Best Bengali Grammar Book PDF

1.
fvlv
2. e¨vKiY
3. aŸwb cwiPq
4. kã
5. evK¨
6. mgvm
7. mwÜ
8. mwÜ I mgv‡mi cv_©K¨
9. cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q
10. DcmM©
11. AbymM©
12. cÖwZkã
13. wecixZ kã
14. cvwifvwlK kã
15. YÑZ¡ weavb
16. lÑZ¡ weavb
17. evsjv evbvb
18. kã ïw×KiY
19. evK¨ ïw×KiY
20. evK¨ iƒcvšÍi
21. hwZwPý
.
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1. fvlv
2. e¨vKiY
3. aŸwb cwiPq
4. kã
5. evK¨
6. mgvm
7. mwÜ
8. mwÜ I mgv‡mi cv_©K¨
9. cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q
10. DcmM©
11. AbymM©
12. cÖwZkã
13. wecixZ kã
14. cvwifvwlK kã
15. YÑZ¡ weavb
16. lÑZ¡ weavb
17. evsjv evbvb
18. kã ïw×KiY
19. evK¨ ïw×KiY
20. evK¨ iƒcvšÍi
21. hwZwPý
.

fvlv
 fvlv : cvwicvwk¦©KZvi mv‡_ wb‡Ri m¤úK© •Zwii Rb¨B gvbyl fvlv m„wó K‡i‡Q| mgvR I mf¨Zv
wbg©v‡Y fvlvi f~wgKv Ab¯^xKvh©| mf¨Zv m~wPZ nIqvi c~‡e© gvbyl Bkviv-Bw½‡Zi gva¨‡g g‡bi fve
cÖKvk Ki‡Zv| Kvjµ‡g wbe©vK gvbyl g‡bi ARv‡šÍB m„wó Ki‡jv aŸwb| Avi G aŸwb m„wói ga¨ w`‡qB
m~wPZ n‡jv fvlvi BwZnvm| Gici ch©vqµ‡g GB aŸwb‡K K‡i †Zvjv n‡jv A_©‡evaK| Avi Gi ga¨
w`‡qB G‡KK mgv‡R m„wó n‡jv G‡KK ai‡Yi fvlv| GiB avivevwnKZvq gvbyl GKw`b m„wó Ki‡jv
aŸwb cÖKv‡ki cÖZxK eY©| Avi G eY© m„wói gva¨‡gB m~wPZ n‡jv fvlvi †jL¨ iƒ‡ci c_ Pjv|
 fvlvi msÁv: evM&h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ D”PvwiZ †h me A_©‡evaK aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó Øviv gvbyl Zvi wb‡Ri
g‡bi fve A‡bï Kv‡Q cÖKvk K‡i Ges hv GKwU wbw`©ó fvlvfvlx Rb‡Mvôxi g‡bvfve cÖKv‡k mvnvh¨
K‡i Zv‡K fvlv e‡j|
fvlvcwÐZMY fvlv m¤ú‡K© wewfbœ gZvgZ e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| Zuviv GUv‡K msÁvwqZI K‡i‡Qb bvbvfv‡e|
GLv‡b K‡qKRb wewkó fvlvweÁvbxi fvlvmsµvšÍ msÁv¸‡jv D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv :
W. gyn¤§` knx`yjvø n& fvlvi msÁvq e‡j‡Qb, Ôgvbe RvwZ †h aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó w`‡q g‡bi fve cÖKvk
K‡i, Zvi bvg fvlv|Õ
fvlvwe` gyn¤§` Ave`yj nvB-Gi g‡Z, ÔGK GK mgv‡Ri mKj gvby‡li A_©‡evaK aŸwbi mgwó fvlv|Õ
gyn¤§` Gbvgyj nK-Gi g‡Z, Ôgvbyl Zvi g‡bi fve cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ evM&h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ Ac‡ii
†evaMg¨ †h aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó D”PviY K‡i _v‡K, †m aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó‡K fvlv ejv nq|Õ
Dch©y³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K Avgiv fvlvi K‡qKwU •ewkó¨ wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvwi| †hgb:
1. fvlv g‡bi fve cÖKvkK
2. fvlv A_©c~Y© aŸwbi gva¨‡g D”PvwiZ
3. fvlv GKwU we‡kl Rb‡Mvôx ev mgv‡Ri Rb¨ †evaMg¨|
 evsjv fvlvi DrcwË : B‡›`v-BD‡ivcxq fvlv‡Mvôx †_‡K evsjv fvlvi DrcwË| evsjv QvovI ms¯‥…Z,
j¨vwUb, wMÖK, divwm BZ¨vw` fvlv GB †Mvôxi AšÍfy©³|
 evsjv fvlvi iƒc: cÖwZwU fvlvi g‡Zv evsjv fvlviI `yÕwU cÖavb iƒc i‡q‡Q| h_v Ñ
1. †jL¨ iƒc
2. K_¨ iƒc|
 †jL¨ iƒc‡K `ywU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| †hgb Ñ
1. mvay
2. PwjZ|
 K_¨fvlvi iƒcI `ycÖKvi| h_v Ñ
1. AvÂwjK
2. PwjZ|

