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2020

2018

For the 8th consecutive year I have tracked the attractiveness of


Foreign Direct Investment around the world with the Global Foreign
Direct Invest Country Attractiveness Index

Riadh BEN JELILI

The 2020 Index


Contents

About the author ................................................................................... 2


The Methodology ................................................................................... 5
GFICA Ranking Country ................................................................................... 16
Profiles GFICA ................................................................................... 20

1
My name is Riadh Ben Jelili. Graduated from University of Tunis,
Faculty of Economics and Management, in 1986 with a bachelor degree
majoring in Planning and Statistics, I received as Laureate a French
Government Scholarship for excellence for three years to achieve my
doctoral studies in Economics and Econometrics. I also received a
scholarship from the prestigious research center CREST (Center for
Research in Economics and Statistics) and was member of this center
as student-researcher for three years. In 1993, I received my PhD in
Economics and Econometrics from University of Burgundy and
CREST (“Vouter” prize for the best thesis). I defended my Habilitation
Thesis in Applied Econometrics in 1999. My general
research interests are in the areas of Applied Econometrics, Industrial
Economics, Competition Policy, Migration and Remittances, Growth
and Development, Foreign Direct Investment and Trade. I’ve also
conducted extensive researches on competitiveness, manufacturing
industries and investment behavior as Expert and Advisor in Economic
Development in Tunisia and Kuwait

Since September 2012, I am the executive director of Research and Country Risk Department at the Arab Investment
and Export Guarantee Corporation (DHAMAN), an autonomous Arab regional organization established in 1974 as a
Joint-Arab agency encompassing all Arab countries and a number of Arab financial institutions with its main seat in
Kuwait. DHAMAN aims to promote capital mobility into Arab countries and to enhance Arab exports worldwide by
providing guarantee coverage to Arab and non-Arab investments in its member countries against non-commercial
risks, and to Arab export credit, against commercial and non-commercial risks. DHAMAN provides also activities
complementary to its core business, in particular the development and dissemination of research related to the
identification of investment opportunities and their conditions in the Arab countries. Between 2005-2012, I served as
an Economic Expert at the Arab Planning Institute (API). API is a capacity building and research institution dealing
with economic development problems and issues facing the Arab countries.

My publications during the last decade:

 Does FDI Affect Growth in MENA Countries? A Semi-Parametric Fixed-Effects Approach, Dhaman Working
Paper Series, January 2019.
 Déséquilibres régionaux et inégalités sociales en Tunisie ; axes et actions prioritaires, 2018, Friedrich-Ebert-
Stiftung Editeurs, Tunis, Tunisie.
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 Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect Growth in Developing Countries? A Semi-Parametric Analysis,
Dhaman Working Paper Series, February 2018.
 Has Export Credit Guarantee Any Role in Promoting Exports in Arab Countries? Dhaman Working Paper
Series, October 2018.
 Vérités brutales sur le système éducatif Tunisien, ce que révèle l’enquête PISA 2015, Tome 1 : Les faits
marquants, novembre 2016.
 Vérités brutales sur le système éducatif Tunisien, ce que révèle l’enquête PISA 2015, Tome 2 :
L’environnement d’apprentissage et le climat scolaire en Tunisie et ses régions, janvier 2017.
 Les réformes économiques en Tunisie, une urgence en quête de leadership, 248 pages, 2016, Sud Editions,
ISBN978-9938-01-095-4 .
 Réussir les réformes en Tunisie : Une question de méthode et de stratégie, Etude Joussour pour les Politiques
Publiques, Novembre 2015.
 Attention à la tertiarisation prématurée : La Tunisie a plus que jamais besoin de son industrie manufacturière,
Etude Joussour pour les Politiques Publiques, Octobre 2015.
 Determinants of Entry and Exit: Evidence from Tunisian Manufacturing Industries, in Innovation,
Globalization and Firm Dynamics, Edited by Anna Maria Ferragina, Erol Taymaz and Kamil Yilmaz,
Routlidge New York, 2014, pp.195-209.
 Access to Finance Thresholds and the Finance-Growth Nexus, Economic Papers, Volume 32, Issue 4, 2013,
pp. 522-534 (co-author Walid Abdmoulah);
 Revisiting the Finance-Growth Nexus: Further Evidence from Tunisia, Middle East Development Journal,
Volume 4, Issue 1, 2012, 15 pages.
 Tourism Competitiveness and Specialization in South Mediterranean Countries: A Panel Data Approach, (co-
author A. Abdel-Azim Ebrahim), Journal of Development and Economic Policies, vol.13, No.1, 2011.
 Learning and Productivity Performance in Arab manufacturing Industries, Journal of Development and
Economic Policies, vol.12, No.1, 2010, pp.7-30.
 Entry, Exit and Productivity in Tunisian Manufacturing Industries, (with Goaied M.) in Market Dynamics and
Productivity in Developing Countries, Edited by Khalid Sekkat, Springer, 2009, pp.73-108.
 Entry, Exit, Resource Reallocation and Productivity Growth in the Tunisian Private Manufacturing Industries,
(with M. Goaied), Middle East Development Journal, vol.1, Issue 2, December 2009, pp.189-208
 Competition, Efficiency and Competition Policy in Tunisia; in Competition and Efficiency in the Arab World,
Edited by Khalid Sekkat, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, pp.159-202.
 Normative approach of Upstream-Downstream relationships in the tourism sector: implication for the Tourism
policy of the South Mediterranean Countries, (with A. Hamoudi and H. Djoufelkit), ERF Working Paper
series N°: 200802, 2008.
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 Enjeux et problèmes du développement du tourisme dans les pays du Sud de la Méditerranée, Rapport d’étude,
Agence Française de Développement, September 2007.
 Markup Pricing and Import Competition: Has Import Disciplined Tunisian Manufacturing Firms? Journal of
Development and Economic Policies, vol.8, No.2, June 2006.
 Technical Progress and Investment in Tunisian Manufacturing Firm: Evidence from Firm Level Panel Data,
Journal of Development and Economic Policies, vol.7, No.2, June 2005.

I very welcome your feedback and suggestions to help me make GFICA Index the best it can be. Please feel free to
contact me via email

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The Methodology
Drawing out the main conclusions from the theoretical and empirical literature, the aim of my
contribution is to provide an explanation of why some countries are more attractive for foreign
investors than others and what underlies the relative attractiveness failure of some countries.
Therefore, a composite index that adequately describes a host country’s attraction for FDI is
constructed. This index, henceforth referred to as “GFICA Index”, considers all identified foremost,
measurable and comparable aspects that affect FDI decision. The index ranks a set of 109
countries, representing 97% of the world inward FDI stocks, according to their attractiveness for
receiving inward FDI. It is structured so as to provide the possibility of conducting detailed
strength and weakness analyses for countries in general and Arab countries in particular. Indeed,
16 Arab countries are part of the sample representing more than 98% of the total inward FDI
stocks into the Arab region.

Introduction
Along with the deepening international economic and financial integration over the last two
decades, the 2000s saw a significant increase in foreign direct investment (FDI) to developing
countries. The upward trend has been reversed in 2008, following the global economic slowdown
that started in the end of 2007. However, developing and transition economies, which proved
relatively immune to this global turmoil, did better than developed countries and continued to
absorb nearly half and 6 per cent of global FDI flows respectively. In these countries FDI continue
to be the most important source of foreign financing, by far surpassing inflows of official
development assistance, and other types of private capital inflows.
A review of the empirical literature on FDI determinants suggests that expected positive
externalities of FDI depends on a multitude of factors, such as the level of technology used in
domestic production in the host country, the level of education of the host country workforce,
the level of financial sector and institutional development, etc. All these factors and more
contribute to whether the host country in question can attract and hence benefit from FDI.
Obviously this multitude of factors is impossible to capture in a single economic model or
regression analysis. Drawing out the main conclusions from this empirical literature, the aim of
this modest contribution is to provide an explanation of why some countries are more attractive
for foreign investors than others and what underlies the relative attractiveness failure of the Arab
countries.
GFICA Index ranks a set of 109 countries, representing 96% and 97% of the world inward FDI
flows and stocks respectively, according to their attractiveness for receiving inward FDI. The
analyses conducted can be used by policy-makers and Investment Promotion Agencies (IPAs) to
draw conclusions on how to improve the country’s attraction for inward FDI.

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The data series selection process does not depend only on the question of what is necessary and
most adequate to assess FDI attractiveness, data availability is also considered as a constraint in
order to maximize our country sample. 60 different indicators are detected as adequate proxies
for the FDI key drivers categorized according to three major axes or pillars:
Prerequisites or initial conditions: including 23 different sub-indicators covering macroeconomic
stability, financial structure and development, public governance and business environment;
Underlying factors or factors motivating FDI: 27 factors are detected as adequate proxies to
explore the FDI key decisions of MultiNational Enterprises (MNEs) and covering the following
considerations: market access and market potential, human and natural resources, cost
components and physical infrastructures.
Differentiation and Agglomeration economies: The term agglomeration economies’ is used in
urban economics to describe the benefits that firms obtain when locating near each other. This
concept relates to the idea of economies of scale and network effects. These effects are
considered by detecting 10 different factors as proxies to the differentiation and agglomeration
economies affects.
Several databases are used with annual data ranging generally from 1980 to the latest available
year including fundamentally but not exclusively GeoDist database of CEPII, WDI database of the
World Bank, Institutional Profiles Database of the DGTPE-France, Worldwide Governance
Indicators of the World Bank, The Conference Board Total Economy Database, WIPO database,
UNCTAD STAT database, WTO database, ILO-KILM database, World Federation of Exchange
database, CDIS, DOTS, FAS, IFS and WEO databases of the IMF. To smooth fluctuation most series
or factors are averaged over a period of the last three years.
The index structure is based on three levels: the first is the level of the three pillars (prerequisites,
underlying factors, and differentiation and agglomeration economies); the second level consists
of data series or sub-factors, which are aggregated from the level three data series. The index
calculation methodology used follows the approach of Nardo et al, (2005) and can be divided into
four steps: consistency analysis, normalization, weighting and aggregation.

Index Structure
The purpose of GFICA index is to measure and study, in an ongoing manner, 8 world regions’
attraction as FDI destinations by means of quantitative indicators, while at the same time
comparing each group performance with an extended group of different countries and relevant
geographical areas. This study shall be carried out on a yearly basis, thus enabling the monitoring
of each country’s development with respect to different categories considered to cover the most
important pillars that MNEs bear in mind when making investment decisions. The index
aggregates and provides the requisite information for FDI allocation decisions. The results shall
obviously serve as a support tool in assessing the reasons boosting or slowing down foreign
investment in a considered region of the world. The attractiveness analysis benchmarks the

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attractiveness of 109 countries to receive FDI allocations representing 97% of the world inward
FDI stocks and covers a total of 60 indicators structured around 11 FDI key drivers covering three
pillars which aim to group together the main sources of competitive advantage that
internationalization offers to MNEs: Prerequisites indicators, Underlying Indicators and
Externalities Indicators. The three pillars are described below. The ranking provides the evidence
for which factors a considered region/country stands behind and has to improve them in order
to become more attractive.

Pillar I: Prerequisites
The prerequisites or required prior conditions axis includes those basic features that enable
investors to identify and exploit the sources of competitive advantage of the other two axes. It
consists of 23 indicators grouped into the following categories:
A. Uncertainty and Macroeconomic Stability:
Uncertainty Factors:
In macroeconomic applications, the term uncertainty is used mainly in two senses: there is the
statistical meaning of uncertainty in a measurement or value due to the dispersion of repeated
occurrences in the face of the same prediction, and then there is the epistemological meaning of
uncertainty in the opposite sense from likelihood or from strength of belief. Used in the second
sense, uncertainty is a measure of doubt about a single event being true or real. More precisely,
in the context of attractiveness analysis, uncertainty limits and casts doubt on what stabilization
policies and defense mechanisms of an economy can accomplish. Given the irreversible nature
of FDI, macroeconomic uncertainty also causes an increase in uncertainty about future profits,
raising the value of waiting and thus delaying investment decision. It’s approximated by 4
indicators:

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1. Real GDP growth volatility;
2. Inflation Rate;
3. Real effective exchange rate volatility;
4. Number of exchange rate crisis, crisis being defined as in Frankel and Rose (1996): a
depreciation of the (average) nominal exchange rate that exceeds 25 percent, and
exceeds the preceding year’s rate of nominal depreciation by at least 10 percent.
Macroeconomic Stability:
Macroeconomic stability basically means a mix of external and internal balance approximated
by the following indicators:
1. Current account deficit to GDP ratio;
2. Fiscal balance to GDP ratio;
3. General government gross debt to GDP ratio.
B. Financial Structure and Development:
The evaluation of financial structure and development covers the following indicators of
financial size and depth:
1. Ratio of broad money to GDP (M2 to GDP);
2. Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP);
3. Market capitalization of listed companies to GDP.
C. Public Governance:
The quality of public governance is evaluated by using the Worldwide Governance Indicators
Database. These indicators combine the views of a large number of enterprise, citizen and expert
survey respondents in industrial and developing countries. They are based on 31 individual data
sources produced by a variety of survey institutes, think tanks, non-governmental organizations,
international organizations, and private sector firms. Six dimensions of governance are covered:
Voice and Accountability
1. Political Stability and Absence of Violence
2. Government Effectiveness
3. Regulatory Quality
4. Rule of Law
5. Control of Corruption
D. Business Environment:
The business environment is covered by the following set of 7 indicators:
1. Starting a Business (Number of procedures and Time required)
2. Dealing with Construction Permits (Number of procedures and Time required)

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3. Registering Property (Number of Start-up procedures and Time required to start a
business)
4. Getting Electricity (Number of Start-up procedures and Time required to start a
business)
5. Getting Credit (Strength of legal rights and Depth of credit information)
6. Protecting Investors (Extent of disclosure index, Extent of director liability index, Ease of
shareholder suits index and Strength of investor protection index)
7. Enforcing Contracts (Number of procedures and Time required)

Pillar II: Underlying Factors


This axis includes the key aspects that MNEs take into account when making investment decision
conditional upon fulfilling the prerequisites factors. These aspects have been grouped in 4
categories: Market access and potential, Human and natural resources, costs components and
physical infrastructures.
E. Market Access, Size and Potential
One of the reasons behind FDI is access to new markets that enables the increase of MNEs’
turnovers. Investments in a particular country can represent an attempt to gain access to its
internal market, or to facilitate access to other markets of other countries. These are the factors
shown by means of the following indicators:
1. Real per capita domestic demand,
2. Domestic demand volatility,
3. Trade performance Index
4. Trade to GDP ratio,
5. Applied Tariff
6. Trading Across Borders Index (Documents to export / import, Time to export/import)
F. Human and Natural Resources
1. Total natural resources rents (% of GDP)
2. Labor Productivity Average Growth,
3. Mean years of schooling (adults),
4. Expected Years of Schooling (of children)
5. Human Development Index (HDI) value
G. Cost Components
1. Labor tax and contributions (% of commercial profits)
2. Total tax rate (% of commercial profits)
3. Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours)
4. Average cost to export and import (US$ per container)

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H. Logistics Performance
1. Customs efficiency and border clearance performance
2. Trade and transport infrastructure performance
3. International shipments performance
4. Logistics quality and competence
5. Tracking and tracing performance
6. Timeliness
7. Road density (km of road per 100 sq. km of land area)
8. Air transport index
I. Telecommunication and ICT
1. Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions
2. Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
3. Percentage of Individuals using the Internet
4. Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

Pillar III: Agglomeration Economies and Differentiation


The term “agglomeration economies” is used, as in urban economics, to describe the benefits
that MNEs obtain when locating near each other (agglomerating). This concept relates to the idea
of economies of scale and network effects. While the differentiation axis refers to the factors
that provide MNEs access to scarce resources enabling them to differentiate their products,
strategies or process from the competition and, as a result, to develop or sustain a competitive
advantage in the markets in which they operate.
J. Presence of Multinationals
1. Number of multinationals from 24 OECD countries
2. Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock
3. Total Number of BITs accumulated to the considered year
K. Innovation and Differentiation
1. Market Sophistication Index
2. Business Sophistication Index
3. Knowledge index
4. Share in total design applications (direct and via The Hague system)
5. Share in total trademark applications (direct and via The Hague system)
6. Share of total patent applications in world total (direct and PCT national phase entries)
7. E-Government Index.

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Normalization
In order to make the cross-sectional data series comparable and to realize index aggregation, the
raw data has to be converted into a common range. The re-scaling method is used to normalize
sub-indicators to such a range by the following linear transformation:

Consistency Analysis
High quality tests are important to evaluate the reliability of data supplied in a research study as
a first step of consistency analysis of the indices prior to computing composite variables and
fitting explanatory models. Cronbach’s alpha is a commonly employed statistic used to determine
the internal consistency, so the considered statistic increases as the inter-correlations among a
set of sub-indicators included in the analysis increase. A high Cronbach’s alpha (greater or equal
to the acceptable threshold value 0.7) is an indication that the considered set of indices proxy
the desired key variable well.
The other two measures commonly used for consistency purpose are related to factor analyses
or data reduction and summarization: The Haiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy
(MSA), based on the partial correlations among the input variables, and the Bartlett’s test of
sphericity used to test the hypothesis that the correlation matrix is an identity matrix (the indices
are correlated in the population). The first measure should be greater or equal to 0.5 to proceed
with factor analysis, and the test value of the second measure should be below the 0.05
significance level.

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Cronbach’s Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure Bartlett’s
Key Drivers Alpha (MSA) Test

1. Uncertainty and Macroeconomic


Stability 0.617 0.613 0.000

2. Financial Structure and


Development 0.345 0.668 0.000

3. Public Governance 0.832 0.909 0.000

4. Business Environment 0.970 0.619 0.000

5. Market Access, Size and Potential 0.661 0.724 0.000

6. Human and Natural Resources 0.692 0.679 0.000

7. Cost Components 0.609 0.548 0.000

8. Logistics Performance 0.933 0.922 0.000

9. Telecommunication and ICT 0.896 0.760 0.000

10. Presence of Multinationals and


BITs 0.653 0.407 0.000

11. Innovation and Differentiation 0.861 0.777 0.000

The reliability test statistics for the sub-indicators used to assemble the ten key drivers are all
above the Nunally’s cut-off value of 0.7 except the two key drivers Financial
Structure/Development and Cost Components. In addition to the limited number of sub-
indicators available for the concerned key drivers, detailed analyses of the inter-item correlation
matrix reveal relatively low correlations between the items. It’s well known that a decrease in
the number of indicators and a low average inter-item correlation are associated with a decrease
in α. Furthermore, good values for all key drivers for the MSA and Bartlett’s Test are obtained
(MSA values greater than 0.5 and p-values for Bartlett’s Test less than 0.05). Accordingly, from
the above results it’s possible to perform a valid factor analysis.

Weighting and Aggregation


After calculating the performance scores for each sub-items on the lowest level, and before the
aggregation can be conducted, the weightings of the index items have to be determined. Two
schemes are followed:

• On the lowest level, index items are aggregated with equal weights, i.e. the weights are
derived from the number of components that are aggregated. At the key drivers level (11
key drivers), weights are attributed according to the number of items and so are the
weights attributed to the three axes.

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• Key drivers are aggregated with weights attributed according to the number of items and
finally weights determined by factor analyses are used on the level of the three axes.
When using factor analysis, each component is assigned a weight according to its contribution to
the total variance in the data to insure that the resulting summary indicators account for a large
part of the cross-country variance of the considered sub-indicators.

Cronbach’s α over the considered three axes is 0.91 and consequently underlines the quality of
data selection for all the countries. The MSA value is 0.708 and Bartlett’s Test of sphericity is
significant at 0.000. Table 3 presents the results of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). One
single component is extracted (only one eigenvalue greater than 1) representing more than 89%
of the total variance of the considered indicators.

Total Variance Explained


Extraction
Sums of
Initial Squared
Component Eigenvalues Loadings

% of Cumulative % of Cumulative
Total Variance % Total Variance %

1 2.677 89.241 89.241 2.677 89.241 89.241

2 .227 7.561 96.802

3 .096 3.198 100

The high Cronbach’s a and MSA value, and extracting only one factor explaining such a large part
of the data variance, mean that the key axes are adequate joint proxies for a single latent factor.
They are unidimensional and express only one characteristic. This is an indication of an
appropriate choice of key drivers to assess FDI attractiveness for the considered countries. The
FDI attractiveness is excellently measured by using the three criteria – prerequisites, underlying
factors and agglomeration-differentiation factors- as proxies.
The PCA analysis also generates the communalities or the total influence on a single observed
item from all the factors associated with it (in this case only one factor is generated). It’s equal
to the squared factor loading related to the observed indicator and is the same as R2 in multiple
regression. These communalities, described below, are used to calculate the weights for the
three key drivers (the square of the factor loading represents the proportion of the variance of
the indicator explained by the factors):

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Weights for the Three Key Pillars
Component Communalities Weight

1. Prerequisites Factors 0.940 0.940 0.940

2. Underlying Factors 0.967 0.967 0.967

3. Agglomeration-Differentiation Factors 0.927 0.884 0.927

The results exposed illustrate that the underlying factors receive the highest weight and
constitutes the strongest determinant of FDI activity followed by the prerequisites factors. They
also show a small difference with respect to an equal weighting scheme (0.333 for each key
driver).
Aggregation
Additive methods, geometric aggregation and non-compensatory multi-criteria analysis
constitute the main three classes of aggregation methods. We focus on the linear and geometric
methods as the most adequate for the purpose of FDI attractiveness analysis.
Linear aggregation assigns base indicators proportionally to the weights. It’s useful when all sub-
indicators have the same measurement unit, which is our case:

However, geometric aggregation rewards those countries or those sub-indicators with higher
scores. A shortcoming in the value of one indicator can be compensated by a surplus in another.
Compensability is constant in linear aggregation, while it is smaller in geometric aggregation for
the sub-indicators with low values. It means that countries with low scores in some sub-indicators
would benefit from linear aggregation:

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Statistical Validation
This section compares the explanatory power of all the combinations presented in the previously.
By explanatory power we mean the strength and directionality of the linear relation between the
proposed FDI attractiveness index and the actual FDI activity in the particular countries measured
either by inward FDI flows or stocks. The Pearson correlations for each index calculation method
are presented below:

Pearson Correlations with Inward FDI Stocks


Correlation with Log FDI Inward Stocks (Two-tailed
Index Calculation Method significance level)

Method 1: Proportional weight and geometric


aggregation 0.776 (0.000)

Method 2: Equal weight and geometric aggregation 0.747 (0.000)

Method 3: Equal weight and arithmetic aggregation 0.747 (0.000)

Considering these findings, the most adequate method for measuring the attractiveness of a
country for FDI activity is method 1.

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GFICA Ranking History

Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking Ranking


Country
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
United States 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Switzerland 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Sweden 3 5 5 4 3 3 4 3
United Kingdom 4 3 3 3 4 4 7 4
Germany 5 4 4 6 5 5 3 5
Netherlands 6 7 6 5 7 6 5 6
Singapore 8 11 7 7 6 7 6 7
France 11 12 10 10 10 9 8 8
Denmark 7 6 8 9 9 11 9 9
Hong Kong 9 9 9 8 8 8 10 10
Korea 10 8 11 11 11 10 11 11
Japan 15 15 17 17 17 14 13 12
Finland 12 10 14 13 12 12 12 13
Belgium 17 17 16 16 14 16 14 14
Austria 18 18 18 18 15 15 15 15
China 30 31 31 29 26 26 21 16
Canada 14 13 13 12 13 13 16 17
Norway 13 16 12 14 18 18 17 18
Australia 16 14 15 15 16 17 18 19
Spain 21 20 21 21 20 20 19 20
Ireland 19 19 20 19 19 19 22 21
New Zealand 20 25 19 20 21 21 20 22
Israel 22 35 24 24 24 22 24 23
United Arab Emirates 33 30 30 30 27 27 23 24
Czech Republic 25 24 25 25 25 24 25 25
Italy 24 21 23 23 23 25 26 26
Estonia 23 22 22 22 22 23 27 27
Portugal 28 27 28 28 30 30 28 28
Malta 27 26 27 27 28 29 30 29
Hungary 29 29 29 31 32 32 31 30
Lithuania 34 33 33 32 29 28 33 31
Poland 35 34 34 33 31 31 29 32
Slovenia 31 28 32 34 34 34 32 33
Cyprus 32 32 37 36 37 37 34 34
Malaysia 26 23 26 26 33 33 35 35
Slovakia 36 37 39 37 36 36 36 36
Russia 52 43 44 40 40 40 37 37
Latvia 38 39 36 35 35 35 38 38
Bulgaria 42 40 41 42 42 42 39 39
Chile 37 36 38 39 39 38 40 40
Greece 46 44 45 41 41 41 41 41
Qatar 39 38 35 38 38 39 45 42
Thailand 45 48 48 49 47 44 43 43
Saudi Arabia 44 46 43 45 50 49 46 44
Romania 47 49 46 43 43 43 42 45
Kuwait 40 42 42 48 48 50 50 46
Mauritius 48 50 49 47 49 47 49 47
Mexico 53 53 53 52 52 52 52 48
Turkey 49 47 47 46 45 45 44 49
Serbia 61 54 57 53 51 51 47 50
South Africa 43 45 50 50 46 48 48 51
Kazakhstan 66 63 56 55 56 56 54 52
Vietnam 60 60 63 59 60 58 55 53
Bahrain 41 41 40 44 44 46 53 54
Argentina 59 58 58 57 57 55 56 55
Brazil 50 52 52 54 53 53 51 56
Oman 51 51 51 51 55 57 59 57
Ukraine 65 61 59 60 58 59 57 58
Uruguay 56 56 54 56 54 54 58 59
Colombia 64 62 62 62 61 61 60 60
India 63 65 66 66 63 63 63 61
Azerbaijan 69 70 65 16 63 64 64 61 62
Philippines 67 67 69 67 69 68 67 63
Panama 54 57 55 58 59 60 65 64
Peru 57 59 60 61 62 62 62 65
Iran 74 74 82 84 74 73 64 66
Indonesia 68 69 68 69 71 71 66 67
Tunisia 55 55 61 65 68 69 68 68
Morocco 80 68 74 75 66 66 69 69
Jordan 62 66 64 64 65 65 70 70
Botswana 72 72 71 70 67 67 71 71
Dominican Republic 73 75 73 71 72 72 72 72
Egypt 70 71 70 72 73 74 74 73
Ecuador 79 80 76 74 75 75 75 74
Lebanon 58 64 67 68 70 70 73 75
Guatemala 71 73 72 73 76 76 76 76
Paraguay 76 76 77 77 78 78 77 77
Kenya 82 83 80 81 77 77 78 78
Ghana 78 79 79 82 80 80 79 79
Namibia 75 77 75 76 79 79 80 80
Bolivia 83 84 81 78 82 82 83 81
Nepal 100 90 91 88 91 90 85 82
Cote d'Ivoire 102 99 98 95 96 94 89 83
Algeria 81 81 83 83 83 84 84 84
Honduras 77 78 78 79 84 83 82 85
Nicaragua 84 85 84 80 81 81 81 86
Uganda 91 105 101 101 85 85 86 87
Cambodia 95 94 89 86 86 86 87 88
Tanzania 88 89 94 98 89 89 88 89
Senegal 86 87 85 85 87 87 90 90
Mali 99 106 92 93 94 96 93 91
Pakistan 87 88 87 92 90 91 91 92
Gabon 85 82 86 87 88 88 94 93
Nigeria 90 86 88 90 95 93 92 94
Burkina Faso 104 102 95 89 92 92 101 95
Togo 101 100 102 102 98 98 97 96
Benin 92 92 93 96 97 97 96 97
Mozambique 94 93 96 91 93 95 99 98
Cameroon 97 97 99 99 102 101 95 99
Angola 93 95 97 97 99 99 98 100
Madagascar 96 98 100 100 101 100 100 101
Ethiopia 105 107 105 103 103 103 103 102
Mauritania 106 101 104 104 104 104 102 103
Venezuela 89 91 90 94 100 102 104 104
Iraq 107 104 106 107 106 106 105 105
Sudan 103 103 107 106 105 105 106 106
Yemen 98 96 103 105 107 107 107 107
Chad 108 108 108 108 108 108 108 108
Central African Republic 109 109 109 109 109 109 109 109

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GFICA 2020
GFICA GFICA GFICA GFICA
Indicators Indicators
Value Rank Value Rank
United States 75.9 1 Argentina 45.1 55
Switzerland 72.7 2 Brazil 45.1 56
Sweden 70.4 3 Oman 44.9 57
United Kingdom 70.1 4 Ukraine 44.8 58
Germany 69.9 5 Uruguay 44.5 59
Netherlands 69.3 6 Colombia 44.0 60
Singapore 68.2 7 India 43.3 61
France 67.2 8 Azerbaijan 42.5 62
Denmark 67.1 9 Philippines 42.5 63
Hong Kong 66.8 10 Panama 41.9 64
Korea 66.4 11 Peru 41.6 65
Japan 66.0 12 Iran 41.6 66
Finland 65.7 13 Indonesia 40.6 67
Belgium 64.6 14 Tunisia 40.5 68
Austria 64.1 15 Morocco 39.8 69
China 63.7 16 Jordan 38.8 70
Canada 63.5 17 Botswana 38.6 71
Norway 63.2 18 Dominican Republic 38.0 72
Australia 62.7 19 Egypt 37.4 73
Spain 61.7 20 Ecuador 36.8 74
Ireland 61.4 21 Lebanon 36.2 75
New Zealand 60.5 22 Guatemala 35.8 76
Israel 59.5 23 Paraguay 35.5 77
United Arab Emirates 59.1 24 Kenya 35.0 78
Czech Republic 58.8 25 Ghana 34.3 79
Italy 58.6 26 Namibia 34.2 80
Estonia 58.2 27 Bolivia 33.6 81
Portugal 57.0 28 Nepal 33.4 82
Malta 55.2 29 Cote d'Ivoire 33.0 83
Hungary 54.9 30 Algeria 32.5 84
Lithuania 54.6 31 Honduras 32.4 85
Poland 54.5 32 Nicaragua 31.9 86
Slovenia 54.2 33 Uganda 31.1 87
Cyprus 53.9 34 Cambodia 30.9 88
Malaysia 53.6 35 Tanzania 30.5 89
Slovakia 52.7 36 Senegal 29.8 90
Russia 51.9 37 Mali 29.7 91
Latvia 51.1 38 Pakistan 29.6 92
Bulgaria 50.7 39 Gabon 29.4 93

18
Chile 50.6 40 Nigeria 29.2 94
Greece 50.5 41 Burkina Faso 28.5 95
Qatar 49.9 42 Togo 28.3 96
Thailand 49.5 43 Benin 28.2 97
Saudi Arabia 48.8 44 Mozambique 27.6 98
Romania 48.7 45 Cameroon 27.3 99
Kuwait 48.1 46 Angola 26.8 100
Mauritius 47.0 47 Madagascar 25.9 101
Mexico 46.6 48 Ethiopia 24.8 102
Turkey 46.4 49 Mauritania 24.7 103
Serbia 46.3 50 Venezuela 23.9 104
South Africa 46.3 51 Iraq 23.7 105
Kazakhstan 45.5 52 Sudan 19.0 106
Vietnam 45.4 53 Yemen 17.7 107
Bahrain 45.4 54 Chad 14.6 108
Central African Republic 13.3 109

19
Country Profile

Algeria
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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20
Algeria
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 178.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -5.8
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 4.1
Population Persons (Millions) 44.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -21.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP -11.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 42.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 13.3

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 8 23 95.2 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 12 79 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 105 106 46.4 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 103 97 55.9 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 17 29 84.4 Q2
RER Volatility 70 69 82.3 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 2 3 81.6 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 20 20 78.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 104 105 3.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 93 93 5.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 65 63 32.2 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 86 87 13.7 Q4
Voice and Accountability 85 85 26.8 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 91 88 44.9 Q4
Government Effectiveness 80 79 35.6 Q3
Regulatory Quality 102 104 21.5 Q4
Rule of Law 95 95 34.2 Q4
Control of Corruption 75 76 26.4 Q3
Institutional Environment 96 96 31.6 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 90 90 71.0 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 77 81 70.1 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 102 102 23.9 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 66 69 72.4 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 106 106 10.9 Q4
Protecting Investors 108 108 13.1 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 73 74 47.8 Q3
Business Environment 100 100 44.2 Q4
Prerequisites 92 93 47.2 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 71 70 7.4 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 46 46 2.1 Q2
Trade performance Index 87 92 18.9 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 70 74 12.0 Q3
Applied Tariff 91 92 45.7 Q4
Trading Across Borders 100 100 39.0 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 98 98 20.8 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 10 14 40.9 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 45 47 34.5 Q2
Mean years of schooling 70 70 51.7 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 54 52 48.8 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 59 59 66.4 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 47 48 48.5 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 15 16 62.6 Q1
Total tax rate 8 7 58.1 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 86 88 48.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 100 100 39.0 Q4
Cost Components 54 57 52.0 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 103 103 22.9 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 84 84 23.2 Q4
International shipments 96 96 16.1 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 94 94 20.9 Q4
Tracking and tracing 84 84 26.6 Q4
Timeliness 92 92 21.4 Q4
Logistics Performance 92 92 21.9 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 64 67 16.5 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 65 66 17.6 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 78 78 47.4 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 65 66 35.4 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 72 73 29.2 Q3
Underlying Factors 76 76 34.5 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 74 74 1.3 Q3

21
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 69 68 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 44 41 35.5 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 53 50 12.7 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 96 98 38.5 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 94 101 4.4 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 94 95 13.7 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
51 51 1.0 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 87 87 38.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 96 99 19.2 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 92 92 17.2 Q4

GFCA Index 83 84 32.5 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
90
Financial 45.8 47.2
GFCA Index Structure and
75 Development
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
34.7 34.5
45 32.3 32.5
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration 17.6 17.2
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
ions and IT
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Algeria Arab Region World Average


2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

22
Country Profile

Angola
-2020-

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23
Angola
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 89.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 20.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 6.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 15.0
Population Persons (Millions) 31.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 20.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 77 91 74.5 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 104 107 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 41 27 72.5 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 69 44 73.2 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 88 89 64.7 Q4
RER Volatility 40 54 86.8 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 20 25 39.2 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 50 51 73.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 91 91 6.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 83 83 11.2 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 96 94 16.9 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 92 94 11.6 Q4
Voice and Accountability 94 90 23.0 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 67 64 58.5 Q3
Government Effectiveness 101 100 23.5 Q4
Regulatory Quality 99 100 26.1 Q4
Rule of Law 102 102 28.5 Q4
Control of Corruption 106 104 8.7 Q4
Institutional Environment 103 101 28.0 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 88 88 72.8 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 76 80 70.2 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 103 103 22.5 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 95 95 54.5 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 107 107 6.0 Q4
Protecting Investors 94 94 27.6 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 109 109 1.0 Q4
Business Environment 105 105 36.4 Q4
Prerequisites 104 104 42.1 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 76 77 5.6 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 56 58 1.6 Q3
Trade performance Index 33 33 66.4 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 77 78 11.0 Q3
Applied Tariff 85 84 49.4 Q4
Trading Across Borders 102 102 36.8 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 80 82 28.5 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 16 19 36.0 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 84 86 9.3 Q4
Mean years of schooling 95 95 29.1 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 87 86 29.2 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 89 90 34.8 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 84 85 27.7 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 94 93 18.8 Q4
Total tax rate 24 25 40.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 63 65 66.0 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 102 102 36.8 Q4
Cost Components 97 98 40.5 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 109 109 1.0 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 109 109 1.0 Q4
International shipments 105 105 6.4 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 107 107 5.0 Q4
Tracking and tracing 109 109 1.0 Q4
Timeliness 102 102 13.5 Q4
Logistics Performance 109 109 4.6 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 94 92 1.8 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 98 93 1.9 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 103 103 12.8 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 104 106 7.4 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 105 105 6.0 Q4
Underlying Factors 104 104 21.5 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 95 84 1.2 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 65 71 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 98 94 11.7 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 99 98 4.8 Q4

24
Market Sophistication Index 89 94 39.9 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 81 85 16.1 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 38 39 41.2 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 97 97 27.6 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 83 84 25.1 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 86 88 19.0 Q4

GFCA Index 100 100 26.8 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 42.1
40.6
Development
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Environment & 30 Business 26.3 26.8
Environment
Differentiation
15 21.5 21.5
0 18.8 19.0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicati
Natural
ons and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Angola Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

25
Country Profile

Argentina
-2020-

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26
Argentina
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 443.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change -1.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 36.9
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 51.0
Population Persons (Millions) 45.6
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 1.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP 0.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 18.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 10.1

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 93 98 68.0 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 108 108 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 80 78 61.3 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 96 93 59.8 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 77 87 67.0 Q4
RER Volatility 31 30 93.4 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 27 18 45.3 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 77 72 70.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 76 74 13.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 32 31 53.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 79 81 23.4 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 62 60 29.8 Q3
Voice and Accountability 41 40 67.3 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 48 47 68.5 Q2
Government Effectiveness 57 54 50.5 Q2
Regulatory Quality 86 77 41.8 Q3
Rule of Law 73 65 46.6 Q3
Control of Corruption 62 56 37.5 Q3
Institutional Environment 53 50 52.0 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 79 86 74.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 102 98 60.8 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 80 81 42.2 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 72 74 70.3 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 65 71 50.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 69 66 52.6 Q3
Business Environment 76 76 59.2 Q3
Prerequisites 70 69 57.0 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 40 42 20.6 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 21 20 4.3 Q1
Trade performance Index 55 59 37.2 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 105 103 3.6 Q4
Applied Tariff 90 90 46.7 Q4
Trading Across Borders 80 78 67.4 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 74 76 30.0 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 61 65 4.5 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 54 54 29.5 Q2
Mean years of schooling 39 39 72.2 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 11 11 68.0 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 42 42 78.9 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 44 45 50.6 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 17 17 60.2 Q1
Total tax rate 1 1 100.0 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 94 96 43.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 80 78 67.4 Q3
Cost Components 13 12 67.8 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 82 82 34.2 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 59 59 37.0 Q3
International shipments 56 56 44.1 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 63 63 36.8 Q3
Tracking and tracing 55 55 45.5 Q2
Timeliness 56 56 50.4 Q3
Logistics Performance 58 58 41.3 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 45 43 41.7 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 33 33 37.7 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 45 50 73.7 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 18 32 43.7 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 40 42 49.2 Q2
Underlying Factors 47 47 47.8 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 39 42 2.6 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 48 49 2.0 Q2

27
Number of BITs Accumulated 28 28 43.2 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 31 30 16.0 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 86 88 42.9 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 51 50 31.7 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 75 69 23.9 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
28 29 1.3 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 38 38 77.2 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 60 60 35.4 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 58 53 29.6 Q2

GFCA Index 57 55 45.1 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 54.3 57.0
75
Positive Institutional
60
47.9 47.8
Externalities environment
44.2 45.1
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 29.1 29.6
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Argentina Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

28
Country Profile

Australia
-2020-

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29
Australia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,375.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 37.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.8
Population Persons (Millions) 26.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -23.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.1

