NAME: ZORINA ZOKIA BI ID: s11143888

BI 309 ONLINE LAB 6- COUNTING OF WBC’s AND RBC’s FROM NON HUMAN
BLOOD (HEMATOLOGY 1)
AIM

The main aim of this lab is to total the number of white blood cells and the red blood cells
from the samples of non-human blood.

INTRODUCTION

The blood is a liquid connective tissue comprising of plasma and platelets that is circled by
the heart through the vertebrate vascular framework, conveying gases, supplements
furthermore, squander for the support of homeostasis. Blood cells are formed and mature
primarily in the bone marrow and, under normal conditions, are released into the bloodstream
as needed. Red blood cells, which is also known as erythrocytes, are delivered in the bone
marrow and discharged into the circulatory system when they develop. They contain
hemoglobin, a protein that transports Oxygen from lungs to all through the body and expels
carbon dioxide from fleshy tissue back to the lungs to be breathed out [ CITATION Moo17 \l
1033 ]. The average life expectancy of a RBC is 120 days. About 40% of the volumes of the
blood are made out of red blood cells (RBC) or erythrocytes and under 1% is made out of
leukocytes and thrombocytes. White blood cells, likewise called leukocytes, are cells that
exist in the blood, the lymphatic framework, and tissues and are a significant piece of the
body's normal safeguard (insusceptible) framework. They help ensure against diseases and
furthermore have a job in aggravation, and unfavorably susceptible responses. There are five
distinct kinds of WBCs and every ha an alternate capacity. They incorporate neutrophils,
lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. Therefore, this test decides the quantity
of RBC (millions) and WBC (thousands) in one microliter (µl) of blood.

MATERIALS AND MEHOD

As per the lab handout
RESULTS
Checker boards showing results for RBC’s Counting -Trial 1
7 11 12 11 14 11 11 15
10 10 11 7 18 14 15 9
14 11 18 8 9 16 13 15
12 20 10 9 15 12 11 12

UR: ____181_______ UL:

__210________
11 9 13 7
6 12 14 4
11 12 9 6
10 14 15 9
C: ____162_______

11 9 17 10 11 9 12 9
9 12 8 11 6 16 15 12
12 13 12 12 15 13 11 13
9 8 7 7 3 11 9 11

LR: ____167_______ LL:

____176_______

Checker boards showing results for RBC’s Counting - Trial 2

11 9 12 8 9 15 16 6
7 16 15 13 13 11 14 8
14 14 10 13 10 17 13 12
3 10 9 1 13 7 8 15

UR: __165_________ UL:

___187_______
9 10 9 8
12 17 15 7
6 6 13 9
8 8 14 2
C: ___153________

9 11 11 9 13 14 11 7
14 20 20 8 12 13 12 13
13 18 15 14 10 10 21 10
9 6 10 3 11 11 9 11
LR: ___190_______ LL: __188

Results showing checker boards for WBC’s Counting -Trial 1

5 2 4 4 2 1 4 3
2 5 2 5 3 4 1 4
2 4 5 2 3 3 3 6
3 3 6 2 3 4 2 1

UR: _ 56__________ UL:

__47_________

3 1 0 3 6 1 5 4
3 2 4 4 1 1 0 4
6 5 4 5 1 2 0 3
2 0 3 3 2 1 2 3

LR: 48__________ LL:

__36_________

Results showing checker boards for WBC’s Counting -Trial 2

1 1 3 1 1 0 0 0
1 0 3 7 0 0 1 0
7 4 0 8 1 0 1 2
1 2 3 2 0 1 3 1

UR: ___44________ UL:

__11_________

1 3 2 2 4 4 4 3
3 3 0 3 1 3 4 5
2 6 5 4 3 2 3 6
1 3 3 4 3 3 4 8

LR: ___45________ LL:

____60______

Table 1 showing result calculation for RBCs Counting

Squares Trial-1 Trial-2

 UR 181 165
UL 210 187
C 162 153
LR 167 190
LL 176 188
Average X value = 889.5  

RBCs per µl of blood = x X 10,000

= 889.5 X 10,000 = 8895,000 µl
Table 2 showing result calculation for WBCs Counting

Squares Trial-1 Trial-2

UR 56 44
UL 47 11
LR 48 45
LL 36 60
Average y value = 173.5

WBCs per µl of blood = y X 10,000

= 173.5 X 50
= 8,675 µl
DISCUSSION OF RESULT
In our lab result we conducted red blood cell and white blood cell counts from the blood
sample of non-human and looking at our result tables 1 and 2 it can be stated that there are
significant differences on the number of WBCs and RBCs count. RBCs have higher blood
cell counts compared to WBCs. Red blood cells have higher average values for their blood
count that is 889.5 whereas white blood cells have their average count value as 173.5. for the
RBCs count as shown in table 1 that Upper Right value for trial 1(181) is greater than trial
2(165), the Upper Left is 210 for trial 1 and 187 for trial 2, Central value for trial 1 is 162 and
trial 2 is 153. Moving on, Lower Right is (167,190) and the Lower Left values are (176,188)
respectively. Furthermore, in table 2 WBCs count Upper Right is (56, 44), Upper Left is (47,
11), Lower Right (48,45) and the Lower Left is (36,60) for trial 1 and trial 2 respectively.