e¨vKiY
 evsjv e¨vKi‡Yi DrcwË I weKv‡ki BwZnvm: evsjv fvlvq e¨vKi‡Yi PP©v †ewk w`‡bi bq, BD‡ivcxq
ewYK m¤cÖ`vq I wgkbvwiiv L„÷vb ag© cÖPvi Ges eëmvq cÖwZôv jv‡fi cÖ‡qvR‡b evsjv fvlv wkÿvi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abyfe K‡i| GB we‡`wkivB cÖ_g evsjv fvlvi wjwLZ e¨vKi‡Yi c_ cÖ`k©K|
1. 1743 mv‡j cÖ_g evsjv fvlvi e¨vKiY MÖš  iPbv K‡ib g‡bvGj `¨v Avmmy¤úmuvD ; hv cZz©wMR fvlvq
iwPZ|
2. Bs‡iwR fvlvq cÖ_g evsjv e¨vKiY MÖš  iPbv K‡ib 1778 mv‡j b¨v_vwb‡qj eªvwm n¨vj‡nW (Gb we n¨vj†nW)|
3. 1833 mv‡j evsjv fvlvq cÖ_g evsjv e¨vKiY MÖš  iPbv K‡ib ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq|
cieZx©Kv‡j W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq, W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn, W. myKzgvi †mb, W. Gbvgyj nK cÖgyL
evsjv e¨vKiY MÖš  iPbv K‡i evsjv fvlvi kªxe„w× K‡i‡Qb|
 e¨vKi‡Yi Av‡jvP¨ welq :
cÖ‡Z¨K fvlviB PviwU †g․wjK Dcv`vb _v‡K| G¸‡jv n‡”Q Ñ aŸwb (sound), kã (Word), evK¨
(Sentence) I A_© (Meaning) cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvi e¨vKi‡YB G welq¸‡jv Av‡jvwPZ nq| Avi Gi Ici
wfwË K‡iB e¨vKi‡Yi Av‡jvP¨ welq‡K †gvU PviwU fv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_v Ñ
1. aŸwbZË¡ (Phonology) : aŸwbi ¯îƒc, aŸwbi cÖKvi‡f`, aŸwbi D”PviY cÖYvwj, aŸwbi D”Pvi‡Yi ¯ vb,
aŸwbi cÖZxK ev e‡Y©i web¨vm, aŸwbi ms‡hvM ev mwÜ, aŸwb cwieZ©b I †jvc, l-Z¡ weavb, Y-Z¡ weavb
BZ¨vw`|
2. kãZË¡ ev iƒcZË¡ (Morphology) : kã, k‡ãi ¯îƒc, k‡ãi MVb I cwieZ©b, k‡ãi ey¨rcwË, ePb I
wj½, wµqvg~j ev avZziƒc, wµqvi Kvj I cyiæl, mgvm, cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨q, DcmM©, cÖwZkã, wecixZ kã,
cvwifvwlK kã BZ¨vw`|
3. evK¨ZË¡ ev c`µg (Syntax) : evP¨, evK¨ MVb, ev‡Kï •ewkó¨ (evK¨w¯ Z c`mg~‡ni c`µg,
cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© I mv_©KZv), ev‡Kï †kªYxwefvM, evK¨ ms‡KvPb, evK¨ iƒcvšÍi, c`všÍi, weivg wPý
BZ¨vw`|
4. A_©ZË¡ ev evM_©ZË¡ (Semantics) : k‡ãi jÿv_©, evP¨v_©, gyL¨v_© I †M․Yv_©, kã I ev‡Kï A_© wePvi,
ev‡Kï A_©MZ cÖKvi‡f` BZ¨vw`|
K. e¨vKiY Kv‡K e‡j ? e¨vKiY cv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡jvPbv Ki|

DËi: fvlvi ï×vkyw× wbY©q I h_vh_ cÖ‡qvMixwZ we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ †h kv¯¿ eënvi Kiv nq, Zv‡KB e¨vKiY
e‡j| ey¨rcwËMZfv‡e Ôe¨vKiYÕ k‡ãi A_© we‡klfv‡e we‡kølY (we+Av+K…+Ab)| W.mybxwZKzgvi
P‡Ævcva¨vqÑGi g‡Z, Ô†h kv¯¿ w`‡q †KvbI fvlv‡K we‡kølY K‡i Zvi ¯îƒc, cÖK…wZ I cÖ‡qvM ixwZ
we‡klfv‡e wbY©q Kiv hvq, Zv‡K e¨vKiY e‡j|Õ
e¨vKiY cv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : fvlv ï×iƒ‡c Rvbv I eënvi Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvfvlx Rb‡MvôxiB
e¨vKiY cvV Kiv Acwinvh©| wb‡P e¨vKiY cv‡Vi ¸iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj:

1. fvlvi ¯îƒc I cÖK…wZ Rvbvi Rb¨ : fvlv w`‡q g‡bi fve‡K mwVKfv‡e cÖKvk Ki‡Z n‡j e¨vKiY
cv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q| KviY, e¨vKiY fvlvi ¯îƒc ev cÖK…wZ wePviÑwe‡kølY K‡i fyjÎæwU wbY©qc~e©K
fvlv‡K ky×iƒ‡c eënvi Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
2. mwVK D”PviY I evbvb †kLvi Rb¨: fvlv‡K wjwLZ iƒc †`qvi Rb¨ †hgb e‡Y©i cÖ‡qvRb; †Zgwb
D”Pvi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb aŸwbi| GB eY© I aŸwb¸‡jv mwVK D”PviY I ¯ vcb e¨vKi‡Yi Av‡jvP¨
welq| evsjv fvlvq wZbwU ÔmÕ aŸwb i‡q‡Q| `ywU ÔbÕ aŸwb i‡q‡Q| GQvovI B, C, D, E Ges hy³eY©
i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jvi D”PviY cv_©K¨ I eënvi wewa e¨vKiY cv‡V Rvbv hvq|
3. k‡ãi eënvi MVb I A_© wbY©q Gi Rb¨: k‡ãi A_© wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ Ges bZzb kã MV‡bi †ÿ‡Î
e¨vKi‡Yi Ávb _vKv Avek¨K| kã MV‡bi Rb¨ DcmM©, cÖZ¨q, mwÜ I mgvm m¤ú‡K© e¨vKiY †_‡K
Ávb jvf Kiv hvq|
4. evK¨MVb I fve cÖKv‡ki Rb¨: ïay k‡ãi †ÿ‡Î bq; evK¨ MVb I ev‡Kï A_© cÖKv‡ki †ÿ‡ÎI
e¨vKi‡Yi Ávb _vKv Riywi| GQvov, ev‡Kï evP¨v_© I jÿ¨v_© wbY©‡qi R‡bÏ e¨vKi‡Yi Ávb _vKv
cÖ‡qvRb|
5. Q›` I AjsKv‡ii Áv‡bi Rb¨: gvbyl KweZvi gva¨‡gI g‡biÑfve cÖKvk K‡i | Avi KweZv I Mv‡bi
Acwinvh© Ask Q‡›ì cwiïw× I ÎæwUÑwePz¨wZ e¨vKiY wb‡`©k K‡i | GQvov fvlvq AjsKvi cÖ‡qvMI
e¨vKi‡Yi Av‡jvP¨ welq|
6. mvwn‡Zï †`vl¸Y m¤ú‡K© Ávb jvf: mvwn‡Zï QvÎ‡ì Rb¨ e¨vKiY cv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Acwimxg|
mvwn‡Zï †`vl¸Y ÎæwU wbY©‡qi Rb¨ e¨vKi‡Yi Ávb _vKv Riæwi|
L. Ôfvlvi Af¨šÍixY k„•Ljv Avwe®‥v‡ii bvgB e¨vKiYÕ Ñ Av‡jvPbv Ki|

