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INSPECTION TRENDS (ISSN 1523-7168) is Good Practices for Inspecting Austenitic Stainless Steel Tube and
published quarterly by the American Welding Society. Pipe Systems in Hygienic Applications
Editorial and advertising offices are located at 8669 by Michael Lang / When performing inspections on these critical welds,
Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Miami, FL 33166; telephone
(305) 443-9353. Printed by R. R. Donnelley & Sons
inspectors need to understand and adhere to the criteria presented in the
Co., Senatobia, Miss. Subscriptions $30.00 per year for AWS D18.1 Specification / 19
noncertified, nonmembers in the United States and its
possessions; $50.00 per year in foreign countries;
$20.00 per year for noncertified members and students; How to Handle ‘Routine’ Inspections
$10.00 single issue for nonmembers and $7.00 single by Chris T. Brown / While inspection experience is certainly valuable,
issue for members. American Welding Society is located don’t rely on it too much; you still need to thoroughly prepare for each
at 8669 Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Miami, FL 33166;
telephone (305) 443-9353, Periodicals postage paid in inspection job / 21
Miami, Fla., and additional mailing offices.
POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Being in Business as a CWI
Inspection Trends c/o American Welding Society, 8669
Doral Blvd., Suite 130, Miami, FL 33166. by Brent E. Boling / An established CWI and fabrication/erection
contractor discusses some of the issues that must be addressed if you want
Readers of Inspection Trends may make copies of arti-
cles for personal, archival, educational, or
to start your own weld inspection business / 24
research purposes, and which are not for sale or
resale. Permission is granted to quote from articles, pro-
vided customary acknowledgment of authors
and sources is made. Starred (∗) items excluded from
copyright. Departments
AWS MISSION STATEMENT Editor’s Note................................6 Mark Your Calendar...................28
The mission of the American Welding Society
is to advance the science, technology, and News Bulletins.............................8 Certification Schedule................29
application of welding and allied processes,
including joining, brazing, soldering, cutting,
and thermal spray. Print and Product Showcase ......12 Classifieds..................................32
METALLURGY
ME TA
ALL
LURGY
G
for the Non-Metallurg
Non-Metallurgist:
ist: Fundamentals
internal structure of
Metallurgy is the science that deals with the internal
metals, the relationship between metals, and the properties of metals.
In welding, a basic understanding of metallurgy provides insight into
the positive and negative changes that occur in metals when joined
by welding.
The Navy Metalworking Center, Johnstown, Pa., is GE Oil & Gas Establishes Technology Center
managing a project funded by the Industrial Base Innovation in Iraq with Testing and Inspection Services
Fund and Navy ManTech to advance electron beam direct
manufacturing (EBDM) that will be used in F-35 Joint Strike To help rebuild Iraq’s energy infrastructure, GE Oil & Gas
Fighter production. recently established a new technology and service center near
Www.FlawTech.com
.FlawTech.co
ww
w
Opportunity Knocks.
AWS agreement with
ASNT offers ACCP to
qualified CWIs & SCWIs.
Do you need visual testing certification
which meets the guidelines for Recommended
Practice No. SNT-TC-1A as required by some
sections of the ASME Code? Through this
agreement, qualified SCWIs and CWIs
can obtain ACCP Level II VT certification
without examination.
— continued on page 30
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The American Welding Society has enhanced its Jobs In Welding Web site at www.jobsinwelding.com.
The redesigned career portal includes additional capabilities for companies seeking workers and individuals looking for
jobs.
Through relationships with many job boards and distributors, it offers direct access to more than 88% of the welding-
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Users may search various openings for welders, Certified Welding Inspectors, engineers, technicians, and managers/
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In addition, the Web site contains the following highlights:
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• The job seeker section connects individuals to new career opportunities by allowing them to post an anonymous résumé,
view jobs, and make personal job alerts. This area has résumé tips, certification information, and a school locator.
• The employer area enables association with qualified applicants. Résumés, job postings, and products/pricing options may
be viewed here.
Visit the Web site to create or access job seeker and employer accounts.
Institute of Welding, currently works as Deepwater Drilling, Houston, Tex. did they utilize the services of an
a freelance welding consultant “Although I have traveled to some interpreter or simply use gestures), the
reviewing welding procedures for the extent domestically and internationally general concensus from all four
Ichthys LNG Project in Darwin, pretty much over my entire career, respondents was “all of the above.”
