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ff 653 July 65
To THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES:
NATIONALAERONAUTICS
AND SPACEADMINISTRATION
WASHINGTON,
D. C. 20546
Cover: Astronaut White's historic walk in space. Prepared by
Alfred Jordan, Visual Aids Branch, Office of Administration,
NASA Headquarters.
JAMES E. WE_B
Administrator
Contents
Page
HIGHLIGHTS ......................................... 3
ACTIVITIES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS ............ 11
Chapter 1--Manned Space Flight ........................ 11
The Gemini Program ........................ 12
Gemini Program Objectives ............... 12
Specific Gemini Missions ................. 13
Second Gemini Unmanned Mission--
Gemini II ........................ 13
First Gemini Manned Flight--Gemini
III .............................. 15
Second Gemini Manned Flight--Gemini
IV ............................... 17
Development, Production, and Test ........ 24
Gemini Launch Vehicle ............... 24
Gemini Target Vehicle ............... 24
The Apollo Program ......................... 25
Specific Mission Objectives ............... 25
Apollo Management ..................... 27
Apollo Spacecraft Design Status ........... 27
Saturn Launch Vehicle Design Status ...... 29
Saturn I ............................ 29
Saturn IB .......................... 29
Space Medicine ......................... 32
Supporting Facilities ..................... 34
John F. Kennedy Space Center ........ 34
Manned Spacecraft Center ............ 35
Marshall Space Flight Center ......... 35
Michoud_ ........................... 37
Mississippi Test Facility .............. 37
Seal Beach .......................... 39
Sacramento Test Operations .......... 39
White Sands Test Facility ............ 39
Astronaut Activities ......................... 39
General Training ........................ 39
Specific _;oo;on m_°;.;_,,. 40
Design Participation ..................... 40
Scientist/Astronauts ..................... 40
V
VI CONTENTS
Page
APPENDIXES
page -
ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
Pale
TABLES
The second unmanned Gemini flight, January 19, showed that the
total space system was qualified for manned flight.
The Nation's first two-man mission, Gemini III, took place on March
23 ; the flight lasted 4 hours and 53 minutes.
The Gemini IV mission of June 3-7 (97 hours and 56 minutes) was
the Nation's longest manned flight to date. During this mission,
Astronaut Edward H. White II became the first American to carry out
extravehicular activities in space, spending 29 minutes outside the
spacecraft c_bin.
Two Saturn I launch vehicle test launches were conducted; the
eighth in the series took place on February 16 and the ninth on May 25.
On April 16, the five engine, 7.5 million-pound-thrust first stage of
the Saturn V was test-fired for the first time.
The crawler-transporter, which will carry the 350-foot Apollo Sa-
turn V space vehicle from the Vehicle Assembly Building to the launch
pad, made its first demonstration run on April 28.
The NASA Conference on International Participation in Biomed-
ical Experiments in Space was held at the Manned Spacecraft Center
on April 22-23, with 22 scientists representing 12 countries in
attendance.
Five scientist-astronauts were selected, increasing the strength of
the NASA astronaut force to 33.
207-820 0----66_2
4 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
was injected into the ionized sheath surrounding the spacecraft, and
. data indicated increased strength of signals concurrent with the
injection.
The X-15 aircraft was used for a number of investigations, including
studies of wing surface pressure distributions, skin friction, and
boundary layer noise.
Research on the supersonic transport indicated that the sonic boom
can be minimized by shaping the airplane to reduce the shape and
amplitude of the pressure wave. It was also found, in simulator
studies, that the SST could be given limited priority in the air lanes
without unduly affecting the air traffic control system.
Two bioinstruments being developed for research on man's response
to space were also being considered for medical applications. One is
a miniature radio transmitter ("radio pill") which can be swallowed or
implanted to broadcast physiological information; the other is an im-
plantable wireless transmitter which measures blood pressure directly
through the artery wall and reports data continuously for over a year.
NASA increased funding for and assumed financial and managerial
control of the 260-inch diameter motor portion of the national large
solid booster program. The first major firing in the program took
place in February with the successful testing of a 100-foot-long, 156-
inch diameter motor, with a "260-inch-motor-sized nozzle, which de-
livered over 3 million pounds of thrust in about 60 seconds of burn
time.
® • •
Under the NERVA project, the NRX-A3 power reactor was ex-
perimentally operated three times (April 23, 8 minutes; May 20, 18
minutes; May 28, 46 minutes).
The PHOEBUS 1-A reactor was run at full power and tempera-
ture for approximately 10.5 minutes (June 25).
NASA implemented plans for an orderly close-out of power con-
version system development (SNAP--8) ; the SNAP-8 Experimental
Reactor Test program was completed after over 8,800 hours of opera-
|ion at power and temperature required for a system output of 35
KWe.
In the field of nuclear electric power research and technology, three
principles (the Rankine turbo generator, the Brayton cycle inert gas
turbogenerator, and thermionic direct conversion) were lreing
investigated.
For possible electric propulsion system applications, studies were
continued on three types of thrustors--electrostatic, electrothermal,
and plasma. Data based on 2,500 hours of endurance testing of the
cesium autocathode electron bombardment ion engine indicated that
6 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
The Manned Space Flight Network was augmented with equipment "
necessary to support Gemini missions. Also, the Mission Control
Center (Manned Spacecraft Center) and the Control Center at God-
dard Space Flight Center were made ready for Gemini flights. The
Canberr_t station in Australia, part of the Deep Space Network, became
operational on Februal T 1, 1965.
The Deep Space Network supported three major flight missions
during the period--Ranger VIII, Ranger IX, and Mariner IV. (Dur-
ing the Ranger flights, the Network was simultaneously su.pporting
them and the Mariner IV.)
On June 30, the Network was tracking the Mariner spacecraft when
it was 120 million miles from Earth, and it was expected to track the
craft to more than 190 million miles away.
The Space Tracking and I)ata Acquisition Network (STADAN)
supported 41 satellite programs during the period, 13 of which were
launched since January 1, 1965.
The NASA Communications Network (NASCOM) was developed
as a reliable, efficient, unified ground communications network.
NASCOM provided the exacting flight control from the ground during
Astronaut White's "walk in space."
-7
4
MANNED
SPACE
FLIGHT
The overall aims of the Gemini program are to extend the capabili-
ties developed by the Mercury program and to provide a vital link
for the operating capability, the supporting teclmology, and the astro-
naut proficiency in space which are so vital to the Apollo program
MANNED SPACE FLIGHT 13
I
Figure 1-1. Gemini II launch, January 19, 1 9 6 5 .
MANNED SPACE FLIGHT 15
-- ~ --- .. __
Figure 1-3. Astronauts McDivitt and White in Gemini IV.
Figure 1-5. "I can sit out here and see the whole California coast . . ." (White).
~~
Figure 1-9. Hand-held propulsion unit used by astronaut for extravehicular activity.
activity was increasing for the Gemini V eight-day mission and Gemini
VI, the first rendezvous mission.
Development, Production, and Test
SpecificMission Obiectives
Apollo h4anagement
During the report period, continued effort was spent on refining the
Apollo organization and program management techniques. The prin-
cipal modifications were directed toward realigning responsibilities
for the functions of test launch and flight operations.
In the evolution toward operations by the Apollo organization, two
function changes were made on January 1, 1965. The first involved
the transfer of the Manned Spacecraft Center Florida Operations
organization from the Manned Spacecraft Center to the Kennedy
Space Center. This did not involve a change of location since the
personnel were already physically located at KSC. The second was
the establishment of a Mission Operations Director within the Office
of Manned Space Flight, reporting directly to the Associate Admin-
istrator for Manned Space Flight. Taken together, these two changes
have strengthened the organization responsible for the assembly,
checkout, and launch of the total Apollo space vehicle. They provide
a central organizational element with the overall operations responsi-
bility for all manned space flight programs.
The Apollo Program Office strengthened its technical capability
during the period by moving to expand the Systems Engineering Of-
rice. The Systems Engineering expansion was to be completed during
the next reporting period by the transfer of about 50 contract (Bell-
comm) employees to the Apollo office to work on general system engi-
neering tasks in support of Apollo.
Two boilerplate spacecraft tests were conducted during the period at'
White Sands, New Mexico. On May 19, a Little Joe I1 launch vehicle
went into a violent roll shortly after lift-off with the boilerplate Com-
mand Module. As a result, the Little Joe I1 distintegrated, causing
intiation of a Command Module abort. Despite the severe stress of
the unprogrammed abort, the Launch Escape System functioned per-
fectly and the Command Module landed without damage in an un-
expected but highly successful test of the abort system. T h e flight
was not rescheduled, since unattained mission objectives have been
incorporated in other scheduled flights at White Sands.
A pad abort, testing the Launch Escape System, was successfully
conducted on June 29. I n this test the Launch Escape System alone
pulled a boilerplate spacecraft away from the launch pad.
Design of the first Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) flight model
neared completion during the period. Most subsystems reached the
advanced development test ,stage, and two ground test modules were
delivered. One LE%€ground test model is used a t Marshall Space
MANNED SPACE FLIGHT 29
- . ..
Figure 1-11. Ninth Saturn I launch, M a y 25, 1965.
MANNED SPACE FLIGEFT 31
fired to develop a thrust of seven and one-half million pounds. On
June 11, the five engines were full-thrust fi,red for 91 seconds, with
'two engines gimbaled during the test. And on June 21, the one
thousandth test firing of an F-1 engine was conducted.
The testing of the Saturn V second stage also moved ahead during
the period. A five-engine ignition test of the battleship second stage
Figure 1-12. First test firing of Saturn V systems test first stage.
32 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
was held April 24, followed on May 7 by another firing for 10 seconds.
Full duration firings were planned early in the third quarter.
A si_o_ificant milestone in the development of launch equipment for
Satu.rn V was reached on April 28, when the crawler transporter
made its first demonstration run. The crawler, weighing 5.5 million
pounds and built to carry an additional 12 million pounds, will be
used to transport the 350-foot high Apollo Saturn V sp_e vehicle in
vertical position, assembled On its 445-foot high launch umbilical
tower, from the Vehicle Assembly Building to the Launch Complex
39 launch pad. The crawler is 131 feet long and 114 feet wide. For
its first demonstration, it traveled a half mile on the crawlerway, mov-
ing on its four double-tracked crawlers each 10 feet high and 40 feet
long. On June 22, the crawler moved a launch umbilical tower for
the first time in another demonstration. (Fig. 1-13.)
Space Medicine
.
I
_upporfing Facilities
207-820 0---66----4
36 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
ing of large launch vehicle stages and engines and to inanaging the
industrial firms producing and testing stages, engines, and
components.
A number of major facilities were completed and activated. These
included the static test stand for developmental testing of the Saturn
v booster stage, shown in fig. 1-14, the Saturn V ground support
and the second position of the dual-position first stage test stand,
as well as over-all security control facilities, roads, parking areas,
and utilities.
Seal Beach.--The Saturn V second stage is manufactured at a
government-owned, contractor-operated plant located at Seal Beach,
Calif. The only major facility still under construction was the
Vertical Checkout Facility, which proceeded according to schedule.
Sacramento Test Operation_.--Static testing of the Saturn IB
second stage and the Saturn V third stage (S-IVB) is conducted at
the Sacramento Test Operations Site. Construction of the two S-IVB
test stands was completed, and work was continuing on the checkout
test facility which will be used for center of gravity determinations
and post static checks.
White Sands Test Facility.--At White Sands, N. Mex., the facili-
ties for testing the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM) were nearing
completion. These include three propulsion test stands with altitude
simulation capability and supporting facilities. One test stand (with-
out the altitude capability) was activated in April. The other two
stands are undergoing final acceptance testing.
Astronaut Activities
General Training
Design Participation
Scientist/Astronauts
Apollo Applications
c n f t.
enth Semiannual Report, p. 64) and from the OSO-B flight qualified
prototype, has operated beyond design expectations to supply solar
scientists with data unavailable from earth-based observations. Its
eight advanced experiments represent a joint Government-university-
industry effort.
The stationary section carries two experiment packages--a scanning
spectrometer supplied by Harvard College Observatory and a pack-
age of three experiments from the Na;_al Research Laboratory. The
Harvard spectrometer experienced arcing problems and returned no
data. The Naval Research Laboratory instruments are an X-ray
burst counter to observe X-ray emission accompanying activity on the
sun's surface, a coronagraph to study the sun's corona, and a spectro-
heliograph to investigate the solar surface as viewed with ultraviolet
radiation. The X-ray counter returned valuable data for six weeks
and then suddenly stopped; the coronagraph also performed well
until its motor froze in position. Although the spectroheliograph
worked intermittently_ it provided several ultraviolet solar "maps."
Five experiments are mounted on the rotating wheel section. These
study sunlight scattered by interplanetary dust; detect high and low
energy gamma rays arriving from energetic reactions in space; carry
out ultraviolet astronomical spectroscopy; and measure the stability
of samples of materials being developed to coat spacecraft for passive
temperature control. All five experiments consistently returned
valuable data.
Explorer Satellites
Explorer XXVII.
I Figure 2-2.
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS IN SPACE 49
During March and April, NASA used the converted aircraft trans-
port U.S.N.S. Croatan to launch sounding rockets into the upper
atmosphere and ionosphere (which cannot be reached by land-based
American rockets) from the equatorial regions of the eastern Pacific
Ocean. About 45 scientific experiments were launched from this mo-
bile seagoing platform, and 26 smaller weather rockets were fired to
obtain meteorological data. Ten teams of experimenters participated
in ._tudies of the atmosphere, the ionosphere, and the earth's magnetic
field. These experiments should make a major contribution to _he
International Year of the Quiet Sun (1964-65).
search laboratory, from Hawaii into and along the path of the lunar
shadow. Flying at 38,000 feet, investigators made continuous obser-
vations of eclipse phenomena for nine and one-half minutes. NASA
also joined other Government agencies in supporting shipboard
launches of two balloons to an altitude of 100,000 feet to observe the
solar corona, terrestrial auroras and airglow, and zodiacal light in
space, o
During this report period, the Ranger spacecraft series, which sup-
plied scientists wtih thousands of photographs of the moon's surface,
was concluded. Work on its follow-up, the Surveyor lunar lander
continued, and plans were made for launching the Lunar Orbiter in
1966. Mariner IV also continued its flight toward Mars.
Ranger
miles of the intended aim point and 23 seconds of the predicted impact
time. Before crashing on the lunnr surface, the spacecraft transmitted
over 7,100 high-quality pictures, including portions of the highlands,
the Mare Tranquillitatis coastline, and the Mare surface near the
impact area. The last photograph taken before impact showed ob-
jects less than 30 inches in size. (Slightly IPSS than the resolution of
several of Ranger VII's 4,316 pictures; Twelfth Semiannual Report,
p. 55.)
207-820 0-66-5 I
52 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Surveyor
Surveyor A, the first of four engineering test spacecraft, was being
readied for launch. Surveyor is planned as a soft lunar lander instru:
mented spacecraft. It should increase scientific knowledge of the
moon by experimenting on its surface and also provide engineering
and topographic data to support manned lunar landings. The pri-
mary objective of ,the Surveyor A flight will be to test launch vehicle-
spacecraft-ground equipment through launch and midcourse trajec-
tory correction; the secondary objective will be to demonstrate suc-
cessful spacecraft operation from midcourse correction through
landing. The objectives of Surveyors B, C, and D will be progres-
sively expanded in order to be able to demonstrate the spacecraft's
ability to perform operational missions by the time the Surveyor D
tests are completed.
Factory tests of the prototype spacecraft were completed during
the period of this report. Included were vibration and solar-thermal-
vacuum testing followed by a successful Combined System Test with
the Atlas-Centaur launch vehicle. The prototype was undergoing
further tests at the launch site at Cape Kennedy to check out the com-
patability of equipment there. In early August, it will be shipped
to the Goldstone tracking station for compatability testing with the
Deep Space Network.
Assembly and initial testing of the first flight spacecraft were com-
pleted, and it was prepared for environmental, vibration, and solar-
thermal-vacuum testing. These tests were on schedule and shipment
to the launch site should be early in August.
Lunar Orbiter
were underway for the analysis of photographic data and the prepara-
tion of maps.
Mariner
Mariner IV, launched on November 28, 1964, completed the major
part of its journey enroute to flyby and photograph Mars. (Fig. 2-5.)
The spacecraft continuously transmitted data on the space environ-
ment as it set new records for long distance communication. Over
109 million miles from the earth in midJune, its overall condition
continued to be good, and the flyby is expected t o result in new knowl-
edge ef Mars. Television pictures and other data will be obtained
during the encounter-the T V pictures will be recorded for later
playback to earth. (As planned, the spacecraft flew by the planet,
providing excellent photographs of its surf ace and other information.
Details will be published in the Fourteenth 8emiunnmd Report.)
P'ioneer
Integration of scientific experiments fer the Pioneer prototype
spacecraft and its qualification tests were completed. Elements of
54 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS .
Voyager
Bioscience Programs
NASA prepared to launch the first of its Biosatellites in 1966. Ex-
periments performed by these orbiting biological laboratories involv-
ing various plants, animals, and other life forms are expected to pin-
point space hazards for astronauts during prolonged flights. Bio-
scientists also considered experiments to 'be carried aboard spacecraft
exploring Mars in 1973. Astronauts Grissom and Young during their
March flight activated two basic biological experimen[s, initiating a
program of using space as a laboratory for such research.
