Specifications for Geotechnical Investigation

Contents
1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Report....................................................................................................................................3
2 Base Data.......................................................................................................................................4
2.1 Site Location & Description....................................................................................................4
3 Proposed Ground Investigation.....................................................................................................5
3.1 General..................................................................................................................................5
4 Field Investigation........................................................................................................................11
4.1 General Requirements.........................................................................................................11
4.1.1 Borehole Termination Criterion...................................................................................12
4.1.2 Rotary Mud Circulation Boring.....................................................................................12
4.1.3 Rock Boring..................................................................................................................12
4.2 In-Situ Testing......................................................................................................................12
4.2.1 Standard Penetration Test...........................................................................................13
4.3 Sampling..............................................................................................................................13
4.3.1 Representative Samples...............................................................................................14
4.3.2 Undisturbed Sample....................................................................................................14
4.3.3 Rock samples...............................................................................................................15
4.4 Ground Water......................................................................................................................15
4.4.1 Subsoil Water Samples.................................................................................................15
5 Laboratory Testing.......................................................................................................................17
5.1 Essential Requirements.......................................................................................................17
5.2 List of Laboratory Test.........................................................................................................17
5.2.1 Tests on disturbed samples..........................................................................................17
5.2.2 Tests on Undisturbed/Reconstituted samples.............................................................18
5.2.3 Tests on Rock samples.................................................................................................19
6 Other General Requirement........................................................................................................20
6.1 Codes and Standard.............................................................................................................20
7 Presentation of the Test Results..................................................................................................22
7.1 Data to be furnished............................................................................................................22
7.2 Recommendations to be provided.......................................................................................23
8 Summary.....................................................................................................................................24
Appendix - 1........................................................................................................................................25
1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 REPORT
This specification gives the methodology for carrying out geotechnical Investigation for the Dhaka
Metro Line 5 (South). The procedures to be adopted for conducting field and laboratory investigation
including sampling techniques to ascertain the sub-surface conditions for the proposed Metro Route
shall comply with the specifications given herein.
This report is prepared based on the relevant Bangladesh standards or Indian Standard codes related
to Geotechnical Investigation.
2 BASE DATA

2.1 SITE LOCATION & DESCRIPTION

The soil condition along the corridor will govern the project and the final choice of the construction
method. The total length of the section is 16.940 Km. Which includes 12 nos. of underground and 3
nos. of elevated stations. It also includes a Depot.

Alignment details:
3 PROPOSED GROUND INVESTIGATION

3.1 GENERAL
Consideration behind fixation of numbers of Bore Holes is as bellow:

i. Borehole spacing along the alignment (carried out by excavation and backfill
method; and excavated by tunnel boring machine (TBM) equipment) approximately 50
m/borehole.
ii. Viaduct section, 1 borehole for every pier location (about 30 m span).
iii. Approximately 7 boreholes for each station. Approximately 40 boreholes for depot
construction site.
Proposed ground investigation locations along the alignment are given in Table 1. In-situ and
laboratory tests in soil strata, rock and ground water as tabulated in Error: Reference source not
found and Clause 3.2 shall be carried out as per relevant codes related to Geotechnical
Investigations.

Table 1: Proposed Borehole Details

Tentati Tentati
Coordinat Coordinat
ve ve
Borehole es Terminati Borehole es Terminati
Boring Boring
Number on Depth Number on Depth
Length Length
E N E N
(m)* (m)*
BH - 1     50 BH - 256     50
BH - 2     50 BH - 257     50
BH - 3     50 BH - 258     50
BH - 4     50 BH - 259     50
BH - 5     50 BH - 260     50
BH - 6     50 BH - 261     50
BH - 7     50 BH - 262     50
BH - 8     50 BH - 263     50
BH - 9     50 BH - 264     50
BH - 10     50 BH - 265     50
Refer Refer
BH - 11     50 4.1.1 BH - 266     50 4.1.1
BH - 12     50 Borehole BH - 267     50 Borehole
BH - 13     50 Terminati BH - 268     50 Terminati
BH - 14 50 on BH - 269 50 on
       
Criterion Criterion
BH - 15     50 BH - 270     50
BH - 16     50 BH - 271     50
BH - 17     50 BH - 272     50
BH - 18     50 BH - 273     50
BH - 19     50 BH - 274     50
BH - 20     50 BH - 275     50
BH - 21     50 BH - 276     50
BH - 22     50 BH - 277     50
BH - 23     50 BH - 278     50
BH - 24     50 BH - 279     50
 Tentati Tentati
Coordinat Coordinat
Borehole ve Terminati Borehole ve Terminati
es es
Number Boring on Depth Number Boring on Depth
E N Length E N Length
BH - 25 (m)*
50 BH - 280 (m)*
50
       
BH - 26     50 BH - 281     50
BH - 27     50 BH - 282     50
BH - 28     50 BH - 283     50
BH - 29     50 BH - 284     50
BH - 30     50 BH - 285     50
BH - 31     50 BH - 286     50
BH - 32     50 BH - 287     50
BH - 33     50 BH - 288     50
BH - 34     50 BH - 289     50
BH - 35     50 BH - 290     50
BH - 36     50 BH - 291     50
BH - 37     50 BH - 292     50
BH - 38     50 BH - 293     50
BH - 39     50 BH - 294     50
BH - 40     50 BH - 295     50
BH - 41     50 BH - 296     50
BH - 42     50 BH - 297     50
BH - 43     50 BH - 298     50
BH - 44     50 BH - 299     50
BH - 45     50 BH - 300     50
BH - 46     50 BH - 301     50
BH - 47     50 BH - 302     50
BH - 48     50 BH - 303     50
BH - 49     50 BH - 304     50
BH - 50     50 BH - 305     50
BH - 51     50 BH - 306     50
BH - 52     50 BH - 307     50
BH - 53     50 BH - 308     50
BH - 54     50 BH - 309     50
BH - 55     50 BH - 310     50
BH - 56     50 BH - 311     50
BH - 57     50 BH - 312     50
BH - 58     50 BH - 313     50
BH - 59     50 BH - 314     50
BH - 60     50 BH - 315     50
BH - 61     50 BH - 316     50
BH - 62     50 BH - 317     50
BH - 63     50 BH - 318     50
BH - 64     50 BH - 319     50
BH - 65     50 BH - 320     50
BH - 66     50 BH - 321     50
BH - 67     50 BH - 322     50
BH - 68     50 BH - 323     50
 Tentati Tentati
Coordinat Coordinat
Borehole ve Terminati Borehole ve Terminati
es es
Number Boring on Depth Number Boring on Depth
E N Length E N Length
BH - 69 (m)*
50 BH - 324 (m)*
50
       
