ECELAW1 Docu

ECELAW1
Engr. Leah A. Talusig
Fundamentals of Laws, Obligations and
Contracts
• Engineers mostly work in the business world, and they are therefore
required to perform their duties within the laws of the nation.
• Engineering is a profession that is critical to the advancement of
society.
Law
• In its widest and most comprehensive sense, the term “law” means
any rule of action or any system of uniformity.
• It is a formalized code of conduct describing what society feels is the
proper way to behave.
General Division of Law
Law may be divided into two general groups:
1. State Law: Law (in the strict legal sense) which is promulgated and
enforced by the state
2. Law (in the non-legal sense) which is not promulgated and enforced
by the state (divine law, natural law, moral law, and physical law)
Subjects of Law
• State law, divine law, natural law, and moral law are comprised in the
definition of law as a rule of action. They apply to men as rational
beings only.
• Physical law operates on all things, including men, without regard to
the latter’s use of their will power and intelligence. It is called law
only figuratively speaking.
Divine Law
• Divine law is the law of religion and faith which concerns itself with
the concept of sin (as contrasted with crime) and salvation.

• Source: It is formally promulgated by God and revealed or divulged to
mankind by means of direct revelation.
• Sanction: The sanction of divine law lies in the assurance of certain
rewards and punishments in the present life or in the life to come.
Natural Law
• Natural may be defined as the divine inspiration in man of the sense
of justice, fairness, and righteousness, not by divine revelation or
formal promulgation, but by internal dictates of reason alone.
• Natural law is ever present and binding on all men everywhere and at
all times. There is in every man a basic understanding of right and
wrong based on an understanding of the fundamental standard or
criterion of good and evil. In other words, there are some acts or
conduct which man knows in his heart and his conscience, not by
theorizing, but by the dictates of his moral nature, are simply good or
evil.
Natural Law
• Natural law is said to be impressed in man as the core of his higher
self at the very moment of being or, perhaps, even before that. On
the other hand, divine law is made known to man by means of direct
revelation.
• Natural law has been regarded as the reasonable basis of state law.
Moral Law
• Moral law refers to the totality of the norms of good and right
conduct growing out of the collective sense of right and wrong of
every community. (It is based on what the group believes to be right
or wrong)
• There is no definite legal sanction like imprisonment for violation of
purely moral law only approval or disapproval of the rest of the
group.
Moral Law
• Moral law is not absolute. It varies with the changing times,
conditions or convictions of the people.
• Moral law, to a great extent, influences or shapes state law.
Physical Law
• Physical law in general is consist of the uniformities of actions and
orders of sequence which are the physical phenomena that we sense
and feel. (e.g. law of gravitation, law of chemical combination.)
State Law (Law)
• State law is the law promulgated and enforced by the state. This is
also known as positive law, municipal law, civil law, or imperative law.
• As a rule of action, only state law is enforced by the state, with the aid
of its physical force, if necessary.
• In its general sense, state law refers to all the laws taken together. It
may be defined as the “the mass of obligatory rules established for
the purpose of governing the relations of persons in society.”
State Law (Law)
• In its specific sense, state law has been defined as “a rule of conduct,
just, obligatory, promulgated by legitimate authority, and of common
observance and benefit.”
Characteristics of State Law
1. It is a rule of conduct.
– Law tells us what shall be done and shall not be done.
2. It is obligatory.
– Law is considered a positive command imposing a duty to obey
and involving a sanction which forces obedience.
Characteristics of State Law
3. It is promulgated by legitimate authority.
– In the case of the Philippines, the legitimate or competent

authority is the legislature (e.g.. congress). Local government units
are also empowered to enact ordinances which have the binding
force of laws.
4. It is of common observance and benefit.
– Law must be observed by all for the benefit of all.
What would life be without law?
• The need for internal order is as constant as the need for external
defense.
• No society can be stable in which either of these requirements fails to
be provided for.
What does law do?
• Law
- secures justice
- resolves conflict
- orders society
- protects interests
- control social relations
What is our duty as members of society?
• Since we find law necessary, every citizen should have some
understanding of law and observe it for the common good.
Sources of Law
1. Constitution - the written instrument by which the fundamental
powers of the government are established, limited, and defined, and by
which these powers are distributed among the several departments for
their safe and useful exercise for the benefit of the people.
2. Legislation – It consists in the declaration of legal rules by a
competent authority. Acts passed by the legislature are so called
enacted law or statute law. Legislation includes ordinances enacted by
local government units.

Sources of Law
3. Administrative or executive orders, regulations, and rulings – They
are those issued by administrative officials under legislative authority.
They are valid only when they are not contrary to the laws and
constitution.
4. Judicial decisions or jurisprudence – The decisions of the courts
particularly the Supreme Court, applying or interpreting the laws or the
Constitution form part of the legal system of the Philippines. The
decisions of a superior court on a point of law are binding on all
subordinate courts. This is called the doctrine of precedent.
Sources of Law
5. Custom – It consists of those habits and practices which through long
and uninterrupted usage have become acknowledged and approved by
the society as binding rules of conduct. It has the force of law when
recognized and enforced by the state.
6. Other sources – May consists of principles of justice and equity,
decisions of foreign tribunals, opinion of text writers, and religion.
These are, however, only supplementary, that is, they are resorted to
by the courts in the absence of all other sources. They are, however,
not binding on the courts.
Organization of Courts
1. Regular courts – The Philippine judicial system consists of hierarchy
of courts resembling a pyramid with the Supreme Court at the apex.
Under present legislation, the other courts are
a. Court of appeals
b. Regional Trial Courts sitting in the different provinces and cities
c. Metropolitan Trial Courts in metropolitan areas established by
law; Municipal Trial Courts in cities not forming part of a
metropolitan area, and in municipalities; and Municipal Circuit

Trial Courts in areas defined as municipal circuits. Circuit courts
exercise jurisdiction over two or more cities and / or
municipalities.
• The Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals, and the Regional Trial
Courts are considered courts of general or superior jurisdiction.
2. Special Courts – There is, under the Constitution, a special anti-graft
court, the Sandiganbayan. It forms part of the judicial hierarchy
together with the Court of Tax Appeals, a special tax court created by
law, on the same level as the Court of Appeals.
3. Quasi-judicial agencies – Administrative bodies under the executive
branch performing quasi-judicial functions, like the
-National Labor Relations Commission
-Securities and Exchange Commission
-Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board
-Insurance Commission and
the independent Constitutional Commissions:
- Civil Service Commission
- Commission on Elections and Commission on Audit
do not form part of the integrated judicial system.
Their functions are described as “quasi-judicial” because they involve
also the settlement or adjudication of controversies or disputes.
Classifications of Law
1. as to its purpose
(a) Substantive law or that portion of the body of law creating and
defining rights and duties which may be either public or private in
character.
Ex. Law on Obligation and Contracts
(b) Adjective Law or that portion of the body of law prescribing the
manner or procedure by which rights may be enforced or their
violations redressed. Sometimes called remedial law or procedural
law.
Classifications of Law
2. as to its subject matter
(a) Public law or the body of legal rules which regulates the rights
and duties arising from the relationship of the state to the people.
Ex. Criminal law, international law, constitutional law,
administrative law, criminal procedure
(b) Private law or the body of rules which regulates the relations of
individuals with one another for purely private ends.
Ex. Law on obligation and contracts, civil law, commercial or
mercantile law, civil procedure
Law on Obligations and Contracts
• The law of obligation and contracts is the body of rules which deals
with the nature and sources of obligations and the rights and duties
arising from agreements and the particular contracts.
Civil Code of the Philippines
• The law on obligations and contracts is found in RA 386, otherwise
known as the Civil Code of the Philippines.
• The Civil Code is divided into four books. Book IV of the Civil Code
deals with obligations and contracts.
Obligation
• obligation is derived from the Latin word obligatio which means tying
or binding.
• It is a tie or bond recognized by law by virtue of which one is bound in
favor of another to render something—and this may consist in giving

a thing, doing a certain act, or not doing a certain act.
• Obligation is a juridical necessity because in case of noncompliance,
the courts of justice may be called upon by the aggrieved party to
enforce its fulfillment or, in default thereof, the economic value that it
represents.
Essential Requisites of an Obligation
1. Passive subject (called debtor or obligor) – the person who is bound
to the fulfillment of the obligation; he who has a duty;
2. Active Subject (called creditor or obligee) – the person who is
entitled to demand the fulfillment of the obligation; he who has a
right;
3. Object or Prestation (subject matter of the obligation) – the conduct
required to be observed by the debtor. It may consist in giving doing,
or not doing. Without the prestation, there is nothing to perform.
Essential Requisites of an Obligation
4. Juridical or legal tie (also called efficient cause) – that which binds or
connects the parties to the obligation.
Ex. Under a contract, Engr. X bound himself to design and install a
CCTV system for Mr. Y for Php 30,000.00.
Passive subject – Engr. X
Active subject – Mr. Y
Object or prestation – design and installation of a CCTV system
Juridical or legal tie – agreement or contract
Forms of Obligations
The form of an obligation refers to the manner in which an obligation is
manifested or incurred. It may be:
1. oral
2. in writing
3. partly oral and partly in writing

Kinds of Obligation According to the Subject Matter
1. Real Obligation (obligation to give) is that in which the subject matter
is a thing which the obligor must deliver to the obligee.
Ex. Mr. X (a supplier) binds himself to deliver a machine to Engr. Y
(a buyer)
2. Personal Obligation (obligation to do or not to do) is that in which
the subject matter is an act to be done or not to be done.
Kinds of Obligation According to the Subject Matter
Kinds of Personal Obligation:
1. Positive personal obligation or obligation to do or to render
service.
Ex. Engr. X binds himself to repair the machine of Ms. Y
2. Negative personal obligation is obligation not to do or not to give.
Ex. Engr. X obliges himself not to build a wall on a certain portion
of his lot in favor of Ms. Y who is entitled to a right of way
over said lot.
Sources of Obligations
1. Law – when they are imposed by law itself.
Ex. obligation to pay taxes
obligation to support one’s family
• Legal Obligations are obligations arising from law. They are not
presumed because they are considered a burden upon the obligor.
They are the exception, not the rule. To be demandable, they must be
clearly set forth in the law.
2. Contracts – when they arise from the stipulation of the parties
Ex. Obligation to repay a loan or indebtedness by virtue of an
agreement
• A contract is a meeting of minds between two parties whereby one

binds himself, with respect to the other, to give something or to
render some service.
• Contractual Obligations are obligations arising from contracts or
voluntary agreements. It is presumed that the contracts entered into
are valid and enforceable.
3. Quasi-contracts – when they arise from lawful, voluntary and
unilateral acts which are enforceable to the end that no one shall be
unjustly enriched or benefited at the expense of another.
Ex. Obligation to return money paid by mistake or which is not due
• A quasi-contract is that juridical relation resulting from lawful,
voluntary and unilateral acts by virtue of which the parties become
bound to each other to the end that no one will be unjustly enriched
or benefited at the expense of another.
4. Crimes or acts or omissions punished by law – when they arise from
civil liability which is the consequence of a criminal offense
Ex.Obligation of a thief to return the car stolen by him; the duty of a
murderer to indemnify the heirs of his victim.
5. Quasi-delicts or torts – when they arise from damage caused to
another through an act or omission, there being fault or negligence,
but no contractual relation exists between the parties
Ex. The obligation of the head of a family that lives in a building or a
part thereof to answer for damages caused by things thrown or
falling from the same; the obligation of the possessor of an
animal to pay for the damage which it may have caused.
Contract
 It is an agreement between two parties to do or not to do something.
Contract = Offer + Acceptance + Consideration

 An offer is an expression made by one person that leads another
person to reasonably expect that the promisor wishes to create an
agreement. The offer must be clear, definite, and specific, with no
room for serious misunderstanding.
Contract
 An acceptance of the offer is necessary to make a contract legally
binding. Both the offer and the acceptance must be voluntary acts.
 A contract cannot be forced on anyone. It is not enforceable by law
unless it contains an agreement to exchange promises with value, the
consideration.
 Often the terms of the contract contain liquidated damages that
are agreed to beforehand in case the contract comes into dispute.
Breach of contract
 It occurs when one party fails to perform its part on the contract.
• A breach of contract refers to violating a contract’s promise. It makes
no difference whether this was done intentionally or not.
• Fraud is intentional deceitful action aimed at depriving another party
of his or her rights or causing injury in some respect.
• Examples would be double billing a client or falsely certifying
documents.
• Negligence is failure to exercise proper care and provide expertise in
accordance with the standards of the profession that results in
damage to property or injury to persons.
Liability
• It means being bound or obligated to pay damages or restitution.
• Two common ways of incurring liability are breaching a contract or
committing a tort.
Tort
• It is a civil wrong committed against a person, or the business,

property, or reputation that causes damage.
• Common examples of torts are fraud, misrepresentation, negligence,
and product liability.
Product Liability
• It is the legal action by which an injured party seeks to recover
damages for personal injury or property loss from the producer or
seller of a product.
• Under the theory of law, the plaintiff must prove that:
(1) the product was defective and unreasonably dangerous,
(2) the defect existed at the time the product left the defendant’s
control,
Product Liability
(3) the defect caused the harm, and
(4) the harm is appropriately assignable to the identified
defect.
Goals of Product Liability Law
 Product liability law evolved to serve four basic societal goals:
 loss spreading - seeks to shift the accidental loss from the victim to
other parties better able to absorb or distribute it
 Punishment: It is important to recognize that under liability law the
designer, not just the company, may be held responsible for a
design defect.
 Deterrence: A third function is to prevent similar accidents from
happening in the future, that is, deterrence. Substantial damage
awards against manufacturers constitute strong incentives to
produce safer products.
 symbolic affirmation of social values: Finally, product liability laws
act as a kind of symbolic reaffirmation that society values human

safety and quality in products.
 Documentation of these design methods and of testing and quality
activities is vital.
 There should be an active product safety committee to see that every
step is taken to ensure the design and production of safe products.
 Finally, it may be a wise business decision to obtain insurance
protection for product liability suits and product recall expenses.
Negligence
 It is the failure to do something that a reasonable person, guided by
the considerations that ordinarily regulate human affairs, would do.
Negligence
 Negligence in design is usually based on one of three factors:
1. That the manufacturer’s design has created a concealed danger.
2. That the manufacturer has failed to provide needed safety devices
as part of the design of the product.
3. That the design called for materials of inadequate strength or failed
to comply with accepted standards.
Negligence
• Another common area of negligence is failure to warn the user of the
product concerning possible dangers involved in the product use. This
should take the form of warning labels firmly affixed to the product
and more detailed warnings of restrictions of use and maintenance
procedures in the brochure that comes with the product.
Protecting Intellectual Property
 There are two conflicting motivations for this: (1) creations of the
mind are becoming more valuable in the Information Age, and (2)
modern information technology makes it easy to transfer and copy
such information.
 A utility patent protects not only the specific embodiments of the
idea shown in the patent application but functional equivalents as
well.
 The design patent covers the ornamental aspects of a product such
as its shape, configuration, or surface decoration. Design patents are
easier to obtain than utility patents, and they are easier to enforce in
court.
The Legal and Ethical Domains
 While the boundary between legal and
illegal acts is generally well defined by
the law, the distinction between what is
ethical and what is unethical is much
less well defined. Professional
engineering societies provide guidance
by means of codes of ethics.
The Legal and Ethical Domains
• legal and ethical behavior, is where you should strive to operate at all
times.
• legal and unethical, the goal is to explain how to identify unethical
behavior and to learn what to do about it when it occurs.
• illegal and unethical, is the sector where “go-to-jail” cards are
distributed. In general, most illegal acts also are unethical.
• illegal and ethical, is a relatively rare event. The engineer has
breached a contract, but in what is believed to be a highly ethical
cause. Such a person would be called a whistle blower.
Ethics
 It is the study of human conduct that lays out the moral ground rules
based on society’s value
Ethical Conduct
 It is the behavior that is desired by society and is separate from the
minimum standards of the law.
• Thus, laws and ethics, while distinct, are not independent.
• For example, making a defective product despite taking all due care
may subject you to product liability law, but it is not generally
considered unethical.
Engineering Ethics
• The discipline or study of moral issues arising in and surrounding
engineering
• It will involve our relations with the
Engineer’s approach in decision making
• Preservation of the rights of
individuals as the primary good
• Maximizing human well-being as the
primary good
Morality
• refers to the concept of human action which pertains to matters of
right and wrong
• In some cases, ETHICS and MORALITY are interchangeable.
• In other cases, you may need to go against your morals to do the right
thing (the ethical thing to do).
Morality
Used within three contexts:
Three types of moral actions:
• Moral - if they reflect a person’s
values and those of society
• Immoral - if they go against a
person’s values or those of society
• Amoral - if they do not reflect choices

based on values or social norms
The Ethical or Moral Dilemma
• Situations where two or more moral
obligations, duties, or rights are in conflict
• Often, not just a choice between right and
wrong or good and evil
• Greater of goods
• Lesser of evils
How to be ethical in our actions
• Know all the facts
• Have a wide perspective
• Don’t look at the trees, look at the whole forest
• Determine the pros and cons of each possible action
• Rationalize
• Be Proactive
Foreword of the Code of Ethics
• Foundation of ethics
- Honesty
- Justice
- Courtesy
• Dynamic principles guiding one’s conduct and way of life.
Foreword of the Code of Ethics
• INTEGRITY is the keystone of professional conduct.
• INTEGRITY is the firm adherence to a code of moral values :
incorruptibility.
• A man with INTEGRITY is said to be a man of unquestionable
character.
• A man with INTEGRITY is a principled man.
Code of Ethics
 Values that are pertinent to professional ethics include:
 Honesty and truth
 Honor —showing respect, integrity, and reputation for
achievement
 Knowledge —gained through education and experience
 Efficiency —producing effectively with minimum of unnecessary
effort
 Diligence — persistent effort
 Loyalty —allegiance to employer’s goals
 Confidentiality —dependable in safeguarding information
 Protecting public safety and health
Code of Ethics of Engineers
The Fundamental Principles
Engineers uphold and advance the integrity, honor and dignity of the
engineering profession by:
1. using their knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human
welfare;
2. being honest and impartial and serving with fidelity their clients
(including their employers) and the public; and
3. striving to increase the competence and prestige of the
engineering profession.
The Fundamentals Canons
1. Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the
public in the performance of their professional duties.
2. Engineers shall perform services only in the areas of their
competence; they shall build their professional reputation on the
merit of their services and shall not compete unfairly with others.
3. Engineers shall continue their professional development through out
their careers and shall provide opportunities for the professional and
ethical development of those engineers under their supervision.
4. Engineers shall act in professional matters for each employer or
clients as faithful agents or trustees, and shall avoid conflicts of
interest or the appearance of conflicts of interest.
5. Engineers shall respect the proprietary information and intellectual
property rights of others, including charitable organizations and
professional societies in the engineering field.
6. Engineers shall associate only with reputable persons or
organizations.
7. Engineers shall issue public statements only in an objective and
truthful manner and shall avoid any conduct which brings discredit
upon the profession.
8. Engineers shall consider environmental impact and sustainable
development in the performance of their professional duties.
9. Engineers shall not seek ethical sanction against another engineer
unless there is good reason to do so under the relevant codes,
policies and procedures governing that engineer’s ethical conduct.
10. Engineers who are members of the society shall endeavor to abide
by the Constitution, By-Laws and policies of the society, and they
shall disclose knowledge of any matter involving another member’s
alleged violation of this Code of Ethics of the Society’s Conflicts of
interest policy in a prompt, complete and truthful manner to the
chair of the Committee and Ethical Standards and Review.
Engineering Profession
 Engineering is a profession, and as such, you are bound by the ethical
standards of the profession.

 It does not matter whether you have individually made that
agreement.
 The profession expects you to behave in a certain ethical way.
 The existence of a code of ethics is important to you because it gives
you an authoritative standard to fall back on if you are engaged in a
serious ethical conflict in the workplace.
Common Moral Issues that the Code of Ethics
resolve
• “Since it was not mentioned in the contract, I can disclose this
information”
– In our relation with the Labor, Client, Employer, we are expected to
• act faithfully and confidentially treat all matters concerning
his transactions with his clients
resolve
• “This work is substandard, but why would I care, I am not involved in
the project”
– Relations with the Public
• ECE shall guard against conditions that are threatening wherein
he is responsible; if he isn’t responsible, promptly call the
attention of those responsible for the conditions to be
corrected
resolve
• “I am objective in my decision, so this gift will not affect my decision”
– Relations with clients, Labor, Employer
• He shall not accept any commissions or allowances, directly or
indirectly from contractors, suppliers and all other parties
dealing with his clients and/or employers in connection with

the work for which he is responsible.
resolve
• “during EDSA revolution, ECEs at Channel 4 were instructed to shut
down the broadcast. But they did not heed the advice, since it is the
State they are in allegiance to not the sitting President”
– Relations with the State
• He shall offer his technology, skill, ability and experience to the
services of the State, even if it will involve personal sacrifices.
resolve
• “Why is PRC requiring this CPD points?”
– RA 9292
• All registered Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers,
and Electronics Technicians, shall comply with pertinent rules and
regulations already prescribed by and/or as may be prescribed and
promulgated by the Commission and/or the Board, the Accredited
Professional Organization and other government agencies, pursuant to
this Act and other relevant laws, international treaties, agreements
and/or covenants to which the Philippines is a signatory and has
ratified, with respect to continuing professional education and/or
development and/or other similar/related programs.
resolve
– Relations with the State
• He shall extend assistance, guidance and training to all
subordinates under his jurisdiction in order to increase their skill
and ability, knowledge, and experience for the purpose of
eventually increasing their responsibilities.

resolve
• “The fees of that PECE is really high, that is exorbitant, allow me to
sign that”
– Relations with fellow Engineers
• He shall not compete, by underbidding, through reduction in his
normal fees on the basis of charges for work, after having been
informed of the charges submitted by another engineer.
resolve
• “Air your grievance through the Bayanihan Forum”
• He shall individually or collectively with others in the profession
protect the profession from misunderstanding and/or
misrepresentations.
Other common issues resolved in the code
• He will exercise due restraint in criticizing another engineer’s work in
public, recognizing the fact that the engineering societies and the
engineering press provide the proper forum for technical discussion
and criticism.
• He shall not directly or indirectly injure the professional reputation,
prospects, advancement and/or practice of other engineers. However,
if he has proof or personal knowledge that an engineer has been
unethical and/or illegal in his practices, he shall inform in writing the
proper authorities for appropriate action.
The • legal
Learning Activity
Situation 1:
 Gary Smith is a district salesman for Zip-R Engineering Corp.,
manufacturers of automation equipment. He has submitted a

proposal to ABC Mfg. Co. for 20 specialized robots, in response to
their request for bids. The next day, Gary was talking with Joe Clark,
purchasing agent for ABC. In the course of the phone conversation
Joe told Gary, “Congratulations, you are a lucky guy.” Gary took this
as a signal that he had won the contract, and that a written
agreement would be entered into later.
Learning Activity
Because it was close to the end of the quarter, and he needed this job
to make his sales quota, Gary booked the job. Because Zip-R’s backlog
was low, they started work on the order immediately. One week later,
ABC’s VP of Manufacturing decided to buy the robots from another
company because of their reputation for requiring low maintenance.
Can Zip-R recover damages for breach of contract?
Learning Activity
Situation 2:
 Bill Garrison was hired by ABC Mfg. Co. as a consultant in plastic
processing, with a chemical engineering degree and 10 years of
experience. He was asked to recommend the equipment needed to
convert a certain product line from metal to plastic parts. In
particular, it was required that the production rate be at least equal
to that at which the line made metal parts. When over $10M of new
equipment was installed, it was found that because of longer cycle
time due to curing the plastic, the plastic line produced only 70
percent of the number of parts as made by the metal line in a given
time. Can ABC hold Garrison personally responsible for this
development?
Learning Activity
Situation 3:
 A small child threw an aerosol can into a blazing fireplace. The can
exploded, injuring the child, and the child’s father sued the
manufacturer of the cleaner in the spray can. The manufacturer
defended itself by stating that the can contained a label warning the
user not to incinerate. The child’s father argued that the
manufacturer should have anticipated that some cans would
accidentally be incinerated and that some sort of fail-safe design
should have been provided to prevent explosion.
Learning Activity
Situation 4:
 A consulting engineer is hired by the county to investigate a bridge
collapse. In the course of his investigation he examines a bridge of
similar design and finds that it is only marginally safe. He contacts the
county engineer to tell him about this discovery. The county official
tells him that they know about this condition and that they hope to
repair it in the next budget year. However, they must keep the second
bridge open because to close it would increase the response time of
emergency vehicles by about 30 minutes. What should the consulting
engineer do?
“A little knowledge can be a dangerous thing.”
“Ignorance of the law excuses no one.”
Objective Quiz Next Meeting