DËi : e¨vKiY n‡”Q fvlvi Af¨šÍixY k„•Ljv welqK Ávb ev we`¨v| Ôe¨vKiYÕ kãwUi ey¨rcwËMZ A_© n‡”Q
we‡klfv‡e we‡kølY (we+ Av+K…+Ab)| W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨v‡qi (1890-1977) g‡Z Ô†h kv‡¯¿i
gva¨‡g fvlv‡K we‡kølY K‡i Zvi ¯î~c, cÖK…wZ I cÖ‡qvM bxwZ we‡klfv‡e wbY©q Kiv hvq Zv‡K e¨vKiY
e‡j|Õ e¨vKiY‡K GK A‡_© fvlvi msweavb ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| msweav‡b †hgb ivóª cwiPvjbvi AvBb-Kvbyb
†jLv _v‡K †Zgwb e¨vKi‡YI fvlv eënv‡ii wbqg-Kvbyb ev wewa-weavb †jLv _v‡K| Z‡e e¨vKi‡Yi Ici
wfwË K‡i KL‡bv †Kv‡bv fvlvi m„wó nqwb; eis fvlv‡K Aej¤^b K‡iB e¨vKi‡Yi m„wó n‡q‡Q| e¨vKiY
†Kv‡bv bZzb m„wó bq; eis GwU GK ai‡Yi Avwe®‥vi| e¨vKi‡Yi c~‡e© gvby‡li fve cÖKv‡ki gva¨g wn‡m‡e
m„wó nIqv fvlvi g‡a¨ †hme wbqg-bxwZ wQj Zv‡K Avwe®‥vi I aviY K‡iB e¨vKi‡Yi DrcwË Ges weKvk
N‡U‡Q| Gi d‡j fvlvi ¯^KxqZv m„wó I †m․›`h© e„w×i cvkvcvwk GK ai‡Yi k„•LjvI •Zwi n‡q‡Q|
Gfv‡eB fvlvi Af¨šÍixY k„•Ljv Avwe®‥vi I Zv msiÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g e¨vKiY Zvi Kvh©Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
Avi G Rb¨B ejv nq, Ôfvlvi Af¨šÍixY k„•Ljv Avwe®‥v‡ii bvgB e¨vKiY|Õ

aŸwb cwiPq
 aŸwb : gvby‡li evMhš¿ Z_v KÚbvjx, gyLweei, wRnev, Avj wRnŸv, †Kvgj Zvjy, k³ Zvjy, `vuZ, gvwo,
†VuvU, †Pvqvj BZ¨vwì mvnv‡h¨ D”PvwiZ AvIqvR‡K aŸwb e‡j|
 aŸwbi cÖKvi‡f` : D”Pvi‡Yi •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx aŸwb‡K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| †hgb :
1. ¯îaŸwb I
2. e¨ÄbaŸwb|
 ¯îaŸwb : †hme aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq dymdzmZvwoZ evZvm evMh‡š¿i †Kv_vI evavcÖvß nq bv,
Zv‡ì ¯îaŸwb e‡j| evsjvfvlvq ¯îaŸwbi msL¨v 11 wU| h_v Ñ
A, Av, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J|
 e¨ÄbaŸwb : †hme aŸwb D”Pvi‡Yi mgq dzmdzmZvwoZ evZvm evMh‡š¿i †Kv_vI bv †Kv_vI
evavcÖvß nq ev Nl©Y jv‡M Zv‡ì e¨ÄbaŸwb e‡j| †hgb : K, L, M, N BZ¨vw`| evsjvfvlvq
e¨ÄbaŸwbi msL¨v 39 wU| h_v Ñ
K, L, M, N, O P, Q, R, S, T U, V, W, X, Y
Z, _, `, a, b c, d, e, f, g h, i, j
k, l, m, n o, p, q, r s, t, u
 ¯îaŸwbi cÖKvi‡f` : D”PviYKv‡ji e¨vwß Abyhvqx ¯îaŸwbmg~n‡K `yBfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| †hgb :
1. n«¯^¯i^ : A, B, D|
2. `xN©¯î : Av, C, E, G, H, I, J|
 e¨ÄbaŸwbi cÖKvi‡f` : D”PviY ¯ vb Abyhvqx e¨ÄbaŸwbi cÖKvi‡f` wbæiƒc :
KÉ¨ aŸwb Ñ K, L, M, N, O ( K eMx©q eY©)
Zvje¨ aŸwb Ñ P, Q, R, S, T ( P eMx©q eY©)
g~a©b¨ aŸwb Ñ U, V, W, X, Y ( U eMx©q eY©)
`šÍ¨ aŸwb Ñ Z, _, `, a, b ( Z eMx©q eY©)
Iô¨ aŸwb Ñ c, d, e, f, g ( c eMx©q eY©)
AšÍt¯  aŸwb Ñ h, i, j
D®§ aŸwb Ñ k, l, m, n
ZvobRvZ aŸwb Ñ o, p
civkªqx aŸwb Ñ s, t, u|
G QvovI e¨ÄbaŸwbi AviI wKQz †kªwYwefvM n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb : bvwmK¨ aŸwb, cvwk¦©K aŸwb, K¤úbRvZ
aŸwb, ¯ú„ó aŸwb BZ¨vw`|
 D”PviY •ewkó¨ Abyhvqx e¨ÄbeY©‡K Avevi Pvifv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_v Ñ
A‡Nvl aŸwb : e‡M©i 1g I 2q eY© ( K, L, P, Q, U, V, Z, _, c, d)|
†Nvl aŸwb : e‡M©i 3q I 4_© eY© ( M, N, R, S, W, X, `, a, e, f)|
AícÖvY aŸwb : e‡M©i 1g I 3q eY© ( K, M, P, R, U, W, Z, `, c, e)|
gnvcÖvY aŸwb : e‡M©i 2q I 4_© eY© ( L, N, Q, S, V, X, _, a, d, f)|

 hy³eY© (hy³e¨Äb)
`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK eY© GK‡Î hy³ n‡j Zv‡K hy³eY© e‡j| Ôhy³Õ k‡ãi A_©Ñ†hvM| evsjv fvlvq
e¨Äbe‡Y©i †ÿ‡ÎB hy³e‡Y©i G eënvi jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| GKwU e¨Äbe‡Y©i mv‡_ Aci GKwU e¨ÄbeY©
hy³ n‡q †h bZzb eY©wU •Zwi nq Zv‡K GK K_vq hy³eY© ev hy³e¨Äb e‡j| †hgb : ÔKÕ I ÔlÕ `ywU
e¨ÄbeY©| G eY© `y‡Uvi ms‡hv‡M ÔÿÕ (wLI) hy³e¨Äb MwVZ n‡q‡Q| hy³e¨Äb e‡Y©i gv‡S †Kv‡bv
¯îeY© _v‡K bv| e‡Y©i mv‡_ eY© hy³ n‡j Zv‡ì AvK„wZi cwieZ©b N‡U| evsjv fvlvq hy³e‡Y©i msL¨v
A‡bK| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wb‡Pi hy³eY©¸‡jvi eënviB †ewk †`Lv hvq|
hy³eY© MVb MwVZ kã ß c+Z myß, jyß, ¸ß

