Using Algebra To Solve Problems

C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\
Using Algebra to Solve Problems
Chapter 3.1 Introduction to Algebra
Attempt ALL questions. The full marks of this test are 182.
Level 1
1. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

(a) Add 3 to t. (b) Add k to 12. (c) Add r to s. (3 marks)

(a) Subtract 17 from s. (b) Subtract h from 52. (c) Subtract b from d. (3 marks)

(a) Multiply 3a by b (b) Multiply n by 6m. (c) Multiply 2 by 3y. (3 marks)

(a) Divide 5p by q. (b) Divide x by 7y. (c) Divide 5h by 11k. (3 marks)
5. Express the word sentence ‘Add 9 to the result of subtracting v from u’ as an

algebraic expression. (2 marks)
6. Express the word sentence ‘Divide the sum of c and 2d by 7’ as an algebraic

expression. (3 marks)
7. Express each of the following algebraic expressions in a word sentence.

(a) q  7 (b) p  q (4 marks)
8. Express the algebraic expression a  c  b as a word sentence. (3 marks)
9. Express the algebraic expression 5xy as a word sentence. (3 marks)
h
10. Express the algebraic expression as a word sentence. (3 marks)
12k
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11. Simplify the following expressions.

(a) 5  q (b) a  3 (c) u  v (3 marks)

(a) q  7 (b) 17  k (c) a  b (3 marks)

(a) 15  xy (b) u  12v (4 marks)

(a) q  7r (b) 17h  k (4 marks)
15. Simplify the expression 5s  r  p. (3 marks)
16. Simplify the expression d  5a  c. (3 marks)
17. Simplify the expression 4q  rs  t. (3 marks)
18. Simplify the expression m  5h  k. (3 marks)

(a) 13  2q  6 (b) 7p  4p  5 (4 marks)

(a) 17s  3r  5s (b) 17h  3h  5k (4 marks)

(a) 1  7d  2b  7d (b) c  7  5c  9d (4 marks)
22. The price of a can of drink is $p. What is the price of a dozen of cans of drink? (2 marks)
Level 2

(a) First subtract 2n from 3m, then multiply the result by 14k.
(b) First add 9y to 10x, then divide the result by 4m. (6 marks)
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(a) Subtract the product of 5 and k from the result of h divided by 7.
(b) Divide the product of 5p and q by 7r. (6 marks)

(a) Subtract 8q from 15, then multiply the result by 4p.
(b) Divide the result of 8d minus 5 by 3, then subtract 2a from the result. (7 marks)
26. Express the word sentence ‘Divide the sum of a and 2b by c, then subtract 2d
from the result’ as an algebraic expression. (4 marks)
27. Express the algebraic expression 2k (4  d ) as a word sentence. (3 marks)
28. Express the algebraic expression p  5  4 s as a word sentence. (3 marks)
7k
29. Express the algebraic expression as a word sentence. (3 marks)
h5
y
30. Express the algebraic expression 5 xy  as a word sentence. (4 marks)
9

(a) 3h  5k (b) 12a  6b (5 marks)

(a) 2c  2a  b (b) 6  4w  5xy (6 marks)

(a) r  8t  4s (b) 2m  15n  10 (6 marks)

(a) (h  4k)  (12s  2t) (b) 21a  (6c  7b)  3 (6 marks)

(a) (5p  2  6m)  4n (b) 7x  (2h  5  8k) (6 marks)
75

(a) 5c  3c  4b  6d (b) 4n  10m  3m  6 (6 marks)

(a) 12  9k  3k  7  4k (b) 3x  4  6x  7y  4 (6 marks)

(a) 2m  9n  3  5mn  7 (b) 4p  7  4  15p  3  2 (6 marks)

(a) 12x  7y  7xy  2x  7y (b) 5t  12s  2t  9s  5t  4 (6 marks)
40. The price of an apple is $a, while the price of an orange is $b.
(a) Find the total price of 8 apples and 5 oranges.
(b) Mrs. Chan uses $100 to buy 8 apples and 5 oranges, what is the change?
Express the answer in terms of a and b. (5 marks)
41. Mr. Lee eats 1000x g rice per day. He wants to buy a bag of rice such that he
can finish it in 20 days.
(a) Find the weight of the bag of rice he bought. Express the answer in kg.
(b) If the price of the bag of rice is $k, find the amount that Mr. Lee spends
on buying rice per month (30 days). (6 marks)
42. A shopkeeper bought n cans of coke. He decided to sell them at $5 each.