BH - 70     50 BH - 325     50
BH - 71     50 BH - 326     50
BH - 72     50 BH - 327     50
BH - 73     50 BH - 328     50
BH - 74     50 BH - 329     50
BH - 75     50 BH - 330     50
BH - 76     50 BH - 331     50
BH - 77     50 BH - 332     50
BH - 78     50 BH - 333     50
BH - 79     50 BH - 334     50
BH - 80     50 BH - 335     50
BH - 81     50 BH - 336     50
BH - 82     50 BH - 337     50
BH - 83     50 BH - 338     50
BH - 84     50 BH - 339     50
BH - 85     50 BH - 340     50
BH - 86     50 BH - 341     50
BH - 87     50 BH - 342     50
BH - 88     50 BH - 343     50
BH - 89     50 BH - 344     50
BH - 90     50 BH - 345     50
BH - 91     50 BH - 346     50
BH - 92     50 BH - 347     50
BH - 93     50 BH - 348     50
BH - 94     50 BH - 349     50
BH - 95     50 BH - 350     50
BH - 96     50 BH - 351     50
BH - 97     50 BH - 352     50
BH - 98     50 BH - 353     50
BH - 99     50 BH - 354     50
BH - 100     50 BH - 355     50
BH - 101     50 BH - 356     50
BH - 102     50 BH - 357     50
BH - 103     50 BH - 358     50
BH - 104     50 BH - 359     50
BH - 105     50 BH - 360     50
BH - 106     50 BH - 361     50
BH - 107     50 BH - 362     50
BH - 108     50 BH - 363     50
BH - 109     50 BH - 364     50
BH - 110     50 BH - 365     50
BH - 111     50 BH - 366     50
BH - 112     50 BH - 367     50
 Tentati Tentati
Coordinat Coordinat
Borehole ve Terminati Borehole ve Terminati
es es
Number Boring on Depth Number Boring on Depth
E N Length E N Length
BH - 113 (m)*
50 BH - 368 (m)*
50
       
BH - 114     50 BH - 369     50
BH - 115     50 BH - 370     50
BH - 116     50 BH - 371     50
BH - 117     50 BH - 372     50
BH - 118     50 BH - 373     50
BH - 119     50 BH - 374     50
BH - 120     50 BH - 375     50
BH - 121     50 BH - 376     50
BH - 122     50 BH - 377     50
BH - 123     50 BH - 378     50
BH - 124     50 BH - 379     50
BH - 125     50 BH - 380     50
BH - 126     50 BH - 381     50
BH - 127     50 BH - 382     50
BH - 128     50 BH - 383     50
BH - 129     50 BH - 384     50
BH - 130     50 BH - 385     50
BH - 131     50 BH - 386     50
BH - 132     50 BH - 387     50
BH - 133     50 BH - 388     50
BH - 134     50 BH - 389     50
BH - 135     50 BH - 390     50
BH - 136     50 BH - 391     50
BH - 137     50 BH - 392     50
BH - 138     50 BH - 393     50
BH - 139     50 BH - 394     50
BH - 140     50 BH - 395     50
BH - 141     50 BH - 396     50
BH - 142     50 BH - 397     50
BH - 143     50 BH - 398     50
BH - 144     50 BH - 399     50
BH - 145     50 BH - 400     50
BH - 146     50 BH - 401     50
BH - 147     50 BH - 402     50
BH - 148     50 BH - 403     50
BH - 149     50 BH - 404     50
BH - 150     50 BH - 405     50
BH - 151     50 BH - 406     50
BH - 152     50 BH - 407     50
BH - 153     50 BH - 408     50
BH - 154     50 BH - 409     50
BH - 155     50 BH - 410     50
BH - 156     50 BH - 411     50
 Tentati Tentati
Coordinat Coordinat
Borehole ve Terminati Borehole ve Terminati
es es
Number Boring on Depth Number Boring on Depth
E N Length E N Length
BH - 157 (m)*
50 BH - 412 (m)*
50
       
BH - 158     50 BH - 413     50
BH - 159     50 BH - 414     50
BH - 160     50 BH - 415     50
BH - 161     50 BH - 416     50
BH - 162     50 BH - 417     50
BH - 163     50 BH - 418     50
BH - 164     50 BH - 419     50
BH - 165     50 BH - 420     50
BH - 166     50 BH - 421     50
BH - 167     50 BH - 422     50
BH - 168     50 BH - 423     50
BH - 169     50 BH - 424     50
BH - 170     50 BH - 425     50
BH - 171     50 BH - 426     50
BH - 172     50 BH - 427     50
BH - 173     50 BH - 428     50
BH - 174     50 BH - 429     50
BH - 175     50 BH - 430     50
BH - 176     50 BH - 431     50
BH - 177     50 BH - 432     50
BH - 178     50 BH - 433     50
BH - 179     50 BH - 434     50
BH - 180     50 BH - 435     50
BH - 181     50 BH - 436     50
BH - 182     50 BH - 437     50
BH - 183     50 BH - 438     50
BH - 184     50 BH - 439     50
BH - 185     50 BH - 440     50
BH - 186     50 BH - 441     50
BH - 187     50 BH - 442     50
BH - 188     50 BH - 443     50
BH - 189     50 BH - 444     50
BH - 190     50 BH - 445     50
BH - 191     50 BH - 446     50
BH - 192     50 BH - 447     50
BH - 193     50 BH - 448     50
BH - 194     50 BH - 449     50
BH - 195     50 BH - 450     50
BH - 196     50 BH - 451     50
BH - 197     50 BH - 452     50
BH - 198     50 BH - 453     50
BH - 199     50 BH - 454     50
BH - 200     50 BH - 455     50
 Tentati Tentati
Coordinat Coordinat
Borehole ve Terminati Borehole ve Terminati
es es
Number Boring on Depth Number Boring on Depth
E N Length E N Length
BH - 201 (m)*
50 BH - 456 (m)*
50
       
BH - 202     50 BH - 457     50
BH - 203     50 BH - 458     50
BH - 204     50 BH - 459     50
BH - 205     50 BH - 460     50
BH - 206     50 BH - 461     50
BH - 207     50 BH - 462     50
BH - 208     50 BH - 463     50
BH - 209     50 BH - 464     50
BH - 210     50 BH - 465     50
BH - 211     50 BH - 466     50
BH - 212     50 BH - 467     50
BH - 213     50 BH - 468     50
BH - 214     50 BH - 469     50
BH - 215     50 BH - 470     50
BH - 216     50 BH - 471     50
BH - 217     50 BH - 472     50
BH - 218     50 BH - 473     50
BH - 219     50 BH - 474     50
BH - 220     50 BH - 475     50
BH - 221     50 BH - 476     50
BH - 222     50 BH - 477     50
BH - 223     50 BH - 478     50
BH - 224     50 BH - 479     50
BH - 225     50 BH - 480     50
BH - 226     50 BH - 481     50
BH - 227     50 BH - 482     50
BH - 228     50 BH - 483     50
BH - 229     50 BH - 484     50
BH - 230     50 BH - 485     50
BH - 231     50 BH - 486     50
BH - 232     50 BH - 487     50
BH - 233     50 BH - 488     50
BH - 234     50 BH - 489     50
BH - 235     50 BH - 490     50
BH - 236     50 BH - 491     50
BH - 237     50 BH - 492     50
BH - 238     50 BH - 493     50
BH - 239     50 BH - 494     50
BH - 240     50 BH - 495     50
BH - 241     50 BH - 496     50
BH - 242     50 BH - 497     50
BH - 243     50 BH - 498     50
BH - 244     50 BH - 499     50
 Tentati Tentati
Coordinat Coordinat
Borehole ve Terminati Borehole ve Terminati
es es
Number Boring on Depth Number Boring on Depth
E N Length E N Length
BH - 245 (m)*
50 BH - 500 (m)*
50
       