Today is Tuesday, October 06, 2020home
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Legal ResourcesAUSL Exclusive
Republic of the Philippines
Congress of the Philippines
Metro Manila
Twelfth Congress
Third Regular Session
Begun and held in Metro Manila, on Monday, the twenty-eight day of July, two thousand three.
Republic Act No. 9292 April 17, 2004
AN ACT PROVIDING FOR A MORE RESPONSIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE REGULATION FOR THE
REGISTRATION, LICENSING AND PRACTICE OF PROFESSIONAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERS AND ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS, REPEALING REPUBLIC ACT NO. 5734, OTHERWISE KNOWN
AS THE "ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES", AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippine Congress Assembled:
ARTICLE I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as the "Electronics Engineering Law of 2004".
Section 2. Statement of Policy. - The State recognizes the importance of electronics engineering in
nation-building and development. The State shall therefore develop and nurture competent, virtuous,
productive and well-rounded Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics
Technicians whose standards of practice and service shall be excellent, qualitative, world-class and
globally competitive through inviolable, honest, effective and credible licensure examinations and
through regulatory measures, programs and activities that foster their integrity, continuing professional
education, development and growth.
Section 3. Definition and Interpretation of Terms. - As used in this Act, the following terms shall mean:
(a) Electronics - the science dealing with the development and application of devices and systems
involving the flow of electrons or other carriers of electric charge, in a vacuum, in gaseous media, in
plasma, in semiconductors, in solid-state and/or in similar devices, including, but not limited to,
applications involving optical, electromagnetic and other energy forms when transduced or converted
into electronic signals.
(b) Professional Electronics Engineer - a person who is qualified to hold himself/herself out as a duly
registered/licensed Professional Electronics Engineer under this Act and to affix to his/her name the
letters "PECE".
(c) Electronics Engineer - a person who is qualified to hold himself/herself out as a duly
registered/licensed Electronics Engineer under this Act and to affix to his/her name the letters "ECE".
(d) Electronics Technician - a person who is qualified to hold himself/herself out as a duly
registered/licensed Electronics Technician under this Act and to affix to his/her name the letters "ECT".
(e) Electronics and Communications Engineer - a person who is qualified to hold himself/herself out as a
duly-registered/licensed Electronics and Communications Engineer under Republic Act No. 5734.
(f) Computer - any of a variety of electronic devices that is capable of accepting data, programs and/or
instructions, executing the programs and/or instructions to process the data and presenting the results.
(g) Information and Communications Technology - the acquisition, production, transformation, storage
and transmission/reception of data and information by electronic means in forms such as vocal,
pictorial, textual, numeric or the like; also refers to the theoretical and practical applications and
processes utilizing such data and information.
(h) Communications - the process of sending and/or receiving information, data, signals and/or
messages between two (2) or more points by radio, cable, optical wave guides or other devices and
wired or wireless medium
(i) Telecommunications - any transmission, emission or reception of voice, data, electronic messages,
text, written or printed matter, fixed or moving pictures or images, words, music or visible or audible
signals or sounds, or any information, intelligence and/or control signals of any design/format and for
any purpose, by wire, radio, spectral, visual/optical/light, or other electronic, electromagnetic and
technological means.
(j) Broadcast, Broadcasting - an undertaking the object of which is to transmit audio, video, text, images
or other signals or messages for reception of a broad audience in a geographical area via wired or
wireless means.
(k) Industrial Plant - includes all manufacturing establishments and other business endeavors where
electronic or electronically-controlled machinery or equipment are installed and/or are being used, sold,
maintained, assembled, manufactured or operated.
(l) Commercial Establishment - shall include but not be limited to office buildings, hotels, motels,
hospitals, condominiums, stores, apartments, supermarkets, schools, studios, stadia, parking areas,
memorial chapels/parks, watercraft and aircraft used for business or profit, and any other building/s or
area/s for business purposes, where electronic or electronically-controlled machinery or equipment are
installed and/or are being used, sold, maintained, assembled, manufactured or operated.
(m) Consulting Services - as used in this Act, shall include services requiring adequate technical
expertise, experience and professional capability in undertaking advisory and review, pre-investment or
feasibility studies, design, planning, construction, supervision, management and related services, and
other technical studies or special studies in the field of electronics engineering.
(n) Accredited Professional Organization - the integrated and accredited national organization of
Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians.
Section 4. Categories of Practice. - The following shall be the engineering and technician categories
covered by this Act:
(a) Professional Electronics Engineer (PECE)
(b) Electronics Engineer (ECE)
(c) Electronics Technician (ECT)
Section 5. Nature and Scope of Practice of Electronics Engineering and Electronics Technician
Professions.
(a) The scope and nature of practice of the Electronics Engineer shall embrace and consist of any work or
activity relating to the application of engineering sciences and/or principles to the investigation, analysis,
synthesis, planning, design, specification, research and development, provision, procurement, marketing
and sales, manufacture and production, construction and installation, tests/measurements/control,
operation, repair, servicing, technical support and maintenance of electronic components, devices,
products, apparatus, instruments, equipment, systems, networks, operations and processes in the fields
of electronics, including communications and/or telecommunications, information and communications
technology (ICT), computers and their networking and hardware/firmware/software development and
applications, broadcast/broadcasting, cable and wireless television, consumer and industrial electronics,
electro-optics/photonics/opto-electronics, electro-magnetics, avionics, aerospace, navigational and
military applications, medical electronics, robotics, cybernetics, biometrics and all other related and
convergent fields; it also includes the administration, management, supervision and regulatory aspects
of such works and activities; similarly included are those teaching and training activities which develop
the ability to use electronic engineering fundamentals and related advanced knowledge in electronics
engineering, including lecturing and teaching of technical and professional subjects given in the
electronics engineering and electronics technician curriculum and licensure examinations.
(b) The scope and nature of practice of the Professional Electronics Engineer shall embrace and consist
of all of the above plus the sole authority to provide consulting services as defined in this Act and to sign
and seal electronics plans, drawings, permit applications, specifications, reports and other technical
documents prepared by himself/herself and/or under his direct supervision.
(c) The scope and nature of practice of the Electronics Technician profession shall embrace and consist
of any non-engineering work or activity relating to the installation, construction, operation, control,
tests and measurements, diagnosis, repair and maintenance, manufacture and production, sales and
marketing of any electronic component/s, device/s, products, apparatus, instruments, equipment,
system/s, network/s, operations and processes located on land, watercraft, aircraft, industrial plants or
commercial establishments, including the teaching and training of technical and professional subjects
given in the electronics technician curriculum and licensure examinations.
ARTICLE II
PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY BOARD OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Section 6. Composition of the Board. - There is hereby created a Professional Regulatory Board of
Electronics Engineering, hereinafter referred to as the Board, under the administrative control and
supervision of the Professional Regulation Commission, hereinafter referred to as the Commission,
composed of a chairman and two (2) members who shall be appointed by the President of the
Philippines from the three (3) recommendees per position chosen and ranked by the Commission, which
recommendees shall in turn be chosen from the five (5) nominees for each position submitted by the
accredited professional organization, in accordance with rules and regulations presently in existence or
that may be promulgated for such purpose.
Section 7. Powers and Functions of the Board. - The Board is vested with the authority to:
(a) Administer/Implement the provisions of this Act;
(b) Administer oaths in connection with the administration of this Act;
(c) Adopt an official seal of the Board;
(d) Issue, suspend or revoke Certificates of Registration and accordingly the Professional Identification
Cards of Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers or Electronics Technicians, or
otherwise suspend the holder thereof from the practice of his/her profession, for any justifiable cause
and after due process;
(e) Maintain a roster of Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics
Technicians;
(f) Issue, suspend and/or cancel special permits to foreign Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics
Engineers or Electronics Technicians in accordance with the provisions of this Act;
(g) Prescribe, amend or revise the requirements for licensing of Professional Electronics Engineers, and
prepare, adopt and issue the syllabi of the subjects for the licensure examination for Electronics
Engineers and Electronics Technicians, and prepare the questions therefore, in strict conformance with
the scope of the syllabi;
(h) Adopt a program for the full computerization of the licensure examination;
(i) Grant registration without examination, subject to review and approval by the Commission, in
accordance with the provisions of this Act;
(j) Study, examine and recommend, in coordination with the Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
and the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), and in consultation with other
concerned government entities and the accredited professional organization, the essential requirements
as to curricula and facilities of schools, colleges or universities, seeking permission to open courses or
programs or already offering courses or programs in electronics engineering, electronics technician and
related courses or programs and to see to it that these requirements, including employment of qualified
faculty members, are properly complied with: Provided, That within three (3) years after the effectivity
of this Act, the Board shall, in coordination with CHED, TESDA, and in consultation with other concerned
government entities and the accredited professional organization, review and define/re-define the
curricula for electronics engineering, electronics technician and/or allied courses or programs for the
purpose of re-aligning, revising and/or consolidating the same and/or otherwise defining the minimum
requirements by means of which graduates of related or allied courses or programs can qualify to take
the Electronics Engineer and Electronics Technician licensure examinations;
(k) Inspect educational institutions and based on their findings thereon, recommend to CHED and/or the
TESDA and/or other government entities concerned with the granting of school permits or
authorization, the opening, improvement/upgrading or closure of colleges or schools and universities
offering electronics engineering and electronics technician courses or programs;
(l) Adopt and administer a Code of Ethics and a Code of Technical Standards of Practice for Professional
Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians in the Philippines;
(m) Promulgate rules and regulations on the scope of practice of Professional Electronics Engineers,
Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians;
(n) Promulgate a program for continuing professional education and/or development of Professional
Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians;
(o) Prescribe the minimum manning and manpower requirements for Professional Electronics Engineers,
Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians in industrial plants and commercial establishments for
purposes of ensuring compliance with the provisions of this Act and all other ordinances, laws, rules and
regulations that may be enacted hereinafter;
(p) Formulate, prescribe and adopt such rules and regulations for electronics installations in industrial
plants, commercial establishments and other buildings or structures covered by the National Building
Code of the Philippines, in coordination with the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH),
other concerned agencies, representatives of industry and the Accredited Professional Organization;
(q) Study the conditions affecting the Professional Electronics Engineering, Electronics Engineering and
Electronics Technician professions in the Philippines, and whenever necessary, exercise the powers
conferred by this and other Acts, and adopt such measures as may be deemed proper for the
enhancement and advancement of the professions and/or the maintenance of high professional, ethical
and technical standards, and for this purpose, the Board may personally or through subordinate
employees of the Commission or member/s of the Accredited Professional Organization, duly authorized
by the Board and approved by the Commission, conduct ocular inspection or visit industrial plants and
commercial establishments where Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and
Electronics Technicians are employed for the purpose of determining compliance with the provisions of
law relative thereto, in accordance with established policies promulgated by the Commission;
(r) Hear and decide violations of this Act, its implementing rules and regulations, the Code of Ethics and
the Code of Technical Standards of Practice for the profession, and for this purpose, issue subpoena ad
testificandum and/or subpoena duces tecum to secure attendance of witnesses and the production of
documents in connection with the charges presented to and/or any investigation pending before the
Board;
(s) Delegate the hearing or investigation of administrative cases filed before it to authorized officers of
the Commission, except in cases where the issue involved strictly concerns the practice of the
Professional Electronics Engineering, Electronics Engineering and Electronics Technician Professions, in
which case the hearing shall be presided over by at least one (1) member of the Board assisted by a
Legal or Hearing Officer of the Commission;
(t) Promulgate resolutions, orders and/or decisions on such administrative cases: Provided, That such
resolutions, orders and/or decisions shall be subject to appeal within fifteen (15) days from receipt
thereof with the Commission, which may affirm or reverse the same, dismiss the case, deny the appeal
or remand the case to the Board for further action or proceeding: Provided, further, That if after fifteen
(15) days from the receipt of such decision no appeal is taken therefrom to the Commission, the same
shall become final and immediately enforceable;
(u) Submit an annual action plan and corresponding report at the beginning and close of each fiscal year
on the activities, proceedings and accomplishments of the Board for the year, incorporating therein any
recommendation to the Commission; and
(v) Discharge such other powers and functions as the Board and the Commission may deem necessary
for the practice of the profession and the upgrading, enhancement, development and growth of the
Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer and Electronics Technician professions in the
Philippines. Except those in administrative cases, all resolutions embodying rules and regulations and
other policies and measures issued and/or promulgated by the Board shall be subject to the review and
approval by the Commission.
Section 8. Qualifications of Board Members. - The chairman and members of the Board must possess the
following qualifications at the time of their appointment:
(a) Be a citizen and a resident of the Philippines for at least five (5) consecutive years prior to his/her
appointment;
(b) Be of good moral character and integrity;
(c) Be a holder of a valid Certificate of Registration and a valid Professional Identification Card as a
Professional Electronics Engineer, duly qualified to practice as a Professional Engineer in the Philippines;
(d) Be a member of good standing of the Accredited Professional Organization;
(e) Be in active practice of the electronics engineering profession for at least ten (10) years prior to his
appointment, either in self-practice, or employment in government service and/or in the private sector;
(f) Must not have any pecuniary interest, directly or indirectly, in any school, academy, college,
university or institution conferring an academic degree and/or certification/accreditation necessary for
admission to the practice of Electronics Engineering and/or Electronics Technician or where review
classes in preparation for the licensure examination are being offered or conducted nor shall he/she be
a member of the faculty or of the administration thereof prior to taking his/her oath of office; and
(g) Must not have been convicted of an offense involving moral turpitude.
Section 9. Term of Office. - The members of the Board shall hold office for a term of three (3) years from
date of appointment or until their successors shall have been appointed and qualified and may be re-
appointed once for another term. Any vacancy occurring within the term of a member shall be filled for
the unexpired portion of the term only: Provided, That the member appointed to serve the unexpired
term may be re-appointed more than once for as long as his/her continuous tenure shall not exceed six
(6) years. Each member of the Board shall take the proper oath prior to the assumption of office.
Section 10. Compensation and Allowances of the Board. - The Chairman and members of the Board shall
receive compensation and allowances comparable to that being received by the Chairman and members
of existing regulatory boards under the Commission as provided for in the General Appropriations Act.
Section 11. Removal of Board Members. - The President of the Philippines, upon recommendation of the
Commission, may suspend or remove any member of the Board for neglect of duty, incompetence,
manipulation or rigging of the licensure examination results, disclosure of secret information or the
examination questions prior to the conduct of the said examination, or tampering of the grades therein,
for unprofessional or unethical conduct, or for any final judgment or conviction of any criminal offense
by the Courts, after having given the member concerned an opportunity to be heard and/or to defend
himself/herself in a proper administrative investigation.
Section 12. Custodian of Board Records, Secretariat and Support Services. - All records of the Board,
including applications for examination, administrative cases involving Professional Electronics Engineers,
Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians shall be kept by the Commission.
The Commission shall designate the Secretary of the Board and shall provide the secretariat and other
support services to implement the provisions of this Act.
ARTICLE III
EXAMINATION, REGISTRATION AND LICENSURE

Section 13. Licensure Examination. - Except as otherwise specifically provided in this Act, all applicants
seeking to be registered and licensed as Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians, shall undergo
the required examinations to be given by the Board in such places and dates as the Commission may
designate in accordance with the provisions of Republic Act No. 8981.
Section 14. Qualifications for Examinations. - In order to be allowed to take the examination for
Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician, an applicant must, at the time of the filing of his/her
application, establish to the satisfaction of the Board that:
(a) He/She is a citizen of the Philippines or of a foreign country qualified to take the examination as
provided for in Section 33 of this Act;
(b) He/She is of good moral character and had not been convicted by a court of law of a criminal offense
involving moral turpitude;
(c) For the Electronics Engineering examinations, he/she is a holder of a degree of Bachelor of Science in
Electronics and Communications Engineering or Electronics Engineering, or subject to compliance with
minimum requirements to be prescribed by the Board, such equivalent and/or related engineering
course or program from any school, institute, college, or university recognized by the Government or
the State where it is established, after completing a resident collegiate course equivalent to that of a full
baccalaureate degree;
(d) For the Electronics Technician examinations:
(1) is a graduate of an Associate, Technician, Trade or Vocational course in electronics or, subject to the
evaluation of the Board, such equivalent and/or related formal or non-formal course or program from
any school, college, university or training institution recognized by the Government or the State where it
is established, after completing a resident course or program of not less than two (2) years, or
(2) has completed at least the minimum third-year equivalent of a Bachelor of Science program in
Electronics and Communications Engineering or Electronics Engineering program according to CHED
guidelines, or, subject to the evaluation of the Board such equivalent and/or related engineering course
or program from any school, institute, college or university recognized by the Government or State
where it is established;
Section 15. Scope of Examination for Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians. - The
examination for Electronics Engineers shall consist of written tests which shall cover subjects prescribed
by the Board but including at least the following: Mathematics, Applied Sciences, Engineering
Economics, Laws and Ethics, Electronics, Communications, Computers, and Information and
Communications Technology.
The examinations for Electronics Technician shall consist of written and/or practical tests covering
subjects to be prescribed by the Board and shall cover subjects specific to the practice of Electronics
Technicians.
As urgent and important need arises so as to conform to technological and modern changes, the Board
may re-cluster, rearrange, modify, add to or exclude any subject and prescribe the number of final
examination/s per year after approval by the Commission. The PRC Board resolution thereon shall be
officially published in the Official Gazette or major daily newspapers of general circulation and also
circularized and disseminated to all colleges.
Section 16. Ratings. - To pass the licensure examination, a candidate for Electronics Engineer or
Electronics Technician must obtain a passing rating of seventy percent (70%) in each subject given
during the examination: Provided, however, That a candidate who obtains a passing rating in the
majority of the subjects but obtains a rating in the other subject/s below seventy percent (70%) but not
lower than sixty percent (60%), shall be allowed to take one removal examination on the subject/s
where he/she failed to obtain the passing rating: Provided, finally, That should the examinee fail to
obtain a passing rating in the removal examination, he/she shall be considered as having failed the
entire licensure examination.
Section 17. Release of the Results of Examination. - The Board and the Commission shall correct and rate
the licensure examination papers and shall release the examination results within fifteen (15) days after
the said examination.
Section 18. Qualifications and Schedule of Registration for Professional Electronics Engineer. - For
application for registration as a Professional Electronics Engineer, the following shall be required:
(a) Valid Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card as Electronics Engineer;
(b) Valid/current membership identification card from the Accredited Professional Organization;
(c) Certified experience record of active self-practice and/or employment either in government service
or in the private sector, in the format to be prescribed by the Board, indicating the inclusive dates,
companies worked for, description of specific responsibilities, relevant accomplishments and name,
position of immediate supervisors for a period of at least seven (7) years (inclusive and/or aggregate), at
least two (2) years of which are in responsible charge of significant engineering work, from the date
applicant took his/her oath as an Electronics and Communications Engineer or Electronics Engineer;
(d) Three (3) certifications signed by three (3) Professional Electronics Engineers attesting that the
experience record submitted by the applicant is factual.
Applications for registration as Professional Electronics Engineer may be submitted anytime to the
Commission. The Board shall then schedule an en banc oral interview of the applicant for the purpose of
verifying, authenticating and assessing the submittals and establishing the competency of the applicant
according to rules, regulations and competency standards to be formulated by the Board: Provided, That
those who have been registered and licensed as Electronics and Communications Engineers under
Republic Act No. 5734 for at least seven (7) years upon the effectivity of this Act need only to submit
items (a), (b), and (c) above: Provided, further, That those who have been registered and licensed as
Electronics and Communications Engineers under Republic Act No. 5734 for less than seven (7) years
after the effectivity of this Act shall submit their certified experience records and certifications from
three (3) Professional Electronics Engineers as in items (c) and (d) above, and submit to an en banc oral
interview of the Board for competency assessment, upon passing of which he can be registered as a
Professional Electronics Engineer.
Section 19. Issuance of the Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card. - A Certificate
of Registration shall be issued to examinees who pass the Electronics Engineer and Electronics
Technician licensure examination, to Electronics Engineers who are registered as Professional Electronics
Engineers and to Electronics Technicians who are registered without examination, subject to payment of
fees prescribed by the Commission. The Certificate of Registration shall bear the signature of the
Chairperson and Members of the Board, stamped with the official seal of the Commission and the
Board, indicating that the person named therein is entitled to practice the profession with all the
privileges appurtenant thereto, subject to compliance with all applicable requirements. The said
certificate shall remain in full force and effect until withdrawn, suspended or revoked in accordance with
this Act.
A Professional Identification Card bearing the registration number, date of registration, duly signed by
the Chairperson of the Commission, shall likewise be issued to every registrant who has paid the
prescribed fee. This identification card will serve as evidence that the holder thereof is duly registered
with the Commission.
Section 20. Registration without Examination for Electronics Technicians. -Within five (5) years after the
effectivity of this Act, the Board shall issue Certificates of Registration and Professional Identification
Cards without examination to applicants for registration as Electronics Technicians who shall present
evidence or other proof satisfactory to the Board that:
(a) He/She is a graduate of at least a two-year Associate, Technician, Trade or Vocational course in
Electronics as certified by the TESDA, or that he/she has completed at least the minimum third-year
equivalent of a Bachelor's Degree of Science in Electronics and Communications Engineering or
Electronics Engineering program according to CHED guidelines, or, subject to the evaluation of the
Board, an equivalent and/or related formal or non-formal course or program from any school, institute,
college, university or training institution recognized by the Government or the State where it is
established, and
(b) He/She has rendered at least seven (7) years (inclusive or aggregate) of active self-practice and/or
employment either in the Government or private sector, indicating therein his/her specific duties and
responsibilities, relevant accomplishments, the complete names and addresses of clients and companies
or persons worked for, as well as the names and positions of immediate superiors.
The above submittals shall be accompanied by a certification from at least three (3) registered
Professional Electronics Engineers vouching for the integrity, technical capability and good moral
character of the applicant.
Section 21. Non-issuance of a Certificate of Registration and/or Professional Identification Card for
Certain Grounds. - The Board and/or the Commission shall not register and shall not issue a Certificate of
Registration and Professional Identification Card to any person convicted by a court of competent
jurisdiction of any crime involving moral turpitude, to any person of immoral or dishonorable conduct
and to any person of unsound mind, furnishing the party concerned a written statement containing the
reasons for such action, which statement shall be incorporated in the records of the Board.
Section 22. Professional Oath. - All successful examinees and all those who have qualified for
registration without examination shall be required to take a professional oath before any member of the
Board or any person authorized by the Commission before he/she can be registered and issued a
Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card, and as a prerequisite to practicing as a
Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician.
Section 23. Revocation and Suspension of Certificate of Registration, Professional Identification Card and
Cancellation of Special Permits. - The Board shall, upon proper notice and hearing, revoke or suspend
the validity of a Certificate of Registration and accordingly the Professional Identification Card, or cancel
a Special Permit granted under Section 26 herein, for any of the causes mentioned in the preceding
sections, or for unprofessional or unethical conduct, malpractice, incompetence or any violation of this
Act and its implementing rules and regulations, the Code of Ethics and the Code of Technical Standards
of Practice, or where fraud, deceit, or false statement was found to have been employed in obtaining
said Certificate of Registration, Professional Identification Card or Special Permit.
Section 24. Reinstatement, Re-issuance or Replacement of Certificate of Registration and Professional