Australia. He also presents API 570 including about 14 different countries “I have had the people I am
and 510 seminars throughout Australia. outside of the U.S.A., I did not start working with speak English, I have
In 2011/2012, he held a short-term actually living overseas until 2008.” He made an effort to learn enough of the
contract position in New Zealand as a started with a job in Shenzhen, China, language that I can survive when I am
quality assurance/quality control doing consulting and training groups of deployed for long periods of time, and
manager. Beginning in 1998, he served Chinese workers about codes and yes, an interpreter, particularly in the
as a welding engineer/quality control standards, then spent six months in technical language is almost always a
engineer in Mexico, then as a welding both Ho Chi Minh City (formerly must,” Merrill said. “And, of course,
supervisor and CWI in South Korea. Saigon) and Vung Tau, Vietnam, on the shop floor a lot of both gestures
From January 2007 through November working with local welding schools to and picture drawing. I am of the
2011, he was a welding engineer in assist them in complying with AWS opinion that if you are going to be on a
Kazakhstan, serving as the owner’s Accredited Test Facility programs. He long deployment, say a year or more,
representative for all welding aspects then traveled to Singapore and the best thing to do is dive into both the
of the Kashagan Project. Indonesia beginning in early 2011. He culture and the language. It is the only
Among other tasks, Lambert spent a year in Singapore as the way that you will understand why they
monitored “the contractor’s technical technical manager for a subsea well do things the way they do them.”
design team to ensure all welding control overhaul and repair equipment Of all the countries in which
design was in accordance with the facility. “My primary role there while Snyder has worked, he found it hardest
technical requirements of the relevant supervising a team of inspectors, a to communicate in Vietnam. “Many
project specifications, codes, and welding engineer, and QC engineers tones of the Vietnamese language are
standards, and provided guidance to the was to improve the welding and difficult to master and have an ear for,”
execution contract package managers fabrication operations and implement he said. “The Vietnamese did have
in the evaluation of technical queries, phased array ultrasonic testing to interpreters at times, and there were
project changes, and concession replace conventional radiography.” those in high-ranking positions who
requests with respect to welding and spoke English as well, but you had to
nondestructive testing matters raised by Language Barriers listen closely and talk slowly. I did
the execution contractors.” manage to pick up some Vietnamese;
The majority of Steve Snyder’s When asked how they dealt with however, just enough to look like I was
work during the past five years has language issues (did the people they trying to learn the language.” Snyder
been in Southeast Asia. Snyder is an worked with speak English, did the found his ability to weld and to set up
AWS SCWI currently with Transocean respondents speak the local language, and adjust inspection equipment helped
For clarity, this presentation is broken inspector must have clear criteria, and
down into four parts: expectations, AWS D18.1/D18.1M is the definitive
preconstruction weld sampling, specification recognized by the industry.
surveillance of construction activities, If the owner chooses not to follow
and visual exam. industry codes and specifications, there
should be a robust engineering argument
Expectations to support such judgment. Inspectors
should note any areas that are not AWS Fig. 2 — Typical dial indicator used to
Communication of expectations from D18.1/D18.1M compliant on the check mismatch, convexity, concavity,
owner, to contractor, to inspector, and appropriate inspection report. and other conditions.
finally to the welder is critical to The critical aspect of this scope is
successful welding. Unfortunately, all that these systems carry commodities for
too often, AWS D18.1/D18.1M, human consumption, and the inspector
Specification for Welding of Austenitic is safeguarding the public health. change in size and/or thickness requires
Stainless Steel Tube and Pipe Systems in a different set of PWSs. AWS
Sanitary (Hygienic) Applications, is not Preconstruction Weld D18.1/D18.1M Sec. 5.2 is an excellent
known or specified during the project Sampling source of information on sampling
planning phase. Yet this document holds procedures.
the criteria needed for the installation of Preconstruction weld sampling I have seen the PWS process missed
safe, quality systems. In cases like this, (PWS) is an activity to prove the with the proposed solution being to do
the inspector should make the parties combination of welder/operator, samples after the fact. This might sound
aware of the document and its criteria. machine, WPS, and materials are good at first, but look deeper. Will you
It is the inspector’s job to inspect. It is conducive to making repeatable quality have the same gas, tungsten, quality of
not to engineer for the contractor, train welds. The inspector needs to verify input power, and conditions? Obviously
the welder, or help end users figure out PWS (Fig. 1) as acceptable per AWS not. At this point, you have a system of
the quality their product requires. D18.1/D18.1M Sec. 6, then use it as a indeterminate quality. There is a reason
Inspectors are there to apply the relevant standard during the production day. It it is called preconstruction weld
code and project specifications. The needs to be understood that every sampling.