Exobiology
The National Academy of Sciences--National Research Council
through its Space ,Science Board recently concluded in a summary
report on Biology and the Exploration of Mars that '_the search for life
beyond earth is a scientific undertaking of the greatest validity and
significance and its importance and consequences for biology justify
the highest priority among all objectives in the space program." This
report of the 1965 summer study group of the Board chaired by Dr.
Colin Pittendrigh of Princeton University, recommended Martian
exploration designed to find out if the origin of living matter is prob-
able in the evolution of all planets whose history resembles ours. The
exploration program would seek to determine the physical and chemi-
cal conditions of the Martian surface as a potential environment for
life; determine whether or not life is or has been present on Mars;
characterize that life, if it is present; and investigate the pattern of
chemical evolution in the absence of life. The summer study group
was unanimous in recommending that immediate steps be taken to
exploit the particularly favorable opportunities for Martian explora-
tion between 1969 and 1973, emphasizing that the first landing mission
be scheduled no later than 1973--by 1971_ if possible.
Some members of the group joined industry and NASA representa-
tives in forming an ad hoc bioscience working group to generate bio-
logical experimental payloads for Martian exploration in 1973. The
group concluded that life on the planet could not be detected from an
orbiting spacecraft and that biolo_cal exploration should be primarily
by landing missions. They recommended an evolutionary approach
to develop mission payloads beginning with smaller systems having
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS IN SPACE 57
Planetary Quarantine
Biosatellites
frog and sea urchin eggs, rats, and primates. Of 14 experiments se-
lected to orbit for three days, seven will be used to study the effects
of weightlessness combined with a known radiation source. Human
cells in culture, plants, and ruts will be flown for 21 days to determine
the effects of weightlessness and removal from earth’s 24-hour rota-
tional influence. A pigtail monkey will be in orbit for 30 days with
deeply implanted brain probes to determine the effects of weightless-
ness on its behavior, its response to imposed tasks, and its reaction
during sleep-u-akefulness cycles. The monkey will also have cath-
eters implanted in the cardiovascular system to g m g e the effects of
weightlessness on its heart and circulatory functions. Another phase
of this experiment is to determine whether weightlessness causes a
c:dcium loss in the bones like that foiind, in ground-based studies, to
result from complete immobility such as bed rest.
The Biosatellite investigations should help spell out the flight haz-
ards for astronauts and set up methods for more detailed investiga-
tions of such hazards if they should be encountered during the
weightlessness of long-duration manned missions. The experiments
will measure the effects of prolonged flights on the cardiovascular SYS-
tem, determine any losses of muscle tone, physical capability, and
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS IN SPACE 61
Environmental Biology
Behavioral Biology
fication of the Arcus vehicle were finished, and the completed system
\\-as successfully flight-tested.
Physical Biology
Various diets and nutritional needs of astronauts were under
study. Weight, space, and engineering problems of extended flights
require that nutrition be adequate (but minimal) so as not to impair
the capacity of astronauts to perform. Most important in establishing
this minimal diet are protein and energy requirements. I n the initial
phase of one experiment, four human volunteers were subjected to a
controlled diet for 60 days to determine their minimal protein and
mloric needs. The subjects maintained their weight and showed no
gross physiological deficiencits.
The electron microscope mas used to examine meteoritic material as
a step toward analyzing specimens brought back from the moon to find
out if organic matter is present. A new electrostatic multielectrode
superconducting lens incorporated into this microscope provides better
resolution and demonstrates exceptional stability over rz period of four
to eight. hours.
M a n n e d Space Science
The overall success of the first two manned Gemini flights provided
the manned space science program with its first returns from space,
64 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
* g %?d=**p+&
Figure 2-1 1. Experimental package for pocket mice during space flights.
demonstrating for scientists the significant role which man will play
in space investigation and exploration. The consequent increasing in-
terest shown by the scientific community stimulated the planning m d
development of forthcoming missions.
Gemini Earth-Orbital Investigntiorw-When Astronauts Grissom
and Young activated two basic biological experiments during their
flight in March they became working partners with bioscientists in-
vestigqting the effects of weightlessness and radiation on basic biologi-
cal cell processes. Supplementing biomedical studies being conducted
on the astronauts-as well as forthcoming Biosatellite investigations-
the experiments are a significant milestone in the program of using
space as a laboratory for basic biological research.
During the second manned Gemini fiight in June, Astronaut White
took over 100 unusually high quality synoptic photographs (fig. 2-13).
The piotures, taken during his spnce walk, were being interpreted by
SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS I N SPACE 65
Figure 2-1 3. North end of Gulf of California and mouth of Colorado River photographed
from Gemini spacecraft.
Delta
207-820 0--66------6
68 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Agena
Atlas-Centaur
\
SATELLITE
APPLICATIONS
Meteorological Programs
TIROS
Nimbus
-mercial aircraft and a ground station. A direct link between the air-
craft and the satellite was achieved by using the satellite's telemetering
hnd command system to receive communications signals from and
transmit them to the aircraft.
The Syncom satellites have established experimental communica-
tions links between Defense Department ground stations in the con-
tinental U.S. and in Viet Nam, Ethiopia, the Philippine Islands, and
Hawaii. In addition, they supply data on the drift behavior of satel-
lites in synchronous orbits and the lifetime of satellite components in
the space environment.
Navigation Satellites
Scientific and other experiments for the first two flights of the
-\pplications Technology Satellites (ATS) project mere selected, in-
cluding communications using multiple-access techniques, high-gain
antenna pointing, gravity gradient stabilization, meteorology, and
communications with aircraft in flight via satellite.
For the first flight-planned for late l!)bb-the satellite will be
spin-stabilized a t geostationary nltitude. The second-planned for
1067--\~ill be an experiment in gravity gradient stabilization at a
6,000-mile altitude. Tlie remaining flights will be a spin-stabilized
flight in 1067 and two earth-oriented gravity gradient-stabilized
flights in 1068.
RESEARCH
AND
TECHNOLOGY
Thermionics
Batteries
207-820 0_66-----7
_4 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Fuel Cells
Acoustics
Figure 4-4. (Above) The M-2; (Below) NASA research pilot Milton Thompson in M-2.
ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 89
SCISSORS LINKAGE
DETECTCN FRAUE
Figure 4-6. Folded (L) and unfolded (R) Pegasus detector panels.
High-Vacuum Technology
The oil diffusion pump is the type of pumping system generally used
to evacuate vacuum chambers, but pump oil can contaminate the cham-
ber and its experiment. In research on this problem, an efficient
method of collection, measurement, and analysis of oil deposit was
developed, and a slow start-up of certain pumps was found to help
reduce contamination.
Structural Mechanics
On May 22_ the second and last experiment in Project FIRE was
flown on an Atlas D rocket. All systems involved in the experiment
functioned well and excellent experimental data were obtained. The
190-pound blunt, conical (Apollo-shaped) spacecraft reentered the
atmosphere at a speed of 37,252 feet per second (slightly higher than
lunar return velocities). The primary purpose of the flight was to
ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 93
roeasure the heat load on the spacecraft radiated from the hot gas
cap, an important part of the total heating at such entry velocities.
Measurements achieved in this flightwill supplement data from the
firstflightand will be used in conjunction with continuing ground-
based researchto develop theory for predicting spacecraft heating.
Instrumentation
Data Processing
Aeronautics Research
Aircraft Aerodynamics
and minimizing supersonic wave drag and drag due to lift were adapted
for use on high-speed digital computers, making it possible to devise
advanced supersonic configurations with flight efficiencies approaching
tlmse of the best subsonic aircraft. Stability and control research in-
dicated that supersonic flight at high altitudes probably will require
damping augmentation devices for acceptable longitudinal and lateral-
directional handling qualities • 1....... ..1^.:....|.1..1
antt ....
Illltb a_ ;n .ngla
tlllt_lt;;_ .............. _ ......... Of
Aircraft Structures
Figure 4-9. X-15 research tools: (1) Pressure sensing rakes; (2) holes to measure
surface pressures; (3) pressure probe for pilot's airspeed indicator.
The use of “on/off” control for VTOL airplane operation has been
proposed as a means of reducing control power requirements. T o de-
termine the feasibility of such a control, 5 pilots conducted flight
tests with the Langley variable-stability helicopter (fig. 4-11), per-
forming such VTOL tasks as precision hovering, longitudinal and
lateral quick starts and stops, S-turn maneuvers during landing ap-
proaches, and vertical landings to touchdown. Significant control
power reductions in both pitch and roll were made possible by the
“on/off” control technique. The aircraft was reasonably manageable
with zero damping, but the addition of a small amount of damping
resulted in the best ratings. The effect of trim changes and static
stability was also investigated. It was found that an out-of-trim
condition of up to 25 percent of the control power was not very ob-
jectionable in itself, but that the control asymmetry it produced was
R problem during maneuvering flight. Static stability was found to
be a problem to the extent that it limited the linear velocities which
could be achieved.
I n general, the pilots quickly adapted to the on/off control and
were not particularly aware that it WLS different from the conventional
control. The benefits obtained from the on/off control seem to be
ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 103
104 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
- 1
related largely to the fact that it effectively provided a high sensitivity .
without causing the “touchiness” usually associated with high sensi-
tivities. The use of a small deadband (the area over which no accel- ‘
eration is produced by control-stick movement) served to prevent in-
advertent control-stick motions from affecting the aircraft yet still
put the full controi capability a t the pilot’s finger tips.
One design concept proposed for jet V/STOL transport aircraft
utilizes several lift-jet engines mounted in a wing tip pod I n an in-
vestigation of such installations, a generalized wing-pod configuration
was tested in the Ames 40-by 80-foot wind tunnel (fig. 4-12). The
pod contained five jet engines, mounted in line and tilted 10” forward
of the vertical, which were operated through flight speeds from 0 to
150 knots. Several inlets were tested, including a basic bell mouth
type, and various scoop types. The simple bell mouth inlet provided
low distortion at the compressor face and also was the least sensitive
to angle of attack and sideslip. A t high angles of attack or sideslip,
some of the scoop-type inlets produced flow distortion at the com-
pressor face above that specified as allowable for the engines. The
for all frequencies. The larger difference a t the 3-mile point in-
dicates that further research is needed to ascertain the effects of air-
plane attitude, source size, and airplane motion on the noise produced.
I n the tests, the XB-70 take-off was made with all six engines at
maximum afterburner thrust, but the programed rate of climb was
rather low. The 707 takeoff was typical of a current subsonic jet
transport from a commercial airport. The SST will have different
engines and higher climb profiles with noise levels lower than those
of the XB-70 as a consequence.
ents, and the M'SC continued development of a hard metal suit. The -
most recent model of the rigid suit was being evaluated at the MSC.
The Ames Research Center integrated-space-suit-restraint system"
was delivered and evaluation started. Shirt-sleeve clothing compati-
ble with existing waste disposal systems was investigated under con-
tract and will be evaluated in the Langley life support system test.
And the Langley Research Center completed the study of a personnel
locomotion device capable of providing man with an emergency escape
from the lunar surface or of serving as a method of moving on the
lunar surface for one or two men.
Human Research
Man-Systems Integration
Liquid Propulsion
.-
E
&I
6
ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 113
hydrogen pump fed engines. Also a new project was initiated to study .
engine problems associated with fluorine/hydrogen operation in the
low-chamber-pressure operation typical of pressure fed system appli-.
cations. This information will be useful in producing realistic vehicle
performance calculations.
The FLeX/liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fuels were examined
for application in the low chamber pressure operating regime. This
class of propellant combination has several advantages • inherent space
storability (LPG and FLOX can be stored in space at the same tem-
perature), high performance, and good bulk density. Sea level tests
indicated that good engine performance is attainable, and cooling
predications were verified.
Propulsion system components for advanced earth-storable systems
are being evaluated as part of the JPL Advanced Liquid Propulsion
System (ALPS) program. A liquid regulator for controlling the
flow of a liquid monopropellant into a gas generation system for pro-
pellant tank pressurization was demonstrated, advanced explosive
valve designs were incorporated in operational systems such as the
Ranger midcourse correction system, and a free standing pyrolytic
graphite radiation-cooled thrust chamber was fired for an extended
period. Work continued on the development of impermeable positive
expulsion propellant tank bladders capable of multicycle operation,
and high performance injector/radiation cooled thrust chamber com-
binations with a variable thrust capability.
Au_liary Propulsion.--A prototype design was selected for the
extended life auxiliary bipropellant engine, which could be used for
attitude control in long duration earth-orbital and lunar missions.
A program to provide design criteria and prototype flight demonstra-
tion of hydrazine monopropellant auxiliary propulsion devices was
initiated, and steps were taken to upgrade auxiliary propulsion sys-
tems with the award of a contract to design and demonstrate a proto-
type auxiliary propulsion system utilizing the cryogenic propellant
combination oxygen and hydrogen.
Basic Research
Fluid Physics
Studies of the ultraviolet contribution to reentry heating indicated
very significant heat contri.butions to the radiation at the shorter wave
lengths. Preliminary data from a program to investigate the total
and spectral radiation from air at wave len_hs below 0.2 microns
appear to confirm theoretical predictions of a large ultraviolet radia-
tion contribution to entry heating. Further research was planned
because of the significance of such information to the design of space-
craft heat protection systems.
ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 115
Applied Mathematics
Materials Research
207-820 0--fo6--9
116 NASATHIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Electrophysics
PROPULSION
AND
POWER
GENERATION
I)uring the first half of 1965, the industry contractor team con-
ducted three significant experiments using the NRX-A3 power
reactor. (Fig. 5-1.)
The first NRX-A3 experiment was completed on April 23. In
the experiment, the reactor was started and operated for about
_;_1.+ mi.'.ut_; appro-_h_.,toly .2 5 minutes of this duration was at
full design power. The test was cut short when a spurious signal in
a pump control circuit halted the liquid hydrogen flow and scrammed
the reactor.
The second test of the NRX-A3 reactor was not initiated until
May '20. The time between experiments was used to examine the test
data from the April 23 run and to conduct integrity and leak checks
of the test system {o tlet_tliill,_ :--_
-] :f" '-'"**'"_'n"_"_" 1,-
....... d,,,. ..........1foil............fr,_m t ho,
abnormal flow shutdown and reactor scram.
In the May 20 experiment, the reactor was operated for a total
test duration of about 18 minutes, of which approximately 13 minutes
120 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT "0 CONGRESS
The largest refractory alloy boiling alkali metal heat transfer fa-
cility in existence began test operation at NASA's Lewis Research
Center in April. The facility is capable of operation with a maximum
heat, input of 500 thermal kilowatts at boiling temperatures, up to
2100" F. Activation of this facility made it possible to begin obtain-
ing a large amount of materials data from a number of NASA con-
tractor programs. Based upon the results of extensive corrosion, creep
stlength, and welding programs, FS-85 (a niobium alloy) and T-111
and T-222 (tantalum alloys) were selected as possible container alloys
for high temperature alkali metal working fluids. I n addition, creep
strength data at high temperatures (2,000 and 4,000 hour tests) have
indicated that TZC (a molybdenum alloy) and CR-132M ( a niobium
alloy) appear attractive for vapor turbine applications.
Through further studies, NASA obtained additional electrical, mng-
netic, and physical data 011 insulators, conductors, and magnetic ma-
terials. I n addition, advanced materials (such as a high creep strengt11
beryllium oxide dispersion strengthened copper conductor) were
developed.
A high temperature waste h i t radiator coating, c:dcium titanate,
recently completed :L 7,000-hour test at 1350" F. During the test, the
coating maintained its emittance at a value of 0.9. High emittance is
important for efficient operation of space radiators.
NUCLEAR PROPULSION AND POWER GENERATION 127
207-820 0--66---10
!
i TRACKING
i
i AND
t
',DATA
ACQUISITION
"one, but a target vehicle as well. During the future rendezvous mis-
sions dual tracking will therefore be required.
In the Mercury Program the spacecraft traveled in a fixed orbit
path, while in the Gemini Program the astronauts may vary the
orbital path, subjecting the Network to additional accuracy require-
ments. In addition, Gemini transmits at least three times as much
data as did Mercury.
The task of upgrading the Mercury Network to service Gemini i_-
cluded modifying old equipment, installing new equipment, eliminat-
ing some stations, and constructing new ones. (Goddard Space Flight
Center has been responsible for upgrading and handling the technical
operation of the Network.)
The Network now includes the following ground stations, ships,
and control centers : Cape Kennedy, Fla. (including the Mission Con-
trol Center and the Eastern Test Range stations at San Salvador
Island, Grand Turk Island, Grand Bahama Island, Antigua, and As-
cension Island) ; Bermuda ; Grand Canary Island ; Tananarive, Mada-
gascar; Carnarvon, Australia; Kano, Nigeria; Canton Island; White
Sands, N. Mex. ; Elgin, Fla. ; Point Arguello, Calif. ; Coastal Sentry
Quebec (ship) ; Kauai, Hawaii; Rose Knot Victory (ship) ; Range
Tracker (ship on loan from DOD for specific missions); Guaymas,
Mexico; and Corpus Christi, Tex. The Mission Control Center
(MCC) at the Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Tex., and the
Control Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.,
were also made ready for the Gemini flights.
To provide the ground support of the Gemini missions, the ground
stations were equipped with long range tracking radars, acquisition
aids, telemetry receivers, recorders and processors, capsule-to-ground
voice communications, interstation voice communications, data trans-
mission teletype lines, digital signal generators for command, and
radio frequency transmitters for command.
The network tracking facilities consist of precision, long range,
standard tracking radars which were adopted to meet manned space
flight requirements. _Jwlgutc_,t
........ "-".,,,._.a"- sites" wo,'-
.... equip_d with either
S-band or C-band radar or both. The higher frequency affords greater
resolution and reduction of multipath effects, improving the tracking
capability at lower elevation angles.
