11 WHAT IS THIS MODULE ALL ABOUT?

Contemporary Philippine Arts

This module serves as a learning resource material in understanding the
target competency expected in the curriculum.

from the Regions TOPIC

 Philippine Literature forms, elements
Philippine Literature: Forms, and principles

Elements and Principles

CONTENT STANDARD
 Understanding of the significant roles of the artists from the regions.

LEARNING COMPETENCY

CAR11/12CAP-0c-e-4

Copyright 2019 CAR11/12CAP-0c-e-6

The presented activities or exercises and texts are

developed in order to meet the following objectives:

1. Recognizes the different contemporary literature forms, elements and

principles

2. Researches on various contemporary literature from the regions.

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3. Evaluates contemporary literature forms based on elements and B. Setting
C. Plot
principles. D. Tone
6. It is the scenery or environment usually tells the time and place of the
PRE-TEST
story.
Read the following items carefully. Write the letter of your answer. A. Plot
B. Character
1. It is a form of any narrative or informative work that deals, in part or in C. Setting
whole, with information or events that are not factual, but rather, D. Rhythm
imaginary.
A. Non-fiction 7. Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo are long narrative with an
B. Fiction oragnized plot with a maximum of 500 pages. These are examples of
C. Poetry A. Fable
D. Drama B. Allegory
C. Novel
2. Philippine ancient folktales are literary works transmitted from one D. Novelette
generation to another verbally. These are considered as
A. Written Literature 8. It is a narrative poem dealing with the emotions of phrase of life and the
B. Visual Literature story is told in a simple, straightforward and realistic manner.
C. Oral Literature A. Epic
D. Performed Literature B. Ballad
C. Idyll
3. If a person will write his life story, he is writing a/an D. Metrical Romance
A. Anecdote
B. Autobiography 9. A genre of poetry that expresses personal and emotional feelings of the
C. Biography speaker.
D. Magazine A. Drama
B. Lyric
4. The story that is used by Jesus in teaching the Good News. C. Narrative
A. Parable D. Epic
B. Novel
C. Allegory 10. The central organizing principle that animates the story or poem. It is
D. Fable the writer’s way of looking at his subject.
A. theme
5. The series of events of story based on cause and effect and provocative B. style
scenes. C. Tone
A. Character D. Symbolism

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 __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__

LET’S LEARN

LET’S SEE WHAT YOU ALREADY KNOW

Study and analyze this picture.
You have learned that literature is a body of written works. Those
imaginative works having excellence of form or expression and expressing
ideas of permanent or universal interest.
Philippine Literature is a diverse and rich group of works that has
evolved side –by-side with the country’s history.
Starting from fables and legends made by ancient Filipinos long before the
arrival of Spanish influence. The main themes of Philippine Literature
focus on the country’s pre-colonial cultural traditions and socio-political
histories of its colonial and contemporary traditions.
Aside from the different categories that you have learned, literature
is divided and categorized into various forms, divisions, and genre.

FORMS OF LITERATURE
A. ORAL LITERATURE – literary works transmitted from one
generation to another verbally.
B. WRITTEN LITERATURE – literary works in printed form
C. VISUAL LITERATURE – literary works presented in front of an
audience
Process Questions
1. What is the picture all about?
I. DIVISIONS OF LITERATURE
____________________________________________
A. PROSE - is the most typical form of language, applying ordinary
__________________________________________________________________________
grammatical structure and natural flow of speech rather than rhythmic
_
structure (as in traditional poetry). Most writing that is not poetry, drama
2. How will you categorize this picture based on art type? Why?
or a song is considered as prose
__________________________________________________________________________
_
__________________________________________________________________________ 1. Fiction - is the form of any narrative or informative work that
_ deals, in part or in whole, with information or events that are not factual,
3. What do you think is the significance of this piece of work to Filipinos? but rather, imaginary—that is, invented by the author. Although fiction
describes a major branch of literary work, it may also refer to theatrical,