BH - 246     50 BH - 501     50
BH - 247     50 BH - 502     50
BH - 248     50 BH - 503     50
BH - 249     50 BH - 504     50
BH - 250     50 BH - 505     50
BH - 251     50 BH - 506     50
BH - 252     50 BH - 507     50
BH - 253     50 BH - 508     50
BH - 254     50 BH - 509     50
BH - 255     50 BH - 510     50

* The actual depth of the boreholes may vary as per actual geological conditions at site.
Table 2: Summary of Proposed In-situ testing

GI Type Item Number of Tests

Field tests in At every 1.5m interval for all
SPT Boreholes
Soil
For all Boreholes, at all depths
Core Box Photographs
Field tests in when rock is met
Rock At all places where core is
Core Recovery & RQD (%)
recovered in rock

3.2 DETAILS OF LABORATORY TESTS:

PART – A

LABORATORY TESTS ON SOIL SAMPLES (UG-SECTION)

Sieve Analysis

Test shall be conducted for soil samples of all depth based on sample availability.

Hydrometer Test

Test shall be conducted only in clayey soil samples on per layer for every 10 boreholes.
Atterberg’s Limits

Test shall be conducted only in clayey soil samples for classification purpose.

Shrinkage Limits

Test shall be conducted only in MI – MH, CL-CH type of soil.

Natural Moisture Content

Test shall be conducted only in undisturbed soil samples (UDS).

Free Swell Index

Test shall be conducted only in Cl – CH type of soil where organic matter is suspected.

Bulk & Dry Density

Test shall be conducted only in undisturbed soil samples (UDS).

Specific Gravity

One test shall be conducted at every 10th borehole for each stratum.

Swell Pressure Test

Test shall be conducted only in undisturbed soil samples (Cl – CH type of soil).

Direct Shear Test

To be conducted on UDS samples collected in Sandy Strata.

Tri-axial Test (UU Type – Quick Test)

To be conducted on UDS samples collected in Clayey / mixed strata

Tri-axial Test (CU type)

On the UD samples collected in clayey layer for depth below 10m, Conduct this test at 5 m depth
interval or for each layer in diagonally opposite boreholes at station and at every 250 m along the
tunnel alignment. σ 1 should be overburden pressure at initial confinement.

Consolidation Test

At station location, for UDS samples, if clayey soil is available, conduct test at depths of 5.0/7.5/10 m.
For Tunnel alignment for every 100 m stretch, conduct one test for every clay layer or for every 5m
below 10m depth.

Unconfined Compressive Test (UCC)

Conduct UCC test as an alternate to triaxial shear test in clayey samples where Φ is not expected.

Chemical Test

Chemical Test (PH, Chloride, Sulphates) both in PPM and % shall be reported both for soil and
ground water at every 250m interval along the alignment and one at each station location.

Note:
No duplication of tests to be done. In case direct shear/Tri-axial shear is done, UCC need not be
conducted on same sample. Similarly, for free swell pressure tests.
 PART – B

LABORATORY TESTS ON ROCK CORE SAMPLES (UG SECTION)

Density, Sp-gravity, Water Absorption, Porosity, Hardness Index

Test shall be conducted based on samples availability.

Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS)

At least one test shall be conducted in each borehole in each type of rock stratum.

Point Load Index

If UCS could not be conducted due to non-availability of core sample of required length, then
conducted one-point load index tests on rock core samples, one in each type of rock strata.

Modulus of Elasticity

One test in each borehole shall be conducted based on sample availability.

Cerchar Abrasive Index ASTM D7625

In a length of 500m if rock with RQD≥ 50% is encountered within the alignment of tunnel drive, this
test shall be conducted.

Note : If two types of rock strata are encountered, one test in each rock strata shall need to be
conducted.

Petrography Analysis

In a length of 250m if rock is encountered within the alignment of tunnel drive, this test shall need to
be conducted on each rock type.

Note : If two types of rock strata are encountered, one test in each rock strata shall need to be
conducted.
 PART – C

FIELD TESTS (UG SECTION)

Standard Penetration Test (SPT)

Conducting Standard Penetration Tests in bore holes at every 3.0m starting from first sample at 1.5m
depth or at the change of stratum. If UDS is not collected at any depth as per its requirement, SPT
shall be conducted in lieu of UDS. In case of hard strata (intermediate geo material) the reporting shall
be as no. of blows / penetration achieved. It should not be shown as > 100 or refusal. In case of Zero
penetration, mention as rebound.

Undisturbed Samples (UDS)

UDS shall be collected wherever possible.

In-situ Permeability test in Soil

At Station locations, in-situ permeability test in soil shall be conducted by using Falling Head /
Constant Head method in the four corners of boreholes for each soil layer. In case of tunnel alignment
conduct at every 250m (10th borehole).

In-situ Permeability Test in Rock

At Station locations in-situ permeability test in rock shall be conducted by using Double Packer
Method in the four corner boreholes. The test depth shall be 15.0m & 25.0m depth below EGL.

Along the tunnel alignment; In one borehole at every 250m intervals, double packer permeability tests
shall be conducted at 15.0m & 20.0m depth below EGL.

Field Vane Shear Test

Test shall be conducted in clayey soil samples with SPT-N value less than 8.

Geophysical Test (Electrical Resistivity Test)

At Station Location: For the purpose of determination of Earth resistivity of soil for designing the earth
connections – will be decided in the final stages of investigation.

ERT along the alignment: Wherever boreholes cannot be done due to existing buildings, after
consultation ERT shall be conducted at such locations to determine the subsoil and rock profiles.

Cross hole Seismic test: At Station locations and 500m interval along tunnel alignment, this test shall
be conducted to ascertain shear wave velocity etc. dynamic parameters for each soil and rock layer.

Pressure meter Tests in Rock (Additional Tests)

Pressure meter tests in rock shall be carried out by using 200 Bar capacity OYO High Pressure
Dilatometer equipment.

Test shall be conducted at Station location. Two tests in the rock strata per borehole shall be carried
out. The tests shall be conducted in two diagonal boreholes at each station location.

Along the Tunnel alignment: In one borehole at every 500m intervals at two different depths.

Pressure meter Test in Soil (Additional Tests)

Pressure meter tests in soil shall be carried out by using Menard Pressure meter equipment.

