16th day of class

Day schedule: July 7th, 2020

- Passive voice – Consolidation practice

- Past simple or Past continuous
- Practice exercises

Passive voice verb tenses structures

Present simple Sub. + am / is / are + past participle

Present continuous Sub. + am / is / are + being + past participle
Past simple Sub. + was / were + past participle
Present perfect Sub. + has / have + been + past participle
Past perfect Sub. + had + been + past participle
Modal verbs Sub. + can + be + past participle
Will Sub. + will / won’t + be + past participle
Going to structure Sub. + am / is / are + going to + be + past participle

Practice exercises:

Active: Michael is going to fix those cars tomorrow

Passive: Those cars are going to be fixed by Michael

Active: Lucy won’t paint these houses today

Passive: These houses won’t be painted by Lucy today

Active: Has he invented those gadgets?

Passive: Have those gadgets been invited by him?

Active: Did Romero watch some videos on Youtube?

Passive: Were some videos watched on Youtube by Romero?
 Passive Voice Practice Exercises

Instruction: Change these active sentences to passive.

1) People speak Portuguese in Brazil Portuguese is spoken by people in Brazil

2) My grandfather built this house in 1943 This house was built by my grandfather in 1943
3) The cleaner has cleaned the office The office has been cleaned by the cleaner
4) He didn’t write three books last year Three books weren’t written by him
5) John has not told you yet You have not been told by John yet
6) Did we sign the contract last month? Was the contract signed by us last month?
7) Somebody can do this work This work can be done by somebody
8) Did the traffic delay Jimmy? Was Jimmy delayed by the traffic?
9) Everybody loves Mr. Brown Mr. Brown is loved by everybody
10) The wolf didn’t eat the princess The princess was not eaten by the wolf
_____ / 10

Past simple:

Use: To talk about finished or completed actions in the past / to describe

sequence of events in chronological order

Structure: To be: Subject + was / were + complement

Other verbs: Subject + 2nd verb column + complement

Auxiliary verb: to be: was / were – other verbs: did (negations / questions)
Was not (wasn’t) / were not (weren’t) – did not (didn’t)
Examples:
(+) She was in Cali yesterday
(-) She wasn’t in Cali yesterday
(?) Was she in Cali yesterday?
Yes, she was / No, she wasn’t

(+) We ate pizza last night

(-) We didn’t eat pizza last night
(?) Did we eat pizza last night?
Yes, we did / No, we didn’t

Present Past Past participle

Eat Ate Eaten
Walk Walked Walked
Run Ran Run
Speak Spoke Spoken
Drink Drank Drunk
Affirmative sentences
Past simple

- I woke up at 6:00 a.m. Then, I took a shower. Finally, I got dressed.

Past continuous / progressive:

Use: To talk about actions in progress at a specific moment in the past

Structure: Subject + was / were + verb – ING + complement

Auxiliary verbs: was / were - was not (wasn’t) / were not (weren’t)

Example:
(+) He was playing soccer at 3:30 p.m. yesterday
(-) He wasn’t playing soccer at 3:30 p.m. yesterday
(?) Was he playing soccer at 3:30 p.m. yesterday?
Yes, he was
No, he wasn’t
 Past simple and past continuous:

Use: To talk about actions which were in progress in the past when something
else happened.

Jenny was watching TV when the lights went off

Longer action shorter action

Mr. Robinson was cooking when his wife arrived at home

When – Past simple action

While / as – Past continuous action

It started to rain, while Juan was fixing his car

While: Two actions were happening simultaneously / at the same time

While Lenny was writing on her notebook, her mother was preparing
breakfast
Camila arrived home, as I was getting ready to leave

Practice exercise:

Ø Lucy had (have) her baby while she was studying (study) at the university
Ø Mr. Hincapie was eating (eat) lunch when his phone rang (ring)
 Past Simple or Past Continuous
Instruction: Fill out the following blanks with the verbs in parenthesis with either the Past
simple or the Past continuous tense.

1) What _________________ (you/do) when I _________________ (call) you last night?

2) I ____________________ (sit) in a cafe when you ____________________ (call).
3) When you _________________ (arrive) at the party, who ______________ (be) there?
4) Susie ________________ (watch) a film when she _________________ (hear) the noise.
5) Yesterday I ____________ (go) to the library, next I _____________ (have) a swim, later I
____________ (meet) Julie for coffee.
6) We __________________ (play) tennis when John _______________ (hurt) his ankle.
7) What ___________________________ (they/do) at 10pm last night - it was really noisy?
8) He __________________ (take) a shower when the telephone _______________ (ring).
9) When I ______________ (walk) into the room, everyone ____________________ (work).
10) He _______________ (live) in Russia when the Revolution __________________ (start).
__________ / 15