³ K+Z gy³, k³, i³ ä e+a jä, Dcjwä
° K+K A°v, av°v, g°v æ g+b wbæ
K¡ K+e K¡vix ¤§ g+g Av¤§v, m¤§vb
ÿ K+l Aÿq, e„ÿ, iÿv ò l+Y K…ò, Dò
Mœ M+b AwMœ, jMœ, iæMœ ®‥ l+K ï®‥, cwi®‥vi
» M+a gy», `y», `» ¯  m+_ `yt¯ , gyL¯ 
Á R+T Ávb, weÁvb ¯‥ m+K cyi¯‥vi, wZi¯‥vi
Æ U+U †QvÆ, evÆv ¯Í m+Z g¯Í, mg¯Í
Uª U+i ( ª) UªvK, Uªv÷ þ n+g eªvþY, eªþv
Ð Y+W KvÐ, fÐ, `Ð nè n+Y Acivnè, c~e©vnè
Yœ Y+b welYœ, ý n+b ga¨vý, mvqvý
Ë Z+Z `Ë, AvqË ü/n„ n+F ü`q/n„`q,cÖüZ
Zœ Z+b hZœ, iZœ n¨ n+h (¨) evn¨, `vn¨
Z¥ Z+g AvZ¥, AvZ¥v Ø `+e D‡Øj, D‡ØM
Î Z+i QvÎ, hvÎv × `+a e×, wm×
Ì Z+_ AkÌ, DwÌZ Ä T+R MÄ, wbKzÄ
š  b+_ MÖš,  gš b Â T+P AÂj, ewÂZ
bœ b+b Abœ, mbœ¨vmx Ã T+Q evÃv, jvwÃZ
b¥ b+g Rb¥, AvRb¥ Å T+S SÅv, wbS©ÅvU

kã
K. kã Kv‡K e‡j ? DrcwË Abyhvqx kã KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx ? ÑD`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : A_©c~Y© aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó‡K kã e‡j| †hgb : gv, gvwU, AvKvk, we`¨vjq BZ¨vw`|
DrcwË Abymv‡i evsjv fvlvi kãmg~n‡K cuvP fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v Ñ
1. Zrmg kã : †h me kã ms¯‥…Z fvlv †_‡K AweK…Z Ae¯ vq evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q, †m me kã‡K
Zrmg kã e‡j| †hgb : P›`ª, m~h©, bÿÎ, ag©, Kg©, Pg©, cvÎ, QvÎ BZ¨vw`|
2. Aa©ÑZrmg kã : †h me kã ms¯‥…Z fvlv †_‡K wKQzUv weK…Z n‡q evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q, †m me
kã‡K Aa©ÑZrmg kã e‡j| †hgb : †RvQbv<†R¨vrmœv, †QivÏ<kªv×, wMbœx<M„wnYx, Kzw”QZ<KzrwmZ
BZ¨vw`|
3. Z™¢e kã: ms¯‥…Z fvlvi †h me kã ¯^vfvweK weeZ©‡bi avivq cÖvK…Z-Acåsk BZ¨vwì ga¨ w`‡q
cwiewZ©Z n‡q evsjv fvlvq ¯ vb jvf K‡i‡Q, †m me kã‡K Z™¢e kã e‡j| †hgb :
Pvgvi (Pvgvi<P¤§Avi<Pg©Kvi), nvZ (nvZ<nÌ<n¯Í), Puv` (Puv`<P›`<P›`ª) BZ¨vw`|
4. †`wk kã : †h me kã Avw`Kvj †_‡KB evsjv fvlvi wbR¯^ kã wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡q Avm‡Q, †m me
kã‡K †`wk kã e‡j| †hgbÑ Kzjv, †XuwK, SuvUv, †Uvci, wWwO BZ¨vw`|
5. we‡`wk kã : ms¯‥…Z Qvov Ab¨vb¨ we‡`wk fvlv †_‡K †h me kã evsjv fvlvq G‡m‡Q, †m me kã‡K
we‡`wk kã e‡j| †hgb : Pv, wPwb, Zvjv, Pvwe, PvKz, jyw½, ¸`vg, Avjgvwi, PvKi, `v‡ivMv, bvgvh,
†ivhv, wi·v, cvDiæwU BZ¨vw`|
L. kã Kv‡K e‡j ? MVbMZfv‡e kã KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx ? ÑD`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : A_©‡evaK aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó‡K kã e‡j| †hgb : gv, gvwU, gvbyl BZ¨vw`|
MVb Abyhvqx evsjv fvlvi kãmg~n‡K `yB fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v Ñ
1. †g․wjK kã : †h me kã‡K fvO‡j ev we‡kølY Ki‡j Zvi mv‡_ A_© msMwZc~Y© Avi †Kv‡bv kã cvIqv
hvq bv, †m me kã‡K †g․wjK kã e‡j| †hgb : nvZ, cv, †`k, wmsn, gvQ BZ¨vw`|
2. mvwaZ kã : †h me kã‡K fvO‡j ev we‡kølY Ki‡j Zvi mv‡_ A_© msMwZc~Y© AviI GK ev GKvwaK
kã cvIqv hvq, †m me kã‡K mvwaZ kã e‡j| †hgb : nvZj (nvZ+j), cv‡qj (cv+Gj), †`kvšÍi
(†`k+AšÍi), wmsnvmb (wmsn+Avmb), †g‡Qv (gvQ+Dqv) BZ¨vw`| mwÜ, mgvm, cÖZ¨q, DcmM©, wØiæw³
I c`všÍimn bvbv cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g G ai‡bi kã MVb Kiv nq|
M. kã Kv‡K e‡j ? A_©MZfv‡e kã KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx ? ÑD`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : A_©‡evaK aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó‡K kã e‡j| †hgb : AvKvk, evZvm, mvMi, b`x BZ¨vw`|
A_©MZfv‡e evsjv fvlvi kãmg~n‡K wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v Ñ
1. †h․wMK kã : cÖZ¨q ev DcmM© †hv‡M MwVZ †h me kã Zvi g~j ev cÖK…wZ Abyhvqx A_© cÖKvk K‡i, †m
me kã‡K †h․wMK kã e‡j| †hgb : cvwÿK (cÿ+BK), `jxq (`j+Cq), †g‡Qv (gvQ+Dqv)
BZ¨vw`|
2. iƒp ev iƒwp kã : cÖZ¨q ev DcmM© †hv‡M MwVZ †hme kã Zvi g~j ev cÖK…wZ Abyhvqx A_© cÖKvk bv
K‡i wfbœ †Kv‡bv A_© cÖKvk K‡i, †mme kã‡K iƒp ev iƒwp kã e‡j| †hgb :
n¯Íx (n¯Í+Bb&) = ïuowewkó AwZKvq wbivwglvkx Rš‧we‡kl
euvwk (euvk+B) = duy w`‡q evRvevi ev`¨hš¿we‡kl
•Zj (wZj+A) = wZj, mwilv, bvi‡Kj cÖf„wZi wbh©vm