Test shall be conducted at station location. The tests shall be conducted at 5m, 10m & 15m depth
below EGL. The tests shall be conducted in two diagonal boreholes at each station location.

Along the tunnel alignment: In one borehole at every 250m intervals at 5m, 10m & 15m depth.
 PART – D

GENERAL (UG – SECTION)

 Geological Description or rock shall have the following details:

 Rock type with description of colour, texture / structure, core recovery, RQD,
discontinuities spacing, joint condition, orientation, dip of strata, cavities, fissures,
degree of weathering etc. change in rock stratum, ground water level as required as
per BIS codes.

 Relevant details shall be provided to determine RMR.

 During drilling in rock if the core recovery is not significant in a borehole after using double
tube core barrel, in adjustment borehole triple core barrel shall be used to ascertain the true
core recovery of strata.

 During drilling in rock, the penetration of drilling in cm/min should be mentioned for each run
along with mentioning cavities if encountered by way sudden jump.
 PART – A

LABORATORY TESTS ON SOIL SAMPLES (ELEVATED-SECTION)

Sieve Analysis

Test shall be conducted for soil samples of all depth based on sample availability.

Hydrometer Test

Test shall be conducted only in clayey soil samples on per layer for every 10 boreholes.

Atterberg’s Limits

Test shall be conducted only in clayey soil samples for classification purpose.

Shrinkage Limits

Test shall be conducted only in MI – MH, CL-CH type of soil.

Natural Moisture Content

Test shall be conducted only in undisturbed soil samples (UDS).

Free Swell Index

Test shall be conducted only in Cl – CH type of soil where organic matter is suspected.

Bulk & Dry Density

Test shall be conducted only in undisturbed soil samples (UDS).

Specific Gravity

One test shall be conducted at every 10th borehole for each stratum.

Swell Pressure Test

Test shall be conducted only in undisturbed soil samples (Cl – CH type of soil).

Direct Shear Test

To be conducted on UDS samples collected in Sandy Strata.

Tri-axial Test (UU Type – Quick Test)

To be conducted on UDS samples collected in Clayey / mixed strata

Consolidation Test

At station location, for UDS samples, if clayey soil is available, conduct test at depths of 3 to 10 m
depth. For Viaduct alignment for every 100 m stretch, conduct one test for every clay layer or for
every 5m below 10m depth.

Unconfined Compressive Test (UCC)

Conduct UCC test as an alternate to triaxial shear test in clayey samples where Φ is not expected.
Chemical Test

Chemical Test (PH, Chloride, Sulphates) both in PPM and % shall be reported both for soil and
ground water at every 250m interval along the alignment and one at each station location.

Note:

No duplication of tests to be done. In case direct shear/Tri-axial shear is done, UCC need not be
conducted on same sample. Similarly, for free swell pressure tests.
 PART – B

LABORATORY TESTS ON ROCK CORE SAMPLES (ELEVATED SECTION)

Density, Sp-gravity, Water Absorption, Porosity, Hardness Index

Test shall be conducted based on samples availability.

Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS)

At least one test shall be conducted in each borehole in each type of rock stratum.

Point Load Index

If UCS could not be conducted due to non-availability of core sample of required length, then
conducted one-point load index tests on rock core samples, one in each type of rock strata.

Modulus of Elasticity

One test in each borehole shall be conducted based on sample availability.

Petrography Analysis

In a length of 500m if rock is encountered within the alignment of tunnel drive, this test shall need to
be conducted on each rock type.

Note : If two types of rock strata are encountered, one test in each rock strata shall need to be
conducted.
 PART – C

FIELD TESTS (ELEVATED SECTION)

Standard Penetration Test (SPT)

Conducting Standard Penetration Tests in bore holes at every 3.0m starting from first sample at 1.5m
depth or at the change of stratum. If UDS is not collected at any depth as per its requirement, SPT
shall be conducted in lieu of UDS. In case of hard strata (intermediate geo material) the reporting shall
be as no. of blows / penetration achieved. It should not be shown as >100 or refusal. In case of Zero
penetration, mention as rebound.

Undisturbed Samples (UDS)

UDS shall be collected wherever possible.

In-situ Permeability test in Soil

At Station locations, in-situ permeability test in soil shall be conducted by using Falling Head /
Constant Head method in the four corners of boreholes for each soil layer for top 10m.

Field Vane Shear Test

Test shall be conducted in clayey soil samples with SPT-N value less than 8.

Geophysical Test (Electrical Resistivity Test)

At Station Location: For the purpose of determination of Earth resistivity of soil for designing the earth
connections – will be decided in the final stages of investigation.

ERT along the alignment: Wherever boreholes cannot be done due to existing buildings, after
consultation ERT shall be conducted at such locations to determine the subsoil and rock profiles.
 PART – D

GENERAL (ELEVATED – SECTION)

 Geological Description or rock shall have the following details:

 Rock type with description of colour, texture / structure, core recovery, RQD,
discontinuities spacing, joint condition, orientation, dip of strata, cavities, fissures,
degree of weathering etc. change in rock stratum, ground water level as required as
per BIS codes.

 Relevant details shall be provided to determine RMR.

 During drilling in rock if the core recovery is not significant in a borehole after using double
tube core barrel, in adjustment borehole triple core barrel shall be used to ascertain the true
core recovery of strata.

 During drilling in rock, the penetration of drilling in cm/min should be mentioned for each run
along with mentioning cavities if encountered by way sudden jump.
3.3 BOQ SUMMARY

TOTAL
ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY Rate
AMOUNT

1 PRELIMINARIES        

Mobilization and demobilization of all plants,

1.1 equipment, tools and workmen to and from the Lumpsum 1    
site and move between sites

  BILL NO. 1 TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY        

2 FIELD WORK        
Setting and dismounting rig at the borehole
2.1 No 510    
points
Movement of Rig from one structure location
2.2 No 80    
to the other
Drilling through all types of soil upto maximum
2.3 depth of 50m - diameter of 125mm to 200mm m 17850    
including providing casing
Drilling through all types of rock using NX size
2.4 core / Diamond bits including collection of rock m 7650    
cores
Carrying out SPT Test at interval of 1.5 m in
2.5 absence of UDS collection and 3.0m if No 17000    
UDS/core samples are collected
Collection of Undisturbed Samples at 3.0m
2.6 No 8500    
interval
2.7 In-situ Permeability test in Soil No 160    
2.8 In-situ Permeability Test in Rock No 90    
2.9 Field Vane Shear Test No 510    
2.10 Geophysical Test (Electrical Resistivity Test) No Rate only    
2.11 ERT along the alignment No Rate only    
2.12 Cross hole Seismic test No 40    
2.13 Pressure meter Tests in Rock No 210    
2.14 Pressure meter Test in Soil No 200    
  BILL NO.2 TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY        
3 LABORATORY WORKS        
3.1 Soil Classification Tests        
3.1.1 Grain Size Distribution (Wet Sieve analysis) No 16740    
3.1.2 Hydrometer Test No 20    
3.1.3 Water content (MC) m 8370    
3.1.4 Atteberg limit m 8370    
3.1.5 Shrinkage Limit No 1680    
3.1.6 Free Swell Index No 840    
3.2 Strength and Deformation Tests        
3.2.1 Bulk & Dry density No 8370    
3.2.2 Direct Shear Test for sandy soil No 1010    
3.2.3 Specific Gravity (Gs) No 180    
3.2.4 Swell Pressure Test No 840    
 TOTAL
ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT QTY Rate
AMOUNT