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 2 9 97.8 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 29 31 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 63 56 65.3 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 43 43 73.3 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 41 41 82.7 Q2
RER Volatility 103 105 38.7 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 80 80 23.8 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 82 85 68.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 5 5 94.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 3 3 85.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 14 13 74.2 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 4 6 84.7 Q1
Voice and Accountability 11 10 91.4 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 16 14 87.2 Q1
Government Effectiveness 14 13 84.7 Q1
Regulatory Quality 5 5 94.1 Q1
Rule of Law 12 12 92.8 Q1
Control of Corruption 12 12 89.1 Q1
Institutional Environment 10 10 89.9 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 5 5 95.5 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 8 10 90.8 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 31 32 69.9 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 42 47 82.5 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 3 3 95.1 Q1
Protecting Investors 42 48 66.2 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 6 7 90.3 Q1
Business Environment 11 11 84.3 Q1
Prerequisites 8 7 81.1 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 4 4 74.1 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 13 13 7.8 Q1
Trade performance Index 59 62 35.9 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 93 91 7.4 Q4
Applied Tariff 8 33 84.3 Q2
Trading Across Borders 68 70 70.6 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 35 37 46.7 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 34 31 18.1 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 18 20 57.8 Q1
Mean years of schooling 12 12 88.7 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 4 5 97.3 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 2 1 72.4 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 42 44 42.6 Q2
Total tax rate 32 32 38.6 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 22 24 84.0 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 68 70 70.6 Q3
Cost Components 32 34 58.9 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 7 7 91.2 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 16 16 84.0 Q1
International shipments 37 37 61.0 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 20 20 75.2 Q1
Tracking and tracing 20 20 78.4 Q1
Timeliness 21 21 79.3 Q1
Logistics Performance 19 19 78.2 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 19 25 66.4 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 24 27 55.1 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 20 24 86.4 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 63 64 36.2 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 25 26 61.0 Q1
Underlying Factors 18 18 63.4 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 10 10 8.8 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 12 12 10.0 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 84 87 14.0 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 59 59 10.9 Q3

30
Market Sophistication Index 7 8 78.2 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 26 24 57.2 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 37 35 42.4 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
9 9 3.0 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 2 2 98.8 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 18 17 55.9 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 21 21 42.4 Q1

GFCA Index 17 19 62.7 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 79.9 81.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
63.9 63.4 62.5 62.7
45
Tech.
30 Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
42.4 42.4
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Australia OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

31
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

32
Country Profile

Austria
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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33
Austria
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 462.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 48.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.9
Population Persons (Millions) 9.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 8.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 25.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 36 25 94.6 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 48 24 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 31 28 72.1 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 30 29 76.2 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 89 85 68.9 Q4
RER Volatility 7 8 97.6 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 92 92 18.7 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 33 38 75.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 27 27 54.9 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 11 10 73.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 35 37 49.5 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 24 24 59.3 Q1
Voice and Accountability 12 12 90.4 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 10 16 86.9 Q1
Government Effectiveness 16 15 82.5 Q1
Regulatory Quality 17 17 83.8 Q1
Rule of Law 9 8 95.5 Q1
Control of Corruption 17 15 82.7 Q1
Institutional Environment 13 12 87.0 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 70 76 77.9 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 35 39 80.6 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 21 22 76.2 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 23 24 87.9 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 61 66 55.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 28 30 73.4 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 11 11 84.1 Q1
Business Environment 23 25 76.5 Q1
Prerequisites 17 17 76.7 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 12 14 59.3 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 29 28 2.9 Q1
Trade performance Index 7 6 86.7 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 25 25 24.7 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 8 7 59.7 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 93 92 1.4 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 17 17 60.1 Q1
Mean years of schooling 12 14 88.2 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 31 28 59.4 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 18 18 93.0 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 22 20 60.4 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 14 15 67.7 Q1
Total tax rate 20 21 42.8 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 28 33 81.6 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 9 10 73.0 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 12 12 85.1 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 5 5 92.4 Q1
International shipments 3 3 93.9 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 6 6 90.6 Q1
Tracking and tracing 7 7 89.9 Q1
Timeliness 12 12 92.4 Q1
Logistics Performance 4 4 90.7 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 29 31 61.5 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 10 10 71.7 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 16 23 87.4 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 48 48 40.2 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 19 20 65.2 Q1
Underlying Factors 7 7 69.8 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 36 36 3.0 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 31 30 3.5 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 25 24 47.0 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 27 26 17.8 Q1

34
Market Sophistication Index 34 36 60.2 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 17 17 71.7 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 31 24 50.0 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
35 35 1.2 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 18 18 89.4 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 22 19 54.5 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 20 19 43.5 Q1

GFCA Index 15 15 64.1 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional
75.8 76.7
Externalities 60 environment 69.9 69.8
45 63.5 64.1
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
42.6 43.5
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Austria OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

35
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

36
Country Profile

Azerbaijan
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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37
Azerbaijan
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 48.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 4.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.0
Population Persons (Millions) 10.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 4.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 10.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 19.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 82 78 81.0 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 95 102 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 14 5 85.0 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 10 4 87.0 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 10 8 91.5 Q1
RER Volatility 83 88 74.0 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 74 74 25.9 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 36 23 77.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 80 75 12.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 80 81 15.1 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 97 95 16.8 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 85 85 14.9 Q4
Voice and Accountability 105 106 9.3 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 79 81 49.0 Q3
Government Effectiveness 70 66 44.5 Q3
Regulatory Quality 70 73 42.6 Q3
Rule of Law 78 77 40.5 Q3
Control of Corruption 94 93 21.0 Q4
Institutional Environment 89 87 34.5 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 6 6 95.0 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 43 44 78.7 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 36 34 69.4 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 54 60 77.5 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 11 1 100.0 Q1
Protecting Investors 76 74 49.3 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 33 23 75.0 Q1
Business Environment 35 23 77.8 Q1
Prerequisites 69 67 58.3 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 69 71 7.3 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 74 75 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 98 100 14.3 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 46 35 21.4 Q2
Applied Tariff 51 48 75.3 Q2
Trading Across Borders 56 56 77.3 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 69 67 32.8 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 11 10 48.1 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 65 65 21.0 Q3
Mean years of schooling 39 40 71.6 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 84 81 33.0 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 62 63 65.5 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 52 51 47.9 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 31 29 51.3 Q2
Total tax rate 50 54 31.6 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 25 31 82.1 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 56 56 77.3 Q3
Cost Components 26 28 60.6 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 70 70 40.3 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 68 68 34.7 Q3
International shipments 87 87 25.7 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 104 104 10.7 Q4
Tracking and tracing 104 104 6.9 Q4
Timeliness 104 104 12.3 Q4
Logistics Performance 94 94 21.8 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 44 44 41.5 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 46 45 29.2 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 36 38 79.4 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 75 73 32.2 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 52 51 45.6 Q2
Underlying Factors 63 63 41.7 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 70 71 1.3 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 72 69 1.4 Q3

38
Number of BITs Accumulated 40 36 38.6 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 46 44 13.8 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 25 27 64.5 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 79 84 16.5 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 77 84 17.5 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
72 72 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 58 58 67.7 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 61 62 33.4 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 61 63 27.5 Q3

GFCA Index 65 62 42.5 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional 58.3
Externalities 60 environment 54.4
45
Tech.
Environment & 30
Business
41.4 41.7 41.4 42.5
Environment
Differentiation
15

0 27.9 27.5
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Azerbaijan Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3

39
Country Profile

Bahrain
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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40
Bahrain
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 39.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 29.9
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -3.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.8
Population Persons (Millions) 1.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.4
Total investment Percent of GDP 31.8
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.9

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 12 31 92.9 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 9 72 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 85 84 59.3 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 108 108 40.2 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 93 95 60.3 Q4
RER Volatility 2 1 100.0 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 88 88 19.9 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 91 95 67.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 31 31 46.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 53 52 36.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 53 53 35.6 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 41 42 39.6 Q2
Voice and Accountability 101 102 13.6 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 89 84 46.4 Q4
Government Effectiveness 43 48 53.4 Q2
Regulatory Quality 40 43 60.9 Q2
Rule of Law 41 41 63.4 Q2
Control of Corruption 47 51 40.2 Q2
Institutional Environment 58 62 46.3 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 42 45 86.3 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 39 14 89.0 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 18 11 85.3 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 59 54 79.9 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 66 55.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 42 42 68.6 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 64 43 63.6 Q2
Business Environment 52 29 75.5 Q2
Prerequisites 63 58 60.8 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 28 28 29.2 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 86 86 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 62 64 35.1 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 16 16 35.8 Q1
Applied Tariff 74 78 56.0 Q3
Trading Across Borders 52 54 78.9 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 49 50 39.4 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 36 43 11.9 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 27 28 45.9 Q1
Mean years of schooling 54 54 63.0 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 39 39 53.3 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 40 40 80.4 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 42 44 50.9 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 73 73 27.7 Q3
Total tax rate 107 107 3.6 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 5 1 100.0 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 52 54 78.9 Q2
Cost Components 61 55 52.6 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 57 57 44.1 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 65 65 35.1 Q3
International shipments 52 52 49.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 55 55 40.1 Q2
Tracking and tracing 57 57 44.1 Q3
Timeliness 63 63 46.4 Q3
Logistics Performance 56 56 43.2 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 49 58 26.1 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 39 41 30.2 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 5 3 99.0 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 6 30 44.2 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 33 40 49.9 Q2
Underlying Factors 45 49 47.2 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 70 71 1.3 Q3

41
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 71 72 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 60 58 24.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 66 63 9.2 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 58 64 51.5 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 70 69 21.4 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 63 77 19.0 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
69 68 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 23 23 87.0 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 53 58 36.0 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 59 60 27.9 Q3

GFCA Index 52 54 45.4 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 60.8
75
Positive Institutional 57.7
Externalities 60 environment

45 48.1 47.2
Tech. 45.2 45.4
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0 29.0 27.9
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Bahrain Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

42
Country Profile

Belgium
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
43
Belgium
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 529.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 52.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.3
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.3
Population Persons (Millions) 11.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -4.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 25.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.5

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 22 16 96.4 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 44 30 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 47 45 67.4 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 40 39 73.8 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 100 99 57.3 Q4
RER Volatility 18 19 94.8 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 97 99 17.8 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 53 57 72.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 21 19 69.9 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 46 47 42.3 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 33 34 51.7 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 31 28 54.7 Q1
Voice and Accountability 10 11 91.3 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 33 34 75.1 Q2
Government Effectiveness 21 22 76.7 Q1
Regulatory Quality 20 21 79.1 Q1
Rule of Law 19 19 84.8 Q1
Control of Corruption 15 16 82.5 Q1
Institutional Environment 18 18 81.6 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 35 34 89.9 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 33 37 80.9 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 91 90 35.0 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 70 72 70.9 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 32 37 71.0 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 39 41 64.4 Q2
Business Environment 55 57 68.2 Q3
Prerequisites 27 28 71.2 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 16 16 56.8 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 25 25 3.4 Q1
Trade performance Index 11 11 81.1 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 9 8 43.1 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 5 5 61.5 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 103 102 1.1 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 10 10 65.8 Q1
Mean years of schooling 30 29 81.9 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 2 2 82.4 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 16 16 93.9 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 9 9 65.0 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 3 3 89.1 Q1
Total tax rate 14 16 47.0 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 46 46 75.8 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 2 2 78.0 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 14 14 83.1 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 14 14 84.7 Q1
International shipments 1 1 100.0 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 2 2 92.6 Q1
Tracking and tracing 9 9 88.4 Q1
Timeliness 1 1 100.0 Q1
Logistics Performance 3 3 91.5 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 11 11 84.6 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 19 19 60.6 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 17 21 88.6 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 78 78 30.5 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 16 17 66.1 Q1
Underlying Factors 1 2 72.4 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 23 25 4.1 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 14 15 8.3 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 10 8 71.6 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 10 9 28.0 Q1

44
Market Sophistication Index 37 31 63.1 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 16 16 72.3 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 19 20 56.1 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
46 45 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 24 24 86.6 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 21 18 55.8 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 15 16 47.5 Q1

GFCA Index 14 14 64.6 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
72.7 72.4
75
Development 70.5 71.2
Positive Institutional
60
64.1 64.6
Externalities environment

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment 46.4 47.5
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Belgium OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

45
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

46
Country Profile

Benin
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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47
Benin
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 15.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 16.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.0
Population Persons (Millions) 12.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -5.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 27.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 41 62 86.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 13 4 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 92 94 56.3 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 77 76 66.7 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 34 38 83.1 Q2
RER Volatility 49 48 88.4 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 104 104 17.1 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 66 64 71.1 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 102 103 3.2 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 99 99 3.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 64 66 31.4 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 88 89 12.7 Q4
Voice and Accountability 48 48 62.4 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 52 56 64.9 Q3
Government Effectiveness 84 83 33.9 Q4
Regulatory Quality 84 81 39.3 Q3
Rule of Law 79 80 38.7 Q3
Control of Corruption 72 68 30.4 Q3
Institutional Environment 66 64 44.9 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 39 43 87.7 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 54 58 75.7 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 85 82 41.6 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 104 104 34.5 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 99 30.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 82 82 39.6 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 103 98 24.5 Q4
Business Environment 97 93 47.8 Q4
Prerequisites 87 89 49.5 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 101 102 1.6 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 106 106 1.0 Q4
Trade performance Index 85 81 23.8 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 66 59 14.1 Q3
Applied Tariff 95 98 42.5 Q4
Trading Across Borders 70 73 69.3 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 90 89 25.4 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 37 33 17.2 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 100 100 3.2 Q4
Mean years of schooling 102 101 17.8 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 74 77 35.4 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 98 98 24.9 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 97 97 19.7 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 25 23 53.3 Q1
Total tax rate 27 27 40.2 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 96 97 43.3 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 70 73 69.3 Q3
Cost Components 59 60 51.5 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 71 71 39.9 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 78 78 26.2 Q3
International shipments 74 74 34.2 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 82 82 25.5 Q3
Tracking and tracing 75 75 32.8 Q3
Timeliness 55 55 52.6 Q2
Logistics Performance 71 71 35.2 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 96 96 1.5 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 99 97 1.7 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 98 98 18.7 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 96 93 23.4 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 100 99 11.3 Q4
Underlying Factors 89 88 28.6 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 104 103 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 105 105 1.0 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 84 82 14.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 90 90 5.6 Q4

48
Market Sophistication Index 101 101 36.1 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 87 96 7.8 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 104 108 3.7 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 99 99 26.2 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 103 103 15.0 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 103 103 12.2 Q4

GFCA Index 94 97 28.2 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development
Positive Institutional
49.5
47.8
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
28.3 28.6 28.0 28.2
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

12.6 12.2
Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Benin Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

49
Country Profile

Bolivia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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50
Bolivia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 45.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 35.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -6.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.1
Population Persons (Millions) 11.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 19.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 7 22 95.3 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 16 49 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 86 85 59.1 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 100 104 51.3 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 55 61 77.3 Q3
RER Volatility 37 39 90.7 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 11 17 47.4 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 32 46 74.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 62 61 20.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 78 77 18.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 84 84 22.2 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 76 76 20.3 Q3
Voice and Accountability 58 60 51.5 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 62 62 59.9 Q3
Government Effectiveness 79 77 37.9 Q3
Regulatory Quality 98 98 28.6 Q4
Rule of Law 103 104 26.1 Q4
Control of Corruption 79 79 25.7 Q3
Institutional Environment 81 79 38.3 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 101 102 59.6 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 84 89 64.6 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 95 96 32.2 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 63 66 73.4 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 90 95 35.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 90 90 34.8 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 70 71 49.2 Q3
Business Environment 90 91 49.9 Q4
Prerequisites 83 86 50.5 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 79 79 5.1 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 82 81 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 102 104 11.8 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 73 79 10.8 Q3
Applied Tariff 76 77 56.1 Q3
Trading Across Borders 63 64 71.9 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 87 88 26.1 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 27 32 17.8 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 85 84 9.7 Q4
Mean years of schooling 61 61 59.6 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 62 60 43.8 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 77 76 56.3 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 72 72 37.4 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 53 53 38.2 Q2
Total tax rate 2 2 76.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 106 106 12.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 63 64 71.9 Q3
Cost Components 64 66 49.7 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 91 91 30.4 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 100 100 12.6 Q4
International shipments 89 89 23.8 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 101 101 13.5 Q4
Tracking and tracing 105 105 6.4 Q4
Timeliness 93 93 20.5 Q4
Logistics Performance 101 101 17.9 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 72 70 10.5 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 71 71 11.4 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 83 83 42.5 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 80 77 31.0 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 82 81 23.8 Q3
Underlying Factors 82 82 31.0 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 89 92 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 88 89 1.2 Q4

51
Number of BITs Accumulated 100 102 7.1 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 101 103 3.1 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 63 49 56.6 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 97 86 15.7 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 87 88 16.9 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
73 70 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 73 73 51.8 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 80 73 28.4 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 85 78 20.8 Q3

GFCA Index 82 81 33.6 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional 49.3 50.5
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Differentiation
Environment
32.6 33.6
15 31.0 31.0

0
Agglomeration
Economies
Prerequisites 20.8
19.1

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Bolivia Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2018 Rank 2019 Value 2019 2019
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

52
Country Profile

Botswana
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
53
Botswana
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 19.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 4.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 30.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -7.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.5
Population Persons (Millions) 2.4
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 33.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 96 89 75.2 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 86 83 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 13 32 71.0 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 38 63 69.1 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 3 3 94.7 Q1
RER Volatility 71 74 81.3 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 13 11 55.7 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 23 17 78.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 45 47 26.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 81 80 15.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 75 77 27.1 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 71 72 23.1 Q3
Voice and Accountability 46 44 64.2 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 11 12 87.8 Q1
Government Effectiveness 41 41 58.0 Q2
Regulatory Quality 45 44 60.8 Q2
Rule of Law 38 39 65.0 Q2
Control of Corruption 27 27 63.9 Q1
Institutional Environment 36 37 66.6 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 93 94 68.6 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 31 36 81.1 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 60 60 55.5 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 89 91 59.9 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 60 60 61.4 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 78 82 39.4 Q3
Business Environment 66 72 60.9 Q3
Prerequisites 48 50 62.7 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 58 59 10.1 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 98 97 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 109 109 1.0 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 35 46 18.6 Q2
Applied Tariff 56 56 71.0 Q3
Trading Across Borders 37 38 86.8 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 70 70 31.4 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 63 68 4.3 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 60 60 25.0 Q3
Mean years of schooling 56 57 62.2 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 76 76 35.8 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 71 69 60.7 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 69 71 37.6 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 109 109 1.0 Q4
Total tax rate 96 95 15.4 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 39 42 77.7 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 37 38 86.8 Q2
Cost Components 83 86 45.2 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 36 36 59.0 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 46 46 44.2 Q2
International shipments 58 58 43.3 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 67 67 35.1 Q3
Tracking and tracing 64 64 38.6 Q3
Timeliness 34 34 67.0 Q2
Logistics Performance 48 48 47.9 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 83 81 4.8 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 74 70 11.5 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 79 79 46.8 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 13 9 51.0 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 75 76 28.5 Q3
Underlying Factors 67 67 38.1 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 98 98 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 98 99 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 101 100 7.9 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 102 102 3.3 Q4

54
Market Sophistication Index 67 51 55.8 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 76 74 19.7 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 89 90 15.7 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
92 94 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 85 85 38.6 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 82 81 26.2 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 89 86 19.3 Q4

GFCA Index 70 71 38.6 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 61.7 62.7
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Differentiation
Environment 38.2 38.1 38.0 38.6
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies
18.6 19.3

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Botswana Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

55
Country Profile

Brazil
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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56
Brazil
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,893.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 37.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.5
Population Persons (Millions) 211.4
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -19.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 16.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 10.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 73 87 76.7 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 90 81 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 50 50 66.9 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 102 103 52.5 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 91 91 63.3 Q4
RER Volatility 96 99 57.7 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 5 5 70.9 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 85 80 69.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 34 34 43.9 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 22 21 62.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 18 18 66.6 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 25 25 57.6 Q1
Voice and Accountability 42 42 64.6 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 66 68 57.1 Q3
Government Effectiveness 72 72 40.7 Q3
Regulatory Quality 65 66 44.7 Q3
Rule of Law 62 61 47.8 Q3
Control of Corruption 65 65 31.4 Q3
Institutional Environment 55 58 47.7 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 84 83 75.7 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 103 102 51.6 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 89 85 39.6 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 65 70 72.3 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 65 71 50.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 35 36 66.4 Q2
Business Environment 71 74 60.0 Q3
Prerequisites 62 63 59.4 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 55 56 11.7 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 9 8 9.8 Q1
Trade performance Index 40 44 53.3 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 107 106 2.7 Q4
Applied Tariff 94 95 43.7 Q4
Trading Across Borders 69 71 70.2 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 68 69 31.9 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 49 47 10.0 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 67 66 20.6 Q3
Mean years of schooling 74 73 50.1 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 38 38 53.9 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 56 58 66.8 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 65 64 40.3 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 5 7 79.0 Q1
Total tax rate 9 8 56.6 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 105 105 26.7 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 69 71 70.2 Q3
Cost Components 35 35 58.1 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 84 84 33.8 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 47 47 43.1 Q2
International shipments 59 59 41.8 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 42 42 49.7 Q2
Tracking and tracing 48 48 48.3 Q2
Timeliness 48 48 57.1 Q2
Logistics Performance 53 53 45.6 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 51 49 32.8 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 42 40 31.5 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 52 56 69.7 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 72 79 30.2 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 55 55 41.0 Q2
Underlying Factors 57 58 43.4 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 16 15 6.4 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 15 13 9.5 Q1

57
Number of BITs Accumulated 77 70 21.0 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 60 53 12.3 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 68 67 50.2 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 36 38 41.2 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 60 54 29.6 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
10 10 2.8 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 39 39 77.1 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 42 44 40.2 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 49 48 31.8 Q2

GFCA Index 54 56 45.1 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
59.4
Positive Institutional 57.8
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 43.5 43.4 44.5 45.1
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
31.6 31.8
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Brazil Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2018 Rank 2019 Value 2019 2019
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

58
Country Profile

Bulgaria
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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59
Bulgaria
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 70.1


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 35.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.3
Population Persons (Millions) 6.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 1.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 2.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.4
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 49 45 90.9 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 65 62 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 20 21 75.2 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 16 31 75.6 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 12 10 91.2 Q1
RER Volatility 24 20 94.5 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 32 33 36.9 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 9 7 80.6 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 66 66 17.1 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 36 36 49.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 71 68 30.9 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 56 57 32.5 Q3
Voice and Accountability 47 46 62.8 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 47 41 71.8 Q2
Government Effectiveness 47 47 54.3 Q2
Regulatory Quality 38 38 64.0 Q2
Rule of Law 57 57 52.3 Q3
Control of Corruption 56 53 38.7 Q2
Institutional Environment 45 44 57.3 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 58 68 80.8 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 32 35 81.4 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 49 49 61.2 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 94 94 55.5 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 22 22 78.3 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 30 31 69.3 Q2
Business Environment 46 48 70.3 Q2
Prerequisites 41 43 65.1 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 59 58 10.2 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 75 74 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 31 29 68.9 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 19 19 31.3 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 18 18 97.4 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 32 32 48.9 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 68 63 4.9 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 57 57 27.1 Q3
Mean years of schooling 29 29 81.9 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 47 46 50.6 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 44 44 76.1 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 49 50 48.1 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 43 41 43.6 Q2
Total tax rate 91 90 18.7 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 59 62 69.1 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 18 18 97.4 Q1
Cost Components 40 37 57.2 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 40 40 54.7 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 62 62 36.6 Q3
International shipments 38 38 60.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 52 52 41.1 Q2
Tracking and tracing 56 56 44.2 Q3
Timeliness 60 60 47.7 Q3
Logistics Performance 49 49 47.4 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 38 38 58.6 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 43 49 27.5 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 60 64 63.8 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 53 53 38.4 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 47 47 47.0 Q2
Underlying Factors 42 41 49.7 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 43 39 2.9 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 56 57 1.6 Q3

60
Number of BITs Accumulated 24 22 50.9 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 28 24 18.5 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 54 54 54.0 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 29 32 46.3 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 28 36 42.1 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
66 66 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 41 41 75.3 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 34 36 43.7 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 33 34 36.2 Q2

GFCA Index 38 39 50.7 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
64.0 65.1
Development
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
49.7 49.7 50.8 50.7
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation 37.4 36.2
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Bulgaria Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3

61
Country Profile

Burkina Faso
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
62
Burkina Faso
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 15.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 26.1
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.4
Population Persons (Millions) 20.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 18.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 30 36 92.3 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 18 38 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 95 93 56.7 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 91 94 59.7 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 39 40 82.7 Q2
RER Volatility 11 10 96.8 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 107 107 16.9 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 55 58 72.2 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 100 99 3.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 103 103 2.9 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 72 72 28.9 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 90 91 11.8 Q4
Voice and Accountability 57 57 52.8 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 80 89 44.7 Q4
Government Effectiveness 82 81 34.4 Q3
Regulatory Quality 75 78 40.1 Q3
Rule of Law 72 72 43.5 Q3
Control of Corruption 53 52 39.6 Q2
Institutional Environment 69 71 42.5 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 49 54 84.4 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 60 64 73.7 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 92 92 34.4 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 106 106 30.1 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 99 30.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 82 82 39.6 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 99 100 23.7 Q4
Business Environment 99 99 45.2 Q4
Prerequisites 88 91 48.4 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 105 104 1.4 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 100 99 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 106 106 6.9 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 57 58 14.5 Q3
Applied Tariff 93 93 45.2 Q4
Trading Across Borders 78 80 66.9 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 96 96 22.7 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 8 6 57.4 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 101 101 3.1 Q4
Mean years of schooling 109 109 1.0 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 102 100 10.0 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 106 106 9.8 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 103 102 16.3 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 41 43 43.4 Q2
Total tax rate 49 51 32.3 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 85 86 50.7 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 78 80 66.9 Q3
Cost Components 69 70 48.3 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 83 83 34.0 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 83 83 23.6 Q4
International shipments 57 57 43.8 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 87 87 23.7 Q4
Tracking and tracing 97 97 18.0 Q4
Timeliness 78 78 34.6 Q3
Logistics Performance 80 80 29.6 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 103 102 1.1 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 101 98 1.6 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 101 101 14.6 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 84 80 29.8 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 98 98 11.8 Q4
Underlying Factors 96 95 25.7 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 98 98 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 104 104 1.0 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 88 87 14.0 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 92 92 5.4 Q4

63
Market Sophistication Index 92 91 40.9 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 108 90 14.2 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 86 82 17.8 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 101 101 23.1 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 102 98 19.4 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 102 100 15.2 Q4

GFCA Index 99 95 28.5 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional
47.1
48.4
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30 Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 28.5
26.9
0 25.2 25.7
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies
15.2
13.0
Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Burkina Faso Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

64
Country Profile

Cambodia
-2020-

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65
Cambodia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 29.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 24.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.3
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.5
Population Persons (Millions) 16.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -3.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -12.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 23.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 46 3 99.0 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 68 64 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 102 105 48.7 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 28 40 73.7 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 20 16 87.7 Q1
RER Volatility 32 33 92.8 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 34 30 38.3 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 29 28 77.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 86 85 9.1 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 89 89 8.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 89 91 18.3 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 94 92 11.8 Q4
Voice and Accountability 93 95 20.0 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 49 46 68.7 Q2
Government Effectiveness 89 87 32.8 Q4
Regulatory Quality 83 84 38.2 Q4
Rule of Law 101 101 28.6 Q4
Control of Corruption 102 103 9.6 Q4
Institutional Environment 92 92 33.0 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 107 108 37.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 106 106 48.2 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 81 83 39.9 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 93 93 57.9 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 11 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 88 88 37.2 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 107 107 7.4 Q4
Business Environment 101 101 44.0 Q4
Prerequisites 93 94 47.0 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 96 96 2.2 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 95 95 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 97 96 15.9 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 11 11 39.3 Q1
Applied Tariff 104 103 33.2 Q4
Trading Across Borders 76 77 67.6 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 88 87 26.5 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 59 57 5.9 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 96 96 4.3 Q4
Mean years of schooling 98 98 26.5 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 88 88 26.8 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 87 87 35.5 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 96 96 19.8 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 108 106 5.6 Q4
Total tax rate 101 98 13.3 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 80 80 56.7 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 76 77 67.6 Q3
Cost Components 103 102 35.8 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 89 89 32.4 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 101 101 12.3 Q4
International shipments 64 64 37.3 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 92 92 21.6 Q4
Tracking and tracing 88 88 22.8 Q4
Timeliness 73 73 40.2 Q3
Logistics Performance 84 84 27.8 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 88 86 3.2 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 96 94 1.9 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 88 86 38.0 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 59 50 38.6 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 88 87 20.4 Q4
Underlying Factors 95 93 26.1 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 69 74 1.3 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 78 77 1.3 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 71 70 21.0 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 77 76 7.8 Q3

66
Market Sophistication Index 29 26 64.9 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 75 89 14.6 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 71 66 24.5 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
80 80 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 93 93 32.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 73 75 27.5 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 75 75 21.6 Q3

GFCA Index 89 88 30.9 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 45.5 47.0
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Environment & 30 Business 30.3 30.9
Environment
Differentiation
15 25.3 26.1
21.8 21.6
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Cambodia East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4

67
Country Profile

Cameroon
-2020-

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68
Cameroon
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 40.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 4.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 17.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.2
Population Persons (Millions) 26.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 28.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 13 21 95.3 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 30 22 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 71 70 62.1 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 86 77 66.4 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 26 34 83.7 Q2
RER Volatility 73 75 80.8 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 30 34 36.8 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 42 41 75.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 101 102 3.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 105 105 2.4 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 99 86 20.2 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 106 101 8.6 Q4
Voice and Accountability 87 91 22.7 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 93 93 39.5 Q4
Government Effectiveness 93 95 29.3 Q4
Regulatory Quality 95 94 31.0 Q4
Rule of Law 99 99 29.2 Q4
Control of Corruption 101 101 12.9 Q4
Institutional Environment 100 102 27.4 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 54 63 81.9 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 97 97 60.8 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 107 107 17.9 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 86 86 61.7 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 100 100 22.7 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 101 102 21.7 Q4
Business Environment 96 96 46.7 Q4
Prerequisites 98 99 45.3 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 95 95 2.3 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 84 85 1.2 Q4
Trade performance Index 82 85 22.9 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 92 94 7.0 Q4
Applied Tariff 107 107 25.9 Q4
Trading Across Borders 107 107 16.8 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 107 108 12.7 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 30 28 18.6 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 95 95 5.0 Q4
Mean years of schooling 88 88 38.0 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 76 72 36.1 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 91 91 32.5 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 88 87 26.0 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 58 57 37.2 Q3
Total tax rate 14 15 49.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 103 103 28.9 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 107 107 16.8 Q4
Cost Components 106 106 33.1 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 79 79 35.9 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 72 72 29.1 Q3
International shipments 60 60 41.4 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 75 75 29.4 Q3
Tracking and tracing 92 92 20.9 Q4
Timeliness 105 105 12.1 Q4
Logistics Performance 83 83 28.1 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 102 101 1.2 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 85 82 7.0 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 96 96 22.0 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 94 97 19.7 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 93 96 12.5 Q4
Underlying Factors 101 103 22.5 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 90 89 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 96 95 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 84 82 14.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 89 89 5.7 Q4

69
Market Sophistication Index 97 90 41.1 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 53 87 15.3 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 78 78 18.7 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 89 89 35.4 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 88 90 22.3 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 88 90 17.3 Q4

GFCA Index 95 99 27.3 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 45.3
75
Development 43.9
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment 27.5 27.3
Differentiation
15
22.5 22.5
0
Agglomeration 18.7
Prerequisites 17.3
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Cameroon Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

70
Country Profile

Canada
-2020-

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71
Canada
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,812.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 40.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.0
Population Persons (Millions) 37.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -30.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 33 20 95.4 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 25 36 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 65 63 63.9 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 25 34 75.2 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 94 92 62.7 Q4
RER Volatility 108 107 34.7 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 82 83 21.5 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 104 100 64.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 3 3 98.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 7 7 77.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 13 14 73.3 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 7 7 82.9 Q1
Voice and Accountability 8 8 94.0 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 4 6 90.4 Q1
Government Effectiveness 10 9 89.8 Q1
Regulatory Quality 9 10 90.5 Q1
Rule of Law 8 10 94.8 Q1
Control of Corruption 8 9 92.2 Q1
Institutional Environment 8 8 92.0 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 2 2 97.7 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 44 47 78.3 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 28 28 73.0 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 81 81 64.1 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 7 9 85.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 6 7 90.3 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 65 67 51.9 Q3
Business Environment 22 24 77.2 Q1
Prerequisites 14 14 78.0 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 10 11 61.2 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 10 9 9.3 Q1
Trade performance Index 13 12 79.9 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 60 61 13.9 Q3
Applied Tariff 37 8 84.7 Q1
Trading Across Borders 35 35 88.5 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 15 13 56.3 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 69 66 4.4 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 22 22 54.7 Q1
Mean years of schooling 4 4 93.7 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 32 31 58.5 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 12 12 94.6 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 18 18 61.2 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 81 80 26.1 Q3
Total tax rate 104 96 14.8 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 16 16 86.7 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 35 35 88.5 Q2
Cost Components 52 49 54.0 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 18 18 80.8 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 21 21 75.5 Q1
International shipments 28 28 68.0 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 14 14 83.0 Q1
Tracking and tracing 21 21 78.1 Q1
Timeliness 22 22 78.6 Q1
Logistics Performance 20 20 77.3 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 12 12 84.1 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 13 15 63.2 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 11 11 92.5 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 90 88 26.4 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 17 16 66.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 20 20 63.1 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 12 12 7.8 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 8 8 14.3 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 57 57 25.6 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 33 31 15.9 Q2

72
Market Sophistication Index 3 2 92.3 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 22 21 64.4 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 22 18 56.8 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
8 8 3.5 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 21 21 88.8 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 16 15 61.2 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 16 15 47.6 Q1

GFCA Index 19 17 63.5 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
76.4 78.0
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 62.7 63.1 62.4 63.5


Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 46.1 47.6

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Canada OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

73
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

74
Country Profile

Central African Republic


-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
75
Central African Republic
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 2.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 18.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.6
Population Persons (Millions) 5.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 16.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 109 109 1.0 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 77 53 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 97 95 56.0 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 20 20 78.8 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 58 49 79.8 Q2
RER Volatility 42 35 91.4 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 45 46 31.7 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 99 103 62.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 108 109 1.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 109 109 1.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 108 108 3.0 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 109 109 1.7 Q4
Voice and Accountability 95 94 20.9 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 104 105 20.7 Q4
Government Effectiveness 108 108 6.7 Q4
Regulatory Quality 107 106 16.6 Q4
Rule of Law 108 108 13.3 Q4
Control of Corruption 103 102 11.3 Q4
Institutional Environment 107 106 14.9 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 106 106 51.4 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 108 108 37.1 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 104 104 20.6 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 107 107 25.4 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 95 35.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 102 102 20.3 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 108 108 6.8 Q4
Business Environment 108 108 28.2 Q4
Prerequisites 107 107 31.8 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 109 109 1.0 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 109 109 1.0 Q4
Trade performance Index 78 80 24.0 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 88 93 7.1 Q4
Applied Tariff 103 102 37.6 Q4
Trading Across Borders 96 97 52.8 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 99 99 20.6 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 18 15 40.2 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 109 109 1.0 Q4
Mean years of schooling 100 100 22.8 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 108 107 2.3 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 109 109 1.0 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 106 106 13.5 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 50 50 40.2 Q2
Total tax rate 3 3 65.6 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 107 107 9.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 96 97 52.8 Q4
Cost Components 93 95 42.0 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 96 96 27.2 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 108 108 3.8 Q4
International shipments 103 103 11.8 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 108 108 1.8 Q4
Tracking and tracing 107 107 5.3 Q4
Timeliness 109 109 1.0 Q4
Logistics Performance 108 108 8.5 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 107 105 1.0 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 109 106 1.1 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 109 109 1.0 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 109 109 1.0 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 109 109 1.0 Q4
Underlying Factors 108 108 17.1 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 108 107 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 108 108 1.0 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 106 106 4.1 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 109 109 2.0 Q4

76
Market Sophistication Index 106 106 1.0 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 102 103 1.8 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 106 103 5.5 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 108 108 5.1 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 108 108 2.9 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 109 109 2.6 Q4

GFCA Index 109 109 13.3 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 31.8
75
Development 30.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
16.6 17.1
0
Agglomeration 12.7
13.3
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential 2.4 2.6
Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Central African Republic Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

77
Country Profile

Chad
-2020-

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78
Chad
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 11.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 14.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 2.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.0
Population Persons (Millions) 13.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -6.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 29.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 97 101 58.2 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 7 18 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 94 89 58.2 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 21 19 78.9 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 51 48 80.1 Q2
RER Volatility 59 64 83.6 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 86 84 21.1 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 80 86 68.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 97 97 4.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 108 108 1.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 92 102 15.0 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 104 108 7.0 Q4
Voice and Accountability 100 103 13.5 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 96 98 35.5 Q4
Government Effectiveness 107 106 12.5 Q4
Regulatory Quality 104 102 22.5 Q4
Rule of Law 105 105 22.9 Q4
Control of Corruption 107 107 5.8 Q4
Institutional Environment 104 104 18.8 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 108 107 37.3 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 104 103 51.0 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 87 86 39.4 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 105 105 32.9 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 99 30.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 104 104 17.9 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 93 94 31.5 Q4
Business Environment 106 106 34.4 Q4
Prerequisites 105 105 37.1 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 103 105 1.3 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 104 104 1.0 Q4
Trade performance Index 101 101 14.1 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 52 54 16.9 Q2
Applied Tariff 108 108 3.2 Q4
Trading Across Borders 101 101 37.7 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 108 109 12.4 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 14 11 45.7 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 102 102 3.0 Q4
Mean years of schooling 107 107 7.8 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 109 109 1.0 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 108 108 5.1 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 108 107 12.5 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 20 18 57.2 Q1
Total tax rate 10 9 55.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 108 108 8.3 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 101 101 37.7 Q4
Cost Components 99 99 39.6 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 100 100 23.9 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 85 85 21.2 Q4
International shipments 98 98 15.1 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 74 74 30.3 Q3
Tracking and tracing 98 98 16.7 Q4
Timeliness 100 100 14.7 Q4
Logistics Performance 98 98 20.3 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 108 106 1.0 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 108 105 1.1 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 108 108 3.2 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 105 105 8.2 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 108 108 3.4 Q4
Underlying Factors 107 107 17.7 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 102 106 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 99 98 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 95 94 11.7 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 98 99 4.6 Q4

79
Market Sophistication Index 106 106 1.0 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 102 103 1.8 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 106 103 5.5 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 109 109 1.0 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 109 109 2.0 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 108 108 2.8 Q4

GFCA Index 108 108 14.6 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 37.1
36.0
75
Development
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
17.4 17.7
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites 14.0 14.6
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential 2.6 2.8
Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Chad Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

80
Country Profile

Chile
-2020-

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81
Chile
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 308.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 25.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.8
Population Persons (Millions) 19.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -9.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 23.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.9