cvÄvwe (cvÄve+B) = wX‡j j¤^v Sz‡ji Rvgvwe‡kl|
m‡›`k (mg&+√w`k+A) = Qvbv w`‡q •Zwi ïK‡bv wgVvBwe‡kl
Mevÿ (†Mv+Awÿ) = Rvbvjv BZ¨vw`|
mZK©Zv : M‡elYv [√M‡el&(A‡š^lY Kiv)+Ab+Av] kãwU wewfbœ eB‡q iƒwp k‡ãi `„óvšÍ wn‡m‡e †`qv
Av‡Q| A_P †h․wMK k‡ãi msÁv Ges G kãwUi cÖK…wZ I A_© Abyhvqx GwU †h․wMK kã nIqvi K_v|
ZvB iƒp k‡ãi D`vniY wn‡m‡e GB kãwU cwinvi Kiv DwPZ|
3. †hvMiƒp kã : mgvm wb®úbœ †h me kã Zvi mgm¨gvb c`mg~‡ni m¤ú~Y© AbyMvgx bv n‡q wewkó †Kv‡bv
A_© cÖKvk K‡i, †m me kã‡K †hvMiƒp kã e‡j| †hgb : c¼R (c‡¼ Rb¥MÖnYKvix‡ì g‡a¨ ïay
cÙdzj), AbyR (Aby‡Z Rb¥MÖnYKvix‡ì g‡a¨ ïay m‡nvì fvB), Rjwa (RjaviYKvix‡ì g‡a¨ ïay
mgy`ª), gnvhvÎv(gnv mgv‡iv‡n hvÎvKvix‡ì g‡a¨ ïay g„Zz¨ c_hvÎx) BZ¨vw`|
mZK©Zv : wewfbœ eB‡q ivRcyZ kãwU‡K †hvMiƒp k‡ãi `„óvšÍ wn‡m‡e †`Lv hvq| wKš‧ GwU mwVK bq|
†Kbbv, ivRcyZ (ivRcyZvbvi Awaevmx) kãwU †h‡nZz ivRvi cyZ‡ì (cyÎ‡ì) KvD‡KB eySv‡”Q bv,
†m‡nZz GwU †hvMiƒp kã bq| ZvB †hvMiƒp k‡ãi D`vniY wn‡m‡e GwU cwinvi Kiv DwPZ| ivRcy‡Zi
g~j kã wn‡m‡e ivRcyZvbv ai‡j GwU †h․wMK Ges Gi c~e©c` ivR Ges cic` cyZ (cyÎ) ai‡j GwU
iƒwp kã nIqvi K_v|
N. kã MVb ej‡Z Kx eyS ? Kx Kx Dcv‡q evsjv fvlvq kã MVb Kiv hvq, D`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : aŸwbi mv‡_ aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó hy³ n‡q †h cÖwµqvq kã MwVZ nq Zv‡KB kã MVb e‡j|
evsjv fvlvq wewfbœ Dcv‡q kã MwVZ n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb :
1. DcmM© †hv‡M : avZz ev k‡ãi c~‡e© †h me aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó hy³ n‡q bZzb kã MVb K‡i †m me aŸwb
ev aŸwbmgwó‡K DcmM© e‡j| GB DcmM©‡hv‡M evsjv fvlvq A‡bK kã MwVZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb : Awbqg
(A+wbqg), AvcÖvY (Av+cÖvY), cÖevm (cÖ+evm), m‡›`k (mg+√w`k&+A) BZ¨vw`|
2. cÖZ¨q †hv‡M : avZz ev k‡ãi ci †h me aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó hy³ n‡q bZzb kã MVb K‡i, †m me aŸwb
ev aŸwbmgwó‡K cÖZ¨q e‡j| GB cÖZ¨q‡hv‡M evsjv fvlvq A‡bK kã MwVZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb : N‡ivqv
(Ni+Dqv), co–qv (co&+Dqv), XvKvB (XvKv+AvB), †M‡Qv (MvQ+Dqv) BZ¨vw`|
3. mwÜi gva¨‡g : `ywU k‡ãi cÖvwšÍK aŸwbMZ wgjb‡K mwÜ e‡j| GB c×wZ‡Z cvkvcvwk Aew¯ Z `ywU
k‡ãi GKwUi †klcÖvšÍ Ges AciwUi cÖ_g cÖv‡šÍi aŸwb wgwjZ n‡q mwÜi gva¨‡g evsjv fvlvq A‡bK
kã MwVZ nq| †hgb : we`¨vjq (we`¨v+Avjq), ï‡f”Qv (ïf+B”Qv), ivRwl© (ivRv+Fwl), bvweK
(†b․+BK), MvqK (•M+AK) BZ¨vw`|
4. mgv‡mi gva¨‡g : ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c‡ì GK c‡` cwiYZ nIqv‡K mgvm e‡j| GB
mgv‡mi gva¨‡g evsjv fvlvq A‡bK kã MwVZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb : Rbgvbe (Rb I gvbe), wÎdjv (wÎ
d‡ji mgvnvi), `kvbb (`k Avbb Av‡Q hvi), †`kvšÍi (Ab¨ †`k), bxjvKvk (bxj †h AvKvk)
BZ¨vw`|
5. wØiæw³i gva¨‡g : GKB kã‡K ci ci `yevi eënvi K‡i †Kv‡bv bZzb kã MVb Kiv n‡j Zv‡K
wØiæw³ e‡j| GB wØiæw³i gva¨‡g evsjv fvlvq †ek wKQz kã MwVZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb : ci ci, wbR
wbR, †`‡k †`‡k, VK VK, UK UK, kxZ kxZ BZ¨vw`|
6. c`všÍ‡ii gva¨‡g : GK c`‡K Ab¨ c‡` iƒcvšÍi Kivi bvgB c`všÍi| GB c`všÍ‡ii gva¨‡gI evsjv
fvlvq A‡bK kã MwVZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb : †j․wKK (†jvK), †`kxq (†`k), N‡ivqv (Ni), gvbweK
(gvbe), `jxq (`j), †g‡Qv (gvQ), gvbwmK (gb) BZ¨vw`|