3.2.5 Tri-axial Test (UU Type – Quick Test) No 4190    

3.2.6 Tri-axial Test (CU type) No 340    
3.2.7 Consolidation Test No 1160    
3.2.8 Unconfined Compressive Test (UCC) No Rate only    
3.3 Soil Chemical composition        
3.3.1 Free chloride content in the soil/water No 80    
3.3.2 Free sulphate content in the soil/water No 80    
3.3.3 Soil/water pH - Value No 80    
3.4 Test on rock cores        
3.4.1 Specific gravity and water absorption No 2510    
3.4.2 Point load test No 760    
3.4.3 Porosity No 2510    
3.4.4 Hardness Index No 2510    
3.4.5 Unconfined compression test for rock samples No 760    
3.4.6 Modulus of Elasticity No 510    
3.4.7 Cerchar Abrasive Index No Rate only    
3.4.8 Petrography Analysis No 70    
  BILL NO. 3 TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY        
4 TECHNICAL REPORT        
Field Report (Factual report) incorporating
a Lumpsum 1    
Bore logs and all field test reports
Detailed Geotechnical Report (Technical
b report) incorporating all field and laboratory Lumpsum 1    
test results
  BILL NO. 4 TOTAL CARRIED TO SUMMARY        
5 SUBTOTAL        

4 FIELD INVESTIGATION

4.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The following are the general requirements to be met while carrying out boring for field investigation.

I. All boreholes and field tests should be located and extended up to depth as indicated in the
Table 1 or as indicated elsewhere in this specification. The reduced levels (RLs) at these
locations should also be determined with respect to the single bench Mark (BM). Any deviation in
Location or depth of borehole should be specified indicating the reason for the deviation in the
location.

II. The minimum diameter of the borehole should be 150 mm and boring should be carried out in
accordance with any local provisions of Bangladesh or IS: 1892 and as per this specification.

III. Casing pipe should be used in the boreholes to support its sides when a caving is suspected to
occur inside the borehole. When casing pipe is used, it should be ensured that its bottom is
always above the bottom level of the bore hole by a minimum of 15 cm. In case of cohesionless
soils the advancement of the casing pipe should be such that it does not disturb the soil to be
 tested or sampled. The casing should be advanced by slowly turning the casing pipe and not by
driving.

IV. In-situ tests should be conducted and undisturbed samples should be obtained at specified
intervals in the boreholes. Representative samples should be preserved for conducting various
tests in the laboratory. Water table in the borehole should be carefully recorded and reported. No
water/drilling mud should be added while boring above ground water table. For cohesionless soil
below water table, the water level in the borehole should at all times be maintained sufficiently
above the water table.

V. The borehole should be cleaned using suitable tools up to the depth of testing or sampling,
ensuring that there is minimum disturbance of the soil at the bottom of the borehole. The process
of jetting through an open tube sampler shall not be permitted.

VI. In cohesive soils, the borehole may be cleaned using a bailer with flap valve. Gentle circulation
of drilling fluid should be done when rotary mud circulation boring is adopted.

VII. On completion of the boreholes, the Contractor should backfill all the bore. It should be back-
filled using selected earth in order that the ground is restored to its original condition.

4.1.1 Borehole Termination Criterion

Borehole exploration shall be terminated at any of the depths below, whichever occurs earlier.

I. Minimum depth of exploration should be as per Table 1.

II. Till a competent stratum is reached.

a. In the case of soils, exploration has to be carried out till the depth of a competent
strata where SPT refusal (i.e. N>100) up to 10m in this stratum is reached.
b. If a rock stratum is encountered the exploration shall be terminated 3 m into this
stratum, provided the stratum is found to be hard rock. The rock stratum is said to be
hard rock if it has a CR >70% and RQD>50%. The competency of the rock stratum at
the termination depth should be confirmed using this criterion. It is important to
ensure that boulders or layers of cemented soils are not mistaken for hard rock. This
necessitates core drilling to a depth of at least 3m into the hard rock in areas where
boulders are known to occur. Where ever competent rock is not met, the borehole
should be terminated at least 15 m into the weathered stratum.

4.1.2 Rotary Mud Circulation Boring

This method can be used in all types of soil below water table. In this method boring should be done
by rotating the bit fixed at the bottom of the drill rod. Proper care should be taken to keep firm contact
between the bit and the bottom of the borehole. Bentonite or mud laden fluids should be used as the
drilling fluid to serve as the protective surface inside the borehole.

4.1.3 Rock Boring

If rock is encountered, Rotary type drilling machines should be used for boring. A wash bore method
of drilling should be used to advance the borehole creating a 100 mm diameter hole through the
superficial deposits to the top of the rock head. The borehole will then be advanced through the rock
generally using H size (76 mm core diameter). The drilling system shall comprise of the use of
minimum H-size double tube core-barrels with surface set diamond core bit and water flush. Single
core barrels will not be permitted. Details of rock drilling data (Core recovery (CR), Rock Quality
Designation (RQD), water loss etc.,) along with the sampling details should be listed in the respective
bore logs.

4.2 IN-SITU TESTING

At all elevations, necessary in-situ tests appropriate to the soil nature should be performed in order to
ascertain the in-situ Engineering behaviour of soil strata. Those tests should include but not limited to
the list given in Table 1.

4.2.1 Standard Penetration Test

This test should be conducted in all types of soil deposits met within a bore hole to find the variation in
the soil stratification by correlating with the number of blows required for unit penetration of a standard
penetrometer. This test should be conducted at 1.5 m intervals and every change of strata starting
from 1.0 m below ground level. The specifications for the equipment and other accessories, procedure
for conducting the test and collection of representative soil samples should conform to IS: 2131.

The test shall be carried out by driving a standard split spoon sampler in the bore hole by means of a
650N hammer having a free fall of 0.75 m. The sampler shall be driven to 450 mm recording the
number of blows for every 150 mm. The number of blows required for each 150 mm penetration
should be recorded and furnished in the report. The number of blows for last 300 mm drive shall be
reported as N Value. The test shall be discontinued when the blow count is equal to 100 or
penetration is less than 25 mm for 50 blows whichever is earlier. At location where test is discontinued
the penetration and number of blows shall be reported. Sufficient quantity of representative soil
samples should be collected from the split spoon sampler (attached to the SPT) for identification and
laboratory testing. The sample should be visually classified and recorded at the site and should be
properly preserved without loss of moisture content and labelled for future identification.