Identification Card. - The Board may, two (2) years after the revocation of a Certificate of Registration
and Professional Identification Card, upon application and for reasons deemed proper and sufficient,
reinstate the validity of a revoked Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card, subject
to compliance with the applicable requirements of the Commission, and the Board: Provided, That
he/she did not commit any illegal practice of the profession or any violation of this Act, its rules, codes
and policies during the time that his/her Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card
was revoked.
A new Certificate of Registration or Professional Identification Card to replace lost, destroyed, or

mutilated certificate or registration card may be issued, subject to the rules promulgated by the Board
and the Commission, upon payment of the required fees.
Section 25. Roster of Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics
Technicians. - The Board shall prepare and maintain a roster of the names, residence and/or office
address of all registered Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics
Technicians, which shall be updated annually in cooperation with the Accredited Professional
Organization, indicating therein the status of the Certificate of Registration, Professional Identification
Card and membership in the Accredited Professional Organization of the professional, whether valid,
inactive due to death or other reasons, delinquent, suspended or revoked. The said roster shall be
conspicuously posted within the premises of the Commission and the information therefrom made
available to the public upon inquiry or request.
Section 26. Exemptions from Examination and Registration. - No examination and registration shall be
required for foreign Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers or Electronics Technicians
who are temporarily employed by the Philippine Government or by private firms in the Philippines in the
following cases:
(a) Where no qualified equivalent Filipino professional is available for the specific item of work to be
rendered, as attested to by the Accredited Professional Organization;
(b) Where the conditions of the scope and funding for the work or project are such that it stipulates the
temporary employment of a foreign professional;
(c) As defined in the General Agreement on Trade in Services, the ASEAN and APEC Engineer Registry
programs and other similar international treaties, agreements and/or covenants to which the Philippine
Government is a signatory and has ratified: Provided, however, That:
(1) The said foreign professional is legally qualified to practice his/her profession in his/her own country
in which the requirements for licensing and registration are not lower than those specified in this Act;
(2) The work to be performed by said foreign professional shall be limited only to the particular work or
project for which he/she was specifically contracted;
(3) Prior to commencing the work, the foreign professional shall secure a Special Permit from the Board,
which shall be subject to the approval of the Commission; Provided, That no working visa and/or permit
shall be issued by concerned government agencies unless such Special Permit has been granted first;
(4) The same foreign professional shall not engage in private practice on his/her own account;
(5) For every foreign professional contracted for the work or project, at least two (2) corresponding
Filipino professionals who are registered under this Act shall be employed as counterparts by the
Philippine Government or the private firm utilizing the services of such foreign professional for at least
the same duration of time as the foreigner's tenure of work; and
(6) The Special Permit herein granted shall be valid only for a period of not more than six (6) months and
renewable every six (6) months thereafter subject to the discretion of the Board and the approval of the
Commission: Provided, That said permit shall cease to be valid if the foreigner terminates his/her
employment in the work or project for which said permit was originally granted and thereafter engages
in an occupation that requires another Special Permit or registration under this Act.
ARTICLE IV
PRACTICE OF PROFESSIONAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING, ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING AND

ELECTRONICS TECHNICIANS
Section 27. Practice of the Profession. - No person shall offer himself/herself in the Philippines as, or use
the title "Professional Electronics Engineer", "Electronics Engineer" or "Electronics Technician", as
defined in this Act, or use any word, letter figure, or sign whatsoever, tending to convey the impression
that he/she is a Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician, or
advertise that he/she is qualified to perform the work of a Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics
Engineer or Electronics Technician, without holding a valid Certificate of Registration and a valid
Professional Identification Card in accordance with this Act, except as provided under Section 26 hereof.
Section 28. Prohibitions and Limitations on the Practice of Electronics Engineering and Electronics
Technician Profession. - Unless otherwise prescribed by any supervening law, the practice of electronics
engineering and electronics technician shall be a professional service, admission to which must be
determined on the basis of the individual's personal qualifications. Hence, no firm, company,
partnership, association or corporation may be registered or licensed as such for the practice of
electronics engineering and electronics technician. However, persons properly registered and licensed
as Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers or Electronics Technicians may, among
themselves or with any other allied professionals, form a partnership or association or corporation and
collectively render services as such: Provided, That individual members of such partnerships or
associations or corporations shall be responsible for their own respective acts.
Section 29. Seal of the Professional Electronics Engineers. - All licensed Professional Electronics
Engineers shall obtain and use a seal of a design prescribed by the Board bearing the registrant's name,
registration number and title. Plans, drawings, permit applications, specifications, reports and other
technical documents prepared by and/or executed under the supervision of, and issued by the
Professional Electronics Engineer shall be stamped on every sheet/page with said seal, indicating therein
his/her current Professional Tax Receipt (PTR) number, date/place of payment and current membership
number in the Accredited Professional Organization, when filed with government authorities or when
used professionally.
Section 30. Code of Ethics and Code of Technical Standards of Practice. - The Board shall adopt a Code of
Ethics and the Code of Technical Standards of Practice for Electronics Engineers and Electronics
Technicians, which shall be promulgated by the Accredited Professional Organization.
ARTICLE V
SUNDRY PROVISIONS
Section 31. Continuing Professional Education (CPE) and/or Development Programs. - All registered
Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers, and Electronics Technicians, shall comply with
pertinent rules and regulations already prescribed by and/or as may be prescribed and promulgated by
the Commission and/or the Board, the Accredited Professional Organization and other government
agencies, pursuant to this Act and other relevant laws, international treaties, agreements and/or
covenants to which the Philippines is a signatory and has ratified, with respect to continuing
professional education and/or development and/or other similar/related programs.
Section 32. Integrated and Accredited Professional Organization. - There shall be one (1) integrated and
Accredited Professional Organization of Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and
Electronics Technicians in the country, which shall be registered with the Securities and Exchange
Commission as a non-stock, non-profit corporation and recognized by the Board, the Commission and all
government agencies as the one and only integrated and accredited national organization for the said
professionals. Every Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer and Electronics Technician,
upon registration with the Commission as such, shall ipso facto become a member of this Accredited
Professional Organization. Those who have been previously registered by the Board but are not
members of this Accredited Professional Organization at the time of effectivity of this Act, shall be
allowed to register as members of this organization within three (3) years after the effectivity of this Act.
Membership in this Accredited Professional Organization shall not be a bar to membership in other
associations of the electronics engineering and electronics technician professions.
The Accredited Professional Organization shall implement the continuing professional education,
accredit other organizations or entities to provide continuing professional education, and/or
development program promulgated by the Board and/or the Commission, compliance with which shall
be one of the requisites for the maintenance of membership in good standing of the professional in the
Accredited Professional Organization. All members of good standing of this Accredited Professional
Organization shall be issued an annual membership card indicating the membership number and validity
period of the membership, which shall be affixed to all plans, specifications and any document signed by
the member in the course of practice of his/her profession. Failure to maintain membership in good
standing in the Accredited Professional Organization shall be a cause for listing of the individual as
delinquent in the roster of professionals.
Section 33. Foreign Reciprocity. - No foreigner shall be admitted for registration as Professional
Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician with or without examination under
this Act unless he/she proves in the manner as provided by the Board that, by specific provisions of law,
the country, state or province of which he/she is a citizen, subject or national, or in accordance with
international treaties, agreements and/or covenants to which their country, state or province is a
signatory, admits Filipino citizens to practice as Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer or
Electronics Technician after an examination or registration process on terms of strict and absolute
equality with the citizens, subjects or nationals of said country, including the unconditional recognition
of professional licenses issued by the Board and/or the Commission and prerequisite degrees/diplomas
issued by institutions of learning duly recognized by the government of the Philippines.
Section 34. Positions in Government Requiring the Services of Registered and Licensed Professional
Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians. - Within three (3) years from
the effectivity of this Act, all existing and proposed positions in the local and national government,
whether career, permanent, temporary or contractual and primarily requiring the services of
Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers or Electronics Technicians shall accordingly be
filled only by registered and licensed Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers or
Electronics Technicians.
ARTICLE VI
PENAL PROVISION AND ASSISTANCE OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES
Section 35. Penal Provision. - The following shall be punished by a fine of not less than One hundred
thousand pesos (P100,000.00) nor more than One million pesos (P1,000,000.00), or by imprisonment of
not less than six (6) months nor more than six (6) years, or both, in the discretion of the court:
(a) Any person who shall give any false or fraudulent statement to the Board to obtain a Certificate of
Registration and/or Professional Identification Card as Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics
Engineer or Electronics Technician;
(b) Any person who shall present or use as his/her own a Certificate of Registration, Professional
Identification Card, membership identification card in the Accredited Professional Organization and/or
seal issued to another and any person who allows the use of his/her Certificate of Registration,
Professional Identification Card, membership card in the Accredited Professional Organization and/or
seal;
(c) Any person who shall present or use a revoked or suspended Certificate of Registration as
Professional Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician;
(d) Any person who shall assume, use, advertise or otherwise practice as Professional Electronics
Engineer, Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician, or append to his/her name, any letter/s or
words tending to convey the impression that he/she is a registered Professional Electronics Engineer,
Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician, when in fact he/she is not duly registered with the Board
as such;
(e) Any Professional Electronics Engineer, or any person on his/her behalf, who shall stamp or seal any
document with his/her seal as such after his/her Certificate of Registration, Professional Identification
Card and membership card in the Accredited Professional Organization has been revoked or suspended
or after he/she has been suspended from practice or removed from the roster of Professional
Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineers or Electronics Technicians;
(f) Any Professional Electronics Engineer who shall sign his/her name, affix his/her seal, or use any other
method of signature on plans, technical descriptions or other documents prepared by or under the
supervision of another Professional Electronics Engineer, unless the same is prepared in such manner as
to clearly indicate the part of such work actually performed by the former;
(g) Any person, except the Professional Electronics Engineer or Electronics Engineer in-charge, who shall
sign for any electronics engineering work, or any function of electronics engineering practice, not
actually performed by him/her;
(h) Any person holding a Certificate of Registration and Professional Identification Card as Professional
Electronics Engineer, Electronics Engineer or Electronics Technician who shall be involved in illegal wire-
tapping, cloning, hacking, cracking, piracy and/or other forms of unauthorized and malicious electronic
eavesdropping and/or the use of any electronic devices in violation of the privacy of another or in
disregard of the privilege of private communications and/or safety to life, physical and/or intellectual
property of others, or who shall maintain an unlicensed and/or unregistered communications system or
device; and
(i) Any person who shall violate any provision of this Act or any rules, regulations, the Code of Ethics and
the Code of Technical Standards of Practice promulgated under this Act.
Section 36. Assistance of Law Enforcement and Other Government Agencies. - Any law enforcement
agency shall, upon call or request of the Board and/or the Commission, render assistance in enforcing
this Act including the Code of Ethics, Code of Technical Standards of Practice and the implementing rules
and regulations and measures promulgated hereunder, by prosecuting violators thereof in accordance
with law and the Rules of Court.
Any department, instrumentality, office, bureau, institution or agency of the government including local
governments, upon call or request from the Board and/or the Commission, shall render such assistance
as it may require, cooperate and coordinate with it in carrying out, enforcing or implementing this Act,
the codes, policies, measures, programs or activities of the Board and/or the Commission that it may
undertake pursuant to the provisions of this Act.
ARTICLE VII
TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
Section 37. Transitory Provision. - Upon effectivity of this Act, the incumbent Board of Electronics and
Communications Engineering shall complete all pending/unfinished works within a six (6)-month period,
after which it shall cease to exist. The President of the Philippines shall before then appoint the
Chairman and members of the first Board of Electronics Engineering in accordance with Sections 6 and 8
herein, who shall formulate and thereafter promulgate the rules and regulations for the implementation
of this Act.
Section 38. Vested Rights: Electronics and Communications Engineers when this Law is Passed. -
Electronics and Communications Engineers holding a valid Certificate of Registration and Professional
Identification Card at the time of effectivity of this Act shall be automatically registered and recognized
as Electronics Engineers and shall be issued a new Certificate of Registration and Professional
Identification Card as Electronics Engineers with the same license number as their original Electronics
and Communications Engineer Certificate of Registration, subject to the payment of prescribed fees and
other requirements of the Board and/or Commission.
ARTICLE VIII
FINAL PROVISION
Section 39. Implementing Rules and Regulations. - Subject to the approval of the Commission, the
Board, in coordination with the accredited professional organization, shall adopt and promulgate such
rules, regulations, resolutions, the Code of Ethics and the Code of Technical Standards of Practice for
Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians to carry out the
provisions of this Act, which shall be published in the Official Gazette or a newspaper of general
circulation and shall be effective fifteen (15) days after publication therein.
Section 40. Appropriations. - The Chairperson of the Professional Regulation Commission shall include in
the Commission's program the implementation of this Act, the funding of which shall be included in the
annual General Appropriations Act.
Section 41. Separability Clause. - If any provisions of this Act or any portion hereof is declared
unconstitutional by any competent court, the other provisions hereof shall not be affected thereby.
Section 42. Repealing Clause. - Republic Act No. 5734 is hereby repealed. All other laws, executive
orders, rules and regulations or parts thereof in conflict with the provisions of this Act are hereby
repealed or amended accordingly.
Section 43. Effectivity. - This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days following its full publication in the
Official Gazette or any newspaper of general circulation.
Approved,
FRANKLIN DRILON
President of the Senate
JOSE DE VENECIA JR.
Speaker of the House of Representatives
This act which is a consolidation of House Bill No. 5224 and Senate Bill No. 2683 was finally passed by
the House of Representatives and the Senate on February 2, 2004.
OSCAR G. YABES
Secretary of Senate
ROBERTO P. NAZARENO
Secretary General
House of Represenatives
Approved: April 17, 2004
GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO
President of the Philippines
Pledge of an Electronics Engineer
I am an Electronics Engineer. In my profession, I take deep pride, but without vainglory; to it I
owe solemn obligations that I am eager to fulfill.
As an Electronics Engineer, I will participate in none but honest and legal enterprises. To him
who has engaged my services, as employer or client, I will give the utmost of performance and
fidelity.
When needed, my skill and knowledge shall be given without reservation for the public good.
From my special capacity springs the obligation to use it well in the service of humanity; and I
accept the challenge that this implies.
Zealous of the high repute of my colleague, I will strive to protect the interest and the good name
of any engineer that I know be deserving; but I will not shirk, should duty dictate, from
disclosing the truth regarding anyone who, by unscrupulous act, has shown himself unworthy of
the profession.
As others before me have vitalized and turned to practical account the principles of science and
the revelations of technology and have rendered usable to mankind nature’s vast resources of
matter and energy so do I dedicate myself to the analysis,
synthesis and dissemination of engineering knowledge and practice, and especially to the
instruction of younger members of my profession in all its arts and traditions.
To my colleagues I pledge, in the same full measure, I ask of them, integrity and fair dealing,
tolerance and respect, and devotion to the standards and the dignity of our profession, with the
consciousness, always, that our special expertise carries with it the obligation to serve humanity
with complete dedication.

So help me God.
RA 9292
Implementing Rules and
Regulations
Presented by:
Sylvia I. Marcelo, P.E.C.E.
Chairperson, Professional Regulatory Board of
Electronics Engineering
Republic of the Philippines
Professional Regulation Commission
Manila
Resolution No. 02
Series of 2007
RULES AND REGULATIONS TO
IMPLEMENT THE PROVISIONS
OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9292,
“THE ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING LAW OF 2004.”
Rule I
STATEMENT OF POLICY,
DEFINITION OF TERMS,
SCOPE OF PRACTICE
n SECTION 1. Title. – This Resolution shall be
known as the “RULES AND

REGULATIONS OF THE
“ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING LAW
OF 2004”
, hereinafter - referred to as the
“IRR”
n SECTION 2. Statement of Policy:
n The State recognizes the importance of electronics
engineering in nation-building and development.
n The state shall therefore develop and nurture competent,
virtuous, productive and well-rounded Professional
Electronic Engineers, Electronics Engineers and
Electronics Technicians whose standard of practice and
service shall be excellent, qualitative, world class and
globally competitive through inviolable, honest, effective
and credible licensure examinations and through
regulatory measures, programs and activities that foster
their integrity, continuing professional education,
development and growth.
SECTION 3. Definition and Interpretation of
Terms – As used in R.A. 9292, the following terms shall
mean:
(a) Act – refers to R.A. 9292
(b) Electronics - the science dealing with the
development and application of devices and systems
involving the flow of electrons or other carriers of
electric charge, in a vacuum, in gaseous media, in
plasma, in semiconductors, in solid-state and/or in
similar devices, including, but not limited to, applications
involving optical, electromagnetic and other energy

forms when transduced or converted into electronic
signals.
n (c) Professional Electronics Engineer - a person
who is qualified to hold himself/herself out as a duly
registered/licensed Professional Electronics Engineer
under this Act and to affix to his/her name the letters
"PECE".
n (d) Electronics Engineer - a person who is qualified
to hold himself/herself out as a duly
registered/licensed Electronics Engineer under this
Act and to affix to his/her name the letters "ECE".
n (e) Electronics Technician - a person who is
qualified to hold himself/herself out as a duly
registered/licensed Electronics Technician under this
Act and to affix to his/her name the letters "ECT".
n (f) Electronics and Communications Engineer - a
person who is qualified to hold himself/herself out as
a duly-registered/licensed Electronics and
Communications Engineer under Republic Act No.
5734.
n (g) Computer – any of a variety of electronic devices
that is capable of accepting data, programs and/or
instructions, executing the programs and/or
instructions to process the data and presenting the
results.
n (h) Information and Communications Technology
- the acquisition, production, transformation, storage
and transmission/reception of data and information
by electronic means in forms such as vocal, pictorial,

textual, numeric or the like; also refers to the
theoretical and practical applications and processes
utilizing such data and information.
n (i) Communications - the process of sending and/or
receiving information, data, signals and/or messages
between two (2) or more points by radio, cable, optical
wave guides or other devices and wired or wireless
medium.
n (j) Telecommunications - any transmission, emission
or reception of voice, data, electronic messages, text,
written or printed matter, fixed or moving pictures or
images, words, music or visible or audible signals or
sounds, or any information, intelligence and/or
control signals of any design/format and for any
purpose, by wire, radio, spectral, visual/optical/light,
or other electronic, electromagnetic and technological
means.
n (k) Broadcast, Broadcasting - an undertaking the
object of which is to transmit audio, video, text,
images or other signals or messages for reception of a
broad audience in a geographical area via wired or
wireless means.
n (l) Industrial Plant - includes all manufacturing
establishments and other business endeavors where
electronic or electronically-controlled machinery or
equipment are installed and/or are being used, sold,
maintained, assembled, manufactured or operated.
n (m) Commercial Establishment - shall include but
not be limited to office buildings, hotels, motels,

hospitals, condominiums, stores, apartments,
supermarkets, schools, studios, stadia, parking areas,
memorial chapels/parks, watercraft and aircraft used
for business or profit, and any other building/s or
area/s for business purposes, where electronic or
electronically-controlled machinery or equipment are
installed and/or are being used, sold, maintained,
assembled, manufactured or operated.
n (n) Consulting Services - as used in this Act, shall
include services requiring adequate technical expertise,
experience and professional capability in undertaking
advisory and review, pre-investment or feasibility
studies, design, planning, construction, supervision,
management and related services, and other technical
studies or special studies in the field of electronics
engineering.
n (o) Accredited Professional Organization – refers to
the Institute of Electronics Engineers of the Philippines, Inc.
(IECEP,Inc) as the integrated and accredited national
organization of Professional Electronics Engineers,
Electronics Engineers and Electronics Technicians.
n Electronics and/or Communication terms and
phrases, whose definitions are not included in this
section shall be understood to convey the meaning
given to them by R.A. 9292 and other existing laws,
rules or regulations on electronics and/or
telecommunications of the Philippine government or
by international bodies adhered to by the Philippine
government
SECTION 4. Categories of Practice - The Act
defines the three electronics engineering and
technician categories and their abbreviations as
follows:
n (a) Professional Electronics Engineer, (PECE)
n (b) Electronics Engineer, (ECE)
n (c) Electronics Technician, (ECT)
The above abbreviations, as well as other abbreviations
used in the Act, shall henceforth be used in this IRR
for brevity.
The abbreviation ECE shall take on the new meaning as
defined above and the professional title Electronics
and Communications Engineer shall henceforth cease
to exist.
n SECTION 5. Nature and Scope of Practice of
Electronics Engineering and Electronics
Technician - The scope and nature of practice of the
Electronics Engineer shall embrace and consist of any
work or activity relating to the application of
engineering sciences and/or principles to the
investigation, analysis, synthesis, planning, design,
specification, research and development, provision,
procurement, marketing and sales, manufacture and
production, construction and installation,
tests/measurements/control, operation, repair,
servicing, technical support and maintenance of
electronic components, devices, products, apparatus,
instruments, equipment, systems, networks,
operations and processes in the fields of electronics,

n including communications and/or telecommunications,
information and communications technology (ICT),
computers and their networking and
hardware/firmware/software development and applications,
broadcast/broadcasting, cable and wireless television,
consumer and industrial electronics, electrooptics/photonics/opto-electronics, electro-magnetics,
avionics, aerospace, navigational and military applications,
medical electronics, robotics, cybernetics, biometrics and all
other related and convergent fields; it also includes the
administration, management, supervision and regulatory
aspects of such works and activities; similarly included are
those teaching and training activities which develop the ability
to use electronic engineering fundamentals and related
advanced knowledge in electronics engineering, including
lecturing and teaching of technical and professional subjects
given in the electronics engineering and electronics technician
curriculum and licensure examinations.
(a) The scope and nature of practice of the ECE as
defined in this Section shall be also applicable to
the PECE, with the sole difference that it shall
only be the latter who can provide consulting
services as defined in the Act, and to sign and
seal electronics plans, drawings, permit
applications, specifications, reports and other
technical documents prepared by
himself/herself and/or under his/her direct
supervision.
(b) ECEs are not prevented from rendering design
work and providing/assuming any supervisory role

in electronics works and related fields; provided
that all plans, drawings, specifications, reports and
related technical documents resulting or produced
from such works which shall be submitted to
regulatory authorities and/or that impacts on life,
limb and property shall be reviewed and
accordingly signed and sealed only by a PECE, to
indicate that the PECE approves of and assumes
responsibility for the technical accuracy and
correctness, as well as the safety aspects, of the
works represented by such documents.
(c) Consulting services, as previously defined in
Section 3 of the Act, is further clarified herein as
those consulting services rendered by the PECE
regardless of whether or not they are paid for or
compensated in any way by the beneficiary
thereof.
(d) The scope and nature of practice of the Electronics
Technician profession shall embrace and consist of any
non-engineering work or activity relating to the
installation, construction, operation, control, tests and
measurements, diagnosis, repair and maintenance,
manufacture and production, sales and marketing of
any electronic component/s, device/s, products,
apparatus, instruments, equipment, system/s,
network/s, operations and processes located on land,
watercraft, aircraft, industrial plants or commercial
establishments, including the teaching and training of
technical and professional subjects given in the

electronics technician curriculum and licensure
examinations.
All subjects for licensure examinations shall be
taught by persons who are holders of valid
certificates of registration and professional
identification cards, or special temporary permits
issued by the Board and the Commission;
provided that, for the implementation of this
requirement, the Board, through the Commission,
shall, within ninety (90) days from the effectivity of
this “IRR”
, furnish the CHED with a listing of the
various subjects included in the licensure
examinations, together with copies of the syllabi
for the subjects for examination.
Rule II
THE PROFESSIONAL
REGULATORY BOARD OF
ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
SEC. 6. Composition of the Board - The Professional
Regulatory Board of Electronics Engineering, hereinafterreferred to as the Board, under the

administrative control
and supervision of the Professional Regulation
Commission, hereinafter-referred to as the Commission,
shall be composed of a Chairman and two (2) Members
who shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines
from the three (3) recommendees per position chosen and
ranked by the Commission, which recommendees shall in

turn be chosen from the five (5) nominees for each
position submitted by the Accredited Professional
Organization or APO, in accordance with E.O. No. 496,
Series of 1991, or the existing rules and regulations
presently in existence or that may be promulgated for
such purpose.
SEC. 7. Powers and Functions of the Board -
The Board is vested with powers and authorities
to :
(a) Administer/implement the provisions of R.A.
No. 9292;
(b) Administer oaths in connection with the
administration of R.A. No. 9292;
(c) Adopt the official seal of the Board;
(d) Issue Certificates of Registration and the Professional
Identification Cards of PECEs, ECEs or ECTs in
accordance with Section 19, Article III of R.A. No.
9292, suspend or revoke the same, or otherwise
suspend the holder thereof from the practice of his/her
profession for any justifiable cause in accordance with
Section 23 of R.A. NO. 9292, after due process;
(e) Maintain rosters of PECEs, ECEs, and ECTs as
defined in Section 25, Article III of R.A. No. 9292;
(f) Issue, suspend and/or cancel special permits to foreign
PECEs, ECEs and ECTs and/ or its equivalent in
accordance with Sections 23 and 26, Article III of R.A.
No. 9292;
(g) Prescribe, amend or revise the requirements for licensing of
PECEs, in accordance with the basic requirements defined in