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cinematic or musical work. Fiction contrasts with non-fiction, which deals
exclusively with factual (or, at least, assumed factual) events, descriptions,
observations, etc. (e.g., biographies, histories)
a. Fairytale – story about kings, queens, princes and princesses with a
touch of magic.
b. Mythology – story about gods and goddesses
c. Legend – story about the origin of a place or a thing. A legend often
reflects a people’s identity or cultural values.
d. Novel – a long narrative with an organized plot usually with a maximum
of 500 pages. A has several interrelated themes and several settings
e. Novelette – a narrative with an organized plot usually with a maximum of
300 pages
f. Short Story – a narrative with an organized plot usually with a maximum
of 100 pages
g. Fable – story that uses animals as characters and with moral lesson
h. Parable – story used by Jesus in teaching the Good News
i. Allegory – story that uses symbolism to represent an idea
2. Non-Fiction –is a prose writing that presents and explains ideas or
that tells about real people, places, objects, or events. The non-fiction
writer tries to present what is true and accurate without imaginary or
invented additions.
a. Autobiography – life story of a person written by himself
b. Biography – life story of a person written by another person
c. Newspaper – collection of news articles about various current events
d. Magazine – collection of articles regarding the lifestyle of man
e. Journal (Diary)– daily record of personal events
f. Planner – daily record of business commitments
g. Anecdote – a brief, revealing account of an individual person or an
incident.
B. POETRY - (from the Greek poiesis — ποίησις — with a broad
meaning of a "making", seen also in such terms as "hemopoiesis"; more
narrowly, the making of poetry) is a form of literary art which uses the
aesthetic qualities of language to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place
of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.
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1. Narrative - is a form of poetry which tells a story, often making use
of the voices of a narrator and characters as well; the entire story is usually
written in metered verse. The poems that make up this genre may be short
or long, and the story it relates to may be complex. It is usually dramatic,
with objectives, diverse characters, and meter. Narrative poems include
epics, ballads, idylls and lays.
a. Epic – a narrative poem about supernatural powers possessed by
heroes and heroines
b. Ballad – a narrative poem with harmony and rhythm
c. Idyll – a narrative poem about rustic life
d. Metrical Romance – a narrative poem dealing with the emotions or
phase of life and the story is told in a simple, straightforward and realistic
manner
2. Lyric - is a genre of poetry that expresses personal and emotional
feelings of a single speaker. It does not tell a story.
a. Song – a lyric poem intended to be sung, with melodious harmony
and rhythm
b. Sonnet – a lyric poem consisting of 14 iambic pentameter lines
c. Ode – a lyrical poem praising or glorifying an event or individual,
describing nature intellectually as well as emotionally.
d. Elegy – a lament for the dead
3. Drama - is the specific mode of fiction represented in performance. The
term comes from a Greek word meaning "action" (Classical Greek: δρᾶμα,
drama), which is derived from "to do," "to act" (Classical Greek: δράω, draō).
The enactment of drama in theatre, performed by actors on a stage before
an audience, presupposes collaborative modes of production and a
collective form of reception. The structure of dramatic texts, unlike other
forms of literature, is directly influenced by this collaborative production
and collective reception.
a. Historical – a theatrical play with historical plot
b. Comedy – a theatrical play with a happy ending
c. Tragedy – a theatrical play with the death of some major
characters
 LET’S TRY THIS AND SELF-CHECK

B. Directions: Complete the table. Look for sample work of each famous
author. Identify its form, division, genre and the region where it is known.
A. Directions: Make a research about contemporary Philippine literature forms from
different regions. Write down in each petal the title of the literature piece and the region Author Title Form Division Genre Region
Amado V.
where it is found. Hernandez

Sionil Jose
Ginaw Bilog
Federico
Fable myth
Legend Caballero
NVM
Gonzales

Parable Short
Novel story LET’S STUDY AND ANALYZE THESE

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 The basic literary elements are plot (the series of events),
characters (persons involved in the story),theme (main idea or central
point), and setting (the time and place of action ).
The tone is the central organizing principle that animates the Place
story of poem. It is the writer’s way of looking at his subject.
Some considerations are the author’s point of view or position in
telling the story, the symbolism used through allegory, imagery or
metaphors, the style in language, rhythm in case of poetry and the
Plot
figures of speech. These aid in the discussion of and understanding of a
work of literature as basic categories of critical analysis. Conflict

Directions: Search for the work of F. Sionil Jose and Nick Joaquin, two of Key events
the most awarded writers in Philippine contemporary literature. Analyze
and evaluate their works based on the elements given. Use the given format
below.