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 56 53 88.1 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 81 74 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 60 66 63.0 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 57 57 70.1 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 11 13 89.3 Q1
RER Volatility 25 25 94.1 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 28 31 37.6 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 22 26 77.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 25 24 59.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 41 43 45.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 80 82 23.1 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 39 39 42.5 Q2
Voice and Accountability 26 24 81.0 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 36 35 74.9 Q2
Government Effectiveness 30 30 70.9 Q2
Regulatory Quality 18 19 80.9 Q1
Rule of Law 21 23 78.3 Q1
Control of Corruption 22 23 70.0 Q1
Institutional Environment 23 23 76.0 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 43 39 88.7 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 29 33 81.4 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 43 47 63.3 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 31 31 85.8 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 61 66 55.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 37 42 68.6 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 37 39 65.2 Q2
Business Environment 37 40 72.6 Q2
Prerequisites 28 29 71.1 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 45 44 19.2 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 41 41 2.3 Q2
Trade performance Index 77 83 23.7 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 75 76 11.4 Q3
Applied Tariff 73 71 60.7 Q3
Trading Across Borders 48 51 80.8 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 65 66 33.0 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 21 23 32.3 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 50 51 31.9 Q2
Mean years of schooling 43 43 70.6 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 20 19 61.0 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 38 38 81.5 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 35 36 55.5 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 101 100 11.1 Q4
Total tax rate 75 76 24.7 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 51 56 72.4 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 48 51 80.8 Q2
Cost Components 77 79 47.2 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 30 30 67.9 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 32 32 54.2 Q2
International shipments 35 35 62.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 40 40 51.1 Q2
Tracking and tracing 41 41 52.2 Q2
Timeliness 30 30 70.8 Q2
Logistics Performance 32 32 59.7 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 47 46 38.0 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 45 47 27.7 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 26 29 83.5 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 43 28 44.7 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 46 44 48.5 Q2
Underlying Factors 44 46 48.8 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 42 38 2.9 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 21 21 4.6 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 37 36 38.6 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 37 35 15.4 Q2

82
Market Sophistication Index 47 41 58.9 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 45 47 32.7 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 46 57 29.4 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
30 31 1.2 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 37 37 77.4 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 41 45 39.9 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 43 44 32.6 Q2

GFCA Index 40 40 50.6 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 70.3 71.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 50.5 50.6
Environment & 30
Business 48.5 48.8
Environment
Differentiation
15

0 33.1 32.6
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Chile OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

83
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

84
Country Profile

china
-2020-

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85
China
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 15,269.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 35.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -5.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.4
Population Persons (Millions) 1,404.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 138.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP 0.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 42.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 23 44 91.1 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 47 52 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 36 37 70.3 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 81 86 60.9 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 48 55 78.7 Q2
RER Volatility 61 60 84.7 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 7 7 61.0 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 10 18 78.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 26 25 57.9 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 51 50 39.6 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 2 2 97.7 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 21 19 65.1 Q1
Voice and Accountability 106 105 10.4 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 68 65 58.3 Q3
Government Effectiveness 42 42 57.7 Q2
Regulatory Quality 69 65 45.4 Q3
Rule of Law 65 63 47.2 Q3
Control of Corruption 57 59 36.0 Q3
Institutional Environment 73 72 42.5 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 19 24 91.2 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 64 28 82.5 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 24 24 75.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 13 11 95.4 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 48 24 75.9 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 7 3 94.9 Q1
Business Environment 21 16 82.3 Q1
Prerequisites 35 33 68.4 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 56 55 12.4 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 2 2 64.8 Q1
Trade performance Index 17 17 76.0 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 97 96 6.4 Q4
Applied Tariff 64 66 64.5 Q3
Trading Across Borders 43 37 87.3 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 28 28 51.9 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 64 64 4.8 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 71 70 18.6 Q3
Mean years of schooling 72 72 50.6 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 59 59 44.0 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 64 62 65.8 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 73 73 36.7 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 2 2 99.8 Q1
Total tax rate 7 10 54.5 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 68 68 65.0 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 43 37 87.3 Q2
Cost Components 4 3 76.6 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 29 29 68.3 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 20 20 75.6 Q1
International shipments 18 18 76.0 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 25 25 70.5 Q1
Tracking and tracing 26 26 71.2 Q1
Timeliness 26 26 72.8 Q1
Logistics Performance 25 25 72.4 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 33 30 61.9 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 59 58 23.4 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 73 75 54.3 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 73 61 37.0 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 53 53 44.1 Q2
Underlying Factors 33 32 56.4 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 5 4 15.6 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 5 5 21.2 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 2 2 98.5 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 3 2 45.1 Q1

86
Market Sophistication Index 24 16 67.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 8 13 74.7 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 5 5 80.5 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
1 1 100.0 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 53 53 70.7 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 2 2 78.6 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 2 2 68.5 Q1

GFCA Index 18 16 63.7 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 68.4 68.1 68.5
Positive Institutional 65.9
Externalities 60 environment 62.4 63.7

45 55.7 56.4
Tech.
30 Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

China East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4

87
Country Profile

Colombia
-2020-

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88
Colombia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 343.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.6
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 27.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.8
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.7
Population Persons (Millions) 50.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -13.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 9.5

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 34 49 89.0 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 78 80 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 75 79 61.3 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 64 62 69.3 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 53 54 78.7 Q2
RER Volatility 17 17 95.3 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 18 19 43.6 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 25 32 76.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 48 48 26.6 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 42 41 46.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 67 69 30.8 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 53 52 34.5 Q2
Voice and Accountability 56 54 56.5 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 86 82 47.4 Q3
Government Effectiveness 60 62 46.7 Q3
Regulatory Quality 47 48 57.9 Q2
Rule of Law 63 67 45.3 Q3
Control of Corruption 61 62 34.3 Q3
Institutional Environment 57 57 48.0 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 59 57 82.9 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 58 63 74.2 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 41 46 63.4 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 58 61 76.5 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 3 7 90.1 Q1
Protecting Investors 10 11 85.5 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 105 105 11.8 Q4
Business Environment 51 53 69.2 Q2
Prerequisites 50 53 61.4 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 60 60 9.4 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 34 35 2.6 Q2
Trade performance Index 56 55 39.7 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 100 101 5.4 Q4
Applied Tariff 47 43 78.1 Q2
Trading Across Borders 84 85 63.1 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 67 65 33.0 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 43 42 12.0 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 72 72 17.3 Q3
Mean years of schooling 66 66 54.3 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 52 53 48.6 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 56 56 66.9 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 66 65 39.8 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 54 35 47.7 Q2
Total tax rate 4 5 63.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 83 83 53.8 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 84 85 63.1 Q4
Cost Components 48 38 57.0 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 64 64 41.9 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 69 69 32.8 Q3
International shipments 43 43 58.2 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 53 53 40.5 Q2
Tracking and tracing 50 50 47.1 Q2
Timeliness 72 72 40.9 Q3
Logistics Performance 55 55 43.6 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 53 52 29.7 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 55 55 24.4 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 62 66 63.1 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 37 33 42.8 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 57 58 40.0 Q3
Underlying Factors 62 62 42.7 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 28 24 4.2 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 32 31 3.4 Q2

89
Number of BITs Accumulated 90 89 13.3 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 82 80 7.0 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 35 45 57.4 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 50 50 31.7 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 62 67 24.4 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
36 36 1.2 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 50 50 71.4 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 50 56 37.2 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 60 59 28.1 Q3

GFCA Index 59 60 44.0 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 60.2 61.4
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business 41.9 42.7 43.6 44.0
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0 28.7 28.1
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Colombia Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2018 Rank 2019 Value 2019 2019
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

90
Country Profile

Cote d'Ivoire
-2020-

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91
Cote d'Ivoire
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 48.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 7.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 23.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.0
Population Persons (Millions) 27.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.8
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 94 99 65.7 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 17 2 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 65 76 61.4 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 82 81 64.5 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 54 56 78.3 Q3
RER Volatility 33 34 92.4 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 48 49 31.1 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 62 74 70.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 58 60 21.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 96 96 5.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 70 64 32.0 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 78 78 19.7 Q3
Voice and Accountability 69 67 45.2 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 90 90 44.0 Q4
Government Effectiveness 91 91 32.2 Q4
Regulatory Quality 76 74 42.5 Q3
Rule of Law 81 79 39.2 Q3
Control of Corruption 71 72 29.5 Q3
Institutional Environment 78 77 38.8 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 15 20 91.7 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 91 96 61.8 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 75 75 44.9 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 90 92 59.6 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 82 82 39.6 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 68 64 52.7 Q3
Business Environment 69 73 60.1 Q3
Prerequisites 80 80 52.4 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 94 94 2.4 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 83 83 1.2 Q4
Trade performance Index 74 71 27.8 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 61 68 12.9 Q3
Applied Tariff 84 83 50.0 Q4
Trading Across Borders 95 96 52.9 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 92 91 24.5 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 38 37 13.6 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 89 89 7.3 Q4
Mean years of schooling 94 93 29.6 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 98 98 15.6 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 101 99 24.3 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 98 99 18.1 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 37 37 47.1 Q2
Total tax rate 21 22 41.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 101 69 64.2 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 95 96 52.9 Q4
Cost Components 82 61 51.4 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 49 49 48.4 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 53 53 41.5 Q2
International shipments 42 42 58.9 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 34 34 55.3 Q2
Tracking and tracing 46 46 49.3 Q2
Timeliness 65 65 43.6 Q3
Logistics Performance 46 46 49.5 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 92 90 2.5 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 91 89 3.0 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 82 82 45.1 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 32 25 44.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 83 80 23.9 Q3
Underlying Factors 80 78 33.5 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 65 66 1.4 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 91 92 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 95 94 11.7 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 97 97 4.8 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 100 89 41.5 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 98 76 19.5 Q3

92
Knowledge and technology outputs 72 65 24.7 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
95 96 1.0 Q4
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 103 103 20.1 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 101 94 21.3 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 101 97 16.4 Q4

GFICA Index 88 83 33.0 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFICA Index Structure and
75 Development 52.4
51.0
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment & 33.5
Differentiation
Environment 32.1 33.0
15 30.4

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies
16.4
13.2
Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Cote d'Ivoire Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

93
Country Profile

Cyprus
-2020-

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94
Cyprus
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 25.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 41.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 4.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.6
Population Persons (Millions) 0.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -7.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 80 90 75.0 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 14 10 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 96 98 54.0 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 35 25 77.4 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 99 97 59.0 Q4
RER Volatility 28 32 92.9 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 97 97 17.9 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 81 91 68.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 35 33 44.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 18 16 65.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 82 85 21.2 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 38 38 43.5 Q2
Voice and Accountability 21 21 81.8 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 32 31 78.1 Q2
Government Effectiveness 31 32 69.8 Q2
Regulatory Quality 28 28 73.6 Q1
Rule of Law 31 32 71.4 Q2
Control of Corruption 26 29 62.0 Q2
Institutional Environment 27 28 72.8 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 36 36 89.5 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 78 84 69.0 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 52 52 58.5 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 52 56 78.6 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 19 19 80.7 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 82 85 36.9 Q4
Business Environment 56 60 67.7 Q3
Prerequisites 37 42 65.9 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 26 25 35.0 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 94 94 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 52 54 40.5 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 18 17 32.5 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 34 34 88.6 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 36 36 47.0 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 99 101 1.1 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 49 49 32.2 Q2
Mean years of schooling 25 25 84.2 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 49 49 49.3 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 29 28 86.0 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 45 46 50.6 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 78 77 26.7 Q3
Total tax rate 99 99 12.6 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 35 25 83.8 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 34 34 88.6 Q2
Cost Components 58 54 52.9 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 35 35 59.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 52 52 41.7 Q2
International shipments 47 47 55.8 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 49 49 46.2 Q2
Tracking and tracing 45 45 49.8 Q2
Timeliness 43 43 62.5 Q2
Logistics Performance 44 44 52.5 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 16 16 78.4 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 20 18 61.1 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 31 27 84.2 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 21 19 46.5 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 18 14 67.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 37 37 54.1 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 87 90 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 24 24 4.0 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 71 72 20.2 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 69 69 8.4 Q3

95
Market Sophistication Index 20 20 66.5 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 24 22 60.0 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 17 19 56.7 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
91 93 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 32 32 82.3 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 23 22 53.3 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 26 25 39.8 Q1

GFCA Index 34 34 53.9 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 65.4 65.9
Development
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 53.5 54.1 53.3 53.9
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Differentiation
Environment 39.4 39.8
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Cyprus OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

96
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

97
Country Profile

Czech Republic
-2020-

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98
Czech Republic
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 261.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.6
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 41.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.3
Population Persons (Millions) 10.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.2
Total investment Percent of GDP 26.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 2.3

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 70 57 87.5 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 37 35 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 37 39 69.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 9 15 79.7 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 23 21 86.2 Q1
RER Volatility 48 43 89.7 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 31 28 38.7 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 18 13 78.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 56 56 22.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 60 61 29.6 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 30 30 53.7 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 51 50 35.4 Q2
Voice and Accountability 24 27 79.8 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 14 10 87.9 Q1
Government Effectiveness 28 28 71.1 Q1
Regulatory Quality 27 23 76.5 Q1
Rule of Law 23 24 77.9 Q1
Control of Corruption 34 34 56.5 Q2
Institutional Environment 24 24 75.0 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 77 81 76.3 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 94 99 60.5 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 23 23 75.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 9 10 95.6 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 66 69 50.6 Q3
Business Environment 44 46 70.4 Q2
Prerequisites 32 32 69.6 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 36 35 24.0 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 53 52 1.9 Q2
Trade performance Index 16 18 74.2 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 13 15 38.1 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 19 21 53.8 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 88 86 1.9 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 35 33 42.8 Q2
Mean years of schooling 10 11 89.0 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 17 17 63.2 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 24 24 88.9 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 25 25 57.1 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 7 8 77.0 Q1
Total tax rate 38 37 37.3 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 33 37 79.2 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 6 7 73.4 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 28 28 68.4 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 24 24 64.2 Q1
International shipments 10 10 87.0 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 19 19 75.5 Q1
Tracking and tracing 24 24 73.5 Q1
Timeliness 16 16 86.8 Q1
Logistics Performance 22 22 75.9 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 25 26 65.4 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 52 52 24.6 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 38 36 80.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 55 52 38.4 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 37 36 52.2 Q2
Underlying Factors 22 22 62.5 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 33 34 3.1 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 36 34 3.0 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 13 14 60.1 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 16 16 22.1 Q1

99
Market Sophistication Index 40 38 59.7 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 23 23 57.6 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 16 16 60.5 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
48 48 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 48 48 74.1 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 28 26 50.6 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 23 22 42.0 Q1

GFCA Index 25 25 58.8 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 68.5 69.6
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 62.5 62.5
58.3 58.8
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 41.4 42.0

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Czech Republic OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

100
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

101
Country Profile

Denmark
-2020-

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102
Denmark
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 360.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 51.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.5
Population Persons (Millions) 5.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 18.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 5.2
Total investment Percent of GDP 23.8
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 45 14 96.9 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 21 9 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 7 13 80.3 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 17 17 79.0 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 24 23 85.7 Q1
RER Volatility 23 23 94.2 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 35 37 36.1 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 8 6 81.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 15 16 80.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 31 34 49.9 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 28 25 54.8 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 23 23 61.7 Q1
Voice and Accountability 7 7 96.1 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 20 20 85.6 Q1
Government Effectiveness 6 6 91.3 Q1
Regulatory Quality 15 15 87.3 Q1
Rule of Law 6 6 96.3 Q1
Control of Corruption 4 3 98.9 Q1
Institutional Environment 6 7 92.6 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 28 32 90.4 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 3 4 94.1 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 6 8 90.7 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 17 19 90.3 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 24 24 75.9 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 12 13 81.4 Q1
Business Environment 8 9 84.7 Q1
Prerequisites 4 4 82.9 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 8 8 69.6 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 39 39 2.5 Q2
Trade performance Index 22 21 72.2 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 26 27 24.2 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 9 9 58.8 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 78 78 2.3 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 14 14 61.4 Q1
Mean years of schooling 14 14 88.2 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 4 4 78.4 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 10 10 95.9 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 8 8 65.2 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 103 102 8.9 Q4
Total tax rate 97 97 14.0 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 9 8 90.1 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 50 52 53.3 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 4 4 93.2 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 17 17 83.7 Q1
International shipments 19 19 75.7 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 9 9 87.5 Q1
Tracking and tracing 3 3 93.7 Q1
Timeliness 2 2 99.9 Q1
Logistics Performance 8 8 88.9 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 3 3 95.0 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 35 36 33.8 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 3 5 97.6 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 45 44 40.9 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 12 15 66.8 Q1
Underlying Factors 12 13 66.6 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 35 40 2.8 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 42 42 2.5 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 37 34 39.4 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 43 41 14.9 Q2

103
Market Sophistication Index 6 9 76.6 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 13 8 81.7 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 14 14 64.4 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
39 41 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 1 1 100.0 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 12 12 64.8 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 14 14 49.8 Q1

GFCA Index 10 9 67.1 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and
90
Development
82.1 82.9
Positive 75 Institutional
Externalities environment
60 66.8 66.6 66.5 67.1
45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30 Environment
Differentiation 48.7 49.8
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT
Resources Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Denmark OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

104
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

105
Country Profile

Dominican Republic
-2020-

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106
Dominican Republic
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 96.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 17.1
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 4.1
Population Persons (Millions) 10.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 25.4
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.5

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 55 54 87.7 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 71 69 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 51 51 66.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 70 70 67.5 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 50 53 78.8 Q2
RER Volatility 34 29 93.6 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 63 62 28.7 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 40 43 74.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 90 90 8.1 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 79 79 17.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 103 99 16.3 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 87 86 13.9 Q4
Voice and Accountability 53 53 56.9 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 41 45 68.9 Q2
Government Effectiveness 74 74 39.8 Q3
Regulatory Quality 59 60 47.9 Q3
Rule of Law 70 68 44.1 Q3
Control of Corruption 85 83 23.6 Q4
Institutional Environment 60 60 46.9 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 69 67 80.8 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 53 57 75.9 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 53 54 57.5 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 79 79 68.3 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 92 92 30.0 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 89 80 40.4 Q3
Business Environment 82 85 56.9 Q4
Prerequisites 73 75 54.1 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 57 57 10.6 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 66 66 1.4 Q3
Trade performance Index 65 63 35.9 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 81 82 10.2 Q3
Applied Tariff 55 54 72.1 Q2
Trading Across Borders 44 46 83.7 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 58 59 35.6 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 62 55 6.5 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 64 64 22.2 Q3
Mean years of schooling 71 71 51.2 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 57 58 45.3 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 66 65 63.7 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 70 70 37.8 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 54 54 37.8 Q2
Total tax rate 28 28 40.1 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 84 84 52.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 44 46 83.7 Q2
Cost Components 49 50 53.5 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 85 85 33.7 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 86 86 20.7 Q4
International shipments 68 68 36.1 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 90 90 23.0 Q4
Tracking and tracing 62 62 42.4 Q3
Timeliness 83 83 31.9 Q4
Logistics Performance 79 79 31.3 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 65 66 16.9 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 63 62 21.0 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 51 46 74.2 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 92 92 24.1 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 67 66 34.1 Q3
Underlying Factors 68 66 38.5 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 64 65 1.4 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 63 62 1.5 Q3

107
Number of BITs Accumulated 95 94 11.7 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 96 96 4.9 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 60 57 52.4 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 78 73 19.9 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 79 79 18.6 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
65 64 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 68 68 57.1 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 71 68 29.8 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 73 72 22.3 Q3

GFCA Index 72 72 38.0 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
54.1
75
Development 52.5
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 38.0 38.5 37.3 38.0
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
22.0 22.3
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Dominican Republic Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

108
Country Profile

Ecuador
-2020-

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109
Ecuador
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 109.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 0.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 5.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.2
Population Persons (Millions) 17.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 0.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 25.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.7

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 65 83 79.4 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 20 45 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 45 46 67.3 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 88 50 70.7 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 46 47 80.6 Q2
RER Volatility 62 65 83.5 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 84 84 21.1 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 63 60 71.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 89 89 8.2 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 75 75 19.6 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 85 88 19.9 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 84 84 15.9 Q4
Voice and Accountability 64 63 48.8 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 57 57 63.9 Q3
Government Effectiveness 75 73 39.9 Q3
Regulatory Quality 101 99 27.1 Q4
Rule of Law 94 87 37.3 Q4
Control of Corruption 77 75 27.1 Q3
Institutional Environment 76 74 40.7 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 102 104 59.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 71 77 71.4 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 59 53 58.2 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 64 68 72.5 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 78 79 42.0 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 63 65 52.6 Q3
Business Environment 78 84 57.4 Q4
Prerequisites 82 81 52.0 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 63 63 8.5 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 61 61 1.5 Q3
Trade performance Index 83 84 23.3 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 91 90 7.7 Q4
Applied Tariff 61 62 66.3 Q3
Trading Across Borders 65 67 71.4 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 76 78 29.8 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 31 36 14.1 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 76 76 14.0 Q3
Mean years of schooling 60 60 59.8 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 42 46 50.6 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 58 60 66.4 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 62 62 41.0 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 72 71 28.1 Q3
Total tax rate 80 75 25.1 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 82 82 53.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 65 67 71.4 Q3
Cost Components 86 88 44.6 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 46 46 49.3 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 66 66 35.0 Q3
International shipments 71 71 35.1 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 65 65 35.7 Q3
Tracking and tracing 52 52 46.5 Q2
Timeliness 68 68 41.8 Q3
Logistics Performance 59 59 40.6 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 60 60 25.4 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 54 56 24.0 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 70 71 57.4 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 89 87 27.5 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 68 67 33.6 Q3
Underlying Factors 69 70 37.9 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 68 69 1.4 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 79 80 1.2 Q3

110
Number of BITs Accumulated 104 103 5.6 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 106 105 2.7 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 59 70 49.2 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 80 83 16.7 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 91 83 17.7 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
56 57 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 64 64 62.1 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 69 70 29.3 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 76 76 21.3 Q3

GFCA Index 73 74 36.8 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 52.0
Positive Institutional 50.1
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 37.8 37.9
Environment & 30
Business 36.3 36.8
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration 21.5 21.3
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Ecuador Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

111
Country Profile

Egypt
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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112
Egypt
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 353.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 27.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 10.0
Population Persons (Millions) 101.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -9.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 17.9
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 7.9

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 16 37 92.1 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 102 103 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 84 80 61.2 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 105 105 47.4 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 96 93 60.9 Q4
RER Volatility 72 68 82.6 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 69 54 29.7 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 95 93 67.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 82 81 10.2 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 69 69 25.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 26 26 54.5 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 60 59 29.9 Q3
Voice and Accountability 99 98 17.6 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 98 97 35.8 Q4
Government Effectiveness 88 85 33.3 Q4
Regulatory Quality 96 96 29.1 Q4
Rule of Law 77 75 42.1 Q3
Control of Corruption 74 74 27.6 Q3
Institutional Environment 98 97 30.9 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 67 55 84.0 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 51 54 76.4 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 83 84 39.7 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 68 58 78.2 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 48 48 66.2 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 100 101 21.8 Q4
Business Environment 68 69 61.6 Q3
Prerequisites 84 84 51.3 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 77 76 5.7 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 30 29 2.9 Q2
Trade performance Index 47 47 51.6 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 89 83 9.4 Q4
Applied Tariff 88 89 47.0 Q4
Trading Across Borders 99 99 42.8 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 86 86 26.6 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 39 40 12.6 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 62 62 24.1 Q3
Mean years of schooling 77 77 45.9 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 67 66 38.7 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 76 77 56.1 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 74 74 35.5 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 19 27 51.5 Q1
Total tax rate 35 43 35.5 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 90 87 49.9 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 99 99 42.8 Q4
Cost Components 80 87 44.9 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 66 66 41.4 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 55 55 38.8 Q2
International shipments 65 65 37.2 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 59 59 38.5 Q3
Tracking and tracing 76 76 31.7 Q3
Timeliness 66 66 42.0 Q3
Logistics Performance 64 64 38.3 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 69 68 15.3 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 73 67 14.3 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 81 81 45.2 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 70 84 28.7 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 81 79 25.9 Q3
Underlying Factors 77 77 34.2 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 52 51 2.1 Q2

113
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 43 43 2.5 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 7 4 77.7 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 11 10 27.4 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 82 77 46.5 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 96 93 10.2 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 61 59 28.2 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
37 37 1.2 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 79 79 46.4 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 85 79 26.5 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 65 65 26.8 Q3

GFCA Index 74 73 37.4 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 51.3
75
Positive Institutional 48.4
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business 36.3 37.4
Environment & 30 34.6 34.2
Environment
Differentiation
15
25.5
26.8
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Egypt Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

114
Country Profile

Estonia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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115
Estonia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 32.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 40.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.4
Population Persons (Millions) 1.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP 0.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 28.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.7

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 102 55 87.6 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 58 67 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 29 29 71.9 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 26 30 75.7 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 2 2 96.4 Q1
RER Volatility 13 13 96.3 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 105 104 17.1 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 38 22 77.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 60 58 22.1 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 64 65 27.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 47 46 39.7 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 61 61 29.8 Q3
Voice and Accountability 15 15 86.4 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 29 29 79.9 Q2
Government Effectiveness 25 24 74.4 Q1
Regulatory Quality 14 14 87.5 Q1
Rule of Law 20 20 82.1 Q1
Control of Corruption 21 19 77.1 Q1
Institutional Environment 19 19 81.2 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 7 8 93.9 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 13 16 88.4 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 3 4 92.4 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 37 41 83.5 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 62 64 59.0 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 10 9 85.1 Q1
Business Environment 16 17 81.8 Q1
Prerequisites 21 20 73.7 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 35 33 25.8 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 91 92 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 27 26 70.0 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 12 14 38.3 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 15 15 99.9 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 23 23 53.3 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 73 72 4.1 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 41 40 38.9 Q2
Mean years of schooling 5 5 91.6 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 30 31 58.5 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 27 27 87.3 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 31 31 56.1 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 6 9 76.2 Q1
Total tax rate 29 31 39.0 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 14 12 88.7 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 15 15 99.9 Q1
Cost Components 3 4 76.0 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 26 26 69.8 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 41 41 49.8 Q2
International shipments 36 36 61.7 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 37 37 52.1 Q2
Tracking and tracing 40 40 52.3 Q2
Timeliness 29 29 70.8 Q2
Logistics Performance 34 34 59.4 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 22 19 72.1 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 30 30 44.5 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 15 18 89.3 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 17 13 49.2 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 23 23 63.8 Q1
Underlying Factors 25 26 61.7 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 67 62 1.4 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 76 76 1.3 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 66 64 22.5 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 72 70 8.4 Q3

116
Market Sophistication Index 32 37 60.0 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 28 26 50.6 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 29 25 48.9 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
84 87 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 16 16 91.7 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 26 27 50.4 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 32 31 37.8 Q2

GFCA Index 26 27 58.2 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 73.7
Development 71.7
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 61.7 61.7
57.6 58.2
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
37.8 37.8
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Estonia OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

117
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

118
Country Profile

Ethiopia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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119
Ethiopia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 103.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 7.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 14.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 12.7
Population Persons (Millions) 97.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -5.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP -5.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 35.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 15 43 91.4 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 100 97 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 100 96 55.3 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 71 73 67.0 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 68 67 75.1 Q3
RER Volatility 91 92 65.6 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 79 76 24.9 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 86 87 68.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 99 101 3.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 106 106 2.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 66 71 29.1 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 89 93 11.6 Q4
Voice and Accountability 103 101 15.1 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 99 99 31.3 Q4
Government Effectiveness 87 90 32.6 Q4
Regulatory Quality 100 101 25.8 Q4
Rule of Law 74 73 42.8 Q3
Control of Corruption 69 69 30.3 Q3
Institutional Environment 99 99 29.7 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 98 98 62.7 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 100 91 64.2 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 97 93 33.7 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 88 89 60.5 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 105 104 15.9 Q4
Protecting Investors 109 109 1.0 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 44 48 61.8 Q2
Business Environment 102 102 42.8 Q4
Prerequisites 103 102 43.1 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 104 103 1.4 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 64 64 1.4 Q3
Trade performance Index 88 86 21.5 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 98 99 5.7 Q4
Applied Tariff 106 106 27.8 Q4
Trading Across Borders 92 93 56.4 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 103 103 19.0 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 22 22 32.4 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 105 105 2.3 Q4
Mean years of schooling 106 106 10.7 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 100 101 9.6 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 104 104 16.3 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 104 103 14.3 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 82 81 25.6 Q3
Total tax rate 61 62 28.5 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 76 78 58.9 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 92 93 56.4 Q4
Cost Components 91 94 42.4 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 67 67 41.4 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 102 102 11.2 Q4
International shipments 88 88 25.2 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 95 95 19.9 Q4
Tracking and tracing 102 102 8.4 Q4
Timeliness 108 108 2.8 Q4
Logistics Performance 100 100 18.2 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 104 107 1.0 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 93 107 1.0 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 99 99 17.3 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 107 108 5.0 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 104 104 6.1 Q4
Underlying Factors 105 105 20.0 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 78 70 1.3 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 83 79 1.3 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 60 58 24.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 67 65 9.1 Q3

120
Market Sophistication Index 103 103 30.5 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 82 94 8.4 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 88 74 20.7 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
83 82 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 96 96 28.7 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 100 101 17.8 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 97 99 15.2 Q4

GFCA Index 103 102 24.8 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 43.1
Positive Institutional 41.0
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 24.4 24.8

0 19.9 20.0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies 15.4 15.2

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Ethiopia Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

121
Country Profile

Finland
-2020-

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122
Finland
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 280.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 53.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.3
Population Persons (Millions) 5.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 79 50 89.0 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 27 15 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 52 52 66.5 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 37 36 74.5 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 71 68 75.0 Q3
RER Volatility 64 67 83.0 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 90 90 19.5 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 67 56 72.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 16 15 80.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 50 53 36.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 9 8 82.1 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 19 18 66.3 Q1
Voice and Accountability 6 6 96.3 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 8 11 87.8 Q1
Government Effectiveness 5 3 92.9 Q1
Regulatory Quality 7 8 91.5 Q1
Rule of Law 1 1 100.0 Q1
Control of Corruption 2 2 99.7 Q1
Institutional Environment 4 4 94.7 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 29 21 91.4 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 30 34 81.4 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 26 26 74.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 19 21 89.1 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 31 32 68.2 Q2
Business Environment 25 28 75.6 Q1
Prerequisites 12 12 78.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 11 10 61.6 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 42 43 2.2 Q2
Trade performance Index 36 35 60.5 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 54 53 17.0 Q2
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 27 27 92.5 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 24 24 53.1 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 79 77 2.6 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 19 19 58.0 Q1
Mean years of schooling 19 19 86.6 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 3 3 79.7 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 11 11 95.0 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 12 12 64.4 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 34 40 46.5 Q2
Total tax rate 62 67 27.4 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 11 10 89.8 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 27 27 92.5 Q1
Cost Components 19 21 64.1 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 8 8 89.1 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 11 11 85.4 Q1
International shipments 16 16 77.4 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 15 15 82.6 Q1
Tracking and tracing 1 1 100.0 Q1
Timeliness 8 8 93.8 Q1
Logistics Performance 10 10 88.0 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 23 23 68.1 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 72 73 10.7 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 18 19 88.8 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 31 35 42.7 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 35 35 52.6 Q2
Underlying Factors 16 17 64.4 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 26 26 3.8 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 47 48 2.1 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 18 19 54.0 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 19 20 19.9 Q1

123
Market Sophistication Index 15 24 65.4 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 6 4 90.8 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 8 9 77.4 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
43 43 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 6 6 95.8 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 9 11 66.1 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 11 11 52.3 Q1

GFCA Index 13 13 65.7 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 77.1 78.4
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
64.6 64.4 65.3 65.7
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment & 52.0 52.3
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Finland OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

124
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

125
Country Profile

France
-2020-

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126
France
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 2,771.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 54.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.3
Population Persons (Millions) 65.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -13.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 23.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 8.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 28 12 97.0 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 22 8 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 48 46 67.3 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 72 68 67.6 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 98 98 58.7 Q4
RER Volatility 22 22 94.3 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 92 92 18.7 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 56 59 72.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 14 14 82.6 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 16 17 65.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 16 16 71.2 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 10 10 72.9 Q1
Voice and Accountability 18 19 84.8 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 50 50 67.8 Q2
Government Effectiveness 18 18 81.1 Q1
Regulatory Quality 24 26 75.9 Q1
Rule of Law 18 18 86.2 Q1
Control of Corruption 19 20 76.7 Q1
Institutional Environment 20 20 78.8 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 18 26 91.0 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 37 40 79.7 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 66 68 51.8 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 12 14 92.1 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 65 71 50.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 32 37 71.0 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 14 15 80.6 Q1
Business Environment 29 34 73.8 Q2
Prerequisites 18 18 74.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 19 19 51.8 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 5 6 13.8 Q1
Trade performance Index 3 5 88.1 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 62 62 13.8 Q3
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 10 10 58.7 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 100 98 1.1 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 16 15 60.6 Q1
Mean years of schooling 33 33 78.7 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 36 36 54.6 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 22 23 89.1 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 26 27 56.8 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 1 1 100.0 Q1
Total tax rate 12 11 52.5 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 41 44 76.7 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 1 1 82.3 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 19 19 80.3 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 12 12 85.2 Q1
International shipments 17 17 76.5 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 17 17 80.5 Q1
Tracking and tracing 12 12 86.2 Q1
Timeliness 14 14 87.7 Q1
Logistics Performance 16 16 82.7 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 2 2 96.5 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 1 1 100.0 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 32 31 81.7 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 71 68 34.0 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 4 4 78.1 Q1
Underlying Factors 4 3 71.7 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 4 6 14.8 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 11 11 11.6 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 6 6 76.2 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 6 6 34.2 Q1

127
Market Sophistication Index 11 12 72.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 18 18 70.8 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 18 15 62.3 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
13 13 2.1 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 9 9 95.5 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 15 16 60.5 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 10 10 52.6 Q1

GFCA Index 9 8 67.2 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
73.5 74.4 71.6 71.7
Development
75
Positive Institutional 66.7 67.2
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 52.1 52.6
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

France OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

128
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

129
Country Profile

Gabon
-2020-

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130
Gabon
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 17.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 18.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 3.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.0
Population Persons (Millions) 2.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 31.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 72 70 84.4 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 8 47 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 88 60 64.2 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 56 27 76.5 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 73 69 74.9 Q3
RER Volatility 14 9 97.0 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 56 72 26.5 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 49 42 74.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 98 98 3.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 85 85 8.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 102 92 18.0 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 99 99 10.2 Q4
Voice and Accountability 86 86 24.7 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 55 59 62.3 Q3
Government Effectiveness 94 96 28.1 Q4
Regulatory Quality 92 95 30.5 Q4
Rule of Law 80 84 38.1 Q4
Control of Corruption 84 87 22.1 Q4
Institutional Environment 84 89 34.3 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 73 58 82.8 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 88 90 64.3 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 105 105 19.3 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 98 99 50.3 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 83 88 40.6 Q4
Protecting Investors 104 104 17.9 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 106 106 9.3 Q4
Business Environment 103 104 40.6 Q4
Prerequisites 99 98 45.4 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 65 68 7.8 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 103 103 1.0 Q4
Trade performance Index 91 90 19.6 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 48 45 18.7 Q2
Applied Tariff 105 105 31.1 Q4
Trading Across Borders 98 98 44.5 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 101 100 20.5 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 12 13 41.7 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 38 38 39.1 Q2
Mean years of schooling 67 67 54.0 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 71 71 36.9 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 75 75 56.5 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 54 54 45.6 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 28 27 51.5 Q1
Total tax rate 33 33 38.3 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 104 104 28.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 98 98 44.5 Q4
Cost Components 96 97 40.7 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 106 106 16.1 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 106 106 10.2 Q4
International shipments 109 109 1.0 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 106 106 7.9 Q4
Tracking and tracing 108 108 3.7 Q4
Timeliness 98 98 17.2 Q4
Logistics Performance 107 107 9.3 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 90 83 3.9 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 95 91 2.7 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 63 67 62.3 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 33 20 46.2 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 77 75 28.8 Q3
Underlying Factors 86 86 29.0 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 100 97 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 92 91 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 91 90 12.5 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 95 95 4.9 Q4

131
Market Sophistication Index 104 104 5.3 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 102 103 1.8 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 20 21 55.0 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 84 84 39.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 95 96 20.5 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 98 98 15.8 Q4

GFCA Index 92 93 29.4 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 45.4
75
Development 43.6
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment 28.6 29.0 28.6 29.4
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies 15.3 15.8

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Gabon Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

132
Country Profile

Germany
-2020-

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133
Germany
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 3,982.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 45.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.7
Population Persons (Millions) 83.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 261.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP 6.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.3

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 64 41 91.6 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 38 19 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 6 8 82.3 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 7 9 81.3 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 76 72 74.1 Q3
RER Volatility 74 59 85.4 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 95 95 18.2 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 39 35 76.1 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 22 21 67.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 17 19 63.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 12 11 75.8 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 13 13.0 68.7 Q1
Voice and Accountability 9 9 91.5 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 28 30 79.5 Q2
Government Effectiveness 12 12 87.6 Q1
Regulatory Quality 10 9 90.9 Q1
Rule of Law 14 14 90.6 Q1
Control of Corruption 11 10 90.9 Q1
Institutional Environment 11 11.0 88.5 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 68 74 78.5 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 20 24 83.8 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 56 56 56.6 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 5 5 98.8 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 21 12 81.7 Q1
Business Environment 26 26.0 76.2 Q1
Prerequisites 13 13 78.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 22 36 23.2 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 6 12 8.0 Q1
Trade performance Index 2 2 90.1 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 44 42 19.6 Q2
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 29 29 91.9 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 13 25 52.9 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 98 97 1.2 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 20 21 57.6 Q1
Mean years of schooling 1 1 100.0 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 15 15 65.2 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 3 4 97.4 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 13 13 64.3 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 40 41 43.6 Q2
Total tax rate 26 28 40.1 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 31 35 80.1 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 29 29 91.9 Q2
Cost Components 23 22 63.9 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 1 1 100.0 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 1 1 100.0 Q1
International shipments 4 4 92.9 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 1 1 100.0 Q1
Tracking and tracing 2 2 96.4 Q1
Timeliness 3 3 99.1 Q1
Logistics Performance 1 1 98.1 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 8 8 88.7 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 4 4 86.2 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 24 17 89.7 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 26 36 42.6 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 5 5 76.8 Q1
Underlying Factors 3 4 71.2 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 3 3 17.1 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 10 9 13.2 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 1 1 100.0 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 2 3 43.4 Q1

134
Market Sophistication Index 18 16 67.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 12 11 76.1 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 10 10 73.8 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
5 5 5.7 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 12 12 95.2 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 13 13 63.5 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 6 6 57.5 Q1

GFCA Index 4 5 69.9 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and
90 Development
77.0 78.4
Positive 75 Institutional
72.0 71.2
Externalities environment 69.6 69.9
60

45
Tech.
Business
57.1 57.5
Environment & 30 Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Germany OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