Within the alluvial deposits alternate SPT and open driven U76 samples should be carried out where
possible, reducing to only SPTs where soil is too stiff to obtain undisturbed samples without causing
excessive disturbance. Within decomposed rock, if encountered, SPT testing will be conducted when
successive rotary runs proved abortive due to poor recovery.

4.3 SAMPLING
Sufficient number of undisturbed and representative soil samples should be collected depending upon
the type of soil for reliable estimation of engineering properties of soil. Representative soil samples
should be collected for field identification and for conducting the tests such as sieve analysis, index
properties, specific gravity, chemical analysis, etc. Undisturbed samples should be collected to
estimate the physical strength and settlement properties of the soil. All the accessories required for
sampling and the method of sampling should conform to IS: 2132. All samples collected in the field
should be classified at the site as per IS: 1498.

All the samples should be identified with date, borehole number, depth of sampling etc. It is also
essential to mark an arrow pointing towards the top surface of the sample as the soil was in-situ.
Care should be taken to keep the core samples and box samples vertically with the arrow directing
upwards. The tube samples should be properly trimmed at both ends and suitably capped and sealed
with molten paraffin wax.

When the collection of undisturbed soil sample at a specified depth is not possible, the reason for the
same should be indicated in the bore log. In such a case, undisturbed sampling may be replaced by
any suitable field test such as SPT test to determine the in-situ Engineering properties of the strata.

Precaution should be taken to ensure that the samples are not disturbed and no change in moisture
content takes place during handling, transportation and storing. They should be placed in a temporary
store at the end of the day’s work. Packing and transporting all the samples from site to the laboratory
should be as per IS 4078 within seven days after sampling with proper protection against loss and
damage.

4.3.1 Representative Samples

Representative soil samples should be collected in bore holes at regular intervals to provide a
complete description of soil profile and its variation. Samples should be collected in boreholes at
every identifiable change of strata to supplement the boring records. Samples should be immediately
stored in air tight jars/polythene bags and should fill the jar/bag as far as possible. The same should
be sealed properly to avoid any change in moisture content.

In elevated areas, if superficial material is available in plenty, then bulk samples from a depth of about
0.5 m below ground level should be collected to establish all the required properties to use it as a fill
material. Representative samples weighing about 25 Kg should be collected at shallow depths and
immediately stored in polythene bags as per IS: 1892. The bags should be sealed properly to avoid
any change in moisture content and they should be kept in wooden boxes.

4.3.2 Undisturbed Sample

In each borehole undisturbed sample should be collected at regular intervals of 3 m or every change
of strata. Samples should be of minimum 100 mm diameter and 450 mm length. Samples should be
collected in such a manner that the structure of the soil and its moisture content do not get altered.
The specifications for the accessories required for sampling and the sampling procedure should
conform to IS: 1892 and IS: 2132. Undisturbed sampling in sand should be done using compressed
air technique mentioned in IS: 8763. Thin walled sampler should be used to collect undisturbed
samples by pushing the tube into the soil. The sampling tube should have a smooth finish on both
surfaces and minimum effective length of 450 mm. The area ratio of sampling tubes should be less
than 10%. However, in case of stiff soils, area ratio up to 20% should be permitted.

A general guideline is given in the Table 3 to choose the type of sampler depending upon the nature
of the soil.

Table 3: Types of samplers

Soil Type Preferred Sampler

Gravel Large Diameter thick-walled open drive sampler with catcher device.

Sand Thin-wall drive sampler with free or stationary (fixed) piston.

Soft Clay Thin-wall drive sampler with stationary (fixed) piston.

Stiff and Hard Clay Double tube core barrel with core extractor plug, face discharge and bentonite flush.

Rock Double tube/ Triple tube core barrel with air, mud or foam flush.

4.3.3 Rock samples

Rock samples should be collected during core drilling in rock strata to get continuous recovery of
core. Minimum of double tube core barrels fitted with drill bits shall be used for coring of NX size
samples though rock formations. Water may be circulated down the hollow rods to carry the rock
cuttings to the surface as sludge. These should be retained as samples in traversing friable rock
where cores cannot be recovered. The rock cores should be placed in wooden core boxes in a proper
sequence, number each core following depth measured below existing ground levels. The core boxes
shall be 1.5 m in length divided longitudinally by light battens to hold 5 rows of cores. Photographs of
rock core boxes are to be taken immediately after drilling and submitted along with the field logs. Also,
the rock has to be classified in the field by an experienced geologist. For unconfined compressive
strength determination, a core with diameter to height ratio of 1:1 is required. Rock pieces may be
used for determination of specific gravity and classification.

4.4 GROUND WATER

One of the following methods should be adopted for determining the ground water table in bore holes
as per IS: 6935.

In permeable soils, the water level in the bore hole should be allowed to stabilise after depressing it
adequately by bailing. When the water level inside the bore hole is found to be stable, the depth of
water level below ground level should be measured. Stability of sides and bottom of the bore hole
should be ensured at all time.

For both permeable and impermeable soils, the following method is suitable. The bore hole should be
filled with water and then bailed out to various depths. Observations on the rise or fall of water level
should be made at each depth. The level at which the water level stabilises should be considered as
the water table elevation. This should be established by three successive readings of water level
taken at an interval of two hours.

In case any variation in ground water level is observed in any special boreholes, then the water level
in these boreholes should be recorded during the course of the field investigation. Precautions should
be taken so that water (rain, etc.) does not enter the bore hole if the hole is left open for 24 hours for
water level reading.

4.4.1 Subsoil Water Samples

Sub-soil water samples should be collected for carrying out chemical analysis. Representative
samples of ground water should be collected when it is first encountered in bore holes before the
addition of water to aid boring or drilling. Water samples should not be collected when bentonite
slurry or mud has been used for drilling operation. If water has been added for drilling purposes or if
ground water has been diluted by surface rain water, then the bore hole should be dewatered and
water allowed to rise from which the sample may be taken.
The sampling apparatus should be such that the water at the desired depth can be collected directly
without any disturbance and any change in the concentration of the constituents like dissolved gases,
etc. Undue agitation should be avoided. An ordinary suction pump with the suction end inserted up to
the required depth in the borehole should be used for this purpose.

The sample should be collected in a clean vessel and allowed to settle so that the supernatant liquid
can be poured into a clean well-rinsed glass or polythene bottle. Sufficient quantity and number of
samples should be collected to carry out the chemical analysis and sent to a laboratory in airtight
bottles with proper labelling. The following chemical analysis should be performed on the water
samples: determination of pH value, calcium and magnesium content, turbidity, sulphate, carbonate,
nitrate and chloride contents; presence of organic matter and suspended solids.
5 LABORATORY TESTING

5.1 ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS

Depending on the type of substrata encountered, appropriate laboratory tests should be conducted on
soil and rock samples collected in the field. Laboratory tests should be scheduled and performed by
qualified and experienced personnel who are thoroughly conversant with the work. Tests should be
performed on soil, water and rock samples as per relevant IS codes. One copy of all laboratory test
data records should be submitted progressively every week. Laboratory tests should be carried out
concurrently with field investigation since initial laboratory test results could be useful in planning the
later stages of field work. A schedule of laboratory tests should be established within one week of
completion of the first borehole and the same should be submitted for approval.