The acquisition aid system (antenna, together with associated elec-
tronic receiving and servo devices) performs the function of tracking
one target each, such as the Gemini spacecraft or the Agena target.
The acquisition aid specifically receives caps_ile telemeL"y data si_-ma.!s
and positions its own antenna automatically toward the received sig-
134 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
During the period under review, the following missions were sup-
ported by the Manned Space Flight Network :
Mission Date
Satellite Network
Network Communications
Rs
_i__iii_/' kq_mllil
"'_LZ,_. ..... _..
/. fi
........ _y
W
Cooperative Projects
Argentina
Brazil
Canaclo
France
"Center for Space Studies (CNES), proceeded at a rate that would per-
mit launching from the Western Test Range as scheduled in late
1965. (Fig. 7-1.)
__ SOLAR PANEL
(INSTALLED)
SOLAR PANEL
(DETACHED)_
MOUNTING RING
India
Italy
While progress continued toward the third and final phase of the
United States-Italian San Marco cooperative satellite program, Pro-
fessor Luigi Broglio presented the preliminary results of the second
phase orbital launching at the Sixth International Space Science
Symposium of COSPAR. Professor Broglio reported that the satel-
lite has demonstrated not only the technical feasibility of the satellite
drag mechanism but also the principle of using atmospheric drag
142 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Mexico
New Zealand
Pakistan
Sweden
United Kingdom
During the first half of 1965, work progressed on the third United
Kingdom-United States cooperative satellite project, a British ex-
periment was selected for flight on NASA's Orbiting Solar Observa-
tory (OSO-F), and a tripartite Memorandum of Understanding was
signed among NASA and the British and Pakistani space commis-
sioners. Two grenade payloads were launched from Pakistan on
April 29 and 30 as part of this project.
U.S.S.R.
g_l:_._ _I:_LA
I,,.I,.lllJ_lll_ I iltjiii
Operations Support
Australia
Ecuador
On May 10, action was taken to extend for a ten-year period the
inter-governmental agreement with Ecuador for operation of a satellite
tracking station near Quite.
Mexico
Spain
ESRO
Gemini--Contingency Recovery
During the first half of 1965, over 2500 foreign nationals from 91
countries visited NASA facilities for scientific and technical discus-
sions or general orientation. Visitors included representatives of space
programs in Argentina, Brazil, Canada, France, Federal Republic of
Germany, Japan, India, Italy, Mexico, Norway, Pakistan, and United
Kingdom, as well ,_s representatives of ESRO.
Under the NASA International University Fellowship Program,
52 graduate students from 17 countries studied space sciences at 16
American universities. They were supported by their national agen-
cies and by the European Space Research Organization. This pro-
gram is administered by the National Academy of Sciences.
Fifty-nine postdoctoral and senior postdoctoral associates from 19
countries carried on research at NASA centers, including the Jet Pro-
pulsion Laboratory. This program is also administered by the Na-
tional Academy of Sciences (with JPL administering its own pro-
gram) and is open to U.S. nationals.
Fifty-five technicians from Brazil, France, Italy, and the Nether-
]ands, here at their own expense, received training ill space technology
at Goddard Space Flight Center and Wallops Station in c(mnection
with cooperative projects.
GRANTS AND
RESEARCH
CONTRACTS
IACTIVITIES
Training
Number Number
of of
trainees trainees
731 7
Research
Figure 8-2. Astronauts McDivitt (L)and White (R) cut ribbon a t University of
Michigan Space Research Laboratory dedication.
Figure 8-3. NASA trainee tests mass spectrometer, University of Minnesota space
Physics Laboratories.
Figure 8-4. Research on high intensity electric fields, University of Minnesota Space
Physics Laboratories.
GRANTS AND RE,SEARCH CONTRACTS ACTIVITIES ]53
General
AND
EDUCATIONAL
PROGRAMS
materials at all levels. For example, the Agency published and dis-
tributed NASA Services to College and University Summer Ses-
sibns, Educational Guidance in the Space Age, and Science Education
in the Space Age. Also, "educational briefs" for teachers were devel-
oped and published by the Manned Spacecraft Center and Goddard
Space Flight Center. At Columbia University, curriculum syllabi
in space-related aspects of the physical sciences were being produced,
and other syllabi in space-related aspects of the biological sciences
were being prepared at the University of California (Berkeley).
The Agency assisted more than 275 colleges and universities in
planning space science courses and arranged summer workshops for
about 14,000 teachers. In addition, NASA helped increase public
understanding of the Nation's space program through adult educa-
tion. And it began to plan with Howard University to conduct a
program for culturally-deprived groups in an urban area (New York
City), a suburban area (Jacksonville, Fla.) and a rural area
(Cheneyville, La.).
In its support of youth programs, the Agency cooperated with the
National Science Teachers Association in holding the second annual
series of youth science congresses at 8 NASA Centers and the National
Youth Science Congress in Washington, D.C., June 23-26. NASA
officials assisted in judging and awarding certificates to students for
their space-related projects at the Science Fair-International held in
St. Louis, Me. in May. At the science fair six student winners and
their teachers were rewarded with visits to NASA research centers of
greatest interest to the students.
Spocemobiles
Exhibits
Figure 9-1. “Faith 7” (top) and “ M o l l y Brown” spacecraft, St. Louis, M o . exposition,
M a y 1965.
INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS 159
Processin9 Information
Not all of the information in the Agency's storage and retrieval
system is the product of its own research and development; many items
are produced by other agencies such as the Department of Defense
and the Atomic Energy Commission which maintain information
services geared to their own research and development requirements.
For greater efficiency, NASA cooperated with the other agencies in
developing standard procedures for descriptive cataloging and for
preparing subject vocabularies which now make it possible to incor-
porate technical reports of other agencies into the NASA system with-
out reprocessing, and vice versa. To avoid unnecessary duplication
of effort in processing bibliographic and indexing data stored on
magnetic tapes, arrangements were made with the Defense Documen-
tation Center to exchange worksheets used in processing incoming
items and the tapes. The information exchanges enable an agency
receiving a research and development document to use the data pre-
pared by a producing agency immediately.
M icroreproduction of D ocuments.--Doc uments in NASA's informa-
tion collections are distributed in microfiche form as well as in printed
and facsimile copies. The 4- by 6-inch microfiche film--carrying up
to 60 microreproduced pages--offers relatively inexpensive and con-
venient storage of "documents" for immediate use by scientists and
engineers, as well as easy reproduction of all or any of the parts of
the documents. The Federal Council for Science and Technology has
approved standard frame sizes and related dimensions for this sheet
microfilm. During this report period, NASA arranged with the
Atomic Energy Commission and the Clearinghouse for Federal Scien-
tific and Technical Information for microfilm exchanges, so that each
of the agencies will be spared the time and expense of filming docu-
ments received from the others.
Distributins Information
Aerospace literature used by scientists and engineers includes doeu-
_-_° ¢..-_ ¢..--; ...... ;..a ¢,.. _ A_ A ,_ information system
through publications exchange arrangements with foreign govern-
ment agencies, professional societies, academic institutions, research
160 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Technical Publications
Historical Program
MANAGEMENT.,
PROCUREMENT,
f
SUPPORT
AND
FUNCTIONS
Employee-Management Cooperation
207-820 0--66--12
164 I_rASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Trainin9 Activities
Contributions Awards
Inventions Awards
Or9anizational Improvements
Financial Management
[In thousands]
Research and development:
Gemini ..................................................... $242, 100
Apollo ...................................................... 2, 973, 385
Advanced missions ........................................... 10, 000
Physics and astronomy ....................................... 165, 900
Lunar and planetary exploration .............................. 213, 115
Bioscience .................................................. 31, 500
Meteorological satellites ....................................... 42, 700
Communication satellites ..................................... 2, 800
Applications technology satellites ............................. 28,700
Launch vehicle development .................................. 63, 600
Launch vehicle procurement .................................. 178, 700
Space vehicle systems ........................................ 35, 000
Electronics system ........................................... 34, 400
Human factor systems ........................................ 14, 900
Basic research ............................................... 22, 000
Nuclear-electric systems ...................................... 27, 000
Nuclear rockets .............................................. 58, 000
Solar and chemical power .................................... 14, 200
Chemical propulsion .......................................... 36, 200
Aeronautics ................................................. 42, 200
Tracking and data acquisition ................................ 246, 20()
Sustaining university program ................................ 46, 000
Technology utilization ........................................ 4, 750
Table 2 shows funds obligated and disbursed during fiscal year 1965
by program area. Appended is a summary by appropriation showing
current availability, obligations against this .ivailability, and unobli-
gated balances as of June 30, 1965.
Cost Reduction
This column lists all disbursements made during tlle current fiscal year, regardless of wl_en the funds were
obligated and excludes appropriation reimbursements deposited.
2 The availability listed includes anticipated reimbursable authority.
plished by two specific actions: (1) A contest was conducted for a"
Cost Reduction slogan and a Cost Reduction symbol, and prizes were
offered for each at all NASA Installations and Headquarters. Grana
prizes were offered for the best slogan and for the best symbol. (2)
Each NASA employee or unit which effects a savings of $500 or more
is to be given individual recognition. This individual recognition is
to begin at the Installation level and as the amount saved increases,
the value or recognition will be changed accordingly.
Procurement
"Incentive Contracting
Contract Administration
tract clause required by Executive Order 10925, March 6, 1961, and to"
encourage government contractors to initiate community level pro-
grams and activities to further the interest and purpose of the Execu-
tive Order.
The first objective is to conduct comprehensive reviews of contractor
facilities, making recommendations for corrective or affirmative actions
when necessary. Fifty-seven reviews were conducted during the first
six months of 1965.
The second objective is realized through individual or group con-
tractor initiative within local communities. Two Government con-
tractor groups, The Association of Huntsville Area Contractors, and
The Cape Kennedy Aerospace Industries Association, were taking
positive steps at the community level for concerted action in the areas
of employment, education, housing, local facilities, and community
relations.
tracts arising from unsolicited proposals offering new ideas and con-
cepts, contracts employing unique capabilities, and procurements of
.gole-source items.
Reflecting the fact that NASA's procurements are primarily for
research and development, 59 percent of the awards to business were
placed under cost-plus-fixed-fee contracts. However, in line with
NASA's policy to include incentive provisions in its contracts, where-
ever appropriate, 24 percent of the awards represented incentive-type
contracts. Sixteen percent of the awards were placed under firm
fixed-price contracts.
_gmall Business Participation.--Small business filTnS received 10 per-
cent of NASA's direct awards to business. Excluding the 20 largest
awards which were for major systems and hardware requiring re-
sources not generally within the capability of small business on a prime
contract basis, small business received 18 percent of the total awards
to business.
Participation in Subcontracts.--In addition to the $173 million of
direct awards from NASA, small business received $237 million in sub-
contract awards. These subcontract awards include I_28 million
from 57 large business firms participating in NASA's Small Business
Subcontracting Program and $9 million from the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology. Thus, small
business received a known amount of $410 million of NASA's dollars
during the six months plus an undetermined amount from other NASA
prime contractors and from other Government agencies including the
Department of Defense on behalf of NASA. The $410 million con-
stituted 22 percent of NASA's awards to business and JPL during the
period.
GeograpMcal Distribution o/Prime Contracts.--W_thin the United
States, NASA's prime contract awards were distributed among 50
States and the District of Columbia. Business firms in 46 States, and
educational institutions and other nonprofit institutions in 50 States
and the District of Columbia participated in the awards. Nine per-
cent of the awards weni t,o 1__._1_,,g,,-phl_........_r_a._ located in 21 States.
Subcontractlng.--Subcontracting effected a further distribution of
the prime contract awards. NASA's major prime contractors located
in 23 States reported that their larger subcontract awards on NASA
effort had gone to 1600 subcontractors in 44 States and that 65 percent
of these subcontract dollars had crossed States lines.
Major Contract Awards.--Among the major research and develop-
ment aggregate contract awards by _' _ A dur:ng" _1_¥_ 1965 were
the following :
178 NASA THIRTEE_qTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
207-820 0 - 66 - 13
180 NASA THIRTI_E_TH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Technology Utilization
*Awards during period represent awards on several contracts which have different
principal places of performance. The place shown is that which has the largest amount
of the awards.
pERSONNEL_ MANAGEMENT_ PROCUREMENT_ SUPPORT FUNCTIONS 181
Labor Relations
With regard to 1965 labor negotiations involving all major aero- "
space companies, only one labor negotiation was settled. Sixteen addi-
tional contracts were to be opened for renewal during the second half
of the year. All aerospace negotiations are being conducted with the
assistance of the Federal Mediation and Conciliation ,Service.
NASA intends to continue a vigorous program of preventive labor
relations to keep losses of man-days due to labor disputes at NASA
Centers even below the level of second quarter of the year. In addi-
tion, the Agency intends to assist whenever possible to prevent or
resolve disputes in plants of aerospace contractors when such disputes
affect its programs.
DEAN RUSK
Secretary o/ State
ROBERT S. McNAMARA
Secretary of Defen_e
JAMES E. WEBS, Administrator
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GLENN T. SEABORG, ChaiTvn_ln
Atomic Energy C o_ission
Executive Secretary
EDWARD C. WELSH
186
Appendix C
Ames Research Center; 415-Y_- Dr. Smith J. DeFrance, Director__ Moffet Field, Calif., g4065.
9411.
Electronics Research Center; 617- Dr. Winston E. Keek, Director___ 575 Technology Square, Cam-
491-1500. bridge, Mass., 02139.
Flight Research Center; 805-258- Mr. Paul Blkle, Director .......... Post Grace Box 273, Edwards.
3311. Calif., 93523.
Goddard Space Flight Center; 301- Dr. H. J. Gcett, Director ......... Greenbelt, Md., 20771.
474-9000.
Goddard Institute for Space Studies; Dr. Robert Jastrow, Director ..... 475 Riverside Drive, New
212-UN6-3600. York, N.Y., 10027.
Jet Propulsion Laboratory; .213- Dr. W. H. Pickering, Director .... 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasa-
SY0--6811. dena, Calif., 9110_.
John F. Kennedy Space Center; 305- Dr. Kurt Debns, Director ......... Kennedy Space Center, Fla.,
UL3-6998. 32899.
Langley Research Center; 703-722- Dr. Floyd L. Thompson, Direc- Langley Station, Hampton,
7961. tor. Va., 23365.
Lewis Research Center; 216-433-4000_ Dr. Abe Silverstein, Director_ ..... 21000 Brookpark Road, Cleve-
land, Ohio, 44135.
Manned Spacecraft Center, 713- Dr. R. R. Gilruth, Director ....... Houston, Tex., 77058.
WA8-2811.
George C. Marshall Space Flight Dr. Wernher yon Braun, Direc- Huntsville, Ala., 35812.
Center; 205-877-1000. tor.
Michoud Assembly Facility; 504- Dr. George Constan, Manager .... Post Office Box 26078, New
255-3311. Orleans, La., 70126.
Mississippi Test Facility; 601-688- Mr. Jackson M. Baleh, Manager.. Bay St. Louis., Miss., 39520.
2121.
Pacific Launch Operations Grace; Mr. William H. Evans, Director_. Post Office Box 425, Lompac,
805-R E4-4311. Calif., 93438.
Plum Brook Station; 419-MA5--1123. Mr. Alan D. Johnson, Director_. _ Sandusky, Ohio, 44871.
Wallops Stations; 7_-VA4-3411 ..... Mr. Robert Krieger, Director ..... Wallops Island, Va., 23337.
Western Operations Grace, 213-EX3- Mr. R. W. Kamm, Director ...... 150 Pico Blvd. Santa Monica,
9641. Calif., 90406.
187
Appendix D
189
Appendix F
In Line Multiple Circuit Protector ........ McDonnell Aircraft Corp .......... Granted January 27,
1965.
Improvements in Propellant Grain for Lockheed Propulsion Co ............ Denied January 27,
Rocket Motor. 1965.
Re-entry Corridor Indicator ............... North American Aviation, Inc ...... Granted January 27,
1965.
Iterative Division System ................ International Business Machines Granted January 28,
Corp. 1965.
Radiation Monitoring Apparatus .......... Republic Aviation Corp ........... Granted March 8,
1965.
Modulated Power Supply ................ Collins Radio Co ................ Denied March 8, 19_5.
Spacecraft Cabin Facilities ................ Hugo S. Miller_ ..................... Denied March 19,
1965.
Current Steering Using Multiple Aperture Stanford Research Institute ...... Granted March 19,
Device. 1965.
Treatment for Glass To Reduce Helium Midwest Research Institute ......... Do.
Permeation.
Magnetic Recorder ................... Ampex Corp ..................... Granted March 22,
1965.
Folding Structure Fabricated of Rigid Northrop Corp ...................... Granted March 31
Panels. 1965.
Coating Made From Bis(Methylamino) Southern Research Institute ...... Granted April 22,
Diphenylsilane. 19_.
Method of Making Polymeric Diphenyl- _.... do ......................... DO.
silazane.
Elastomer Made From Methylphenyl .... do ............................. DO.
Silazane and Ethylenediamine Sflazane.
Infrared Acquisition Aid for a Tracking Barnes Engineering Co ............ DO.
System.
Treatment for Magnetron Gauges to Cause Midwest Research Institute ......... DO.
Improved and Uniform Response.
Hypervelocity Gun ........................ MB Associates ..................... Granted May 7, 1965.
Segmented Manifold ...................... United Aircraft Corp ................ Do.