evK¨
K. evK¨ Kv‡K e‡j? GKwU mv_©K ev‡Kï KqwU ¸Y _vKv Avek¨K Ñ D`vniYmn Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : †h c` ev c` mgwó Øviv †Kv‡bv c~Y© g‡bvfve e¨³ Kiv nq, †m c` ev c`mgwó‡KB evK¨ e‡j|
†hgb : Avgiv MZKvj wµ‡KU †Ljv †`L‡Z gv‡V wM‡qwQjvg|
GKwU mv_©K ev‡Kï wZbwU ¸Y ev •ewkó¨ _vKv Avek¨K| h_v Ñ
1. AvKv•ÿv : ev‡Kï AšÍM©Z GKwU c‡ì ci Zvi cieZ©x c` †kvbvi †h AvMÖn, Zv‡KB AvKv•ÿv e‡j|
GKwU mv_©K ev‡K¨ GB AvKv•ÿv c~iY Ki‡Z nq| †Kv‡bv ev‡K¨ GB AvKv•ÿv Ac~Y© _vK‡j Zv evK¨
wn‡m‡e mv_©K nq bv| †hgb : ÔKvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Avgv‡ì ...... .......Õ DwjøwLZ As‡k ÔAvgv‡ìÕ
c`wUi ci cieZx© c` ev c`mg~n †kvbvi †h AvMÖn m„wó n‡q‡Q, GUvB AvKv•ÿv| GB AvKv•ÿv wbe„Ë
ev c~iY Kiv bv n‡j GUv evK¨ wn‡m‡e mv_©K n‡e bv| A_P G‡ÿ‡Î hw` ejv nq, ÔKvRx bRiæj
Bmjvg Avgv‡ì RvZxq Kwe|Õ Z‡e ÔKweÕ c`wUi gva¨‡g AvKv•ÿv c~Y© nIqvq GwU GKwU mv_©K ev‡K¨
cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
2. AvmwË : ev‡Kï myk„•Lj c`web¨vm‡KB AvmwË e‡j| evK¨w¯ Z c`mg~‡ni web¨vm myk„•Lj ev h_vh_ bv
n‡j Zv‡K evK¨ ejv hvq bv| †hgb : Ôwcucov my‡hvM †c‡jB wPwb Lvq|Õ DwjøwLZ ev‡K¨ c`mg~‡ni
web¨vm myk„•Lj ev h_vh_ nIqvq GwU GKwU mv_©K ev‡K¨ cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| wKš‧ GB c`mgwó‡K hw`
myk„•Ljfv‡e web¨vm bv K‡i ejv nq, ÔwPwb my‡hvM Lvq wcucov †c‡jBÕ Zvn‡j GwU Avi evK¨ n‡e bv|
ZvB GKwU mv_©K evK¨ MV‡bi †ÿ‡Î Aek¨B AvmwË ¸YwU _vK‡Z n‡e|
3. †hvM¨Zv : ev‡K¨ eëüZ c`¸‡jvi A_© I fveMZ wgj ev mvgÄm¨‡K †hvM¨Zv e‡j| †hgb :
ÔKw¤úDUvi¸‡jv cvwb‡Z muvZvi KvU‡Q|Õ evK¨wU‡Z AvKv•ÿv Ges AvmwË ¸Y iwÿZ n‡jI GwU mv_©K
evK¨ bq; †Kbbv, G‡Z eëüZ c`¸‡jvi m‡½ fv‡ei †Kv‡bv mv`„k¨ †bB| wKš‧ Gi cwi‡e‡Z© GLv‡b
hw` ejv nq, ÔgvQ¸‡jv cvwb‡Z muvZvi KvU‡Q|Õ Zvn‡j GwU †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ GKwU mv_©K evK¨ n‡q
IV‡e|
 evbvb mZK©Zv
 AvKv•ÿv (AvKvOLv bq).
 AvmwË (Avmw³ bq).
 mv_©K (¯^v_©K bq).
L. evK¨ Kv‡K e‡j? MVb Abymv‡i evK¨ KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx? D`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : †h c` ev c` mgwó Øviv †Kv‡bv e³vi c~Y© g‡bvfve e¨³ Kiv hvq, †m c` ev c`mgwó‡KB
evK¨ e‡j| †hgb : AvKei AwZ Aí eq‡mB fvi‡Zi mgªvU n‡qwQ‡jb|
MVb Abymv‡i evK¨ wZb cÖKvi| h_vÑ
1. mij evK¨ : †h ev‡K¨ GKwU gvÎ D‡Ïk¨ ev KZ©v Ges GKwUgvÎ we‡aq ev mgvwcKv wµqv _v‡K, Zv‡K
mij evK¨ e‡j| †hgb : †LvKv AvR ¯‥z‡j wM‡q‡Q| GLv‡b Ô†LvKvÕ D‡Ïk¨ ev KZ©v Ges ÔwM‡q‡QÕ
we‡aq ev mgvwcKv wµqv|

2. RwUj evK¨ : †h ev‡K¨ GKwU cÖavb LÐev‡Kï m‡½ GK ev GKvwaK AvwkªZ evK¨ ci¯úi mv‡cÿfv‡e
hy³ nq; Zv‡K RwUj evK¨ e‡j| G ev‡Kï Av‡iK bvg wgkª evK¨| †hgb : †h cwikªg K‡i, †m myL
jvf K‡i| GLv‡b AvwkªZevK¨ Ô†h cwikªg K‡iÕ Ges cÖavb LÐevK¨ Ô†m myL jvf K‡i|Õ G `ywU
LÐevK¨ ci¯úi m¤úwK©Z n‡q GLv‡b GKwU ALÐ ev c~Y© evK¨ MVb K‡i‡Q| RwUj evK¨ mvaviYZ †h,
†m; hviv, Zviv; whwb, wZwb; hLb, ZLb; BZ¨vw` mv‡cÿ me©bvg Øviv hy³ _v‡K|
3. †h․wMK evK¨ : ci¯úi wbi‡cÿ `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK mij ev RwUj evK¨ hLb †Kv‡bv Ae¨q ev hwZ wPý
Øviv hy³ n‡q GKwU ALÐ ev c~Y© evK¨ MVb K‡i, ZLb Zv‡K †h․wMK evK¨ e‡j| †h․wMK ev‡Kï
AšÍM©Z evK¨¸‡jv I, Ges, wKš‧, A_ev, bZzev, A_P, wKsev, eis, Z_vwc cÖf„wZ Ae¨q Øviv mshy³
nq| †hgb : K. Zzwg hvI, Avwg AvmwQ| L.kwdK Ges wmdvZ AvR b›`b cv‡K© †eov‡Z hv‡e|
M. A_© Abyhvqx evK¨ KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx? D`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Ki|

