INSTITUCION EDUCTATIVA JOSÉ MARÍA BERNAL

II TALLER DE APOYO PEDAGÓGICO

DOCENTE: Luz Estella Rodas Angel

AREA HUMANIDADES- INGLÉS GRADO 8· 2020

EJE TEMATICO: Formación de los grados del adjetivo

OBJETIVO : Aplicar correctamente comparativos y superlativos.
INDICADORES DE DESEMPEÑO: Compara características en personas, objetos y situaciones
en un contexto determinado.
TIEMPO ESTIMADO: tres horas (3) clases
Evaluaciòn: la siguiente guía será evaluada de acuerdo a los lineamientos institucionales, es
decir se tendrá en cuenta:
Puntualidad en la fecha de entrega (10%).
Buena presentación, cuidado de la ortografía y normas básicas APA (10%).
Procedimental: Resuelve correctamente cada una de las actividades propuestas en la guía,
apoyándose en los conocimientos adquiridos en clase y las demás herramientas
tecnológicas y textos del área. (40%)
Originalidad, argumentación, pertinencia de las respuestas y creatividad, Elaboración
completa del taller (40%).

Observaciones Generales:
 El taller puede ser enviado al siguiente correo:
lerodas@gmail.com
 En el asunto del mensaje debe escribir: Taller N°1 y el nombre completo del estudiante y el
grado.
 El taller también puede ser elaborado a mano y presentado en hojas de block con normas
Apa.

LOS ADJETIVOS EN INGLÉS Part one

En primer lugar recordemos lo que es un adjetivo….

Adjetivo es o son aquellas palabras que califican a un sustantivo; es decir son aquellas
palabras que dan características ya sean positivas, negativas, de tamaño, de material, de
origen etc.
de un sustantivo.
Aprovechemos entonces para recordar que es un sustantivo… Sustantivo el la persona,
lugar, objeto o idea de quien voy a hablar.

Ejemplo: vamos a hablar de la mascota más preferida por la mayoría de personas: el perro
(sustantivo)
Las cualidades que demos sobre el perro son los adjetivos, Así:

Perro: hermoso, tierno, peludo, fiel, bravo, pequeño, grande

Sustantivo adjetivos

Así mismo estos adjetivos poseen dos grados: COMPARATIVO Y SUPERLATIVO

 Grado comparativo: como su nombre lo indica sirve para comparar una cosa con
otra.
Con las expresiones mas que o menos que.

Tu eres más alto que tu hermano

Ella es mas bella que su prima.

 El grado superlativo, sirve para poner en un grado de superioridad o de inferioridad

la característica o cualidad.

Se emplean las expresiones el más o el menos, así:

Juan es atractivo ---------- adjetivo

Pedro es mas atractivo que Juan -----------comparativo
Pero Alex es el más atractivo de los tres --------superlativo.

Erika es bonita --------------- -------- adjetivo

Luz Mary es más bonita -------------- comparativo
Catalina es la más bonita ------------- superlativo

En ingles existen tres reglas para formar los grados comparativos y superlativos y éstas
son:

1. Si el adjetivo es monosílabo ( una sola silaba) se le añade la partícula er al

comparativo y la partícula est al superlativo. Miremos:

Adjetivo Comparativo Superlativo

Tall Taller Tallest
Large Larger Largest
Big Bigger Biggest
 High Higher Highest
Fast Faster Fastest

Por ejemplo: 
 John is taller than his brother  / John is the tallest of his brothers → John es más alto que
su hermano / John es el más alto de sus hermanos.

 That car is bigger than mine / That car is the biggest of the parking lot  → Ese auto es
mas grande que el mío / Ese auto es el más grande el estacionamiento.

Si el adjetivo es dos o más sílabas, a diferencia de los anteriores, a estos adjetivos en inglés
no se les agrega ninguna terminación, sino que en la oración, antes del adjetivo, se coloca
la palabra "more" en caso de los comparativos y "most" en el caso de los superlativos.
 
Adjetivo Comparativo Superlativo
Important more important most important
Expensive more expensive most expensive
Intelligent more intelligent most intelligent
Beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
 
Por ejemplo:
 Mike's project is more creative than Sara's. / The most creative project will win the
contest → El proyecto de Mike es más creativo que el de Sara. / El proyecto más creativo ganará el
concurso.

 My house is more expensive than yours. / This is the most expensive house of the

neighborhood → Mi casa es más costosa que la tuya. / Esta es la casa más costosa del vecindario.
 
2. También existen adjetivos irregulares en inglés, que no se rigen por las reglas
mencionadas anteriormente. Estos tienen sus propios grados omparativos y superlativos.
Algunos de estos son:
 
Adjetivo Comparativo Superlativo
Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Little Less Least
Much More Most
 
Por ejemplo:
 Today is the worst day I've had in a long time. → Hoy es el peor día que he tenido en
mucho tiempo.
 You play tennis better than I do. → Juegas al tenis mejor que yo.
 This is the least expensive sweater in the store. →  Este es el suéter menos costoso en la
tienda.
 He won the most important race → Él ganó la carrera más importante

I LISTEN AND
I CREATE
1. LISTEN TO THE SONG, WRITE THE ADJECTIVES YOU FIND, APART REALIZE THE
GRADES COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES OF EACH ADJECTIVE.