135
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

136
Country Profile

Ghana
-2020-

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137
Ghana
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 69.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.6
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 21.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 9.2
Population Persons (Millions) 30.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -2.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 26.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 91 97 68.2 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 103 101 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 76 70 62.1 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 94 95 57.4 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 67 70 74.9 Q3
RER Volatility 92 94 64.1 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 73 71 27.1 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 98 99 64.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 83 83 9.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 90 90 7.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 107 107 8.8 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 100 100 8.7 Q4
Voice and Accountability 38 37 68.9 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 54 54 65.6 Q2
Government Effectiveness 68 67 44.0 Q3
Regulatory Quality 61 64 46.1 Q3
Rule of Law 49 50 55.3 Q2
Control of Corruption 55 55 38.6 Q2
Institutional Environment 49 49 53.1 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 63 70 80.2 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 72 70 72.6 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 72 74 46.1 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 62 59 77.6 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 60 60 61.4 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 76 76 46.4 Q3
Business Environment 64 67 63.5 Q3
Prerequisites 75 76 54.0 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 88 88 3.0 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 71 71 1.3 Q3
Trade performance Index 94 95 16.2 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 55 55 15.3 Q2
Applied Tariff 57 57 70.4 Q3
Trading Across Borders 93 94 55.3 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 84 84 26.9 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 20 20 35.3 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 90 90 7.1 Q4
Mean years of schooling 79 79 45.1 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 86 87 28.3 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 86 86 37.9 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 81 81 30.7 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 68 68 30.1 Q3
Total tax rate 79 16 47.0 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 67 85 50.9 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 93 94 55.3 Q4
Cost Components 89 85 45.8 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 80 80 35.6 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 80 80 24.0 Q3
International shipments 90 90 23.7 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 80 80 25.7 Q3
Tracking and tracing 85 85 25.2 Q4
Timeliness 89 89 26.6 Q4
Logistics Performance 87 87 26.8 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 98 97 1.4 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 94 92 2.6 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 85 85 38.5 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 41 21 45.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 86 85 22.1 Q4
Underlying Factors 83 84 30.5 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 65 59 1.5 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 68 65 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 68 67 21.7 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 74 73 8.2 Q3

138
Market Sophistication Index 91 97 38.7 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 66 71 20.4 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 85 76 20.1 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
89 85 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 72 72 52.8 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 75 78 26.6 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 77 77 21.1 Q3

GFCA Index 79 79 34.3 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
54.0
75
Development 52.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment 33.6 34.3
Differentiation
15 29.6 30.5

0
Agglomeration 21.3 21.1
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Ghana Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

139
Country Profile

Greece
-2020-

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140
Greece
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 222.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 47.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 2.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 0.9
Population Persons (Millions) 10.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -7.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 15.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 16.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 89 95 70.2 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 15 6 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 64 67 62.9 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 15 22 78.6 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 108 107 24.6 Q4
RER Volatility 90 86 74.9 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 96 96 18.1 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 106 105 61.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 33 35 42.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 20 23 60.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 22 27 54.3 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 27 30 52.2 Q2
Voice and Accountability 34 33 73.4 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 60 55 64.9 Q2
Government Effectiveness 46 45 54.7 Q2
Regulatory Quality 50 49 54.9 Q2
Rule of Law 48 48 56.0 Q2
Control of Corruption 50 49 40.3 Q2
Institutional Environment 44 43 57.3 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 30 7 94.7 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 56 61 74.6 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 100 99 27.7 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 32 32 84.9 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 42 30 73.4 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 87 88 36.1 Q4
Business Environment 67 68 62.4 Q3
Prerequisites 61 64 59.4 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 34 34 25.7 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 49 50 2.0 Q2
Trade performance Index 41 43 53.5 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 59 56 15.2 Q3
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 25 25 93.8 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 39 39 45.8 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 94 93 1.3 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 34 36 41.9 Q2
Mean years of schooling 41 41 71.1 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 14 14 66.5 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 28 29 85.7 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 39 40 53.3 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 21 19 57.0 Q1
Total tax rate 19 20 43.3 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 47 50 74.5 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 25 25 93.8 Q1
Cost Components 12 13 67.1 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 45 45 50.8 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 35 35 52.7 Q2
International shipments 32 32 63.9 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 44 44 48.3 Q2
Tracking and tracing 42 42 51.0 Q2
Timeliness 40 40 64.3 Q2
Logistics Performance 39 39 55.2 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 14 13 81.3 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 7 8 81.4 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 48 53 72.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 50 59 37.0 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 13 13 68.0 Q1
Underlying Factors 30 30 57.9 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 56 58 1.6 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 70 66 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 44 43 34.0 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 51 51 12.3 Q2

141
Market Sophistication Index 42 46 57.3 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 56 52 31.4 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 53 51 32.7 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
54 52 1.0 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 31 31 83.5 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 43 41 41.2 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 46 45 32.5 Q2

GFCA Index 41 41 50.5 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional 57.9 59.4 57.9 57.9
Externalities 60 environment

45
49.8 50.5
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
32.0 32.5
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Greece OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

142
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

143
Country Profile

Guatemala
-2020-

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144
Guatemala
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 86.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 12.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 4.2
Population Persons (Millions) 18.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP 0.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 11.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 10 6 97.9 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 75 68 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 35 37 70.3 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 42 49 71.3 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 13 12 89.7 Q1
RER Volatility 53 50 88.0 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 37 29 38.4 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 12 11 79.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 92 95 6.1 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 62 63 28.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 74 76 27.1 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 75 75 20.7 Q3
Voice and Accountability 68 70 44.0 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 75 74 52.8 Q3
Government Effectiveness 86 88 32.8 Q4
Regulatory Quality 67 67 44.6 Q3
Rule of Law 98 98 29.4 Q4
Control of Corruption 83 86 23.1 Q4
Institutional Environment 80 81 37.8 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 53 61 82.6 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 75 78 70.2 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 63 63 54.2 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 34 35 84.4 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 7 9 85.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 97 97 25.1 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 104 104 12.3 Q4
Business Environment 73 77 59.1 Q3
Prerequisites 71 73 54.7 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 74 74 6.3 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 67 67 1.4 Q3
Trade performance Index 66 65 35.0 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 84 87 8.6 Q4
Applied Tariff 53 55 71.3 Q2
Trading Across Borders 55 55 77.4 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 63 64 33.3 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 54 54 6.6 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 77 79 11.9 Q3
Mean years of schooling 84 85 39.9 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 92 93 22.4 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 82 82 47.9 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 87 90 25.7 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 70 69 29.3 Q3
Total tax rate 71 71 25.9 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 62 64 66.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 55 55 77.4 Q2
Cost Components 63 65 49.9 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 99 99 24.0 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 95 95 14.3 Q4
International shipments 101 101 13.2 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 100 100 15.0 Q4
Tracking and tracing 95 95 18.6 Q4
Timeliness 75 75 38.1 Q3
Logistics Performance 97 97 20.5 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 76 107 1.0 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 53 54 24.5 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 54 60 65.5 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 57 55 38.2 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 64 68 32.3 Q3
Underlying Factors 79 80 32.3 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 80 79 1.2 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 84 83 1.2 Q4

145
Number of BITs Accumulated 81 79 16.3 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 85 84 6.3 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 77 72 49.0 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 47 45 33.8 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 95 94 14.0 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
62 62 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 78 78 47.6 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 72 71 29.1 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 74 73 22.2 Q3

GFCA Index 77 76 35.8 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 53.4 54.7
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Environment & 30
Business 35.5 35.8
Environment 32.9 32.3
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
21.9 22.2
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Guatemala Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2018 Rank 2019 Value 2019 2019
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

146
Country Profile

Honduras
-2020-

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147
Honduras
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 25.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 27.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.8
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 4.2
Population Persons (Millions) 9.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 26.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 40 8 97.8 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 84 66 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 65 72 62.1 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 22 28 76.5 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 35 37 83.1 Q2
RER Volatility 46 44 89.7 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 67 67 27.6 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 30 33 76.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 69 67 16.3 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 77 78 18.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 100 100 15.8 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 82 82 16.8 Q3
Voice and Accountability 74 74 39.5 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 71 71 54.2 Q3
Government Effectiveness 90 84 33.3 Q4
Regulatory Quality 79 82 38.6 Q3
Rule of Law 100 100 28.9 Q4
Control of Corruption 76 78 25.8 Q3
Institutional Environment 83 82 36.7 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 99 100 62.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 96 100 60.5 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 68 69 50.3 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 87 90 60.3 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 11 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 82 82 39.6 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 96 96 29.2 Q4
Business Environment 84 89 54.6 Q4
Prerequisites 81 82 51.7 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 82 82 4.2 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 90 90 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 72 72 27.7 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 50 51 17.6 Q2
Applied Tariff 39 39 79.6 Q2
Trading Across Borders 82 83 64.6 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 66 68 32.5 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 55 53 6.7 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 91 92 6.7 Q4
Mean years of schooling 83 83 40.7 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 95 95 19.5 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 85 85 43.0 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 91 92 23.3 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 96 95 18.4 Q4
Total tax rate 51 56 30.0 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 95 95 44.0 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 82 83 64.6 Q4
Cost Components 100 100 39.3 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 95 95 27.2 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 79 79 25.2 Q3
International shipments 80 80 30.4 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 68 68 34.6 Q3
Tracking and tracing 78 78 29.7 Q3
Timeliness 90 90 24.8 Q4
Logistics Performance 81 81 28.7 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 79 73 8.9 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 77 75 10.2 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 90 90 30.9 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 87 94 22.1 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 89 89 18.0 Q4
Underlying Factors 88 89 28.3 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 85 88 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 86 85 1.2 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 99 98 9.4 Q4

148
Agglomeration Economies 100 100 3.9 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 57 61 52.0 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 62 63 24.8 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 98 93 14.5 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
68 73 1.0 Q3
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 83 83 41.4 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 76 77 26.7 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 80 83 19.9 Q4

GFICA Index 84 85 32.4 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90.0
GFICA Index Structure and
75.0
Development 51.7
50.2
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60.0 environment

45.0
Tech.
30.0
Business
Environment &
Environment 32.1 32.4
Differentiation
15.0
28.4 28.3
0.0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites 20.0 19.9
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Honduras Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

149
Country Profile

Hong Kong
-2020-

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150
Hong Kong
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 385.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 18.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.6
Population Persons (Millions) 7.6
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 19.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP 5.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 18.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 53 51 88.3 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 67 54 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 15 18 77.4 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 4 6 85.8 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 1 1 100.0 Q1
RER Volatility 6 7 97.8 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 20 22 41.0 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 2 3 84.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 9 7 90.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 19 18 64.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 24 22 57.8 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 11 11 70.9 Q1
Voice and Accountability 44 43 64.4 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 21 22 83.2 Q1
Government Effectiveness 4 5 92.1 Q1
Regulatory Quality 2 1 100.0 Q1
Rule of Law 11 11 93.3 Q1
Control of Corruption 13 13 84.2 Q1
Institutional Environment 14 13 86.2 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 4 4 97.7 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 35 37 66.8 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 3 3 99.4 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 6 7 90.3 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 23 24 73.0 Q1
Business Environment 4 5 86.1 Q1
Prerequisites 3 3 83.6 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 13 12 60.5 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 35 34 2.6 Q2
Trade performance Index 44 45 52.9 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 1 1 100.0 Q1
Applied Tariff 2 2 96.6 Q1
Trading Across Borders 23 23 95.1 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 2 2 68.0 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 107 106 1.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 8 8 70.3 Q1
Mean years of schooling 26 26 83.5 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 21 20 60.8 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 8 6 97.1 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 16 16 62.5 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 100 99 11.5 Q4
Total tax rate 98 101 12.0 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 1 2 99.7 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 23 23 95.1 Q1
Cost Components 47 47 54.6 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 9 9 89.1 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 15 15 84.1 Q1
International shipments 8 8 88.2 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 12 12 84.4 Q1
Tracking and tracing 15 15 82.7 Q1
Timeliness 15 15 87.1 Q1
Logistics Performance 12 12 85.9 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 13 15 79.5 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2 3 95.8 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 14 16 90.5 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 1 1 100.0 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 1 1 91.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 2 1 72.5 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 24 23 4.3 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 2 2 26.1 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 82 79 16.3 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 34 33 15.6 Q2

151
Market Sophistication Index 2 3 88.7 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 14 19 66.6 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 26 32 44.3 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
15 15 2.0 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 53 53 70.7 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 17 20 54.5 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 19 20 42.8 Q1

GFCA Index 8 10 66.8 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and 83.3 83.6
90 Development
Positive 75 Institutional 72.3 72.5
Externalities environment
60 67.1 66.8

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30 Environment
Differentiation
15 43.9 42.8
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Hong Kong East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4

152
Country Profile

Hungary
-2020-

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153
Hungary
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 180.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 45.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.3
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.4
Population Persons (Millions) 9.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 27.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 78 61 86.2 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 63 61 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 32 40 69.0 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 50 54 70.1 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 84 82 70.5 Q3
RER Volatility 9 6 97.9 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 60 61 28.8 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 37 44 74.6 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 54 54 23.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 37 35 49.6 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 36 36 50.9 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 40 40 41.3 Q2
Voice and Accountability 43 47 62.6 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 26 25 82.0 Q1
Government Effectiveness 40 39 59.4 Q2
Regulatory Quality 37 39 63.9 Q2
Rule of Law 40 40 64.9 Q2
Control of Corruption 44 45 44.8 Q2
Institutional Environment 39 39 63.0 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 50 53 84.4 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 68 74 71.9 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 19 20 76.4 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 82 82 63.7 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 70 72 54.1 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 19 21 76.2 Q1
Business Environment 41 44 71.7 Q2
Prerequisites 36 39 66.4 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 46 45 17.6 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 57 56 1.6 Q3
Trade performance Index 14 15 77.0 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 8 9 42.7 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 21 20 53.9 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 87 88 1.8 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 42 43 38.2 Q2
Mean years of schooling 28 28 82.4 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 41 42 51.9 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 39 39 80.9 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 43 43 51.0 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 18 23 53.3 Q1
Total tax rate 55 61 28.7 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 42 40 78.3 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 15 17 65.1 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 25 25 71.0 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 28 28 56.6 Q1
International shipments 40 40 59.6 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 35 35 54.8 Q2
Tracking and tracing 25 25 72.1 Q1
Timeliness 31 31 70.2 Q2
Logistics Performance 29 29 64.1 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 24 22 68.7 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 28 28 52.8 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 41 44 75.5 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 76 75 32.0 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 30 31 57.2 Q2
Underlying Factors 27 27 58.3 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 36 37 2.9 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 46 46 2.2 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 27 25 45.5 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 30 27 16.9 Q1

154
Market Sophistication Index 70 61 52.0 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 30 31 47.2 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 15 17 59.1 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
53 53 1.0 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 40 40 76.4 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 30 29 47.1 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 31 29 38.0 Q2

GFCA Index 31 30 54.9 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 65.4 66.4
Development
75
Positive Institutional 58.6 58.3
Externalities 60 environment 54.7 54.9
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation 38.0 38.0
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Hungary OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

155
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

156
Country Profile

India
-2020-

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157
India
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 3,202.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 7.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 26.9
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 4.1
Population Persons (Millions) 1,369.6
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -73.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 31.8
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force --

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 21 42 91.6 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 72 73 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 54 58 64.7 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 98 99 54.4 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 78 79 71.4 Q3
RER Volatility 43 37 91.2 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 25 26 39.1 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 47 50 73.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 38 38 41.1 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 71 71 24.3 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 32 31 53.1 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 43 43 39.5 Q2
Voice and Accountability 45 45 63.7 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 84 86 45.8 Q4
Government Effectiveness 56 51 51.4 Q2
Regulatory Quality 74 71 43.8 Q3
Rule of Law 54 55 53.4 Q2
Control of Corruption 59 57 36.7 Q3
Institutional Environment 56 55 49.2 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 83 85 75.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 67 49 77.6 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 93 97 31.7 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 30 30 85.9 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 11 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 10 11 85.5 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 98 99 24.0 Q4
Business Environment 61 64 65.7 Q3
Prerequisites 57 61 60.3 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 90 89 2.9 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 7 5 13.9 Q1
Trade performance Index 26 28 69.6 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 90 89 7.8 Q4
Applied Tariff 67 70 61.3 Q3
Trading Across Borders 54 48 82.4 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 50 49 39.6 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 58 56 6.4 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 83 81 11.6 Q3
Mean years of schooling 86 85 39.9 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 81 80 33.4 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 84 83 46.7 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 85 86 27.6 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 44 47 41.0 Q2
Total tax rate 18 23 41.0 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 72 71 63.2 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 54 48 82.4 Q2
Cost Components 44 39 56.9 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 38 38 55.7 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 49 49 42.2 Q2
International shipments 41 41 59.1 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 39 39 51.3 Q2
Tracking and tracing 35 35 57.1 Q2
Timeliness 49 49 56.5 Q2
Logistics Performance 41 41 53.7 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 85 85 3.9 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 88 86 3.7 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 86 88 33.7 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 88 91 25.3 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 90 91 16.6 Q4
Underlying Factors 65 65 38.9 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 6 7 13.8 Q1

158
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 20 19 5.9 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 76 81 15.6 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 48 56 11.7 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 33 29 64.3 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 55 56 28.7 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 42 31 45.2 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
6 6 4.3 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 69 69 56.3 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 51 47 39.8 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 50 50 31.4 Q2

GFCA Index 61 61 43.3 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional
58.8 60.3
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Environment & 30
Business 42.4 43.3
Environment 38.5 38.9
Differentiation
15
30.4 31.4
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

India South Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
India 61 61 43.3 Q3
Iran 64 66 41.6 Q3
Nepal 85 82 33.4 Q3
Pakistan 93 92 29.6 Q4

159
Country Profile

Indonesia
-2020-

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160
Indonesia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,204.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 16.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.3
Population Persons (Millions) 269.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -32.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 34.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 3 7 97.8 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 76 71 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 58 64 63.7 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 58 55 70.1 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 19 19 87.5 Q1
RER Volatility 78 78 78.6 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 24 24 39.7 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 27 30 76.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 64 64 18.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 47 46 43.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 45 47 39.2 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 54 55 34.0 Q2
Voice and Accountability 54 52 56.9 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 72 70 55.2 Q3
Government Effectiveness 62 55 49.7 Q2
Regulatory Quality 63 61 47.3 Q3
Rule of Law 67 66 45.7 Q3
Control of Corruption 63 61 35.1 Q3
Institutional Environment 59 56 48.3 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 87 79 76.5 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 70 72 72.4 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 70 71 47.2 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 26 27 87.3 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 28 30 73.4 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 91 87 36.3 Q4
Business Environment 60 62 66.2 Q3
Prerequisites 58 59 60.6 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 78 78 5.3 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 16 16 5.9 Q1
Trade performance Index 39 40 54.7 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 99 97 6.3 Q4
Applied Tariff 70 72 60.2 Q3
Trading Across Borders 72 72 69.6 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 62 63 33.7 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 46 45 10.5 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 74 74 15.6 Q3
Mean years of schooling 69 69 51.9 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 68 69 37.4 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 74 73 57.2 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 76 76 34.5 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 84 84 24.0 Q4
Total tax rate 84 84 20.6 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 64 54 72.9 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 72 72 69.6 Q3
Cost Components 85 81 46.8 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 56 56 44.3 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 51 51 41.8 Q2
International shipments 39 39 60.0 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 41 41 50.1 Q2
Tracking and tracing 36 36 56.3 Q2
Timeliness 39 39 64.7 Q2
Logistics Performance 42 42 52.9 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 80 75 8.1 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 82 83 6.2 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 89 87 37.9 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 5 51 38.5 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 80 84 22.7 Q4
Underlying Factors 66 68 38.1 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 41 41 2.7 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 22 22 4.2 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 47 44 33.2 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 47 45 13.4 Q2

161
Market Sophistication Index 52 52 55.6 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 74 77 18.7 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 74 72 21.5 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
18 18 1.7 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 75 75 51.2 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 68 69 29.7 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 68 67 24.8 Q3

GFCA Index 67 67 40.6 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 60.6
Positive Institutional 58.7
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30 Business
Environment & 40.2 40.6
Environment
Differentiation 38.4 38.1
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites 24.8 24.8
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Indonesia East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4

162
Country Profile

Iran
-2020-

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163
Iran
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 463.1


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 0.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 17.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -4.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 31.0
Population Persons (Millions) 84.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -15.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.4
Total investment Percent of GDP 39.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 17.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 98 105 50.0 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 80 1 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 16 30 71.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 54 69 67.5 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 38 22 85.7 Q1
RER Volatility 47 42 89.7 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 6 6 63.6 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 16 37 75.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 73 76 12.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 29 30 54.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 51 55 35.2 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 52 54 34.1 Q2
Voice and Accountability 104 100 15.5 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 85 91 43.0 Q4
Government Effectiveness 71 71 41.5 Q3
Regulatory Quality 105 105 20.8 Q4
Rule of Law 87 86 37.6 Q4
Control of Corruption 82 90 21.6 Q4
Institutional Environment 97 98 30.0 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 103 105 57.5 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 49 53 76.4 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 50 51 58.8 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 75 75 69.7 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 65 71 50.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 88 88 37.2 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 59 62 53.8 Q3
Business Environment 77 81 57.7 Q3
Prerequisites 72 78 52.8 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 66 64 8.4 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 27 24 3.4 Q1
Trade performance Index 68 68 33.1 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 96 92 7.1 Q4
Applied Tariff 109 109 1.0 Q4
Trading Across Borders 79 81 66.5 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 100 101 19.9 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 9 12 44.7 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 37 35 42.0 Q2
Mean years of schooling 49 49 67.7 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 48 48 49.7 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 51 51 73.5 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 33 35 55.5 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 26 26 52.3 Q1
Total tax rate 42 42 35.8 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 81 81 54.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 79 81 66.5 Q3
Cost Components 53 56 52.4 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 63 63 42.4 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 60 60 36.8 Q3
International shipments 70 70 35.4 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 58 58 39.3 Q3
Tracking and tracing 73 73 33.5 Q3
Timeliness 58 58 49.7 Q3
Logistics Performance 61 61 39.5 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 59 57 26.6 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 16 16 63.1 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 57 58 69.2 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 69 67 34.1 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 50 45 48.2 Q2
Underlying Factors 59 60 43.1 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 60 84 1.2 Q4

164
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 55 55 1.7 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 21 19 54.0 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 25 23 18.9 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 84 80 45.3 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 88 91 12.9 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 40 45 35.8 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
14 14 2.0 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 66 66 61.5 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 64 65 31.5 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 62 62 27.7 Q3

GFCA Index 64 66 41.6 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 52.8 52.8
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
42.8 43.1
45 41.4 41.6
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
27.7 27.7
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Iran South Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
India 61 61 43.3 Q3
Iran 64 66 41.6 Q3
Nepal 85 82 33.4 Q3
Pakistan 93 92 29.6 Q4

165
Country Profile

IRAQ
-2020-

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166
Iraq
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 232.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 4.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 43.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.8
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.0
Population Persons (Millions) 40.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -8.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 0.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 101 103 55.9 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 1 86 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 43 30 71.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 62 11 81.0 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 65 58 77.8 Q3
RER Volatility 65 53 87.3 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 16 16 47.8 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 59 45 74.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 68 68 16.2 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 67 68 25.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 63 65 31.4 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 68 68 24.4 Q3
Voice and Accountability 90 87 24.0 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 107 108 12.6 Q4
Government Effectiveness 104 104 17.7 Q4
Regulatory Quality 103 103 22.2 Q4
Rule of Law 107 106 14.9 Q4
Control of Corruption 105 105 7.3 Q4
Institutional Environment 105 105 16.4 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 91 91 70.0 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 65 69 72.7 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 76 80 43.1 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 84 85 62.3 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 108 108 1.0 Q4
Protecting Investors 76 78 44.5 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 85 89 35.9 Q4
Business Environment 94 94 47.1 Q4
Prerequisites 100 100 44.5 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 73 73 6.6 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 54 54 1.9 Q2
Trade performance Index 108 108 6.0 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 64 67 13.2 Q3
Applied Tariff 43 44 76.8 Q2
Trading Across Borders 103 104 26.1 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 97 97 21.8 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 2 2 97.4 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 32 34 42.2 Q2
Mean years of schooling 80 80 44.6 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 94 92 23.0 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 79 79 53.4 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 46 42 52.1 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 73 73 27.7 Q3
Total tax rate 83 82 21.3 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 75 77 59.3 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 103 104 26.1 Q4
Cost Components 105 105 33.6 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 107 107 11.5 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 107 107 7.9 Q4
International shipments 102 102 12.8 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 109 109 1.0 Q4
Tracking and tracing 101 101 9.0 Q4
Timeliness 95 95 19.4 Q4
Logistics Performance 106 106 10.3 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 57 59 25.9 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 68 68 12.7 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 76 45 74.4 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 86 86 28.6 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 73 65 35.4 Q3
Underlying Factors 85 83 30.6 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 92 93 1.1 Q4

167
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 109 109 1.0 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 103 103 5.6 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 105 106 2.6 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 104 104 5.3 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 102 103 1.8 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 106 103 5.5 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
58 55 1.0 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 97 97 27.6 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 106 106 8.2 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 107 107 6.5 Q4

GFCA Index 105 105 23.7 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
44.5
Development 42.4
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business
30.6
Environment & 30 28.9
Environment
Differentiation
15 23.7
22.6
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying 6.3 6.5
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Iraq Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

168
Country Profile

Ireland
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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169
Ireland
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 402.1


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 24.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.5
Population Persons (Millions) 5.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 38.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 9.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 106 106 43.9 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 70 7 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 29 10 82.0 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 24 26 76.5 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 79 76 73.2 Q3
RER Volatility 76 77 80.7 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 108 108 16.8 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 94 94 67.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 18 22 66.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 4 4 83.7 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 42 42 41.9 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 20 21 64.0 Q1
Voice and Accountability 14 14 88.9 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 19 15 86.9 Q1
Government Effectiveness 19 19 79.5 Q1
Regulatory Quality 12 13 87.6 Q1
Rule of Law 16 17 87.1 Q1
Control of Corruption 14 14 82.7 Q1
Institutional Environment 15 15 85.5 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 9 15 92.6 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 25 30 82.1 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 39 44 64.1 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 33 36 84.4 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 10 11 85.5 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 61 63 53.2 Q3
Business Environment 24 27 76.0 Q1
Prerequisites 19 19 74.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 6 5 70.3 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 43 44 2.2 Q2
Trade performance Index 60 60 37.0 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 4 4 55.6 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 36 36 87.4 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 14 14 56.2 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 96 94 1.3 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 3 2 97.6 Q1
Mean years of schooling 18 18 87.4 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 5 5 76.4 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 5 3 97.7 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 3 2 72.1 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 83 81 25.6 Q3
Total tax rate 95 93 16.4 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 4 4 93.9 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 36 36 87.4 Q2
Cost Components 43 45 55.8 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 24 24 71.2 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 27 27 57.5 Q1
International shipments 27 27 70.2 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 24 24 70.5 Q1
Tracking and tracing 27 27 70.1 Q1
Timeliness 32 32 68.8 Q2
Logistics Performance 27 27 68.1 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 26 27 64.3 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 14 14 64.2 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 25 26 84.3 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 74 76 31.9 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 26 25 61.2 Q1
Underlying Factors 21 21 62.7 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 17 17 5.6 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 9 10 13.0 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 109 109 1.0 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 81 83 6.5 Q4

170
Market Sophistication Index 28 32 62.3 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 9 12 75.5 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 4 6 80.1 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
75 75 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 20 20 89.2 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 14 14 61.6 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 17 17 45.1 Q1

GFCA Index 21 21 61.4 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
73.1 74.4
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 62.6 62.7 61.0 61.4
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Differentiation
Environment 45.0 45.1
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Ireland OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

171
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

172
Country Profile

Israel
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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173
Israel
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 410.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 39.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.3
Population Persons (Millions) 9.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 10.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP 2.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.8
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 18 28 94.1 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 40 11 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 21 24 73.3 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 47 67 68.3 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 70 71 74.5 Q3
RER Volatility 66 73 81.4 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 11 12 53.6 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 15 21 77.9 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 28 28 52.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 21 22 60.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 39 38 48.3 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 30 29 53.7 Q2
Voice and Accountability 33 35 72.4 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 88 85 46.3 Q4
Government Effectiveness 20 20 78.7 Q1
Regulatory Quality 21 20 79.2 Q1
Rule of Law 26 27 77.0 Q1
Control of Corruption 24 24 66.7 Q1
Institutional Environment 32 33 70.1 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 26 19 92.2 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 27 29 82.2 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 54 55 57.4 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 57 62 76.5 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 15 16 83.1 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 55 58 54.9 Q3
Business Environment 33 35 73.8 Q2
Prerequisites 26 26 71.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 18 18 53.1 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 37 37 2.6 Q2
Trade performance Index 42 39 54.8 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 72 75 11.9 Q3
Applied Tariff 34 35 83.5 Q2
Trading Across Borders 45 47 83.6 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 34 34 48.3 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 91 91 1.5 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 25 25 50.3 Q1
Mean years of schooling 6 6 91.3 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 33 33 57.7 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 19 19 91.6 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 23 23 58.5 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 98 97 12.5 Q4
Total tax rate 94 94 15.6 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 38 13 88.4 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 45 47 83.6 Q2
Cost Components 72 64 50.0 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 27 27 69.5 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 26 26 58.9 Q1
International shipments 67 67 36.7 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 31 31 62.0 Q2
Tracking and tracing 30 30 64.9 Q2
Timeliness 45 45 61.0 Q2
Logistics Performance 35 35 58.8 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 30 29 62.3 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 15 13 64.6 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 29 28 83.5 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 36 40 41.9 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 24 24 63.1 Q1
Underlying Factors 36 35 55.7 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 47 46 2.4 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 41 41 2.7 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 51 50 29.4 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 56 58 11.5 Q3

174
Market Sophistication Index 13 14 70.2 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 3 3 95.7 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 7 6 80.1 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
23 23 1.5 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 27 27 85.6 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 8 10 66.6 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 13 13 50.1 Q1

GFCA Index 24 23 59.5 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 70.6 71.4
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
58.8 59.5
45 55.2 55.7
Tech. 49.5 50.1
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Israel OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

175
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

176
Country Profile

Italy
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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177
Italy
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 2,013.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 0.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 49.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.0
Population Persons (Millions) 60.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 58.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 2.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 17.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 10.3

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 51 46 90.8 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 31 12 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 23 22 73.4 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 59 59 69.8 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 105 105 44.7 Q4
RER Volatility 104 102 49.6 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 91 91 19.1 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 102 102 63.9 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 23 23 64.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 5 5 82.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 7 6 83.3 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 9 9 76.6 Q1
Voice and Accountability 22 22 81.7 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 39 39 72.9 Q2
Government Effectiveness 39 40 59.2 Q2
Regulatory Quality 36 35 65.7 Q2
Rule of Law 44 44 60.3 Q2
Control of Corruption 45 43 47.1 Q2
Institutional Environment 38 38 64.5 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 52 60 82.6 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 63 65 73.4 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 16 18 78.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 29 29 86.2 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 37 42 68.6 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 77 77 44.9 Q3
Business Environment 53 54 68.6 Q2
Prerequisites 38 38 67.1 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 21 21 41.4 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 8 7 10.3 Q1
Trade performance Index 9 8 84.6 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 74 73 12.2 Q3
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 16 15 55.5 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 95 96 1.2 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 15 16 60.6 Q1
Mean years of schooling 46 45 69.3 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 26 29 59.2 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 26 26 87.6 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 32 34 55.6 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 12 5 85.9 Q1
Total tax rate 17 14 50.8 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 69 76 59.7 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 11 6 74.1 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 21 21 75.6 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 18 18 79.5 Q1
International shipments 21 21 74.8 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 23 23 73.0 Q1
Tracking and tracing 18 18 80.0 Q1
Timeliness 17 17 86.5 Q1
Logistics Performance 18 18 78.2 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 35 34 61.0 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 25 23 57.0 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 61 49 73.8 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 19 22 45.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 31 30 59.4 Q2
Underlying Factors 19 16 64.6 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 22 21 4.8 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 17 18 6.5 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 18 18 54.7 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 17 17 22.0 Q1

178
Market Sophistication Index 38 42 58.6 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 32 27 49.8 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 24 22 53.3 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
17 17 1.7 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 22 22 88.2 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 29 28 50.3 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 24 23 41.8 Q1

GFCA Index 27 26 58.6 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
67.1
Positive Institutional 65.3
Externalities 60 environment 63.1 64.6
57.2 58.6
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 41.0 41.8

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Italy OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

179
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

180
Country Profile

Japan
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
181
Japan
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 5,413.1


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 0.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 36.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.3
Population Persons (Millions) 125.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 180.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP 3.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 2.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 58 33 92.8 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 23 5 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 17 20 75.3 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 75 74 66.8 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 109 109 1.0 Q4
RER Volatility 19 21 94.4 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 8 8 60.0 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 68 76 70.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 11 10 85.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 13 13 71.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 1 1 100.0 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 5 4 85.5 Q1
Voice and Accountability 27 25 80.7 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 7 9 89.0 Q1
Government Effectiveness 11 11 87.9 Q1
Regulatory Quality 19 18 81.5 Q1
Rule of Law 17 16 88.0 Q1
Control of Corruption 16 17 81.0 Q1
Institutional Environment 16 16 84.7 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 55 65 81.6 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 12 15 89.0 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 32 33 69.8 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 16 18 90.7 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 61 66 55.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 42 48 66.2 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 36 37 66.2 Q2
Business Environment 28 31 74.1 Q2
Prerequisites 15 16 77.1 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 20 20 47.6 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 3 3 23.5 Q1
Trade performance Index 19 16 76.2 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 101 100 5.5 Q4
Applied Tariff 5 6 87.3 Q1
Trading Across Borders 38 39 86.4 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 18 17 54.4 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 102 100 1.1 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 26 26 48.2 Q1
Mean years of schooling 11 10 89.5 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 40 40 52.6 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 17 17 93.1 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 27 26 56.9 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 54 54 37.8 Q2
Total tax rate 36 35 37.9 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 32 36 79.5 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 38 39 86.4 Q2
Cost Components 27 29 60.4 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 3 3 96.1 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 2 2 95.0 Q1
International shipments 14 14 79.0 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 4 4 90.8 Q1
Tracking and tracing 10 10 88.3 Q1
Timeliness 10 10 92.6 Q1
Logistics Performance 5 5 90.3 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 20 20 70.6 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 6 6 84.2 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 22 14 91.3 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 24 16 47.5 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 9 8 73.4 Q1
Underlying Factors 13 12 67.1 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 19 19 5.3 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 28 28 3.8 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 57 56 26.3 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 58 54 11.8 Q2

182
Market Sophistication Index 10 10 75.3 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 10 10 76.8 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 12 12 71.0 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
3 3 23.1 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 10 10 95.4 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 7 6 68.3 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 12 12 51.4 Q1

GFCA Index 12 12 66.0 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
76.2 77.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
66.6 67.1 65.3 66.0
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Differentiation
Environment 50.6 51.4
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Japan OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

183
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

184
Country Profile

Jordan
-2020-

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185
Jordan
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 46.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 30.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.5
Population Persons (Millions) 10.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -2.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -6.2
Total investment Percent of GDP 19.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force n/a

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 9 2 99.3 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 45 23 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 101 99 53.1 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 80 82 64.1 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 95 94 60.5 Q4
RER Volatility 69 71 81.5 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 33 35 36.4 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 72 71 70.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 42 42 30.9 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 48 48 42.1 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 52 51 36.1 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 45 47 36.4 Q2
Voice and Accountability 83 80 32.6 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 73 69 55.5 Q3
Government Effectiveness 53 53 50.6 Q2
Regulatory Quality 54 53 51.4 Q2
Rule of Law 43 46 59.5 Q2
Control of Corruption 39 41 48.6 Q2
Institutional Environment 52 53 49.7 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 62 72 79.6 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 85 88 64.9 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 57 57 56.3 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 50 52 80.7 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 90 3 95.1 Q1
Protecting Investors 73 74 49.3 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 71 72 49.2 Q3
Business Environment 72 59 67.9 Q3
Prerequisites 66 62 59.9 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 72 72 7.0 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 77 77 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 53 51 41.9 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 36 37 20.6 Q2
Applied Tariff 65 63 65.7 Q3
Trading Across Borders 51 53 79.2 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 56 57 35.9 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 72 70 4.1 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 61 61 24.4 Q3
Mean years of schooling 42 41 71.1 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 85 85 30.8 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 69 70 60.4 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 68 67 38.2 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 65 64 32.9 Q3
Total tax rate 90 88 19.0 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 60 45 76.2 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 51 53 79.2 Q2
Cost Components 62 58 51.8 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 76 76 37.1 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 67 67 34.9 Q3
International shipments 95 95 19.0 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 79 79 27.2 Q3
Tracking and tracing 72 72 33.8 Q3
Timeliness 69 69 41.5 Q3
Logistics Performance 77 77 32.3 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 73 72 9.6 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 84 81 7.2 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 53 59 67.3 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 79 90 25.6 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 76 77 27.4 Q3
Underlying Factors 71 71 37.1 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 79 80 1.2 Q3

186
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 64 64 1.5 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 28 27 44.0 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 38 34 15.5 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 88 86 44.0 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 101 102 2.1 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 73 73 21.2 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
64 69 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 70 70 55.2 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 84 85 24.7 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 72 74 22.0 Q3

GFCA Index 71 70 38.8 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 59.9
75
Positive Institutional 55.9
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Differentiation
Environment
36.9 37.1 37.8 38.8
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies 22.0 22.0

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Jordan Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

187
Country Profile

Kazakhstan
-2020-

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188
Kazakhstan
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 182.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 21.1
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 5.2
Population Persons (Millions) 18.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -2.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 26.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.9

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 54 66 85.3 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 98 99 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 70 53 65.7 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 52 32 75.4 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 9 9 91.3 Q1
RER Volatility 51 49 88.1 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 47 47 31.5 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 31 31 76.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 61 59 22.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 43 42 45.9 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 87 93 17.5 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 63 65 28.5 Q3
Voice and Accountability 98 97 18.8 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 53 51 66.0 Q2
Government Effectiveness 61 60 47.6 Q3
Regulatory Quality 57 54 51.2 Q2
Rule of Law 69 71 43.6 Q3
Control of Corruption 91 81 24.5 Q3
Institutional Environment 74 73 42.0 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 23 14 92.7 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 36 31 82.1 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 11 16 79.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 45 51 81.8 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 6 7 90.3 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 4 5 94.2 Q1
Business Environment 10 6 85.9 Q1
Prerequisites 47 46 64.2 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 49 49 14.2 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 52 53 1.9 Q2
Trade performance Index 86 87 20.8 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 76 70 12.8 Q3
Applied Tariff 72 67 63.9 Q3
Trading Across Borders 67 69 70.7 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 77 73 30.7 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 17 17 37.4 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 51 50 32.0 Q2
Mean years of schooling 31 31 81.6 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 43 41 52.2 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 45 45 76.0 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 36 32 55.8 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 85 91 21.0 Q4
Total tax rate 87 89 18.8 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 44 47 75.6 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 67 69 70.7 Q3
Cost Components 75 82 46.5 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 58 58 43.9 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 76 76 28.1 Q3
International shipments 75 75 34.2 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 77 77 28.6 Q3
Tracking and tracing 71 71 34.0 Q3
Timeliness 47 47 57.8 Q2
Logistics Performance 65 65 37.8 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 50 53 29.7 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 37 39 31.5 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 42 42 78.4 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 12 14 47.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 44 49 46.9 Q2
Underlying Factors 56 57 43.5 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 57 54 1.7 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 34 33 3.0 Q2