Pressure
Vessel Shell. Surveillance of Construction
Activities
Systems as these can carry varied levels
of corrosive media that need to be
It Now Surveillance is another area that
addressed by the owner’s responsible
engineer.
Takes About requires good communication to be Just from personal experience, I
typically see discoloration quality of 3
successful. The owner needs to set the
An Hour.” criteria on surveillance, such as type of and less acceptable and easily attainable
with simple industrial grade argon purge
inspections and frequency. This is where
and shielding gas.
Kurt Schaerer the owner and inspector need to
Some contributing factors that lead to
establish the extent of examination. This
Enerflex General Manager extent can then be communicated to the discoloration are moisture in the gas or
contractor. on the materials to be joined;
A key point to consider is that inside particulates from cleaning, and off
diameter inspection opportunities are gassing of cleaning solvent residue on
limited. Develop a surveillance plan to surfaces to be joined; grade of material’s
maximize visual inspection of these surface finish; poor purge sealing; and
areas. leaks in hoses and loose connections.
Lessons Learned
After careful deliberation, you contractor in the state of Arizona, I types of coverage. At the company’s
have made your choice: You are going have come across many issues annual insurance audit, it will have to
to become an AWS Certified Welding pertaining to this question. It needs to show proof of the subcontractor’s own
Inspector (CWI). So you research this be stated that there will be many coverage or pay a percentage based
new opportunity to see what it takes to differences regarding exactly how this upon payments made to the
become an AWS CWI. You go online information applies to you and your subcontractor to have been covered
and buy study books and immerse circumstances. State laws vary on how under the general contractor’s policy.
yourself in them. You take the final one conducts business in a particular This trickles down to the working
plunge and travel to an AWS-sponsored state, and then, of course, there are all agreement between the inspection
seminar, then sit for the exam. Finally, the different Internal Revenue Service agency and the subcontracted
the much awaited e-mail from AWS rules, OSHA rules, customer/company inspector; is he or she properly
arrives: “Congratulations, you passed policies, AWS codes, local building insured? If the answer is no, everyone
the CWI exam. The documents and jurisdiction rules, insurance is in a hazardous position legally and
stamp will follow in a few weeks.” requirements, etc. With those financially if someone gets hurt,
Truly, congratulations are in order. differences in mind, where do you whether it be the inspector or someone
But you soon find yourself facing the begin? he or she drops a tool on, runs over,
next question: Now what? How do I I have to admit that in some ways knocks off the roof, or whatever.
use it? Where do I find work? this article may create more questions Are you properly covered by
As an exam proctor, Section than answers, but I hope they will be either your own insurance or the
chairman, fabricator, and a CWI, I hear questions that will lead you to agency you are working for?
it all the time: What do I do now? discovering the answers that apply One cost of being your own
A few questions are in order as specifically to you, your location, and company — the all-important, self-
you consider the options available to your application. employed inspector — is insurance.
you at this point: As a CWI, I have worked mainly And if you don’t have your own
1. Did you or an employer pay for as a third-party inspector representing insurance, how do you get onto a job
the certification to aid you in becoming the customer/engineer in the shop site if there is no agency umbrella that
an in-house inspector/quality control? and/or field as its quality assurance was preapproved by the customer
If your employer paid, are you person. While I run across many other and/or general contractor as to their
planning on staying with that inspectors doing the same thing, how insurance? Keep in mind the
company? we all got to that position varies customer/general contractor’s
2. Are you planning to go to work widely. Many people believe all they insurance most likely wouldn’t cover
for an inspection facility at whatever have to do is show up as a CWI, you anyway, but no one asks for your
capacity for which they require the inspect the welds, get a paycheck for proof of insurance because they think
assistance of a CWI for welder the work, receive a 1099 tax form at you work for the inspection agency.
qualification, procedure qualification the end of the year, and all is good. Don’t take a chance and leave yourself
testing, etc.? However, starting a business requires open to problems; make certain you are
3. Did you plan on traveling the much more thought and attention to covered either by your own insurance
world doing welding inspections on detail than that. Following are some or the agency you are working for.
