Unit 4, Part II: Personality; Practice Questions

1. The psychoanalytic perspective emphasizes the influence of ____ on personality.

a. unconscious desires c. self-actualization

b. traits d. environmental factors

2. Maria often feels guilty when she engages in even the slightest offensive behaviour.
Freud would say that she has a strong _____.

a. id c. superego
b. ego d. collective unconscious

3. One of the major criticisms of Freud’s theory is its ____.

a. overemphasis on environmental and cognitive factors in explaining behaviour.

b. difficulty in being experimentally tested and validated.
c. emphasis on the unconscious.
d. assumption that all people are good.

4. The trait perspective emphasizes the influence of ____ on personality.

a. unconscious impulses b. internal tendencies

c. self-actualization d. environmental factors

5. Terrence is outgoing in most situations. Allport would describe this tendency in

Terrence as a _____.

a. source trait c. cardinal trait

b. secondary trait d. central trait

6. Which of the following is NOT considered one of the “big five” traits of personality?

a. achievement c. conscientiousness
b. extraversion d. agreeableness

7. The social cognitive perspective emphasizes the influence of ___ on personality.

a. unconscious impulses c. self-actualization

b. internal tendencies d. patterns of thoughts

8. Dylan is sure he will do poorly on his next psychology exam. Dylan often thinks this
way in regard to his academic studies. Bandura would say that Dylan has ____.

a. low self-esteem c. an internal locus of control

b. low self-efficacy d. reciprocal determinism
Unit 4, Part II: Personality; Practice Questions

9. Juanita believes that finding a job is a matter of being in the right place at the right
time. Rotter would classify her as having ______.

a. low self-efficacy
b. low determinism
c. an internal locus of control
d. an external locus of control

10. The humanistic perspective emphasizes the influence of ___ on personality.

a. unconscious impulses
b. internal tendencies
c. an actualizing tendency
d. environmental and cognitive factors

11. Which of the following elements does Rogers believe promotes self-actualization?

a. unconditional positive regard c. sympathy

b. esteem d. adaptability

12. SuLing was recently mugged. Since the mugging, she has been suspicious and
paranoid. She locks her doors at night and suffers from nightmares. Maslow would
attribute her behaviour to ____.

a. esteem needs c. belongingness needs

b. safety needs d. biological needs

13. Tamara goes to see a clinical psychologist. The psychologist asks her to look at some
vague pictures and report what she sees. Most likely Tamara is taking a ____.

a. personality inventory c. rating scale

b. projective test d. clinical interview

14. The major disadvantage of self-report instruments, such as the MMPI-2, is ____.

a. the subjective interpretation of the results by the clinician.

b. respondents may not tell the truth.
c. the scoring criteria are vague and unreliable.
d. there are no norms to compare one’s responses against.

15. When one goes to a clinical psychologist, the first session is most likely to involve
_____.

a. a personality testing c. hypnosis

b. a physical examination d. a clinical interview