Section 18, Article III of R.A. No. 9292, and, as the need
arises, taking into consideration latest technological
developments, best practices in the international field, current
developments in professional practice and the ECE
profession, and any mutual recognition/agreement or treaty
acquiesced to by the Philippine government; and prepare,
adopt and issue the syllabi of the subjects for the licensure
examination for ECEs and ECTs in accordance with Section
15, Article III of R.A. No. 9292 , and prepare the questions
thereof, in strict conformance with the scope of the syllabi.
For this purpose, the Board may adopt recommendations
from the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and the
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
(TESDA) in relation to approved courses or curricula
(h) Adopt a program for the full computerization of the
licensure examination, with the exception of any practical
examination/s as it may specify and adopt for ECTs;
(i) Grant registration to ECTs without examination, subject to
review and approval by the Commission, in accordance with
Section 20, Article III of R.A. No. 9292;
(j) Study, examine and recommend, in coordination with the
CHED and the TESDA, and in consultation with other
concerned government entities and the APO, the essential
requirements as to curricula and facilities of schools, colleges
or universities, seeking permission to open courses or
programs or already offering courses or programs in
electronics engineering, electronics technician and related
courses or programs and to see to it that these requirements,
including employment of qualified faculty members, are

properly complied with:
Provided, that within three (3) years after the effectivity of R.A
No. 9292, the Board shall, in coordination with CHED,
TESDA, and in consultation with other concerned
government entities and the APO, review and define/re-define
the curricula for electronics engineering, electronics technician
and/or allied courses or programs for the purpose of realigning, revising and/or consolidating the same
and/or
otherwise defining the minimum requirements by means of
which graduates of related or allied courses or programs can
qualify to take the ECE and ECT licensure examinations; for
this purpose, the Board may adopt the CHED- and TESDAapproved course curricula for ECE, ECT and/or
allied
courses;
(k) Inspect educational institutions and based on its
findings thereon, recommend to CHED and/or the
TESDA and/or other government entities concerned
with the granting of school permits or authorization, the
opening, improvement/upgrading or closure of colleges
or schools and universities offering electronics
engineering and electronics technician courses or
program; accordingly, promulgate rules and regulations
thereon;
(l) Adopt and administer a Code of Ethics and a Code of
Technical Standards of Practice for PECEs, ECEs and
ECTs, which shall be promulgated by the APO in
accordance with Section 30, Article IV of R.A. No.
9292;
(m) In coordination and consultation with the APO and

concerned parties in the industry, academe and agencies
or institutions, shall issue appropriate Resolutions to
further spell out, define and/or clarify the practice for
PECEs, ECEs and ECTs in accordance with the scope
and nature of practice defined under Section 5, Article I
of R.A. No. 9292;
(n) Promulgate and ensure strict compliance with a
program for Continuing Professional Education and/or
development of PECEs, ECEs and ECT in accordance
with Sec. 31, Article V of R.A. No. 9292;
(o) Prescribe the minimum manning and manpower
requirements for PECEs, ECEs and ECTs in industrial
plants and commercial establishments for purposes of
ensuring compliance with the provisions of R.A. No.
9292, as well as all other ordinances, laws, rules and
regulations that may be enacted hereinafter;
(p) Formulate, prescribe and adopt such rules and
regulations for electronics installations in industrial
plants, commercial establishments and other buildings
or structures covered by the National Building Code of
the Philippines, in coordination with the Department of
Public Works and Highways (DPWH), other concerned
agencies and representatives of industry and the
Accredited Professional Organization;
(q) Study the conditions affecting the PECE, ECE and ECT
professions in the Philippines, and whenever necessary,
exercise the powers conferred by this and other Laws, rules
and regulations as may be deemed proper for the
enhancement and advancement of the professions and/or the

maintenance of high professional, ethical and technical
standards, and for this purpose, the Board may personally or
through subordinate employees of the Commission or
member/s of the APO, duly authorized by the Board and
approved by the Commission, conduct ocular inspection or
visit industrial plants and commercial establishments where
PECEs, ECEs and ECTs are employed for the purpose of
determining compliance with the provisions of law relative
thereto, in accordance with established policies, rules and
regulations of the Commission;
(r) Hear and decide violations of the Act, the Code of
Ethics and the Code of Technical Standards of
Practice for the profession, and for this purpose, issue
subpoena ad testificandum and/or subpoena duces tecum to
secure attendance of witnesses and the production of
documents in connection with the charges presented
to and/or any investigation pending before the Board;
(s) Delegate the hearing or investigation of
administrative cases filed before it to authorized
officers of the Commission, except in cases where the
issue involved strictly concerns the practice of the
PECE, ECE and ECT professions, in which case the
hearing shall be presided over by at least one (1)
member of the Board assisted by a Legal or Hearing
Officer of the Commission;
(t) Promulgate resolutions, orders and/or decisions
on such administrative cases. Such resolutions, orders
and/or decisions shall be subject to appeal within
fifteen (15) days from receipt thereof with the

Commission, which may affirm or reverse the same,
dismiss the case, deny the appeal or remand the case
to the Board for further action or proceeding. If after
fifteen (15) days from the receipt of such decision no
appeal is taken therefrom to the Commission, the
same shall become final and immediately enforceable;
(u) Submit to the Commission an annual action plan and
corresponding report at the beginning and close of each
fiscal year on the activities, proceedings and
accomplishments of the Board for the year,
incorporating therein any recommendations to the
Commission; and
(v) Discharge such other powers and functions as it and
the Commission may deem necessary for the practice of
the profession and the upgrading, enhancement,
development and growth of the PECE, ECE and ECT
professions in the Philippines.
Except in administrative cases, all resolutions
issued and/or promulgated by the Board in the
exercise of the powers and functions vested under
R.A No. 9292 and expounded in the RR thereof
shall be subject to the review and approval by the
Commission. Whenever necessary and practicable,
the Board shall consult with all affected parties
before issuing such Resolutions. All such
Resolutions shall be approved by a majority of the
Board.
Duties of Chairman and Members. The Chairman
shall preside at all meetings and sign all official

documents, letters, correspondence involving
important matters and policies of the Board including
summons, subpoena or subpoena duces tecum. In
case of temporary incapacity or absence of the
Chairman, it shall be the duty of the members of the
Board to attend all meetings particularly when the
purpose of such meetings is to deliberate on the
results of examinations or questions involving
important policies of the Board.
Meetings. Regular monthly meetings shall be
held. Special meetings may be held as often as may
be necessary at the discretion of the Chairman or
upon the request of the majority of the Board.
Quorum. All members shall attend the meetings
of the Board, except for unavoidable
circumstances, in which case two members of the
Board may be sufficient to constitute a quorum for
the transaction of official business.
SEC. 8. Qualifications of Board Members – The
Chairman and members of the Board must
possess the following qualifications at the time of
their appointment:
n (a) Be a citizen and a resident of the Philippines
for at least five (5) consecutive years prior to
his/her appointment;
n (b) Be of good moral character and integrity;
n (c) Be a holder of a valid Certificate of
Registration and a valid Professional
Identification Card as a PECE, duly qualified to

practice as a PECE in the Philippines;
n (d) Be a member of good standing of the APO;
n (e) Be in active practice of the electronics
engineering profession for at least ten (10)
continuous years prior to his/her appointment,
either in self-practice, or employment in government
service and/or in the private sector;
n (f) Must not have any pecuniary interest, directly or
indirectly, in any school, academy, college, university
or institution conferring an academic degree and/or
certification/accreditation necessary for admission to
the practice of Electronics Engineering and/or
Electronics Technician or where review classes in
preparation for the licensure examination are being
offered or conducted nor shall he/she be a member of
the faculty or of the administration thereof prior to
taking his/her oath of office; and
n (g) Must not have been convicted of an offense
involving moral turpitude.
SEC. 9. Term of Office - The members of the Board
shall hold office for a term of three (3) years from date
of appointment or until their successors shall have been
appointed and qualified and may be re-appointed once
for another term. Any vacancy occurring within the term
of a member shall be filled for the unexpired portion of
the term only: Provided, That the member appointed to
serve the unexpired term may be re-appointed more
than once for as long as his/her continuous tenure shall
not exceed six (6) years. Each member of the Board

shall take the proper oath prior to the assumption of
office.
SEC. 10. Compensation and Allowances of the
Board - The Chairman and members of the Board shall
receive compensation and allowances comparable to that
being received by the Chairman and members of
existing regulatory Boards under the Commission as
provided for in the General Appropriations Act.
nSEC. 11. Removal of Board Members - The
President of the Philippines, upon recommendation of
the Commission, may suspend or remove any member
of the Board for neglect of duty, incompetence,
manipulation or rigging of the licensure examination
results, disclosure of secret information or the
examination questions prior to the conduct of the said
examination, or tampering of the grades therein, for
unprofessional or unethical conduct, or for any final
judgment or conviction of any criminal offense by the
Courts, after having given the member concerned an
opportunity to be heard and/or to defend
himself/herself in a proper administrative investigation.
SEC. 12. Custodian of Board Records,
Secretariat and Support Services - All records
of the Board, including applications for
examination, administrative cases involving
PECEs, ECEs and ECTs shall be kept by the
Commission.
The Commission shall designate the Secretary of
the Board and shall provide the secretariat and

other support services to implement the
provisions of R.A. No. 9292.
Rule III
EXAMINATION,
REGISTRATION AND
LICENSURE
SEC. 13 . Licensure Examination. – Except as
specifically provided in Sections 20 and 33 of R.A.
No. 9292, all applicants seeking to be registered
and licensed as ECEs and ECTs shall undergo the
required examinations to be given by the Board in
such places and dates as the Commission may
designate in accordance with the provisions of
Republic Act No. 8981.
SEC. 14. Qualification for Examination. - In
order to be allowed to take the
examination for ECE or ECT, an applicant must,
at the time of the filing of his/her application,
establish to the satisfaction of the Board that:
For ECE and ECT
n Citizen of the Philippines or of a foreign country
qualified to take the examination
n Of good moral character
For ECE
n Holder of a degree of Bachelor of Science in
Electronics and Communications Engineering or
Electronics Engineering or equivalent and/or
related engineering course or program
For ECT
n Graduate of an Associate, Technician, Trade or
Vocational course in electronics or equivalent
and/or related formal or non-formal course or
program.
n Has completed at least the minimum third-year
equivalent of a Bachelor of Science program in
Electronics and Communications Engineering or
Electronics Engineering program or equivalent
and/or related engineering course or program.
SEC. 15 Scope of Examinations
For ECE
n Mathematics (20%), General Engineering and
Applied Services (20%), Electronics Engineering
(30%) and Electronics Systems and Technologies
(30%).
n Subjects to be covered shall include the following:
Mathematics, Applied Sciences, Engineering
Economics, Laws and Ethics, Electronics,
Communications, Computers and Information and
Communications Technology (ICT).
For ECT
n Shall consist of written and/or practical tests
covering subjects to be prescribed by the Board
and shall cover topics specific to the practice of
ECTs.
Filing of Application
n Applications shall be made in the prescribed form
with all the required documents attached
therewith and no application made otherwise shall

be accepted.
SEC. 16 Ratings
n To pass the licensure examination, a candidate for
ECE or ECT must obtain a passing rating of
seventy percent (70%) in each of the four general
subjects given during the examination.
n A candidate who obtain a passing rating in the
three subjects, but obtains a rating in one subject
below 70%, but not lower than 60%, shall be
allowed to take one removal examination on the
subject where he/she failed to obtain the passing
rating.
Ratings
n Should the examinee fail to obtain a passing
rating in the removal examination, he/she shall be
considered as having failed the entire licensure
examination.
n The removal examination is a one-time
opportunity only, but may be taken by the
candidate at any time.
n The Act does not stipulate any limit or time
duration as to how many times and when an
examinee who fails to pass the examination may
re-take the same.
SEC. 17 Release of Result of Examination. –
The Board and the Commission shall correct
and rate the licensure examination and shall
release the result within fifteen (15) days after
the said examination.

SECTION 18.
Qualifications and Schedule of
Registration for Professional
Electronics Engineers
n (a) Valid Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card as an ECE.
n (b) Valid/current membership identification card
or certificate of membership of good standing
from the APO.
n (c) Certified experience record of active selfpractice and/or employment indicating the
inclusive dates, companies worked for,
description of specific responsibilities, relevant
accomplishments and name, position of
immediate supervisors for a period of at least
seven (7) years (inclusive and/or aggregate), at
least two (2) years of which are in responsible
charge of significant engineering work.
n (d) Three (3) certifications signed by three (3)
PECEs attesting that the experience record
submitted by the applicant is factual. The three
(3) signing PECEs must be holders of valid
Certificate of Registration and current
Professional Identification Cards from the
Commission, as well as valid/current membership
card from the APO.
n Applications for registration as PECE may be
submitted anytime to the Commission.
n Under the exception proviso, those who have
been registered and licensed as Electronics and

Communications Engineers under Republic Act
No. 5734 for at least seven (7) years upon the
effectivity of the Act as elucidated in Section 43
hereof, need only to submit items (a), (b), and (c).
n Under the same exception proviso, those who
have been registered and licensed as Electronics
and Communications Engineers under Republic
Act No. 5734 for less than seven (7) years upon
the effectivity of the Act, may apply for “fast
track”
upgrading to PECE category, but shall
additionally submit item (d) above and are
mandatorily required to go through an en banc oral
interview by the Board.
n The Board shall accordingly establish the cutoff
date after which the exception proviso shall lapse.
SECTION 19.
Issuance of Certificate of
Registration and Professional
Identification Cards
n A Certificate of Registration shall be issued to
examinees who pass the ECE and ECT licensure
examination, to ECEs who are registered as
PECEs and to ECTs Technicians who are
registered without examination, subject to
payment of fees prescribed by the Commission.
n A Professional Identification Card bearing the
registration number and date of registration, duly
signed by the Chairperson of the Commission,

shall likewise be issued to every registrant who
has paid the prescribed fee.
n The Professional Identification Card shall be valid
for a period of time and renewable thereafter. The
current/valid membership identification card
from the APO shall be presented by the
professional to the Commission before the latter
shall renew the Professional Identification Card.
SECTION 20.
Registration with and without
Examination for Electronics
Technicians (ECT)
n Within five (5) years from the full effectivity of
the Act as elucidated in Section 43 herein, the
Board shall accept applications for registration
without examination as ECTs and shall issue the
corresponding Certificates of Registration and
Professional Identification Cards to successful
applicants. The applicants shall present evidence
or other proof satisfactory to the Board that:
n He/she is a graduate of at least a two-year
Associate, Technician or Vocational course in
Electronics or who have completed the third-year
equivalent of a Baccalaureate course in
Electronics and Communications Engineering
and Electronics Engineering.
n He/ she has rendered at least seven (7) years of
active self-practice and/or employment.
n The above submittals shall be accompanied by

individual certifications from at least three (3)
registered PECEs vouching for the integrity,
technical capability and good moral character of
the applicant in a format to be prescribed by the
Board. Such certifications shall be duly-signed and
sealed by the PECEs.
SECTION 21.
Non-issuance of a Certificate of
Registration and/or Professional
Identification Card for Certain
Grounds
n The Board and/or the Commission shall not
register and shall not issue a Certificate of
Registration and Professional Identification Card
to:
n any person convicted by a court of competent
jurisdiction of any crime involving moral
turpitude
n any person of immoral or dishonorable
conduct
n any person of unsound mind
SECTION 22. Professional Oath
n All applicants for registration must take their
professional oath before any member of the
Board or any person so authorized by the
Commission, and to show proof that he/she
had taken the professional oath, before his/her
Certificate of Registration and Professional
Identification Card can be issue.

SECTION 23.
Revocation and Suspension of
Certificate of Registration,
Professional Identification Card and
Cancellation of Special Permits
n The Board shall, upon proper notice and hearing,
revoke or suspend the validity of a Certificate of
Registration and accordingly the Professional
Identification Card, or cancel a Special Permit granted
under Section 26 of the Act and as expounded in this
IRR:
n for any of the causes mentioned therein
n for unprofessional or unethical conduct, malpractice,
incompetence or any violation of the Act and this IRR, the
Code of Ethics and the Code of Technical Standards of
Practice
n where fraud, deceit, or false statement was found to have
been employed in obtaining said Certificate of Registration,
Professional Identification Card or Special Permit.
SECTION 24.
Reinstatement,
Re-issuance or Replacement of
Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card
n The Board may, two (2) years after the revocation
of a Certificate of Registration and Professional
Identification Card, reinstate the validity of a
revoked Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card, Provided, That the

party concerned did not commit any illegal
practice of the profession or any violation of the
Act, this IRR, codes and policies during the time
that his/her Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card was revoked.
n A new Certificate of Registration or Professional
Identification Card to replace lost, destroyed, or
mutilated Certificate of Registration or
Professional Identification Card may be issued,
subject to the rules promulgated by the Board
and the Commission, upon payment of the
required fees.
SECTION 25.
Roster of Professional Electronics
Engineers, Electronics Engineers
and Electronics Technicians
n The Board, with the assistance of the Commission,
shall prepare and maintain a roster of the names,
residence and/or office address of all registered
PECEs, ECEs and ECTs, which shall be updated
annually in cooperation with the APO. The said
roster shall be available to the public upon inquiry
or request.
SECTION 26.
Exemptions from Examination and
Registration
n No examination and registration shall be
required for foreign PECEs, ECEs or ECTs and
equivalent who are temporarily employed by the

Philippine Government or by private firms in
the Philippines in the following cases:
n Where no qualified equivalent Filipino
professional is available for the specific item of
work to be rendered, as attested to by the APO.
n Where the condition/s of the scope and funding
for the work or project are such that it stipulates
the temporary employment of a foreign
professional.
n As defined in the General Agreement on Trade
in Services, the ASEAN and APEC Engineer
Registry programs and other similar
international treaties, agreements and/or
covenants to which the Philippine Government
is a signatory and has ratified.
Provided, however, that
n The said foreign professional is legally qualified to
practice his/her profession in his/her own country in
which the requirements for licensing and registration are
not lower than those specified in the Act and expounded
in this IRR .
n The work to be performed by said foreign professional
shall be limited only to the particular work or project for
which he/she was specifically contracted.
n Prior to commencing the work and securing a working
visa and/or working permit from the concerned
government agencies, the foreign professional shall
secure a Special Permit from the Board, which shall be
subject to the approval of the Commission.

n The same foreign professional shall not engage in
private practice on his/her own account.
n For every foreign professional contracted for the
work or project, at least two (2) corresponding
Filipino professionals who are registered under
the Act shall be employed as counterparts.
n The Special Permit herein granted shall be valid
only for a period of not more than six (6) months
and renewable every six (6) months thereafter
subject to the discretion of the Board and the
approval of the Commission: Provided, That said
permit shall cease to be valid if the foreigner
terminates his/her employment in the work or
project for which said permit was originally
granted.
SEC. 27. Practice of the Profession. – No person
shall offer himself/herself in the Philippines as, or use
the title "Professional Electronics Engineer"
"Electronics Engineer" or "Electronics Technician"
as defined in R.A. No. 9292, or use any word, letter
figure, or sign whatsoever, tending to convey the
impression that he/she is a PECE, ECE or ECT, or
advertise that he/she is qualified to perform the work
of a PECE, ECE or ECT, without holding a valid
Certificate of Registration and a valid Professional
Identification Card in accordance with R.A No. 9292 ,
except as provided under Section 26, Article III

thereof.
SEC. 28. Prohibitions and Limitations on the Practice of
Electronics Engineering and Electronics Technician
Profession. – Unless otherwise prescribed by any supervening
law, the practice of electronics engineering and electronics
technician shall be a professional service, admission to which
must be determined on the basis of the individual’s personal
qualifications. Hence, no firm, company, partnership, association
or corporation may be registered or licensed as such for the
practice of electronics engineering or electronics technician.
However, persons properly registered as PECE, ECE, ECT may,
among themselves or with any other allied professionals, form a
partnership or association or corporation and collectively render
services as such, Provided, that individual members of such
partnerships or associations or corporations shall be responsible
for their own respective acts.
The Board subject to approval by the Commission
shall issue a resolution on the guidelines for the
registration by the Board and the Commission of a
partnership, association or corporation composed
of PECEs, ECEs, ECTs.
SEC. 29. Seal of the Professional Electronics
Engineers. – All licensed Professional Electronics
Engineers shall obtain and use a seal of a design
prescribed by the Board bearing the registrant’s name,
registration Number and title. Plans, drawings, permit
application, specifications, reports and other technical
documents prepared by and/or executed under the
supervision of, and issued by the Professional