structural erections, pipelines, or one of scenarios and questions to consider as Scenario 2. Do you know the IRS
a great variety of opportunities you plan your business strategy. rules regarding the requirements for
working for whomever needs another Scenario 1. Most job site being self-employed? What happens
CWI? requirements and insurance when you don’t have an employer
4. Do you plan on just going it responsibilities require the general deducting the taxes out of each check?
alone and starting your own business contractor to make sure all employees Sure, that bigger check looks nice all
doing weld inspections? and/or subcontractors representing year long, and you feel like you are
It is this last question that interests them have the proper insurance getting paid what you are worth.
us for this article: how to go about coverage. The necessary insurance may Right? Maybe not. You start doing your
being in business as a CWI. include liability, workers’ own taxes and find out that even with
As a fabrication/erection compensation, worksite auto, and other many great deductions for certain
Q: What are the primary test result The fluid service is classified as High and certification of welding and brazing
differences in WPS qualification of Pressure by the owner. The project procedures and welders and brazers
reduced-section tension tests between involves several contractors, each is (Section IX). The interesting thing about
AWS D1.1, Structural Welding Code responsible for different parts of the working to ASME requirements is one
— Steel, and ASME Boiler and project. The prime contractor is must never forget that the construction
Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC), doing the welding on site. The prime code can and often does modify or take
Section IX? contractor has subcontracted a exceptions to Section V and Section IX.
portion of the work to a sub-tier Back to my earlier statement: each
A: (from K. Erickson) Both AWS D1.1 contractor who is also welding contractor is “always” required to
and ASME BPVC, Section IX, provide onsite. The sub-tier contractor has qualify and certify his or her own
specific information relative to the subcontracted some of the off-site welding procedure specifications
dimensioning of the weld samples prior work to a different contractor who is (WPS) by testing. That statement is
to testing, but there are some minor responsible for the fabrication of true. The WPS is qualified by welding
differences when evaluating the test skids that are packaged units a typical groove detail. The welding
results. consisting of filters, piping, electric variables used to weld the test coupon
AWS D1.1 simply states that the motors and pumps, and the and the test results are recorded in a
tensile strength of the base metal connecting piping and valves. My document called the PQR. So far, so
cannot be less than the minimum questions are: good. The conditions and
specified tensile range of the base 1. Can the on-site contractors requirements of how to qualify the
metal used for testing. The base metal utilize the same qualified welding WPS are delineated in ASME BPVC,
tensile strengths are listed in AWS procedures submitted by the sub-tier Section IX.
D1.1, Table 2.1. contractor who is assembling the Article V of Section IX includes an
The ASME criteria are more skids in a shop? “exception” to the statement I just
detailed regarding both the material 2. If the contractors onsite are not made. Article V lists several Standard
type(s) and the temperature, also the permitted to use the WPSs submitted Welding Procedure Specifications
material P-Number type, and thickness by the skid manufacturer, can they (SWPs) that can be purchased from
have to be considered. pool their resources to have a third AWS. The SWPS are exempt from the
One key difference is that ASME party qualify the WPSs so they can tests required in Article I and Article II
does permit accepting tensile values both use the same WPSs on site? of Section IX. There is a condition
less than the specified tensile strength 3. Can the on-site contractors, i.e., attached to using a SWP; basically, the
of up to 5%, provided the specimen
breaks either in the base metal outside both the prime contractor and the contractor qualifies a welder who
the weld or in the weld interface subcontractor, send their welders to follows the SWPS to demonstrate they
location. a third-party testing company to can implement the SWPS.
Before qualifying any weld qualify and certify their welders? Now, going back to the project you
procedure, it is imperative that the are working on. You state the project
correct base materials are confirmed A: (from A. Moore) You have an specification specifies ASME B31.3
coupled with the proper filler metal to interesting situation that is not unique. and the fluid service is High Pressure.