2. ANALIZE THE SONG AND TELL ABOUT IT.

3. DRAW YOUR IDEAS ABOUT THE SONG.

THE LOGICAL SONG – SUPERTRAMP

When I was young, it seemed that life was so wonderful,

a miracle, oh it was beautiful, magical.
And all the birds in the trees, well they’d be singing so happily,
joyfully, playfully watching me.
But then they send me away to teach me how to be sensible,
logical, responsable, practical.
And they showed me a World where I could be so dependable,
clinical, intellectual, cynical.

There are times when all the world’s asleep,

The questions run too deep for such a simple man
Won’t you please, please tell me what we’ve learned
I know it sounds absurd but please tell me who I am.

Now watch what you say or they’ll be calling you a radical,

liberal, fanatical, crimininal.
Won’t you sign up your name, we’d like to feel you’re
acceptable, respectable, presentable, a vegetable!

At night, when all the world’s asleep,

The questions run so deep for such a simple man
Won’t you please, please tell me what we’ve learned
I know it sounds absurd but please tell me who I am.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fBoYZqmcZuc
 Comparisons Part two

1a. JOHN IS LIKE HIS FATHER

(Comparisons with LIKE, THE SAME AS, DIFFERENT FROM)

1b. JOHN IS THE SAME HEIGHT AS PAUL. HE IS AS TALL AS PAUL

HE WALKS AS SLOWLY AS PAUL.
(Comparisons with THE SAME…AS, AS…AS)

2. JOHN IS OLDER THAN PAUL. HE IS MORE INTERESTING THAN PAUL.

(distribution of –ER THAN and MORE…THAN)

3 JOHN IS THE OLDEST. HE IS THE MOST IN TERESTING

(distribution of THE…-EST and THE MOST…)

I LEARN

1a. *Use LIKE, THE SAME AS, DIFFERENT(LY) FROM TO COMPARE TWO PERSONS OR
THINGS.
*Use AS (not THAT) in THE SAME AS. Use FROM (not OF) in DIFFERENT FROM.*

 You will also hear: “A notebook is DIFFERENT THAN a book.

EXAMPLES
- My house is large and white and yours is too. There is no difference. MY HOUSE IS THE SAME
AS YOURS.
- John’s book and Mary’s book are very similar. All parts of the books are similar. JOHN’S BOOK
IS LIKE MARY’S.
- This book is red. It’s very small. That one is black. It’s big. THIS BOOK IS DIFFERENT FROM
THAT ONE.

1b.*Use THE SAME…AS with words like COLOR, SIZE, AGE not preceded by MANY, MUCH,
LITTLE, FEW.
*Use AS…AS with words like BROWN, LARGE, OLD ;like CLEARLY, RAPIDLY and with the
quantity words MANY,
MUCH, LITTLE, FEW.
Notice that AS is used after all of these. Don’t use THAT in this case.
*Use AS RAPIDLY AS POSSIBLE. Don’t say “the most rapidly posible”

EXAMPLES
- length THIS PENCIL IS THE SAME LENGTH AS THAT ONE.
- long THIS PENCIL IS AS LONG AS THAT ONE.
- thickness THIS BOOK IS THE SAME THICKNESS AS THAT ONE.
- thiick THIS BOOK IS AS THICK AS THAT ONE.
- price THIS SUIT IS THE SAME PRICE AS THAT ONE.
- big THIS CHAIR IS AS BIG AS THAT ONE.

2. *Use MORE -with long words like EXPENSIVE, CAREFUL.

-with words like CAREFULLY, CLEARLY (ending in -ly).
-with words like MONEY, FOOD, BOOKS, FRIENDS, etc.
-as substitute for MONEY, FOOD, etc.

*Use – ER -with words of one syllable like TALL, OLD, HARD.

-with BUSY, HAPPY, HEAVY, EASY, LASY, PRETTY, EARLY, FRIENDLY
(ending in –Y or in –LY).

*Use BETTER as the –ER form of GOOD and of WELL.

*Use WORSE as the –ER form of BAD and BADLY.

*Use THAN (not THAT) in all these comparisons.

NOTE 1. LESS is the contrary of MORE

A small cari s LESS expensive than a big one
NOTE 2. The modifiers MUCH, EVEN, STILL, A LOT, A GREAT DEAL, SOMEWHAT, A LITTLE,
ALIGHTLY, precede MORE EXPENSIVE, MORE CAREFUL, TALLER, etc.
NOTE 3. You will sometimos hear IS, DO, DID, CAN, etc. At the end of the sentences found in
frames 1ª, 1b, and 2.