(a) Find the amount received if n cans of coke are sold.
(b) The shopkeeper discovered that 8 cans of coke have expired. Find the
amount received if the rest of (n  8) cans are sold.
(c) Suppose the shopkeeper spent $300 to buy n cans of coke. If the amount
received of selling (n  8) cans is greater than the amount spent on buying
n cans of coke, find the profit. Express the answer in terms of n. (6 marks)
43. If a cake is cut into p equal parts, each part weighs 400 g.
(a) Find the weight of the cake. Express the answer in kg.
(b) If the cake is cut into 4p equal parts, find the weight of each part in kg. (6 marks)
END OF TEST
76
Chapter 3.2 Formulas and Substitution
Level 1
1. Using the method of substitution, find the value of the remaining unknown in
each of the following formulas.
(a) p  4v if v  5 (b) y  12x if x  5 (4 marks)
(a) k  7  v if v  8 (b) n  m  8 if m  3 (4 marks)
t 5
3. Consider L  . Find the value of L when t  17. (3 marks)
4
5
4. Consider g  (M  1). Find the value of g when M  7.
8
(3 marks)
3
5. Consider s  (6  r). Find the value of s when r  6. (3 marks)
4
6. Consider B  a(4a  1). Find the value of B when a  4. (3 marks)
7. Consider w  (u  3)(1  u). Find the value of w when u  2. (3 marks)
8. Consider d  2(y  x). Find the value of d when x  2 and y  4. (3 marks)
9. Consider c  PQ  5. Find the value of c when P  3 when Q  4. (3 marks)
A3
10. Consider F  . Find the value of F when A  5 and K  4. (3 marks)
2K
15
11. The taxi fare $C for travelling n km is calculated by C  18  (n  2).
2
Find the fare for travelling a distance of 12 km.
77
(4 marks)
78
Level 2
28
(a) s  2m  if m  12 and n  4
n
(b) r  5q(p  q) if p  3 and q  1 (6 marks)
b
(a) f  if a  6 and b  2
ab
3  2Q
(b) S  if P  2 and Q  3 (6 marks)
4  5P
uv
14. Consider R  . Find the value of R when u  2 and v  4. (3 marks)
1  uv
3h 2k 4
15. Consider m    . Find the value of m when h  6, k  20 and l  2. (4 marks)
2 5 l
5 4 1
16. Consider T  x  y  z  1 . Find the value of T when x  , y  3 and z  2. (4 marks)
4
17. Given that the upper base, the lower base and the height of a trapezium are
b cm, (b  3) cm and h cm respectively.
(a) Write down the formula for calculating the area of the trapezium A cm2.
(b) If b  3 and h  4, find the area of the trapezium. (6 marks)
18. Coey has p $1 coins, q $2 coins and r $5 coins.

(a) Write down the formula for calculating the total amount of the coins $S.
(b) If p  7, q  5 and r  3, find the total amount of the coins. (6 marks)
19. (a) The cost of a magazine is $x, the selling price is $y. Write down the
formula for calculating the profit of selling n magazines $P.
(b) If x  20, y  28 and n  1000, find the profit. (6 marks)
END OF TEST
79
Chapter 3.3 Solving Equations in One Unknown
Level 1
1. Solve each of the following equations.

(a) x  3  5 (b) a  5  3 (c) p  5  3 (3 marks)

(a) y  2  3 (b) b  5  8 (c) q  4  3 (3 marks)

(a) 2t  8 (b) 9c  72 (c) 5r  35 (3 marks)

(a) 6s  3 (b) 4d  10 (c) 12v  8 (3 marks)

(a) 2h  1  23 (b) 5k  7  3 (4 marks)

(a) 4v  36  0 (b) 10m  25  0 (4 marks)

(a) 7n  1  15 (b) 4w  7  5 (4 marks)

(a) 9e  7  20 (b) 3  6f  9 (4 marks)