be used. As a general principle, the ASME High Pressure Fluid Service invokes
A questionable situation would be to requires each contractor to qualify and specific requirements on the contractor
weld standard A106 Grade C pipe certify both the WPSs and the welders. regarding the design, materials of
using a minimum tensile strength of 70 The ASME BPVC is comprised of construction, fabrication, and
ksi with E6010 (60 ksi) filler metal. several sections, each addresses different inspection. Where B31.3 allows the use
Although it is possible that the filler aspects of design, materials selection, of certain SWPSs that are listed in
metal strength, if welded properly, fabrication, and inspection. The sections Section IX, Article V: B31.3 for High
could exceed 70 ksi in tensile value, it are interrelated, that is to say, no one Pressure Fluid Service does not allow
is only classified for 60 ksi, which is section is self-sustaining. The them to be used. The chapter
less than the tensile strength of the base construction codes, that is Section I for specifically states that each contractor
material used. Power Boilers, Section III for Nuclear must “always” qualify the WPSs used
Construction, Section VIII for Unfired for construction. The only part of the
Q: I have three questions regarding Pressure Vessels, etc., refer to other qualification effort the contractor can
working with the ASME Boiler and sections of the code to provide specific subcontract is the nondestructive
Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC). We are details on the subjects of materials of testing and mechanical testing.
constructing a large project that construction (Section II), nondestructive
requires us to meet ASME B31.3. testing (Section V), and the qualification — continued on page 30
World Conference on Quality and Improvement. May skills training in visual examination, ultrasonic examination,
6–8. Indiana Convention Center, Indianapolis, Ind. Contact ASME Section XI, UT operator training, etc. Contact Sherryl
American Society for Quality (ASQ), (800) 248-1946 or Stogner, (704) 547-6174, e-mail: sstogner@epri.com.
http://wcqi.asq.org/.
Nondestructive Examination Courses. A course schedule is
◆ AWS Pipeline Conference. June 4, 5. Houston, Tex.
available from Hellier, 277 W. Main St., Ste. 2, Niantic, CT
Contact American Welding Society, (800) 443-9353, ext. 223,
06357, (860) 739-8950, FAX (860) 739-6732.
e-mail Alina Blanco at ablanco@aws.org, or visit
www.aws.org/conferences.
NDE Training Courses. GE Inspection Technologies offers
◆ AWS Codes and Standards Conference. July 16, 17. training on topics such as eddy current, digital radiography,
Orlando, Fla. Contact American Welding Society, (800) 443- and remote visual inspection. For the complete schedule,
9353, ext. 223, e-mail Alina Blanco at ablanco@aws.org, or contact (866) 243-2638; www.geit-info@ge.com;
visit www.aws.org/conferences. www.ge.com/inspectiontechnologies.
QNDE Conference (Review of Progress in Quantitative Preparatory and Visual Weld Inspection Courses. One- and
Nondestructive Evaluation). July 21–26. Hilton Baltimore, two-week courses presented in Pascagoula, Miss., Houston,
Baltimore, Md. Contact QNDE, Sarah Kallsen, Tex., and Houma and Sulphur, La. Contact Real Educational
kallsen@iastate.edu, (515) 294-9749; FAX (515) 294-7771; Services, Inc., (800) 489-2890; info@realeducational.com.
or www.qndeprograms.org/QNDE.html.
◆ AWS 16th Annual Aluminum Conference. Sept. 17, 18. CWI/CWE Course and Exam. A ten-day program presented
Chicago, Ill. Contact American Welding Society, (800) 443- in Troy, Ohio. Contact Hobart Institute of Welding Technology
9353, ext. 223, e-mail Alina Blanco at ablanco@aws.org, or (800) 332-9448; www.welding.org; hiwt@welding.org.
visit www.aws.org/conferences.
T.E.S.T. NDT, Inc., Courses. CWI preparation, NDE
ASNT Annual Conference and Quality Testing Show. Nov. courses, including ultrasonic thickness testing and advanced
4–7. Rio Hotel, Las Vegas, Nev. Contact American Society phased array. On-site training available. T.E.S.T. NDT, Inc.,
for Nondestructive Testing, (800) 222-2768 or www.asnt.org. 193 Viking Ave., Brea, CA 92821; (714) 255-1500; FAX
(714) 255-1580; ndtguru@aol.com; www.testndt.com.
◆ FABTECH 2013. Nov. 18–21. McCormick Place,
Chicago, Ill. Contact American Welding Society, (800) 443-
NDE Training. NDE training at the company’s St. Louis-
9353, or www.fabtechexpo.com.
area facility or on-site. Level III services available. For a
schedule of upcoming courses, contact Quality Testing
Educational Opportunities Services, Inc., 2305 Millpark Dr., Maryland Heights, MO
63043; (888) 770-0103; training@qualitytesting.net;
NDE Classes. Moraine Valley Community College, Palos www.qualitytesting.net.