Torsion Bar Seal Follow-Up .................... do .............................. Do.
Control System for Fuel Cells .................. do ............................... Do.
Fuel Cell Floating Elements ................... do ............................... Do.
Self-Regulating Liquid Removal System ....... do ............................... Do.
Use of Ion Exchange Membranes in Non- Livingston Electric Corp ........... Do.
190
A_PENDIX F 191
Use of Coordination Compounds, Com- Livingston Electric Corp ............ Granted May 7, 1965.
plex Ions, and Penetration Complexes
as Conducting Species in Aprotic, Protic
and Other Types of Nonaqueous Pri-
mary Batteries.
Device for Separating a Liquid from a Gas_ Midland-Ross Corp ................ Granted May 21, 1965.
Shear-Plate Mirror Light Beam Deflector. General Telephone and Electronics Do.
Laboratories.
Electro-Optic Light Beam Refractor ....... ..... do_ .............................. Do.
An Omnl-Directional Receiving System_._ Franklin Institute .................. Granted June 2, 1965.
Application of Ceramic Paper to the Con- University of Illinois ................ Do.
struction of Traps for Vacuum Systems.
Dynamic Capacitor ....................... Kinelogic Corp ...................... Granted June 8, 1965.
Glass Electrode ............................ Beckman Instruments, Ine .......... Granted June 24, 1965.
Appendix G
Animal Restraint and Method of Albert E. Clarke, Jr., and John M. Ames Research Center.
Making Same. Rietman.
Locking Device ................. Adolf L. Herrmann ............... Marshall Space Flight
Center.
Bonding Procedure ................ Charles B. King ................... Langley Research Center.
Cable Arrangement for Rigid Arthur W. Vogeley and Roy F. Bris- Do.
Tethering. senden.
Technique for Control of Free- Robert J. Keynton ............ Do.
Flight Rocket Vehicles.
Double Hinged Flap .............. Thomas R. Turner ............... Do.
Aircraft "Engine Pods". .......... William C. Sleeman, J'r., and Thomas Do.
A. Toll.
Aircraft"Tail Surfaces"_ ............... do ................................ Do.
Supersonic Aircraft ...................... do .............................. Do.
Swept Wing Aircraft ............... do ............................. Do.
Canister Closing Device ........... Austin D. McHatton, Joseph V. Do.
Boyle, Jr., and Wilbert C. Falk.
Variable Duration Pulse Inte- Arthur L. Newcomb, Jr........... Do.
grator.
Method of Obtaining Permanent Kennedy F. Rubert, Allen R. Vick, Do.
Record of Surface Flow Phe- Earl H. Andrews, Jr., and Charles
nomena. B. King.
Optimum Pre-Detection Diver- Victor R. Simas .................... Ooddard Space Flight
sity Combining System. Center.
Storage Container Mounting for Dolphus H. Black .......... Marshall Space Flight
Space Vehicles. Center.
Small Rocket Engine ............ William T. Latto, Jr .................. Lewis Research Center.
Liquid Gas Separator for Zero Robert E. Smylie, Frank H. Samon- Manned Spacecraft
Oravity Environment. ski,Jr., and Frank Collier. Center.
Indexed Keyed Connection ........ William H. Simmons and Lyle M. Do.
Jenkins.
Thermal Shock Apparatus ....... Alan Arias ........................... Lewis Research Center.
Protective Device for Machine Charles P. Blankeushlp and Charles Do.
and Metal Working Tools. A. Gyorgak.
Electric Are Gas Heater .... William C. A. Carlson and Carl E. Ames Research Center.
Sorensen.
Centrifuge Mounted Motion Jess S. W. Davidsen and Estin N. Do.
Simulator. Baker.
Reactance Control System ........ Richard Schmidt ................... Marshall Space Flight
Center.
192
APPENDIX G 193
Missile Stage Separation Indicator James W. Mayo and James E. Michael. Langley Research Center.
and Stage Initiator.
Umbilical Disconnect ............. Russell E. Cliekner, Jr................ Manned Spacecraft Center.
Pressure Suit Tie-Down James H. O'Kane ..................... Do.
Mechanism.
Method of Making Ceramic, Dumas A. Otterson, Myron O. Lewis Research Center.
Cermet and Refractory Davies, and Warren H. Philipp.
Materials Ductile.
Remote Control Tubular Joseph D. Pride and William E. Langley Research Center.
Disconnect. Zorumski.
Three AxisControUer ........... Earl O. Menefce and Albert A. Ames Research Center.
Puccinelli.
Improved Semiconductor Joseph Mandelkorn .................. Lewis Research Center.
Material and Method of
Making Same.
Improved Silicon Material for ..... do ................................. Do.
Use in Semiconductor Devices.
Improved Semiconductor .....do ................................. Do.
Material and Method of
Making Same.
Steering System ................... Upshur T. Joyner .................... Langley Research Center.
Electron Beam Welding Appa- Richard A. Terselie and Louis Lewis Research Center.
ratus and Method. Rosenblum.
Missile Launch Release System.__ Timothy O. Eddins ................. Marshall Space Flight
Center.
Ablation Material for Heat Kenneth L. Wadlin ................... Langley Research Center.
Dissipation and Insulation.
An Improved Nickel-Base Alloy__ John C. Freche and William J. Waters. Lewis Research Center.
High Temperature Cobalt-Base John C. Freche, Stanley J. Klima, Do.
Alloy. and, Richard L. Ashbrook.
Method and Apparatus for Wilbur C. Heier ...................... Langley Research Center.
Molding Compounds.
Double-Acting Shock Absorber_.__ Josef F. Blumrieh ................... Marshall Space Flight
Center.
Landing Pad Assembly for Aero- ..... do ............................. Do.
space Vehicles.
Electrostatic Plasma Modulator_._ Stuart L. Seaton ..................... Langley Research Center.
Electromagnetic Wave Propaga- .....do ................................. Do.
tion Device.
Composit_ Powerplant and William J. D. Eseher ................. Do.
Shroud Therefor.
Omni-Directional Anisotropic Harold Shapiro and William F. Goddard Space Flight
Molecular Trap. Hardgrove. Center.
Vibration Measurement With John V. Foster ........................ Ames Research Center.
Coherent Light.
Flexible Back-Up Bar ............ Aubrey S. Drummond ................ Marshall Space Flight
Center.
Segmented Back-Up Bar .......... William J. Franklin and Neil C. Do.
Martin.
Apvaratus for Dynamic Testing___ George L. von Pragenau and Do.
Wilhelm Angele.
Thermo-E1ectrestatic Generator___ Benjamin H. Beam .................. Ames Research Center.
An Improved High Temperature John C. Freche, Richard L. Ash- Lewis Research Center.
Cobalt-Base Alloy. brook, and Gary D. Sandrock.
Flexible Wing Deployment De- Charles E. Libby ..................... Langley Research Center.
vice.
Fluid Power Transmission ........ Harold I. Johnson and Orrin A. Manned Spacecraft Center.
Woblg.
194 NASA THIRTF, E:NTI-I SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Zero Gravity Measurement Joseph C. Doyle, Frank A. Burgett, Manned Spacecraft Center.
System. Dale G. Sauers, and Robert M.
Bernardln.
Reentry Communication By Clifford H. Nelson, and William F. Langley Research Center.
Material Addition. Cuddihy.
Welding Skate and Track ......... Vaughn Herbert Yost ........... Marshall Space Flight
Center.
Velocity Package ................. John W. Wflkey, Jr .................. Langley Research Center.
Material Test Apparatus .......... Alan Arias .......................... Lewis Research Center.
Traversing Probe ................ Stanley C. Planowski, Edwin J. Flight Research Center.
Saltzman, Meryl D. DeOreer,
and Robert O. Green.
Portable Alignment Tool ....... William J. Franklin and Neil C. Marshall Space Flight
Martin. Center.
Random Function Tracer ........ Paul F. Fuhrmeister and Milner H. Langley Research Center.
Eskew, Jr.
Appendix H
NASA Facts
Descriptions of NASA's programs, with photographs and diagrams of space-
('raft and launch vehicles. (Sheets are designed for bulletin board display or
for insertion in looseleaf notebooks.)
Bibliographies
Aeronautics and Space Bibliography 1or Elementary G-fades.---36 pages.
Aeronautics and Space Bibliography for Secondary Grades.--52 pages•
Aeronautics and Space Bibliography ol Adult Aerospaco Books and Materials.--
44 pages.
Motion Pictures
During the first six months of 1965 NASA released the following five new
motion pictures. These are available to the public upon request without charge,
other than return mailing and insurance costs, from the Office of Educational
Programs and Services, Code AFEE-3, National Aeronautics and Space Admin-
istration, Washington, D.C., 20546. (Other films are listed in a brochure sup-
plied from the same address.)
The Biosatellite Program---Between the Atom and the Star.--28 rain., sound,
color. (16 ram.) How experiments with various life forms conducted aboard
NASA's Biosatellites (orbiting biological laboratories) provide knowledge on
basic life processes and pave the way to, yard man's adjustment _o the space
environment. (U.S. entry at the Rome Film Festival, August 26, 1964.)
The Hard Oncs.--15 rain., sound, color. (16 ram.) The film--featuring the
orbiting geophysical observatory_etails the design, fabrication, and opera-
tion of unmanned satellites for scientific research and practical applications
such as communication_ and weather forecasting. This 1,0(D-pound geo-
physical satellite supplies invaluable data on the earth, the sun, and their
interrelationships.
The Shape of Things to Come.--21 min., sound, color. (16 ram.) Describes the
•,_u---_ for advanced research, with examples o£ promising research programs.
Trial Balance.--27 rain., sound, color. (16 ram.) Current knowledge in space
science, particularly that gained through analyses of information supplied
by spacecraft.
198 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Technical Publications
The following selected Special Publications, issued by NASA's Scientific and
Technical Information Division, are sold by the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO), Washington, D.C., 20402, or by the
Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information (CFSTI),
Springfield, Va., 22151, at the prices listed.
Aerodynamic Design oi Axial-Flow Compressors (NASA SP-36).*--Results of
the extensive research on the design of axial-flow compressors, formerly scat-
tered, have been assimilated and correlated in this volume. Attention has been
focused primarily on the problems pertinent to the axial-flow compressors of
turbojet or turbaprop engines, but the results should be applicable to any class of
axial-flow compressors. 508 pp. GPO, $3.
Explorer VI (NASA SP-54).*--This volume contains selected papers and
reports on data collected by Explorer VI which was designed to provide a co-
ordinated, comprehensive group of measurements of scientific interest over as
large a region of the magnetosphere as possible. Simultaneous studies were
made of the trapped radiation in the Van Allen region, galactic cosmic rays,
geomagnetism, radio propagation in the upper atmosphere, and the flux of micro-
meteorites or cosmic dust. 381 pp. GPO, $2.25.
X-15 Research Results With a Selected Bibliography (NASA SP-60).*--A
semi-technical summary of the X-15 program directed toward the achievements
in scientific research rather than toward the better-publicized and spectacular
milestones of flight in the near-space environment. The book traces the history
of the joint NASA-Air Force-Navy program from the early hypersonic flight
studies by NACA through the first 120 flights of the three rocket-powered re-
search airplanes. 128 pp. GPO, 55 cents.
Ranger VII Photographs ol the Moon. Part II: Camera "B" Series (NASA
SP-62) .*--Reproduction of the 200 photos from the "B" camera. The B camera,
with an f/2 lens of 38-mm aperture and 76-ram focal length, and a detector of
the same dimension as the "A" camera, had a field of 8.4 x 8.4. 217 pp. GPO,
$6.50.
Proceedings oy the Conlerence on Space Nutrition and Related Waste Problems
(NASA SP-70}.*--The proceedings of a conference held in April 1964 at which
government, industry, and university scientists considered the nutrition and
waste problems associated with maintaining astronauts in space, especially over
extended periods of time. Approximately 60 papers with discussions by con-
ferees. 400 pp. GPO, $2.75.
NASA Symposium on the Analysis ol Central Nervous System and Cardiovas-
cular Data Using Computer Methods (NASA SP-72).*--A conference at which
Government and university authorities discussed the use of computer techniques
in collecting and analyzing data on the central nervous and cardiovascular
systems. 600 pp. CFSTI, $4.50.
Tables oF Energy Losses and Ranges of Electrons and Positrons (NASA SP-
3012) .* 127 pp. CFSTI, $4.
Tables af Energy Losses and Ranges of Heavy Charged Particles (NASA
SP-3013) .* 131 pp. CPSTI, $4.
Equilibrium Thermodynamics Properties of Carbon Dioxide (NASA SP-
3014).* 66 pp. CFSTI, $3.
Charts for Equilibrium Flow Properties of Carbon Dioxide in Hypervelocity
Nozzles (NASA SP-3015).* 71 pp. CFSTI, $3.
Venus and Mars Nominal Natural Environment for Advanced Manned Plane-
tary Mi,_sion Programs (NASA SP-3016).* 48 pp. ('FSTI, $2.
Tables For Supersonic Flow Around Right Circular Cones at Small Angle of
Attack (NASA SP-3007). 422 pp. GPO, $2.25.
Tables of the Complex Fresncl Integral (NASA SP-3010). 294 pp. CFSTI,
$4.
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties for the Hydrogen-Oxygen System
(NASA SP-3011). 419 pp. CPSTI, $6.
Tables of Energy Losses and Ravages of Electrons and Positrons (NASA
SP-3012). 128 pp. CFSTI, $4.
Tables of Energy Losses and Ranges of Heavy Charged Particles (NASA SP-
3013). 132 pp. CFSTI, $4.
Thermodynamic Properties and Mollier Chart for Hydrogen from 800 ° K to
£0,000 ° K (NASA SP--3()02). 64 pp. CFSTI, $1.75.
Tables for Supersonic Flaw Around Right Circular Cones at Zero Angle of
Attack (NASA SP-3004). 422 pp. GPO, $2.25.
Energy Spectra and Angular Distributions of Electrons Transmitted Through
Sapphire (AlcOa) Foils (NASA SP-3008). 108 pp. CFSTI, $2.50.
Tables of the Composition, Opacity, and Thermodynamic Properties of Hydro-
gen at High Temperatures (NASA SP-3005). 186 pp. CFSTI, $3.
Tables of Flow Properties of Thermally Perfect Carbon Dioxide and !gitrogvn
Mixtures (NASA SP-3009). 114 pp. CFSTI, $4.50.
AppendixJ
Major NASA Launches
Gemini (GT-I1), Jan. 19 ............ Modified Titan IL ETR ..... Demonstrated structural integrity
Unmanned reentry test of Project and systems performance of the
Gemini spacecraft at maximum spacecraft throughout flight,
heating rate. reentry, and parachute water
landing.
TIROS IX, Jan. 22 ................. Thor-Delta ........ ETR ..... Planned for launching into near-
Introduced cartwheel design for polar, sun-synchronous, circular
increased coverage of world's orbit at about 400 miles; elliptical
cloud cover. rather than circular orbit
achieved. Highly eccentric orbit
(apogee, about 1,600 miles, peri-
gee about 435) did not prevent
satellite from providing com-
pintaly useable data. New design
represented an advance in devel-
oping Weather Bureau's TIROS
Operational Satellite System.
Orbiting Solar Observatory II ...... Thor-Delta ........ ETR ..... Seven of this Orbiting Solar Ob-
(OSO II), Feb. 3. servatory's eight experiments
Continues OSO-I studies in solar returned significant data on solar
physics through experiments phenomena. All spacecraft
provided by Harvard College systems operated at or above
Observatory and the Naval Re- expected design goals.
search Laboratory. Has added
ability to scan the entire solar
surfaee and part of its corona.
Pegasus I (SA-9), Feb. 16 ........... Saturn I .......... ETR ..... Provided information for better
Satellite will "sweep" space de- fusing and manufacturing tech-
tecting and reporting coliisions niques to improve detection
with meteoroids by using a new systems on the remaining two
meteoroid-penetration detec- Pegasus spacecraft. Spacecraft
tion system. circling the earth at 451 miles
apogee and 311 miles perigee on
an inclination of 31.75 ° •
Ranger Vlll, Fe',. 17 ............... Atlas-Agena ...... ETR ..... Mid-course trajectory correction
Lunar photography. was successful. Transmitted
7,137 high-quality pictures.
Last photograph taken before
impact revealed objects less thav
30 inches in size.
2O5
206 I_qASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANN-tYAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Centaur 5, Mar. 2................... Atlas-Centaur ..... ETR ..... Atlas booster failed about one
A vehicle-development flight con- second after lift-off.
tinuing a series of experimental
test flights planned to prepare
Centaur for future launches of
the Surveyor soft landing lunar
spacecraft.
Ranger IX, Mar. 21................. Atlas-Agona ...... ETR ..... Last of NASA's highly successful
Lunar photography. lunar photographic missions.
Spacecraft provided 5,814high-
resolution pictures of moon's
surface. The Ranger series
supplied over 17,000photographs,
most of which were up to 2,000
times clearer than any ever
provided by the most powerful
earth-based telescopes.
Gemini (GT-III), Mar. 23 .......... Modified Titan ETR ..... This firsttwo-man Gemini flight
To demonstrate manned orbital II. carried Astronauts Virgil I.
flight in the Gemini spacecraft Orissom and John W. Young
and further qualify spacecraft for three orbits (4 hours, 53
and launch vehicle systems for minutes). First use by crew of
future manned missions; dem- orbital maneuvering system;
onstrate and evaluate opera- and firstcontrol of reentry
tions of the worldwide tracking flightpath using variable
network with a spacecraft and spacecraft lift.
crew; evaluate Gemini design
and its effects on crew perform-
aness; demonstrate and evaluate
capability to maneuver the
spacecraft in orbit using the
orbital attitude and maneuver-
ing system; demonstrate capa-
bility to control the reentry
flight path and the landing
point ; evaluate performance of
spacecraft systems; obtain gen-
eral photographic coverage in
orbit; and to recover the space-
craft and evaluate recovery
systems.
