UNIVERSITEIT VAN PRETORIA

UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA Kopiereg voorbehou / Copyright reserved

DEPARTEMENT SIVIELE EN BIOSISTEEM INGENIEURSWESE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING
STERKTELEER SWK 210 – SEMESTEREKSAMEN
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS SWK 210 – SEMESTER EXAMINATION

8 Junie 2005 / June 8, 2005

TOEBOEK / CLOSED BOOK

Slegs gegewe formuleblaaie en sakrekenaars
Given formula pages and calculators only

Tyd / Time: 2½ Ure/Hours

Punte/Marks: 80

Eksaminatore/Examinors: Ms B Ssamula
Prof A van der Walt
Eksterne Eksaminator/External Examinor: Prof BWJ van Rensburg

Van en Voorletters/Surname and Initials

Studentenommer/Student number

Vraag Punt Vraag Punt

Question Mark Question Mark
V/Q1 10
V/Q 2 8
V/Q 3 8
V/Q 4 8
V/Q 5 10
V/Q 6 10
V/Q 7 8
V/Q 8 8
V/Q 9 10

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VRAAG 1 / QUESTION 1 [10]

(i) Teken Mohr se sirkel vir die gegewe spanningselement. (4)

Draw Mohr’s circle for the given stress element.

1 MPa

4 MPa

5 MPa x

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(ii) Bepaal die hoofspannings. Dui u antwoorde op ‘n behoorlik
geplaasde element aan. (3)
Determine the principal stresses. Note your answers on a
properly positioned element.

(iii) Bepaal die maksimum skuifspanning en die gepaardgaande

normaalspannings. Dui u antwoord op ‘n behoorlik geplaasde
element aan. (3)
Determine the maximum shear stress and the associated
normal stresses. Note your answer on a properly positioned
element.

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VRAAG 2 / QUESTION 2 [8]

‘n Torsiemoment To word oorgedra tussen twee stange deur die vier 20 mm

boute wat in die skets getoon word. Die deursnee, d, van die bout-sirkel is
200 mm. Bereken die maksimum toelaatbare torsiemoment indien die
toelaatbare skuifspanning in die boute 90 MPa is.

A torque To is transmitted between two shafts by means of four 20 mm bolts

as shown in the figure. The diameter, d, of the bolt circle is 200 mm.
Determine the maximum allowable torque if the allowable shear stress in the
bolts is 90 MPa.

©2001 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.

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VRAAG 3 / QUESTION 3 [8]

‘n Klein rubber bal weeg 0,3 N en is met ‘n elastiese tou aan ‘n houtspaan vas
soos getoon. Die natuurlike lengte van die tou is 200 mm, sy deursnee
oppervlakte is 1,6 mm2 en Young se Modulus, E, vir die toutjie is 2 MPa.
Nadat die bal geslaan is, rek die tou tot ‘n totale lengte van 900 mm. Bereken
die spoed waarmee die bal die spaan verlaat.

A small rubber ball weighs 0,3 N and is attached to a wooden paddle by an

elastic cord as shown. The natural length of the cord is 200 mm, its cross
sectional area is 1,6 mm2 and Young’s Modulus, E, for the cord is 2 MPa.
When the ball is hit, the cord stretches to a total length of 900 mm. Determine
the speed with which the ball leaves the paddle.

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VRAAG 4 / QUESTION 4 [8]

Die ronde staaf ABC in die skets bestaan uit twee dele waarvan deel AB
deursnit d1=30 mm en lengte L1=50 mm het en deel BC het deursnit d2=20
mm en lengte L2=70 mm. Twee torsiemomente met groottes 180 N.m en T2
respektiewelik word by B en C toegepas soos getoon. Bepaal die maksimum
en minimum toelaatbare waarde van T2 indien die maksimum skuifspanning in
die staaf nie 30 MPa te bowe mag gaan nie.

The solid circular bar ABC in the figure consists of two parts, of which the part
AB has diameter d1=30 mm and length L1=50 mm and part BC has diameter
d2=20 mm and length L2=70 mm. Two torques of magnitudes T1 and 180 N.m
respectively are applied at B and C as shown. Determine the maximum and
minimum allowable value for T2 if the shear stress in the bar is not to exceed
30 MPa.