Hills, Ill., offers NDE classes in PT, MT, UT, RT, Radiation
Safety, and Eddy Current, as well as API 510 exam prep and CWI/CWE Prep Course and Exam and NDT Inspector
weld inspection. For more information, contact (708) 974- Training Courses. An AWS Accredited Testing Facility.
5735; wdcs@morainevalley.edu; morainevalley.edu/NDE. Courses held year-round in Allentown, Pa., and at customers’
facilities. Contact: Welder Training & Testing Institute (WTTI).
EPRI NDE Training Seminars. EPRI offers NDE technical Call (800) 223-9884, info@wtti.edu, or visit www.wtti.edu.
An Important Event
on Its Way?
Send information on upcoming events to Inspection Trends, 550 NW LeJeune Rd., Miami, FL
33126. Items can also be sent via FAX to (305) 443-7404 or by e-mail to mjohnsen@aws.org.
IMPORTANT: This schedule is subject to change without notice. Applications are to be received at least six weeks prior to the seminar/exam or exam. Applications re-
ceived after that time will be assessed a $250 Fast Track fee. Please verify application deadline dates by visiting our website www.aws.org/certification/docs/schedules.html. Ver-
ify your event dates with the Certification Dept. to confirm your course status before making travel plans. For information on AWS seminars and certification programs, or to reg-
ister online, visit www.aws.org/certification or call (800/305) 443-9353, ext. 273, for Certification; or ext. 455 for Seminars. Apply early to avoid paying the $250 Fast Track fee.
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The Answer Is
—continued from page 27
The welders must be qualified by the must qualify and certify the welder. The Quoting from B31.3; K328.2.3
contractor as well. ASME Section XI has welder who participated in the Performance Qualification by Others,
a provision that allows the contractors qualification program previously “Welding performance qualification by
who are members of an association to described is not acceptable for High others is not permitted.”
qualify welders as a joint effort. The Pressure Fluid Service.
welders so qualified can go from one In summary, ASME always requires
participating contractor to another the use of qualified welding procedures
without having to be requalified each and welders.
time. However, there is a condition ASME sometimes permits the use of
attached; each participating contractor SWPSs purchased from AWS.
must have a representative present when ASME may permit the welders to be Inspection Trends encourages question
the welder is being tested and each qualified by others, as in the case and answer submissions. Please mail to
the editor at mjohnsen@aws.org.
contractor must “accept” the test sample described where all the participating
and the test results. contractors are present when the welders KENNETH ERICKSON is manager of qual-
It is my understanding of the are tested. ity at National Inspection & Consultants,
requirement that the contractor’s ASME B31.3 for High Pressure Fluid Inc., Ft. Myers, Fla. He is an AWS Senior
representative must be an employee who Service takes an exception to the use of Certified Welding Inspector, an ASNT Na-
is authorized to act in that capacity. In SWPs. tional NDT Level III Inspector in four meth-
other words, it is not acceptable for the My answers to your three questions ods, and provides expert witness review and
contractor to send the welder to a third- are as follows: analysis for legal considerations.
party testing agency to be qualified and 1. No, the contractors cannot share ALBERT J. MOORE JR. is vice president,
certified unless the contractor has an the WPS submitted by one of the Marion Testing & Inspection, Canton,
employee present to supervise, examine, contractors. Quoting from B31.3; Conn. He is an AWS Senior Certified
and accept the welder’s test coupon. K328.2.2 Procedures Qualification by Welding Inspector and an ASNT ACCP
Once again, the requirements of Others, “Qualification of welding NDT Level III. He is also a member of the
Section IX are modified when the owner procedures by others is not permitted.” AWS Certification Committee and the
invokes B31.3 and specifies High 2. No, for the same reason as above. Committee on Methods of Inspection of
Pressure Fluid Service. Once again, the 3. No, each contractor must qualify Welds.
construction code says the contractor and certify the welders they employ.
$6450.
$6450.
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Understanding
Understanding
Welding
Welding Symbols
CJP
Knowledge of weld joint terminology is essential for all levels of the welding design and production process. Use
of proper terms makes it much easier for welding personnel to communicate about various fit-up and welding
problems encountered during the fabrication process. A welding inspector
inspecto
inspector’s
’s ability to read and interpret welding
plans correctly is essential to properly inspecting a piece or part.
The seminar is approximately 12 hours long and concludes with a final test.
Scan code to
North America’s Largest Metal Forming, watch video.
Fabricating, Welding and Finishing Event
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