Early Bird I, Apr. 6 ................ Thrust-Aug- ETR ...... Experiments, tests and commun-
First commercial communications mented Delta. ications system lineups took
satellitelaunched by NASA for place between April 10 and
Comsat Corp. on a reimbursable June 28 when spacecraft was
basis. placed in commercial service.
Performance equaled or exceeded
expectations.
Explorer XXVII, Apr. 29 ........... Scout .............. WI ........ The six radio beacons on the
NASA's first satellite with geo- satellite were activated and
detic studies as its primary mis- operating as planned. Joined
sion. Principal function to Explorer XXII, orbited
chart irregularities in earth's October 10, 1964, in geodetic
gravitational field through geo- and ionospheric investigations.
detic measurements using the Laser experiments, using cor-
Apollo high altitude abort test, Little Joe II ....... WSR ...... Launch vehicle developed a high
FIRE II, May 22 ................... Atlas D ........... ETR ..... Reentry spacecraft reached 25,400
To investigate high-reentry veL m.p.h, as it was propelled back
loeity (37,000 feet per second) of into the atmosphere. Atlas
spacecraft into earth's atmos- launch vehicle, velocity package,
phere. FIRE II reentry package, and
data-gathering equipment
performed well. Telemetry
records reveal heating infor-
mation received throughout
reentry. All test sequences
occurred as scheduled.
Pegasus II (SA-8), May 25 .......... Saturn I .......... ETR ..... Orbiting the earth every 97.3
To gather information on the minutes at altitudesranging from
frequency of meteoroids in the 314 to 466 miles, the l_-ton space-
near-earth environment for use craft exposed 2,300 square feet of
in designing future manned and instrumented aluminum panels
unmanned spacecraft. of different thicknesses to
meteoroid penetrations.
Explorer XXVIII (IMP-C), May Thor-Delta ....... ETR ..... Third in the Interplanetary
29. Monitoring Platform (IMP)
To gather data on interplanetary satelliteseries,Explorer XXVIII
._-_et.!c fields and study followed Explorer XVIII (IMP-
charged particles coming from A) __nd _XI (IMP-B) in con-
the sun and elsewhere in the tinuing to monitor and provide
solar system. (Similar informa- data on the radiation environ-
tion supplied by Mariner IV ment ofcislunar space.
on its way to flyby Mars in mid-
July.)
_emini (GT-IV), June 3 ........... Modified Titan II. ETR ..... Astronauts :/ames A. McDivitt anc
To demonstrate and evaluate per- Edward A. White orbited the
formance of spacecraft systems earth 62 times during 97 hours
for 4 days; evaluate effects of and 56 minutes in space. Firs1
prolonged exposure to space U.S. extravehicular activities
environment of 2-man flight (22 rain.) and use of personal
crew in preparing for longer propulsion unit by White. A
flights; demonstrate orbital program of 11 scientific experi-
attitude and maneuvering ments successfully conducted.
system's ability to perform
retrofireback-up; demonstrate
capability of spacecraft and
flightcrew to make in-plane and
out-of-plane maneuvers; per-
form extravehicular activity;
conduct further evaluation of
various other spacecraft systems
while in flight; obtain photo-
graphic coverage in orbit; and
recover the spacecraft and
evaluate recovery system.
Scout ..................
345-mile orbit Escape [ Mars/
Venus
...............
J Launching small scientific satellites
and probes (Explorer XXVII, SE RT
engine, San Marco I).
Delta .................. 800 ............ 120 ........ Launching scientific, meteorological,
150 to T20 ......
and communications satellites
TIROS IX, Orbiting Solar Observ-
ateries--OSO I and II, Ariel, Tel-
star I, Relay. Syncom II,Interplane-
tary Monitoring Platforms (Explorers
XXI and XXVIII), Energetic par-
i
ticlessatellite(Explorer XXVI).
Thrust Augmented 1,000 .......... 150 120 ] Launching scientific,meteorological,
I
2O9
m
:_ : : : I I I : III:IIIIIIII _II_:II
e_
, ,, ,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,
.>_
<<
o_
l iii iiiii iiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiii
°--_
c0_
i: I
<
210
APPENDIX L 211
_._ ",_ =
=_,_
_ -_d
,-., _ =_ _-_
207-820 O-66--15
Appendix M
Alabama :
NGR 01-001-003 ...... Alabama A&M College, C. O. LEE ............ $23, 419
Radiation Effects in the Metabolism of
Phosphollldds in the Central Nervous system
of Albino Rats.
NsG-381 .............. University of Alabama, R. HZRMA_N and 400, 000
S 2 G. CaoKER.
Research in the Aerospace Physical
Sciences.
NsG(T)-30 ............ University of Alabama, E. ROD01_RS .......... 192, 0n
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Science and Technology.
NsG(T)-18 ............ Auburn University, W. V. PAREZa ........... 184, 100
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Science and Technology.
NSR 01-003_)05 ....... Auburn University, R. I. VACHON ............ 50, 625
A Summer Institute in Space-Related
Engineering.
NASr-ll7 ............. Southern Research Institute, A. C. WILLHELM_- 6, 448
A 5 Investigative Research of Protective Coat-
ing for Sheet Steels in Supert_onlc Transport
Aircraft.
Alaska :
*The grants listed are reported to the Congress in compliance with the requirements of
the Grants Statute, 42 U.S.C. 1891-1893 (72 Stat. 1793).
NOTE: Contracts have prefixes NAS and NSR; grants have prefixes NsG and NGR;
transfer of funds to Government agencies have prefix R. Earlier grants and contracts are
listed in appendices of previous NASA Semiannual Reports to Congress.
212
APPENDIX
M 213
Arizona :
NsG-161 .............. University of Arizona, G. P. KUIPER .......... $250,000
S 5 Planetary Spectroscopic Studies and Seleno-
detic and Physical Studies of the Lunar
Surface.
Arizona-_Continued
NsG(T)-12 ............ University of Arkansas, V. W. ADKISSON ...... $180, 000
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoc-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
California :
NsG-56 ............... California Institute of Technology, H. BROWN 140, 342
S 6 and B. C. MURRAY.
Investigation of Problems In Lunar and
Planetary Exploration.
NsG-426 .............. California Institute of Technology, R. B. I_IGH- 760, 19,.5
S 2 _0N.
Space-Related Research in Selected Fields
of Physics and Astronomy, Including Cosmic
Rays, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Solar
Physics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Planetary
Spectroscopy and Infrared Astronomy.
NGR 05-002_028 ....... California Institute of Technology, W. A. 30, 000
S 1 'FOWLER.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of
Nuclear Activity and Evolutionary Processes
in Stars and Cosmos.
NGR 05-002-034 ....... California Institute of Technology, H. ZIRIN-- 136, 605
Research in Solar Flares and the Solar
Atmosphere.
NGR 05-002-036 ....... California Institute of Technology, J. E. 30, 000
McKEE.
Investigation of Biochemical Stabilization
of Aqueous Solutions or Organic Compounds
by Unsaturated Flow Through Porous Media.
NsG(T)-37 ............ California Institute of Technology, F. BOHNIN- 280, 100
S 2 BLUST.
Supporting the Training of Fifteen Predoc-
toral Graduate Students In Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-101 .............. University of California (Berkeley), M. CALVXN- 258, 900
S 3 Studies of Reflection Spectra, Meteorite
Analysis, Paleobiochemistry, and Biochemical
Evolution as Bases for Studying Extraterres-
trial Life.
NsG-104- ............. University of California (Berkeley), W. OSWALD_ 20, 000
California--Continued
NGR 05-004-008 ....... University of California (Davis), C. F. KELLY_ $80, 000
Investigation of the Physiological Effects
of Chronic Acceleration.
NSO--237 .............. University of California (Los Angeles), W.F. 600, 000
S 5 LIBBY.
Interdisciplinary Space-Related Research
in the Physical Biological Sciences and Engi-
neering.
NsG-249 .............. University of California (Los Angeles), W.F. 220, 000
S 3 LIBBY.
Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions of Particles and Fields in Space, Includ-
ing Construction of Prototype Instrumenta-
tion.
NsG-427 .............. University of California (Los Angeles), F.R. 42, 400
S 1 SHANLI_Yo
Analytical and Experimental Investigation
of Ceramic Materials for Use as Structural
Elements.
NGR 05-007-057 ....... University of California (Los Angeles), W.T. 59, 004)
THOMSON.
A Summer Institute in Space Technology.
NGR05-007-065 ....... University of California (Los Angeles), P.J. 45, 680
COLEMAN.
Reduction and Analysis of Data From Mar-
iner IV Magnetometer Investigations.
NGR 05-007-066 ....... University of California (Los Angeles), A.Y. 23, 000
WONO.
Investigation of Interreaction Between Iron
Beams and Plasma.
NsG(T)-4 ............. University of California (Los Angeles), W.F. 288, 900
S 8 LIBBY.
Supporting the Training of Fifteen Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NSR 05-007-060 ....... University of California (Los Angeles), W.M. 51,295
KAULAo
Data Analysis in Connection with National
Geodetic Satellite Program.
NsG(T)-130 ........... University of California (Riverside), R.B. 77,900
S 1 MARCH.
Supporting the Training of Four Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-91 ............... University of California (Santa Barbara), W. 34,600
S 3 C. WALKER.
Investigation of the Optical Parameters of
Certain Solids in the Spectral Region Be-
tween 500 and 3,000 Angstroms.
NsG-318 .............. University of California (San Diego), L.E. 87,923
S 2 PETERSON.
Studies for X-ray and Gamma Ray Astron-
omy.
NsG-318 .............. University of California (San Diego), L.E. 87, 923
S 3 PETERSON.
Studies for X-ray and Gamma Ray Astron-
omy.
NsG-3_7 .............. University of California (San Diego), G.R. 50, 000
S 3 BURBIDGE.
California--Continued
NsG(T)-75 ............ University of Southern California, M. C. $230, 400
S 2 KLOETZEL.
Supporting the Training of Twelve Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Science and Technology.
NASr-49(07) .......... Stanford Research Institute, R. T. SMITH ..... 39, 389
A 3 Conduct Theoretical Research on Low
Colorado---Continued
NsG-570 .............. Colorado State University, V. A. SANDBORN__- $84, 068"
S 1 Experimental and Theoretical Studies of
the Influence of Countercurrent Electrons
Flows on the Performance of Ion Accelerators.
NGR-06-002-015 ...... Colorado State University, F. E. SOUTH ...... 50, 000
Studies on Adaption to Prolonged Deep
Hypothermia and Its Relation of Hibernation.
NsG(T)-45 ............ Colorado State University, W. H. BRAOONIZR-- 137, 400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Eight Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Re-
lated Sciences and Technology.
NASr-147 ............. Colorado State University, W. E. MARLATT .... 99, 999
A 3 Investigations of the Temperature and
Special Emissivity Characteristics of Cloud
Tops and Earth's Surface.
NAG--518 .............. University of Denver, S. A. JOHNSON .......... 150, 000
S 1 Multidisciplinary Research in Space-Re-
lated Sciences and Engineering.
NsG(T)-49 ............ University ot Denver, W. C. MILLER ........ 100, 800
S 2 Supporting the Training of Six Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
R-45 ................. U.S. National Bureau of Standards, R. B. 560, 000
A 5 STEWART.
Investigations and Studies of Liquid Hydro-
gen and Other Cryogenic Fluids.
R--45 ................. U.S. National Bureau of Standards ........... I0, 000
A 6 Ihvestigations and Studies of Liquid Hydro-
gen and Other Cryogenic Fluids.
R-83 ................. U.S. National Bureau of Standards, K. L. 135,000
A 2 .B0wLEs.
District of Columbia----Contint, ed
NsG-647 .............. Catholic University, P. H. E. MmZJIJR and $23,250
S 1 R. ,_IEISTER.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of
Spin-Photon Coupling Effects in Paramag-
netic Crystals.
NsG-649 .............. Catholic University, T. TANAKA ............ 24,108
S 1 Anaylsis of Radiation Damage in Solar
Cells.
NGR 09-005-022 ....... Catholic University, B. T. D_.Czcco ......... 21,300
Genetic Study of Hydrogen Bacteria and
Their Application to Biological Life Support
Systems.
NsG(T)-39 ............ Catholic University, J. P. O'CONNOR ........ 230,400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NSR 09-131-001 ....... Elementary Science Project, J. C. PAzor. .... 18, 434
The Development and Testing of an Experi-
mental Community Oriented Adult Space
Literacy Project, Involving Culturally De-
prived Persons in Three Geographical Areas.
NASr-238 ............. Federation of American Societies for Ex- 40, 000
perimental Biology, P. L. ALTMAN.
The Accumulation, Analysis, Compilation
of Data, and Preparation of a Camera-Ready
of a Handbook on Environmental Biology.
NsG-428 .............. Georgetown University, W. J. THALER ........ 82, 106
S 3 Theoretical and Experimental Studies of
Radiation Absorptance and Emittance Char-
acteristics and Their Control for Potential
Space Vehicle Surface Materials.
NsG-(T)98 ............ Georgetown University, J. B. HORIGAN ........ 141, 600
S 1 Supporting the Training of Eight Predoc-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NAG--485 .............. George Washington University, C. W. SHILLING_ 53, 000
S 2 Scientific Communication Research in Space
Biology.
NAG-603 .............. George Washington University, N. FILIPESCU--- 28, 983
S 1 Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties of
Rare Earth Chelates in Solvents and Poly-
mers for Optical Masers.
NAG-603 .............. George Washington University, N. FILIPESCU___ 4, 000
S 2 Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties of
Rare Earth Chelates in Solvents and Poly-
mers for Optical Masers.
NsG--727 .............. George Washington University, V. ROCK ....... 300, 000
S 1 Policy Studies of Interest to the Govern-
ment-Industry-University Community.
NsG-(T)51 ............ George Washington University, A. E. BURNS___ 109, 800
S 2 Supporting the Training of Six Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NASr-171 ............. George Washington University, C. W. SHILLING_ 36, 117
A 1 Professional Supporting Services for the
Review and Evaluation of New Technology
Identified by the Technology Utilization Pro-
gram in the Biomedical Field.
NSR 09-010-019 ....... George Washington University, A. M. 1,600
ROTHROCK.
District of Columbia--Continued
NSR 09-015-018 ...... Smithsonian Institution, F. L. WHIPPLE ...... $99, 593
Data Analysis in Connection with the Na-
tional Geodetic Satellite Program.
NsG_5 ............... Society of Photographic Scientists and En- 38, 352
S 5 gtneers, N. GOODWIN.
Independent Tracking Coordination Pro-
gram.
R-104(01) ............ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, E. P. 372,000
A 1 BLIZARD.
Basic Theoretical and Experimental Studies
of Penetration of Space Vehicle Structural
Material by High Energy Radiation.
R-104 (02) ............ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, C. A. TOBXAe__ 506, 000
A 1 Studies of Heavily Ionizing Particles and
Space Biology.
R-104(03) ............ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, A. HOL- 150,000
A I LAENDER.
Research on Biological Effects of Proton
and Other Radiation; Directed Toward De-
velopment of Biosatelllte Experiments.
R-104(05) ............ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, S. GORDON .... 75, 000
A 1 Study of Effect of Gravity and Electrical
Fields on Plants, Especially with Clinostats.
R-104(06) ............ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, J. V. SLATER_ 20, 522
A 1 Conduct a Feasibility Study for an Experi-
ment Suitable for Use in a Biosatellite to De-
termine the Effect of the Space Environment
Complex on Insect Growth and Development.
R-104 (07) ............ U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, A. H. SPARROW 22, 000
A 1 and L. A. SCHAIR_.R.
Conduct Feasibility Studies for Experiments
Suitable for Use in a Blosatellite to Determine
the Influence of Space.
R-104(08) ............ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, R. C. VON- 156,000
A 1 BORSTEL and F. J. DESERRES.
Conduct Research and Development in Con-
nectlon with Two Biological Experiments for
Possible Inclusion on Blosatellite Environ-
ment on Mutation Process Using Controlled
Gamma Ray Exposures as a Standard.
R-104(09) ............ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, G. A. 190, 000
A 1 ANDREWS.
Conduct Retrospective Study of Radiation
Effects.
R 09-038-001 .......... U.S. Department of Agriculture, N. M. KOFFSKY- 75, 000
Study of the Potential Economic Benefits of
Agricultural Resource Surveys from Earth
Orbiting Research Laboratories.
R 09-040--001 .......... U.S. Department of Interior, T. C. ATCHESON__ 300, 000
Multldisciplinary Research Program Lead-
ing to the Utilization of Extraterrestrial
Resources.
R 09-020-009 .......... U.S. Department of Interior, H. E. SKIBITZKE--- 74,994
Conduct a Feasibility Study of Remote
Sensing of Hydrologic Phenomena from Orbit-
ing Vehicles.
R 09-020-013 .......... U.S. Department of the Interior, R. REEVES___ 30, 000
Remote Terrain Sensing.
R-3 .................. U.S. Library of Congress .................... 27, 500
A 2 Abstract and Index a Representative Selec-
tion of World Literature on Aerospace Medi-
cine and Biology.
