Histology 2

Capillaries
Continuous Fenestrated Sinusoid
Tight junction / Large intercellular
cleft
Basal lamina Continuous Continuous discontinuous
Pore? Pores within cells
Found in Skin, muscle, brain, Kidney, endocrine Liver, spleen, adrenal
lung gland, small intestine medulla, bone
marrow
Absorptive
Secretive

conducting arteries <-> large veins

muscular arteries <-> medium-sized vein

*large veins: longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle cells

in tunica adventitia

Heart:

Intercalated disc: darker!

Purkinjie fiber: large, clear cytoplasm (few myofibril,
abundant glycogen), subendocardial
around artery: (pale.. loose) à tunica adventitia!!

Myocardium: bound by connective tissue

Cardiac muscle cells: ½ central nuclei, striation,
intercalated disc
Heart valve: begins at annulus fibrosus. Fibroelastic
tissue

Muscular Muscular arterioles

Intima Endothelium+ Thin
loose c.t.
NOT THAT THIN
ALSO have
lamellae(pale)
Media Elastric lamellae - Internal Internal elastic
(outer/inner X see) - external elastic lamellae
Between lamellae: lamellae (ext:幾 SMC (1-5 layers)
1. Mucoid ground 層) X external elastic
sub.+elastic fiber - between them= lamellae
2. SMC SMC
3. Few fibroblasts
Adventitia Vasa vasorum 有一層層 Elastic, loose c.t.
Nerve vasa vasorum Merge with
Fat cells nerve surrounding c.t.
c.t.
Veins Large veins Medium-sized Venules
(media poorly veins
developed. (X external/
: thin
rmb!!! Vein vasa vasorum& internal elastic
SMC in advtitia) lamellae)
media!!!!!!!!! SMC in adv! - media:冇乜紋
理, 有紋已經係
adventitia

(elastic artery) Intima vs media: pale = intima!!!! Also

have “layers”!!!!!
medium sized vein: media and advtitia
RMB media is thin!!!! No layers!!!!

large veins: media very thin again (circle)/ straight line=

adv.
* SMC in adv!
Uriniferous tubule= nephron+ collecting tubule

Tubule:
Proximal vs distal convoluted

collecting tubule

loop of Henle
Proximal Distal Collecting tubule Loop of Henle
Brush border (apical) No No X
Very eosinophilic Paler Palest Eosinophilic
大粒cell (cuboidalà 細粒d cell (low 頗大粒cell Simple squamous!
columnar) cuboidal)
Merge 一粒粒nucleus Very distinct, X distinct
有boundary tim
Cortex and medulla Cortex and medulla Medulla Cortex and medulla
Proximal tubule and loop and collecting tubule very
obvious
Distal tubule vs loop of Henle: simple cuboidal/ simple
squamous
Loop of Henle vs capillary: blood inside?

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

JG apparatus: macula densa + juxtaglomerular cells +

mesangial cell
can only see macula densa
Near renal corpuscle

Glands

Serous: rER: basophilic

Mucus: pale(mucinogen), PAS positive
Serous demilume(serous ar periphery)
Parotid Submandibular Sublingual pancreatic
Serous Mixed (mainly Mixed (mainly serous
(basophilic) serous) mucus)
Large nucleus / / Basal: baso
Apical: eosin
X X X Centroacinar
cells
X Intercalated duct (simple squamous)
Striated duct (SIMPLE*** cuboidalà columnar)

Striated duct: eosinophilic. Basal striation (reabsorption

of fluid)

parotid

submandibular

sublingual
Pancreas

intercalated duct& central acinar cells

intercalated duct vs striated duct

Pancreas endocrine
x form acini, paler, groups of cells

Liver:
Capsule of Glisson

Hepatic triad
Portal vein Bile duct Hepatic artery
Large lumen Irregular, medium lumen Smaller lumen
cuboidal Endothelium+ SMC

Parenchyma
Hepatic cord: columns of hepatocytes
Sinusoid: draining towards central vein. Kupffer cells
Perisinusoidal space: retinacular fibers (abnormal
increase= early sign of damage e.g. fibrosis)

GI

Submucosal gland: oesophagus & duodenum

Esophageo- gastric junction

submucosal gland and muscularis mucosae

submucosal gland

STOMACH

Mucosa and submucosa

lamina propria
dark dots = lymphocytes
smooth muscle cells in mucosa: expel gastric juice

PARIETAL CELL= SUN EGG. CHIEF CELL: AT

BASE OF GASTRIC PIT
MUCUS NECK CELLS

DUODENUM
dark dot: lymphocyte @ lamina propria
intestinal gland
pale, round, large: Goblet cells!!!

submucosal gland!

Muscularis mucosae @ base of column (/ invaginating

into mucosa: stomach)

Jejunum

Inner circular layer and myenteric nerve plexus

Nerve plexus: 一堆奇怪份子! 睇佢where

submucosal: layers of connective tissue (collagen)

**** SMC: less eosinophilic than collagen