189
Number of BITs Accumulated 41 38 37.1 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 45 43 13.9 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 44 56 52.7 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 67 64 23.3 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 69 71 22.4 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
44 46 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 34 34 80.5 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 55 57 36.0 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 52 56 29.4 Q3

GFCA Index 53 52 45.5 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
64.2
Development 61.8
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 45.2 45.5
Business 43.7 43.5
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
30.1 29.4
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Kazakhstan Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3

190
Country Profile

Kenya
-2020-

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191
Kenya
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 109.1


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 24.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 5.3
Population Persons (Millions) 50.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -5.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 16.8
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 20 27 94.2 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 97 91 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 87 87 58.5 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 101 102 52.6 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 62 66 75.3 Q3
RER Volatility 100 98 58.0 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 54 58 29.4 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 96 96 66.9 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 67 69 16.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 92 92 6.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 77 75 27.7 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 83 83 16.6 Q4
Voice and Accountability 62 65 46.2 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 97 95 38.6 Q4
Government Effectiveness 73 76 39.6 Q3
Regulatory Quality 72 72 43.7 Q3
Rule of Law 71 70 43.7 Q3
Control of Corruption 98 95 19.8 Q4
Institutional Environment 77 78 38.6 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 74 78 77.2 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 80 71 72.6 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 82 87 37.9 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 55 53 80.3 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 3 3 95.1 Q1
Protecting Investors 1 1 100.0 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 58 61 53.9 Q3
Business Environment 38 33 73.9 Q2
Prerequisites 74 71 55.1 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 91 92 2.5 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 65 65 1.4 Q3
Trade performance Index 58 58 37.5 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 95 95 6.4 Q4
Applied Tariff 77 75 56.4 Q3
Trading Across Borders 74 76 67.8 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 79 80 28.7 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 53 48 8.4 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 94 94 5.3 Q4
Mean years of schooling 85 84 40.1 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 91 91 25.3 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 90 89 34.9 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 93 93 22.8 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 106 107 4.8 Q4
Total tax rate 63 64 28.0 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 65 60 69.6 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 74 76 67.8 Q3
Cost Components 94 93 42.5 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 60 60 43.5 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 74 74 28.4 Q3
International shipments 84 84 28.3 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 60 60 38.2 Q3
Tracking and tracing 53 53 46.5 Q2
Timeliness 71 71 41.2 Q3
Logistics Performance 66 66 37.7 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 93 89 2.5 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 106 103 1.2 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 100 100 16.5 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 91 82 29.1 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 99 97 12.3 Q4
Underlying Factors 87 87 28.8 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 53 52 1.9 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 87 87 1.2 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 84 82 14.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 87 85 6.0 Q4

192
Market Sophistication Index 53 40 59.1 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 46 54 31.0 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 64 64 25.3 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
71 67 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 82 82 42.2 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 65 64 31.7 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 71 71 24.0 Q3

GFCA Index 78 78 35.0 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 55.1
75
Development 52.4
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment 34.1 35.0
Differentiation
15
28.4 28.8
0 23.8 24.0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Kenya Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

193
Country Profile

Korea
-2020-

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194
Korea
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,626.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 23.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 0.9
Population Persons (Millions) 52.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 46.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP 2.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 30.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 27 39 91.9 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 61 26 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 12 19 76.0 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 5 8 82.7 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 29 31 83.9 Q2
RER Volatility 36 45 88.7 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 26 23 40.7 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 5 8 80.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 13 12 84.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 10 9 73.9 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 4 3 97.1 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 6 5 85.0 Q1
Voice and Accountability 35 34 72.8 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 42 38 73.2 Q2
Government Effectiveness 27 25 73.9 Q1
Regulatory Quality 25 27 75.2 Q1
Rule of Law 25 21 80.6 Q1
Control of Corruption 36 35 56.0 Q2
Institutional Environment 33 29 72.0 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 17 23 91.3 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 9 11 90.4 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 30 30 70.9 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 2 2 99.9 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 22 22 78.3 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 2 2 99.3 Q1
Business Environment 7 8 85.1 Q1
Prerequisites 10 8 80.3 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 33 32 26.7 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 11 10 8.5 Q1
Trade performance Index 21 20 73.1 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 49 48 18.5 Q2
Applied Tariff 75 74 56.6 Q3
Trading Across Borders 26 26 92.6 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 38 38 46.0 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 101 99 1.1 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 30 29 44.7 Q2
Mean years of schooling 22 23 85.0 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 19 21 60.5 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 20 20 91.6 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 28 28 56.6 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 73 71 28.1 Q3
Total tax rate 78 79 23.8 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 20 18 85.9 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 26 26 92.6 Q1
Cost Components 37 36 57.6 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 23 23 72.9 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 22 22 74.5 Q1
International shipments 30 30 65.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 26 26 70.2 Q1
Tracking and tracing 22 22 75.7 Q1
Timeliness 25 25 76.6 Q1
Logistics Performance 24 24 72.5 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 5 6 89.7 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 5 5 85.3 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 7 7 96.2 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 44 34 42.7 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 2 3 78.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 23 23 62.2 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 30 32 3.2 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 27 26 3.9 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 8 7 73.9 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 12 11 27.0 Q1

195
Market Sophistication Index 14 11 73.6 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 19 9 78.9 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 9 13 70.1 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
4 4 15.5 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 3 3 98.2 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 10 9 67.3 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 9 8 55.2 Q1

GFCA Index 11 11 66.4 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 79.4 80.3
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
65.5 66.4
45 62.3 62.2
Tech.
Environment & 30
Business
53.4 55.2
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Korea OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

196
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

197
Country Profile

Kuwait
-2020-

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198
Kuwait
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 139.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 54.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -9.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.2
Population Persons (Millions) 4.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 9.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP 6.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 1.3

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 95 94 71.6 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 4 95 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 9 3 87.4 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 2 1 100.0 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 4 5 92.9 Q1
RER Volatility 21 18 94.9 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 38 38 35.8 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 6 5 83.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 47 44 30.1 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 65 62 29.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 31 33 52.9 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 46 45 37.5 Q2
Voice and Accountability 80 76 35.5 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 58 53 65.7 Q2
Government Effectiveness 64 65 44.5 Q3
Regulatory Quality 60 59 48.3 Q3
Rule of Law 51 49 56.0 Q2
Control of Corruption 58 60 35.2 Q3
Institutional Environment 61 59 47.5 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 81 51 84.7 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 81 50 77.2 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 51 35 69.1 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 67 50 82.1 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 90 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 42 42 68.6 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 49 54 59.5 Q2
Business Environment 65 52 69.5 Q2
Prerequisites 55 47 63.8 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 24 23 38.1 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 59 59 1.6 Q3
Trade performance Index 93 88 20.3 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 29 28 23.9 Q1
Applied Tariff 44 46 76.2 Q2
Trading Across Borders 97 95 53.1 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 59 60 35.5 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 1 1 100.0 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 6 6 73.7 Q1
Mean years of schooling 76 76 46.2 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 60 62 43.3 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 47 47 75.3 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 5 5 67.7 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 78 77 26.7 Q3
Total tax rate 108 108 2.8 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 7 6 91.6 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 97 95 53.1 Q4
Cost Components 88 90 43.5 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 52 52 46.3 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 42 42 46.8 Q2
International shipments 83 83 28.6 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 62 62 37.6 Q3
Tracking and tracing 79 79 28.9 Q3
Timeliness 57 57 50.3 Q3
Logistics Performance 60 60 39.8 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 77 79 6.4 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 60 61 21.8 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 1 2 99.9 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 3 4 59.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 43 48 47.0 Q2
Underlying Factors 50 50 46.7 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 76 80 1.2 Q3

199
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 82 86 1.2 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 11 11 64.7 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 18 15 22.4 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 55 34 61.0 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 91 81 16.8 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 43 50 32.9 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
79 79 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 36 36 77.9 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 57 52 37.9 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 47 42 33.3 Q2

GFCA Index 47 46 48.1 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial 63.8
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 59.7
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
46.9 46.7 48.1
46.5
45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15 32.0 33.3
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
ions and IT
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Kuwait Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

200
Country Profile

Latvia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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201
Latvia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 36.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 36.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.6
Population Persons (Millions) 1.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.7

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 103 79 80.6 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 36 51 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 39 49 67.1 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 29 38 74.3 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 33 30 84.4 Q2
RER Volatility 93 79 78.5 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 109 109 1.0 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 97 82 69.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 77 77 12.6 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 59 59 30.3 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 58 62 32.4 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 67 67 25.1 Q3
Voice and Accountability 31 30 75.4 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 35 33 75.7 Q2
Government Effectiveness 29 29 71.0 Q2
Regulatory Quality 26 24 76.1 Q1
Rule of Law 30 30 75.2 Q2
Control of Corruption 35 36 53.9 Q2
Institutional Environment 30 31 71.2 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 13 18 92.3 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 38 42 78.9 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 15 17 79.6 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 43 46 82.5 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 7 9 85.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 32 37 71.0 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 13 14 80.7 Q1
Business Environment 17 18 81.4 Q1
Prerequisites 39 36 67.8 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 44 39 21.2 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 88 88 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 23 27 69.7 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 20 20 29.1 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 22 22 95.3 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 29 30 50.2 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 76 74 3.6 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 46 45 35.2 Q2
Mean years of schooling 9 9 89.8 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 35 35 57.0 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 37 35 82.2 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 40 39 53.6 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 24 20 54.9 Q1
Total tax rate 70 60 28.9 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 13 14 87.7 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 22 22 95.3 Q1
Cost Components 16 14 66.7 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 47 47 49.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 45 45 45.3 Q2
International shipments 72 72 34.7 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 72 72 33.3 Q3
Tracking and tracing 69 69 34.4 Q3
Timeliness 87 87 27.0 Q4
Logistics Performance 68 68 37.3 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 36 37 59.2 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 44 57 24.0 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 35 30 83.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 40 69 33.6 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 36 39 50.0 Q2
Underlying Factors 38 38 51.6 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 59 55 1.7 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 81 82 1.2 Q3

202
Number of BITs Accumulated 48 45 32.5 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 55 55 11.8 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 23 33 62.1 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 34 39 40.8 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 49 44 36.3 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
77 78 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 49 49 73.0 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 38 38 42.6 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 40 41 33.4 Q2

GFCA Index 39 38 51.1 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
67.8
Positive Institutional 65.0
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 52.0 51.6 50.6 51.1
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0 33.7 33.4
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Latvia Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3

203
Country Profile

Lebanon
-2020-

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204
Lebanon
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 60.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 0.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.3
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.6
Population Persons (Millions) 6.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -15.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -26.3
Total investment Percent of GDP
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 75 76 83.9 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 64 70 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 108 108 20.0 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 104 107 45.3 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 106 106 36.5 Q4
RER Volatility 12 11 96.6 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 14 13 52.7 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 105 104 62.1 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 57 57 22.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 68 70 24.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 50 49 38.4 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 65 63 28.6 Q3
Voice and Accountability 75 75 37.6 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 100 100 29.5 Q4
Government Effectiveness 77 80 34.6 Q3
Regulatory Quality 73 76 41.9 Q3
Rule of Law 93 93 34.8 Q4
Control of Corruption 97 98 16.5 Q4
Institutional Environment 93 94 32.5 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 89 89 71.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 98 101 57.9 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 71 73 46.1 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 83 83 63.1 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 83 88 40.6 Q4
Protecting Investors 78 79 42.0 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 79 78 40.8 Q3
Business Environment 89 90 51.7 Q4
Prerequisites 95 95 46.9 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 53 54 13.4 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 69 69 1.3 Q3
Trade performance Index 48 48 43.5 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 32 34 21.8 Q2
Applied Tariff 31 31 84.5 Q2
Trading Across Borders 90 92 58.3 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 52 53 37.1 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 106 105 1.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 59 59 25.2 Q3
Mean years of schooling 63 63 57.2 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 90 90 25.7 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 68 68 61.6 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 77 77 34.1 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 32 32 50.3 Q2
Total tax rate 81 80 22.8 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 66 70 63.7 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 90 92 58.3 Q4
Cost Components 68 68 48.8 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 87 87 32.9 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 70 70 31.7 Q3
International shipments 63 63 37.8 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 85 85 24.2 Q4
Tracking and tracing 66 66 35.1 Q3
Timeliness 70 70 41.3 Q3
Logistics Performance 73 73 33.8 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 109 98 1.3 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 61 60 22.7 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 39 41 79.2 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 101 101 16.1 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 71 71 29.8 Q3
Underlying Factors 72 72 36.7 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 85 94 1.1 Q4

205
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 52 52 1.9 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 37 34 39.4 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 44 42 14.1 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 64 76 47.4 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 58 62 25.5 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 92 92 15.4 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
78 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 71 71 54.6 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 67 72 28.8 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 66 69 24.4 Q3

GFCA Index 75 75 36.2 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomi
c Stability
Financial
90 46.9
GFCA Index Structure and 45.3
75 Development
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 36.7 36.7 36.1 36.2
45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation 25.2 24.4
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential
Human and
Telecommunic
Natural
ations and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Logistics Cost Resources
Performance Components

Lebanon Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

206
Country Profile

Lithuania
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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207
Lithuania
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 56.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.2
Population Persons (Millions) 2.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 19.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 100 35 92.6 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 52 60 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 38 34 70.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 18 23 78.6 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 31 24 85.3 Q1
RER Volatility 16 16 95.3 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 76 78 24.3 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 46 19 78.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 78 79 11.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 73 73 21.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 54 52 35.6 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 70 71 23.1 Q3
Voice and Accountability 28 28 79.7 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 24 23 83.1 Q1
Government Effectiveness 26 27 72.2 Q1
Regulatory Quality 23 25 75.9 Q1
Rule of Law 28 28 76.2 Q1
Control of Corruption 32 32 57.9 Q2
Institutional Environment 25 26 74.1 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 20 25 91.2 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 6 9 90.9 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 2 3 95.2 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 20 13 93.0 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 32 30 73.4 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 8 8 89.9 Q1
Business Environment 5 4 86.3 Q1
Prerequisites 29 22 72.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 43 41 21.1 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 78 79 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 29 25 70.2 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 14 12 39.2 Q1
Applied Tariff 31 31 84.5 Q2
Trading Across Borders 17 17 97.9 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 26 26 52.3 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 84 83 2.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 40 39 39.1 Q2
Mean years of schooling 7 7 91.1 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 18 18 61.2 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 32 31 84.9 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 34 33 55.6 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 11 13 70.7 Q1
Total tax rate 46 47 33.6 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 15 15 87.5 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 17 17 97.9 Q1
Cost Components 10 11 72.4 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 44 44 51.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 63 63 35.3 Q3
International shipments 66 66 37.1 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 50 50 44.2 Q2
Tracking and tracing 47 47 48.8 Q2
Timeliness 41 41 63.6 Q2
Logistics Performance 51 51 46.7 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 32 33 61.0 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 47 50 26.4 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 40 40 79.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 9 5 56.7 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 32 32 55.9 Q2
Underlying Factors 31 31 56.6 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 44 45 2.5 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 80 81 1.2 Q3

208
Number of BITs Accumulated 32 28 43.2 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 36 32 15.7 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 43 43 58.0 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 33 37 41.9 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 55 52 31.7 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
76 76 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 35 35 79.7 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 39 39 42.5 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 39 38 34.4 Q2

GFCA Index 33 31 54.6 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 72.4
75 70.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
56.4 56.6
45 53.9 54.6
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
34.4 34.4
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Lithuania Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3

209
Country Profile

Madagascar
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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210
Madagascar
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 13.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 19.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -3.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 6.3
Population Persons (Millions) 27.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 23.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 61 47 89.7 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 92 93 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 40 42 67.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 45 56 70.1 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 47 46 80.7 Q2
RER Volatility 99 97 59.1 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 68 64 27.9 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 84 70 70.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 106 106 2.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 107 107 2.2 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 104 96 16.7 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 108 107 7.2 Q4
Voice and Accountability 71 71 43.5 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 64 67 57.4 Q3
Government Effectiveness 103 103 20.8 Q4
Regulatory Quality 90 89 33.2 Q4
Rule of Law 92 94 34.3 Q4
Control of Corruption 96 97 17.5 Q4
Institutional Environment 86 88 34.5 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 48 49 84.8 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 107 107 39.0 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 101 101 24.1 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 108 108 24.9 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 83 88 40.6 Q4
Protecting Investors 91 91 32.4 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 90 81 39.5 Q3
Business Environment 104 103 40.8 Q4
Prerequisites 102 101 43.9 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 108 108 1.0 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 102 102 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 96 93 18.7 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 67 66 13.2 Q3
Applied Tariff 87 86 48.9 Q4
Trading Across Borders 86 87 61.3 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 94 94 24.0 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 25 24 31.8 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 107 107 1.7 Q4
Mean years of schooling 89 89 37.0 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 93 94 20.8 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 97 97 25.3 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 92 91 23.3 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 44 46 41.2 Q2
Total tax rate 59 59 29.1 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 78 79 58.2 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 86 87 61.3 Q4
Cost Components 74 77 47.5 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 92 92 30.2 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 99 99 12.9 Q4
International shipments 107 107 5.5 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 96 96 18.4 Q4
Tracking and tracing 83 83 26.9 Q4
Timeliness 94 94 20.0 Q4
Logistics Performance 99 99 19.0 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 99 99 1.2 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 104 100 1.4 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 107 107 8.1 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 108 107 6.4 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 107 107 4.3 Q4
Underlying Factors 100 100 23.6 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 101 102 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 95 96 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 101 100 7.9 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 103 101 3.3 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 80 78 45.7 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 92 100 5.0 Q4

211
Knowledge and technology outputs 79 80 18.3 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
85 84 1.0 Q4
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 102 102 20.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 98 100 18.0 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 99 101 13.6 Q4

GFICA Index 101 101 25.9 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFICA Index Structure and
75 Development 43.9
41.3
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 25.4 25.9
23.3 23.6
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies
14.1 13.6

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Madagascar Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

212
Country Profile

Malaysia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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213
Malaysia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 381.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 4.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 20.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.1
Population Persons (Millions) 33.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 7.3
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 23.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 52 24 95.0 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 62 44 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 25 22 73.4 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 68 71 67.1 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 61 63 76.8 Q3
RER Volatility 5 4 98.2 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 29 32 37.1 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 21 16 78.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 12 13 82.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 33 33 51.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 27 29 53.8 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 22 22 62.8 Q1
Voice and Accountability 73 69 44.1 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 45 44 69.3 Q2
Government Effectiveness 34 33 69.5 Q2
Regulatory Quality 35 36 65.7 Q2
Rule of Law 39 37 65.1 Q2
Control of Corruption 43 44 46.5 Q2
Institutional Environment 42 41 60.0 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 72 75 78.0 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 2 2 96.2 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 25 25 75.5 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 4 4 99.3 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 2 2 95.2 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 25 26 71.4 Q1
Business Environment 9 10 84.4 Q1
Prerequisites 20 21 73.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 52 52 13.7 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 38 38 2.5 Q2
Trade performance Index 25 24 71.3 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 17 18 32.3 Q1
Applied Tariff 86 87 48.8 Q4
Trading Across Borders 33 33 88.6 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 44 45 42.9 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 28 29 18.5 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 44 44 37.0 Q2
Mean years of schooling 45 45 69.3 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 65 65 41.8 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 50 50 74.2 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 50 49 48.1 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 64 63 34.1 Q3
Total tax rate 58 58 29.6 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 50 53 73.1 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 33 33 88.6 Q2
Cost Components 41 42 56.3 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 41 41 53.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 37 37 51.7 Q2
International shipments 29 29 66.2 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 33 33 58.3 Q2
Tracking and tracing 44 44 49.8 Q2
Timeliness 50 50 54.9 Q2
Logistics Performance 38 38 55.7 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 63 65 19.2 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 36 35 35.0 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 34 34 80.8 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 22 27 44.7 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 51 52 44.9 Q2
Underlying Factors 41 42 49.6 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 25 27 3.6 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 37 37 2.9 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 23 21 51.7 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 22 22 19.4 Q1

214
Market Sophistication Index 21 22 66.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 37 34 44.4 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 32 33 43.1 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
21 22 1.5 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 42 42 75.2 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 31 31 46.1 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 30 28 38.1 Q1

GFCA Index 35 35 53.6 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 72.0 73.4
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 53.3 53.6
Tech. 49.8 49.6
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15
38.0 38.1
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Malaysia East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4

215
Country Profile

Mali
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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216
Mali
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 19.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 22.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.3
Population Persons (Millions) 19.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP -5.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 19.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 50 74 84.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 57 33 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 91 90 58.1 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 78 79 65.5 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 25 26 84.6 Q1
RER Volatility 15 14 95.9 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 87 86 20.4 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 52 55 72.6 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 105 104 3.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 97 97 4.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 76 73 28.9 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 91 90 12.2 Q4
Voice and Accountability 65 66 45.5 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 101 103 24.4 Q4
Government Effectiveness 99 99 24.9 Q4
Regulatory Quality 87 86 36.4 Q4
Rule of Law 90 91 35.3 Q4
Control of Corruption 78 77 25.8 Q3
Institutional Environment 95 95 32.0 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 64 73 79.3 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 82 87 66.1 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 90 91 34.6 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 97 97 52.3 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 99 30.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 82 82 39.6 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 97 97 26.8 Q4
Business Environment 95 95 47.0 Q4
Prerequisites 94 97 46.4 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 100 100 1.6 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 96 96 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 107 107 6.4 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 65 69 12.8 Q3
Applied Tariff 97 96 42.9 Q4
Trading Across Borders 61 63 73.6 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 95 95 23.1 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 23 21 34.1 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 98 97 3.8 Q4
Mean years of schooling 108 108 7.3 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 107 107 2.3 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 107 107 9.2 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 109 108 11.4 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 13 4 86.3 Q1
Total tax rate 30 19 46.0 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 92 98 42.9 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 61 63 73.6 Q3
Cost Components 38 25 62.2 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 100 100 23.9 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 87 87 18.5 Q4
International shipments 76 76 32.5 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 88 88 23.3 Q4
Tracking and tracing 51 51 46.8 Q2
Timeliness 91 91 24.5 Q4
Logistics Performance 82 82 28.3 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 100 91 2.4 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 92 90 3.0 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 104 104 11.4 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 54 63 36.8 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 92 93 13.4 Q4
Underlying Factors 93 90 27.7 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 104 105 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 102 102 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 77 76 17.9 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 84 82 6.7 Q3

217
Market Sophistication Index 94 99 38.2 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 64 58 27.0 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 67 63 25.9 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 104 104 15.6 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 94 93 21.5 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 95 93 17.1 Q4

GFCA Index 91 91 29.7 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 45.3 46.4
75
Development
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business 29.7
Environment & 28.6
Differentiation
Environment 27.7
26.5
15

0
Agglomeration
16.2 17.1
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Mali Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

218
Country Profile

Malta
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
219
Malta
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 15.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 4.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 37.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 2.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.8
Population Persons (Millions) 0.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 1.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP 6.2
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.4
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 87 81 80.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 53 39 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 5 4 85.8 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 6 7 83.2 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 52 45 80.8 Q2
RER Volatility 4 3 99.3 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 92 92 18.7 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 13 15 78.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 30 30 48.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 8 11 73.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 56 58 34.0 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 32 31 51.9 Q2
Voice and Accountability 16 18 85.1 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 6 4 92.4 Q1
Government Effectiveness 33 31 70.8 Q2
Regulatory Quality 22 22 78.8 Q1
Rule of Law 24 25 77.8 Q1
Control of Corruption 30 31 60.2 Q2
Institutional Environment 22 22 77.5 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 60 52 84.4 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 41 43 78.8 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 98 98 30.1 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 56 55 79.5 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 90 95 35.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 37 42 68.6 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 29 30 70.2 Q2
Business Environment 63 66 63.9 Q3
Prerequisites 30 30 70.3 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 27 27 30.9 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 105 105 1.0 Q4
Trade performance Index 54 52 41.8 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 3 3 66.4 Q1
Applied Tariff 59 45 76.5 Q2
Trading Across Borders 32 32 89.0 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 30 29 50.9 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 109 108 1.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 21 18 58.4 Q1
Mean years of schooling 35 34 77.9 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 34 34 57.2 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 25 25 88.0 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 30 29 56.5 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 89 88 23.0 Q4
Total tax rate 43 44 35.1 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 49 52 73.4 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 32 32 89.0 Q2
Cost Components 46 46 55.1 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 55 55 45.2 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 50 50 42.0 Q2
International shipments 77 77 32.4 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 61 61 37.7 Q3
Tracking and tracing 67 67 35.0 Q3
Timeliness 80 80 33.0 Q3
Logistics Performance 67 67 37.6 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 6 4 94.1 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 3 2 97.9 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 30 32 81.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 20 17 47.0 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 3 2 80.1 Q1
Underlying Factors 35 33 56.0 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 80 77 1.3 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 29 29 3.6 Q2

220
Number of BITs Accumulated 77 76 17.9 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 78 77 7.6 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 72 65 51.4 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 15 14 73.8 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 21 34 42.8 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
93 95 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 26 26 85.7 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 24 24 50.9 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 29 30 37.9 Q2

GFCA Index 29 29 55.2 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 69.2 70.3
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 55.3 56.0 54.9 55.2


Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
38.6 37.9
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Malta Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3

221
Country Profile

Mauritania
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
222
Mauritania
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 5.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 27.1
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.8
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.4
Population Persons (Millions) 4.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP -20.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 49.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 57 60 86.5 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 28 63 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 107 107 39.5 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 14 13 80.3 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 90 88 66.9 Q4
RER Volatility 85 83 76.1 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 66 68 27.5 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 90 89 68.1 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 107 107 1.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 91 91 7.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 106 105 13.0 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 107 106 7.3 Q4
Voice and Accountability 84 83 29.8 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 76 78 50.5 Q3
Government Effectiveness 96 94 30.4 Q4
Regulatory Quality 93 93 31.6 Q4
Rule of Law 86 85 37.9 Q4
Control of Corruption 88 85 23.2 Q4
Institutional Environment 94 90 33.9 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 32 35 89.8 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 69 75 71.8 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 69 70 49.0 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 99 100 49.7 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 88 40.6 Q4
Protecting Investors 94 94 27.6 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 52 34 67.5 Q2
Business Environment 86 86 56.6 Q4
Prerequisites 96 92 47.7 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 89 90 2.7 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 107 107 1.0 Q4
Trade performance Index 103 103 12.9 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 42 44 19.3 Q2
Applied Tariff 80 85 49.2 Q4
Trading Across Borders 88 89 60.7 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 91 93 24.3 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 5 5 61.4 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 87 87 9.2 Q4
Mean years of schooling 99 99 24.4 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 103 104 7.8 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 94 94 26.3 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 89 89 25.8 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 92 90 21.4 Q4
Total tax rate 6 6 59.0 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 102 102 35.9 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 88 89 60.7 Q4
Cost Components 87 89 44.3 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 97 97 25.7 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 89 89 17.0 Q4
International shipments 106 106 5.9 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 103 103 12.7 Q4
Tracking and tracing 93 93 20.8 Q4
Timeliness 97 97 17.4 Q4
Logistics Performance 102 102 16.6 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 95 94 1.6 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 90 87 3.3 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 97 97 19.6 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 83 74 32.1 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 94 92 14.1 Q4
Underlying Factors 98 98 25.0 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 102 104 1.0 Q4

223
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 93 93 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 77 76 17.9 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 83 81 6.7 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 106 106 1.0 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 102 103 1.8 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 52 48 33.5 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 106 106 14.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 105 105 10.3 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 105 105 9.2 Q4

GFCA Index 104 103 24.7 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional
47.7
Externalities 60 environment
44.8
45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0 24.8 25.0 23.8 24.7


Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access 9.2


Underlying 8.8
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Mauritania Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

224
Country Profile

Mauritius
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
225
Mauritius
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 14.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 25.1
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.3
Population Persons (Millions) 1.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP -6.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.9

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 1 1 100.0 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 42 32 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 83 92 57.5 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 60 51 70.4 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 75 78 72.2 Q3
RER Volatility 58 52 87.7 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 15 14 51.5 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 28 29 77.1 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 41 41 37.1 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 30 32 52.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 62 59 33.4 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 42 41 40.9 Q2
Voice and Accountability 32 31 74.6 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 13 17 86.8 Q1
Government Effectiveness 32 34 69.3 Q2
Regulatory Quality 29 29 73.2 Q2
Rule of Law 32 34 70.3 Q2
Control of Corruption 40 42 48.5 Q2
Institutional Environment 31 32 70.5 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 10 13 92.7 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 14 7 91.8 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 17 15 79.9 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 22 23 88.1 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 15 16 83.1 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 22 18 78.4 Q1
Business Environment 15 15 82.8 Q1
Prerequisites 22 23 72.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 48 48 14.8 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 101 101 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 64 66 34.8 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 30 33 21.8 Q2
Applied Tariff 4 4 92.9 Q1
Trading Across Borders 47 50 81.2 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 46 48 41.1 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 105 104 1.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 53 53 29.8 Q2
Mean years of schooling 57 56 62.4 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 43 45 51.3 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 53 53 72.6 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 59 58 43.4 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 97 96 17.2 Q4
Total tax rate 100 100 12.4 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 6 5 93.3 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 47 50 81.2 Q2
Cost Components 60 62 51.0 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 54 54 45.5 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 57 57 38.1 Q3
International shipments 108 108 2.1 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 56 56 40.1 Q3
Tracking and tracing 59 59 43.5 Q3
Timeliness 81 81 32.7 Q3
Logistics Performance 74 74 33.7 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 43 41 47.1 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 27 22 58.1 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 72 72 57.4 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 16 8 51.6 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 39 34 53.5 Q2
Underlying Factors 55 55 44.5 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 95 96 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 100 100 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 42 39 36.3 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 52 48 12.8 Q2

226
Market Sophistication Index 39 35 60.9 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 69 65 22.9 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 97 98 11.7 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
88 89 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 55 55 69.0 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 63 63 33.1 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 63 64 27.0 Q3

GFCA Index 48 47 47.0 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 71.0 72.4
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30 46.3 47.0
Differentiation
Environment 44.0 44.5
15

0
Agglomeration
Economies
Prerequisites 26.7 27.0

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Mauritius Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

227
Country Profile

Mexico
-2020-

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228
Mexico
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,322.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 24.9
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.1
Population Persons (Millions) 127.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -21.3
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 67 40 91.8 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 82 88 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 57 54 65.5 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 49 53 70.3 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 60 60 77.5 Q3
RER Volatility 10 12 96.6 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 52 52 30.2 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 34 36 76.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 46 46 28.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 45 45 44.9 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 48 43 40.0 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 44 44 37.6 Q2
Voice and Accountability 61 61 51.1 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 78 75 51.5 Q3
Government Effectiveness 55 61 47.5 Q3
Regulatory Quality 49 50 54.5 Q2
Rule of Law 76 78 39.6 Q3
Control of Corruption 87 92 21.4 Q4
Institutional Environment 64 67 44.2 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 57 66 81.1 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 66 68 72.8 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 74 76 44.7 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 76 76 69.4 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 3 7 90.1 Q1
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 34 35 66.5 Q2
Business Environment 48 50 69.8 Q2
Prerequisites 56 57 60.8 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 50 51 13.9 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 14 14 7.3 Q1
Trade performance Index 18 19 73.4 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 53 52 17.5 Q2
Applied Tariff 6 5 88.3 Q1
Trading Across Borders 46 49 82.3 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 37 35 47.1 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 52 49 8.1 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 58 58 25.3 Q3
Mean years of schooling 63 64 56.7 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 58 57 45.8 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 55 55 67.8 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 63 63 40.7 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 22 20 54.9 Q1
Total tax rate 16 18 46.6 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 71 72 61.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 46 49 82.3 Q2
Cost Components 25 26 61.4 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 51 51 48.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 54 54 39.9 Q2
International shipments 48 48 53.4 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 48 48 46.8 Q2
Tracking and tracing 58 58 43.7 Q3
Timeliness 46 46 58.0 Q2
Logistics Performance 47 47 48.3 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 52 50 32.0 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 50 44 29.6 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 58 61 64.8 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 85 85 28.7 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 62 62 38.8 Q3
Underlying Factors 49 48 47.3 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 8 8 12.5 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 16 16 7.6 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 57 58 24.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 40 40 15.0 Q2

229
Market Sophistication Index 51 47 56.8 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 60 61 25.7 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 57 49 33.3 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
12 12 2.2 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 52 52 70.8 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 56 54 37.8 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 51 51 30.9 Q2

GFCA Index 50 48 46.6 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
59.6 60.8
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
47.0 47.3 45.9 46.6
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
30.3 30.9
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Mexico OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

230
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

231
Country Profile

Morocco
-2020-

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232
Morocco
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 124.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 29.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.1
Population Persons (Millions) 36.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -4.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 34.9
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 8.9

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 14 34 92.8 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 41 16 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 79 83 60.1 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 79 80 65.1 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 74 77 72.8 Q3
RER Volatility 68 62 84.1 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 41 40 34.5 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 54 53 72.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 43 43 30.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 39 38 47.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 68 70 30.7 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 47 48 36.2 Q2
Voice and Accountability 81 79 34.2 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 65 66 58.1 Q3
Government Effectiveness 63 68 43.9 Q3
Regulatory Quality 66 70 44.1 Q3
Rule of Law 59 59 49.8 Q3
Control of Corruption 52 54 38.6 Q2
Institutional Environment 63 65 44.8 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 22 30 90.8 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 15 13 89.2 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 55 59 55.5 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 47 26 87.4 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 42 30 73.4 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 50 44 63.5 Q2
Business Environment 47 41 72.2 Q2
Prerequisites 59 60 60.5 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 80 81 5.0 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 58 57 1.6 Q3
Trade performance Index 63 57 37.7 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 51 50 18.1 Q2
Applied Tariff 99 100 40.3 Q4
Trading Across Borders 40 40 85.7 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 71 71 31.4 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 56 52 6.8 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 73 73 16.2 Q3
Mean years of schooling 92 92 32.0 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 68 68 38.3 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 80 80 52.0 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 82 82 29.1 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 37 37 47.1 Q2
Total tax rate 22 38 37.0 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 21 20 85.7 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 40 40 85.7 Q2
Cost Components 21 23 63.9 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 90 90 30.7 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 81 81 23.7 Q3
International shipments 86 86 25.9 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 84 84 24.9 Q4
Tracking and tracing 89 89 22.7 Q4
Timeliness 88 88 27.0 Q4
Logistics Performance 89 89 25.8 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 71 71 10.2 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 76 72 11.2 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 64 63 63.8 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 47 45 40.5 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 70 70 31.4 Q3
Underlying Factors 73 73 36.3 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 45 44 2.5 Q2

233
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 53 53 1.8 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 20 17 55.5 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 23 19 19.9 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 73 75 48.7 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 95 97 7.6 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 69 61 26.2 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
42 38 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 77 77 50.6 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 79 76 26.8 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 70 68 24.8 Q3

GFCA Index 69 69 39.8 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75 Development 60.5
58.6
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment 39.0 39.8
Differentiation 36.1 36.3
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites 24.1 24.8
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicati
Natural
ons and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Morocco Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

234
Country Profile

Mozambique
-2020-

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235
Mozambique
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 16.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 7.6
Population Persons (Millions) 32.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -11.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP -66.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 88.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 31 65 85.9 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 101 94 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 109 109 1.0 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 89 87 60.9 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 103 101 56.9 Q4
RER Volatility 39 40 90.6 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 70 69 27.4 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 103 106 60.4 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 79 80 11.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 95 95 5.4 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 91 104 14.7 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 93 97 10.4 Q4
Voice and Accountability 72 73 40.3 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 81 87 44.9 Q4
Government Effectiveness 95 98 27.3 Q4
Regulatory Quality 89 90 32.9 Q4
Rule of Law 97 97 29.7 Q4
Control of Corruption 89 91 21.5 Q4
Institutional Environment 91 93 32.8 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 104 103 59.4 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 45 46 78.5 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 88 89 37.3 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 69 71 71.9 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 103 103 25.8 Q4
Protecting Investors 94 94 27.6 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 102 103 21.5 Q4
Business Environment 98 97 46.0 Q4
Prerequisites 101 103 42.3 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 102 101 1.6 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 92 91 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 90 98 15.6 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 24 23 26.0 Q1
Applied Tariff 81 80 52.6 Q3
Trading Across Borders 60 62 74.1 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 81 81 28.5 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 15 9 48.3 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 108 108 1.6 Q4
Mean years of schooling 103 103 16.0 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 96 96 16.2 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 105 105 12.1 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 101 98 18.8 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 102 101 9.9 Q4
Total tax rate 69 70 26.8 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 74 75 59.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 60 62 74.1 Q3
Cost Components 90 92 42.7 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 75 75 37.1 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 90 90 16.0 Q4
International shipments 51 51 50.9 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 89 89 23.1 Q4
Tracking and tracing 74 74 32.9 Q3
Timeliness 79 79 34.4 Q3
Logistics Performance 76 76 32.4 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 97 95 1.5 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 103 102 1.4 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 106 106 8.3 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 106 104 9.3 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 106 106 5.1 Q4
Underlying Factors 97 96 25.5 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 80 71 1.3 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 61 61 1.5 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 68 67 21.7 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 75 74 8.2 Q3

236
Market Sophistication Index 99 96 39.3 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 65 79 17.6 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 84 86 17.2 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
82 83 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 100 100 25.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 93 97 20.1 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 93 96 16.5 Q4

GFCA Index 98 98 27.6 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 41.7 42.3
75
Development
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business 27.3 27.6
Environment & 30
Differentiation
Environment 24.9 25.5
15

0
Agglomeration 17.0 16.5
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Mozambique Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

237
Country Profile

Namibia
-2020-

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238
Namibia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 14.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.6
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 5.5
Population Persons (Millions) 2.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.3
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 18.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 71 85 78.4 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 94 96 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 98 76 61.4 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 95 91 60.6 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 44 44 81.0 Q2
RER Volatility 79 81 77.6 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 71 70 27.2 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 88 81 69.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 32 32 46.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 66 67 26.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 69 67 31.1 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 55 51 34.6 Q2
Voice and Accountability 37 39 67.6 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 27 27 80.4 Q1
Government Effectiveness 49 50 51.6 Q2
Regulatory Quality 62 62 46.7 Q3
Rule of Law 46 45 59.9 Q2
Control of Corruption 37 37 51.3 Q2
Institutional Environment 41 42 59.6 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 96 97 63.3 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 55 59 75.1 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 106 106 18.6 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 53 57 78.6 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 66 67 56.5 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 42 46 63.0 Q2
Business Environment 70 75 59.4 Q3
Prerequisites 64 65 59.3 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 62 65 8.2 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 99 100 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 89 89 20.0 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 41 47 18.6 Q2
Applied Tariff 52 53 73.6 Q2
Trading Across Borders 85 86 61.9 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 72 74 30.6 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 50 41 12.1 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 66 67 20.4 Q3
Mean years of schooling 81 81 43.0 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 79 79 34.7 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 83 83 46.7 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 80 80 31.4 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 106 107 4.8 Q4
Total tax rate 102 103 10.8 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 55 57 71.5 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 85 86 61.9 Q4
Cost Components 101 101 37.2 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 61 61 43.2 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 61 61 36.7 Q3
International shipments 79 79 32.0 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 73 73 30.7 Q3
Tracking and tracing 87 87 23.2 Q4
Timeliness 67 67 41.9 Q3
Logistics Performance 72 72 34.6 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 78 78 6.4 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 70 69 11.5 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 75 77 50.9 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 64 65 35.8 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 79 78 26.2 Q3
Underlying Factors 81 81 32.0 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 91 90 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 94 94 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 91 90 12.5 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 94 94 4.9 Q4