APPENDIX M 225
District of Columbla_Continued
R 09-022-042 ......... U.S. National Bureau of Standards, B. L, $12,000
WILSON.
Conduct Investigations to Develop One or
More Methods for Making Mechanical Com-
pliance Measurements of Crack Toughness
Test Specimens and to Determine the Com-
pliance Characteristics and the Significant
Parameters of Selected Specimens with Sig-
nificant Precision that Comparisons can be
Made.
R 09-022-043 ......... U.S. National Bureau of Standards, G. 30, 000
SHAPIRO.
Develop Techniques for Evaluating the
Dynamic Measurements Capabilities of
Transducers Required for Advanced Missions.
R-33 ................. U.S. National Science Foundation, E. G. 32, 700
A 3 DROESSLER.
Support of the Rockets and Satellites Sub-
Center of the World Data Center.
R 09-023-010 ......... U.S. National Science Foundation, R. 75,000
FLEISCHER.
Balloon Expedition to India During IQSY
to Study Cosmic Rays.
R-131 ................ U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships, S. Q. DUNTLEY .... 110, 93_
A 1 Investigation of Visual Acuity of Astro-
nauts' Space Environment.
R-131 ................ U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships, S. Q. DUNTLEY .... 80,000
A 2 Investigation of Visual Acuity of Astro-
nauts' Space Environment.
R-131 ................ U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships, S. Q. DUNTLEY .... 68, 000
A 3 Investigation of Visual Acuity of Astro-
nauts' Space Environment.
R 09-029-036 .......... U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, M. J. KOOMEN- 130, 000
Observation of the White Light Corona
from a Rocket.
R-48 ................. U.S. Navy-Office of Naval Research, F. B. ISAK- 272, 106
A 5 SON.
Support of Twenty-Two Large Balloon and
Ten Small Balloon Flights to be Conducted by
NASA Sponsored Scientists.
R-91 ................. U.S. Navy-Office of Naval Research, S. GALLER_ 24, 00fi
A 1 Support of Bio-Telemetry Workshops and
an Advisory Council for Bio-Instrumentation
in Areas of Importance and Interest to NASA
and the Biological Community.
R-122 ................ U.S. Navy-Office of Naval Research, H W. HAYS- 20, 000
A 1 Partial Support for the Advisory Center on
Toxicology of the National Academy of Sci-
ences.
R-128 ................ U.S. Navy-Office of Naval Research, J. E. CON- 40, 000
A 1 nON.
Partial Support of the Interagency Re-
search Program in Statistical Quality Control
and Reliability.
R-144 ................ U.S. Navy-Office of Naval Research, S. OALLER_ 40, 000
A 1 Support of a Series of Interdisciplinary
Conferences on a Variety of Biological Sub-
Jects to be Organized by N. Y. Academy.
R 09-030-027 ......... U.S. Navy-Office of Naval Research, H. ENG- 65,040
STROM.
Provide Detailed Anatomical Information
of the Vestibular System Needed to Assess
Changes or Damage to that System from Pro-
longed Weightlessness or Excessive Stimula-
tion.
APPENDIX M 227
20 - 20 0-66--16
228 I_TASA THIRTEE_NTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Georgia :
NsG-545 .............. Emory University, T. FORT .................. $13, 981
S 1 Study of Differential Equations with Vary-
ing Difference Intervals and Differential Equa-
tions with Almos_ Periodic Coefficients.
NGR 11-001-009 ....... Emory University, V. P. PoPOVIC ............. 49, 241
Study of Cardiovascular Adaptation during
Long-Term Weightlessness.
NGR 11-001-012 ....... Emory University, B. W. ROBINSON .......... 100, O0O
Control and Analysis of Primate Behavior
by Brain Telestimulation and Telemetry.
NsG (T)-123 ........... Emory University, T. LESTER ................ 57, 600
S 1 Supporting the Training of Three Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG (T)-125 ........... University of Georgia, G. B. HUFF ............ 192, 000
S 1 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-304 .............. Georgia Institute of Technology, H. D. EDWARDS 111, O00
$2 Theoretical and Experimental Studies of
High Altitude Chemical Release, Using Digi-
tal Computing, Photochemical and Spectro-
photographic Analyses.
NsG-657 .............. Georgia Institute of Technology, V. CRAWFORD 300, 00O
S 1 and K. G. PICHA
Multidisciplinary Research in the Space
Sciences and Technology.
NGR 11-002-020 ...... Georgia Institute of Technology, K. L. Su .... 19, 640
Analytical and Experimental Investigation
of RC Distributed Networks.
NGR 11-002-028 ...... Georgia Institute of Technology, H. F. BAUER__ 21, 757
Investigation of the Coupling of Liquid with
Container Structures.
NGR 11-002-033 ...... Georgia Institute of Technology, C. S. MARTIN-- 16, 952
Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tion of the Hydrodynamics of Aircraft Tire
Hydroplaning.
NsG(T)-I ............ Georgia Institute of Technology, M. J. GOGLIA_._ 288, 00n
S 3 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
Hawaii :
NASr-5 ............... University of Hawaii, H. C. MCALI,ISTER ...... 142, 364
A 6 Research with the Ultimate Objective of De-
signing, Constructing and Testing an Echene
Spectrograph-Spectrometer for Use in Earth
Satellite.
NsG-328 .............. University of Hawaii, W. Polo and K. WATA- 35,000
S 1 NABS.
Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions of Electron Emission, Conductivity and
Luminescence of Selected Solids Under Vac-
uum Ultraviolet Excitation.
NsG-676 .............. University of IIawail, J. L. _VEINBERG ........ 71, 844
S 1 Photoelectric Study of the Night-Sky Radia-
tion from Zodiacal Light, Airglow and Star-
light.
NGR 12-001_012 ....... University of Hawaii, J. J. NAUGHTON ......... 20, 318
Elemental and Molecular Constituents in
Volcanic Volatile Systems, Emphasizing Com-
pounds of Biological Importance.
NSR 12-001-019 ....... University of Hawaii, J. T. JEF_.aI_.S ........ 475,000
Design, Development, Fabrication and In-
stallation of 84-inch Telescope Suitable for
Lunar, Planetary and Stellar Observations.
APPENDIX
M 229
Illinois_Continued
NsG-376 .............. University of Illinois, D. ALpERT ............ $101, 860
S 2 Theoretical and Experimental Studies of
the Underlying Processes and Techniques of
Low Pressure Measurement.
NsG-504 .............. University of Illinois, D. ALPERT ............ 100, 000
S 1 Study of Electron Density and Collision
Frequency Obtained from Differential Absorp-
tion and Faraday Rotation.
NsG-511 .............. University of Illinois, S. A. BOWHILL ......... 110, 000
S I Investigation of the D and E Regions of
the Ionosphere by Ground and Rocket Meth-
ods.
NGR-14-005-025 ....... University of Illinois, J. D. MORROW .......... 75, 231
Study of the Cause and Significance of
Accelerated Creep Resulting from Repeated
Stress Reversals.
NGR-14--005-032 ....... University of Illinois, H. H. KORST ........... 39, 100
Analytical Investigations of the Flow Mech-
anism in Ejectors and Thrust Augmentation
Devices.
NGR-14-005-036 ....... University of Illinois, R. G. HERING ........... 20, 713
Theoretical Study of Radiant Heat Ex-
change for Non-Gray, Non-Diffused Surfaces
in a Space Environment.
NsG(T)-24 ............ University of Illinois, D. ALPERT ............. 310, 500
2 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-694 .............. Illinois Institute of Technology, H. WEINSTEIN_ 10, 000
S 1 Turbulence Coefficients and Stability Stud-
ies for the Coaxial Flow of Dissimilar Fluids.
NGR-14-004-006 ....... Illinois Institute of Technology, T. P. TOREA__ 60, 000
Investigation of Liquid Propellants in High
Pressure and High Temperature Environ-
ments.
NsG (T)-25 ............ Illinois Institute of Technology, M. A. ELLIOTT_ 250, 700
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Predoe-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NASr-22 .............. IIT Research Institute, E. J. HAWRYLEWICZ___ 52, 424
A 4 Life in Extraterrestrial Environments.
NASr-65(01) .......... IIT Research Institute, W. O. DAVIES ......... 67, 500
A 5 Research on Radiative Energy Transfer on
Entry into the Atmosphere of Mars and Venus.
NASr-65(02) .......... IIT Research Institute, E. VEY .............. 70, 542
A 2 Conduct Experimental Investigations on
Simulated Lunar and Planetary Soils for the
Purpose of Providing Data on the Basic Prop-
erties of Such Soils.
NASr-65(06) .......... IIT Research Institute, C. A. STONE .......... 450, 000
A 2 Conduct Studies and Analyses of Space Sci-
ence Problems Related to the Planning and
Directing of NASA Lunar and Planetary Pro-
grams.
NASr-65(06) .......... IIT Research Institute, C. A. STONE ........... 37, 316
A 3 Conduct Studies and Analyses of Space Sci-
ence Problems Related to the Planning and Di-
recting of NASA Lunar and Planetary Pro-
grams.
NASr-65(06) .......... IIT Research Institute, C. A. STONE .......... 18, 720
A 4 Conduct Studies and Analyses of Space Sci-
ence Problems Related to the Planning and
Directing of NASA Lunar and Planetary Pro-
grams.
APPENDIX
M 231
Indiana_ontinued
NASr-162 ............. Indiana University, A. M. WEIMER ............ $400, 000
A 2 Pilot Program for Investigating Various
Techniques to Enhance the Utilization of
New Knowledge Related to or Stemming from
Aerospace Research and Technology.
NASr-232 ............. Indiana University, R. L. BENNERMAN ....... 4, 374
A 1 The Production of "Their Other World"
Series of Thirteen One-Half Hour Radio
Programs on Bioastronauties.
NsG-339 .............. University of Notre Dame, G. F. D'AL_LIO .... 57, 084
S 2 Synthesis of Heat Resistant Polymers and
Directed Polymerizations.
NSR 15-004-016 ....... University of Notre Dame, J. D. NICOLAIDES--- 16, 008
A Study of the Rolling Motion of the Aero-
bee 350.
NsG(T)-65 ............ University of Notre Dame, C. A. SOLETA ...... 192, 000
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NsG-301 .............. Purdue University, K. L. ANDREW ............ 79, 326
S 1 High Precision Spectroscopy with Appli-
cations to the Study of the Atomic Spectra
of the Carbon Group, to Secondary Standards
in the Vacuum Ultraviolet, and to the Devel-
opment of Computer Methods of Data
Analysis.
NsG-543 .............. Purdue University, G. R. COOPER ............. 48, 935
S 1 Study of Lunar Reflective Components of
Solar Radio Emission.
NGR-15-007-004 ....... Purdue University, P. F. Low ................ 32, 894
Effect of Water Properties in Thixotropic
Clay Systems on Biological Activity.
NsG(T)-27 ............ Purdue University, F. N. ANDREWS ........... 288, O00
S 2 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NGR-15-005-021 ....... Purdue University, F. N. ANDH_.WS .......... 600, 0O0
Multidisciplinary Research in Space-Related
Science and Engineering.
Iowa :
NsG-233 .............. University of Iowa, $. A. VAN ALLEN .......... 300° 00O
S 3 Theoretical and Experimental Studies Re-
lated to the Particles and l_telds Associated
with the Major Bodies of the Solar System
and with Interplanetary Space.
NsG-576 .............. University of Iowa, K. RIM .................. 18, 115
S 1 Two-Dimensional Elastic and Viscoelastic
Problems with Star-Shaped or Curvllinear
Polygonal Boundary.
NsG(T)-6 ............. University of Iowa, 0. A. HITCHCOCK ......... 264, 200
S 3 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-62 ............... Iowa State University, G. K. SEROVY .......... 32, 640
S 4 A Study and Investigation of the Applica-
tion of Blade-Element Techniques and Per-
formance Prediction Problems for Axial-Flow
Turbo-Machinery.
NsG(T)-35 ............ Iowa State University, J. B. PAo_ ............ 265, 500
S 2 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
_PE_ix M 233
• Kansas :
NsG-298 .............. University of Kansas, J. S. McNowN ........ $100, 000
S 3 Interdisciplinary Studies in Space Science
and Technology.
NsG(T)-55 ............ University of Kansas, J. S. McNow._ ......... 178, 500
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NSR-17-004--003 ....... University of Kansas, R. K. MOOR_ .......... 4@5, 040
A 2 Conduct Radar and _Iicrowave Radiometry
Investigations Related to Orbiting Research
Laboratories.
NSR-17-004-@03 ....... University of Kansas, R. K. MOORE ........... 19, 750
A 3 Conduct Radar and Microwave Radiometry
Investigations Related to Orbiting Research
Laboratories.
NsG(T)-54 ............ Kansas State University, W. L. STAMIY ...... 177, S00
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoe-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
Kentucky :
NsG-456 .............. University of Kentucky, K. LANGE and F. 300, 000
S 2 CLARK.
An Investigation of Gravity Level Prefer-
ence and the Effects of Gravitational Forces
on Small Animals and Primates, and of Tech-
niques for Related Space Flight Experiments.
NGR-18-001-008 ....... University of Kentucky, R. E. SMITH ......... 99, 933
Study Of Circadian Rhythms in Primates as
Influenced by Latitude, Longitude, Gravity,
and Confinement.
NGR-18-001-012 ....... University of Kentucky, P. A. THORNTON" ...... 33, 486
An Investigation of Skeletal Response to
Immobilization.
lqsG(T)-122 ........... University of Kentucky, A. D. KIRWAN ........ 153, 600
S 1 Supporting the Training of Eight Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NGR-18-002-007 ....... University of Louisville, E. FOULKE ......... 20, 000
Study of Use of Location and Location-
Intensity Patterns in Electro-Cutaneous
Communication.
_1GR-18-002-007 ....... University of Louisville, E. FOULK_ .......... 1, 645
,S 1 Study of Use of Location and Location-
Intensity Patterns in Electro-Cutaneous Com-
munication.
NsG(T)-136 ......... University of Louisville, R. L. BARBER ....... 95, 400
Supporting the Training of Five Predoc-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
Louisiana ;
NGR-19-001-009 ....... Louisiana State University, A. U. l_A._noL____ 22, 607
Investigation of Luminosity Criteria in 0
and of Stars.
NGR-19-001-011 ....... Louisiana State University, A. ZETTL ........ 4, 890
Hermetian and Anti-Hermetian Properties
of Green's Functions.
NsG(T)-19 ............ Louisiana State University, M. GOODRICH ...... 1"(0, 800
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NGR-19-005-001 ....... Southern University, 1. V. NEL_UN ............ 10:558
Effect of Foreign Ligands on the Behavior
of Metal Ions in Non-Aqueous Solvents.
234 NASA THIRTEE_ITH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Louisiana--Continued
NsG(T)-84 ............ Tulane University, J. L. SNELL .............. $198, 000
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
Maine :
NsG-338 .............. University of Maine, T. H. CURRY ............ 75, 000
S 2 Interdisciplinary Studies in Space-Related
Science and Technology.
NsG(T)-ll6 ........... University of Maine, F. P. E_RT ............ 97, 400
S 1 Supporting the Training of Five Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
Maryland :
NsG-450 .............. Institute for Behavioral Research, I. GOLDIA- 64, 000
S 3 MOND and C. B. F_RSTER.
Experimental Studies of Perceptual Proc-
esses.
NsG--193 .............. Johns Hopkins University, G. H. DIEKE ...... 340, 000
S 4 Rocket and Laboratory Experiments and
Analysis on the Ultraviolet Spectra of the
Upper Atmosphere.
NsG-361 .............. Johns Hopkins University, G. H. DIEK]$ .... 50,00_
S 2 Theoretical and Experimental Investigation
of the Fundamental Properties of Rare Earth
Crystals.
NsG-520 .............. Johns Hopkins University, J. PEREz-CSUET .... 35, 000
S 1 Psychocardiovascular Reactions During
Conditions of Weightlessness in an Orbiting
Satellite.
NsG(T)-53 ............ Johns Hopkins University, G. W. SHAFF_.R .... 2_4, 600
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NsG-5 ................ University of Maryland, E. Mason and J. 33, 000
S 3 VANDERSLICE.
Massachusetts :
NSR 22-100-001 ....... J. G. Beckeriey, J. G. BECKERLEY ............ $2, 40_
Significant Achievements During Six Years
of Space Research.
NsG(T)-120 ........... Boston College, J. A. DEVENNY .............. 61, 200
S 1 Supporting the Training of Three Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NsG-246 .............. Boston University, G. S. HAWKINS ........... 12, 000
S 3 Study of Lunar Craters and Their Relation
to Meteorites and Asteroids.
NsG(T)-107 ........... Boston University, R. S. BEAR ............... 106, 200
S 1 Supporting the Training of Six Predoctoral
Graduat_ Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NsG-375 .............. Brandeis University, N. O. KAPLAN ........... 50, 000
S 2 A Comparative Study of the Evaluation of
Enzymes and Nucleic Acids.
NsG-612 .............. Brandeis University, S. P. HEI._IS ............ 26, 000
S 1 Theoretical Studies in Statistical Me-
chanics, Particularly as Related to Rotation
Phenomena.
_sG(T)-ll2 ........... Brandeis University, H. WEISBERG ............ 115, 200
S 1 Supporting the Training of Six Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NsG(T)-93 ............ Clark University, D. E. L_E ................. 43, 000
S 1 Supporting the Training of Three Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NsCr-262 .............. Harvard University, W. H. SWEZT ........... 20, 000
S 3 Interdisciplinary Studies of the Effects of
High Protons on Biologic Systems, Including
Participation in the Nationwide Cooperative
Study on Shielding Materials as Related to
the Apollo Mission.
