Name Quintin wright

Mechanisms, Simple Machines, Lever, Wheel and Axle, and Pulley Guided Notes

Use the Mechanisms, Simple Machines, Lever, Wheel and Axle, and Pulley slide show to complete the guided
notes.

http://bit.ly/POESimpleMachines1

1. Simples Machines are Mechanisms that manipulate magnitude of force and distance.

2. The six simple machines are the

Lever Wheel and axel pulley

Inclined plane Wedge Screw

3. Mechanical Advantage (MA) is the

1.Ratio of the magnitude of the resistance and effort forces

2. Ratio of distance traveled by the effort and the resistance force

4. A mechanical advantage of 2:1 tells us what about a mechanism?

Effort force magnitude is 4 times less than the magnitude of the resistance force.

Effort force travels 4 times greater distance than the resistance force.

5. The force applied on an object times distance the object travels parallel to the force is known as work.

.
 Work = force x distance = F · d║
7. If MA is greater than 1:
● Proportionally less effort force is required to overcome the resistance force
● Proportionally greater effort distance is required to overcome the resistance force
If MA is less than 1:
● Proportionally greater effort force is required to overcome the resistance force
● Proportionally less effort distance is required to overcome the resistance force

8. MA can never be less than or equal to zero.

9. What is the formula for Ideal Mechanical Advantage? Be sure to write down what the variables are.
De
IMA=
Dr

10. IMA
1. Used in efficiency and safety factor design calculations

2. Theory-based calculation

3.Friction loss is not taken into consideration

4. Ratio of distance traveled by effort and resistance force

11. What is the formula for Actual Mechanical Advantage? Be sure to write down what the variables are.
Fr
AMA=
Fe

12. AMA
1. Inquiry-based calculation

2. Frictional losses are taken into consideration

3.used in efficiency calculations

4.ratio of force magnitudes

13. Complete the table below. Be sure to label the fulcrum, effort, and resistance.
1st class lever 2nd class lever 3rd class lever
14. moment is the The turning effect of a force about a point equal to the magnitude of the force times the
perpendicular distance from the point to the line of action from the force.

15. torque is the force that produces or tends to produce rotation or torsion.

16. On the diagram to the right label the Distance

Resistance (DR), Distance Effort (DE), Effort Force
(FE), and Effort Resistance (FR)
Fr is the bottom left
Fe is the bottom right
De is the top left
Dr is the top right

17. Calculate the effort moment acting on the lever.

Formula moment= d x F Substitution movement= 20 x 6 Answer 120 in torque

18. Calculate the unknown distance (DR) from the fulcrum to the resistance force.
 Formula Substitution Answer

De 50lb
IMA= 50lb = dr=2
Dr Dr

19.In the example above what is the AMA, IMA, and Efficiency?

Formula Substitution Answer

AMA 70lb= 70lb over Fr Fr = 4

AMA= Fr over Fe

IMA IMA= De over Dr 50lb

50lb = dr=2
Dr

Efficiency

20. Why isn’t any machine 100% efficient?

It has something to do with gravity I think.

21. A wheel is…..

A wheel is a lever arm fixed to a shaft,
called an axle.

22. In the diagram of the wheel and axle to the right, if the axle is driving
the wheel, what is the

DE = 5in

DR = 23in
23. Using the same diagram as in 22, calculate the IMA, AMA, and efficiency.

Formula Substitution Answer

AMA 20lb over 150lb 1:10

AMA= Fr over Fe

IMA 23 over 5 2 : 10

IMA = Dr over De

Efficiency 1 over 2 times 100 50%

AMA over IMA

24. What is a pulley?

A pulley is a lever consisting of a wheel with a groove in its rim that is used to change the direction and
magnitude of a force exerted by a rope or cable.

25. Identify the two pulleys below as either fixed or moveable.

Movable pulley fixed pulley

26. Fixed and movable pulleys in combination (called a block and tackle) provide mechanical advantage and a
change of direction for effort force.

27. Pulley IMA = # strands opposing the force of the load

28. What is the IMA of the pulley system on the right?

29. If the weight or FR is 500 lbs, how much effort FE would it take to lift
the weight?

30. Calculate the IMA of the compound machine below.

Formula

Substitution

Answer

31. Calculate the IMA of the compound pulley system to the

right.
Formula
 Substitution

Answer

32. Calculate the AMA, IMA, and Efficiency of the pulley system to the right?

Formula Substitution Answer

AMA

IMA

Efficiency

33. What are two misconceptions about pulleys?

1. Angels don't matter

2. Count the effort strand if it pulls up