Electronics Engineer shall be stamped on every
sheet/page with said seal, indicating therein his/her
current Professional Tax Receipt (PTR) number,
date/place of payment and current membership number
in the Accredited Professional Organization when filed
with government authorities or when used
professionally.
Official Logo of the Board and Seal of Professional
Electronics Engineer –
(a) The Official Seal/Logo of the Board which is shown
hereunder is circular in shape, consisting two concentric circles,
with the outside circle measuring 48mm in diameter and the
inner circle measuring 28mm in diameter. The upper part of the
annular space bear the words BOARD OF ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING and lower half the words PROFESSIONAL
REGULATION COMMISSION. The inner circle space has the
symbol of an atom with a nucleus and electrons located at the
middle portion. The outer and inner ring is filled with orange
with boundaries in navy blue color, the text is black with white
background, the inner ring is filled with navy blue background,
the atom with white and the nucleus and electrons in red color.
(b) The Seal of Professional Electronics Engineer as
provided by Section 29, Article IV of R.A. No. 9292
shall be, a dry circular seal consisting of two
concentric circles with the outer circle measuring
48mm in diameter and the inner circle measuring
32mm in diameter with the appearance of an atom
with a nucleus and electrons on the upper portion, a

horizontal space bearing the word LICENSE NO.
and just below is the license number. The portion of
the inner circle below the diametral space shall bear
the name of the person holding the Professional
Electronics Engineer license. The upper portion of
the annular space bear the words PROFESSIONAL
ELECTRONICS ENGINEER and the lower portion
bear the word PHILIPPINES.
All registered Professional Electronics Engineers shall
obtain and use a seal prescribed by the Board bearing
the registrant’s name, title and registration number.
Plans, drawings, reports, permit applications,
specifications and other technical documents prepared
by and/or executed under the supervision of, and issued
by the Professional Electronics Engineer shall be
stamped on every sheet/page with said seal, indicating
therein his/her current Professional Tax Receipt (PTR)
number, date/place of payment and current
membership number in the APO when filed with
government authorities or when used professionally.
For control and security purposes, the Board subject to
approval by the Commission shall issue a Resolution,
designating the APO as the sole source of the PECE
dry seal, including any replacement for lost or
damaged dry seals. The APO shall take the necessary
security measures to ensure the authenticity and
integrity of all PECE dry seals that it issues, maintain
an accurate record thereof, and render an annual

report thereon to the Board and the Commission.
SEC. 30. Code of Ethics and Code of Technical
Standards of Practice. - The Board shall adopt the
Code of Ethics and the Code of Technical Standards
of Practice for PECEs, ECEs and ECTs, which shall
be promulgated by the APO. The APO shall submit
the same to the Board within six (6) months from the
effectivity of this “IRR” for consideration and
adoption.
The Code of Technical Standards of Practice shall be
updated whenever necessary to conform to latest
technological standards, changes, trends, and
developments.
SEC. 31. Continuing Professional Education (CPE)
and/or Development Programs. – All registered
PECEs, ECEs and ECTs shall comply with pertinent
rules and regulations already prescribed by and/or as
may be prescribed and promulgated by the Commission
and/or the Board, the APO and other government
agencies, pursuant to R.A. No. 9292, as well as other
relevant laws, international treaties, agreements and/or
covenants to which the Philippines is a signatory and has
ratified, with respect to Continuing Professional
Education and/or Development (CPE/D) and/or other
similar/related programs;
Such CPE/D program shall be jointly developed by the
Board, the Commission, and the APO, in consultation
with any other affected or concerned agencies of the
government, and promulgated by the Board in

accordance with Section 7(n), Article II of R.A. No.
9292. The program shall be continuously reviewed and
updated to keep it attuned to modern technology and
technical standards, latest developments, and current
best practices
SECTION 32. Integrated and Accredited
Professional Organization. – There shall be one (1)
integrated and Accredited Professional Organization of
Professional Electronics Engineers, electronics
Engineers and Electronics Technicians in the country,
which shall be registered with the Securities and
Exchange Commission as a non-stock, non-profit
corporation and recognized by the Board, the
Commission and all government agencies as the one and
only integrated and accredited national organization for
the said professionals.
Every Professional electronics Engineer, electronics
Engineer and Electronics Technician, upon registration
with the Commission as such, shall ipso facto become a
member of this Accredited Professional Organization.
Those who have bee previously registered by the Board
but are not members of this Accredited Professional
Organization at the time of effectivity of R.A. No. 9292,
shall be allowed to register as members of this
organization within three (3) years after the effectivity of
this Act . Membership in this Accredited Professional
Organization shall not be a bar to membership in other
association of the electronics engineering and electronics
technician professions.
An Accredited Professional Organization shall
implement the continuing professional education,
accredit other organizations or entities to provide
continuing professional education, and/or the
Commission, compliance with which shall be one of
the requisites for the maintenance of membership in
good standing of the professional in the Accredited
Professional Organization.
All members of good standing of this Accredited
Professional Organization shall be issued a annual
membership card indicating the membership number
and validity period of the membership, which shall be
affixed to all plans, specifications and any document
signed by the member in the course of practice of
his/her profession. Failure to maintain membership in
good standing in the Accredited Professional
Organization shall be a cause for listing of the individual
as delinquent in the roster of professionals.
SEC. 33 . Foreign Reciprocity - No foreigner shall be
admitted for registration as PECE, ECE or ECT with or without
examination under the Act unless he/she proves in the manner
as provided by the Board that, by specific provisions of law, the
country, state or province of which he/she is a citizen, subject or
national, or in accordance with international treaties, agreements
and/or covenants to which their country, state or province is a
signatory, admits Filipino citizens to practice as PECE, ECE or
ECT after an examination or registration process on terms of
strict and absolute equality with the citizens, subjects or nationals
of said country, including the unconditional recognition of

professional licenses issued by the Board and/or the
Commission and prerequisite degrees/diplomas issued by
institutions of learning duly recognized by the government of the
Philippines
The foreigner who applies for examination and/or registration under such
case has the burden of proving the existence of reciprocity in his/her
country, state or province.
A foreign citizen, whether he/she studies in the Philippines or not, who
desires to take the Board Licensure Examination for PECEs, ECEs, ECTs
through reciprocity shall initiate the establishment of reciprocity between
his/her country/state and the Philippines by presenting/submitting a letter
or any document signed and under official seal by the appropriate official
of his/her country/state requesting the Chairman of the Board to allow the
foreign applicant to take the Board Licensure Examination for Guidance
Counselors that by express provision of the law of his/her country/state,
Filipino citizens shall be allowed to take the Licensure Examination for
PECEs, ECEs, ECTs and to register as PECEs, ECEs, ECTs in his/her
country/state on terms of strict and absolute equality with the citizens or
subjects of said country or state including the unconditional recognition of
prerequisite degrees issued by institutions of higher learning duly
recognized or established by the Government of the Republic of the
Philippines attaching/appending thereto an authentic or authenticated
official copy of said law officially translated in the English language.
If the letter/document and the copy of the law
submitted by the applicant is satisfactory to the
Board, the Board shall issue a Resolution
allowing the foreign applicant to take the Board
Licensure Examination for PECEs, ECEs,
ECTs by requiring him/her to file an application

to take the Licensure Examination and by
submitting the following documents that shall
accompany the application.
n The original or certified copy of any official document
issued by the Bureau of Immigration and Deportation
allowing the applicant to enter and reside in the
Philippines;
n Present his/her passport for examination and for
photocopying of pertinent information about the
applicant;
n Original or authenticated copy of transcript of records or
equivalent document of the course for Licensure
Examination issued by the institution of higher learning
where he/she studied, duly authorized or accredited by
his/her country/state; and
n Other documents which may be required to be submitted
by the Board.
SEC. 34. Positions in Government Requiring the
Services of Registered and Licensed Professional
Electronics Engineers, Electronics Engineers and
Electronics Technicians. - Within three (3) years from
the effectivity of R.A. No. 9292, all existing and
proposed positions in the local and national
government, whether career, permanent, temporary or
contractual and primarily requiring the services of
PECEs, ECEs or ECTs shall accordingly be filled only
by registered and licensed PECEs, ECEs or ECTs.
The Board shall coordinate with the concerned
government agency/ies regarding the procedure and

requirements for the implementation and strict
compliance with Section 34, Article V of R.A. No. 9292;
SEC. 35 . Penal Provisions – The following shall be
punished by a fine of not less than One hundred
thousand pesos (P100,000.00) nor more than One
million pesos (P1,000,000.00), or by imprisonment of
not less than six (6) months nor more than six (6) years,
or both, in the discretion of the court:
(a) Any person who shall give any false or fraudulent
statement to the Board to obtain a Certificate of
Registration and/or Professional Identification Card as
PECE, ECE or ECT;
(b) Any person who shall present or use as his/her own a
Certificate of Registration, Professional Identification Card,
membership identification card in the APO and/or seal issued
to another and any person who allows the use of his/her
Certificate of Registration, Professional Identification Card,
membership card in the APO and/or seal;
(c) Any person who shall present or use a revoked or suspended
Certificate of Registration as PECE, ECE or ECT;
(d) Any person who shall assume, use, advertise or otherwise
practice as PECE, ECE or ECT, or append to his/her name,
any letter/s or words tending to convey the impression that
he/she is a registered PECE, ECE or ECT, when in fact
he/she is not duly registered with the Board as such;
(e) Any PECE, or any person on his/her behalf, who shall stamp
or seal any document with his/her seal as such after his/her
Certificate of Registration, Professional Identification Card and
membership card in the APO has been revoked or suspended or

after he/she has been suspended from practice or removed from
the roster of PECEs, ECEs or ECTs;
(f) Any PECE who shall sign his/her name, affix his/her seal, or
use any other method of signature on plans, technical
descriptions or other documents prepared by or under the
supervision of another PECE, unless the same is prepared in
such manner as to clearly indicate the part of such work actually
performed by the former;
(g) Any person, except the PECE or ECE-in-charge, who shall
sign for any electronics engineering work, or any function of
electronics engineering practice, not actually performed by
him/her;
(h) Any person holding a Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card as PECE, ECE or ECT
who shall be involved in illegal wire-tapping, cloning,
hacking, cracking, piracy and/or other forms of
unauthorized and malicious electronic eavesdropping
and/or the use of any electronic devices in violation of
the privacy of another or in disregard of the privilege of
private communications and/or safety to life, physical
and/or intellectual property of others, or who shall
maintain an unlicensed and/or unregistered
communications system or device; and
(i) Any person who shall violate any provision of R.A.
No. 9292 or any rules, regulations, the Code of Ethics
and the Code of Technical Standards of Practice
promulgated hereunder.
SEC. 36. Assistance of Law Enforcement and Other
Government Agencies - Any law enforcement agency shall,

upon call or request of the Board and/or the Commission,
render assistance in enforcing R.A. No. 9292 including the Code
of Ethics, Code of Technical Standards of Practice and the
“IRR”
, and measures promulgated hereunder, by prosecuting
violators thereof in accordance with law and the Rules of Court;
Any department, instrumentality, office, bureau, institution or
agency of the government including local governments, upon
call or request from the Board and/or the Commission, shall
render such assistance as it may require, cooperate and
coordinate with it in carrying out, enforcing or implementing
R.A. No. 9292, the codes, policies, measures, programs or
activities of the Board and/or the Commission that it may
undertake pursuant to the provisions of R.A. No. 9292.
Rule VII
TRANSITORY PROVISIONS
SEC. 37. Transitory Provisions. – Upon
effectivity on May 24, 2004 of R.A. No. 9292, the
incumbent Board of Electronics and
Communications Engineering shall complete all
pending/unfinished works within a six (6) month
period, after which it shall cease to exist.
The President of the Philippines shall before then
appoint the Chairman and Members of the first
Board of Electronics Engineering in accordance
with Sections 6 and 8 herein, who shall formulate
and thereafter promulgate the rules and regulations
for the implementation of R.A. No. 9292
SECTION 38.
Vested Rights: Electronics and
Communication Engineers when
this Law is Passed
n Electronics and Communications Engineers
holding a valid Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card at the time of full
effectivity of the Act as elucidated in Section 43
herein shall be automatically registered and
recognized as Electronics Engineer and shall be
issued a new Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Card as Electronics
Engineer with the same license number as their
original Electronics and Communications Engineer
Certificate of Registration, upon filing and payment
of the prescribed fees, requirements of the
Commission and submission of valid ID or
Certificate of membership from the APO.
Rule VIII
FINAL PROVISIONS
SEC. 39. Implementing Rules and Regulations. -
Subject to the approval of the Commission, the Board,
in coordination with the accredited professional
organization, shall adopt and promulgate such rules,
regulations, resolutions, the Code of Ethics and the
Code of Technical Standards of Practice for
Professional Electronics Engineers, Electronics
Engineers, and Electronics Technicians to carry out the
provisions of R.A. No. 9292 which shall be published in
the Official Gazette or a newspaper of general

circulation in the Philippines and shall be effective after
fifteen (15) days its full and complete publication
therein.
SEC. 40. Appropriations. – The Chairperson of the
Professional Regulation Commission shall include in
the Commission’s program the implementation of
R.A No. 9292, the funding of which shall be included
in the Annual General Appropriation Act.
SEC. 41. Separability Clause. – If any provision of
this “IRR”
, or the application thereof to any person
or circumstance is declared or unconstitutional
invalid or, all the rest of the provisions or application
thereof to other persons or circumstances shall not
be affected by such declaration
SEC. 42. Repealing Provisions. – All Rules and
Regulations, Board Resolutions and memoranda or parts
thereof in conflict with any provision of this “IRR”
and/or inconsistent herewith are hereby repealed or
amended accordingly.
SEC. 43. Effectivity. – This “IRR” shall take effect
after fifteen (15) days following its complete and full
publication in the Official Gazette or in any newspaper
of circulation in the Philippines. ( This IRR was
published on September 17, 2007 and took effect on
October 02, 2007).
END OF PRESENTATION.
THANK YOU
November 24, 2007

LICENSURE EXAMINATION
FOR
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SYLLABI
I. MATHEMATICS (20%)
n 1. Algebra & General Mathematics
n Algebraic functions
n Theory of equations
n Factorization and algebraic functions
n Ratio, proportion and variation
n Matrix theory
n Arithmetic and geometric progressions
n Equations and inequalities
n Linear and quadratic equations
n Complex number system
n Polynomials
n Mathematical induction
n Logic and probability
n Statistics
n 2. Geometry
n Lines and planes
n Plane figures
n Application of Cavalier’s, Pappus and Prismodial
theorems
n Coordinates in space
n Quadratic surfaces
n Mensuration
n Plane geometry
n Solid geometry
n Spherical geometry
n Analytical geometry
n 3. Trigonometry
n Logarithmic principles
n Trigonometric functions
n Fundamental trigonometric identities
n Solutions of right and oblique triangles
n Applications of terrestrial mensuration
n Area, perimeter and centroid of plane figures
n Polar coordinates
n Spherical trigonometry
n 4. Calculus
n Complex variables
n Derivatives and applications
n Integration and applications
n Transcendental functions
n Partial derivatives
n Higher derivatives
n Indeterminate forms
n Multiple integrals
n Differential equations
n 5. Mathematics Laws, Terms and Theories
n Laws, theories and other rules relative to the fields of
mathematics
II. GENERAL ENGINEERING &

APPLIED SCIENCES (20%)
n 1. Engineering Mechanics
n 2. Strength Of Materials
n 3. College Physics
n 4. General Chemistry
n 5. Thermodynamics
n 6. Engineering Materials
n 7. Engineering Economics
n 8. Engineering Management
II. GENERAL ENGINEERING &
APPLIED SCIENCES (20%)
n 9. Laws and Ethics
n Contracts and Specifications
n Telecommunications and broadcasting laws
and regulations
n Electronics engineering law of 2004
n Code of professional ethics and conduct
n Philippine electronics code
n Code of Technical Standards and Practice
(Manual of Practice)
III. ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
(30%)
n 1. Electricity/ Magnetism Fundamentals
n Atomic structure
n Electric charge
n Laws (Ohms, Kirchoff, Coulomb, etc)
n Magnetic power
n Magnetic field/flux
n Magnetic/electric quantities/units
n Magnetic/electromagnet principles
(30%)
n 2. Electrical Circuit
n Ac-dc circuits
n Resistors
n Inductors
n Capacitor
(30%)
n 3. Solid State Devices/Circuits
n Semi-conductor fundamentals
n Transistor components, circuits, analysis,
and design
n Special services (photo, electric, photo
voltaic etc.)
(30%)
n 4. Power Generator/ Sources/ Principles/
Applications
n Cells and batteries
n Electric generator
n Electronic power supply
n Voltage regulation
n Photovoltaic/thermoelectric generator
n Distribution transformers
n UPS/float-battery system
n Converters/inverters

(30%)
n 5. Electronic (Audio/RF) Circuit/
Analysis/Design Cells and batteries
n Amplifiers
n Oscillators
n Rectifier
n Filters
n Voltage regulation
(30%)
n 6. Tests and Measurements
n Volt-ohm-ammeter (analog/digital)
n R-L-Z bridges
n Oscilloscope
n Cable testers
n RF meters
n Signal generators (audio, RF, video)
n Noise generators
n Power/reflectometer/grid dip meter
(30%)
n 7. Microelectronics
n Integrated circuits components, characteristics
and products
n Operational amplifiers/multivibrators
(30%)
n 8. Industrial Electronics Principles/
Applications
n Electronic control system
n Industrial solid state services
n Welding systems/high frequency heating
n Feedback systems/servomechanism
n Transducers
n Motor speed control systems
n Robotic principles
n Bioelectrical principles
n Instrumentation and control
(30%)
n 9. Computer Principles
n Analog/digital systems
n Binary number system/Boolean algebra
n Mathematical logic and switching networks
n Basic digital circuits (logic, gates, flip-flops,
multivibrators etc.)
n Static and dynamic memory devices
n Programming and machine languages
n Information and acquisition processing
n Analog/digital conversion
n Computer networking
IV. ELECTRONICS SYSTEMS AND
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n 1. Radio Communication System
n a. Transmission Fundamentals
n Transmission system
n Transmission medium
n Primary line constants

n Velocity and line wavelength
n Characteristic Impedance
n Propagation constants
n Phase and group velocity
n Standing waves
n Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n a. Transmission Fundamentals
n Telephone lines and cables
n Wave guides
n Balanced and unbalanced lines
n Uniformly distributed lines
n Twisted pair wire
n Coaxial Cable
n The Decibel
n Power level Calculations
n Signal and Noise Fundamentals
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n b. Acoustics
n Definition
n Frequency range
n Sound pressure level
n Sound Intensity
n Loudness Level
n Pitch and Frequency

n Interval and Octave
n Sound distortion
n Room Acoustics
n Electro-Acoustic Transducers
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n c. Modulation
n Amplitude modulation
n Phase modulation
n Frequency modulation
n Pulse modulation
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n d. Noise
n External noise
n Internal noise
n Noise calculation and measurements
n Radio interference
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n e. Radiation and Wave Propagation
n Electro Magnetic Radiation
n Radio Spectrum
n Wave Propagation
n Radiation Patterns
n Wavelength calculations
n Radiation resistance
n Diversity systems
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n f. Antennas
n Basic considerations
n Wire Radiators in Space
n Isotropic Radiator
n Current and Voltage Distribution
n Resonant, non-resonant antennas
n Terms and definition
n Antenna gain and resistance
n Bandwidth, beamwidth, polarization
n Effects of ground on antennas
n Grounded, ungrounded antennas
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n f. Antennas
n Grounding systems
n Antenna height
n Design and applications
n Matching systems
n Impedance Calculations
n Antenna types
n Directional and non-directional
n Microwave Antennas
n Wideband and Special Purpose Antennas

TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n g. Wire and Wireless Communications
System
n The telephone set
n Connection and performance
n Exchange Area Plant
n Loop Design
n Trunks in the Exchange Plant
n Insertion Loss
n Traffic Calculations
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
System
n Reference Equivalent and Standards
n Telephone networks
n Signaling, Billing, CAMA, ANI
n Echo, Singing and Design Loss
n Via Net Loss
n Network Hierarchy, Class Type
n VF Repeaters
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
System
n Transmission Considerations in Long
Distance Network
n Telephone Exchanges
n PSTN, PABX, Line Concentration
n Telephone features-IDD, NDD,LEC
n Mobile Communications
n Cellular communication, trunk radio,
radio paging system etc.
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n h. Microwave Communications and
Principles
n i. Basic Principles of various electronics
systems
n Electro-optics, photonics/optoelectronics
n Electromagnetics
n Avionics, aerospace/ navigational and
military operations
n Medical Electronics
n Cybernetics
n Biometrics
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n 2. Digital and Data Communications Systems
n a. Digital Communication Networks
n Bit and Binary Transmission
n Signaling Rate
n Error Probability
n Digital Filtering
n Switching
n Packet Circuit
n Vertical Circuit
n Open Systems Interconnection
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n Multiplexing, Modulation and
Synchronization
n Pulse Code modulation
n Companding
n Encoding
n Bandwidth and Signal to Noise Ratio
n Delta Modulation
n Slope Overload
n Adaptive Delta Modulation
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n Codes and Protocols
n Error Detection and Correction Codes
n Digital Carrier Systems
n Frequency Shift Keying
n Phase Shift Keying
n Differential Phase Shift Keying
n DC Nature of Data Transmission

n Loops
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n Neutral and Polar
n Binary Transmission and the Concept of
Time
n Asynchronous and Synchronous
n Timing
n Distortion
n Bits, Band, WPM
n Data Interface Standards
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n Data Input/Outpu nput/Output Devices
n Digital Transmission on Analog Channel
n Modulation-Demodulation Schemes
Parameters
n Circuit Conditioning
n Modem Applications
n Serial and Parallel Transmission
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n b. Fiber Optics
n Principles of Light, Transmission

n Types
n Light Sources, Laser, LED
n Light Detectors
n Modulation and Waveform
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n b. Fiber Optics
n System Design
n General Application
n Design Procedure
n Dispersion Limited Domain
n System Bandwidth
n Splicing Techniques
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
n 3. Satellite , Broadcasting and Cable TV
Systems
n a. Satellite System
n The Satellite System
n Types of Satellite
n Satellite Orbit
n Uplink Considerations
n Demand Assignment Multiple Access
n Antenna Tracking
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
Systems
n a. Satellite System
n Satellite Link Budgets
n Path Loss
n Figure of Merit
n Ratio of Carrier to Thermal Noise Power
n Station Margin
n VSAT
TECHNOLOGIES (30%)
Systems
n b. Broadcasting and Cable TV systems
n Radio Transmitter (AM, FM, Television )
n Studio (Microphone, Amplifiers, Cameras,
Lighting, etc.)
n Cable Television
Thank you.
MANUAL OF
PROFESSIONAL
PRACTICE FOR
ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERS
2
I. CODE OF ETHICS FOR ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING PRACTITIONERS
FOREWORD
Honesty, justice and courtesy form a moral philosophy which, associated with mutual
interest among men, constitutes the foundation of ethics. The electronics engineer should
recognize such a standard, not in passive observance, but as a set of dynamic principles
guiding his conduct and way of life. It is his duty to practice his profession according to
this Code of Ethics and Conduct.
The keystone of professional conduct is integrity. Hence, it behooves the electronics
engineer to discharge his duties with fidelity to the public, his employers and his clients,
and with fairness and impartiality to all. It is his duty to interest himself in public welfare,
and to be ready to apply his special knowledge for the benefit of mankind. He should
uphold the honor and dignity of his profession and avoid association with any enterprise
of questionable character. In his dealings with fellow engineers, he should be fair and
tolerant.
RELATIONS WITH THE STATE
1. Each and every engineer shall recognize and respect the supreme authority of the State as
expressed through its laws and implemented by its agencies, whenever and wherever
such laws do not infringe upon the rights and privileges of citizens as guaranteed by the
Constitution.
2. He shall recognize that the well-being of the public and the interest of the State are above
the well-being and interest of any individual.
3. In the interest of justice, he shall aid the State, if and when the technology is needed for
the prevention and/or prosecution of unjust, criminal, or unlawful acts.
4. In the interest of good government, he shall in every way possible extend cooperation to
the State in the accomplishment of its goals and objectives.
5. In the interest of social efficiency, he shall extend assistance, guidance and training to all
subordinates under his jurisdiction in order to increase their skill and ability, knowledge
and experience for the purpose of eventually increasing their responsibilities.

6. In the interest of the national economy and well-being, he shall always strive in the
execution of his work with optimum efficiency, economy and safety.
7. In the interest of national security, the State shall be given primary considerations in all
his inventions and/or devices on electronics and related fields that are useful for national
security and defense.
8. In the event of national emergency, he shall offer his technology, skill, ability and
experience to the service of the State, even if it will involve personal sacrifices.
RELATIONS WITH THE PUBLIC
9. He shall interest himself in public welfare and be ready to apply his special knowledge
for the benefit of mankind.
10. He shall guard against conditions that are dangerous or threatening to life, limb or
property on work for which he is responsible, or if he is not responsible, he shall
promptly call such conditions to the attention of those responsible so that the conditions
can immediately and effectively be corrected.
11. He shall have due regard for the safety of life and health of the public who may be
affected by the work for which he is responsible.
12. He shall endeavor to extend public knowledge of electronics engineering and he shall
strive to win or maintain the public confidence by discouraging the spread of untrue,
unfair and exaggerated statements regarding his profession.
13. As a witness before a court, commission and/or other tribunal, he shall express an opinion
only when it is founded on adequate knowledge and honest conviction.
14. He shall not issue statements on matters connected with public policy, any ex-parte
statements, criticisms, or arguments which are inspired or paid for by private interest,
unless he identifies on whose behalf he is making the statements.
15. He shall refrain from expressing any public opinion on an engineering subject unless he
is fully familiar and knowledgeable with all the facts relating to the subject.
16. His integrity shall be unquestionable and he shall discharge his duties and responsibilities
with fidelity to the public, his employers and clients and with fairness and impartiality to
all.
RELATIONS WITH CLIENTS, EMPLOYER AND LABOR
17. He shall act in professional matters as a faithful or trustee, and treat as confidential all
matters and information concerning the business affairs, technical processes, etc., of his
clients and/or employers.
18. He shall inform his client or employer of any financial interest on inventions, devices,
equipment or any other thing, before undertaking any engagement in which he may be
called upon to decide on the use thereof.
19. He shall not accept any other compensation, financial or service or otherwise, except
from one interested party for a particular service or other services related therewith
without the consent of all parties concerned.
20. He shall exercise fairness and justice when dealing with contracts between his clients or
employers and the contractors.
21. He shall not accept any commissions or allowances, directly or indirectly from
contractors, suppliers and all other parties dealing with his clients and/or employers in
connection with the work for which he is responsible.
22. He shall not be financially interested in the bid or bids of contractors, suppliers and other
interested parties participating in a competitive work or job on which he has been
employed as engineer without full knowledge and consent of his clients or employers.
23. He shall promptly inform his clients or employers of any business in which he has any
interest, business connection or affiliation which may compete with or affect the business
or the clients or employers.
24. He shall not allow any decision in connection with his work for which he has been
employed or on which he may be called upon to perform, to be affected by interest in any
business.
25. He will present clearly the consequences to be expected from deviations proposed if his
engineering judgment is overruled by non-technical authority in cases where he is
responsible for the technical adequacy of engineering work.