Laboratory tests should be conducted using approved apparatus complying with the requirements and
specifications of Indian Standards or other approved standards for this class of work. It should be
checked that the apparatus are in good working condition before starting the laboratory tests.
Calibration of all the instruments and their accessories should be done carefully and precisely. All the
laboratory tests should be conducted at an approved laboratory.

Undisturbed soil samples retained in liners or seamless tube samples should be taken out without
causing any disturbance to the samples using suitably designed extruders just prior to actual testing.
If extruder is horizontal, proper support should be provided to prevent the samples from breaking. For
screw type extruders, the pushing head should be free from the screw shaft so that no torque is
applied to the soil sample; the sample tube should be cut by means of a high speed hacksaw to
proper test length and placed over the mould before pushing the sample into it with a suitable piston.
While extracting a sample from the liner or tube, care should be taken to see that its direction of
movement is the same as that during sampling to avoid stress reversal.

5.2 LIST OF LABORATORY TEST

These tests should include but not be limited to the list given in Error: Reference source not found.
Tests to be conducted on Undisturbed and Disturbed samples are given separately in the table. The
procedure to carry out these tests is described in the sections below and shall conform with the
relevant Indian Standard codes for laboratory tests on soils, IS: 2720 and SP:36 - Part I.

5.2.1 Tests on disturbed samples

5.2.1.1 Specific Gravity

The specific gravity tests for fine, medium and coarse grained soils should be carried out as per IS:
2720 (Part III)/Sec.1 & 2.

5.2.1.2 Sieve Analysis and Hydrometer Analysis

Sieve Analysis and Hydrometer Analysis should be carried out as per IS: 2720 (Part IV) and the
details of grain size distribution should be presented.
5.2.1.3 Atterberg Limit
The liquid and plastic limits of fine grained soils should be carried out as per IS: 2720 (Part V). In
expansive soils, shrinkage limits should be carried out as per IS: 2720 (Part VI). Further, the
classification of soil should be mentioned.

5.2.1.4 Chemical Analysis of Soil and Water

The chemical analysis of soil and water should be conducted on samples as per IS: 3025. This should
include the determination of the properties such as colour, odour, turbidity, pH value, carbonate,
calcium content in water, magnesium content in water, sulphate (both SO3 and SO4), chloride and
nitrate contents, organic matter, salinity, specific conductivity both at 25 C and any other chemicals
harmful to the foundation material. The contents in soil should be indicated as percentage (%) or as
ppm (parts per million) by weight.

5.2.2 Tests on Undisturbed/Reconstituted samples

Remoulded soil specimen, whenever desired, should all be fully reworked at field density and
moisture content.

5.2.2.1 Natural Moisture Content

This test should be carried out by oven-drying method on all undisturbed samples collected as per IS:
2720 (Part II) to ascertain the moisture content. Reconstituted samples should not be used for this
test.

5.2.2.2 Dry and Bulk Density

This test should be carried out on all undisturbed samples as per SP:36 – Part I. Reconstituted
samples should not be used for this test.

5.2.2.3 Triaxial Test

The undrained and unconsolidated triaxial test should be carried out as per IS: 2720 (Part XI) to
ascertain the shear strength parameters. In the case of cohesive soils, the tests should be carried out
on undisturbed samples wherever it is possible to retrieve undisturbed samples. In the case of
cohesionless soils the tests may be carried out on samples reconstituted to the same relative density
as in the field. The results of stress-strain readings in Table format along with Mohr-Circle plots should
be furnished.

5.2.2.4 Direct Shear Test

The direct shear test should be carried out to get the shear strength parameters as per IS: 2720 (Part
XIII). The tests shall be conducted on undisturbed samples or samples reconstituted to the same
relative density as in the field with minimum three normal vertical stresses as specific to the structural
requirement.
5.2.2.5 Consolidation Test

This test should be carried out on undisturbed cohesive soil samples as per IS: 2720 (Part XV) to get
information regarding the one dimensional loading and unloading-reloading stress path, e-log p′ curve
(including both loading and unloading-reloading path), P o, eo, Cc, Cs and mv for all pressure
increments. The e-log P curve, square-root of time plot and logarithm of time plot should be plotted
and various consolidation parameters should be presented.

5.2.3 Tests on Rock samples

5.2.3.1 Water absorption and Specific Gravity Test

The Water absorption and specific gravity tests should be carried out on the selected rock samples as
per IS: 1124 & IS: 2386 (Part III).

5.2.3.2 Density ad Porosity Test

The Density and porosity tests should be carried out on selected rock core samples as per IS: 13030.

5.2.3.3 Unconfined Compressive Strength test

The unconfined compressive strength test should be carried out on selected rock core samples on
both soaked and unsoaked conditions as per IS: 9143 and IS 13047.

5.2.3.4 Point Load Test

The point load test should be carried out on selected rock core samples on both soaked and
unsoaked conditions as per IS: 8764. Although the point load test is, strictly speaking, an index test
for rock, it can be equated with the unconfined uniaxial compression strength. In addition, the tests
can be run both perpendicular and parallel to the axis on the same piece of core, cut block, or
irregular lump to provide a measure of the anisotropy of the rock strength.
6 OTHER GENERAL REQUIREMENT

The following other general requirements should be taken care of while carrying out Geotechnical
Investigation.

1. Advantage of existing local knowledge, records of trial pits, bore holes, etc. in the vicinity and
the type of foundations adopted and behaviour of existing structures particularly those of similar
nature to the ones proposed for this project may be taken.

2. It is essential that the equipment/instruments used in field as well as laboratory, are properly
calibrated prior to the commencement of the work so that they represent true values. .

3. The work includes mobilization of all necessary equipment providing necessary engineering
supervision and technical personnel, skilled and unskilled labour etc., as required to carry out the
entire field as well as laboratory investigations, analysis and interpretation of data collected and
preparation of a Geotechnical report including recommendations.

4. Arrangements have to be made for accurately locating the coordinates and positions of bore
holes and field tests as per the drawings/sketches supplied and for determining the Reduced Levels
(RLs) at these locations with respect to the single Bench Mark (BM) using adequate survey
instruments.

5. All the field and laboratory data should be recorded in the standard format in the relevant
Indian Standard Codes (listed in the Reference section). Two copies of field bore logs and the entire
field records have to be submitted soon after the completion of each test, within a day’s time.

6. One copy of all the laboratory test data/records should be submitted every week during the
progress of laboratory testing.

7. All work meant within this specification should be carried out even if not explicitly mentioned
under the scope. The contractor should make his own arrangements to access and mobilise men and
materials to the location of investigation.