239
Market Sophistication Index 83 79 45.6 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 86 81 16.8 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 105 107 4.3 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
87 88 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 81 81 42.4 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 92 92 22.0 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 94 94 16.9 Q4

GFCA Index 80 80 34.2 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development
59.3
Positive Institutional 57.5
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 33.6 34.2
32.1 32.0
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

16.4 16.9
Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Namibia Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

240
Country Profile

Nepal
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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241
Nepal
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 33.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 30.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -3.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 6.1
Population Persons (Millions) 28.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -3.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -10.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 59.9
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force --

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 42 68 84.8 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 91 92 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 49 91 58.0 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 67 84 61.7 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 16 18 87.6 Q1
RER Volatility 105 103 45.7 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 17 15 50.4 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 76 79 69.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 74 73 13.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 88 87 8.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 61 61 32.8 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 81 79 18.4 Q3
Voice and Accountability 67 64 46.7 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 82 80 49.6 Q3
Government Effectiveness 98 97 27.4 Q4
Regulatory Quality 91 91 32.4 Q4
Rule of Law 84 83 38.4 Q4
Control of Corruption 81 82 23.8 Q3
Institutional Environment 85 83 36.4 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 76 82 75.8 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 90 73 72.3 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 64 67 52.2 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 92 87 61.3 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 65 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 62 64 59.0 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 94 92 32.4 Q4
Business Environment 80 70 61.2 Q3
Prerequisites 85 83 51.7 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 97 97 2.1 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 85 84 1.2 Q4
Trade performance Index 57 61 36.4 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 79 64 13.6 Q3
Applied Tariff 98 99 41.8 Q4
Trading Across Borders 49 42 85.3 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 78 75 30.1 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 74 69 4.2 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 104 104 2.7 Q4
Mean years of schooling 97 97 27.0 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 82 82 32.8 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 88 88 35.1 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 95 95 20.4 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 48 25 52.9 Q1
Total tax rate 65 49 32.8 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 88 100 40.9 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 49 42 85.3 Q2
Cost Components 66 53 53.0 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 94 94 29.2 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 96 96 14.3 Q4
International shipments 100 100 14.7 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 86 86 23.9 Q4
Tracking and tracing 81 81 28.4 Q3
Timeliness 76 76 37.6 Q3
Logistics Performance 91 91 24.7 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 82 77 7.0 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 86 84 5.7 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 87 89 33.3 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 30 18 46.7 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 85 83 23.2 Q4
Underlying Factors 84 85 30.2 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 97 95 1.1 Q4

242
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 107 106 1.0 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 104 105 4.8 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 107 107 2.3 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 56 58 52.2 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 71 48 32.1 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 96 100 10.8 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
81 86 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 80 80 44.8 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 77 74 28.2 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 84 81 20.4 Q3

GFCA Index 85 82 33.4 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 51.7
Positive Institutional 48.4
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment 33.4
Differentiation 31.7
15
29.1
30.2

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies 19.4 20.4

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Nepal South Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
India 61 61 43.3 Q3
Iran 64 66 41.6 Q3
Nepal 85 82 33.4 Q3
Pakistan 93 92 29.6 Q4

243
Country Profile

Netherlands
-2020-

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244
Netherlands
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 931.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.6
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 43.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.9
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.6
Population Persons (Millions) 17.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 88.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP 9.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.3

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 39 32 92.9 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 26 20 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 2 2 88.0 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 13 10 81.1 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 64 57 77.9 Q3
RER Volatility 88 89 69.8 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 100 100 17.7 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 43 40 75.3 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 8 9 89.7 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 49 51 39.3 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 15 12 75.3 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 15 15 68.1 Q1
Voice and Accountability 3 4 96.4 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 18 19 85.6 Q1
Government Effectiveness 7 7 91.2 Q1
Regulatory Quality 4 4 96.3 Q1
Rule of Law 7 7 95.8 Q1
Control of Corruption 9 8 92.2 Q1
Institutional Environment 7 6 92.9 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 12 16 92.6 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 57 62 74.5 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 20 21 76.3 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 40 44 82.6 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 62 64 59.0 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 53 56 56.9 Q3
Business Environment 49 51 69.6 Q2
Prerequisites 16 15 77.2 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 15 15 57.5 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 19 19 4.6 Q1
Trade performance Index 4 3 88.9 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 10 10 41.4 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 4 4 62.8 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 80 80 2.0 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 13 13 61.7 Q1
Mean years of schooling 22 23 85.0 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 8 9 71.1 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 9 9 96.4 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 15 15 63.3 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 48 45 41.6 Q2
Total tax rate 51 52 32.2 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 18 19 85.9 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 20 19 64.9 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 5 5 93.1 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 4 4 93.4 Q1
International shipments 11 11 83.7 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 5 5 90.8 Q1
Tracking and tracing 11 11 87.3 Q1
Timeliness 11 11 92.5 Q1
Logistics Performance 6 6 90.1 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 4 5 93.6 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 17 21 58.6 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 10 9 94.9 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 52 47 40.3 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 8 9 71.8 Q1
Underlying Factors 6 6 70.6 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 14 14 6.5 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 4 4 22.5 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 8 9 70.1 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 7 7 33.0 Q1

245
Market Sophistication Index 19 20 66.5 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 1 6 90.4 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 2 2 87.3 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
33 32 1.2 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 13 13 95.1 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 5 7 68.1 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 4 5 57.6 Q1

GFCA Index 5 6 69.3 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and
90 Development
Positive 75 Institutional
75.9 77.2
Externalities environment 70.7 70.6 69.3 69.3
60

Tech.
45 58.8 57.6
Business
Environment & 30 Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Netherlands OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

246
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

247
Country Profile

New Zealand
-2020-

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248
New Zealand
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 216.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 37.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.9
Population Persons (Millions) 5.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -9.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -4.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.5

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 11 17 96.1 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 54 42 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 68 74 61.7 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 12 18 79.0 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 21 20 87.3 Q1
RER Volatility 109 106 36.9 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 62 60 29.1 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 87 77 70.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 29 29 51.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 14 14 70.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 41 40 44.7 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 28 27 55.6 Q1
Voice and Accountability 5 3 96.5 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 1 1 100.0 Q1
Government Effectiveness 8 10 89.2 Q1
Regulatory Quality 3 3 96.8 Q1
Rule of Law 4 5 97.4 Q1
Control of Corruption 1 1 100.0 Q1
Institutional Environment 1 1 96.7 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 5 6 92.6 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 1 2 97.6 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 35 37 84.1 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Protecting Investors 3 3 92.8 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 18 19 77.1 Q1
Business Environment 1 1 92.0 Q1
Prerequisites 7 6 81.8 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 17 17 55.5 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 51 51 2.0 Q2
Trade performance Index 67 69 32.9 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 80 81 10.6 Q3
Applied Tariff 35 47 76.1 Q2
Trading Across Borders 42 44 84.8 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 40 41 43.6 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 71 71 4.1 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 31 31 44.1 Q2
Mean years of schooling 14 12 88.7 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 7 7 74.9 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 15 13 94.3 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 20 17 61.2 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 105 105 6.5 Q4
Total tax rate 74 74 25.3 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 10 9 90.0 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 42 44 84.8 Q2
Cost Components 57 59 51.7 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 13 13 84.9 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 13 13 84.9 Q1
International shipments 26 26 70.4 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 8 8 87.9 Q1
Tracking and tracing 16 16 82.6 Q1
Timeliness 9 9 92.6 Q1
Logistics Performance 15 15 83.9 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 17 17 75.1 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 18 17 62.8 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 12 12 92.3 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 23 24 44.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 11 11 68.8 Q1
Underlying Factors 24 25 61.8 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 51 49 2.1 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 50 51 2.0 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 106 106 4.1 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 104 104 2.7 Q4

249
Market Sophistication Index 9 6 78.5 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 25 29 48.3 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 36 42 39.7 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
24 24 1.4 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 8 8 95.7 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 20 23 52.7 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 28 32 37.7 Q2

GFCA Index 22 22 60.5 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 80.1 81.8
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 62.0 61.8 60.6 60.5


Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
39.0 37.7
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

New Zealand OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

250
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

251
Country Profile

Nicaragua
-2020-

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252
Nicaragua
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 12.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change -0.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 27.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 4.2
Population Persons (Millions) 6.6
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.8
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 8.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 84 96 70.1 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 87 75 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 73 48 67.2 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 53 66 68.5 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 22 25 84.6 Q1
RER Volatility 87 87 74.2 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 64 65 27.8 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 73 75 70.3 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 93 94 6.2 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 84 84 10.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 101 101 15.0 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 97 96 10.6 Q4
Voice and Accountability 78 84 29.3 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 56 63 58.7 Q3
Government Effectiveness 92 92 31.3 Q4
Regulatory Quality 85 87 35.2 Q4
Rule of Law 82 90 35.5 Q4
Control of Corruption 93 96 18.8 Q4
Institutional Environment 82 86 34.8 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 86 87 73.1 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 105 105 50.1 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 99 100 27.0 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 78 78 68.6 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 65 71 50.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 104 104 17.9 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 56 59 54.5 Q3
Business Environment 91 92 48.8 Q4
Prerequisites 91 96 46.7 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 84 86 3.7 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 97 98 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 92 91 19.1 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 34 36 21.3 Q2
Applied Tariff 33 34 83.8 Q2
Trading Across Borders 57 57 77.2 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 60 62 34.4 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 47 46 10.4 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 88 88 7.5 Q4
Mean years of schooling 82 82 42.2 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 83 82 32.8 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 81 81 48.2 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 83 83 28.2 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 35 34 47.9 Q2
Total tax rate 11 13 52.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 89 91 47.1 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 57 57 77.2 Q3
Cost Components 42 43 56.2 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 78 78 36.7 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 77 77 26.3 Q3
International shipments 93 93 22.1 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 78 78 27.3 Q3
Tracking and tracing 91 91 21.0 Q4
Timeliness 96 96 17.4 Q4
Logistics Performance 90 90 25.1 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 74 76 7.3 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 75 76 9.4 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 92 92 26.9 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 35 62 36.8 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 84 88 20.1 Q4
Underlying Factors 78 79 32.8 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 77 83 1.2 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 90 90 1.1 Q4

253
Number of BITs Accumulated 88 82 14.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 91 87 5.7 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 74 85 44.3 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 52 65 22.9 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 100 102 7.1 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 86 86 38.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 81 89 22.7 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 82 89 17.6 Q4

GFCA Index 81 86 31.9 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
90.0
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and 46.0 46.7
75.0
Development
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60.0 environment

45.0 33.2 32.8 32.8 31.9


Tech.
30.0
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15.0

0.0 19.6
Agglomeration 17.6
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Nicaragua Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4

254
Country Profile

Nigeria
-2020-

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255
Nigeria
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 494.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 12.1
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -3.3
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 11.7
Population Persons (Millions) 206.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 14.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force n/a

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 85 92 74.5 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 96 98 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 34 33 70.8 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 87 89 60.8 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 14 15 88.5 Q1
RER Volatility 95 96 62.2 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 36 27 39.0 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 79 69 70.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 95 93 6.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 56 57 32.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 81 79 23.8 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 73 74 21.0 Q3
Voice and Accountability 70 72 42.5 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 105 104 20.7 Q4
Government Effectiveness 100 101 23.4 Q4
Regulatory Quality 97 97 28.8 Q4
Rule of Law 96 96 32.1 Q4
Control of Corruption 100 100 15.9 Q4
Institutional Environment 102 103 27.3 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 66 62 81.9 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 99 51 77.1 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 109 109 1.0 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 100 102 47.0 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 7 9 85.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 24 24 75.9 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 62 53 59.7 Q2
Business Environment 81 71 61.1 Q3
Prerequisites 89 87 50.0 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 83 84 3.7 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 24 26 3.4 Q1
Trade performance Index 104 105 10.5 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 106 104 3.3 Q4
Applied Tariff 101 104 32.6 Q4
Trading Across Borders 104 103 29.9 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 106 105 13.9 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 32 30 18.2 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 80 82 11.5 Q3
Mean years of schooling 87 87 39.6 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 97 97 15.8 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 93 93 27.7 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 94 94 22.5 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 73 73 27.7 Q3
Total tax rate 73 73 25.5 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 87 89 48.0 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 104 103 29.9 Q4
Cost Components 107 107 32.8 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 105 105 16.5 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 73 73 28.6 Q3
International shipments 91 91 23.1 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 93 93 21.2 Q4
Tracking and tracing 77 77 30.0 Q3
Timeliness 77 77 36.0 Q3
Logistics Performance 88 88 25.9 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 105 103 1.1 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 107 104 1.1 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 84 84 41.6 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 97 89 25.8 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 91 90 17.4 Q4
Underlying Factors 103 102 22.5 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 55 56 1.6 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 44 45 2.3 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 63 62 23.3 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 68 66 9.1 Q3

256
Market Sophistication Index 75 69 49.3 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 85 70 20.6 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 102 89 16.2 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
74 61 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 92 92 33.0 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 91 88 24.0 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 91 84 19.5 Q4

GFCA Index 97 94 29.2 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
50.0
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 46.6

45
Tech.
30 Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 29.2
27.4
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
21.9 22.5
Economies 19.5
17.6

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Nigeria Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4

257
Country Profile

Norway
-2020-

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258
Norway
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 422.1


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 47.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 5.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.9
Population Persons (Millions) 5.4
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 30.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP 7.2
Total investment Percent of GDP 28.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.5

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 17 11 97.0 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 11 55 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 9 11 81.3 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 1 2 97.9 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 30 33 83.7 Q2
RER Volatility 30 31 93.2 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 43 44 33.2 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 3 4 83.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 19 18 71.7 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 15 15 65.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 19 19 62.9 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 17 17 66.6 Q1
Voice and Accountability 1 1 100.0 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 5 5 91.7 Q1
Government Effectiveness 3 4 92.8 Q1
Regulatory Quality 13 11 90.3 Q1
Rule of Law 2 2 99.5 Q1
Control of Corruption 3 4 98.5 Q1
Institutional Environment 2 2 95.5 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 11 17 92.6 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 16 18 86.4 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 9 10 86.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 24 34 84.5 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 61 66 55.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 19 19 80.7 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 3 4 94.3 Q1
Business Environment 12 14 83.0 Q1
Prerequisites 2 2 84.3 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 1 1 100.0 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 28 27 3.0 Q1
Trade performance Index 51 53 40.7 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 56 57 15.1 Q3
Applied Tariff 3 3 94.2 Q1
Trading Across Borders 19 19 97.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 11 11 58.3 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 35 34 15.2 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 4 4 82.4 Q1
Mean years of schooling 14 14 88.2 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 9 8 71.6 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 1 1 100.0 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 4 3 71.5 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 66 65 32.5 Q3
Total tax rate 65 69 26.9 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 24 29 83.4 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 19 19 97.0 Q1
Cost Components 28 31 60.0 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 20 20 77.5 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 23 23 73.1 Q1
International shipments 25 25 70.5 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 22 22 74.4 Q1
Tracking and tracing 14 14 83.8 Q1
Timeliness 24 24 77.7 Q1
Logistics Performance 21 21 76.2 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 7 7 89.2 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 62 65 18.5 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 4 6 96.7 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 68 70 33.6 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 27 29 59.5 Q2
Underlying Factors 15 15 65.1 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 54 56 1.6 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 33 35 2.9 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 91 90 12.5 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 88 88 5.7 Q4

259
Market Sophistication Index 17 16 67.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 20 20 64.9 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 25 29 45.5 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
38 39 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 14 14 92.6 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 19 21 54.2 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 25 26 39.7 Q1

GFCA Index 16 18 63.2 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 83.9 84.3
Development
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
65.3 65.1 63.4 63.2
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
40.4 39.7
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Norway OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2

260
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2

261
Country Profile

Oman
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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262
Oman
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 78.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 43.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -6.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.8
Population Persons (Millions) 4.4
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -6.3
Current account balance Percent of GDP -8.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 32.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 62 80 80.4 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 3 56 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 106 102 50.8 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 107 106 46.2 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 45 59 77.7 Q3
RER Volatility 26 27 93.9 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 42 43 33.5 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 93 84 68.9 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 44 45 29.6 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 52 49 41.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 44 44 39.8 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 48 46 36.9 Q2
Voice and Accountability 89 89 23.2 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 25 26 81.7 Q1
Government Effectiveness 51 49 52.3 Q2
Regulatory Quality 43 46 60.0 Q2
Rule of Law 42 42 63.4 Q2
Control of Corruption 38 39 49.9 Q2
Institutional Environment 48 48 55.1 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 16 22 91.4 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 34 38 80.6 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 45 38 66.0 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 28 28 87.2 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 90 95 35.7 Q4
Protecting Investors 72 67 56.5 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 46 50 60.2 Q2
Business Environment 58 56 68.2 Q3
Prerequisites 60 55 60.9 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 41 43 20.5 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 68 68 1.3 Q3
Trade performance Index 71 70 32.7 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 27 31 23.1 Q2
Applied Tariff 7 7 85.8 Q1
Trading Across Borders 50 45 84.2 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 48 46 41.3 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 4 4 62.9 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 28 32 43.8 Q2
Mean years of schooling 53 51 65.3 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 50 49 49.3 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 41 41 79.6 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 17 21 60.2 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 78 77 26.7 Q3
Total tax rate 92 91 17.8 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 12 11 89.0 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 50 45 84.2 Q2
Cost Components 51 48 54.4 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 42 42 51.9 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 36 36 52.1 Q2
International shipments 33 33 63.7 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 45 45 48.2 Q2
Tracking and tracing 63 63 42.3 Q3
Timeliness 28 28 71.1 Q1
Logistics Performance 40 40 54.9 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 66 64 19.6 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 64 63 20.3 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 33 33 81.2 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 10 29 44.2 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 54 54 41.4 Q2
Underlying Factors 40 39 50.4 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 74 68 1.4 Q3

263
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 75 74 1.3 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 55 55 27.1 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 63 62 9.9 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 60 63 51.7 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 90 88 15.1 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 82 95 13.7 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
60 63 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 51 51 71.1 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 66 66 30.5 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 69 70 24.3 Q3

GFCA Index 56 57 44.9 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 60.9
75 58.4
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
50.4 50.4
45
Tech. 44.2 44.9
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration 24.4 24.3
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicati
Natural
ons and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Oman Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

264
Country Profile

Pakistan
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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265
Pakistan
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) n/a


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 23.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 13.0
Population Persons (Millions) 208.6
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) n/a
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 14.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 25 19 95.4 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 69 48 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 77 86 59.1 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 92 100 54.3 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 80 83 70.0 Q4
RER Volatility 52 55 86.8 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 61 63 28.1 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 64 73 70.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 85 84 9.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 86 86 8.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 40 32 52.9 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 74 70 23.8 Q3
Voice and Accountability 82 82 32.0 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 108 107 12.7 Q4
Government Effectiveness 85 86 33.1 Q4
Regulatory Quality 88 88 35.1 Q4
Rule of Law 89 89 36.5 Q4
Control of Corruption 90 88 21.9 Q4
Institutional Environment 101 100 28.6 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 80 47 85.8 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 101 82 69.2 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 108 108 16.9 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 102 88 60.9 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 24 24 75.9 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 95 95 29.5 Q4
Business Environment 93 88 54.8 Q4
Prerequisites 97 90 48.7 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 92 91 2.5 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 36 33 2.7 Q2
Trade performance Index 80 77 24.7 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 102 102 4.5 Q4
Applied Tariff 96 97 42.6 Q4
Trading Across Borders 75 74 69.1 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 93 92 24.3 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 67 73 4.0 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 86 85 9.7 Q4
Mean years of schooling 93 93 29.6 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 104 103 8.5 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 91 92 32.2 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 100 101 16.8 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 68 67 30.5 Q3
Total tax rate 75 77 24.4 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 99 90 47.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 75 74 69.1 Q3
Cost Components 95 91 42.9 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 104 104 22.6 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 94 94 14.4 Q4
International shipments 82 82 28.7 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 76 76 29.0 Q3
Tracking and tracing 100 100 12.1 Q4
Timeliness 99 99 16.7 Q4
Logistics Performance 96 96 20.6 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 87 87 2.8 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 89 88 3.2 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 102 102 14.1 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 100 98 19.4 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 102 101 9.9 Q4
Underlying Factors 102 101 22.9 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 58 61 1.4 Q3

266
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 59 59 1.6 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 42 39 36.3 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 49 47 13.1 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 85 82 44.9 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 83 78 18.3 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 65 62 26.0 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
49 49 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 94 94 30.0 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 90 87 24.0 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 81 80 20.8 Q3

GFCA Index 93 92 29.6 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional 48.7
Externalities 60 environment
44.8
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 29.6
28.1
0
Agglomeration 22.4 22.9
Economies
Prerequisites 20.0 20.8

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Pakistan South Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
India 61 61 43.3 Q3
Iran 64 66 41.6 Q3
Nepal 85 82 33.4 Q3
Pakistan 93 92 29.6 Q4

267
Country Profile

Panama
-2020-

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268
Panama
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 73.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 20.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.5
Population Persons (Millions) 4.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -3.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -5.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 38.9
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.9

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 68 77 83.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 60 28 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 99 97 54.9 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 48 61 69.4 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 32 36 83.5 Q2
RER Volatility 57 56 86.3 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 81 81 23.4 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 61 62 71.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 55 55 23.1 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 54 55 35.3 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 60 60 33.3 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 59 58 30.5 Q3
Voice and Accountability 39 38 67.7 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 38 37 73.6 Q2
Government Effectiveness 50 56 49.3 Q3
Regulatory Quality 48 47 58.5 Q2
Rule of Law 53 54 53.6 Q2
Control of Corruption 67 73 29.1 Q3
Institutional Environment 47 47 55.3 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 33 37 89.5 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 62 67 73.3 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 62 62 54.5 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 27 39 83.7 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 11 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 66 67 56.5 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 81 84 37.6 Q4
Business Environment 54 58 67.9 Q3
Prerequisites 53 56 60.8 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 42 40 21.1 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 70 70 1.3 Q3
Trade performance Index 43 46 52.7 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 38 41 19.7 Q2
Applied Tariff 45 42 78.4 Q2
Trading Across Borders 39 41 85.6 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 43 44 43.1 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 92 90 1.5 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 52 52 31.4 Q2
Mean years of schooling 48 48 68.8 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 70 69 37.4 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 54 54 72.5 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 61 59 42.3 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 47 49 40.6 Q2
Total tax rate 63 64 28.0 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 100 101 40.4 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 39 41 85.6 Q2
Cost Components 67 69 48.7 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 43 43 51.9 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 39 39 51.1 Q2
International shipments 31 31 64.5 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 32 32 59.7 Q2
Tracking and tracing 34 34 60.6 Q2
Timeliness 44 44 61.2 Q2
Logistics Performance 36 36 58.2 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 58 55 28.6 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 51 42 30.1 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 69 70 58.1 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 34 23 45.7 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 58 56 40.6 Q3
Underlying Factors 53 52 46.6 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 63 62 1.4 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 57 56 1.7 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 74 74 19.4 Q3

269
Agglomeration Economies 79 78 7.5 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 62 58 52.2 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 93 98 6.3 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 101 99 11.1 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
57 56 1.0 Q3
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 65 65 61.6 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 78 80 26.5 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 79 79 20.8 Q3

GFICA Index 63 64 41.9 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFICA Index Structure and
75 Development 60.0 60.8
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 46.0 46.6
Tech.
Environment & 30
Business 41.5 41.9
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies 20.9 20.8

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Panama Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Country Profile

Paraguay
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Paraguay
Economic Indicators 2020
Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 42.8
Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 4.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 18.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.7
Population Persons (Millions) 7.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.9

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 81 88 76.1 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 66 57 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 26 36 70.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 34 41 73.6 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 8 11 90.9 Q1
RER Volatility 45 41 90.3 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 23 21 42.5 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 17 24 77.7 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 87 88 8.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 82 82 13.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 109 109 1.0 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 105 105 7.7 Q4
Voice and Accountability 60 59 52.0 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 51 52 65.8 Q2
Government Effectiveness 97 93 31.2 Q4
Regulatory Quality 71 68 44.5 Q3
Rule of Law 83 81 38.6 Q3
Control of Corruption 86 84 23.3 Q4
Institutional Environment 72 70 42.6 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 94 95 68.3 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 52 55 76.3 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 58 58 56.0 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 71 73 70.7 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 83 88 40.6 Q4
Protecting Investors 92 92 30.0 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 60 52 59.8 Q2
Business Environment 79 83 57.4 Q4
Prerequisites 78 77 53.2 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 68 66 8.0 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 81 82 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 105 102 13.1 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 40 38 20.5 Q2
Applied Tariff 63 64 65.0 Q3
Trading Across Borders 81 82 65.5 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 82 79 28.9 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 66 60 5.4 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 79 80 11.8 Q3
Mean years of schooling 65 65 55.1 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 74 72 36.1 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 70 71 60.3 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 78 78 33.7 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 54 54 37.8 Q2
Total tax rate 72 72 25.7 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 73 74 59.9 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 81 82 65.5 Q3
Cost Components 78 78 47.2 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 62 62 43.0 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 75 75 28.1 Q3
International shipments 78 78 32.0 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 69 69 34.5 Q3
Tracking and tracing 82 82 27.0 Q3
Timeliness 52 52 54.0 Q2
Logistics Performance 69 69 36.4 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 70 69 10.8 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 80 78 8.3 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 65 62 64.0 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 67 71 33.5 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 74 74 29.1 Q3
Underlying Factors 75 74 35.1 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 84 84 1.2 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 97 97 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 73 72 20.2 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 80 79 7.5 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 46 72 49.0 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 73 71 20.4 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 103 106 4.9 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
95 77 1.0 Q3
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 76 76 51.1 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 74 83 25.3 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 78 82 20.0 Q3

GFICA Index 76 77 35.5 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFICA Index Structure and
Development
53.2
75 51.6
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Environment & 30
Business 34.9 35.1 35.6 35.5
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration 21.3 20.0
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential
Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Paraguay Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA GFICA GFICA


Index Rank Index Rank Index Value Quartile
2019 2020 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4
Country Profile

Peru
-2020-

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Peru
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 240.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.6
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 21.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.9
Population Persons (Millions) 32.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -4.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.9
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.7

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 48 63 86.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 73 59 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 56 54 65.5 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 61 58 69.9 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 15 14 89.1 Q1
RER Volatility 60 57 85.8 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 9 9 59.5 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 11 10 79.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 53 52 24.3 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 34 29 54.9 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 83 83 22.5 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 57 56 33.9 Q3
Voice and Accountability 50 50 59.7 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 63 61 60.3 Q3
Government Effectiveness 69 69 43.5 Q3
Regulatory Quality 46 45 60.8 Q2
Rule of Law 75 76 41.9 Q3
Control of Corruption 66 66 30.8 Q3
Institutional Environment 54 54 49.5 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 75 80 76.4 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 46 48 77.8 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 40 40 64.7 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 61 64 74.8 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 32 37 71.0 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 54 57 55.3 Q3
Business Environment 43 45 70.8 Q2
Prerequisites 49 49 63.0 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 61 61 9.2 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 48 48 2.0 Q2
Trade performance Index 76 78 24.5 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 86 85 8.8 Q4
Applied Tariff 60 59 69.2 Q3
Trading Across Borders 73 66 71.5 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 73 72 30.9 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 29 26 22.1 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 75 75 14.4 Q3
Mean years of schooling 58 58 61.4 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 60 61 43.6 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 60 61 66.3 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 64 61 41.6 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 90 89 22.8 Q4
Total tax rate 67 66 27.6 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 70 73 61.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 73 66 71.5 Q3
Cost Components 84 84 45.9 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 72 72 38.6 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 88 88 17.7 Q4
International shipments 61 61 39.9 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 91 91 22.1 Q4
Tracking and tracing 86 86 24.5 Q4
Timeliness 51 51 54.0 Q2
Logistics Performance 75 75 32.8 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 67 107 1.0 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 66 107 1.0 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 77 76 51.1 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 46 46 40.3 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 69 82 23.3 Q3
Underlying Factors 74 75 34.9 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 46 47 2.3 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 45 44 2.3 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 63 64 22.5 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 64 67 9.0 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 26 23 65.8 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 40 41 39.3 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 76 81 18.1 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
45 44 1.1 Q2
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 61 61 66.3 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 48 50 38.1 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 54 55 29.4 Q2

GFICA Index 62 65 41.6 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFICA Index Structure and
75
Development 61.6 63.0
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30
Business 41.9 41.6
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 36.0 34.9

0 29.7 29.4
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Peru Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4
Country Profile

Philippines
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Philippines
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 383.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 22.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.3
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.3
Population Persons (Millions) 110.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -8.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 29.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.1

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 35 29 93.9 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 34 50 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 53 57 65.1 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 33 42 73.5 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 36 35 83.5 Q2
RER Volatility 35 36 91.4 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 20 35 36.4 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 19 25 77.7 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 40 40 37.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 63 60 29.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 46 45 39.7 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 50 49 35.6 Q2
Voice and Accountability 55 56 55.1 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 95 96 38.4 Q4
Government Effectiveness 59 59 47.8 Q3
Regulatory Quality 58 57 50.1 Q3
Rule of Law 66 69 43.8 Q3
Control of Corruption 68 70 29.9 Q3
Institutional Environment 65 68 44.2 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 100 101 62.1 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 59 60 75.1 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 78 79 43.4 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 25 25 87.6 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 83 88 40.6 Q4
Protecting Investors 78 60 61.4 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 92 93 32.3 Q4
Business Environment 85 82 57.5 Q3
Prerequisites 67 68 57.3 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 81 80 5.1 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 32 31 2.8 Q2
Trade performance Index 45 41 54.5 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 69 65 13.2 Q3
Applied Tariff 50 50 74.2 Q2
Trading Across Borders 71 75 68.8 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 55 54 36.4 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 60 62 5.0 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 78 77 12.5 Q3
Mean years of schooling 55 55 62.7 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 72 72 36.1 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 72 72 58.0 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 75 75 34.9 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 95 94 18.6 Q4
Total tax rate 45 46 34.1 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 58 61 69.3 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 71 75 68.8 Q3
Cost Components 73 74 47.7 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 72 72 38.6 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 64 64 35.2 Q3
International shipments 34 34 63.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 64 64 36.8 Q3
Tracking and tracing 54 54 46.0 Q2
Timeliness 82 82 32.0 Q3
Logistics Performance 57 57 42.0 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 75 74 8.8 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 83 80 7.5 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 66 69 60.3 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 66 43 41.3 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 78 72 29.5 Q3
Underlying Factors 70 69 38.1 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 31 33 3.2 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 51 50 2.0 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 52 50 29.4 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 57 57 11.5 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 78 87 43.3 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 42 30 47.4 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 47 29 45.5 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
29 28 1.3 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 60 60 66.9 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 54 42 40.9 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 57 47 32.1 Q2

GFCA Index 66 63 42.5 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional 57.3
Externalities 60 environment
55.5

45
Tech.
Environment & 30 Business 42.5
Environment 40.9
Differentiation 37.7 38.1
15
32.1
0 29.5
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Philippines East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4
Country Profile

Poland
-2020-

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Poland
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 606.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 43.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.5
Population Persons (Millions) 37.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -6.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 19 38 92.0 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 32 17 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 46 43 67.5 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 41 45 73.1 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 57 50 79.5 Q2
RER Volatility 89 90 69.4 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 39 41 34.0 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 51 49 73.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 52 51 24.6 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 26 28 56.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 25 24 55.1 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 36 36 45.5 Q2
Voice and Accountability 30 32 74.4 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 31 32 77.2 Q2
Government Effectiveness 37 37 63.6 Q2
Regulatory Quality 31 32 70.6 Q2
Rule of Law 36 38 65.1 Q2
Control of Corruption 31 30 60.8 Q2
Institutional Environment 34 35 68.6 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 71 77 77.5 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 28 32 81.9 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 46 64 52.7 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 46 45 82.5 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 37 42 68.6 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 38 40 64.6 Q2
Business Environment 32 43 71.9 Q2
Prerequisites 33 35 68.1 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 31 26 33.2 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 18 18 5.6 Q1
Trade performance Index 12 13 79.8 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 28 26 24.7 Q1
Applied Tariff 40 37 81.8 Q2
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 25 18 54.2 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 77 75 3.4 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 43 41 38.3 Q2
Mean years of schooling 21 21 85.8 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 24 21 60.5 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 30 30 85.5 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 38 38 54.7 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 30 30 51.1 Q2
Total tax rate 53 53 31.7 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 48 51 73.7 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 22 20 64.1 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 31 31 67.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 33 33 54.2 Q2
International shipments 12 12 83.5 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 27 27 69.9 Q1
Tracking and tracing 29 29 65.1 Q2
Timeliness 23 23 78.3 Q1
Logistics Performance 26 26 69.7 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 41 48 35.4 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 41 43 29.9 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 44 43 77.0 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 25 26 44.8 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 42 50 46.8 Q2
Underlying Factors 28 29 57.9 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 9 9 10.0 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 25 25 4.0 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 28 46 31.7 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 24 39 15.2 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 50 53 54.5 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 39 36 42.7 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 43 38 41.3 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
26 26 1.3 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 29 29 84.6 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 37 34 44.9 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 34 35 36.0 Q2

GFCA Index 30 32 54.5 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
67.8 68.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
58.1 57.9
45 54.8 54.5
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
36.8 36.0
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Poland OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Portugal
-2020-

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Portugal
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 243.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.6
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 43.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 3.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.2
Population Persons (Millions) 10.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 18.9
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.6

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 59 73 84.2 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 50 27 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 43 41 67.9 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 46 46 72.9 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 104 104 49.6 Q4
RER Volatility 55 61 84.6 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 101 101 17.5 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 83 90 68.1 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 24 26 57.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 23 26 58.6 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 10 10 77.8 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 16 20 64.6 Q1
Voice and Accountability 17 16 85.8 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 12 7 89.5 Q1
Government Effectiveness 22 21 77.2 Q1
Regulatory Quality 33 33 70.0 Q2
Rule of Law 22 22 79.2 Q1
Control of Corruption 25 25 65.4 Q1
Institutional Environment 21 21 77.9 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 38 42 88.0 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 42 45 78.6 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 27 27 73.9 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 36 40 83.5 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 27 28 70.8 Q1
Business Environment 40 42 72.0 Q2
Prerequisites 23 27 71.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 32 30 27.9 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 47 47 2.0 Q2
Trade performance Index 15 14 77.2 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 39 32 21.8 Q2
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 27 27 52.2 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 89 87 1.8 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 39 42 38.2 Q2
Mean years of schooling 58 58 61.4 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 22 24 59.9 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 36 36 82.0 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 48 47 48.7 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 23 22 54.1 Q1
Total tax rate 57 55 30.7 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 27 32 81.8 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 14 15 66.7 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 33 33 63.8 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 30 30 55.7 Q2
International shipments 7 7 91.2 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 21 21 75.1 Q1
Tracking and tracing 23 23 74.2 Q1
Timeliness 18 18 86.4 Q1
Logistics Performance 23 23 74.4 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 15 14 79.7 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 9 7 83.4 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 46 48 74.0 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 60 60 37.0 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 15 12 68.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 26 24 62.1 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 38 29 3.5 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 38 38 2.8 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 34 32 41.7 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 32 29 16.0 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 40 48 56.7 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 41 40 40.6 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 35 42 39.7 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
50 50 1.0 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 25 25 86.0 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 35 35 44.8 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 35 33 36.2 Q2

GFCA Index 28 28 57.0 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 70.8 71.4
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 61.6 62.1
45
56.8 57.0
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
36.6 36.2
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Portugal OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Qatar
-2020-

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© Copyright 2019 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Qatar
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 195.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 29.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 8.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.2
Population Persons (Millions) 2.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 8.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP 4.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 0.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 99 102 58.0 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 2 77 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 27 14 79.9 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 36 5 86.8 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 49 52 78.9 Q2
RER Volatility 84 84 75.7 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 48 55 29.6 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 69 54 72.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 37 37 41.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 24 20 62.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 38 39 45.1 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 35 34 49.8 Q2
Voice and Accountability 97 96 19.6 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 22 24 82.2 Q1
Government Effectiveness 36 36 64.4 Q2
Regulatory Quality 41 41 62.2 Q2
Rule of Law 33 33 70.6 Q2
Control of Corruption 28 28 62.9 Q1
Institutional Environment 40 40 60.3 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 56 64 81.6 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 11 12 90.1 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 13 1 100.0 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 49 38 83.8 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 83 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 100 100 22.7 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 74 75 47.6 Q3
Business Environment 62 61 67.3 Q3
Prerequisites 45 44 64.8 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 5 7 70.1 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 55 55 1.7 Q2
Trade performance Index 95 94 17.4 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 37 39 20.4 Q2
Applied Tariff 42 40 78.5 Q2
Trading Across Borders 64 65 71.8 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 42 43 43.3 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 6 8 50.1 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 1 1 100.0 Q1
Mean years of schooling 51 51 65.3 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 80 82 32.8 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 35 37 82.0 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 6 7 66.0 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 85 85 23.4 Q4
Total tax rate 109 109 1.0 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 2 3 99.4 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 64 65 71.8 Q3
Cost Components 65 67 48.9 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 37 37 57.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 25 25 60.7 Q1
International shipments 9 9 87.2 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 28 28 63.2 Q1
Tracking and tracing 28 28 67.5 Q1
Timeliness 35 35 66.4 Q2
Logistics Performance 28 28 67.0 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 61 61 21.5 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 49 46 28.1 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2 1 100.0 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 15 15 47.7 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 41 41 49.3 Q2
Underlying Factors 34 36 54.9 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 62 60 1.5 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 62 63 1.5 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 28 25 45.5 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 35 28 16.1 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 65 66 50.8 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 68 57 27.2 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 56 70 22.7 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
59 58 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 45 45 74.7 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 59 61 35.3 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 56 54 29.5 Q2

GFCA Index 42 42 49.9 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90 64.8
GFCA Index Structure and
62.2
Development
75
Positive Institutional 55.3 54.9
Externalities 60 environment
49.2 49.9
45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15
29.5 29.5
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicati
Natural
ons and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics
Cost Components
Performance

Qatar Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4
Country Profile

Romania
-2020-

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Romania
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 261.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.3
Population Persons (Millions) 19.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -13.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -5.2
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.9
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.6