26. He shall undertake only those engineering assignments for which he is qualified. He
shall engage or advice his employer or client to engage specialists and shall cooperate
with them whenever his employer’s or clients interest are served best by such an
arrangement.
RELATIONS WITH ENGINEERS
27. He shall individually or collectively with others in the profession protect the profession
from misunderstanding and/or misrepresentations.
28. He shall not directly or indirectly injure the professional reputation, prospects,
advancement and/or practice of other engineers. However, if he has proof or personal
knowledge that an engineer has been unethical and/or illegal in his practices, he shall
inform in writing the proper authorities for appropriate action.
29. He shall uphold the principle of appropriate and adequate compensation for those
engaged in the engineering profession, including those in the subordinate capacities, in
the interest of public service and maintenance of the standards of the profession.
30. He shall not try to supplant another engineer in a particular employment after becoming
aware that definite steps have been taken toward the other’s employment.
31. He shall not compete, by underbidding, through reduction in his normal fees on the basis
of charges for work, after having been informed of the charges submitted by another
engineer.
32. He shall be fair and tolerant in his dealings with fellow engineers and give credit to those
to whom credit is properly due.
33. He shall uphold the honor and dignity of his profession and avoid association in
responsibility for work with engineers who do not conform to ethical practices.
34. He will exercise due restraint in criticizing another engineer’s work in public,
recognizing the fact that the engineering societies and the engineering press provide the
proper forum for technical discussion and criticism.
RELATIONS TO THE PROFESSION
35. He shall cooperate in extending the effectiveness of the engineering profession and
endeavor to be well-informed of the latest development in the profession by sharing or
exchanging information and experience with other engineers, other professionals and
students; and by contributing to engineering publications and schools and by participating
in the activities of engineering societies.
36. He shall cooperate in upholding the integrity, dignity and honor of the profession by
avoiding all conducts and practices that will be discrediting and injurious to the
profession.
37. He shall be dignified and modest in explaining or discussing his work and/or merit and
shall refrain from self-laudatory advertising or propaganda.
II. STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR THE PRACTICE OF ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERS IN THE PHILIPPINES
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.0 Professional practice is the rendition of service by a duly licensed professional by virtue
of his technical education, training, experience and competence. It is incumbent that the
professional should define the scope of professional service to be rendered and the
manner of compensation for his services in a legally executed contract or equivalent legal
document.
1.1 The practice of Electronics Engineering relates to the development and application of the
electronics engineering science and technology in the field of:
(a) Consultation
(b) Design
(c) Construction and Installation
(d) Inspection, Appraisal and Acceptance
(e) Operations
(f) Maintenance
(g) Research and Development
(h) Education
(i) Manufacturing
2.0 SCOPE OF PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
2.1 ENGINEERING CONSULTATION
2.1.1 Definition. Engineering Consultation is the act of giving advice and information
to a client in the area of electronics engineering and its related fields in line with
current internationally accepted standards and practices. In accordance with R.A.
9292, only registered Professional Electronics Engineers are authorized to render
engineering consultation services.
2.1.2 Scope of Work.
2.1.2.1 Provide specific advice to clients in the area of electronics engineering
and its related fields.
2.1.2.2 Represent the client in obtaining from the government or other agencies
on the approval of electronics permits, plans, specifications, systems
and networks including their installation and operations.
2.1.2.3 Serve as technical witness/expert in litigations, technical presentation
and negotiations involving electronics and related matters, engineering
principles and calculations.
2.1.2.4 Provide technical specifications for electronics equipment and systems.
2.2 DESIGN SERVICES
2.2.1 Definition. Design Service is the act of conceptualizing, planning and projecting
a scheme, system and facility using the arts and science of electronics along with
social, economic, financial and technical considerations.
2.2.2 Engineers Authorized. In accordance with R.A. No. 9292, registered Electronics
Engineers are authorized to render design services; however, all electronics plans,
drawings, permit applications, specifications, reports and other technical
documents emanating from such design works shall be reviewed, signed and
sealed only by a Professional Electronics Engineers.
2.2.3 SCOPE OF WORK
2.2.3.1 System Design. Identifying intelligence to be moved, transmission

media; volume and growth; traffic analysis; criteria of acceptability;
operating requirements; service quality and reliability vis-à-vis cost;
volume growth, new services and future prospect vis-à-vis cost;
obsolescence.
2.2.3.2 Survey. Initial survey of geography and demography of the system;
facilities survey – available service facilities and transmission media;
communication techniques and equipment, including station site
selection.
2.2.3.3 Viability and Financing Studies. Determining the viability of the
electronics projects on the basis of investment vis-à-vis expected
economic benefits. Assist client on justification and documentation to
lending institutions as may be requested.
2.2.3.4 Preparation of Electronics Plans, Specifications and Design.
Preparation of the project plans, specifications and design in
accordance with internationally accepted and locally suited standards
and practices and conforming to the Philippine Electronics Code and
other pertinent applicable codes, including written specifications;
Provided That all such plans, specifications and design work shall be
reviewed, signed and sealed by a Professional Electronics Engineer.
2.2.3.5 Cost Estimate and Schedule. Preparation of cost estimate and
schedule which includes materials, labor, overhead and profit.
2.2.3.6 Contract Documents. Assist in the preparation of bid forms and
tender documents and evaluation of the proposals submitted including a
review of the documents prior to final award.
2.2.4 Additional Work.
2.2.4.1 Inspection/Appraisal
2.2.4.2 Construction Coordination and Progress Meetings
2.2.4.3 Supervision
2.2.4.4 Preparation of As-Built Plans

2.2.4.5 Obtaining of regulatory permits from NTC and other concerned
regulatory agencies, and electronics building permits from local
government units.
2.3 CONSTRUCTION AND/OR INSTALLATION
2.3.1 Definition. Construction and/or installation is the act of putting together parts of
a whole in order to build-up; to erect or to form and/or to set or establish
electronics equipment, systems or facilities.
2.3.2 Scope
Electronics Engineers may engage in electronics construction and installation as
specialty contractors after having been duly licensed by the Contractor’s
Licensing Board of the government. Under Republic Act No. 9292, registered
Electronics Engineers and Professional Electronics Engineers can take charge of
or supervise electronics construction and installations.
2.4 INSPECTION, APPRAISAL AND ACCEPTANCE
2.4.1 Definition. The act of investigation (inspection), valuation (appraisal) and
certification (plan or equipment acceptance to ensure that it conforms with the
accepted standards or recommendations).
Inspection may be defined as critical viewing or investigation or a careful,
complete and systematic examination of some electronics items, installation and
project in question.
Acceptance may be defined as the act of certifying that a certain equipment,
system or network has been properly engineered, installed and made operational
according to accepted standards of good engineering practice.
Appraisal means estimating the amounts, quality, conformity to plans or
objectives, and worth of an electronics work item.
Inspection, appraisal and acceptance required adequate mastery of theory and
planning and extensive experience to electronics planning, engineering
construction and installation in addition to a working knowledge of existing

applicable codes and laws and the requirements of regulatory agencies and utility
companies concerned.
2.4.2 Scope of Work
2.4.2.1 In on-going projects or installation, inspection is generally called for to
determine whether materials being used are as specified and
workmanship is satisfactory; after which, appraisal of the completed
work to determine conformity with the plans and worth of finished part
is made.
2.4.2.2 Electronics equipment, systems of networks needs acceptance at the
factory site before it is delivered to the customer or end-user. This
certification or acceptance insures that the equipment, system or
network conforms with the technical specifications of the customer.
2.4.2.3 In existing or operational installations, inspections are carried out to
locate, isolate (defective components or sub-systems) or to recommend
modifications, retrofits to improve the systems or network. Appraisal
may also be done to evaluate extent of any damage, the corrective steps
to be taken, modifications or retrofits needs and the expenses necessary
to restore normal operations.
2.4.2.4 In practice, inspection, appraisal and acceptance of an electronics
equipment, system or network, such as a telecommunication switching
exchange may be called for by the owner, customer or client before
final payment for the equipment, system or network is made.
2.5 OPERATIONS
2.5.1 Definitions. Operation is the process of running or managing an electronics
system, network, services and peripheral facilities intended for the transmission,
reception and delivery of intelligence by wire, radio, fiber optics and any other
futuristic media.
2.5.2 Scope of Work.

2.5.2.1 Operations of any communication systems or networks.
2.5.2.2 Operations of any broadcasting systems or networks.
2.5.2.3 Operations of any computer/microprocessor controlled systems or
networks.
2.5.2.4 Operations of any electronic systems or network.
2.6 MAINTENANCE
2.6.1 Definition. Maintenance is the proper upkeep of electronics systems and
equipment so as to attain maximum safety and meet the desired grade of service.
2.6.2.1 Analysis of electronics equipment and systems to determine
maintenance requirements and priorities.
2.6.2.2 Supervision of service maintenance work which includes :
2.6.2.2.1 Preventive maintenance including periodic testing.
10
2.6.2.2.2 Corrective maintenance involving repair and/or replacement
of defective component, equipment and accessories.
2.6.2.2.3 Planning and developing preventive maintenance programs.
2.6.2.2.4 Analyzing inspection and test reports for prescription of
proper corrective measures.
2.6.2.2.5 Training of maintenance personnel.
2.6.2.2.6 Determining spare parts, test and measuring equipment and
tool requirements.
2.6.2.2.7 Promulgating and enforcing safety rules and practices.
2.7 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
2.7.1 Definition. The practice of research and development consist of specialized
investigation and evaluation of operational and/or laboratory data leading to or
resulting in the design/manufacture/production or development or control/
measurement of new or improved electronics systems, equipment and/or
electronics components devices, techniques and procedures.
2.7.2 Scope of Work

Research and Development may cover the following areas:
2.7.2.1 Formulation and development of new electronics products or systems
from its conceptualization to utilization and commercialization
2.7.2.2 Improvement of electronics products or systems to improve reliability,
usability and cost effectiveness.
2.7.2.3 Systems analyses, coordination and evaluation of quality control
programs in business and industrial establishments.
2.7.2.4 Research and development of new effective and efficient systems
and/or techniques of information transmission and reception, robotics,
computerized or computer-aided work automation and manufacturing.
2.7.2.5 Research and development in the effective and efficient application of
electronics in education and information dissemination.
2.8 EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
11
2.81 General. Educational services would refer to the services rendered in the form of
one-the-job training, seminars or to full-time or part-time teaching in-training
institution relating to electronics engineering.
2.82 Scope of Services.
2.8.2.1 Teaching of electronics course/subjects in engineering schools, colleges
and review centers on full-time or part-time basis.
2.8.2.2 Lecturing in electronics engineering subjects or seminars.
2.8.2.3 Teaching tutorial/refresher courses on basic electronics engineering
concepts and related subjects.
2.8.2.4 Serving as resource speaker in technical sessions.
2.8.2.5 Writing articles, pamphlets or books for the dissemination of
technological and scientific knowledge.
2.9 MANUFACTURING
2.9.1 Definition. Manufacturing is the process of producing, forming or fabricating
electronic equipment and/or related components, parts, devices and accessories.

2.9.2 Scope of Work
2.9.2.1 Management and supervision of the production or fabrication of
electronic equipment and/or related components, parts, devices and
accessories.
2.9.2.2 Research leading to our resulting in the design or manufacture of new
or improved electronic equipment, components, devices, techniques
and procedures.
2.9.2.3 Testing and quality control of electronic products.
3.0 COMPENSATION
3.1. INTRODUCTION
Different types of professional services that are within the scope of electronics
engineering practice necessitate different methods of compensation. Some
methods are as follows:
3.1.1 Percentage of Construction Cost
12
3.1.2 Unit Cost Basis
3.1.3 Cost Plus Reasonable Profit
3.1.4 Fixed Salary Basis
3.1.5 Professional Fee Plus Expenses
3.1.6 Cost Per Hour Basis
3.1.7 Task Rate Basis
The standards on minimum compensation are based on current practice and on
Current Consumer Price Index and Minimum Basic Daily Wage. Adjustments in
the rates will be made in accordance with an Escalation Formula to be defined.
3.2 ENGINEERING CONSULTATION
3.2.1 General. The rate of compensation of an electronics engineer will be
commensurate with his experience and expertise and with the importance and
value of the activity covered. In addition to the following recommended rates, the
client will pay for the cost of at least “business class” transportation and
accommodation if the meetings/hearings are conducted in a place more than 50
kilometers away from the established office of the Consultant.
3.2.2 Conference and Court Appearance. For services rendered by the electronics
engineer relating to rendering opinion or give advice; clarification or explanation
on technical matters pertaining to electronics engineering and associated matters;
or to appear as an expert witness in Court arbitration hearings, the recommended
minimum fee chargeable to the client will not be less than P500.00 per hour but
not less than P1,000.00 per attendance or appearance irrespective of whether the
schedules meeting or hearing is postponed or not.
3.2.3 Project Consultation. For professional services rendered by the electronics
engineer as to serve as consultant in any category for a project which has a
definite duration, the minimum recommended hourly rate will not be less than one
hundredth (0.01) of the basic monthly salary scale for salaried ECE practitioners.
3.2.4 Routine Consultation (Retainer). The rate of retainers’ fee to be charged by the
consulting electronics engineer for routine or ordinary consultation will not be
less than P1,500.00 a month. However, if the consultant’s presence is required in
another place away from his established office, he will be additionally
compensated at a rate of P100.00 for every hour that he is away from his office,
and if the place is more than 50 kilometers away from his established office, the
client will be required to provide the consultant with at least “business class”
traveling and living expenses.
13
3.2.5 Special Consultation. The professional fee for special consultation services as
may be required by clients will be determined by the engineer to his experience
and expertise and the amount of manhours that will be required. The professional
fee in some cases is fixed by agreement plus expenses or is based on a certain
percentage of the value of the project.
3.3 DESIGN SERVICES
3.3.1 General. The project owner or his representative inquires at the start of the
project how much would be the designer’s fee. Basically, the compensation
should permit the designer to cover all costs and net him a reasonable profit.
Among the methods of determining the fee which can be fair and reasonable are :
a. Percent of Total Project Cost Method
b. Percent of Cost Method
c. Unit Cost Method
d. Cost Plus Reasonable Profit
3.3.2 Percent of Total Project Cost Method. The number of electronics systems and
equipment that are required for a project determines the complexity of the design.
These electronics systems and equipment are the following but not limited to:
a. Wired or wireless telecommunications systems, including central office
switching equipment, remote switching units, concentrators, PABX/PBX's,
cordless telephone systems, intercom, video conferencing, terrestrial,
submarine and satellite links, microwave, fiber optics, cellular, trunked radio,
paging, telemetering and other wired or wireless electronic equipment for
voice, data, text and facsimile communications;
b. Broadcasting system, including radio and TV broadcast equipment for
commercial and training purposes, transmitters of any power rating, studio
and control room equipment, antenna towers, etc.;
c. Cable or wireless television systems, including headend and distribution
equipment, Master Antenna TV (MATV) systems, TVRO and VSAT
receivers;
d. Information Technology (IT) systems including computers, servers, routers,
modems, and associated equipment for local, campus, metropolitan and widearea networking, data
acquisition/telemetering and Intranet/Extranet/Internet
access;
14
e. Security and alarm systems, including closed circuit television (CCTV),
entry/access control, watchman systems, burglar alarms, intruder detection

systems, lighting controls, monitoring/surveillance systems, sensors,
detectors, parking management systems including barrier controls, signal
lights, ticketing machines, etc.;
f. Electronic fire alarm systems, including early-detection system, control
panels, smoke detectors, fire suppression system controls, etc.;
g. Sound-reinforcement systems, background music, paging, conference
systems, public address systems and simultaneous interpretation systems for
auditoriums, stadia, theaters and the like;
h. Navigational aids and controls, including radars, LORAN, TACAN, VOR's,
control tower equipment, lighthouses and the like;
i. Indoor and outdoor signages, including electronic billboards/displays,
centralized clock systems, indicators and the like, whether operating
independently or networked/controlled from a centralized or more than one
point;
j. Electronically-controlled conveyance systems, including elevators, escalators,
cable cars, carlifts, personal lifts, horizontal and vertical conveyors, dumb
waiters and similar devices;
k. Electronic/computerized process controls and automation systems for
factories, plants and assembly lines, including robotics, electronic transducers,
fixed (non-portable) test equipment and apparatus for measurement,
instrumentation and controls, including those for manufacturing processes,
laboratories and workshops;
l. Building automation, management and control systems incorporating all or
any combination of the above systems;
m. Building wirings utilizing copper cables, fiber-optic cables or other media,
including structured cabling, for telephone, inter-communications, data
communications, computer, cable TV, master antenna TV, closed-circuit TV,
electronic fire alarms, burglar/security system, building automation and
controls, energy management, electronic billboards/signages or other

electronic systems;
n. Any other electronic and IT systems, equipment, apparatus, device and/or
component that may be developed in the future and installed in buildings and
structures where safety to the users, operating personnel and the general
public is a concern.
15
The more complex the design is, the higher will be the percentage. The
complexity is thus categorized into three (3) groups, as follows:
Group I – The project with more than five (5) of the above listed systems,
combined in one whole project, the minimum basic design fee is one percent (1%)
of the total project cost.
Group II – For project with three to five (3 to 5) of the above listed systems
included in one whole project, the minimum basic design fee is 1.5% of the total
project cost. However in no case shall the design fee be less than P6,000.00.
Group III – For projects with one or two (1 or 2) of the above listed systems in
one whole project, the minimum basic design fee is 2% of the total project cost.
However, in no case shall the basic design fee be less than P3,000.00.
3.3.3 Percent of Cost Method. This Method is similar to the Percent of Total Project
Cost Method except that the percentage is not based on total project cost but
rather on the cost of the complete electronics installation.
As in the previous method, the basic design fee is based on the complexity of the
requirements which is categorized into three (3) groups, as follows: (Groupings
are same as one above).
Group I – Minimum basic design fee is 10% of cost of complete electronics
installation. In no case will the basic design fee be less than P10,000.00.
Group II – Minimum design fee is 8% of cost of complete electronics installation.
In no case will the basic design fee be less than P6,000.00.
Group III – Minimum design fee is 6% of cost complete electronics installation.
In no case will the basic design fee be less than P3,000.00.

3.3.4 Unit Cost Method. In cases when a project involves alterations, repairs,
additions, modifications, etc., which do not involve a whole project, the Unit Cost
Method is very convenient. The design fee is based on the unit number of
electronics facilities that are included in the design such as: number of terminal
equipment, subscriber station equipment, etc.
In this method, the electronics facilities are divided into classifications which
have corresponding unit design rates.
For unit facilities/loads/equipment: a fee of P100.00 per outlet for each, but not
limited to the systems listed under Sec. 3.2.2.
For partial facilities of a whole system, a minimum fee of P1,000.00 for each but
not limited to the following:
16
1. Detached or Separate power supplies of systems listed under Sec. 3.2.2
2. Controls or auxiliary devices or facilities of the systems listed under Sec.
3.2.2.
3.3.5 Cost Plus Reasonable Profit. For electronics design jobs which are relatively
complicated and require a lot of time and effort, a method of compensation which
is considered fair to both designer and client is the “Cost Plus Reasonable Profit”
method. The amount or the percentage of profit is to be agreed upon between the
designer and client prior to the signing of the contract. However, the percentage
will not be less than 25% of the profit cost.
3.3.6 Per Diem of Traveling Expenses. A per diem of not less than P1,000.00 plus
traveling and living expenses will be chargeable to the owner or any occasion
where the electronics designer will be required to perform services in a locality
beyond a radius of fifty (50) kilometers from his established office.
3.3.7 Extra Sets of Contract Documents. The electronics designer will furnish five (5)
sets of drawing specifications and other contract documents. The cost of
reproduction of extra sets of contract documents, when required by the owner of
his representative is to be charged to and paid for by the owner.

3.3.8 Government Taxes on Services. The electronics designer’s minimum basic fee
is net to the engineer. Any tax that the government may impose to the engineer or
as a consequence of the services performed for the project (exclusive of income
tax) will be paid by the owner.
3.3.9 Salaries Professional. An electronics engineer employed as salaried designer in a
firm will be compensated in accordance with Table 3.1.
TABLE NO. 3.1
Basic Monthly Salary Scale for Salaried ECE Practitioners
YEARS OF ACTIVE SERVICE
Up to 5 Years 5 – 10 Years 10 and Above
P2,000 - P5,000 P5,000 – P8,000 P8,000 – Up
The above basic monthly salary scale will remain applicable until such time the
economic conditions will no longer be the same at the time this manual of practice
was published. Notwithstanding the preceding paragraph, the above basic
monthly salary scale is without prejudice to the level of competence, learning skill
and expertise of salaried ECE practitioner in determining a fair and reasonable
17
compensation therefrom. In order to up-grade these salary scales to suite any
change in economic conditions, the following escalation formula may be applied.
Ru = Rm [1/2 (Wc/Wm + Pc/Pm)]
Where: Ru = The upgraded minimum service rate or
monthly salary at the time of offer.
Rm = The minimum service rate or monthly salary as
established in this edition of the Manual
of Practice.
Wc = Current minimum basic daily rate at the time
of the computation.
Wm = Minimum basic rate at the time this Manual
of Practice was published which was P______