1. Tong by F. Sionil José Climax

https://ischoolsericsonalieto.wordpress.com/2010/12/29/tong-by-f-
sionil-jose/

Resolution
2. May day eve by Nick Joaquin

http://www.seasite.niu.edu/tagalog/literature/short%20stories/may

%20day%20eve.htm
Tone

Title: Analysis and Evaluation

Characters
Point of view

Setting

Time

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 LET’S LEARN

Let us now generalize what you have learned. Complete the diagram.

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 LET’S SEE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED POST TEST

Read the following items carefully.

Autobiography is a written story of an author’s own life. Write the letter of your answer.
Create another literature form which conveys the story of your own
life. Give focus on the different elements and principles that you have
learned. Choose from the given genre. 1. Alamat ng Pinya and the Legend of Mariang Makiling are examples of
a. fable narrative or informative work that deals with information or events that are
b. legend not factual, but rather, imaginary. They are considered as
c. poetry A. Non-fiction
B. Fiction
C. Poetry
D. Drama

Rubrics
2. Philippine ancient folktales are literary works transmitted from one
generation to another verbally. These are considered as
criteria Outstanding Satisfactory Developing Beginning rating
A. Written Literature
(4) (3) (2) (1)
Originality 35% B. Visual Literature
C. Oral Literature
Creativity 35% D. Performed Literature

Content 30% 3. The teacher ask you to write your autobiography. You ar going to
and A. Write another person’s story
grammar B. Write your own life story
C. Record your personal event
D. Record your business commitment

4. The story that is used by Jesus in teaching the Good News.

A. Parable
B. Novel
C. Allegory
D. Fable

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 A. novel
5. The main idea or central point of a literary selection. B. short story
A. Character C. fable
B. Setting D. allegory
C. Plot
D. Theme LET’S REMEMBER

6. It is the scenery or environment usually tells the time and place of the
story.
A. Plot
B. Character
C. Setting Literature is categorized into different forms such as oral
D. Rhythm literature, written literature and visual literature. It is divided further into
prose (natural flow of speech) and poetry (uses aesthetic qualities of
7. It is a narrative poem dealing with the emotions of phrase of life and the language)
story is told in a simple, straightforward and realistic manner.
A. Epic Prose are subdivided into fiction (events are not factual and
B. Ballad imaginary) such as fairytales, mythology, legend, novel, novelette, short
C. Idyll story, fable, parable, and allegory and non-fiction (events and other
D. Metrical Romance elements are true, accurate and not imaginary such as autobiography,
biography, newspaper, magazine, journal, planner and anecdote.
8. Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo are long narrative with an
oragnized plot with a maximum of 500 pages. These are examples of
Poetry are subdivided into narrative poems which includes epics,
A. Fable
ballads, idylls, lays and metrical romance; lyric which include song,
B. Allegory sonnet, ode and elegy; and drama which includes historical, comedy and
C. Novel tragedy.
D. Novelette

The basic literary elements are plot (the series of events),

9. A genre of poetry that expresses personal and emotional feelings of the
characters (persons involved in the story), theme (main idea or central
speaker.
point), and setting (the time and place of action).
A. Drama
B. Lyric
The tone is the central organizing principle that animates the
C. Narrative
story or poem. It is the writer’s way of looking at his subject.
D. Epic

10. Tong by F. Sionil Jose and May Day Eve by Nick Joaquin are Some other considerations are the author’s point of view or
examples of a position in telling the story, the symbolism used through allegory, imagery

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or metaphors, the style in language, rhythm in case of poetry and the
figures of speech. These aid in the discussion of and understanding of a
work of literature as basic categories of critical analysis.

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