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 90 82 80.0 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 74 76 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 72 81 60.2 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 66 75 66.8 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 28 27 84.5 Q1
RER Volatility 86 82 76.3 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 43 45 31.8 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 70 63 71.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 84 86 9.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 55 56 33.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 43 41 42.1 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 66 66 28.0 Q3
Voice and Accountability 40 41 66.6 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 44 48 68.5 Q2
Government Effectiveness 65 70 43.2 Q3
Regulatory Quality 42 42 61.4 Q2
Rule of Law 45 43 61.6 Q2
Control of Corruption 49 48 41.3 Q2
Institutional Environment 43 45 57.1 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 65 56 83.8 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 89 93 62.8 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 34 36 69.0 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 96 96 54.1 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 11 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 16 17 78.4 Q1
Business Environment 50 47 70.3 Q2
Prerequisites 52 52 61.7 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 51 50 14.2 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 50 49 2.0 Q2
Trade performance Index 20 22 71.7 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 47 43 19.4 Q2
Applied Tariff 36 36 83.3 Q2
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 33 33 48.4 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 75 76 3.3 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 47 46 34.6 Q2
Mean years of schooling 37 37 75.6 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 55 56 46.6 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 45 46 75.9 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 51 52 47.2 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 27 104 7.7 Q4
Total tax rate 56 104 10.1 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 37 28 83.5 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 17 63 50.3 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 69 69 40.6 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 48 48 42.3 Q2
International shipments 45 45 57.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 43 43 49.0 Q2
Tracking and tracing 38 38 54.8 Q2
Timeliness 37 37 65.3 Q2
Logistics Performance 45 45 51.6 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 39 39 56.6 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 40 38 32.3 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 59 55 69.9 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 61 57 37.3 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 48 43 49.0 Q2
Underlying Factors 39 44 49.3 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 20 18 5.6 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 49 47 2.2 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 13 13 60.9 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 15 14 22.9 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 68 72 49.0 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 49 46 33.6 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 41 41 40.5 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
47 47 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 56 56 68.9 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 49 49 38.6 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 42 39 33.9 Q2

GFCA Index 43 45 48.7 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 61.7
75 60.0
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
51.9
45
49.3 49.0 48.7
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
33.6 33.9
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Romania Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3
Country Profile

Russia
-2020-

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Russia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,657.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 34.1
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.5
Population Persons (Millions) 146.6
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 64.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP 3.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 86 67 85.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 85 90 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 19 17 77.5 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 31 16 79.4 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 5 4 93.5 Q1
RER Volatility 8 5 98.0 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 10 10 58.3 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 4 2 84.5 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 51 49 25.9 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 12 12 72.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 59 57 34.6 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 37 37 44.2 Q2
Voice and Accountability 92 93 21.9 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 83 79 50.2 Q3
Government Effectiveness 67 63 45.3 Q3
Regulatory Quality 82 83 38.5 Q4
Rule of Law 91 92 35.0 Q4
Control of Corruption 95 94 20.9 Q4
Institutional Environment 88 85 35.3 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 25 31 90.6 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 22 23 83.9 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 8 9 88.9 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 11 7 97.8 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 11 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 62 60 61.4 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 15 16 79.2 Q1
Business Environment 14 13 83.1 Q1
Prerequisites 42 41 66.0 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 54 53 13.7 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 12 11 8.2 Q1
Trade performance Index 50 49 43.0 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 85 84 9.3 Q4
Applied Tariff 62 61 68.1 Q3
Trading Across Borders 59 61 74.3 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 57 55 36.1 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 26 25 28.6 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 48 48 33.4 Q2
Mean years of schooling 27 27 82.9 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 36 36 54.6 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 43 43 77.4 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 37 37 55.4 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 8 10 73.5 Q1
Total tax rate 37 36 37.4 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 43 43 76.9 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 59 61 74.3 Q3
Cost Components 18 16 65.5 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 81 81 34.3 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 58 58 37.1 Q3
International shipments 81 81 29.5 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 66 66 35.7 Q3
Tracking and tracing 80 80 28.4 Q3
Timeliness 61 61 47.7 Q3
Logistics Performance 70 70 35.4 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 40 40 47.9 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 34 34 35.4 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 43 35 80.5 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 7 7 54.1 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 34 33 54.5 Q2
Underlying Factors 43 43 49.4 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 15 16 6.2 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 18 17 6.6 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 13 12 61.6 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 13 13 24.8 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 49 50 56.3 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 31 33 45.7 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 45 46 35.7 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
7 7 3.7 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 28 28 85.2 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 33 33 45.3 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 27 27 39.2 Q1

GFCA Index 37 37 51.9 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
63.7 66.0
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
51.1 51.9
45 49.0 49.4
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Differentiation
Environment 39.4 39.2
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Russia Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3
Country Profile

Saudi Arabia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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Saudi Arabia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 783.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 37.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -6.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.2
Population Persons (Millions) 34.8
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 11.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 28.4
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force n/a

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 74 84 78.5 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 6 84 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 27 16 77.8 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 106 101 54.1 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 6 7 91.7 Q1
RER Volatility 102 101 51.0 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 1 1 100.0 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 44 12 79.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 39 39 37.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 44 39 46.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 11 17 68.9 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 29 33 51.0 Q2
Voice and Accountability 108 107 5.4 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 74 73 54.1 Q3
Government Effectiveness 48 46 54.5 Q2
Regulatory Quality 56 58 49.9 Q3
Rule of Law 47 47 57.8 Q2
Control of Corruption 41 38 50.9 Q2
Institutional Environment 67 63 45.4 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 85 27 91.0 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 26 22 84.0 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 12 13 82.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 51 15 91.9 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 10 3 92.8 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 43 38 66.2 Q2
Business Environment 31 19 81.3 Q1
Prerequisites 44 37 67.3 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 29 31 26.9 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 20 21 4.3 Q1
Trade performance Index 79 76 25.2 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 58 63 13.8 Q3
Applied Tariff 54 60 68.5 Q3
Trading Across Borders 94 58 76.2 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 64 58 35.8 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 3 3 63.8 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 5 5 78.2 Q1
Mean years of schooling 52 51 65.3 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 16 16 64.5 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 33 33 83.5 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 1 4 71.1 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 73 73 27.7 Q3
Total tax rate 106 106 5.6 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 52 41 78.2 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 94 58 76.2 Q3
Cost Components 98 80 46.9 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 59 59 43.8 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 40 40 50.2 Q2
International shipments 53 53 47.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 54 54 40.2 Q2
Tracking and tracing 43 43 50.8 Q2
Timeliness 62 62 47.1 Q3
Logistics Performance 52 52 46.6 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 42 42 44.2 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 56 48 27.6 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 27 10 93.4 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 51 49 39.8 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 45 38 51.3 Q2
Underlying Factors 46 40 50.3 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 49 50 2.1 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 23 23 4.1 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 74 75 18.7 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 70 71 8.3 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 36 39 59.2 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 48 44 34.9 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 66 74 20.7 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
31 30 1.2 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 46 46 74.5 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 46 51 38.1 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 55 57 29.2 Q3

GFCA Index 46 44 48.8 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 67.3
Positive Institutional 62.5
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech. 50.3 48.8
Business 48.0 46.8
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration 29.7 29.2
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Saudi Arabia Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4
Country Profile

Senegal
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Senegal
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 25.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 23.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.5
Population Persons (Millions) 17.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -2.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP -11.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 32.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 44 59 87.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 35 29 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 92 99 53.1 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 73 72 67.0 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 63 73 74.1 Q3
RER Volatility 54 58 85.7 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 57 55 29.6 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 58 68 70.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 94 92 6.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 98 98 4.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 86 80 23.6 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 98 95 11.6 Q4
Voice and Accountability 49 49 61.1 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 59 58 63.0 Q3
Government Effectiveness 76 75 39.7 Q3
Regulatory Quality 64 63 46.5 Q3
Rule of Law 58 58 49.8 Q3
Control of Corruption 48 47 41.8 Q2
Institutional Environment 51 52 50.3 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 40 40 88.4 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 86 86 66.7 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 79 77 44.5 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 85 80 65.6 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 78 79 42.0 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 84 79 40.5 Q3
Business Environment 88 78 59.0 Q3
Prerequisites 79 74 54.2 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 93 93 2.5 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 93 93 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 75 82 23.8 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 78 77 11.1 Q3
Applied Tariff 82 82 50.2 Q3
Trading Across Borders 87 88 61.2 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 89 90 25.0 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 45 39 12.8 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 93 93 6.4 Q4
Mean years of schooling 105 105 12.6 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 99 99 11.6 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 99 100 24.0 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 105 105 13.5 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 36 35 47.7 Q2
Total tax rate 41 41 35.9 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 97 94 45.5 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 87 88 61.2 Q4
Cost Components 79 75 47.6 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 98 98 24.5 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 92 92 15.4 Q4
International shipments 99 99 14.8 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 105 105 9.2 Q4
Tracking and tracing 106 106 5.4 Q4
Timeliness 106 106 9.8 Q4
Logistics Performance 104 104 13.2 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 89 88 2.7 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 87 85 4.2 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 80 80 45.7 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 77 72 32.4 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 87 86 21.3 Q4
Underlying Factors 99 99 24.1 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 88 78 1.2 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 101 101 1.1 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 66 64 22.5 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 73 72 8.3 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 95 93 40.2 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 100 94 8.4 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 68 68 24.2 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 95 95 29.0 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 97 95 20.5 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 96 95 16.9 Q4

GFCA Index 90 90 29.8 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
54.2
Development
75 51.0
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30 Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 28.6
29.8

0 24.0 24.1
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies
15.9 16.9

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Senegal Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4
Country Profile

Serbia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Serbia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 55.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 4.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 40.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.9
Population Persons (Millions) 6.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -2.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -5.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 12.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 47 56 87.5 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 56 46 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 82 88 58.3 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 19 21 78.7 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 69 62 76.9 Q3
RER Volatility 50 47 88.5 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 46 50 30.8 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 41 47 74.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 81 82 10.2 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 61 64 28.7 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 73 74 27.9 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 72 73 22.3 Q3
Voice and Accountability 52 55 55.5 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 46 49 67.9 Q2
Government Effectiveness 52 52 50.8 Q2
Regulatory Quality 55 56 50.2 Q3
Rule of Law 60 60 49.5 Q3
Control of Corruption 60 63 33.7 Q3
Institutional Environment 50 51 51.3 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 27 46 85.8 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 10 8 91.3 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 42 42 64.2 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 73 65 73.5 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 48 30 73.4 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 47 47 62.5 Q2
Business Environment 39 36 73.7 Q2
Prerequisites 51 54 61.4 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 64 62 8.9 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 79 78 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 34 34 63.6 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 31 30 23.5 Q2
Applied Tariff 79 79 53.2 Q3
Trading Across Borders 20 20 96.6 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 47 47 41.2 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 70 67 4.4 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 70 69 18.6 Q3
Mean years of schooling 36 36 76.9 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 52 51 49.1 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 52 52 72.9 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 57 56 44.4 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 46 47 41.0 Q2
Total tax rate 68 67 27.4 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 54 55 72.4 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 20 20 96.6 Q1
Cost Components 31 33 59.3 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 68 68 41.3 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 71 71 30.2 Q3
International shipments 55 55 46.6 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 71 71 33.8 Q3
Tracking and tracing 68 68 34.5 Q3
Timeliness 59 59 48.7 Q3
Logistics Performance 62 62 39.2 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 46 45 38.6 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 29 29 49.7 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 49 52 72.7 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 81 83 28.9 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 49 46 47.5 Q2
Underlying Factors 52 53 46.3 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 32 31 3.3 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 60 60 1.5 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 36 33 40.9 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 42 38 15.3 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 79 82 44.9 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 61 55 30.4 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 48 47 35.1 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
70 71 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 43 43 75.0 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 58 55 37.3 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 53 52 30.7 Q2

GFCA Index 51 50 46.3 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 60.1 61.4
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
46.1 46.3 45.5 46.3
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15

0 29.8 30.7
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Serbia Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3
Country Profile

Singapore
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Singapore
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 369.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 14.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.0
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.0
Population Persons (Millions) 5.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 61.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP 16.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 27.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 2.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 88 93 72.7 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 59 34 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 1 1 100.0 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 3 3 91.0 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 102 103 53.0 Q4
RER Volatility 94 109 1.0 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 39 39 35.4 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 48 101 64.7 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 6 6 92.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 28 25 59.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 29 28 54.1 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 18 14 68.4 Q1
Voice and Accountability 63 62 49.0 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 2 2 99.8 Q1
Government Effectiveness 1 1 100.0 Q1
Regulatory Quality 1 2 99.3 Q1
Rule of Law 10 9 95.4 Q1
Control of Corruption 6 6 97.4 Q1
Institutional Environment 9 9 90.1 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 3 3 97.7 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 7 5 94.1 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 14 14 80.8 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 14 16 91.9 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 3 3 92.8 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Business Environment 2 2 90.3 Q1
Prerequisites 6 10 79.6 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 14 13 59.8 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 44 42 2.3 Q2
Trade performance Index 32 32 67.4 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 2 2 86.3 Q1
Applied Tariff 1 1 100.0 Q1
Trading Across Borders 31 31 89.7 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 3 3 67.6 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 108 107 1.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 2 3 96.2 Q1
Mean years of schooling 32 32 79.5 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 26 24 59.9 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 7 8 96.8 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 7 6 66.7 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 61 60 36.2 Q3
Total tax rate 103 102 11.1 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 8 7 90.6 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 31 31 89.7 Q2
Cost Components 39 40 56.9 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 6 6 91.9 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 6 6 87.8 Q1
International shipments 15 15 78.3 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 3 3 91.3 Q1
Tracking and tracing 8 8 89.6 Q1
Timeliness 6 6 95.7 Q1
Logistics Performance 7 7 89.1 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 31 35 60.7 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 22 20 58.9 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 23 22 88.1 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 14 11 50.6 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 22 22 64.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 9 9 69.0 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 11 11 8.0 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 6 6 19.0 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 56 54 27.9 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 29 25 18.3 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 4 5 84.4 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 2 4 90.8 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 11 11 71.1 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
16 16 1.8 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 7 7 95.8 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 4 5 68.8 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 8 9 53.6 Q1

GFCA Index 7 7 68.2 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and
90 Development 81.1 79.6
Positive 75 Institutional
Externalities environment 68.7 69.0 68.8 68.2
60

45
Tech.
Business 54.1 53.6
Environment & 30 Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Natural
ions and IT
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components
Singapore East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4
Country Profile

Slovakia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Slovakia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 111.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 40.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.1
Population Persons (Millions) 5.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -1.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 24.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 5.9

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 69 30 93.7 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 19 13 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 59 61 64.1 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 39 37 74.3 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 56 51 79.3 Q2
RER Volatility 67 72 81.5 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 105 104 17.1 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 65 52 72.8 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 63 63 19.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 58 58 31.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 57 56 34.6 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 64 64 28.5 Q3
Voice and Accountability 29 29 78.4 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 23 21 83.2 Q1
Government Effectiveness 35 35 66.7 Q2
Regulatory Quality 34 34 69.1 Q2
Rule of Law 37 36 66.7 Q2
Control of Corruption 42 40 49.8 Q2
Institutional Environment 35 34 69.0 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 78 71 80.0 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 87 92 63.9 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 5 5 91.2 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 38 42 83.4 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 66 67 56.5 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 32 33 67.7 Q2
Business Environment 34 37 73.3 Q2
Prerequisites 40 40 66.2 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 37 37 23.2 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 63 63 1.5 Q3
Trade performance Index 30 31 67.4 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 7 6 47.9 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 20 19 54.1 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 85 85 1.9 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 36 37 41.7 Q2
Mean years of schooling 14 14 88.2 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 51 55 48.0 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 34 34 83.1 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 41 41 52.6 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 4 6 79.6 Q1
Total tax rate 23 23 41.0 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 36 39 78.3 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 5 5 74.7 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 48 48 48.8 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 44 44 45.9 Q2
International shipments 49 49 53.3 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 38 38 51.7 Q2
Tracking and tracing 60 60 42.9 Q3
Timeliness 74 74 39.4 Q3
Logistics Performance 50 50 47.0 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 37 36 60.0 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 58 59 23.1 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 28 37 80.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 29 31 44.0 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 38 37 51.8 Q2
Underlying Factors 32 34 56.0 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 50 53 1.9 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 54 54 1.7 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 34 31 42.4 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 39 36 15.4 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 45 55 53.9 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 35 42 37.4 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 30 28 46.0 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
67 65 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 43 43 75.0 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 36 37 42.7 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 36 37 34.5 Q2

GFCA Index 36 36 52.7 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 64.5 66.2
Development
75
Positive Institutional
60
56.0 56.0
Externalities environment
52.6 52.7
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 35.7 34.5

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Slovakia OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Slovenia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Slovenia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 56.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.9
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 39.7
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.8
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.9
Population Persons (Millions) 2.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 2.3
Current account balance Percent of GDP 4.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 4.5

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 83 71 84.3 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 33 25 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 11 15 78.4 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 27 24 77.6 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 85 81 70.5 Q3
RER Volatility 3 2 99.7 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 102 103 17.3 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 35 39 75.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 59 62 20.2 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 35 37 47.7 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 55 54 35.4 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 49 53 34.4 Q2
Voice and Accountability 25 26 80.6 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 17 18 86.1 Q1
Government Effectiveness 24 23 74.7 Q1
Regulatory Quality 39 37 64.4 Q2
Rule of Law 27 26 77.6 Q1
Control of Corruption 29 26 64.2 Q1
Institutional Environment 26 25 74.6 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 24 29 90.8 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 74 79 70.2 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 37 39 64.7 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 18 20 89.3 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 72 77 45.6 Q3
Protecting Investors 15 16 83.1 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 72 73 47.9 Q3
Business Environment 45 49 70.2 Q2
Prerequisites 34 34 68.3 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 30 29 28.5 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 80 80 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 28 30 68.7 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 15 13 38.8 Q1
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 22 22 53.6 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 90 89 1.7 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 33 30 44.3 Q2
Mean years of schooling 24 22 85.0 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 13 12 67.1 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 21 21 90.6 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 24 24 57.7 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 59 58 37.0 Q3
Total tax rate 82 81 21.5 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 29 34 81.3 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 29 30 60.0 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 22 22 73.5 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 29 29 56.2 Q2
International shipments 44 44 57.9 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 46 46 48.1 Q2
Tracking and tracing 37 37 54.9 Q2
Timeliness 36 36 65.9 Q2
Logistics Performance 33 33 59.4 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 28 28 63.9 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 23 26 56.7 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 37 39 79.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 58 54 38.2 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 28 28 59.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 29 28 58.1 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 61 64 1.4 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 85 84 1.2 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 53 52 28.6 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 61 60 10.4 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 66 68 49.5 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 27 25 53.4 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 33 40 41.0 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 81 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 33 33 82.0 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 32 32 45.4 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 38 36 34.9 Q2

GFCA Index 32 33 54.2 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional
67.2 68.3
Externalities 60 environment
58.0 58.1
45 54.0 54.2
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
35.3 34.9
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Slovenia OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

South Africa
-2020-

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
South Africa
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 369.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 35.9
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 5.2
Population Persons (Millions) 59.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -13.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 17.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 28.4

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 24 26 94.4 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 88 85 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 68 68 62.8 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 84 90 60.7 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 59 65 76.4 Q3
RER Volatility 41 15 95.4 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 53 51 30.7 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 45 48 74.3 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 10 11 84.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 57 54 36.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 34 35 51.4 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 26 26 57.2 Q1
Voice and Accountability 36 36 70.6 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 61 60 60.5 Q3
Government Effectiveness 45 44 55.2 Q2
Regulatory Quality 51 51 54.4 Q2
Rule of Law 50 56 53.2 Q3
Control of Corruption 46 46 43.4 Q2
Institutional Environment 46 46 56.2 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 82 84 75.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 61 66 73.4 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 73 72 46.2 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 77 77 69.1 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 10 11 85.5 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 75 68 51.5 Q3
Business Environment 59 63 65.9 Q3
Prerequisites 43 45 64.8 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 67 67 8.0 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 33 36 2.6 Q2
Trade performance Index 35 37 59.4 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 68 72 12.3 Q3
Applied Tariff 49 52 73.7 Q2
Trading Across Borders 89 90 60.0 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 54 56 36.0 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 41 35 14.6 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 56 56 27.1 Q3
Mean years of schooling 46 45 69.3 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 62 63 42.7 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 73 73 57.2 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 60 60 42.2 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 103 102 8.9 Q4
Total tax rate 88 86 19.7 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 34 38 79.0 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 89 90 60.0 Q4
Cost Components 92 96 41.9 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 32 32 64.0 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 34 34 53.3 Q2
International shipments 22 22 74.6 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 36 36 53.9 Q2
Tracking and tracing 33 33 61.1 Q2
Timeliness 33 33 68.2 Q2
Logistics Performance 31 31 62.5 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 81 80 5.1 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 69 74 10.6 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 71 73 56.3 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 8 6 55.1 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 66 69 31.8 Q3
Underlying Factors 58 61 42.9 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 34 35 3.0 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 35 36 2.9 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 49 48 30.9 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 54 52 12.3 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 22 16 67.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 44 49 31.9 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 54 53 30.9 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
20 21 1.5 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 57 57 68.2 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 40 46 39.9 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 45 49 31.6 Q2

GFCA Index 49 51 46.3 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and 63.4
64.8
75
Development
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 46.3 46.3
Tech. 43.2 42.9
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
32.3 31.6
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

South Africa Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4
Country Profile

Spain
-2020-

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Spain
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 1,440.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.8
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 41.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.0
Population Persons (Millions) 46.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 15.0
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 22.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 13.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 63 72 84.2 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 24 14 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 33 34 70.6 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 74 65 68.5 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 97 96 59.3 Q4
RER Volatility 101 100 52.2 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 89 89 19.8 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 101 98 65.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 17 17 74.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 2 2 90.8 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 3 4 93.8 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 2 2 86.3 Q1
Voice and Accountability 23 23 81.7 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 40 40 72.7 Q2
Government Effectiveness 23 26 72.5 Q1
Regulatory Quality 32 31 72.0 Q2
Rule of Law 29 29 76.0 Q2
Control of Corruption 33 33 56.6 Q2
Institutional Environment 29 30 71.9 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 51 59 82.8 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 50 56 76.0 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 38 43 64.1 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 39 43 83.2 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 28 24 75.9 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 20 22 76.1 Q1
Business Environment 30 32 74.1 Q2
Prerequisites 25 24 72.3 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 25 24 35.9 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 15 15 7.2 Q1
Trade performance Index 6 7 86.0 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 63 60 13.9 Q3
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 1 1 100.0 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 17 16 54.6 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 97 95 1.2 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 23 23 54.1 Q1
Mean years of schooling 50 50 66.1 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 10 10 70.2 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 23 22 89.3 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 29 30 56.2 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 9 11 71.9 Q1
Total tax rate 34 34 38.2 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 26 30 83.0 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Cost Components 8 9 73.3 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 17 17 81.5 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 19 19 79.0 Q1
International shipments 6 6 91.4 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 18 18 79.0 Q1
Tracking and tracing 19 19 79.1 Q1
Timeliness 20 20 83.5 Q1
Logistics Performance 17 17 82.2 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 21 21 70.3 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 12 11 70.5 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 21 25 85.9 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 62 58 37.2 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 21 18 66.0 Q1
Underlying Factors 14 14 66.5 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 7 5 15.3 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 13 14 9.4 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 13 15 59.3 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 9 8 28.0 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 16 15 68.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 38 35 43.2 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 23 23 50.7 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
32 33 1.2 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 17 17 90.8 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 25 25 50.8 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 18 18 44.0 Q1

GFCA Index 20 20 61.7 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
75
Development 70.7 72.3
Positive Institutional 66.3 66.5
Externalities 60 environment 61.2 61.7
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment 44.2 44.0
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Spain OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Sudan
-2020-

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© Copyright 2019 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Sudan
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 33.7


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change -1.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 16.9
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -10.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 62.1
Population Persons (Millions) 44.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -4.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP -12.5
Total investment Percent of GDP
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 21.0

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 104 104 52.5 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 105 104 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 104 103 49.1 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 97 98 55.8 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 107 108 19.4 Q4
RER Volatility 29 28 93.7 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 103 102 17.4 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 107 108 55.4 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 109 108 1.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 101 100 3.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 88 89 19.6 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 103 103 8.0 Q4
Voice and Accountability 109 109 1.0 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 106 106 20.1 Q4
Government Effectiveness 106 107 12.1 Q4
Regulatory Quality 108 108 13.4 Q4
Rule of Law 104 103 26.6 Q4
Control of Corruption 108 108 4.5 Q4
Institutional Environment 108 108 13.0 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 92 93 69.3 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 79 83 69.0 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 65 66 52.4 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 80 98 51.8 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 103 104 15.9 Q4
Protecting Investors 97 97 25.1 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 86 90 35.6 Q4
Business Environment 92 98 45.6 Q4
Prerequisites 106 106 35.2 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 85 87 3.6 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 62 62 1.5 Q3
Trade performance Index 100 99 14.5 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 109 108 1.4 Q4
Applied Tariff 102 101 38.2 Q4
Trading Across Borders 106 106 19.8 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 109 107 13.2 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 40 38 13.4 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 82 83 11.4 Q4
Mean years of schooling 101 101 17.8 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 106 106 3.0 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 102 102 23.4 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 102 104 13.8 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 52 52 39.0 Q2
Total tax rate 40 39 36.5 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 91 92 46.1 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 106 106 19.8 Q4
Cost Components 102 103 35.4 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 102 102 23.2 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 98 98 13.8 Q4
International shipments 85 85 26.2 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 81 81 25.6 Q3
Tracking and tracing 90 90 22.4 Q4
Timeliness 101 101 14.5 Q4
Logistics Performance 95 95 20.9 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 101 100 1.2 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 102 99 1.5 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 91 91 30.0 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 99 99 19.2 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 95 94 13.0 Q4
Underlying Factors 106 106 19.2 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 108 107 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 73 73 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 63 62 23.3 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 71 68 8.5 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 106 106 1.0 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 102 103 1.8 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 90 86 17.2 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
63 60 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 105 105 15.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 107 107 7.3 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 106 106 7.6 Q4

GFCA Index 106 106 19.0 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 35.1 35.2
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15 19.1 19.2 18.8 19.0
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

7.3 7.6
Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicati
Natural
ons and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics
Cost Components
Performance

Sudan Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4
Country Profile

Sweden
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Sweden
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 540.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 48.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.5
Population Persons (Millions) 10.4
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 14.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 2.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 26.5
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 6.7

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 66 58 87.4 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 51 43 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 22 25 73.0 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 8 14 79.8 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 40 32 83.9 Q2
RER Volatility 27 26 94.0 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 55 53 30.0 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 14 14 78.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 4 4 96.2 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 40 44 45.0 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 20 20 62.9 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 14 16 68.0 Q1
Voice and Accountability 2 2 96.9 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 15 13 87.2 Q1
Government Effectiveness 9 8 90.5 Q1
Regulatory Quality 8 7 91.7 Q1
Rule of Law 3 3 98.2 Q1
Control of Corruption 5 5 98.0 Q1
Institutional Environment 5 5 93.7 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 21 28 90.9 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 21 25 83.7 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 4 6 91.0 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 8 9 96.3 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 24 24 75.9 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 28 29 70.3 Q2
Business Environment 18 20 81.2 Q1
Prerequisites 5 5 81.9 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 7 6 70.3 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 23 23 3.6 Q1
Trade performance Index 8 9 84.4 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 45 40 19.7 Q2
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 16 16 98.1 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 6 6 60.1 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 81 79 2.3 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 11 11 62.1 Q1
Mean years of schooling 19 19 86.6 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 6 5 76.4 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 5 7 97.0 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 10 10 64.9 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 10 12 71.1 Q1
Total tax rate 24 25 40.4 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 23 27 83.6 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 16 16 98.1 Q1
Cost Components 7 8 73.3 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 2 2 98.3 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 3 3 94.7 Q1
International shipments 2 2 95.9 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 10 10 86.2 Q1
Tracking and tracing 17 17 80.9 Q1
Timeliness 7 7 94.0 Q1
Logistics Performance 2 2 91.7 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 9 9 86.0 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 31 32 41.0 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 6 13 92.2 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 39 41 41.6 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 14 21 65.2 Q1
Underlying Factors 5 5 71.0 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 40 43 2.6 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 19 20 5.5 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 22 22 50.9 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 20 21 19.7 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 12 13 71.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 5 1 100.0 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 3 2 87.3 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
34 34 1.2 Q2
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 5 5 96.6 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 6 4 71.2 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 7 7 55.8 Q1

GFICA Index 3 3 70.4 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFICA Index 90 Structure and 81.3 81.9
Development
75
Positive Institutional 71.4 71.0
Externalities environment
70.0 70.4
60

45
Tech.
Business 54.6 55.8
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Sweden OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison


GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Switzerland
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Switzerland
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 749.4


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 32.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 0.6
Population Persons (Millions) 8.6
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 73.8
Current account balance Percent of GDP 9.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 23.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 2.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 26 15 96.7 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 10 3 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 4 6 84.9 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 11 12 80.5 Q1
Average General government gross debt to GDP 42 39 83.0 Q2
RER Volatility 38 38 91.2 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 3 2 81.8 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 1 1 88.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 2 2 99.6 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 1 1 100.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 17 15 71.5 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 1 1 90.3 Q1
Voice and Accountability 4 5 96.4 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 3 3 94.5 Q1
Government Effectiveness 2 2 95.7 Q1
Regulatory Quality 6 6 92.7 Q1
Rule of Law 5 4 97.8 Q1
Control of Corruption 7 7 93.9 Q1
Institutional Environment 3 3 95.2 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 46 50 84.8 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 48 52 77.0 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 10 12 85.2 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 10 12 94.5 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 73 74 49.3 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 40 42 64.1 Q2
Business Environment 27 30 74.3 Q2
Prerequisites 1 1 86.1 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 2 2 97.2 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 22 22 4.0 Q1
Trade performance Index 49 50 43.0 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 22 22 28.6 Q1
Applied Tariff 38 38 80.3 Q2
Trading Across Borders 21 21 96.1 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 12 12 58.2 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 104 103 1.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 9 9 66.5 Q1
Mean years of schooling 2 2 94.5 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 29 29 59.2 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 2 2 98.5 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 14 14 63.9 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 62 61 36.0 Q3
Total tax rate 89 87 19.2 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 17 17 86.2 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 21 21 96.1 Q1
Cost Components 30 32 59.4 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 16 16 81.8 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 9 9 86.1 Q1
International shipments 20 20 74.9 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 11 11 85.8 Q1
Tracking and tracing 5 5 90.3 Q1
Timeliness 13 13 92.0 Q1
Logistics Performance 13 13 85.2 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 1 1 100.0 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 11 12 65.5 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 13 15 91.1 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 28 42 41.6 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 6 7 74.5 Q1
Underlying Factors 10 10 68.3 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 29 30 3.4 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 7 7 16.0 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 3 3 87.0 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 5 5 35.4 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 8 7 78.4 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 4 2 97.5 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 1 1 100.0 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
40 42 1.1 Q2
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 15 15 92.1 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 3 3 73.8 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 3 3 62.3 Q1

GFICA Index 2 2 72.7 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index 90 Structure and
Development
75 85.1 86.1
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
72.5 72.7
45
68.7 68.3
Tech. 62.1 62.3
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Switzerland OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Tanzania
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Tanzania
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 67.2


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.7
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 17.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -1.4
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 4.2
Population Persons (Millions) 58.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -2.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 38.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 6 18 95.7 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 89 82 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 74 74 61.7 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 44 52 70.4 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 27 28 84.4 Q1
RER Volatility 44 51 87.8 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 50 42 33.6 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 26 34 76.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 96 96 5.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 100 101 3.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 95 97 16.4 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 101 102 8.3 Q4
Voice and Accountability 66 68 44.4 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 70 72 54.1 Q3
Government Effectiveness 83 89 32.7 Q4
Regulatory Quality 81 85 37.0 Q4
Rule of Law 68 74 42.8 Q3
Control of Corruption 73 67 30.7 Q3
Institutional Environment 75 76 40.3 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 95 96 66.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 93 94 62.3 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 94 95 32.5 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 60 63 75.1 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 39 44 65.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 73 74 49.3 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 48 51 59.9 Q2
Business Environment 74 79 58.7 Q3
Prerequisites 77 79 52.7 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 99 99 1.7 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 73 72 1.3 Q3
Trade performance Index 84 74 26.4 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 94 98 5.7 Q4
Applied Tariff 69 68 61.7 Q3
Trading Across Borders 105 105 21.0 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 102 102 19.6 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 33 27 19.5 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 99 98 3.7 Q4
Mean years of schooling 90 90 36.2 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 105 105 4.1 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 95 96 26.1 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 99 100 17.9 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 63 62 35.7 Q3
Total tax rate 43 45 34.9 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 93 93 45.6 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 105 105 21.0 Q4
Cost Components 104 104 34.3 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 50 50 48.3 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 56 56 38.5 Q3
International shipments 54 54 47.1 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 51 51 42.6 Q2
Tracking and tracing 61 61 42.8 Q3
Timeliness 53 53 53.9 Q2
Logistics Performance 54 54 45.5 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 84 82 4.3 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 105 101 1.4 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 94 94 23.9 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 98 96 21.3 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 97 95 12.7 Q4
Underlying Factors 94 94 26.0 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 83 82 1.2 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 77 78 1.3 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 82 82 14.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 86 86 5.8 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 76 92 40.3 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 77 79 17.6 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 83 84 17.5 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
94 91 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 91 91 34.5 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 89 91 22.2 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 90 91 17.3 Q4

GFCA Index 86 89 30.5 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 51.9 52.7
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30 Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 30.7 30.5

0 25.8 26.0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies
18.5 17.3

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Tanzania Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4
Country Profile

Thailand
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

www.fdiattractiveness.com

© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Thailand
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 557.3


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 21.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.3
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 0.9
Population Persons (Millions) 68.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 30.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP 5.4
Total investment Percent of GDP 25.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 1.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 60 69 84.7 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 49 40 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 3 9 82.2 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 23 33 75.3 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 43 43 82.4 Q2
RER Volatility 20 24 94.2 Q1
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 19 20 43.2 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 7 9 80.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 20 20 69.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 27 27 57.9 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 6 9 81.3 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 12 12 69.5 Q1
Voice and Accountability 88 88 23.8 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 87 83 47.3 Q4
Government Effectiveness 44 43 56.3 Q2
Regulatory Quality 52 52 52.8 Q2
Rule of Law 55 53 53.8 Q2
Control of Corruption 64 64 32.8 Q3
Institutional Environment 68 66 44.5 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 31 33 89.9 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 47 27 82.8 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 48 50 60.9 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 6 6 98.7 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 3 3 92.8 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 26 27 70.8 Q1
Business Environment 19 21 80.9 Q1
Prerequisites 31 31 69.7 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 70 69 7.7 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 31 30 2.9 Q2
Trade performance Index 10 10 83.4 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 21 21 29.0 Q1
Applied Tariff 71 73 58.7 Q3
Trading Across Borders 41 43 84.8 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 41 40 44.4 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 57 58 5.9 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 69 68 18.9 Q3
Mean years of schooling 75 74 49.3 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 56 54 48.4 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 60 56 66.9 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 71 69 37.9 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 99 98 11.7 Q4
Total tax rate 86 85 20.0 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 45 49 75.1 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 41 43 84.8 Q2
Cost Components 70 72 47.9 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 34 34 62.7 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 38 38 51.4 Q2
International shipments 24 24 71.9 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 29 29 62.9 Q2
Tracking and tracing 31 31 63.5 Q2
Timeliness 27 27 71.6 Q1
Logistics Performance 30 30 64.0 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 56 54 29.2 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 78 79 8.0 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 74 74 55.5 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 4 3 63.4 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 59 61 39.0 Q3
Underlying Factors 51 51 46.6 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 27 28 3.5 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 26 27 3.9 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 50 48 30.9 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 50 49 12.8 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 27 27 64.5 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 54 53 31.2 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 39 37 41.9 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
19 19 1.6 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 59 59 67.3 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 44 40 41.3 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 48 43 32.7 Q2

GFCA Index 44 43 49.5 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 68.8 69.7
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30 Business 48.8 49.5
Environment &
Environment 46.4 46.6
Differentiation
15

0 31.9 32.7
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Thailand East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4
Country Profile

Togo
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Togo
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 6.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 5.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 26.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 0.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.0
Population Persons (Millions) 8.4
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -0.3
Current account balance Percent of GDP -5.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 30.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 5 13 96.9 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 55 21 100.0 Q1
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 88 81 60.2 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 76 47 72.8 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 87 86 68.7 Q4
RER Volatility 81 91 66.1 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 77 79 23.9 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 74 78 69.8 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 75 70 15.5 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 94 94 5.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 98 87 19.9 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 95 88 13.6 Q4
Voice and Accountability 79 78 34.6 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 69 77 50.6 Q3
Government Effectiveness 102 102 22.4 Q4
Regulatory Quality 94 92 32.3 Q4
Rule of Law 85 82 38.5 Q3
Control of Corruption 80 80 24.7 Q3
Institutional Environment 90 91 33.9 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 44 9 93.6 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 83 85 68.9 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 84 41 64.5 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 74 67 72.9 Q3
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 95 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 82 82 39.6 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 80 83 37.7 Q4
Business Environment 87 65 63.9 Q3
Prerequisites 90 85 51.3 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 107 106 1.3 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 108 108 1.0 Q4
Trade performance Index 69 67 33.6 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 43 49 18.5 Q2
Applied Tariff 89 88 48.0 Q4
Trading Across Borders 83 84 64.0 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 83 83 27.7 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 7 7 51.2 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 106 106 2.0 Q4
Mean years of schooling 96 96 27.8 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 78 78 35.0 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 100 101 23.9 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 86 84 28.0 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 39 39 46.7 Q2
Total tax rate 31 30 39.5 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 98 99 41.1 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 83 84 64.0 Q4
Cost Components 71 73 47.8 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 93 93 30.2 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 91 91 15.8 Q4
International shipments 92 92 22.9 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 99 99 15.1 Q4
Tracking and tracing 94 94 20.0 Q4
Timeliness 86 86 27.0 Q4
Logistics Performance 93 93 21.8 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 91 93 1.7 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 100 95 1.8 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 105 105 10.8 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 95 95 21.6 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 103 103 9.0 Q4
Underlying Factors 92 92 26.9 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 104 98 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 106 107 1.0 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 106 106 4.1 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 108 108 2.0 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 102 102 34.4 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 99 99 6.1 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 81 101 10.4 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
95 96 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 90 90 35.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 99 102 17.4 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 100 102 12.8 Q4

GFCA Index 96 96 28.3 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75 51.3
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 46.3

45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15
26.7 26.9 27.5 28.3
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

13.4 12.8
Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Togo Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4
Country Profile

Tunisia
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

www.fdiattractiveness.com

© Copyright 2019 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Tunisia
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 39.6


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 31.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 5.4
Population Persons (Millions) 11.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -3.7
Current account balance Percent of GDP -9.4
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force n/a