(a) 2g  41  3 (b) 8z  5  21 (4 marks)
80

(a) 5(p  3)  20 (b) 7(q  4)  42 (4 marks)

(a) 3(r  4)  6 (b) 4(s  7)  12 (4 marks)

x y z
(a) 3 (b)  6 (c)  7 (3 marks)
8 5 4

5u 3v
(a)  10 (b)  9 (4 marks)
6 10

a2 b  16
(a) 4 (b)  4 (4 marks)
3 5

c  15 d 9
(a) 2 (b)  5 (4 marks)
7 3

h k
(a)  5  2 (b) 75 (4 marks)
7 4

m n
(a)  4  5  1 (b) 6  6  1 (4 marks)

(a) 5  s  4 (b) 13  t  6 (4 marks)

(a) 5  4a  13 (b) 15  9b  3 (4 marks)

4c 1 3d 9
(a)  (b) 
21 7 10 25
(4 marks)
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Level 2

3x 4y
(a)  2  11 (b)  7  23 (6 marks)
4 9

2 2
(a) x  7  3 (b) y  1  5 (6 marks)
5 7

(a) 4(x  5)  5  1 (b) 3(y  4)  10  4 (6 marks)

(a) 5(x  8)  13  2 (b) 3(y  15)  11  7 (6 marks)

3x  7 3 y  19
8
(a) 4 (b) (6 marks)
5 7

(a) 4.3  5u  7.8 (b) 21.6  9u  3.6 (c) 14.5  6u  2.3 (6 marks)

(a) 8u  12.7  10.5 (b) 7u  17.3  8.6 (c) 4u  19.3  7.5 (6 marks)

u  7.3 u  1.9
5
u  3 .8
(a)  2.1 (b) (c)  4.3 (6 marks)
5  2.2 3

x4 y  12
 4  2
(a) 6 3 (b) (6 marks)
5 7

x9 y7
 3  8
(a) 72 (b) (6 marks)
6 2
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y  23 x5
(a)  64  71 (b)  24  6 (6 marks)
11 12

3y  5 5x  1
(a) 29 (b)  4  9 (8 marks)
4 2

9  8d 3  4b
(a) 65 (b) 67 (8 marks)
7 5

3 2
(a) (u  5)  7  11 (b) (u  3)  5  1 (8 marks)
4 5

6 5
(a) (u  13)  8  4 (b) (u  17)  7  33 (8 marks)
7 6
END OF TEST
83
Chapter 3.4 More about Solving Equations in One Unknown
Level 1

(a) 2a  3a  15 (b) 7h  4h  21 (4 marks)

(a) 6b  2b  24 (b) 11k  32  5k (4 marks)
3. Solve the equation 5s  7  1  3s. (3 marks)
4. Solve the equation 7u  11  2u  36. (3 marks)
5. Solve the equation 4v  21  6v  13. (3 marks)
6. Solve the equation 5(x  3)  3x  7. (4 marks)
7. Solve the equation 7y  2(5  4y)  20. (4 marks)
8. Solve the equation 23t  4(5  6t)  13. (4 marks)
9. Solve the equation 3(m  9)  8(m  2)  22. (5 marks)
10. Solve the equation 7(n  9)  3(n  6)  5. (5 marks)
11. Solve the equation 6(p  2)  2(p  3)  42. (5 marks)
12. Solve the equation 3(q  3)  5(q  8)  31. (5 marks)
84
c c
13. Solve the equation  5 . (5 marks)
4 6
4d 7 d
14. Solve the equation 26   . (5 marks)
9 6
5r 2 r
15. Solve the equation   17 . (4 marks)
9 7
2 w 5w
16. Solve the equation    9. (4 marks)
5 8
Level 2