DËi : A_© Abyhvqx evK¨‡K wewfbœ fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| Z‡e G‡K mvaviYZ mvZwU fv‡M fvM Kiv
n‡q‡Q| h_v Ñ
1. wb‡`©kvZ¥K evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv mvaviYfv‡e †Kv‡bvwKQy eY©bv ev wee„Z Kiv nq, Zv‡K wb‡`©kvZ¥K ev
wee„wZg~jK A_ev eY©bvZ¥K evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K.AvKv‡k cvwL Do‡Q|
L. XvKv evsjv‡`‡ki ivRavbx|
M. Mv‡Q Mv‡Q dzj dz‡U‡Q|
2. AbyÁvm~PK evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv †Kv‡bv cÖKvi Av‡`k, wb‡`©k, AbygwZ, Dc‡`k, Aby‡iva, wb‡la ev
Avgš¿Y cÖKvk cvq, Zv‡K AbyÁvm~PK evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. cvwLwU †`L|
L. Zzwg ZvovZvwo evwo hvI|
M. Zzwg Gevi †h‡Z cvi|
N. cÖwZw`b †fv‡i Nyg †_‡K D‡VB nvZgyL ay‡q co‡Z em‡e|
3. cÖv_©bvm~PK evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv †Kv‡bv cÖKvi AvKv•ÿv, B”Qv ev cÖv_©bv cÖKvk cvq, Zv‡K cÖv_©bvm~PK
evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. Zzwg †eu‡P _vK|
L. †n Avjøvn& ! Avgv‡K GB wec` †_‡K iÿv Ki|
M. Avwg †hb cÖwZw`bB Gfv‡e †Zvgv‡K †`L‡Z cvwi|
4. cÖkvœ Z¥K evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv mivmwi †Kv‡bvwKQz Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq, Zv‡K cÖkvœ Z¥K, cÖk‡œ evaK ev
cÖkmœ ~PK evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. Zzwg †Kv_vq hv”Q?
L. †Zvgvi bvg Kx ?
M. Zywg Kvi †Q‡j ?

5. Kvh©KviYvZ¥K evK¨: †h ev‡K¨ †Kv‡bv cÖKvi kZ©, KviY ev wbq‡gi K_v D‡jøL _v‡K, Zv‡K
Kvh©KviYvZ¥K evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. Zzwg wbqwgZ †jLvcov Ki‡j Aek¨B cvm Ki‡e|
L. m~h© DV‡jB mviv gv‡V Av‡jv Qwo‡q co‡e|
6. m‡›`n‡`¨vZK evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv †Kv‡bv cÖKvi mskq, Avk¼v, AwbðqZv ev m‡›`n cÖKvk cvq,
Zv‡K m‡›`n‡`¨vZK ev m‡›`nvZ¥K evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. Avwg Kvj GKevi †Zvgv‡ì ILv‡b †h‡Z cvwi|
L. AvMvgxKvj K‡jR eÜ _vK‡Z cv‡i|
7. we¯§qm~PK evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv †Kv‡bv cÖKvi we¯§q, †kvK, `ytL, Kó, Avb›`, †e`bv, cÖksmv ev
KiæYv cÖKvk cvq, Zv‡K we¯§qm~PK evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. evn ! Zywg †Zv Lye my›ì K‡i †m‡R‡Qv|
L. Dn& ! Kx cÖPÐ Mig|
N. fveMZ ev †evaMZfv‡e evK¨ KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx ? D`vniYmn eY©bv Ki|

DËi : fveMZ ev †evaMZfv‡e evK¨ `yB cÖKvi| h_vÑ
1. Aw¯ÍevPK evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv †Kv‡bv wKQzi Aw¯ÍZ¡ ¯^xKvi Kiv nq ev n¨vu †evaK e³e¨ cÖKvk cvq †m
evK¨‡KB Aw¯ÍevPK evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. gvbyl giYkxj|
L. wZwb KvRwU Ki‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Qb|
2. †bwZevPK evK¨ : †h evK¨ Øviv †Kv‡bv wKQzi Aw¯ÍZ¡ A¯^xKvi Kiv nq ev bv †evaK e³e¨ cÖKvk cvq,
†m evK¨‡KB †bwZevPK evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
K. gvbyl Agi bq|
L. wZwb KvRwU Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|