ABSTRACT 1 – “Sample stability for complete blood cell count using the Sysmex XN
hematological analyser”

Daves et al. (2015) the steadiness of hematological testing utilizing Sysmex XN in tests that
were kept for as long as 24 hours at various temperatures. Hematological tests were
completed on entire blood tests that were attained from 16 undoubtedly healthy outpatients
following assortment and 3 h, 6 h or 24 h thereafter, together with triple aliquots put away at
room temperature, 4 °C or 37 °C. No significant tendency was seen following 3 hours under
different stockpiling conditions, separated for red platelet dissemination width (RDW) and
platelet check (impedance method, PLT-I) at 37 °C. After 6 h, huge inclination was watched
for mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume at room temperature, RBC
tally, mean corpuscular hemoglobin focus at 4 °C, and RBC, RDW, MCHC, MCH and PLT-I
at 37 °C. Following 24 hours, a significant inclination was distinguished for MCHC, MCV,
platelet tally (fluorescent procedure, PLT-F) and mean platelet volume (MPV) at room
temperature, MCHC, MCV, PLT-I and MPV at 4 °C, and all parameters with the exception
of RBC tally and MPV at 37 °C.

ABSRACT 2 – “Comprehensive haematological indices reference intervals for a healthy

Omani population: First comprehensive study in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and
Middle Eastern countries based on age, gender and ABO blood group comparison”

Al-Mawali et al, (2018) researched the impacts of instrument type, age, sexual orientation,
and blood bunch on the Full Blood Count reference interims in solid benefactors of the
Omani populace as they introduced to the Central Blood Bank. Reference breaks were
resolved for 17 hematology parameters which included red blood cells, white blood cells, and
platelet parameters. Red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), haematocrit (HCT), platelet
and platelet haematocrit counts of the sound supporters were basically one of a kind among
guys and females at all ages (p < 0.05), with guys having higher mean estimations of RBC,
HGB and HCT than females. Other complete blood all out parameters showed no colossal
complexities between sexual directions, age, instruments, or blood gatherings. This
examination showed a lower hemoglobin limit for the ordinary reference interval in guys and
females than the at present used in Oman.

Significance of counting the RBCs and WBCs

Counting of RBCs and WBCs are important because it is used to evaluate the overall health
and discover a wide variety of disorders, including anemia, infection and leukemia. If the
RBCs are low in the body than it can cause anemia and if it is higher than normal than it can
cause heart disease. Likewise, when there is low white blood cell count than it may cause
leukopenia, and higher WBCs can cause infection or inflammation, immune system disorder
or a bone marrow disease.
ANSWERS FOR QUESTIONS

1. 1mm
2. L rule is used to avoid double counting of the cells.
3. = 8895,000 X 10,000
= 8.895 X 10¹⁰
4. = 8675 X 50
= 433,750
CONCLUSION

After completing this lab, it can be concluded that I have learnt a lot about the red blood cells
and the white blood cells. I have learnt how to count the number of white blood cells and the
red blood cells from the blood samples and analyzing & interpreting the data using checker
board and in tabulated form. This lab exercise has taught me the different roles that the blood
cells carry inside the body and also the importance of counting the red blood cells and white
blood cells.

QUESTIONS

1. Why do we have to ensure that there is no trapping of air bubbles when pipetting
Thomas fluid for WBC and Haymes fluid for RBC?
2. Why is it necessary to discard a couple of diluted blood before charging the grid
chamber?
3. Why it is not easy to count RBCs in central primary square?
4. Which components of the blood provide the major defense for our bodies against
invading bacteria and viruses?
5. What is the role of the red blood cell and the white blood cells?
6. Why RBCs do not require staining?

References
Al-Mawali, A., Pinto, A. D., Al- Busaidi, R., Al- Lawati, H. R., & Morsi, M. (2018).
Comprehensive haematological indices reference intervals for a healthy Omani
population: First comprehensive study in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and
Middle Eastern countries based on age, gender and ABO blood group comparison.
PLOS ONE, 13(4). Retrieved May 8, 2020, from
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0194497
Daves, M. Z. (2015). Sample stability for complete blood cell count using the Sysmex XN
haematological analyser. Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue, 13(4), 576-582.
Retrieved May 8, 2020, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26057491
Moores, D. (2017). Complete Blood Count (CBC). Retrieved from Healthline:
https://www.healthline.com/health/cbc