EXAMPLES

2.1 slow JOHN IS SLOWER THAN PAUL.

slowly JOHN WALKS MORE SLOWWLY THAN PAUL.
interesting JOHN IS MORE INTERESSTING THAN PAUL.

2.2 John is six feet tall and Paul is too

JOHN IS AS TALL AS JOHN
John is six feet tall. Mary is six feet tall.
JOHN IS TALLER THAN MARY
Jane’s sister is interesting. Jane is very interesting
JANE IS MORE INTERESTING THAN HER SISTER.
This car is costly. The other car is very costil.
THE OTHER CAR IS COSTLIER THAN THIS ONE
Mary is interesting and Jane is too.
MARY IS AS INTERESTING AS JANE,

2.3 harder than a rock OUR BREAD IS HARDER THAN A ROCK

Sharper than a razor MY KNIFE IS SHARPER THAN A RAZOR.
Quieter than a Mouse JOHN IS QUIETER THAN A MOUSE.

3 *Use THE MOST with the same words as MORE (frame 2): Long words like EXPENSIVE,
CAREFULLY, ending in LY;
WORDS LIKE Money, food; as substitute for MONEY, FOOD, etc.

*Use THE –EST with the same words as –ER (frame 2): words of one syllable like TALL, OLD;
BUSY, HAPPY, etc.;
ending in –Y or –LY.
 *Use BEST as the “–EST form” of GOOD and WELL. Use WORST as the “-EST form of BAD
and BADLY

Use THE before MOST and befote –EST forms.

NOTE: LEAST is the contrary of most

This one is the cheapest. It is the LEAST expensive.
That one is the oldest. It is the LEAST beautiful

EXAMPLES.
Easy THIS IS THE EASIEST LESSON.
Difficult THIS IS THE MOST DIFFICULT LESSON
Long THIS IS THE LONGEST LESSON.
Quickly JOHN ANSWERED THE MOST QUICKLY

I PRACTICE… PART THREE

1. *Imagine the following situation. You are to compare one tree with several other trees. Use
the following words and the expressions of comparison AS…AS and SAME…AS. For example

Size THIS TREE IS THE SAME SIZE AS THOSE

type THIS TREE IS THE SAME TYPE AS THOSE
big THIS TREE IS AS BIG AS THOSE
Tall THIS TREE IS AS TALL AS THOSE

beautiful color short old eight shape age big size

tall go
2. Look at the pictures and form statements with expressions of comparison.

PETER PAUL JOHN MARY

FOR EXAMPLE
Tell about John and Peter. Use the Word HAPPY.
PETER IS HAPPIER THAN JOHN

-Tell abut John and Mary. Use the Word TALL.

-Tell about Meter and John. Use the Word TALL.
-Tell about Mary and Peter. Use the Word SMALL.
-Tell about John and Paul. Use the Word SHORT.
-Tell about Paul and John Use the Word HAPPY.
-Tell about Paul and Mary. Use the Word RAPIDLY.
-Tell about Paul. Use the Word RAPIDLY.
-Tell about Paul. Use the Word FAST.
-Tell about Paul and John. Use the Word OLD.
-Tell about Mary and Petear. Use the Word YOUNG.
-Tell about paul. Use the Word OLD.
-Tel about Mary. Use the Word BEAUTIFUL.

3. Look at the Picture and produce statementes with expressions of comparison .

JOHN’S CAR MARY’S CAR.

Mr, WHITE´S CAR

MR. BROWN’S CAR

John bought a 1950 model car yesterday and Mary did too.
Mr, White bought a 1918 model car
Mr. Brown bought a 1960 model car

EXAMPLE:

Tell about Mr. White car and John’s car. Use the Word OLD.

-Tell about Mary’s car and Mr. White’s car. Use the Word RAPIDLY
-Tell about Johns’ car and Mary’s car. Use the Word MODEL
-Tell about Mr. Brown’s car and Mr. White car. Use the Word NEW
-Tell about Mary’s car and John’s car. Use the Word OLD
-Tell about Mr. Brown’s car and Mary’s car. Use the Word FAST.
-Tell about Mr. Brown’s car and Mr. White’s car. Use the Word BEAUTIFUL.
-Tell about Mr. White’s car and John’s car. Use the Word EXPENSIVE.
-Tell about Mr. White’s car and John’s car. Use the Word SHORT.

4 FLIGHT SCHEDULE

FLIGHT No. DEPARTURE DESTINATION

3810 14:30 SAN FRANCISCO
6166 23:50 DENVER
5218 2045 DALLAS
4962 18:20 CHICAGO
7215 9:05 NEW YORK

A. The latest flight is the one to Chicago.

B. The latest flight is the one to Denver.
C. The best flight is the one to Dallas.
D. The best flight is the one to New York.

The grapes of wrath, a novel about the Depresión years is the 1930?s, is one of John
Steinbeck’s__________books.
A. most famous
B. the most famous
C. are most famous
D. And most famous

Hellium is _____all gases to liquefy and is imposible to solidify at normal air pressure.
A. more than difficult
B. the most difficult of
C. more difficult
D. most difficult