NsG-282 .............. Harvard University, C. FRONDEL ............. 72, 916
S 1 Research on Mineral Constituents of
Meteorites.
NsG-438 .............. Harvard University, L. GOLDBERG ............ 327, 162
S 2 Theoretical and Experimental Studies in
Ultraviolet Solar Physics.
NsG-579 .............. Harvard University, R. W. P. KING .......... 2_, 000
S 2 Investigation of the Radiation and Circuit
Properties of Satellite-Borne V-Antenna.
NsCr-679 .............. Harvard University, D. M. HEGSTED .......... 21, 894
S 1 Investigation of the Roles of Fluoride and
Adaption in the Conversion of Bone Mate-
rials.
NsG-685 .............. Harvard University, A. E. LILLEY ............ 28, 000
S 1 Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions in Radio Astronomy.
NsG-685 .............. Harvard University, A. E. LILLEY ........... 72, 302
S 2 Long Wavelengths Extension of Solar Radio
Burst Observations.
NsG(T)-89 ............ Harvard University, R. A. MCFARLAND ....... 71, 200
S 1 MD Training in Aerospace Medicine and
Btoastronauties for Three Physicians.
NASty158 ............ Harvard Uniwrsity, G. S. HAWKINS .......... 269, 974
A 4 The Investigation of Properties, Flux, and
Trajectories of Meteors.
NSR 22-008-002 ....... Lowell Institute Cooperative Broadcasting 130, 000
Council, D. M. DAvis.
The Production of a Series of Thirteen 28-
Minute Educational Television Programs,
Entitled "Science Reporter."
APPENDIX
M 237
Massachusetts-_Continued
NsG-234 .............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, J. F. $150,000
S 3 REINTJES.
Investigation of Radar Techniques and
Devices Suitable for the Exploration of
Planet Venus.
NsG-235 .............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, D.G. 150, 04)0
S 2 MARQUIS and E. B. ROBERTS.
Research in Organizational and Manage-
ment Concepts Suitable for Large-Scale Tech-
nology-Based Enterprises with Particular
Applications to NASA.
NsG-334_ .............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, J.M. 100, 000
S 2 WOZENCRAFT.
Techniques of Communication in the Space
Environment.
NsG-368 .............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, H.H. 58, 003
S 2 WOODSON.
Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions in Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) and
Wave-Type Magnetohydrodynamies (MHD).
NsG-386 .............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, B. 410, 666
S 2 RossI.
Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions of the Interplanetary Medium and in
Gamma-Ray Astronomy.
NsG_19 .............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, A.H. 230,000
S 2 BARRETT.
Electromagnetic Investigations of Plane-
tary and Solar Atmosphere and Lunar Sur-
face, Including Balloon-Borne Experiments
and Constructions of Laboratory Prototype
Instrumentation.
NsCr-462 .............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, F.O. 149, 844
S 2 SCH MITT.
Partial Support of Multidisctplinary
Studies in Neurosciences.
NASr-249 ............. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, J.V. 175, 000
A I HARRINGTON.
Investigations Directed to Measuring Elec-
tron Densities and Magnetic Field Distribu-
tion in the Extended Solar Corona.
NsG-(T)137 ........... Massachusetts University, E. C. MOORE ....... 118, 100
Supporting the Training of Six Prednctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NsG-(T)64 ............ Northeastern University, A. A. VERNON ........ 65, 500
S 2 Supporting the Training of Four Predoc-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-(T)103 ........... Tufts University, P. L. FLINT ............... 68, 800
S 1 Supporting the Training of Four Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
R-125 ................ U.S.A.F. Cambridge Research Laboratory, R.K. 15, 430
A 1 SOBER.MAN.
Construct, Test and Analyze Data for a
Noctilucent Cloud Dust Collection Payload to
be Flown on a Nike-CaJon Rocket.
R 22-015-004 ......... U.S. Army Natick Laboratories .............. 29, 600
Develop Freeze Dried Food for Space Use
Having Maximum Acceptability, Variety,
and Nutrition with Minimum Storage Volume.
APPENDIX
M 239
• :_ -..--
240 NASA THIRTEE_TTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
Michigan-_3ontinued
NsG(T)-5 ............. University of Michigan, 1_. D. MIDLI_R ........ $288,000
S 3 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NASr-54(03) .......... University of Michigan, L. M. JONES .......... 400, 000
A 2 Laboratory and Flight Experimental Tech-
niques Directed Toward Obtaining Data to be
Used in Interpreting TIROS and NIMBUS
Satellite Radiation Measurements.
NASr-54(05) .......... University of Michigan, L. M. JONES ......... 370, 000
A 4 A Rocket Experimental Program in
Aeronomy.
NASr-54(06) .......... University of Michigan, R. M. HOWE .......... 135,000
A 2 Development of On-Line Man-Machine Sys-
tem Performance Measurement and Display
Techniqucs.
NASr-54(07) .......... University of Michigan, J. A. NICHOLLS ...... 100,000
A 1 Studies of Detonation Phenomena and Its
Relation to Liquid Rocket Motor Combustion
Instability.
NASr-54(09) .......... University of Michigan, A. TESKE ........... 20, 100
Conduct a Design Study of a Visual
Coronagraph Suitable for Operation in a
Manned Earth-Orbiting Vehicle.
NSR 23-005-085 ....... University of Michigan, O. C. MOHLER ....... 18, 800
The Design of an Improved Spectrohelio-
scope Utilizing Modern Components and De-
sign Technology.
NsG(T)-58 ............ Michigan State University, M. E. MUELDER .... 230, 400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NGR 23-007-001 ....... Michigan Technological College, C. E. WORK__ 13, 124
Investigation of the Influence of Cyclic Pre-
stressing on Fatigue of Metals.
NsG(T)-102 ........... Wayne State University, R. M. WHALEY ...... 95, 400
S 1 Supporting the Training of Six Predoetoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
Minnesota :
NASr-81 .............. General Mills, Inc., S. P. JONES .............. 2,424
A 1 Research to Determine the Existence and
Identity of Viable Microorganisms in the
Stratosphere.
NsG-327 .............. Mayo Foundation, E. H. WOOD .............. 124, 902
S 3 Studies of the Effects of Acceleration on
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Dynamics.
NsG-137 .............. University of Minnesota, E. M. SFARROW ..... 13, 140
S 1 Research on Radiation Heat Transfer.
NsG-281 .............. University of Minnesota, J. R. WINCKLER and 400, 000
S 2 E.P. NEY.
Studies of Cosmic Rays, Astrophysics, and
Energetic Electrons in Space, Including
Balloon and Rocket Flight Experiments.
NsG-28_ .............. University of Minnesota, A. O. C. NIER ...... 231, 743
S 1 Research on Mass Spectrometric Tech-
niques for the Study of Planetary and Upper
Atmosphere Composition.
NsG-517 .............. University of Minnesota, F. HALEER(] ......... 82, 500
S I Spectra of Metabolic Rhythms in Inbred
C Mice as Temporal Gauge of Mammalian
Performance in Extraterrestrial Space for the
Purpose of Defining and Verifying an Experi-
ment Suitable for Use in Blosatellites.
APPENDIX
M 241
Mississippi---Continued
NsG(T)-139 ........... University of Southern Mississippi, R. S. $38, 400
OWINGS.
Supporting the Training of Two Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
Missouri :
_NASr-63(03) .......... Midwest Research Institute, E. SNEEGAS ...... 252, 784
A 5 Acquire and Evaluate Space Generated
Technical Information for Industrial Poten-
tial, for Reporting to NASA and Dissemina-
tion to Midwest Industry.
NASr-63(07) .......... Midwest Research Institute, Y. L. LUKE ...... 48, 333
A 1 Research on the Nonlinear Dynamics of
Thin Shells and Plates Directed Toward Im-
proving Analytical Methods for Predicting
Their Nonlinear Response Characteristics.
NGR 26-004--011 ....... University of Missouri, Columbia, C. W. 10, 000
GEHRKE.
Gas Chromatographic Techniques for the
Identification and Study of Nucleosides.
NsG(T)-60 ............ University of Missouri, Columbia, H. E. BENT__ 224, 400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NSR 26--001-003 ........ University of Missouri, Kansas City, D. 214, 422
WILLIAMS.
Production of Ten Educational Films of
NASA Supported Research Scientists in
Selected Universities at Work.
NGR 26-004-014 ....... University of Missouri, Rolla, J. P. WESLEY_- 8, 881
Study of the Application of Thermodynamic
Principles to Estimate the Likelihood of Life
in the Solar System.
NsG(T)-59 ............ University of Missouri, Rolla, W. BOSCH ...... 115,400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Six Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NSR 26-003-003 ....... University of Missouri, Rolla, J. L. ZAKIN .... 34, 696
Study of Intensity of Turbulence in Drag
Reducing and Non-Drag Reducing Organic
Solutions.
NsG(T)-74 ............ Saint Louis University, H. HOwE ............ 175, 500
S 2 Supporting tile Training of Ten Pr_,doetoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NsG-342 .............. "_Vashington University, H. J. BARNETT ...... 150, 000
S 1 Analyses of the Impact of Space Activities
on tile National Economy.
NsG-5,ql .............. Wasi_ington University, G. E. PAKE ......... 300, 000
S 1 University-Wide Research Program in ttle
Space-Related Sciences and Engineering.
NsG(T)-86 ............ Washington University, G. E. PA_(E ........... 251, 400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Predoc-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
Montana :
NsG-562 .............. Montana State College, C. P. QU_S_Nn_:RRY .... 16, 320
S 1 Investigations of Non-Parametric Discrimi-
nation Theory and Procedures Applicable to
Problems in Electronic Component Screening.
NsG(T)-ll3 ........... Montana State College, L. DE. SMITH ........ 102, 300
S 1 Supporting the Training of Five Predoctoral
Students in Space-Related Sciences and
Technology.
APPENDIX M 243
207-820 O-66-- 17
244 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
NsG-594 .............. Seton Hall College of Medicine and Dentistry, $67, 624
S 1 C.M. LEEvY and G. R. CHERRICK.
An Investigation of the Effects of Ionizing
Radiation on Biologic Systems and Related
Metabolic Processes.
NsG-596 .............. Stevens Institute of Technology, W.H. 40, 000
S 1 BOSTICK.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation
of Turbulence Instabilities at Plasma and
Magnetic Field Interfaces.
NGR 31-003-020 ....... Stevens Institute of Technology, H. MEISSNER_ 15, 004)
Proximity Effects Between Superconduct-
ing and Normal Metals.
NsG(T)-77 ............ Stevens Institute of Technology, R. A. MORGEN- 144, O00
S 2 Supporting the Training of Eight Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NSR-31_)03-016 ....... Stevens Institute of Technology, I. R. EHRLICH_ 59, 984
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of
Aircraft Tire Hydroplaning.
R 31-010_001 .......... U.S. Army Electronics Command ............ 160, 00O
Modification and Use of APQ 97 Radar in
an Army YEA 3A Aircraft.
New Mexico
NGR-32-001-004 ....... Lovelace Foundation, A. H. SCHWICHTENBERG-- 28, 200
Investigations of Flight-Related Physical,
Psychophyslological and Cardiorespiratory
Stresses.
NASr-ll5 ............. Lovelace Foundation, E. M. ROTH ............ 318, 171
A 2 The Preparation of an Atlas of Aerospace
Medical Information required to Support
Manned Space Flight.
NsG-332 .............. University of New Mexico, C. P. LEAVITT ..... 72,450
S 2 Measurement of High Energy Neutron
Flux in Space.
NsG-_66 .............. University of New Mexico, V. H. REGENER .... 108, 984
S 1 Experimental Techniques for Making Zodi-
acal-Light Observations from an Orbiting So-
lar Observatory.
NsG(T)-62 ............ University of New Mexico, A. ROSENZWEI0--- 149, 1O0
S 2 Supporting the Training of Eight Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
1_SR-32-004--013 ....... University of New Mexico, H. L. ENARSON .... 76, 064
A Program to Accelerate the Industrial Ap-
plication of Aerospace Related Technology.
NsG-142 .............. New Mexico State University, C. W. TOMBAUGH- 114, 955
S 4 Photographic, Photoelectric and Spectro-
graphic Observations and Studies of the
Planets.
NsG-372 .............. New _Mexico State University, R. LIEFELD ...... 24, 041
S 2 Theoretical and Experimental Studies in
Long Wave Length X-ray Spectroscopy.
NsG(T)-129 ........... New Mexico State University, E. WALDEN .... _161, 800
S 1 Supporting the Training of Eight Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
New York :
NsG-394 .............. Adelphi University, D. E. CUN_XNGHAM ...... 80, 000
S 2 Multldiscipltnary Research in Space-Re-
iate_l Sciences and Technology.
NsG(T)-90 ............ Adelphi University, M. C. MCC_RILLIES ..... 79,900
S 1 Supporting the Training of Four Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
246 NASA THIRTEENTH SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
New York--Continued
NSR 33-001-008 ....... Adelpht University, D. E. CUNNINGHAM ...... $45, 000
A study of NASA-University Relationships.
NsG(T)-lll ........... Alfred University, J. F. McMAHo._ .......... 26,400
S 1 Supporting the Training of Two Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NASr-130 ............. American Institute of Aeronautics and AstrO- 273, 125
A 6 nauties, J. J. GLENNON.
Preparation and Publication of Interna-
tional Aerospace Abstracts.
NSR 33-027-001 ....... American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 10, 000
W. E. CAMPBELL.
Prepare and Publish a Critical Appraisal
of World Literature on Boundary Lubrica-
tion.
NsG-197 .............. City College of New York, R. I. WOLFF ...... 3_l, 500
S 3 Support of Theoretical Research.
NGR 33-013--009 ....... City College of New York, R. SHINNAR ...... 49, 610
Study of Atomization of Viscoelastic
Fluids.
NGR 33-013-011 ....... City College of New York, D. H. CHANG ..... 20, 866
Dynamic Response of Structural Elements
to Sonic Booms.
NGR 33-013-017 ....... City College of New York, M. EOLODNEY and 86, 167
R. A. GRAFF.
Study of Oxidation Protection of Colum-
bium and Tantalum.
NsG(T)-109 ........... City University of New York, M. REtSS ..... 118, 800
S 1 Supporting the Training of Six Predoe-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NsG(T)-101 ........... Clarkson College of Technology, H. L. SHUL- 82, 800
S 1 MAN.
Supporting the Training of Four Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NsG-229 .............. Columbia University, J. E. NAFE ........... 85, 600
S 6 Support of a Summer Program in Space
Physics and in Space Science and Engineer-
lng.
NsG-229 .............. Columbia University, J. E. NAFE ............. 4, 1O0
S 7 Support of a Summer Institute in Space
Physics and in Space Science and Engineer-
ing.
NsG-294 .............. Columbia University, E. S. MACHLIN ......... 40, 000
S 3 Field Ion Microscopy Study of Lattice De-
fects in Metals.
NsG-302 .............. Columbia University, R. A. GROSS .......... 35, 000
S 2 Theoretical Research in Plasma Physics.
NsG-360 .............. Columbia University, R. NOVICK ............ 57, 970
S 2 Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions of Helium and Lithium Atoms and
Ions with Emphasis on Excited Energy Levels
and the Mechanism of Energy Transfer from
Metastable States.
NsG-442 .............. Columbia University, H. M. FOLEY ......... 30, 000
S 2 Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions of the Microwave Properties of Plane-
tary Atmospheres.
NGR 33-008-037 ....... Columbia University, J. E. NAFE ........... _1, 500
Theoretical and Experimental Geology and
Geophysics.
NGR 33-008-053 ....... Columbia University, L. WOLTJ_R ............ 19, 920
Research in Theoretical Astrophysics.
APPENDIX
NI 247
New York--Continued
NAG-699 .............. New York University, S. BOR0WITZ .......... $14, 000
S 1 Selected Topics in Atomic Physics.
NGR 33-016-038 ....... New York University, H. FREEMAN ........... _, 982
Investigation of Computer Techniques for
Analyzing Three-Dimensional Geometric Con-
figurations.
NGR 33-016-057 ....... New York University, M. A. RUDEBMAN ...... 21, 118
Selected Topics in Astrophysics.
NGR 33-016-066 ....... New York University, S. P. SH_N ............ 18, 498
Study of High Energy Nuclear Reactions
and Space Radiation Shielding.
NaG(T)--40 ............ New York University, J. R. RAGAzzINI ........ 256, 000
S 2 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NASr-183 ............. New York University, C. J. MARSEL ......... 56, 000
A 2 Investigation of the Chemical Kinetics of
an Advanced High Energy Propellant .Sys-
tem.
NGR 33-015-013 ....... State University of New York, R. P. TEWARSON_ 16, 128
Product Form of Inverses of Sparse Ma-
trices.
NsG(T)-ll9 ........... State University of New York, K. D. HARTZELL- 64, 600
S 1 Supporting the Training of Three Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NsG-409 .............. Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, M. H. 75, 000
S 1 PBLOOM.
Theoretical and Experimental Investiga-
tions in the Electromagnetic, Radiative and
Thermo-dynamle Properties of Ionized l_lows
of Gases, and in Plasma Boundary Conditions
at Conducting and Non-Conducting Walls.
NAG-589 .............. Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, J. H 73, 556
S 1 JURETSCHKE.
Theoretical and Experimental _tudles of
the Electronic Propertses of Thin Films.
NGR 33-006-017 ....... Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, G. OSTER__ 29, 418
Study of Photosensltized Decomposition
of Hydroperoxides.