6.1 CODES AND STANDARD

All standards, specifications and codes of practice referred to in this specification should refer to the
latest editions including all applicable official amendments and revisions. In case of conflict between
this specification and those (IS codes referred to herein) the former should prevail. List of codes
referred to in this specification are given below.

IS: 1498 Classification and identification of Soils for engineering purposes

IS: 1888 Method of Load Test on soils

IS: 1892 Code of practice for Subsurface Investigation for Foundation

IS: 1904 Code of practice for design and construction of foundation in soils: General
requirements

IS: 2131 Method of Standard Penetration Test for soils

IS: 2132 Code of practice for thin walled tube sampling

IS: 2720 Method of Test for Soils (relevant parts)

IS: 2809 Glossary of terms and symbols relating to Soil Engineering

IS: 2911 Code of Practice for design and construction of Pile Foundations

IS: 2950 Code of practice for design and construction of raft foundation (Part – I)

IS: 3025 Methods of sampling and testing (Physical and Chemical) for water used in industry

IS: 4078 Code of practice for indexing and storage of drill cores

IS: 5249 Determination of dynamic properties of soil – Method of test

IS: 6403 Code of practice for determination of allowable bearing capacity on shallow
foundation

IS: 6935 Method for determination of water level in boreholes

IS: 8009 Code of practice for calculation of settlement of foundation subjected to symmetrical
(Part I) vertical loads: Shallow foundations

IS: 8009 Code of practice for calculation of settlement of foundation subjected to symmetrical
(Part II) vertical loads: Deep foundations

IS: 8763 Guide for undisturbed sampling of sands and sandy soils

IS: 8764 Method of determination of point load strength index of rocks

IS: 9143 Method for the determination of unconfined compressive strength of Rock Materials

IS: 9179 Method for preparation of Rock Specimen for laboratory testing

IS: 9259 Specifications for Liquid Limit apparatus

IS: 9640 Specifications for Split Spoon Sampler

IS: 9669 Specifications for CBR mould and its accessories

IS: 10074 Specification for compaction mould assembly for Light and Heavy compaction

IS: 10108 Code of practice for sampling by thin wall sampler with stationary piston

IS: 10589 Equipment for determination of subsurface sounding of soils

IS: 12070 Code of Practice for Design and Construction of Shallow Foundations on Rocks

IS: 14593 Design and Construction of Bored Cast-In-Situ Piles founded on Rocks – Guidelines

IRC:78 Standard Specifications and Code of Practice for Road Bridges.

SP 36(Part 1 and 2)-1988 Compendium of Indian standards on Soil Engineering

 7 PRESENTATION OF THE TEST RESULTS

On completion of all the field and laboratory works, the Contractor should submit a formal report
containing Geological information of the region, procedure adopted for investigation, field
observations, summarised test data, conclusions and recommendations for suitable foundation of the
proposed structure. The report should include detailed bore logs, subsoil sections, field test results,
laboratory observations and test results both in tabular as well as graphical form wherever applicable.
The practical and theoretical considerations for the interpretation of test results, the supporting
calculations for the conclusions drawn, etc. should be clearly mentioned in the report. Initially, a report
in draft form has to be submitted for review and discussion. The detailed final report should be
submitted after doing suitable modifications to the draft report along with one set of reproducible and
soft copies of all the graphs, tables etc. All drawings, graphs etc. should be prepared in the latest
version of relevant software’s.

7.1 DATA TO BE FURNISHED

The report should also include but not be limited to the following:

I. Past observations and historical data, if available for the area or for other areas having similar
soil profile with similar structures in the surrounding areas.

II. A plot plan showing the locations and reduced levels of all field tests e.g. bore holes, trial pits,
etc., properly drawn to scale and dimensioned with reference to the established grid lines. Each
of the above should be clearly located (horizontally and vertically) with reference to some datum
or permanent monument.

III. A true cross-section of all individual boreholes and trial pits with reduced levels and coordinates
showing the classification and thickness of individual stratum, position of ground water table. The
location of various in-situ tests conducted and samples collected at different depths and the rock
stratum, if met with. The record of boring should be presented in the format as given in the
Appendix D of IS 1892.

IV. A set of longitudinal and transverse soil/rock profiles to a suitable vertical scale connecting
various boreholes in order to give a clear picture of the variation of the subsoil strata and cross
section to demonstrate site conditions.

V. Plot of Standard Penetration Test N values (both uncorrected and corrected) with depth for
identified areas and results of any in-situ tests carried out.

VI. The stress strain curves and readings in table format along with Mohr-Circle plots should be
furnished.

VII. Results of all laboratory tests should be summarised and a consolidated table giving the layer-
wise soil and rock properties in a standard format. The relevant tables, graphs, figures,
supporting calculations, conclusions and photographs of representative rock cores and trial pits
should be furnished.

VIII. Photographs of all rock cores shall be furnished.

IX. Results of chemical analysis of ground water and soil samples shall be furnished.
 7.2 RECOMMENDATIONS TO BE PROVIDED
Recommendations should be limited to the following:

I. Protective measures based on chemical nature of soil and ground water with due regard to
potential deleterious effects on concrete, steel and other building materials etc. should be
suggested. Remedial measures for sulphate attack and acidity should be dealt in detail.
8 SUMMARY

The soil investigation should be carried out as per this Standard detailed specification, prepared
based on Indian Standard Codes, at those locations specified in the drawings supplied. The salient
points are listed here.
Item Description

Number of Bore hole 180 (178 piers + 2 abutments)

Bore Hole Diameter 150 mm diameter (minimum)

Depth of Bore Holes As per termination criteria

Termination criteria (For i. Minimum depth of exploration should be as per Table 1.
Bore holes taken into bed
rock ) ii. Maximum depth of exploration should be 70 m
OR

iii. Till a competent stratum is reached, whichever occurs

earlier.
a. 3 m into competent stratum i.e. Hard Rock with
CR=70% and RQD>50%.

b. 15.0 m into the rock with RQD<50%

Major Field Tests 1. Standard Penetration Test (SPT)

Major Laboratory Tests Test on Soil:

1. Grading and Index Property Tests on Soil Samples

2. Triaxial Test
3. Direct Shear Test
4. Consolidation Test
5. Chemical Analysis of Soil and Water

Test on Rock:

1. Index Property Tests on Rock Samples

2. Uniaxial Compression Test on Rock Samples
3. Point Load Tests

All the in-situ tests, sampling and laboratory tests should be carried out as per the specifications given
in this document and relevant Indian standards. The depth of the bore hole in the bore log must be
supplemented with the reduced levels derived from the given bench mark. Bore log data should be
submitted in standard format, periodically after the completion of exploration in each bore hole. The
detailed report incorporating the laboratory and field test results along with recommendation should be
submitted soon after the completion of the investigations.
 APPENDIX - 1

GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS PLANLAYOUT BOREHOLES LOCATION

WITH COORDINATES
(DELD15021-SHT-30-PH01-G-2011 & DELD15021-SHT-30-PH01-G-2011)