BioMechanics and BioMaterials Lab

Mechanical Prosperities of Biomaterials

Experiment #2 Pre lab

Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials
Compressive Test
Objectives :
1. To understand the principle of compression test as well as practice how to operate the
universal
testing machine (810LE4) in a compression manner.
2. To understand the behavior of a material while it experiences a compressive load by
measuring
fundamental variables, such as, strain, stress, and deformation.
3. To construct stress-strain diagram.

Introduction :
Understanding material mechanics is critical for engineering. The tension and compression tests
provide a simple and effective way to characterize a material's response to loading. By subjecting
machined material samples or on full-size or scale models of actual components to a controlled
tensile or compressive displacement along a single axis using a universal mechanical testing
instrument.

A compression test is any test in which a material experiences opposing forces that push inward
upon the specimen from opposite sides or is otherwise compressed, “squashed”, crushed, or
flattened. The test sample is generally placed in between two grips that distribute the applied
load across the entire surface area of two opposite faces of the test sample and then the grips are
pushed together by a universal test machine causing the sample to flatten. A compressed sample
is usually shortened in the direction of the applied forces and expands in the direction
perpendicular to the force. The compression test is used to determine elastic limit, proportional
limit, yield point, yield strength, and (for some materials) compressive strength.

Materials and Method :

 PC Computer
 Universal Testing Machine (810LE4 Series Hardware)
 Vernier Caliper and scale
 Tested Specimens (Aluminum and Brass)

Procedure :
1. Measure the height and the diameter of the specimen.
2. Hold the specimen between the grips of the Universal Testing Machine.
3. Start the Compression test.
4. Remove the specimen from grips.
5. Measure the new height and the new diameter of the specimen.
Expected value :

MATERIAL ELASTIC YIELD

MODULUS STRENGTH
“E” (GPA) “y” (MPA)
ALUMINUM 69 95

BRASS 97 124-310

References :
 https://www.testresources.net/applications/test-types/compression-test/
 http://web.mit.edu/dlizardo/www/UniaxialTestingLabReportV6.pdf
 Nikita Khlystov, Daniel Lizardo, Keisuke Matsushita, Jennie Zheng/Uniaxial Tension and
Compression Testing of Materials/September 25, 2013.
 https://www.bestech.com.au/wp-content/uploads/Modulus-of-Elasticity.pdf
 https://www.ezlok.com/brass-properties