Pc = Current Consumer Price Index at the time
the offer is made.
Pm = Consumer price index at the time this Manual of
Practice was published which was _______.
3.3.10 Payment Schedule.
% Payment Payable Upon
50% signing of the contract
45% submission of five (5) sets of the final
drawings and upon submission of five (5)
copies of the written specifications (if
separately written specifications are
necessary in addition to that already shown
on the plans).
5% submission of written estimate.
3.4 CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION
3.4.1 Contractor. An electronics contractor can determine his own compensation
through reasonable mark up on net costs of the project or activity.
18
3.4.2 Salaried Employees. The remuneration for electronics engineers employed in
electronics construction or installation will be guided by the schedule of fees in
Table 3.1.
3.5 INSPECTION AND APPRAISAL
3.5.1 General. Inspection/Appraisal as a form of necessary service is carried out
largely by government entities, insurance, adjustment firms and commercial
banks.
3.5.2 Salaried Professional. Compensation for a professional as an employee of these
agencies will be in accordance with the Basic Monthly Salary Scale for Salaried
ECE Practitioners shown in Table 3.1.
3.5.3 Task Rate Work. For piece work or task rate work, the engineer will be paid not
less than a minimum of one thousand (P1,000.00) per day or fractions thereof plus
at least “business class” traveling and living expenses if the site of the project is
more than fifty (5) kilometers away from the engineer’s established office.
3.6 OPERATIONS
3.6.1 Salaried Employee. The employment of electronics engineers in the operation of
electronics systems, services will be guided by the schedule shown in Table 3.1,
Basic Monthly Salary Scale for ECE Practitioners.
3.7 MAINTENANCE
3.7.1 Contract Basis. Electronics maintenance service may be undertaken on contract
or fixed fee basis. The fee or rate of compensation will be based upon the degree
of experience of work as defined in the contract.
3.7.2 Salaried Employee. Electronics engineers employed in maintenance work will
receive not less than the prescribed minimum compensation as shown in Table 3.1,
Basic Monthly Salary Scale for ECE Practitioners.
3.8 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
3.8.1 General. Research and development are usually undertaken by large firms or
conglomerates which have sufficient funds for the purpose.
3.8.2 Salaried Employee. The electronics engineer in this field renders service as an
employee, research and development manager, researcher or programmer/
scheduler. In such instances, the minimum remuneration will be in accordance
with the Basic Monthly Salary for ECE Practitioners.
19
3.8.3 Task Rate Work. Research and development work may also be carried out on a
scale by individual electronics engineers on piece work or task rate system under
contract or fixed fee basis. The engineers will be guided by his experience,
expertise and the monetary value of the project in the determination of the fixed
fee.
3.9 EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
3.9.1 Full Time Basis. As the professional whose services fall under 2.8.2.1 are
considered salaried electronics practitioners, their basic monthly rates are covered
by Table 3.1.
3.9.2 Part Time Basis. For those on a part-time basis or those who are paid on the
hourly basis (2.8.2.1), the minimum basic rate per hour will be those of Table 3.1
divided by fifty (50).
3.9.3 Lecturers. For those who render service for 2.8.2.2 and 2.8.2.3 their minimum
basic hourly rate will be those of Table 3.1 divided by twenty-five (25).
3.9.4 Tutorial. For those who render service for 2.8.2.4 and 2.8.2.5 the compensation
will be determined on a case-to-case basis depending upon the time of preparation
needed.
3.10 MANUFACTURING
3.10.1 Salaried Employee. Compensation of electronics engineers in the manufacture of
electronics components, devices and accessories, will be guided by the schedule
shown in Table 3.1, Basic Monthly Salary Scale for ECE Practitioners.
3.10.2 Consultancy. Compensation under this category may be referred to the options
in Section 3.2, Engineering Consultation.
ECE Laws
Engr. Leah Talusig
ELECTRONICS REGULATIONS
in the
UPDATED IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS
of the
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE
Republic Act No. 6541
“An act to ordain and institute a National Building Code of the
Philippines"
Presidential Decree 1096 signed
on February 19, 1977
The decree revised the RA 6541. The same does not conform with the
development goals and infrastructure and program of the government
and does not adequately provide for all the technological requirements
of buildings and structures in terms of up-to-standards and criteria.
Presidential Decree 1096 signed
on February 19, 1977
The original rules and regulations of the NBC were issued on various
dates in 1977-1979 through Memorandum Orders by the defunct
Ministry of Public Works, Transportation and Communications. These
rules and regulations were compiled by the then Ministry of Public
Works , now the Department of Public Works & Highways. This
compilation was subsequently approved as the -
“IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS (IRR) OF THE NBC (PD1096)
Due to technological changes in building design and construction, rapid
urbanization, development of Mega cities characterized by high rise
buildings and the relevant requirements of related laws, there is an
urgent need to update and amplify various provisions of the existing
IRR to be realistic and relevant in the present times.
National Building Code Development Office
(NBCDO) of the DPWH
• National Building Code Review Committee

• Board of Consultants (BOC)
• BOC Members
The revised Implementing Rules &
Regulations of the National Building Code of
the Philippines was
approved on April 30, 2005
Republic Act No. 5734
Electronics & Communications Engineering Act of the Philippines,
signed by then Pres. Ferdinand E. Marcos on May 22, 1969
RA 9292
 Electronics & Engineering Law of 2004, the Philippines, signed by
Pres. Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo on April 17, 2004, repealing RA 5734
 An act providing for a more responsive and comprehensive
regulation for the practice of Professional Electronics Engineers
(PECE), Electronics Engineers (ECE), & Electronics Technicians (ECT)
RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF
RA 9292 IN RELATION TO THE
NATIONAL BUILDING CODE:
The profession which used to be called “Electronics & Communications
Engineering” is now called “Electronics Engineering” (but still called
ECE for short).
Just like the Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, the Electronics
Engineers now also have a “Professional” category, the Professional
Electronics Engineer or PECE for short.
UPDATED IRR OF PD 1096 OR THE NATIONAL
BUILDING CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (NBC) IN
RELATION WITH RA 9292
RULE 1, Sec. 103.
Scope and Application

1. The scope of this IRR shall cover the following disciplines:
- architectural
- civil/structural
- electrical
- mechanical
- sanitary
- plumbing
- electronics
RULE III, Sec. 301
Building Permits
2. Permits supplementary to a Building Permit shall be applied for and
issued by the building official. These include Ancillary and the
Accessory Permits.
Ancillary Permits
The Ancillary Permits duly signed and sealed by the corresponding
professionals and the plans and specifications shall be submitted
together with the duly notarized application for Building Permit. The
Building Permit is null and void if not accompanied by the Ancillary
Permits. The prescribed Ancillary and other Accessory Permits/forms
shall likewise be used whenever applicable.
Ancillary Permits
The Ancillary Permits are the following:
i. Architectural Permit
ii. Civil/Structural Permit
iii. Electrical Permit
iv. Mechanical Permit
v. Sanitary Permit
vi. Plumbing Permit
vii. Electronics Permit

Sec. 302.
Application for Permits
3. Five (5) sets of survey plans, design plans, specifications and other
documents, prepared, signed and sealed over the printed names of
the duly licensed and registered professionals
a.Geodetic Engineer, in case of lot survey plans
b. Architect, in case of …
c. Civil Engineer, in case of …
d. Professional Electrical Engineer, in case of …
e. Professional Mechanical Engineer, in case of …
f.Sanitary Engineer, in case of…
g. Master Plumber, in case of…
h. Electronics Engineer, in case of electronics documents
Sec. 302, Application for Permits
10. Electronics Documents
Electronics plans and technical specifications for wired or wireless
telecommunications systems, broadcasting systems, including radio
and TV broadcast equipment for commercial and training purposes,
cable or wireless television systems, information technology (IT)
systems, security and alarm systems, electronic fire alarm systems,
sound-reinforcement systems, navigational aids and controls, indoor
and outdoor signages, electronically-controlled conveyance systems,
electronic/computerized process controls and automation systems,
building automation, management and control systems, including, but
not limited to:
a. General Layout plans with legends
b. Single line diagrams

c. Riser Diagram
d. Isometry of the system
e. Equipment specifications
f. Design analysis, as applicable
g. Cost estimates
Section 303. Processing of Building Permits
9. Electronics
The Electronics Section/Unit evaluates building/structure documents as
to compliance to technical requirements.
Section 304. Issuance of Building Permits
5. Terms and Conditions of Permits
b. The permits shall be accompanied by the various ancillary and
accessory permits, plans and specifications, signed and sealed
by the corresponding design professionals who shall be
responsible for the comprehensiveness and correctness of the
plans in compliance to the Code and its IRR and to all applicable
referral codes and professional regulatory laws.
NBCDO Memorandum Circular No. 01, Series of
2005 from Sec. Hermogenes E. Ebdane, Jr. also
states that:
4. Prior to the processing of building and ancillary permits,
authenticated machine copies of the valid and recent
Professional Identification Card issued by the Professional
Regulation Commission, Integrated and Accredited
Professional Organization of Architects and other Accredited
Professional Organization certificates, Professional Tax Receipt,
Community Tax Certificate, Tax Identification Number, shall
be submitted to the BO as a guide in verifying the certainty that
the signatories are registered Filipino professionals.

ELECTRONICS PERMIT
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 1 (TO BE ACCOMPLISHED BY THE OWNER/APPLICANT)
OWNER/APPLICANT LAST NAME FIRST NAME MI TIN
FOR CONSTRUCTION OWNED
BY AN ENTERPRISE
FORM OF OWNERSHIP USE OR CHARACTER OF OCCUPANCY
ADDRESS NO. STREET BARANGAY CITY/MUNICIPALITY ZIP CODE TELEPHONE NO.
LOCATION OF CONSTRUCTION LOT NO. __________ BLK NO. __________ TCT NO. _____________ TAX
DEC. NO. _______________
STREET ______________________ BARANGAY ____________________________ CITY/MUNICIPALITY

________________________________
SCOPE OF WORK
 NEW INSTALLATION  ANNUAL INSPECTION  OTHERS (Specify) __________________________
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 2 (TO BE ACCOMPLISHED BY DESIGN PROFESSIONAL)
NATURE OF INSTALLATION WORKS/EQUIPMENT/SYSTEM
 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM  ELECTRONICS FIRE ALARM SYSTEM  ELECTRONICS COMPUTERIZED

PROCESS
CONTROL & AUTOMATION SYSTEM
 BROADCASTING SYSTEM  SOUND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM  BUILDING AUTOMATION

MANAGEMENT
CONTROL SYSTEM
 TELEVISION SYSTEM  CENTRALIZED CLOCK SYSTEM  BUILDING WIRING UTILIZING COPPER CABLE
FIBER OPTIC CABLE OR OTHER MEDIA
 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM  SOUND SYSTEM ELECTRONICS SYSTEM
 SECURITY AND ALARM SYSTEM  ELECTRONICS CONTROL AND CONVEYOR SYSTEM
 ANY OTHER ELECTRONICS AND I.T. SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT, APPARATUS, DEVICE AND/OR COMPONENT
(Specify) ______________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
PREPARED BY
________________________________________________________________________________
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 3
PLEASE MAKE SURE THAT THE
PROFESSIONAL ELECTRONICS
ENGINEER HAS INDICATED
HIS/HER APO MEMBERSHIP
NUMBER AND VALIDITY OF
MEMBERSHIP (AS PER RA
9292 AND NBDCO MEMO
CIRCULAR).
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 4
PLEASE MAKE SURE THAT THE
PROFESSIONAL ELECTRONICS
ENGINEER HAS INDICATED
HIS/HER APO MEMBERSHIP
NUMBER AND VALIDITY OF
MEMBERSHIP (AS PER RA
9292 AND NBDCO MEMO
CIRCULAR).
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 8
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 9
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 9
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 9
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 9
ELECTRONICS PERMIT
BOX 9
Sample Electronics Documents
General Lay-out plans with Legends
Single Line Diagram
Riser Diagram
Equipment Specifications
OTHER SAMPLE PLANS
Antenna Mount Details, Bantay34
RF Diagram San Jose
ELECTRONIC FEES AND OTHER
CHARGES
ELECTRONIC FEES AND OTHER CHARGES
7. ELECTRONICS FEES
a. Central Office switching equipment, remote switching units,
concentrators, PABX/PBX’s, cordless/wireless telephone and
communication systems, intercommunication system and other
types of switching/routing/distribution equipment used for voice,
data, image, text, facsimile, internet service, cellular, paging and
other types/forms of wired or wireless communications . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . P2.40 per port

A TYPICAL TELEPHONE SWITCHING SYSTEM
TELEPHONE
SWITCHING SYSTEM
or
PRIVATE
AUTOMATIC
BRANCH
EXCHANGE
(PABX)
TRUNKS
or
TRUNKLINES
EXTENSIONS
or
LOCALS
A SIMPLE DEFINITION OF DIGITAL
AND ANALOG SWITCHING SYSTEMS
An ANALOG system is one that utilizes waveforms (i.e., analog signals)
as compared to a DIGITAL system, which utilizes binary-encoded signals
(i.e., data that has been formatted into 1s and 0s).
b. Broadcast station for radio and TV for both commercial and training
purposes, CATV headend, transmitting/ receiving/relay radio and
broadcasting communications stations, communications centers,
switching centers, control centers, operation and/or maintenance
centers, call centers, cellsites, equipment silos/ shelters and other
similar locations/structures used for electronics and
communications services including those used for navigational ads,
radar, telemetry, tests and measurements, global positioning and
personnel/ vehicle location . . . . P1,000.00 per location

Broadcast station for radio and TV
for both commercial and training
purposes
CATV head-end
transmitting/ receiving/relay radio
and broadcasting communications
stations
c. Automated teller machines, ticketing, vending and other types of
electronic dispensing machines, telephone booths, pay phones, coin
changers, location or direction-finding systems, navigational
equipment used for land, aeronautical or maritime applications,
photography and reproduction machines x-ray, scanners, ultra-sound
and other apparatus/ equipment used for medical, biomedical,
laboratory and testing purposes and other similar electronic
electronically-controlled apparatus or devices, whether located
indoor or outdoors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 10.00 per unit
Automated teller machines
 ticketing, vending and
 other types of electronic
dispensing machines
 telephone booths
 pay phones
 coin changers
location or direction-finding
systems
navigational equipment used for
land, aeronautical or maritime
applications
photography and reproduction

machines
x-ray, scanners, ultrasound and
other apparatus/equipment used
for medical, biomedical,
laboratory and testing purposes
and
other similar electronic or
electronically- controlled
apparatus or devices, whether
located indoor or outdoors
.…………P 10.00 per unit
d. Electronics and communications
outlets used for connection and
termination of voice, data,
computer (including
workstations, servers, routers,
etc.), audio, video, or any form of
electronics and
communications services,
irrespective of whether a user
terminal is connected . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . P2.40 per outlet
e. Station/terminal/control point/port/ central or remote panels/outlets
for security and alarm systems (including watchman system, burglar
alarms, intrusion detection systems, lighting controls, monitoring and
surveillance system, sensors, detectors, parking management system,
barrier controls, signal lights, etc.), electronics fire alarm (including
early-detection systems, smoke detectors, etc.), sound- reinforcement/
background music/paging/ conference systems and the like, CATV/

MATV/CCTV and off-air television, electronically-controlled conveyance
systems, building automation, management systems and similar types of
electronic or electronically-controlled installations whether a user
terminal is connected. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . P2.40 per termination
electronics fire alarm
(including early-detection
systems, smoke
detectors, etc.),
sound-reinforcement/
background,
music/paging/conferenc
e systems and the like,
CATV/MATV/CCTV and
off-air television
PAGING SYSTEM
CCTV
BUILDING AUTOMATION
Internet
Video archiving
on CD-ROM or
DVD
Print Video
snapshot directly
Dual monitor
PTZ
cameras
Fixed
cameras
PDA or 3G
Cellphone
f. Studios, auditoriums, theaters, and similar structures for radio and TV
broadcast, recording, audio/video reproduction/ simulation and similar
activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P1,000.00 per location
AUDITORIUMS
THEATERS
g. Antenna towers/masts or other structures for installation of any electronic
and/or communications transmission/reception . . . P1,000.00 per structure
h. Electronic or electronically-controlled indoor and outdoor signages and
display systems, including TV monitors, multi- media signs, etc. . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P50.00 per unit
i. Poles and attachment:
Per Pole (to be paid by pole owner) . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 20.00
Per attachment (to be paid by any entity
who attaches to the pole of others) . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P 20.00
j. Other types or electronics
or electronically-controlled
device, apparatus,
equipment, instrument or
units not specifically
identified above . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . P50.00 per unit
ANNUAL FEES
Sec. 6.11.7.
Annual electronics inspection fees shall be the same as the fees in
Section 6.7. of this Rule.

ECELAWS
Engr. Leah Talusig
Salient Differences Found in
IRR
Learning Outcomes
Identify the differences between RA 9292 and the IRR
Definition and Interpretation of Terms
• Act – refers to R.A. 9292
Sec 5. Nature and Scope of Practice
(a) The scope and nature of practice of the ECE as defined in this
Section shall be also applicable to the PECE, with the sole difference
that it shall only be the latter who can provide consulting services as
defined in RA 9292, and to sign and seal electronics plans, drawings,
permit applications, specifications, reports and other technical
documents prepared by himself/herself and/or under his/her direct
supervision;
(b) ECEs are not prevented from rendering design work and
providing/assuming any supervisory role in electronics works and
related fields; provided, that all plans, drawings, specifications,
reports and related technical documents resulting or produced from
such works which shall be submitted to regulatory authorities
and/or that impacts on life, limb and property shall be reviewed and
accordingly signed and sealed only by a PECE, to indicate that the
PECE approves of and assumes responsibility for the technical
accuracy and correctness, as well as the safety aspects, of the works
represented by such documents;

(c) Consulting services, as previously defined in Section 3, Article I of RA
9292 is further clarified herein as those consulting services
rendered by the PECE regardless of the manner of compensation
from the beneficiary thereof;
All subjects for licensure examinations shall be taught by persons who
are holders of valid certificates of registration and professional
identification cards, or special temporary permits issued by the Board
and the Commission; Provided, that, for the implementation of this
requirement, the Board through the Commission shall, within ninety
(90) days from the effectivity of this “IRR”, furnish the CHED with a
listing of the various subjects included in the licensure examinations,
together with copies of the syllabi for the subjects for examination.
Powers and Functions of the Board
Duties of Chairman and Members. The Chairman shall preside at all
meetings and sign all official documents, letters, correspondence
involving important matters and policies of the Board including
summons, subpoena or subpoena duces tecum. In case of temporary
incapacity or absence of the Chairman, it shall be the duty of the
members of the Board to attend all meetings particularly when the
purpose of such meetings is to deliberate on the results of
examinations or questions involving important policies of the Board.
Powers and Functions of the Board
• Meetings. Regular monthly meetings shall be held. Special meetings
may be held as often as may be necessary at the discretion of the
Chairman or upon the request of the majority of the Board.
• Quorum. All members shall attend the meetings of the Board, except
for unavoidable circumstances, in which case two members of the
Board may be sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of
official business.
Scope of Examinations
1. For Electronic Engineers – The examination for ECEs shall consist of
written test which shall be divided into four (4) general areas:
• Mathematics (20%),
• General Engineering and Applied Sciences (20%),
• Electronics Engineering (30%) and
• Electronics Systems and Technologies (30%).
• The subjects to be covered shall include the following: Mathematics,
Applied Sciences, Engineering Economics, Laws and Ethics,
Electronics, Communications, Computers and Information and
Communications Technology (ICT). The corresponding syllabi and
descriptions are found in Annex “A” of this “IRR”.
2. For Electronics Technicians – The examinations for ECT shall consist
of written and/or practical tests covering subjects to be prescribed
by the Board and shall cover topics specific to the practice of ECTs.
For this purpose, the Board may adopt recommendations from the
TESDA in relation to approved course curricula and/or subjects covered
in similar examinations that the latter is administering and/or
conducting for accreditation of electronics technicians.
As urgent and important need arises so as to conform to technological
and modern changes, the Board may, through appropriate Resolutions,
recluster, rearrange, modify, add to or exclude any subject and
prescribe the number of final examination/s per year after approval by
the Commission. The Resolution thereon shall be officially published in
the Official Gazette or major daily newspapers of general circulation
and also circularized and disseminated to all colleges and schools
offering the ECE and ECT programs.

Filing of Application –
1. Applications shall be made in the prescribed form with all the
required documents attached therewith and no application made
otherwise shall be accepted. All questions and/or requirements in
the Commission prescribed form shall be answered in full and/or
fully complied with. Applications shall be filed together with the
required documents and fees with the Commission thirty (30)
working days prior to the first day of examination but in no case later
than ten (10) days before the actual first day of examinations.
2. By filing of the application, it is understood that such is conditional
and the applicant agrees to observe strictly the requirements
prescribed in this “IRR”.
3. The designated department of the Commission shall screen the
applications to determine whether or not the requirements for
admission to the examination have been complied with.
Issuance of Certificate of Registration and
Professional Identification Cards
• The Professional Identification Card shall be valid for a period
prescribed by the Commission and renewable thereafter.
• The current/valid membership identification card from the APO shall
be presented by the professional to the Commission when renewing
the Professional Identification Card.
Revocation and Suspension
• No certificate shall be denied, revoked or suspended for any of the reasons
herein, provided, not until after a sworn complaint in writing and sworn to
by the person making it against the applicant or holder thereof shall have
been filed with the Board through the Legal and Investigation Office and
heard in a public hearing, or upon request behind closed doors by the
Board.
• Any person, firm, or association may file charges in accordance with the
provisions of this section against any registrant, or the Board may motu
proprio investigate and/or take cognizance of acts and practices
constituting sufficient cause for suspension or revocation of the Certificate
of Registration by proper resolution or order.
• The rules on administrative investigation issued by the Commission shall
govern the hearing or investigation of the case, subject to applicable
provisions of RA 9292, RA 8981, PRC Resolution No. 06-342(A), Series of
2006, and the Rules of Court.
The Official Seal/Logo of the Board
The Official Seal/Logo of the Board which is shown hereunder is
circular in shape, consisting two concentric circles, with the
outside circle measuring 48mm in diameter and the inner circle
measuring 28mm in diameter.
The upper part of the annular space bear the words BOARD OF
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING and lower half the words
PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION.
The inner circle space has the symbol of an atom with a nucleus
and electrons located at the middle portion. The outer and inner
ring is filled with orange with boundaries in navy blue color, the
text is black with white background, the inner ring is filled with
navy blue background, the atom with white and the nucleus and
electrons in red color.
The Seal of Professional Electronics Engineer
The Seal of Professional Electronics Engineer as provided
by Section 29, Article IV of RA 9292 shall be, a dry circular
seal consisting of two concentric circles with the outer circle

measuring 48mm in diameter and the inner circle
measuring 32mm in diameter with the appearance of an
atom with a nucleus and electrons on the upper portion, a
horizontal space bearing the word LICENSE NO. and just
below is the license number. The portion of the inner circle
below the diametral space shall bear the name of the
person holding the Professional Electronics Engineer license.
The upper portion of the annular space bear the words
PROFESSIONAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEER and the lower
portion bear the word PHILIPPINES.
Code of Ethics and Code of Technical
Standards of Practice
The APO shall submit the same to the Board within six (6)
months from the effectivity of this “IRR” for consideration
and adoption. The Code of Technical Standards of Practice
shall be updated whenever necessary to conform to latest
developments.
Code of Ethics and Code of Technical
Standards of Practice
The APO shall submit the same to the Board within six (6)
months from the effectivity of this “IRR” for consideration
and adoption. The Code of Technical Standards of Practice
shall be updated whenever necessary to conform to latest
developments.
ECE Laws
Engr. Leah Talusig
National Telecommunications Commission
(NTC)
Overview
• government agency created under Executive Order No. 546
• promulgated on July 23, 1979
• sole body that exercises jurisdiction over the supervision,
adjudication and control over all telecommunications services
throughout the country
• adopts and promulgates such guidelines, rules, and regulations
relative to the establishment operation and maintenance of various
telecommunications facilities and services nationwide
Overview
• remains under the administrative supervision of the Department of
Transportation and Communications (DOTC) as an attached agency
• However, with respect to its quasi-judicial functions, NTC's decisions
are appealable only and directly to the Supreme Court of the
Philippines
The First Telegraph Line
• The first telegraph line to be established in the country was between
Manila and island of Corregidor. Its establishment followed by some
twenty four years the inauguration of the Washington- Baltimore
circuit, the first telegraph line in the United States, and 30 years after
the electric telegraph was invented.
• by 1897, there were already 65 government telegraph offices in
operation In the country of which 49 were In Luzon, 9 in Panay, 4 in

Negros and 3 In Cebu. The stations were interconnected by 2,818
kilometers of telegraph lines.
The First International Telegram Link
• Using undersea cable, the first international telegram link was
undertaken by CALABRIA and completed the work on May 2,1880
• with the Philippine end of the 535-nautical mile cable landing at
Bolinao, then a part of Zambales and now part of Pangasinan
• From that point an overland cable was laid all the way to Manila, 160
miles away and communications between Manila and Hong Kong was
officially opened to the public
Telecommunications Service During the First
Republic
• The president officially opens the telegraph service on November 2,
1898 and on the 10th of the same month, the postal service
• Services, however, were limited to areas in Luzon which were under
the jurisdiction of the Revolutionary Government.
• In 1919, with the Introduction of wireless telegraphy the Bureau of
Posts put up Its own wireless stations.
• The first automatic telephone system to become operational in the
country was installed in Manila by the Philippine Islands Telephone
and Telegraph Corporation (PITTC)
Republic
• In 1926, Crispulo Zamora marketed the tuned gird, tuned plate
medium wave transmitter, an improvement on the then popularly
used long wave transmitter
• Zamora later on signed a contract with Bureau of Posts to effect the
change of the bureau’s wireless installations with medium power
short wave equipment