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 32 48 89.2 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 79 87 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 103 104 48.7 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 93 88 60.9 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 81 84 69.0 Q4
RER Volatility 75 70 82.2 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 74 77 24.8 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 89 92 67.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 72 72 14.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 76 76 19.2 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 49 48 38.4 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 69 69 23.8 Q3
Voice and Accountability 51 51 58.8 Q2
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 92 92 42.9 Q4
Government Effectiveness 66 64 44.6 Q3
Regulatory Quality 77 80 39.6 Q3
Rule of Law 52 52 54.1 Q2
Control of Corruption 51 50 40.3 Q2
Institutional Environment 62 61 46.7 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 45 12 92.9 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 24 26 83.0 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 67 65 52.4 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 41 48 82.4 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 65 71 50.5 Q3
Protecting Investors 48 51 63.8 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 57 60 54.2 Q3
Business Environment 57 55 68.4 Q2
Prerequisites 68 70 56.8 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 75 75 6.2 Q3
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 76 76 1.2 Q3
Trade performance Index 37 36 60.2 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 33 29 23.8 Q2
Applied Tariff 100 94 44.2 Q4
Trading Across Borders 58 59 74.9 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 61 61 35.1 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 51 50 8.0 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 63 63 23.1 Q3
Mean years of schooling 78 78 45.4 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 43 42 51.9 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 67 66 63.1 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 67 66 38.3 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 29 30 51.1 Q2
Total tax rate 13 11 52.5 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 79 66 65.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 58 59 74.9 Q3
Cost Components 33 27 61.1 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 88 88 32.6 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 104 104 10.5 Q4
International shipments 94 94 21.8 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 97 97 17.0 Q4
Tracking and tracing 65 65 37.7 Q3
Timeliness 64 64 44.0 Q3
Logistics Performance 85 85 27.3 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 68 63 19.7 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 67 64 19.8 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 56 65 63.2 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 42 39 41.9 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 63 64 36.1 Q3
Underlying Factors 64 64 39.6 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 72 67 1.4 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 67 70 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 32 28 43.2 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 41 37 15.3 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 87 82 44.9 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 89 92 10.4 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 59 54 29.6 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
55 54 1.0 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 62 62 63.7 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 70 67 29.9 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 67 66 25.5 Q3

GFCA Index 68 68 40.5 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90 54.9 56.8
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 38.7 39.6 39.5 40.5


Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15
25.1 25.5
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Tunisia Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4
Country Profile

Turkey
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Turkey
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 813.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 35.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 12.6
Population Persons (Millions) 84.0
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -7.2
Current account balance Percent of GDP -0.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 26.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 13.7

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 92 86 76.8 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 99 100 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 80 69 62.4 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 63 78 66.2 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 18 17 87.7 Q1
RER Volatility 107 104 40.0 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 57 58 29.4 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 100 97 66.1 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 50 50 25.4 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 38 40 46.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 8 7 82.9 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 33 32 51.6 Q2
Voice and Accountability 76 81 32.4 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 102 101 27.7 Q4
Government Effectiveness 54 57 48.9 Q3
Regulatory Quality 53 55 51.0 Q2
Rule of Law 61 62 47.4 Q3
Control of Corruption 54 58 36.6 Q3
Institutional Environment 70 75 40.7 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 47 48 85.2 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 40 41 79.2 Q2
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 22 19 78.6 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 48 33 84.7 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 19 19 80.7 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 17 20 77.0 Q1
Business Environment 20 22 80.1 Q1
Prerequisites 54 51 61.8 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 47 47 16.2 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 17 17 5.8 Q1
Trade performance Index 24 23 71.6 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 82 80 10.7 Q3
Applied Tariff 66 65 64.7 Q3
Trading Across Borders 30 30 91.7 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 45 42 43.5 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 86 84 1.9 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 29 27 46.2 Q1
Mean years of schooling 72 74 49.3 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 22 21 60.5 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 49 49 74.5 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 53 53 46.5 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 51 51 40.0 Q2
Total tax rate 54 48 33.3 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 53 21 85.1 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 30 30 91.7 Q2
Cost Components 34 24 62.5 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 53 53 45.9 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 31 31 54.2 Q2
International shipments 50 50 51.2 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 47 47 47.9 Q2
Tracking and tracing 39 39 53.5 Q2
Timeliness 42 42 62.7 Q2
Logistics Performance 43 43 52.6 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 48 47 35.7 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 57 53 24.5 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 55 54 70.3 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 82 81 29.5 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 60 57 40.0 Q3
Underlying Factors 48 45 49.0 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 21 22 4.7 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 30 32 3.2 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 4 99 8.7 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 8 91 5.5 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 48 44 57.9 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 63 60 25.9 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 50 54 29.6 Q2
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
22 20 1.5 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 47 47 74.4 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 52 53 37.9 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 37 58 28.2 Q3

GFCA Index 45 49 46.4 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index 90 Structure and
Development 61.8
75 59.9
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45 47.7 49.0 48.2


46.4
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15 35.6

0 28.2
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Turkey OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

United Arab Emirates

-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
United Arab Emirates
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 414.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 31.2
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.5
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.2
Population Persons (Millions) 11.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 29.5
Current account balance Percent of GDP 7.1
Total investment Percent of GDP 30.6
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 76 64 86.0 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 5 65 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 8 7 84.2 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 32 35 74.8 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 7 6 91.7 Q1
RER Volatility 106 108 30.9 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 59 55 29.6 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 75 65 71.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 36 36 41.5 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 25 24 59.7 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 37 50 37.6 Q2
Financial Structure and Development 34 35 46.3 Q2
Voice and Accountability 91 92 22.1 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 30 28 79.9 Q1
Government Effectiveness 17 17 81.2 Q1
Regulatory Quality 30 30 72.1 Q2
Rule of Law 34 31 72.2 Q2
Control of Corruption 23 22 72.3 Q1
Institutional Environment 37 36 66.6 Q2
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 14 10 93.1 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 4 3 96.1 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 7 7 91.0 Q1
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 1 1 100.0 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 28 31 70.3 Q2
Protecting Investors 15 11 85.5 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 9 10 84.8 Q1
Business Environment 3 3 88.7 Q1
Prerequisites 24 25 72.0 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 23 22 39.3 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 40 40 2.4 Q2
Trade performance Index 38 38 58.5 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 5 7 45.4 Q1
Applied Tariff 41 41 78.5 Q2
Trading Across Borders 62 60 74.4 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 31 31 49.7 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 13 18 37.1 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 12 12 61.9 Q1
Mean years of schooling 38 38 74.8 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 64 64 42.0 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 31 32 84.8 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 21 22 60.1 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 71 70 28.9 Q3
Total tax rate 105 105 5.8 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 2 26 83.6 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 62 60 74.4 Q3
Cost Components 56 71 48.2 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 15 15 81.9 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 10 10 86.1 Q1
International shipments 5 5 92.3 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 13 13 83.9 Q1
Tracking and tracing 13 13 84.5 Q1
Timeliness 4 4 98.4 Q1
Logistics Performance 11 11 87.8 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 27 24 68.0 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 32 31 41.5 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 8 4 98.8 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2 2 74.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 10 10 70.8 Q1
Underlying Factors 17 19 63.3 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 13 13 7.0 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 39 39 2.8 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 11 10 67.8 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 14 12 25.8 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 30 30 64.1 Q2
Business Sophistication Index 21 28 48.5 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 51 58 28.4 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
41 40 1.1 Q2
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 19 19 89.3 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 27 30 46.3 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 22 24 40.1 Q1

GFCA Index 23 24 59.1 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
70.7 72.0
75
Positive Institutional 64.0 63.3
Externalities 60 environment 59.7 59.1

45
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation 42.2
15 40.1

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

United Arab Emirates Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4
Country Profile

Uganda
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Uganda
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 33.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.2
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 25.8
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -6.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.8
Population Persons (Millions) 41.2
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -3.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -10.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 30.0
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 38 52 88.2 Q2
Average Inflation Rate 83 78 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 90 101 52.6 Q4
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 83 85 61.2 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 37 42 82.6 Q2
RER Volatility 77 76 80.7 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 51 48 31.4 Q2
Macroeconomic Stability 60 67 71.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 88 87 8.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 102 102 3.0 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 105 106 12.3 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 102 104 8.0 Q4
Voice and Accountability 77 77 34.7 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 77 76 51.0 Q3
Government Effectiveness 81 82 34.1 Q3
Regulatory Quality 68 69 44.3 Q3
Rule of Law 64 64 46.9 Q3
Control of Corruption 99 99 16.0 Q4
Institutional Environment 79 80 37.8 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 97 99 62.2 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 73 76 71.4 Q3
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 86 88 37.6 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 103 101 48.9 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 66 67 56.5 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 51 55 58.0 Q2
Business Environment 83 87 56.4 Q4
Prerequisites 86 88 49.7 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 106 107 1.3 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 89 89 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 73 75 26.0 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 87 88 7.8 Q4
Applied Tariff 78 76 56.4 Q3
Trading Across Borders 77 79 67.1 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 85 85 26.6 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 19 16 38.9 Q1
Labor Productivity Average Growth 103 103 2.9 Q4
Mean years of schooling 91 91 35.1 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 89 89 26.4 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 96 95 26.3 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 90 88 25.9 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 85 85 23.4 Q4
Total tax rate 77 78 24.3 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 57 59 69.9 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 77 79 67.1 Q3
Cost Components 81 83 46.2 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 65 65 41.8 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 97 97 14.2 Q4
International shipments 69 69 35.6 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 83 83 25.2 Q4
Tracking and tracing 96 96 18.5 Q4
Timeliness 85 85 28.0 Q4
Logistics Performance 86 86 27.2 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 106 104 1.0 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 97 96 1.7 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 95 95 22.6 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 102 102 13.2 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 101 102 9.6 Q4
Underlying Factors 91 91 27.1 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 92 87 1.1 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 89 88 1.2 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 91 90 12.5 Q4
Agglomeration Economies 93 93 4.9 Q4
Market Sophistication Index 81 60 52.1 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 59 68 21.7 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 93 91 15.6 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
90 92 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 88 88 36.1 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 86 82 25.3 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 87 87 19.2 Q4

GFCA Index 87 87 31.1 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
Positive Institutional 49.7
48.0
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
30 Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15 30.5 31.1
27.0 27.1
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies 18.8 19.2

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Uganda Africa Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Mauritius 48 47 47.0 Q2
South Africa 49 51 46.3 Q2
Botswana 70 71 38.6 Q3
Kenya 78 78 35.0 Q3
Ghana 79 79 34.3 Q3
Namibia 80 80 34.2 Q3
Cote d'Ivoire 88 83 33.0 Q4
Uganda 87 87 31.1 Q4
Tanzania 86 89 30.5 Q4
Senegal 90 90 29.8 Q4
Mali 91 91 29.7 Q4
Gabon 92 93 29.4 Q4
Nigeria 97 94 29.2 Q4
Burkina Faso 99 95 28.5 Q4
Togo 96 96 28.3 Q4
Benin 94 97 28.2 Q4
Mozambique 98 98 27.6 Q4
Cameroon 95 99 27.3 Q4
Angola 100 100 26.8 Q4
Madagascar 101 101 25.9 Q4
Ethiopia 103 102 24.8 Q4
Chad 108 108 14.6 Q4
Central African Republic 109 109 13.3 Q4
Country Profile

United Kingdom
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

www.fdiattractiveness.com

© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
United Kingdom
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 2,716.5


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 1.4
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 38.5
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 1.9
Population Persons (Millions) 67.3
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -99.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.7
Total investment Percent of GDP 16.2
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.8

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 37 5 98.4 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 43 41 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 78 73 61.8 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 51 48 71.8 Q2
Average General government gross debt to GDP 92 90 63.8 Q4
RER Volatility 63 63 84.0 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 82 82 21.7 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 71 61 71.6 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 1 1 100.0 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 9 8 75.1 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 21 21 62.1 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 8 8 79.1 Q1
Voice and Accountability 13 13 89.9 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 37 42 71.1 Q2
Government Effectiveness 13 16 82.0 Q1
Regulatory Quality 11 12 90.1 Q1
Rule of Law 13 13 91.7 Q1
Control of Corruption 10 11 90.3 Q1
Institutional Environment 12 14 85.9 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 8 11 92.9 Q1
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 17 19 86.1 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 33 31 70.0 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 7 8 96.9 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 6 7 90.3 Q1
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 24 25 72.2 Q1
Business Environment 13 12 83.4 Q1
Prerequisites 11 9 79.9 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 9 9 62.3 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 4 4 16.4 Q1
Trade performance Index 5 4 88.5 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 71 71 12.6 Q3
Applied Tariff 9 9 84.5 Q1
Trading Across Borders 24 24 93.8 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 7 8 59.7 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 83 81 2.0 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 24 24 51.4 Q1
Mean years of schooling 8 8 90.8 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 12 12 67.1 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 14 15 94.2 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 19 19 61.1 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 91 83 24.8 Q4
Total tax rate 85 83 21.1 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 19 22 84.6 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 24 24 93.8 Q1
Cost Components 45 44 56.1 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 11 11 87.4 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 8 8 86.6 Q1
International shipments 13 13 83.2 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 7 7 89.3 Q1
Tracking and tracing 4 4 90.8 Q1
Timeliness 5 5 96.2 Q1
Logistics Performance 9 9 88.9 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 10 10 85.4 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 8 9 80.2 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 9 8 95.1 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 56 56 38.1 Q3
Telecommunication and ICT 7 6 74.7 Q1
Underlying Factors 11 11 68.1 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 2 2 27.4 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 3 3 24.3 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 5 4 77.7 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 4 4 43.2 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 5 4 87.2 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 11 15 72.7 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 13 8 79.6 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
11 11 2.5 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 4 4 98.1 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 11 8 68.0 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 5 4 60.6 Q1

GFCA Index 6 4 70.1 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index 90 Structure and
Development 78.7 79.9
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment 68.1 68.1 69.1 70.1

45 60.6
Tech. 58.3
Business
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

United Kingdom OECD World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Ukraine
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Ukraine
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 161.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 3.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 40.0
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP 1.7
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 5.9
Population Persons (Millions) 41.7
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -5.6
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.5
Total investment Percent of GDP 19.8
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 8.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 105 100 63.6 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 107 105 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 62 65 63.2 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 55 60 69.7 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 83 75 73.7 Q3
RER Volatility 56 46 88.6 Q2
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 72 73 26.4 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 92 83 69.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 71 78 12.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 72 72 22.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 93 98 16.3 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 80 81 17.2 Q3
Voice and Accountability 59 58 52.5 Q3
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 103 102 24.6 Q4
Government Effectiveness 78 78 36.5 Q3
Regulatory Quality 80 75 42.1 Q3
Rule of Law 88 88 36.5 Q4
Control of Corruption 92 89 21.7 Q4
Institutional Environment 87 84 35.7 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 37 41 88.2 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 23 17 86.9 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 47 45 63.4 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 91 84 62.8 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 21 75.3 Q1
Protecting Investors 37 37 71.0 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 41 45 63.3 Q2
Business Environment 42 39 73.0 Q2
Prerequisites 76 72 54.9 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 87 83 3.7 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 60 60 1.5 Q3
Trade performance Index 61 56 39.1 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 23 24 24.8 Q1
Applied Tariff 48 51 74.1 Q2
Trading Across Borders 53 52 80.3 Q2
Market Access and Market Potential 53 52 37.3 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 44 44 11.8 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 81 78 12.0 Q3
Mean years of schooling 34 34 77.9 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 43 42 51.9 Q2
Human Development Index (HDI) value 65 64 64.8 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 58 57 43.7 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 16 14 67.9 Q1
Total tax rate 48 40 36.3 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 40 48 75.5 Q2
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 53 52 80.3 Q2
Cost Components 24 18 65.0 Q1
Customs efficiency and border clearance 77 77 37.1 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 93 93 15.3 Q4
International shipments 62 62 39.1 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 57 57 39.5 Q3
Tracking and tracing 49 49 48.2 Q2
Timeliness 54 54 52.9 Q2
Logistics Performance 63 63 38.7 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 54 56 28.3 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 48 51 25.0 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 67 68 61.5 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 27 38 42.0 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 56 60 39.2 Q3
Underlying Factors 54 54 44.8 Q2
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 48 48 2.2 Q2
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 58 58 1.6 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 17 16 57.0 Q1
Agglomeration Economies 21 18 20.3 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 71 70 49.2 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 43 43 35.9 Q2
Knowledge and technology outputs 27 27 46.9 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
27 27 1.3 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 63 63 62.6 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 45 48 39.1 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 41 40 33.5 Q2

GFCA Index 58 58 44.8 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFCA Index Structure and
54.9
Development
75 52.0
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment
44.2 44.8 43.8 44.8
45
Tech.
30
Business
Environment &
Differentiation
Environment 33.6 33.5
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Ukraine Europe and Central Asia World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Malta 29 29 55.2 Q2
Lithuania 33 31 54.6 Q2
Russia 37 37 51.9 Q2
Latvia 39 38 51.1 Q2
Bulgaria 38 39 50.7 Q2
Romania 43 45 48.7 Q2
Serbia 51 50 46.3 Q2
Kazakhstan 53 52 45.5 Q2
Ukraine 58 58 44.8 Q3
Azerbaijan 65 62 42.5 Q3
Country Profile

Uuguay
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Uruguay
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 62.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.3
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 33.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -0.2
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 7.2
Population Persons (Millions) 3.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -1.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP -3.0
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 8.1

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 43 75 84.1 Q3
Average Inflation Rate 93 89 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 41 44 67.5 Q2
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 65 64 68.8 Q3
Average General government gross debt to GDP 72 74 73.7 Q3
RER Volatility 82 85 75.0 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 4 4 72.9 Q1
Macroeconomic Stability 24 27 77.4 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 70 71 15.4 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 70 66 26.9 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 94 90 18.3 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 79 77 20.2 Q3
Voice and Accountability 19 17 85.6 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 9 8 89.0 Q1
Government Effectiveness 38 38 60.1 Q2
Regulatory Quality 44 40 62.3 Q2
Rule of Law 35 35 67.3 Q2
Control of Corruption 20 21 75.5 Q1
Institutional Environment 28 27 73.3 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 41 44 86.3 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 92 95 62.0 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 77 78 43.4 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 44 49 82.3 Q2
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 49 53 60.4 Q2
Protecting Investors 97 97 25.1 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 67 70 50.4 Q3
Business Environment 75 80 58.6 Q3
Prerequisites 46 48 63.1 Q2
Real Domestic Demand per capita 39 38 21.7 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 72 73 1.3 Q3
Trade performance Index 70 73 27.5 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 83 86 8.8 Q4
Applied Tariff 68 69 61.6 Q3
Trading Across Borders 91 91 58.8 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 75 77 29.9 Q3
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 65 59 5.7 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 55 55 28.5 Q2
Mean years of schooling 62 62 57.5 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 26 24 59.9 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 48 48 75.0 Q2
Human and Natural Resources 56 55 45.3 Q2
Labor tax and contributions 67 66 31.9 Q3
Total tax rate 47 49 32.8 Q2
Time to prepare and pay taxes 61 63 66.8 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 91 91 58.8 Q4
Cost Components 76 76 47.6 Q3
Customs efficiency and border clearance 74 74 38.1 Q3
Trade and transport infrastructure 82 82 23.7 Q3
International shipments 73 73 34.2 Q3
Logistics quality and competence 70 70 34.0 Q3
Tracking and tracing 70 70 34.1 Q3
Timeliness 84 84 28.3 Q4
Logistics Performance 78 78 32.1 Q3
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 34 32 61.4 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 26 25 56.7 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 50 47 74.2 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 11 10 51.0 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 29 27 60.8 Q1
Underlying Factors 60 59 43.1 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 72 76 1.3 Q3
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 66 67 1.4 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 60 58 24.8 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 65 64 9.2 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 90 81 45.2 Q3
Business Sophistication Index 84 67 22.5 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 58 60 27.4 Q3
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to
61 74 1.0 Q3
World Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 30 30 83.8 Q2
Technological environment and Differentiation 62 59 36.0 Q3
Agglomeration & Differentiation 64 61 27.9 Q3

GFICA Index 60 59 44.5 Q3

Key Driver Performance GFICA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90
GFICA Index Structure and
Development 61.9 63.1
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business 42.8 43.1 43.4 44.5
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15

Agglomeration
0
26.4 27.9
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunica
Natural
tions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFICA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Uruguay Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFICA
GFICA Index Index Rank GFICA Index Quartile
Rank 2019 2020 Value 2020 2020
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4
Country Profile

United States
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
United States
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 22,321.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.1
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 36.4
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -3.6
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 2.3
Population Persons (Millions) 331.1
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) -569.1
Current account balance Percent of GDP -2.6
Total investment Percent of GDP 21.1
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 3.5

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 29 4 98.5 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 39 37 100.0 Q2
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 61 62 63.9 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 90 92 59.9 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 101 102 55.9 Q4
RER Volatility 1 66 83.2 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 97 97 17.9 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 57 88 68.5 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 7 8 90.3 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 6 6 80.6 Q1
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 5 5 85.9 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 3 3 85.6 Q1
Voice and Accountability 20 20 82.4 Q1
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 34 36 74.6 Q2
Government Effectiveness 15 14 83.9 Q1
Regulatory Quality 16 16 85.9 Q1
Rule of Law 15 15 89.5 Q1
Control of Corruption 18 18 77.6 Q1
Institutional Environment 17 17 82.3 Q1
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 34 38 89.0 Q2
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 18 20 85.9 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 29 29 71.5 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 15 17 91.3 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 2 3 95.1 Q1
Protecting Investors 28 30 73.4 Q2
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 5 6 90.4 Q1
Business Environment 6 7 85.2 Q1
Prerequisites 9 11 79.4 Q1
Real Domestic Demand per capita 3 3 82.0 Q1
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 1 1 100.0 Q1
Trade performance Index 1 1 100.0 Q1
Trade to GDP ratio 104 105 3.3 Q4
Applied Tariff 46 49 75.0 Q2
Trading Across Borders 28 28 92.1 Q1
Market Access and Market Potential 1 1 75.4 Q1
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 82 82 2.0 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 7 7 72.6 Q1
Mean years of schooling 3 2 94.5 Q1
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 25 24 59.9 Q1
Human Development Index (HDI) value 13 13 94.3 Q1
Human and Natural Resources 11 11 64.7 Q1
Labor tax and contributions 93 92 20.8 Q4
Total tax rate 39 57 29.8 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 30 23 84.1 Q1
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 28 28 92.1 Q1
Cost Components 36 41 56.7 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 10 10 87.5 Q1
Trade and transport infrastructure 7 7 87.0 Q1
International shipments 23 23 74.5 Q1
Logistics quality and competence 16 16 82.0 Q1
Tracking and tracing 6 6 90.1 Q1
Timeliness 19 19 84.4 Q1
Logistics Performance 14 14 84.3 Q1
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 18 18 73.1 Q1
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 21 24 57.0 Q1
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 19 20 88.6 Q1
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 49 37 42.5 Q2
Telecommunication and ICT 20 19 65.3 Q1
Underlying Factors 8 8 69.3 Q1
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 1 1 100.0 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 1 1 100.0 Q1
Number of BITs Accumulated 44 41 35.5 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 1 1 78.5 Q1
Market Sophistication Index 1 1 100.0 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 7 7 88.5 Q1
Knowledge and technology outputs 6 4 84.2 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
2 2 43.1 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 11 11 95.2 Q1
Technological environment and Differentiation 1 1 82.2 Q1
Agglomeration & Differentiation 1 1 81.1 Q1

GFCA Index 1 1 75.9 Q1

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and 81.1
90
Development 79.6 79.4 79.2
Positive 75 Institutional
Externalities environment
60

45
75.6 75.9
Tech.
Business
Environment & 30 Environment
Differentiation
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
69.5 69.3
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

United States OECD World Average 2019 2020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United States 1 1 75.9 Q1
Switzerland 2 2 72.7 Q1
Sweden 3 3 70.4 Q1
United Kingdom 6 4 70.1 Q1
Germany 4 5 69.9 Q1
Netherlands 5 6 69.3 Q1
France 9 8 67.2 Q1
Denmark 10 9 67.1 Q1
Korea 11 11 66.4 Q1
Japan 12 12 66.0 Q1
Finland 13 13 65.7 Q1
Belgium 14 14 64.6 Q1
Austria 15 15 64.1 Q1
Canada 19 17 63.5 Q1
Norway 16 18 63.2 Q1
Australia 17 19 62.7 Q1
Spain 20 20 61.7 Q1
Ireland 21 21 61.4 Q1
New Zealand 22 22 60.5 Q1
Israel 24 23 59.5 Q1
Czech Republic 25 25 58.8 Q1
Italy 27 26 58.6 Q1
Estonia 26 27 58.2 Q1
Portugal 28 28 57.0 Q1
Hungary 31 30 54.9 Q2
Poland 30 32 54.5 Q2
Slovenia 32 33 54.2 Q2
Cyprus 34 34 53.9 Q2
Slovakia 36 36 52.7 Q2
Chile 40 40 50.6 Q2
Greece 41 41 50.5 Q2
Mexico 50 48 46.6 Q2
Turkey 45 49 46.4 Q2
Country Profile

Venezuela
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Venezuela
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 62.9


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change -10.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP n/a
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP n/a
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 500,000.0
Population Persons (Millions) 25.9
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.9
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.5
Total investment Percent of GDP n/a
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force n/a

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 107 108 2.3 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 109 109 1.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 18 12 80.5 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 109 109 1.0 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 82 100 57.0 Q4
RER Volatility 80 80 77.6 Q3
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 65 66 27.7 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 109 109 35.3 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 65 65 18.2 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 74 74 21.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 90 103 14.9 Q4
Financial Structure and Development 77 80 18.0 Q3
Voice and Accountability 96 99 17.4 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 94 94 38.9 Q4
Government Effectiveness 105 105 14.5 Q4
Regulatory Quality 109 109 1.0 Q4
Rule of Law 109 109 1.0 Q4
Control of Corruption 104 106 7.1 Q4
Institutional Environment 106 107 13.3 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 109 109 1.0 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 95 104 50.2 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 96 94 32.7 Q4
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 101 103 40.4 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 83 88 40.6 Q4
Protecting Investors 104 104 17.9 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 88 91 33.9 Q4
Business Environment 107 107 31.0 Q4
Prerequisites 108 109 26.0 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 38 46 16.7 Q2
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 26 32 2.8 Q2
Trade performance Index 99 97 15.6 Q4
Trade to GDP ratio 108 109 1.0 Q4
Applied Tariff 92 91 46.1 Q4
Trading Across Borders 108 108 1.0 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 105 106 13.9 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 24 108 1.0 Q4
Labor Productivity Average Growth 68 71 17.7 Q3
Mean years of schooling 44 44 70.1 Q2
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 66 67 38.5 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 62 66 63.1 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 55 68 38.1 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 60 58 37.0 Q3
Total tax rate 5 3 65.6 Q1
Time to prepare and pay taxes 109 109 1.0 Q4
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 108 108 1.0 Q4
Cost Components 109 109 26.2 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 108 108 9.5 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 105 105 10.4 Q4
International shipments 97 97 15.7 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 102 102 13.3 Q4
Tracking and tracing 99 99 13.4 Q4
Timeliness 103 103 12.8 Q4
Logistics Performance 105 105 12.5 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 62 62 20.2 Q3
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 38 37 33.0 Q2
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 47 51 72.7 Q2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 93 100 19.1 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 61 63 36.3 Q3
Underlying Factors 90 97 25.4 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 92 101 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 74 75 1.3 Q3
Number of BITs Accumulated 68 67 21.7 Q3
Agglomeration Economies 76 75 8.0 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 93 100 37.6 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 72 74 19.7 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 99 97 11.9 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
52 59 1.0 Q3
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 74 74 51.5 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 87 86 24.4 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 83 85 19.5 Q4

GFCA Index 102 104 23.9 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
90.0
Financial
GFCA Index Structure and 27.7 27.7
Development
75.0 26.0 25.4 25.3
Positive Institutional
60.0
23.9
Externalities environment

45.0
Tech. 19.5 19.5
30.0
Business
Environment &
Environment
Differentiation
15.0

0.0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Venezuela Latin America & Caribbean Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison 019 020

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2018 Rank 2019 Value 2019 2019
Argentina 57 55 45.1 Q2
Brazil 54 56 45.1 Q3
Uruguay 60 59 44.5 Q3
Colombia 59 60 44.0 Q3
Panama 63 64 41.9 Q3
Peru 62 65 41.6 Q3
Dominican Republic 72 72 38.0 Q3
Ecuador 73 74 36.8 Q3
Guatemala 77 76 35.8 Q3
Paraguay 76 77 35.5 Q3
Bolivia 82 81 33.6 Q3
Honduras 84 85 32.4 Q4
Nicaragua 81 86 31.9 Q4
Venezuela 102 104 23.9 Q4
Country Profile

Vietnam
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

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© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Vietnam
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 284.8


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 6.5
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 27.6
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -2.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 3.8
Population Persons (Millions) 96.4
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 5.4
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.9
Total investment Percent of GDP 26.3
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 2.2

Quartile
Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
FDI Country Attractiveness Index 2020
GDP Growth Volatility 4 10 97.6 Q1
Average Inflation Rate 46 58 100.0 Q3
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 24 26 72.6 Q1
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 85 83 62.4 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 66 64 76.6 Q3
RER Volatility 97 95 63.0 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 77 75 25.0 Q3
Macroeconomic Stability 78 66 71.0 Q3
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 49 53 24.2 Q2
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 87 88 8.4 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 23 23 56.9 Q1
Financial Structure and Development 58 62 29.8 Q3
Voice and Accountability 102 104 13.1 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 43 43 71.0 Q2
Government Effectiveness 58 58 48.1 Q3
Regulatory Quality 78 79 40.0 Q3
Rule of Law 56 51 54.4 Q2
Control of Corruption 70 71 29.8 Q3
Institutional Environment 71 69 42.7 Q3
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 61 69 80.4 Q3
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 19 21 85.0 Q1
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 44 48 63.2 Q2
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 21 22 88.3 Q1
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 18 13 80.2 Q1
Protecting Investors 70 72 54.1 Q3
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 45 49 60.6 Q2
Business Environment 36 38 73.1 Q2
Prerequisites 65 66 58.9 Q3
Real Domestic Demand per capita 86 85 3.7 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 45 45 2.2 Q2
Trade performance Index 46 42 54.1 Q2
Trade to GDP ratio 6 5 50.3 Q1
Applied Tariff 83 81 50.2 Q3
Trading Across Borders 66 68 71.1 Q3
Market Access and Market Potential 51 51 38.6 Q2
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 48 51 7.9 Q2
Labor Productivity Average Growth 92 91 6.9 Q4
Mean years of schooling 68 68 53.3 Q3
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 73 72 36.1 Q3
Human Development Index (HDI) value 78 78 54.8 Q3
Human and Natural Resources 79 79 31.8 Q3
Labor tax and contributions 32 33 49.1 Q2
Total tax rate 60 63 28.4 Q3
Time to prepare and pay taxes 77 67 65.4 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 66 68 71.1 Q3
Cost Components 55 51 53.5 Q2
Customs efficiency and border clearance 39 39 55.1 Q2
Trade and transport infrastructure 43 43 46.2 Q2
International shipments 46 46 56.2 Q2
Logistics quality and competence 30 30 62.4 Q2
Tracking and tracing 32 32 62.7 Q2
Timeliness 38 38 64.8 Q2
Logistics Performance 37 37 57.9 Q2
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 55 51 30.0 Q2
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 79 77 8.5 Q3
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 68 57 69.6 Q3
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 38 12 49.9 Q1
Telecommunication and ICT 65 59 39.5 Q3
Underlying Factors 61 56 44.3 Q3
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 18 20 4.9 Q1
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 40 40 2.8 Q2
Number of BITs Accumulated 26 46 31.7 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 26 46 13.1 Q2
Market Sophistication Index 31 25 65.1 Q1
Business Sophistication Index 57 59 26.8 Q3
Knowledge and technology outputs 34 26 48.3 Q1
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
25 25 1.4 Q1
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 67 67 59.6 Q3
Technological environment and Differentiation 47 43 40.3 Q2
Agglomeration & Differentiation 44 46 32.1 Q2

GFCA Index 55 53 45.4 Q2

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
90 Financial
GFCA Index Structure and
Development
75
58.9
Positive Institutional 56.9
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Business 42.8 44.3 44.4 45.4
Environment & 30
Environment
Differentiation
15
32.5 32.1
0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Telecommunicati Human and


ons and IT Natural Resources Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Logistics
Cost Components
Performance

Vietnam East Asia & Pacific World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
Singapore 7 7 68.2 Q1
Hong Kong 8 10 66.8 Q1
China 18 16 63.7 Q1
Malaysia 35 35 53.6 Q2
Thailand 44 43 49.5 Q2
Vietnam 55 53 45.4 Q2
Philippines 66 63 42.5 Q3
Indonesia 67 67 40.6 Q3
Cambodia 89 88 30.9 Q4
Country Profile

Yemen
-2020-

The 2018 Idex

www.fdiattractiveness.com

© Copyright 2020 · A Global Foreign Direct Investment Country Attractiveness Index – Ben Jelili Riadh
Yemen
Economic Indicators 2020

Gross domestic product, current prices U.S. dollars (Billions) 23.0


Gross domestic product, constant prices Percent change 2.0
General government total expenditure Percent of GDP 15.3
General government net lending/borrowing Percent of GDP -6.1
Inflation, average consumer prices Percent change 35.5
Population Persons (Millions) 32.5
Current account balance U.S. dollars (Billions) 0.3
Current account balance Percent of GDP 1.3
Total investment Percent of GDP 8.7
Unemployment rate Percent of total labor force 0.0

Quartile
FDI Country Attractiveness Index Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020
2020
GDP Growth Volatility 108 107 18.7 Q4
Average Inflation Rate 106 106 100.0 Q4
Average Current Account Balance Ratio 55 59 64.7 Q3
Average Fiscal Balance to GDP Ratio 99 96 57.0 Q4
Average General government gross debt to GDP 86 80 71.4 Q3
RER Volatility 98 93 64.3 Q4
Number of Exchange Rate Crisis 85 87 20.2 Q4
Macroeconomic Stability 108 107 56.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Depth and Financial Markets Depth 103 100 3.6 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Access and Financial Markets Access 104 104 2.8 Q4
Average Financila Institutions Efficiency and Financial Markets Efficiency 78 78 24.7 Q3
Financial Structure and Development 96 98 10.4 Q4
Voice and Accountability 107 108 4.6 Q4
Political Stability and Absence of Violence 109 109 1.0 Q4
Government Effectiveness 109 109 1.0 Q4
Regulatory Quality 106 107 15.1 Q4
Rule of Law 106 107 13.6 Q4
Control of Corruption 109 109 1.0 Q4
Institutional Environment 109 109 6.0 Q4
Starting a Business: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 105 92 69.5 Q4
Dealing with Construction Permits: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 109 109 1.0 Q4
Registering Property: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 61 61 54.6 Q3
Getting Electricity: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 109 109 1.0 Q4
Getting Credit: Average(Strength Legal Rights, Depth ceridt info) 108 108 1.0 Q4
Protecting Investors 102 102 20.3 Q4
Enforcing Contracts: Average(Nbr of Procedures, Time) 83 86 36.8 Q4
Business Environment 109 109 26.3 Q4
Prerequisites 109 108 28.2 Q4
Real Domestic Demand per capita 98 98 1.9 Q4
Volatility Real Domestic Demand per capita 87 87 1.1 Q4
Trade performance Index 81 79 24.0 Q3
Trade to GDP ratio 103 107 2.0 Q4
Applied Tariff 58 58 69.5 Q3
Trading Across Borders 109 108 1.0 Q4
Market Access and Market Potential 104 104 16.6 Q4
Total Natural Resources Rents to GDP 42 61 5.2 Q3
Labor Productivity Average Growth 97 99 3.6 Q4
Mean years of schooling 104 104 13.1 Q4
Expected Years of Schooling (of children) 100 101 9.6 Q4
Human Development Index (HDI) value 103 103 16.7 Q4
Human and Natural Resources 107 109 9.6 Q4
Labor tax and contributions 85 85 23.4 Q4
Total tax rate 93 92 16.9 Q4
Time to prepare and pay taxes 56 58 71.1 Q3
Score of Trading Across Borders, Average Distance to Frontier (DTF) 109 108 1.0 Q4
Cost Components 108 108 28.1 Q4
Customs efficiency and border clearance 86 86 33.6 Q4
Trade and transport infrastructure 103 103 11.2 Q4
International shipments 104 104 6.7 Q4
Logistics quality and competence 98 98 15.5 Q4
Tracking and tracing 103 103 7.7 Q4
Timeliness 107 107 5.4 Q4
Logistics Performance 103 103 13.3 Q4
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions 86 84 3.9 Q4
Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 81 107 1.0 Q4
Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 93 93 25.7 Q4
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 103 103 11.7 Q4
Telecommunication and ICT 96 100 10.6 Q4
Underlying Factors 109 109 15.6 Q4
Number of FDI Greenfield Projects from OECD Countries 104 107 1.0 Q4
Inward FDI stock share to World Inward FDI stock 103 103 1.0 Q4
Number of BITs Accumulated 53 52 28.6 Q2
Agglomeration Economies 62 61 10.2 Q3
Market Sophistication Index 98 95 39.5 Q4
Business Sophistication Index 109 109 1.0 Q4
Knowledge and technology outputs 109 109 1.0 Q4
Share Total patent applications (direct and PCT national phase entries) to World
86 90 1.0 Q4
Total Patent Applications
E-Government Index 107 107 12.3 Q4
Technological environment and Differentiation 104 104 11.0 Q4
Agglomeration & Differentiation 104 104 10.7 Q4

GFCA Index 107 107 17.7 Q4

Key Driver Performance GFCA (Index Value) Historical Evolution

Macroeconomic
Stability
Financial
90 28.2
GFCA Index Structure and
Development 25.8
75
Positive Institutional
Externalities 60 environment

45
Tech.
Environment & 30 Business
17.2 17.7
Environment 16.5
Differentiation 15.6
15

0
Agglomeration
Prerequisites 10.2 10.7
Economies

Market Access
Underlying
and Market
Factors
Potential

Human and
Telecommunicat
Natural
ions and IT Prerequisites Underlying Factors Positive Externalities GFCA Index
Resources
Logistics Cost
Performance Components

Yemen Arab Region World Average 2019 2020

Peer Group Performance Comparison

GFCA Index GFCA Index GFCA Index Quartile


Rank 2019 Rank 2020 Value 2020 2020
United Arab Emirates 23 24 59.1 Q1
Qatar 42 42 49.9 Q2
Saudi Arabia 46 44 48.8 Q2
Kuwait 47 46 48.1 Q2
Bahrain 52 54 45.4 Q2
Oman 56 57 44.9 Q3
Tunisia 68 68 40.5 Q3
Morocco 69 69 39.8 Q3
Jordan 71 70 38.8 Q3
Egypt 74 73 37.4 Q3
Lebanon 75 75 36.2 Q3
Algeria 83 84 32.5 Q4
Mauritania 104 103 24.7 Q4
Iraq 105 105 23.7 Q4
Sudan 106 106 19.0 Q4
Yemen 107 107 17.7 Q4

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