NaG(T)-71 ............ PolyteChnic Institute of Brooklyn, E. WEBER_ 288, 000
S 2 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Predoc-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NASr-78 .............. Radiation Applications, Inc., G. OOIAN ........ 2, 782
A 3 Conducting Research on Radiation-Induced
Plastic Memory in Polymers Suitable for
Self-Erecting Space Structures.
NAG--100 .............. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, S. E. WIB- 300, 04)0
.S 5 ERLEY.
Interdisciplinary Materials Research Pro-
gram.
NAG-113 .............. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, J. M. GREEN- 35, 100
S 2 BERG.
Study of Interstellar Clouds and Extinction
and Polarization in tile Ultraviolet.
NAG-261 .............. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, P. HARTECK_ 114, 000
S 1 Chemistry of Planetary Atmospheres.
NAG-290 .............. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, J. C. COB- 65,000
S 2 ELLI and H. B. HUNTINGTON.
Studies of Radiation Damage to Semi-Con-
ductors and Thin Metallic Films by High-
Energy Electron, Proton, and Neutron-Gamma
Radiation.
APPZNDIX M 249
North Carolina :
NsG 152 ............. Duke University, T. G. WILSON ...........
$57, 782
Ohio--Continued
NsG(T)-66 ............ Ohio State University, R. ARMITAGD .......... $177, 004)
S 2 Supporting the Training of Ten Predoetoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NSR-36-008-028 ....... Ohio State University, A. W. LEISSA .......... 58, 2#94
Study of Continuum Vibrations.
NSR-36-008-033 ....... Ohio State University, I. I. I_UELLER .......... 36, 980
Data Analysis in Connection with the Na-
tional Geodetic Satellite Program.
NsG (T)-104 ........... University of Toledo, A. N. SOLBERG ........... 75, 000
S 1 Supporting the Training of Five Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
R-115 ................ U.S.A.F. Aerospace Medical Research Labora- 50, 000
A 1 tories, M. SNYDER.
Partial Support for an Air Force Project
Leading to the Development of a Methodology
fur Providing a Computerized Data Bank for
Manipulation and Analysis of Information Re-
lated to Space Task Descriptions.
R-36_)11--014 ......... U.S.A.F. Aerospace Medical Research Labora- 139,796
tories, W. J. Evo_.
Design and Construct an Experimental
Tank for Orientation of Subcritical Cryogenic
Fluids in a Weightless Environment.
R-36--015_)01 ......... U.S. Department of Health, Education, and 104,640
Welfare, K. H. LEWIS.
Conduct an Investigation of the Ecology
and Thermal Inactivation of Microbes in and
on Space Vehicle Components.
NsG-653 .............. Western Reserve University, B. S. CHANDRA- 30, 000
S 1 SEKHAR.
Pennsylvania--Continued
NSR 39-020-001 ....... Metropolitan Pittsburgh Educational Televi- $124,445
sion, Inc.
"NASA on Space" Television Series.
NsG-316 .............. University of Pennsylvania, M. ALTMAN ...... 275, 000
S 3 Research in Conversion of Various Forms
of Energy by Unconventional Techniques.
NsG-325 .............. University of Pennsylvania, J. O'M. BOCKRIS_- 299, 915
S 3 Studies in Fundamental Chemistry of Fuel
Cell Reactions.
NsG-335 .............. University of Pennsylvania, E. THOI{OGOOD .... 17, 443
S 1 Molecular Biology of Nitrogen Fixing
Nodules in Common Legumes.
NsG-500 .............. University of Pennsylvania, S. SOBIESK! ...... 1, 863
S 1 Study of Improved Methods for the Investi-
gation of the Infrared Spectrum.
NGR 39-010-030 ....... University of Pennsylvania, R. M. S_OWERS__ 40, 000
Investigations in and Evaluation of Aero-
space-Related Microwave- Technology.
NGR 39-010-031 ...... University of Pennsylvania, S. SOBIESKI ...... 7, 000
A 1 Near Infrared Spectrophotometric Studies
at the May 1965 Total Solar Eclipse.
NGR 39-010-032 ...... University of Pennsylvania, W. M. PROTHEROE__ 23, 695
Coronal and Chromospheric Studies of the
May 1965 Total Solar Eclipse.
NsG-(T)69 ............ University of Pennsylvania, A. N. HIXSON .... 288,000
S 2 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NASr-191 ............ University of Pennsylvania, P. S. BALAS ...... 175, 299
A 2 Support of the Power Information Center
at the University of Pennsylvania.
NASr-191 ............. University of Pennsylvania, P. S. BALAS ...... 25, 000
A 3 Support of the Power Information Center
at the University of Pennsylvania.
NsO-114 .............. Pennsylvania State University, W. J. Ross 20, 400
S 2 and J. HAGEN.
Study of Ionospheric Electron Content and
_Distribution Using the Satellite Doppler
Effect.
NsG-114 .............. Pennsylvania State University, W. J. R_ss .... 26, 640
S 3 Studies Using Beacon Satellite Transmis-
sions.
NsG-134 .............. PennsylwLnia State University, J. S. NISBET .... 178, 07,5
S 4 Research on Electron Densities in the Upper
Ionosphere, Including Studies of a Rocket and
Separating Capsule Exemptional Techniques.
NsG-537 .............. Pennsylvania State University, G. F. WISLI- 30, 000
S 1 CENUS.
Investigations and Analyses of Flow Phe-
nomena of Secondary Motions in Axial Flow
Inducers.
NGR 39-009-031 ....... Pennsylvania State University, J. P. HAOEN--- 47, 220
Feasibility Study of an Orbiting Low-Fre-
quency Radio Astronomy Satellite.
NGR 39-009-032 ....... Pennsylvania State University, B. R. F. KEN- 31, 464
DALL.
Study and Evaluation of the Constant-Mo-
mentum Mass Spectrometer for Ion Analysis
in the D and E Regions of the Ionosphere.
NGR 39-099-033 ....... Pennsylvania State University, B. W. McColt- 3, 210
MICK.
Measurements on Ground-Effects, Machine,
GEM III.
APPENDIX M 255
NGR 39-009-034 ....... Pennsylvania State University, J. MARIN ..... $24, 971
Study of Low Cycle Fatigue Under Multi-
axial Strain Cycling.
NGR 39-009-041 ....... Pennsylvania State University, A. M. KRALL___ 15, 480
Stabilization of Differential Systems.
NGR 39-009-04_ ....... Pennsylvania State University, K. VEDAM ..... 31,937
Mechanism and Kinetics of Oxidation of
Silicon in Air.
NSR 39-009-049 ....... Pennsylvania State University, O. E. LAN- 52, 600
CASTER.
Rhode Island--Continued
NsG(T)-72 ............ University of Rhode Island, R. H. NASH ...... $70, 800
S 2 Supporting the Training of Four Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
South Carolina :
NGR_I-001-008 ....... Clemson University, J. C. MARTIN ............ 42, 870
Investigation of the Use of Stellar Refer-
ences for Automatic Orientation of Theodo-
lite Platforms.
NsG(T)--44 ............ Clemson University, H. H. MACAULAY ........ 117, 600
S 2 Supporting the Training of Six Predoctoral
Graduate Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
NGR-41-O02_)01 ....... University of South Carolina, T. F. BRIDGLAND- 20, 384
Study of Optimal Feedback Control.
NGR-41-002-003 ....... University of South Carolina, J. R. DUEIG ..... 23, 820
Infrared Spectra of Molecules and Materials
of Astro-Physical Interest.
NsG(T)-ll5 ........... University of South Carol!na, R. H. WIENEF_LD- 118, O00
S 1 Supporting the Training of Six Predoctoral
Graduate 1Students in Space-Related Sciences
and Technology.
R-124 ................ U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, S. P. RIDEOUT- 67, 000
A 1 Conduct an Investigation of Stress Corro-
sion Cracking of Alloy Ti 8 AI,-IV.
South Dakota :
NsG(T)-138 ........... University of South Dakota, W. W. GUTZMAN-- 62, 800
Supporting the Training of Three Pre-
doctoral Gradute Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
Tennessee :
NsG-351 .............. University of Tennessee, J. C. HUNG .......... 25, 0OO
S 3 Investigations in Control System Theory.
NsG-539 .............. University of Tennessee, N. M. GAILAR ........ 98, 247
S 1 Theoretical and Experimental Very High
Resolution Spectroscopic Studies of Line
Shapes of Atmospheric Gases and of Absorp-
tion Bands of Inorganic Solids.
NsG-587 .............. University of Tennessee, W. K. STAIR ...... 30, 074
S 1 Theoretical and Experimental Studies of
Vlsco-Type Shaft Seals.
NsG--671 .............. University of Tennessee, D.C. BoGum ........ 8, 307
S 1 Study of Constitutive Equations in Two-
Dimensional Flow.
NGR--43-001-018 ...... University of Tennesee, J. E. SPRUIELL ...... 19, 950
Experimental and Theoretical Investiga-
tion of the Relation between Structure and
the Physical Properties of Metallic Solid
Solutions.
NsG(T)-81 ............ University of Tennessee, H. A. SMITH ........ 212, 400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG(T)-85 ............ Vandcrbilt University, L. B. BEACH .......... 194, 400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
Texas :
Texas---Continued
NSR 44-006-023 ....... Rice University, R. C. HAYES ................ $98, 955
A Definitive Test of the Theory that Attri-
butes the Solar-Quiet-Day Variation to an
Ionospheric Current System.
NSR 44-006-031 ....... Rice University, A. J. DESSLER .............. 11, 960
Conduct a Study of Space Science Training
for Astronauts Involved in NASA Manned
Space Flight Missions.
NsG-708 .............. Southern Methodist University, G. W. CRAW- 52, 000
S 1 FonD.
Study of Semiconductor-Dosimeter Charac-
teristics, as Applied to the Problems of Whole
Body Dosimetry.
NsG-711 .............. Southern Methodist University, H. A. BLUM___ 16, 050
S 1 Study of Heat Transfer Across Surfaces in
Contact.
NGR 44-007-006 ....... Southern Methodist University, C. C. ALBRIT- 200, O00
TON.
Multidiseiplinary Research in Space-
Related Science and Technology.
NsG-(T)99 ............ Southern Methodist University, C. C. ALBRIT- 72, 00O
S 1 TON.
Supporting the Training of Four Predoe-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NASr-94(02) .......... Southwest Research Institute, H. ft. KORP ...... 110, OO0
A 3 Evaluation and Bringing to Industrial or
or Commercial Fruition, Technological De-
velopments Resulting from the Nation's Space
Effort.
NASr-94(06) .......... Southwest Research Institute, U. S. LINDHOLM 59, 482
A 1 and W. C. L. Hu.
Investigations of Dynamics of Shells of
Arbitrary Geometry.
NsG-239 .............. Texas A&M University, H. E. WHITe, ORE ...... 150, 000
S 3 Interdisciplinary Space-Oriented Research
Program in the Physical, Life, and Engineer-
ing Sciences.
NGR 44-001-024 ....... Texas A&M University, H. A. LUTHER ........ 40, 860
Comparative Study of Some Numerical So-
lutions of Systems of Ordinary Differential
Equations.
NGR 44-001-027 ....... Texas A&M University, A. W. WORTHAM ....... 51, 103
Determination of Empirical and Analytical
Spacecraft Parametric Curves.
NsG-(T)8 ............. Texas A&M University, W. C. HAL r'........... 288, 00O
S 3 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Predoc-
toral Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
NGR 44-009-003 ....... Texas A&M University, E. B. ELAM ........... 22, 0O0
Integration of Stimulus Cues in Control
Decisions.
NGR 44-009-008 ...... Texas Christian University, S. B. SELLS ...... _7, 840
Study of Social Structure and Group Be-
havior in Extended Duration Space Missions.
NsG-(T)105 ........... Texas Christian University, J. M. MouI)Y ...... 74, 800
S 1 Supporting the Training of Four Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-(T)82 ............ Texas Technological College, F. D. RIGBY ...... 135, 500
S 2 Supporting the Training of Eight Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
APPENDIX IV£ 259
Vermont : o
NOR 46-001_)08 ...... University of Vermont, C. D. COOK .......... $300, 000
Multidiscipltnary Research Program in
Space Sciences and Engineering with Particu-
lar Emphasis on Bio-Engineering.
NGR 46-001-014 ....... University of Vermont, B. E. MESZRVE ...... 9, 876
Partial Support of Summer Seminar in
Space Oriented Mathematics.
NsG(T)_-28 ............ University of Vermont, W. H. MACMILLAN .... 93,000
S 2 Supporting the Training of Five Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
Virginia :
NASr-10 .............. Hazleton Laboratories, Inc., G. V. LEVINE .... 52, 362
A 8 Radioisotoptc Biochemical Probe for Extra-
terrestrial Life Detection.
NsG-396 .............. Hollins College, R. C. BOLLES .............. 29, 400
S 1 Study of Temporal Factors Controlling
Animal Activity.
NsG-266 .............. Medical College of Virginia, J. L. PATTERSON-- 14, 432
S 2 Physiological Effects of Labyrinthine Stim-
ulation.
NGR 47-002-005 ...... Medical College of Virginia, W. T. HA_X! ...... 59,954
Radiation Hazards to the Eye.
NsG-602 .............. Old Dominion College, W. M. PRITCHARD .... 4, 500
S 1 Defect Annealing in Irradiated Semicon-
ductors.
R 47-009-4)06 ......... U.S. Army-Corp of Engineers, J. GILLIS ...... 347, 760
Determine the Mapping Capability of Orbit-
ing Spacecraft.
NSR 47-007-003 ....... Virginia Associated Research Center, W.H. 75, 213
MCFARLANE.
Support for About Twenty-Three Par-
ticipants in a Ten Week Specialized Summer
Program in Space-Related Engineering.
NGR 47-004-006 ...... Virginia Polytechnic Institute, F. W. BULL-- 200, 000
Multidisciplinary, Space-Related Research
In Engineering and the Physical and Life
Sciences.
NGR 47-004-008 ...... Virginia Polytechnic Institute, W. G. WOE- 30, 000
CESTER.
Conference on the Exploration of Mars
and Venus.
NsG-(T) 11 ............ Virginia Polytechnic Institute, W. W. BRANDT__ 212, 400
S 2 Supporting the Training of Twelve Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NsG-682 .............. University of Virginia, F. L. HEREFORD ...... 200, 000
S 1 Multidisclplinary Research In the Space-
Related Sciences and Technology.
NGR 47-005-026 ...... University of Virginia, E. McVEY ............ 44, 604
Investigation of Systems and Techniques
for Multi-Component Micro-Force Measure-
ments on Wind Tunnel Models.
NGR 47-005-026 ....... University of Virginia, E. McVEY ............ 28, 800
S 1 Investigation of Systems and Techniques
for Multi-Component Micro-Force Measure-
ments on Wind Tunnel Models.
NGR 47-005-029 ....... University of Virginia, H. M. PARKER ........ 16, 906
Studies Related to the Dynamic Stability
Application of the 3-D Magnetic Balance.
NGR 47-005-036 ....... University of Virginia, J. C. WYLLIE ......... 30, 000
Investigation of a Systems Development for
Cataloging and for Computer Tape Control of
Conference and Monographlc Literature in the
Aerospace and Assiclated Sciences.
L_
APPENDIX M 261
Wisconsin---Continued
NsG(T)-23 ............ University of Wisconsin, R. A. ALBIDRTY ...... $285, 804)
S 2 Supporting the Training of Fifteen Pre-
doctoral Graduate Students in Space-Related
Sciences and Technology.
NASw-65 ............. University of Wisconsin, V. E. SUOMI and 237, 000
A 11 R.J. PARENT.
Meteorological Satellite Data Processing.
Wyoming :
NsG(T)-143 ........... University of Wyoming, R. H. BRUCE ......... 72, 700
Supporting the Training of Four Predoc-
total Graduate Students in Space-Related Sci-
ences and Technology.
Foreign :
NsG-54 ............... University of Auckland, New Zealand, J.E. 28, 610
S 5 TITHERIDG_.
An Investigation of the Propagation of
Radio Signals from Artiflcal Satellites, Con-
sideration of Ionospheric Electron Content
and Irregularities.
NsG_t78 .............. University of Iceland, Iceland, T. SIGURGEIRS- 2, 000
S 1 SON.
Determining and Recording of Geomagnetic
Field Intensity.
NGR 52-046-001 ....... Innsbruck University, Austria, F. CAP ........ 5, 500
Lie Series Solutions of Partial Differential
Equations.
NsG-305 .............. Univeraity of Munich, Germany, F. MOLLER .... 18, 300
$2 Investigation of Atmospheric Properties
Based Upon Evaluation of Infrared Radiation
Data Obtained from TIROS Satellites.
NGR 52-052-001 ....... University of Newcastle, Australia, C. D. 4,700
ELLYETT.
Studies of the Behavior of Meteors in the
Southern Hemisphere.
NsG--367 .............. University of Toronto, Canada, J. B. FRENCH-- 15, 180
S 1 Study of the Performance of a High-Energy
Molecular Beam Apparatus, and the Interac-
tion of the Beam with Monocrystalline and
Engineering-Class Surfaces in an Ultra-Clean
High Vacuum Environment.
NGR 52--026-009 ....... University of Toronto, Canada, K. C. FISHER-- 8, 200
Partial Support of the Third-International
Symposium on Natural Mammalian Hiberna-
tion.
Appendix N
263
264 NASA THIRTEENT_ SEMIANNUAL REPORT TO CONGRESS
OFFICIAL BUSINESS