• The first stations to be equipped with the new type transmitters were
Infanta in Tayabas province (now Quezon) and Cebu with Dapitan
following suit on April 13, 1927
Republic
• In 1930, the Bureau of Posts established the first teleprinter circuit
between Manila and Batangas
• The following year radio contact between Zamboanga and Sandakan
in North Borneo was established as per agreement with the Britsh
North Borneo Company
• Most of the operators in Sandakan were Chinese.
• In 1933, RCA Communications established the first radiotelephone
circuit between the Philippines and the U.S. in Joint operation with
the Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT)
Republic
• PLDT is also credited with introducing the first in-country microwave
communications system in 1955 the same year that RCA
Communications introduced telex service between the Philippines
and the U.S.
• In 1948, the Bureau of Telecommunications (BUTEL) inaugurated the
first domestic radiotelephone service
• BUTEL is credited with having introduced a number of the “firsts in
the local telecommunications sector
• These include the crossbar type automatic telephone exchange
reportedly the first of its kind in Asia at the time of its installation at
Malacañang Palace in 1957
Republic
• the first domestic telex service (1969)
• the first commercially operated trophospheric scatter system the
following year
• The Bureau also introduced the social telegram service here in 1955
• Philippines had the distinction of being the first in Southeast Asia to
put up and operate an earth station when the Philippine
Communications Satellite Corporation (Philcomsat) inaugurated its
interim earth station in Pinugay, Tanay Rizal in 1967
Republic
• In 1992, PLDT introduced the fiber optic technology in the country
• six years later inaugurated the country’s first cellular mobile
telephone network
Rehabilitation
• When the war ended in 1945, nothing had been left of the prewar
telecommunications network of the Bureau of Posts
• With the assistance of the US Armed Forces which provided vitally
needed equipment and materials, the government undertook the
rehabilitation of the destroyed communication lines
• The agency (renamed Telecommunications Office following the
reorganization of the Department of Transportation and
communication in 1987) continues to operate its telegraph service
Rehabilitation
• It maintains and operates stations and offices in 90% of the country’s
towns and cities as well as a telegraphic transfer service which it took
over from the Bureau of Posts in October 1974
Telephone Service
• The country’s first telephone system was established during the
administration of Spanish Governor-General Valeriano Weyler y

Nicolao (1888-1891)
• In 1914, another telephone system using magneto-type switchboards
was established in Iloilo City
• Ten years later the Negros Telephone Company was put up
• In 1922, PLTTC was dissolved and its assets and business taken over
by another company, the Philippine Telephone and Telegraph
Corporation
Telephone Service
• In 1933, the company, in joint operation with RCA Communications,
established the first radio-telephone circuit between the Philippine
and the United States
• In 1955, it introduced microwave communicatons initially on short
haul basis between two of its exchanges in Luzon
• The network was extended throughout Luzon in 1966 then to the
Visayas in 1967 and two years later was extended to the island of
Mindanao
• In 1964, the Trans-Pacific submarine cable system, where PLDT
participated with a P 50-million investment, reached the Philippines
Telephone Service
• That same year the company inaugurated its tropospheric scatter
system in Luzon to carry its overseas traffic via cable to and from its
Manila terminal office
• On December 20, 1967, the company passed into Filipino hands
• General Telephone and Electronics Corporation of New York which
previously held the controlling stock of the company voluntarily
relinquished control in favor of a group of Filipino businessmen
headed by Ramon Cojuangco who became the first Filipino president
of PUTT
• In 1980 the company acquired the Republic Telephone Company

(RETELCO) from the Santiagos
Domestic Telegraph Service
• The first privately-owned domestic telegraph company to operate
here was the Clavecilla Radio System (CRS) which was issued a
Congressional franchise in 1947
• In 1960, Republic Act 2963 was enacted granting the Radio
Communications of the Philippines, Incorporated (RCPI) a franchise to
operate commercial radio telephony, radio telegraphy, television,
coastal and marine communications for domestic and international
operations
• During the same year, Philippine Wireless, Inc. was granted a
franchise, as per Republic Act 3006, to operate commercial
telecommunications services within and outside the Philippines
Domestic Telegraph Service
• At present there are seven domestic telegraph companies in
operation:
• Philippine Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (PT&T)
• Radio Communications of the Philippines, Inc. (RCPI)
• BFC Corporation
• Federal Wireless
• Universal Telecommunications Service (UTS)
• Clavecilla Radio System (CR5)
• government Bureau of Telecommunications (now
Telecommunications Office).
International Telecom Services
• On July 4, 1903, the first Pacific Cable linking Manila with San
Francisco, USA was completed by the Commercial Pacific Cable
Company
• The inauguration of the system was highlighted by the exchange of

messages between US President Theodore Roosevelt and Philippine
Governor General William Howard Taft
• In 1927, the Radio Corporation of the Philippines opened the first
radio-telegraph service between Manila and San Francisco (USA)
• This was followed by similar circuits between the Philippines and
other countries
• In accordance with the provisions of Act 2495 enacted by the
Philippine Legislature on December 8, 1928, the Robert Dollar
Company was granted a franchise to provide international telegram
service. The company started operations the following year.
• In 1930, MacKay Radio and Telegraph Company established its Manila
office
• In 1933, the first telephone service between the Philippines and the
United States was established by RCA Communications in joint
operations with PLDT
• RCA Communications is also credited with introducing, in 1955; telex
services between the Philippines end the 115 and later from the US
to Europe
• On November 28, 1934, the Philippine Legislature enacted Act 4150
authorizing the sale, assignment and transfer of the franchise of Dollar
Radio to Globe Wireless (Philippines) Ltd. which started operation a year
later offering a new and less expensive service to the US called Radiomail
• The same company in 1949 established the first ground—to-air radio
telephone communications for airlines when Pan American Airways
entered into an agreement with the company
• In 1956 Globe Wireless and Mackay Radio merged their transmitting and
receiving facilities
• On June 19, 1965, Congress enacted RA 4491 approving the merger of the
two companies giving rise to the Globe Mackay Cable and Radio
Corporation (GMCR)
• There are four international record carriers operating in the country
today:
• Philippine Global Communications (Philcom), a subsidiary of RCA
Communications
• Eastern Telecommunications Philippines Incorporated (ETPI), a
subsidiary of Cable and Wireless
• Globe Mackay Cable and Radio Corporation (GMCR), an ITT
company
• Capitol Wireless (Capwire), a 100% Filipino company
• Satellite communication facilities are provided by the Philippine
Communications Satellite Corporation (Philcomsat)
• government-designated operating entity which was incorporated
in1966 when the country became a signatory to the operating
agreement with the International Telecommunication Satellite
Organization (INTELSAT)
• Philcomsat is a Filipino Corporation with the Philippine Government
and the Philippine Overseas Telecommunication Corporation (POTC),
a privately-owned corporation, as stockholders
• POTC manages Philcomsat and operates the facilities of the earth
station
• Philcomsat is also a member of the London-based International
Maritime Satellite Organization (INPIARSAT) which it joined in March
1981
• The company started its operation in April 1967 making the
Philippines the first Southeast Asia country to operate such a station
• Its permanent station was inaugurated on May 2, 1966
Satellite Communications
• 1997: Launched Agila 2 to provide the most powerful coverage in the
Asia-Pacific region (orbits at 1460E longitude)
• 2010: ABS Satellite is currently drifting Agila 2 (ABS-5) to the 30W
orbital slot and renaming it ABS-3.
Maritime Communications System
• Maritime communications in the country today is handled by 21
public coast stations for international public correspondence
• more than 100 private coast stations for private correspondence for
shipping and fishing firms
• and a number of government roast stations -for official business
correspondence, port control services and emergency
communications particularly for search and rescue operations
purposes in times of maritime disasters
Submarine Cable Systems
• A new technology submarine cable system, the Guam – Philippine –
Taiwan (GPT) fiber optic cable, which forms part of the new Trans –
Pacific Submarine Cable System became operational on February 1,
1990
• the new cable system, the country’s first, is partly owned by PLDT
• It lands at Infanta cable station
Training
• The fist institution that provided training for telecommunications
personnel in the country was the Telegraph Practical School
established in 1872
• In 1910, the Bureau of Posts inaugurated its own Post – Telegraph

School with Filipino and American instructors
• In 1920, the school started offering the wireless telegraphy (radio)
course
• Up to the late 1960s, training in electronics and communications was
continued in most instances to the vocational level
Training
• In the college level, electronics and communications were merely
among the subjects that form an integral part of the electrical
engineering course
• In 1969, however, with the enactment of Republic Act 5734
(Electronics and Communications Engineering Law) electronics and
communications engineering came its own as a separate and distinct
profession
The Telecommunications Training Institute
• Telecommunications Training Institute (ITI) of the Bureau of
Telecommunications (BUTEL) which was established in 1963 under the
United Nations Special Fund assistance grant with the International
Telecommunications Union (ITU) as the executing agency
International Technical Cooperation
• Philippines has actively participated in major projects and activities of
the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), the Association of
South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the Asia Pacific Telecommunity
(ATI)
• The country has sent delegations to conferences, meetings, seminars and
workshops during which vital matters affecting the local
telecommunications sector have been taken up
International Telecommunications Union (ITU)
• Philippines has been the recipient of various forms of assistance by
ITU in the form of expert assistance, seminars and workshops for our
technical personnel and other forms of aids for the development of
telecommunications in the country
• The Union has helped the government identify technical cooperation
requirements to meet sectoral and inter-sectoral goals in the socioeconomic settings even as it has also
helped assisted in the
prosecution of various development-oriented projects
Association of South East Asian Nations
(ASEAN)
• Delegations have been sent to ASEAN conferences, particularly to its
Committee of Transportation and Communications (COTAC) as well as
those of its sub-committees on Posts and Telecommunications
(POSTEL)
• Among the various cooperative projects that the ASEAN has
initiated are the submarine cable projects, UNDP/ESCAP programs
affecting the region, regional communications satellite system, radio
frequency coordination and other equally important undertakings
The Radio Amateur Service
• The country’s early radio amateurs (called hams) were real
experiments who tried out different circuits and assemblies or even
improvised components to make their rigs work
• In 1947, the association, in representation of an independent
Philippines Government, applied for and was extended recognition as
the official member society of the International Telecommunications
Union (ITU) granted to the Philippines its present official prefix “DU”
Birth of Philippine Broadcasting
• The pioneers in the field of broadcasting in the Philippines were the
radio amateurs or hams
• first radio broadcasting station in the country was an experimental

five-watt transmitter put up by Ed Martin, as American ham, in the
Pacific Building in District of Binondo Manila in 1923
• The first low-power broadcasts were made with the use of low-power
GE and RCA transmitter
• Later, another station was put up by one Fred J. Elser, another ham, in
Ermita using a pair of 50-watt tubes and about 100-watt power.
• Another station was also put up at Camp Nichols, Rizal (now Villamor
Air Base) which enjoyed big listenership among amateurs using crystal
sets or the three tube Federal receivers marketed by the Herman’s
Electrical Supply owned by Henry Herman
• Herman himself, in October 1924, put up his KZKZ, the first high
power station in Manila
• Studio and transmitter were housed at the penthouse of the Santos
Building on Plaza Sta. Cruz.
• A year later, Herman sold KZKZ to the Radio Corporation of the
Philippines (RCP) headed by Marcos Roces which increased the
station’s power to 500 watts
• In 1924, another radio corporation, Far Eastern Radio (FER) headed by
Col. Andres Soriano and one Admiral Bullard, purchased Elser’s
transmitter and hired him to build station KZRQ, a 500-watt station,
at the Manila Hotel
• The station was inaugurated in December 1924
• In November 1925, Isaac Beck put up Manila’s third broadcasting
station, KZIB, a 20-watt station
• Five years later, the stations power was increased to one kilowatt
• In 1927, Erlanger and Galinger, Inc., put up KZRM, a one-kilowatt
station (subsequently increased to two kilo-watts), and KZEG, a sister

station
• In 1939, the H.E. Hecock Company, put up KZRH, the country’s first
commercial broadcast station and the most powerful station then
• The new station had a 10-kilowatt transmitter. Its studios were
located at the top floor of the Hecock’s Building in Escolta Manila
• Television broadcasting on the other hand, came to the Philippines in
1953 when the Alto Broadcasting Corporation (ABS) owned by Judge
Antonio Quirino put up DZAQ TV 3, the country’s first commercial TV
station
• In 1960 the Inter-Island Broadcasting Corporation put up Channel 13.
• The following year, the republic Broadcasting Systems (RBS) put up
channel 7.
• Two more TV stations were established in 1962; Channel 5 of the
Associated Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) and Channel 11 of the
Metropolitan Broadcasting Corporation.
• Color Television was introduced in 1967 by ABS-CBN
• Before the imposition of Martial Law by the Marcos Regime in 1972,
the biggest broadcasting network in the country was ABS-CBN, a
merger of the Alto Broadcasting System (ABS) and the Chronicle
Broadcasting Network (CBN)
• ABS-CBN is credited with having pioneered in several aspects of local
broadcasting.
• Bolinao Electronics Corporation, a dealer in US Army surplus
electronics equipments and materials, was the first to undertake the
fabrication locally of broadcast audio and transmitter equipment
• First to locally fabricate 50-kilowatt AM transmitter, first FM stereo,

first to use the Ampliphase transmitter, first to use the video tape
recorder, first to telecast in color (1967), put up a CATV system, first in
TV relay system, first TV multi-station simulcast covering Luzon and
the Vizayas, first to have two way TV circuit via satellite, first to cover
the Olympics and various other “firsts” in the local broadcast field.
• In 1969, Kanlaon Broadcasting System (KBS) bought the facilities of
Channel 9 from ABS-CBN to start the operation of its own network
History
• 1927: Act No. 3396 known as the Ship Radio Station Law was
enacted. The Radio Construction and Maintenance Section, the first
radio regulatory office was charged to enforce the said law.
• 1931: Act No. 3846 known as the Radio Control Law was enacted. The
Radio Control Division in the Bureau of Post was created under the
jurisdiction of the then Secretary of Commerce and Communications.
• 1939: The Radio Control Division was transferred to the Department
of National Defense which was organized pursuant to Executive Order
No. 230.
• 1947: The Radio Control Division was again transferred to the
Department of Commerce and Industry which was created pursuant
to Executive Order No. 230.
History
• 1951: Republic Act 1476 was enacted abolishing the Radio Control
Board.
• 1962: Department Order 51 was issued changing the name of the
Radio Control Division to the Radio Control Office.
• 1972: The Board of Communications (BOC) was created under the
Integrated Reorganization Law. It was the first quasi-judicial body with
adjudicatory powers on matters involving telecommunications

services.
• 1974: The Radio Control Office was renamed the Telecommunications
Control Bureau.
History
• 1979: By virtue of Executive Order 546, the TCB and the BOC were
integrated into a single entity now known as the National
Telecommunications Commission. The Ministry of Transportation and
Communications, which was created under the same Order has
administrative jurisdiction over the NTC.
• 1987: President Corazon Aquino issued Executive Order 125-A making
the NTC an attached agency of the Department of Transportation and
Communications.
• 2004: President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo issued Executive Order 269
creating the Commission on Information and Communications
Technology and transferring the NTC from the DOTC to the CICT.
History
transferring the NTC back to the DOTC.
transferring the NTC back to the CICT.
• 2011: President Benigno Aquino III issued Executive Order 47 which
retains NTC under the Office of the President as part of the other
executive offices.
• 2016: President Benigno S. Aquino III signed Republic Act No. 10844
creating the Department of Information and Communications
Technology (DICT) and making the NTC an attached agency of the
newly created executive department.

ECE LAWS
Engr. Leah Talusig
History of PRC
• The Professional Regulation Commission was first created as a
national government agency by Presidential Decree (P.D.) No. 223 on
June 22, 1973, signed by then President Ferdinand E. Marcos.
• previously called the Office of the Boards of Examiners created by
Republic Act No. 546 on June 17, 1950, under the Civil Service
Commission (CSC)
• PRC became operational on January 4, 1974
• PRC was placed under the Office of the President for general
supervision and coordination
• IRR of P.D. No. 223 was promulgated on December 9, 1974
• Under P.D. 223, professional regulation was standardized for the
thirty-three (33) professions then under the PRC
• PRC started issuing certificates of registration in Filipino with English
translation
• In 1975, PRC started issuance of computer-printed registration cards
with one-year validity and also started accrediting professional
organizations
• On October 11, 1975 Presidential Decree No. 839 was issued placing
the PRC under the general direction and coordination of the CSC
• In August 1976, PRC entered into an agreement with the Civil Service
Commission to register all board examination passers as civil service
eligibles pursuant to R.A. 1080, as amended

• In 1977, PRC started issuing registration cards valid for 3 years
pursuant to Letter of Instruction No. 567
• In 1982, PRC conducted mass oath-taking ceremonies of new
professionals
• The Specialty Board of Interior Design under the Board of Architecture
was created
• In 1983, the Specialty Board of Landscape Architecture under the
Board of Architecture was created
• Two microcomputers are acquired in 1984 to start off
computerization of Application, Registration and Examination System
• The PRC created the database of applicants for examinations in 1987
• In 1988, the Board of Accountancy started the monitoring of
performance of schools on licensure examinations
• In 1990, partially computerized licensure examinations started with
the August physician licensure examinations using computerized
answer sheets
• PRC developed the Test Questions Databank System in 1991
• Partially-computerized licensure examinations started with the
physician licensure examinations in August, followed by partially
computerized licensure examinations for midwives, accountants,
medical technologists, and nurses
• Enhanced partial computerization of licensure examinations was also
implemented for marine deck and engine officers
• In 1992, Atty. Hermogenes P. Pobre assumed office as Commissioner
• Executive Order No. 200 was issued institutionalizing partial
computerization for all licensure examinations
• Computerized application forms were pilot-tested in the CPA licensure
examination
• In the same year, PRC formulated its Information Systems Strategic

Plan (ISSP) to computerize vital agency operations, leading to the
partial computerization of licensure examinations for marine deck
and engineer officers through a Test Question Databank System and
computerized checking and rating of test results
• The Commission implemented the Continuing Professional Education
(CPE) for all professions
• The year 1993 witnessed the implementation of fully-computerized
examinations in fifteen professions through the Test Question
Databank and correction of test papers by Optical Mark Reader
• CPE was implemented in fifteen professions
• Delinquent professionals were delisted from the rolls of registered
professionals.
• In 1994, Republic Act No. 7836 ("Philippine Teachers
Professionalization Act") was enacted, transferring the regulation of
the teaching profession from the CSC to the PRC
• Enhanced partial computerization of licensure systems was mandated
by Executive Order No. 200, leading to a dramatic decline in the
release of examination results to an average of 70 days from 160 in
the previous year
• In 1995, the Office for Professional Teachers was established
• CPE Councils for each of the professions were constituted
• Examination results were released in an average of 14.4 days from 70
days in 1994
• PRC monitored the performance of schools in licensure examinations
• President Fidel Ramos issued Executive Order No. 266 on July 25
institutionalizing CPE and making it mandatory for the renewal of
professional license
• In 1996, decentralization of agency operations began with the full
operations of regional offices in the cities of Baguio and Cebu

• PRC Offices were also established in Legazpi, Cagayan de Oro and
Davao
• The Association of Southeast Asian Nations Coordinating Council for
Services approved the Mutual Recognition Agreement proposal of the
PRC
• Licensure examination results were released in six days from an
average of fourteen days in 1995
• Administrative Order No. 260 was issued in March further
strengthening the CPE Councils by attaching them to the PRBs and
providing for their personnel complement and Trust Fund
• The year 1997, CPE was fully implemented for all professions with the
issuance of Executive Order No. 266
• Licensure examination results were released in an average of 5 days
• Guests from Vietnam, Sri Lanka and Mongolia visited the PRC to
observe the computerized examinations and CPE programs
• In 1999, the agency was formally awarded the ISO 9002 Certification
by the Anglo-Japanese-American
• Environmental Quality and Safety Certification for licensing of marine
deck and engineer officers
• The database of marine officers was established in compliance with
R.A. 8544
• PRC signed memoranda of agreement with some colleges and
universities in Manila to ferret non-qualified examinees with fake
documents
• PRC launched its website in tie-up with an application service
provider
• The year 2000 saw the approval of the PRC Modernization Act
• Test results were released and published simultaneously in Manila
and the regional offices, within an average of three (3) days

• PRC started the streamlining of systems and procedures and
improvement of basic facilities
• PRC declared all-out war against syndicates and fixers
• The Philippines was authorized to operate the APEC Engineer Register
in October 19
• In 2003, the Asia Pacific Economic Council Engineer Registry with PRC
as National Monitoring Committee was activated
• In 2004, the PRC worked for the passage of new professional
regulatory laws: Electronics and Communications Engineering,
Geodetic Engineering, Customs Brokers, Guidance Counseling,
Dentistry, Veterinary medicine, Medicine, Architecture, Physical
Therapy, Medical Technology, and Accountancy
• Professional Identification Cards were released in 5 days, 10 days for
professional teachers
PRC Online Application for Licensure
Examination
Documentary Requirements
1. Original and photocopies of Transcript of Records with Special Order
and Date of Graduation,
• with scanned pictures and with remarks “FOR BOARD
EXAMINATION PURPOSES ONLY”
• Graduates of government schools and institutions/programs
accredited by recognized accredited agencies under the FAAP are
exempted from SO
Examination
• Graduates of New Schools/Degree Programs must submit School
Recognition and/or Permit to Operate
2. Original and photocopy of NSO-issued Birth Certificate (if NSO copy

is not clear, bring copy from the Local Civil Registrar)
3. For married females, original and photocopies of NSO-issued
Marriage Contract (if NSO copy is not clear, bring copy from Local
Civil Registrar)
Examination
4. Two (2) passport-size colored pictures with white background and
complete name tag
5. Current Community Tax Certificate (Cedula)
6. Other specific requirements as required by the Commission or the
Professional Regulatory Board
Reporting
The Philippine Electronics Code Book 1: Telecommunications Facilities
Distribution System
October 13
Chapter 1 and 2: Almerol and Barbon
Chapter 3: Buan, Castro, and Chantioco
October 15
Chapter 4: Mendoza, Molina and Sadicon
Chapters 5, 6, 7, 8: Tejano and Soc-a

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ECELAW1

Engr. Leah A. Talusig

Fundamentals of Laws, Obligations and

required to perform their duties within the laws of the nation.

• Engineering is a profession that is critical to the advancement of

any rule of action or any system of uniformity.

• It is a formalized code of conduct describing what society feels is the

proper way to behave.

General Division of Law

Law may be divided into two general groups:

enforced by the state

definition of law as a rule of action. They apply to men as rational

• Physical law operates on all things, including men, without regard to

only figuratively speaking.

the concept of sin (as contrasted with crime) and salvation.

mankind by means of direct revelation.

• Sanction: The sanction of divine law lies in the assurance of certain

rewards and punishments in the present life or in the life to come.

• Natural may be defined as the divine inspiration in man of the sense

of justice, fairness, and righteousness, not by divine revelation or

formal promulgation, but by internal dictates of reason alone.

all times. There is in every man a basic understanding of right and

wrong based on an understanding of the fundamental standard or

• Natural law is said to be impressed in man as the core of his higher

conduct growing out of the collective sense of right and wrong of

every community. (It is based on what the group believes to be right

• There is no definite legal sanction like imprisonment for violation of

purely moral law only approval or disapproval of the rest of the

• Moral law is not absolute. It varies with the changing times,

conditions or convictions of the people.

• Moral law, to a great extent, influences or shapes state law.

• Physical law in general is consist of the uniformities of actions and

orders of sequence which are the physical phenomena that we sense

and feel. (e.g. law of gravitation, law of chemical combination.)

State Law (Law)

of its physical force, if necessary.

may be defined as the “the mass of obligatory rules established for

the purpose of governing the relations of persons in society.”

State Law (Law)

just, obligatory, promulgated by legitimate authority, and of common

observance and benefit.”

Characteristics of State Law

– Law tells us what shall be done and shall not be done.

– Law is considered a positive command imposing a duty to obey

and involving a sanction which forces obedience.

Characteristics of State Law

3. It is promulgated by legitimate authority.

– In the case of the Philippines, the legitimate or competent

are also empowered to enact ordinances which have the binding

4. It is of common observance and benefit.

– Law must be observed by all for the benefit of all.

What would life be without law?

• No society can be stable in which either of these requirements fails to

What does law do?

- control social relations

What is our duty as members of society?

• Since we find law necessary, every citizen should have some

understanding of law and observe it for the common good.

1. Constitution - the written instrument by which the fundamental

powers of the government are established, limited, and defined, and by

2. Legislation – It consists in the declaration of legal rules by a

competent authority. Acts passed by the legislature are so called