08 Side Pocket Mandrel

Gas Lift Valve Installation

Fishing
neck
lock bellows

Upper seal Injection gas enters

ports and acts
against the bellows
Port to unseat the ball
seal

Lower seal
Gas passes through
the check valve
Bottom latch which prevents
reverse flow to
annulus
Communication Equipment
Running GLV in Side Pocket Mandrel (1)

Kick-over tool to run gas

lift valve assembly

Side Pocket Mandrel

Communication Equipment
Running GLV in Side Pocket Mandrel (2)

GLV passing through (by-passing

mandrel)

Kick-over tool oriented and

tripped
Communication Equipment
Running GLV in Side Pocket Mandrel (3)

GLV latched in valve pocket

Kick-over tool retrieved

 9

Subsurface Safety Valves

Downhole Equipment

Eng. El Sayed Amer

 Page 7

Why a Sub-Surface Safety Valve (SSSV)?

Piper Alpha tragedy

• Piper Alpha was an oil production platform in
the North Sea.
• on 6 July 1988, killing 167 people.
• Catastrophic platform accident due to explosion
applications
in process facility and release of gas in pipeline.
• Almost all of the wells controlled below seabed
with SC-SSSVs!.
• Only well that burnt was being worked over –
no SSSV in place.
 Page 8

Why Sub-Surface Safety Valve (SSSV)?

Kuwait oil well fires

• Persian Gulf War. 1991
• The Kuwaiti oil fires were caused
by Iraqi military forces setting fire
to a reported 605 to 732 oil wells
applications
 Page 9

Kuwaiti
oil fires
 Page 10

Kuwaiti
oil fires
 Page 11

Kuwaiti
oil fires
 Page 12

Kuwaiti
oil fires
09 Subsurface Safety Valves Control Line

Operation
• shutdown valve installed at the upper SCSSV
wellbore for emergency shutdown to
protect the production tubing and
wellhead in case of overpressure. Tubing
• To preventapplications
uncontrolled release of Casing
hydrocarbons from the well if
something catastrophic occurs at
surface. Packer
Flapper Open Flapper Close
 15
Flapper type
SC-SSSV Tubing Retrievable type

Flapper open Flapper closed

 18

WELLHEAD
control panel
Control line connection to downhole safety
valve

• a 1/4″ inch stainless steel control

line is attached
• it may be necessary to keep as
applications
much as 4000 to 5000 psi on the
control line to keep the valve
open.
SCSSSV control line port at
tubing hanger
SCSSSV control line port at
tubing hanger
 SSSV

Application Tubing SV Annulus SV

Running W/L Retrievable Tub. Retrievable W/L Retrievable Tub. Retrievable

Sub-S Controlled Surface Controlled Surface Controlled

Means of Excess flow Pressure drop

Activation
Hydraulic Electric Hydraulic

Communication Annulus Control line Cable Wireless Control line

route

Open & Close Element Ball Flapper Poppet

09 Subsurface Safety Valves

Deploying and retrieving

1. Wireline retrievable (WLRSV)
• Deployed on a wireline running tool to be
installed in an appropriate landing nipple.
• Easy installation and removal by W/L.
• A significantapplications
restriction in flow path.

2. Tubing Retrievable (TRSV)

• integral part of tubing
• no restriction in flow path ID
• must pull tubing to repair.

TRSV WLRSV
09 Subsurface Safety Valves

Types
TR & WLR Safety Valve 25

Landing Nipple Top Sub

LOCK
MANDREL

Functional Sub-assembly

SAFETY
VALVE

Bottom Sub
Wireline and Tubing Retrievable Sub-Surface Safety Valve Criteria
WRSV Applications
General application: where intervention
by wireline is available
High pressure gas wells
Extreme hostile environments where
well fluids or temperatures tend to
shorten the life of component materials
High velocity wells with abrasive
production
TRSV Applications
General application: where larger flow
area is desired for the tubing size
High volume oil and gas wells
Subsea completions
Multiple zone completions where
several flow control devices are set
beneath the TRSV
Greater depth setting capabilities
 27
Flapper type
 28
Ball type
A steel ball with a vertical axial hole of the same ID as the valve, rotates
on its horizontal axis for closure. Rapidly being replaced by the flapper system
09 Subsurface Safety Valves

Recommended minimum setting depth

Offshore
• 50 meter below the deepest pile penetration
applications
Onshore
• 100 meter below ground level
09 Subsurface Safety Valves

Recommended minimum setting depth

• The average setting depth for surface-controlled subsurface safety valves is
approximately 500 feet.
• factors that contribute to this setting depth.
1. hydrate formation
applications
2. paraffins,
3. drilling kick-off points
4. government regulations.
 Casing Casing
Tubing valve control line Tubing valve control line

TR-SCSSV TR-SCSSV

Annulus valve control line Annulus valve control line

Tubing
Wireline Retrievable
Annulus Safety Valve Annulus Safety Valve
Concentric Tubing Anchor
Concentric tubing anchor

Pack-off tubing hanger Pack-off tubing hanger

Integral annulus safety valve Wire line retrievable annulus safety valve
Self-Equalizing SC-SSSV

33
 10

Production Tubing
Downhole Equipment

Eng. El Sayed Amer

10 Tubing

• Production tubing is installed to allow hydrocarbons to

flow from reservoir to the surface and protect the casing
from reservoir fluid.applications
• production tubing generally averages 28-32 feet in
length.
10 Tubing

Tubing is “typed” according to four criteria.

I. Size :
Refers to the outside diameter (in inches or millimeters) or the tube body itself.
Tubing is available in various external diameters. API recognized sizes for production
tubing vary from 3/4 inch to 4 1/2 inch.
II. Weight:
An average given in pounds/footapplications
of kilograms/meter. Tubing is available in various
weights for each particular size.
III. Grade:
Term used to describe the type of metal alloy of which the pipe is made. J-55, N-80, P-
105.
IV. Thread:
Design of the connection on either end of the pipe
10 Tubing

Tubing is “typed” according to four criteria.

I. Size:
applications
is the outside diameter of the pipe body. The most used sizes are:

2-⅜” , 2-⅞” , 3-½” and 4-½”.

Yield Strengths
YIELD STRENGTH ksi TYPICAL
HEAT
GRADE HARDNESS
Minimum Maximum TREATMENT*
(Rockwell)
J-55 (Tubing) 55 80 - -
K-55 (Casing) 55 80 - -
C-75 75 90 N&T, Q&T 14-26
L-80 80 95 Q&T 23 max.
N-80 80 110 N,N&T,Q&T 16-25
C-95 95 110 Q&T 18-25
P-105 (Tubing) 105 135 Q&T 25-32
P-110 (Casing) 110 140 Q&T 27-35
* Heat treatments as follows:
N = Normalised
N&T = Normalised and Tempered
Q&T = Quenched and Tempered.
10 Tubing

Tubing is “typed” according to four criteria.

II. Length:
Tubulars are manufactured in lengths termed joints
✓ range 1 : 20 to applications
24 feet;
✓ range 2 : 28 to 32 feet;
✓ range 3 : 32 to 48 feet
Pup joints or spacers are used for shorter lengths.

Tubing Ranges

Range 1 (feet) Range 2 (feet) Range 3 (feet)

20-24 28-32 38-42

10 Tubing

applications
 41
PUP JOINTS
Pup joints are short tubing joints that give flexibility in attaining
a desired tubing length