7x 14 x 4y 3y
(a) 6   15 (b)  7   14
9 9 5 5
(6 marks)
18. Solve the equation 2.7t  34.3  3.5t  6.4. (4 marks)
19. Solve the equation 2p  5(2  7p)  3(15  6p). (4 marks)
20. Solve the equation 8[3q  (5  7q)]  5(3q  47). (5 marks)
21. Solve the equation 6(5  2r)  28  7r  10(r  5). (5 marks)
22. Solve the equation 3(s  0.7)  5.7  0.6(1  s). (5 marks)
a3 a3
23. Solve the equation  . (6 marks)
5 2
b9 b7
24. Solve the equation   2 . (6 marks)
7 3
c5 c3
25. Solve the equation   4 . (6 marks)
9 8
3d  4 d  4 7
26. Solve the equation   . (7 marks)
5 2 5
85
1 25 1
27. Solve the equation ( h  11)    (h  4) . (7 marks)
3 6 2
28. Solve the equation 8(14  2k)  3[2k  3(11  k)  14]. (7 marks)
1 1 
29. Solve the equation   (m  13)  8  m  1 . (7 marks)
3 5 
n  0.1 n  0.7 n  1.2

30. Solve the equation   . (7 marks)
0.3 0.2 0 .8
END OF TEST
86
Chapter 3.5 Applications of Equations in One Unknown
Level 1
1. Given that the base and the height of a triangle are 8 cm and (x  1) cm
respectively. If the area of the triangle is 28 cm2, find x. (4 marks)
2. Given that the perimeter of a rectangle is 70 cm. If the length and the width
of the rectangle are (3x  1) cm and (x  2) cm respectively, find x. (4 marks)
2
3. David spent of his pocket money for a magazine and $16 for stationery,
3
with $4 left. Find the original amount of his pocket money. (5 marks)
4. The height of Adrian is 16 cm less than twice of Barry. If Adrian is 158 cm

tall, find the height of Barry. (4 marks)
5. A company developed 86 software in the first 2 months of this year. If the

number of software developed in February was 12 less than that in January,
find the number of software developed in January. (5 marks)
6. A shopkeeper bought some cups. However, 5 of them were broken. He sold

the rest at $15 each to get $1080. Find the original number of cups bought. (4 marks)
7. In a supermarket, the price of each pack of biscuits is decreased by $6. If

Jessica spent $144 to buy 16 packs of biscuits, find the original price of each
pack of biscuits. (4 marks)
8. A shopkeeper bought 40 packs of chocolate and sold them at a price of 3

times the cost of buying them. If the shopkeeper receives $660 from selling
them, find the amount paid by the shopkeeper for buying a pack of chocolate. (4 marks)
87
9. This year, Kate’s age is 6 times her son’s age. 5 years later, she will be 41
years old. Find her son’s age this year. (4 marks)
10. This year, Betty’s age is three-sevenths of her father. If she was 17 years old
last year, find her father’s age this year. (4 marks)
3
11. Henry bought 2 packs of sweets. He ate of a pack of sweets, and then
20
evenly distributed the rest to 4 friends. If each of his friends got 37 sweets,
find the original number of sweets in each pack. (5 marks)
12. Sam’s pocket money is 5 times Jack’s. This month, Sam saved $34 and used
the remaining to buy 3 reference books each of the same price. If Jack’s
pocket money is $47, find the price of each reference book. (4 marks)
13. Kathy bought a bottle of orange juice and drank 200 mL of it. She then
evenly poured the rest of juice into 5 cups. If the volume of orange juice in
each cup was 360 mL, find the original volume of orange juice in the bottle.
Express the answer in the unit L. (4 marks)
14. There are 283 girls in a primary school. If the number of girls is 3 more than
7
of the boys, find the number of boys in the school. (4 marks)
8
15. Kelly and Sally spent 4 hours to draw 92 cartoons in total. If Kelly draws 5
more cartoons than Sally in each hour, find the number of cartoons drawn by
Sally in an hour. (4 marks)
16. Rebecca has some $1 coins and $5 coins. It is known that the number of $1
coins is 3 times the number of $5 coins. If the total value of the coins is $104,
find the number of $5 coins. (4 marks)
17. This month, Sandy’s total income (including the basic salary and the bonus)
is $19 500, in which half of it comes from the basic salary. Given that the
basic salary is the same for each month. If the total income of this month is
13
of that of last month, find her bonus last month.
16
(5 marks)
88
Level 2
18. Consider 2 rectangles. The length and the width of the larger one are (3x  4) cm
and 5 cm respectively, while those of the smaller one are (2x  1) cm and
4 cm respectively. If the difference between their areas is 53 cm2, find x. (7 marks)
19. In a shop, the price of 8 cans of coke is the same as that of 10 bottles of water.
Given that the price of a can of coke is $1.2 higher than that of a bottle of
water. Find the price of 30 bottles of water. (6 marks)
1 2
20. In a volleyball club, of the members are male. This becomes when 4
3 5
new male members join the club. Find the new number of members in the
club. (8 marks)
21. Jenny has some $1, $2 and $5 coins. It is known that the number of $1 coins
is 2 times the number of $5 coins, while the number of $2 coins is less than
that of $1 coins by 7. If the total value of the coins is $85, find the number of
$2 coins. (7 marks)
22. Leon, Roy and Janice have 12, 17 and 19 sweets respectively. Janice gives all
of her sweets to Leon and Roy such that the number of sweets Roy has
becomes 3 times that of Leon. How many sweets does Janice give Leon? (7 marks)
2 3
23. This year, Matthew’s age is of his grandfather. This will become
9 10
after 7 years. Find the difference in their ages.
(8 marks)
24. Nicole made a profit of $432 today by selling newspapers and magazines.
The total number of newspapers and magazines sold was 136. If the profits of
selling each newspaper and each magazine were $2.4 and $4.6 respectively,
which type of publication sold today contributed a greater profit? (8 marks)
25. Celia has 2 bags of marbles. The total number of marbles is 162. She draws
1
of the marbles from bag A and puts them into bag B. The number of
4
marbles in bag A is then 30 more than that in bag B. Find the original number
of marbles in each bag. (7 marks)
89
END OF TEST
90