π 180 N·m
Ip = d4
32

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VRAAG 5/ QUESTION 5 [10]

Tydens die konstruksie van ‘n brug word die balke in die skets as kantelbalke
uitgestoot om uiteindelik op die volgende pilaar tot rus te kom. Elkeen van die
I-balke in die skets het ‘n oorhanglengte van 50 m en die dwarssnit deur die
balk het afmetings soos getoon. Die gewig van elke balk is 10 kN/m. Bereken
die maksimum buigspanning in een van die balke.

During the construction of a bridge the girders in the figure are pushed out as
cantilever beams to finally be lowered onto the next pier. Each girder has a
cantilever length of 50 m and the cross sectional dimensions of the beam are
shown in the figure. The weight of each beam is 10 kN/m. Determine the
maximum bending stress in one of the beams.

50 mm

2500 mm
25 mm

600 mm

7
VRAAG 6 / QUESTION 6 [10]

Die oplegbalk in die skets moet ‘n verspreide las van 6 kN/m kan dra.
The simply supported beam in the figure must support a distributed load of
6 kN/m.

h/2
q = 6 kN/m

L=4 m

a) Bereken die kleinste moontlike waarde van h indien die toelaatbare

buigspanning in die balk σall = 110 MPa is.
(6)
Calculate the smallest value of h if the allowable bending stress in the beam is
σall = 110 MPa.

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b) Bereken die kleinste moontlike waarde van h indien die toelaatbare
skuifspanning in die balk τall = 70 MPa is.
(4)
Calculate the smallest value of h if the allowable shear stress in the beam is
τall = 70 MPa.

9
VRAAG 7 / QUESTION 7 [8]

Die web van die T-balk in die skets bestaan uit staal en die flens uit
aluminium. Bereken die maksimum buigspannings in die staal en aluminium
indien ‘n moment van 10 kN.m op die saamgestelde balk uitgeoefen word.
(Wenk: gebruik die veranderde-snit metode)

The web of the T-beam in the figure is made of steel and the flange of
aluminium. Calculate the maximum bending stresses in the steel and the
aluminium when the composite beam is subjected to a moment of 10 kN.m.
(Hint: Use the transformed section method)

EStaal/Steel = 210 GPa

Ealuminium = 70 GPa

10 mm
100 mm
160 mm

300 mm

10
VRAAG 8 / QUESTION 8 [8]

Die dunwandige silindriese druktenk met radius r en dikte t in die skets word
gelyktydig onderwerp aan ‘n interne druk p en ‘n drukkrag F wat ewewydig
aan die as van die silinder aangewend word soos in die skets getoon. Bepaal
die grootte van F waarvoor suiwer skuifspanning in die wand van die silinder
voortgebring sal word.

The thin walled cylindrical pressure vessel of radius r and thickness t in the
figure is subjected simultaneously to internal gas pressure p and a
compressive force F parallel to the axis of the vessel as shown. Determine the
magnitude of the force F for which pure shear will be produced in the wall of
the cylinder.

11
VRAAG 9 / QUESTION 9 [10]

Die kantelbalk met lengte L = 4 m in die skets is onderwerp aan ‘n lineêre

verspreide belasting met maksimum waarde q0 = 12 kN/m by x = 0. Los ‘n
tweede orde randvoorwaarde probleem op en bepaal die defleksie van die
balk by sy eindpunt B indien die balkstyfheid gegee is as EI = 104 kN.m2.

The cantilever beam of length L=4 m in the figure is subjected to a linear

distributed load with maximum value q0=12 kN/m at x=0. Solve a second
order boundary value problem and determine the deflection of the beam at its
end B if the beam stiffness is given as EI = 104 kN.m2.

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 K I T

Mohr 10
Mean Shear 1.7-2 8
Impak 2.8-6 8
Torsie 8
Buigspanning 5.5-8 10
Balkontwerp a la 5.6-6 6 4
Saamg Balk ala ex 6.3 8
Drukvate 8.3-4 8
Defleksie v balke 10

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