Using Algebra To Solve Problems

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C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

Using Algebra to Solve Problems

Chapter 3.1 Introduction to Algebra

1. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

2. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

3. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

4. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

5. Express the word sentence ‘Add 9 to the result of subtracting v from u’ as an

6. Express the word sentence ‘Divide the sum of c and 2d by 7’ as an algebraic

7. Express each of the following algebraic expressions in a word sentence.

8. Express the algebraic expression a  c  b as a word sentence. (3 marks)

9. Express the algebraic expression 5xy as a word sentence. (3 marks)

11. Simplify the following expressions.

12. Simplify the following expressions.

13. Simplify the following expressions.

14. Simplify the following expressions.

15. Simplify the expression 5s  r  p. (3 marks)

16. Simplify the expression d  5a  c. (3 marks)

17. Simplify the expression 4q  rs  t. (3 marks)

18. Simplify the expression m  5h  k. (3 marks)

19. Simplify the following expressions.

20. Simplify the following expressions.

21. Simplify the following expressions.

23. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

24. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

25. Express each of the following word sentences in an algebraic expression.

27. Express the algebraic expression 2k (4  d ) as a word sentence. (3 marks)

28. Express the algebraic expression p  5  4 s as a word sentence. (3 marks)

31. Simplify the following expressions.

32. Simplify the following expressions.

33. Simplify the following expressions.

34. Simplify the following expressions.

35. Simplify the following expressions.

36. Simplify the following expressions.

37. Simplify the following expressions.

38. Simplify the following expressions.

39. Simplify the following expressions.

42. A shopkeeper bought n cans of coke. He decided to sell them at $5 each.

Using Algebra to Solve Problems

Chapter 3.2 Formulas and Substitution

6. Consider B  a(4a  1). Find the value of B when a  4. (3 marks)

7. Consider w  (u  3)(1  u). Find the value of w when u  2. (3 marks)

8. Consider d  2(y  x). Find the value of d when x  2 and y  4. (3 marks)

9. Consider c  PQ  5. Find the value of c when P  3 when Q  4. (3 marks)

18. Coey has p $1 coins, q $2 coins and r $5 coins.

Using Algebra to Solve Problems

Chapter 3.3 Solving Equations in One Unknown

1. Solve each of the following equations.

2. Solve each of the following equations.

3. Solve each of the following equations.

4. Solve each of the following equations.

5. Solve each of the following equations.

6. Solve each of the following equations.

7. Solve each of the following equations.

8. Solve each of the following equations.

9. Solve each of the following equations.

10. Solve each of the following equations.

11. Solve each of the following equations.

12. Solve each of the following equations.

13. Solve each of the following equations.

14. Solve each of the following equations.

15. Solve each of the following equations.

16. Solve each of the following equations.