mgvm
 mgvm : mgvm k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© ms‡ÿc ev wgjb| Z‡e e¨vKi‡Yi cwifvlvq ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³
`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c‡ì GK c‡` cwiYZ nIqv‡K mgvm e‡j| †hgb : mßvn (mß, An), bxjvKvk (bxj,
AvKvk), †gvnwb`ªv (†gvn, wb`ªv), ivbœvNi (ivbœv, Ni) eûeªxwn (eû, eªxwn) BZ¨vw`|
 mgv‡mi cÖ‡qRbxqZv : mgvm evsjv e¨vKiY Z_v evsjv fvlvi AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GKwU Dcv`vb| mgv‡mi
AvwfavwbK A_© ms‡ÿc ev wgjb| GB A‡_©i mv‡_ msMwZ †i‡LB mgvm `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c`‡K GKwÎZ
K‡i Zvi ms‡ÿcY NUvq| GB c` ms‡ÿc‡Yi d‡j Ôwmsn wPwýZ AvmbÕ Gi cwie‡Z© ÔwmsnvmbÕ
wjL‡jB P‡j| Gfv‡e c` ms‡ÿc‡Yi d‡j ev‡Kï AvKvi †QvU n‡q Av‡m| Aí K_vq †ewk e³e¨
cÖKvk Kiv m¤¢e nq| G‡Z fve wewbgqI mnR nq| mgvm c` ms‡KvP‡bi gva¨‡g c`‡K kÖ æwZgayi I
mnR‡eva¨ Ki‡ZI we‡kl f~wgKv iv‡L| mgvm evK¨‡K RwUjZvgy³ K‡i G‡Z MwZkxjZv Av‡b|
mgv‡mi Kvi‡Y ev‡Kï kªxe„w× cvq| fvlv‡K Aj¼„Z Kivi †ÿ‡ÎI mgv‡mi Amvgvb¨ f~wgKv i‡q‡Q|
m‡e©vcwi bZyb bZyb kã MVb K‡i evsjv fvlvi kã fvÐvi‡K mg„× Kivi †ÿ‡Î mgvm AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| Gme w`K we‡ePbv K‡i ejv hvq, mgvm evsjv e¨vKiY Z_v evsjv fvlvi GKwU
Acwinvh© Dcv`vb|
 D`vniYmn msÁv : mg¯Íc`, mgm¨gvbc`, c~e©c`, cic`, Dcgvb c`, Dc‡gq c`, e¨vmevK¨|
 mg¯Íc` : `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c‡ì wgj‡b †h bZzb c` MwVZ nq, †mB c`‡K mg¯Íc` e‡j| †hgb:
DcjLÐ, be‡h․eb, Rbgvbe, †gvnwb`ªv, AbvwkªZ BZ¨vw`|
 mgm¨gvbc` : †hme c‡ì wgj‡b mg¯Íc` MwVZ nq, †mme c‡ì cÖ‡Z¨KwU‡KB c„_Kfv‡e
mgm¨gvbc` e‡j| †hgb : Dcj/ LÐ (DcjLÐ), be / †h․eb (be‡h․eb), Rb / gvbe (Rbgvbe),
†gvn / wb`ªv (†gvnwb`ªv), bq / AvwkªZ (AbvwkªZ) BZ¨vw`|
 c~e©c` : mg¯Íc‡ì cÖ_g c`‡K c~e©c` e‡j| †hgb : Dcj (DcjLÐ), be (be‡h․eb), Rb
(Rbgvbe), †gvn (†gvnwb`ªv), bq (AbvwkªZ) BZ¨vw`|
 cic` : mg¯Íc‡ì †kl c`‡K cic` ev DËic` e‡j| †hgb : LÐ (DcjLÐ), †h․eb (be‡h․eb),
gvbe (Rbgvbe), wb`ªv (†gvnwb`ªv), AvwkªZ (AbvwkªZ) BZ¨vw`|
 Dcgvb c` : †h c‡ì mv‡_ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv c‡ì Zzjbv Kiv nq Zv‡K Dcgvb c` e‡j| †hgb : Puv`
(Puv`gyL), Ij (IjKwc), wmsn (wmsncyiæl) BZ¨vw`| Dcgvb c` mvavibZ c‡ivÿ c` iƒ‡c we‡ewPZ
nq|
 Dc‡gq c` : †h c`‡K Ab¨ †Kv‡bv c‡ì mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv nq Zv‡K Dc‡gq c` e‡j| †hgb :
†hgb : gyL (Puv`gyL), Kwc (IjKwc), cyiæl (wmsncyiæl) BZ¨vw`| Dc‡gq c` mvavibZ cªZ¨ÿ c`
iƒ‡c we‡ewPZ nq|
 e¨vmevK¨ : mgm¨gvb c`mg~‡ni cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© wba©viY Ki‡Z wKsev mg¯Íc`‡K e¨vL¨v ev
we‡kølY Kivi Rb¨ †h evK¨ ev evK¨vsk eënvi Kiv nq, Zv‡K e¨vmevK¨ ev weMÖn evK¨ e‡j| †hgb :
be †h †h․eb (be‡h․eb), Dc‡ji LÐ (DcjLÐ), Rb I gvbe (Rbgvbe), †gvn iƒc wb`ªv (†gvnwb`ªv),
bq AvwkªZ (AbvwkªZ) BZ¨vw`|

 mgv‡mi cÖKvi‡f` : mgvm mvaviYZ Qq cÖKvi| h_vÑ
1. Ø›Ø mgvm : cÖwZwU mgm¨gvb c‡ì A_© cÖvavb¨ eRvq †i‡L mgwefw³wewkó `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c‡ì
wgj‡b †h mgvm nq, Zv‡K Ø›Ø mgvm e‡j| †hgb Ñ Rbgvbe, MvQcvjv, AvRKvj BZ¨vw`|
2. wØ¸ mgvm : cic‡ì A_© cÖvavb¨ cÖwZôv K‡i mgvnvi ev wgjb A‡_© msL¨vevPK k‡ãi mv‡_ we‡kl¨
c‡ì wgj‡b †h mgvm nq, Zv‡K wØ¸ mgvm e‡j| †hgb : †P․iv¯Ív, AóavZy, cÂb`, mßvn BZ¨vw`|
3. Kg©aviq mgvm : cic‡ì A_© cÖvavb¨ cÖwZôv K‡i we‡klY ev we‡klY fvevcbœ c‡ì mv‡_ we‡kl¨ ev
we‡kl¨ fvevcbœ c‡ì wgj‡b †h mgvm nq, Zv‡K Kg©aviq mgvm e‡j| †hgb : bxjvKvk, ivRwl©,
IjKwc, gbgvwS BZ¨vw`|
4. Zrcyiæl mgvm : cic‡ì A_© cÖvavb¨ cÖwZôv K‡i Ges e¨vmev‡K¨ c~e©c‡ì mv‡_ mshy³ wØZxqvw`
(2qvÑ7gx) wefw³ jyß n‡q †h mgvm MwVZ nq, Zv‡K Zrcyiæl mgvm e‡j| †hgb : ivbœvNi, †gNjyß,
ivR`Ð, MvQcvKv BZ¨vw`|
5. Ae¨qxfve mgvm : c~e©c‡` Ae¨q †hv‡M Ges Ae¨‡qiB A_© cÖvavb¨ cªwZôv K‡i †h mgvm MwVZ nq,
Zv‡K Ae¨qxfve mgvm e‡j| †hgb : nvfvZ, †envqv, D‡Øj, Dc‡Rjv, Dceb BZ¨vw`|
6. eûeªxwn mgvm : †h mgv‡mi mg¯Íc` Øviv mgm¨gvb c`mg~‡ni †Kv‡bvwUi A_© bv eywS‡q wfbœ †Kv‡bv
A_© cÖKvk K‡i, Zv‡K eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j| †hgb : eûeªxwn, nvmvnvwm, `kvbb, exYvcvwY BZ¨vw`|
D‡jøL¨, e¨vKi‡Yi RbK wn‡m‡e L¨vZ ÔcvwYwbÕ wØ¸ I Kg©aviq mgvm‡K Zrcyiæl mgv‡mi AšÍf©y³ a‡i
mgvm‡K †gvU Pvi fv‡M wef³ K‡i‡Qb| G‡ÿ‡Î wØ¸, Kg©aviq I Zrcyiæl‡K cic‡ì A_©cÖavb
mgvm, Ae¨qxfve‡K c~e©c‡ì A_©cÖavb mgvm, Ø›Ø‡K Dfq c‡ì A_©cÖavb mgvm Ges eûeªxwn‡K
Z…Zxq c‡ì A_©cÖavb mgvm wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Aciw`‡K cwðge‡½i cÖL¨vZ fvlvwe` W.
mybxwZ Kzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq mgvm‡K wef³ K‡i‡Qb wZb fv‡M| Zuvi g‡Z mgv‡mi GB wZbwU wefvM
n‡jvÑ
GK. ms‡hvMg~jK mgvm (Ø›Ø)
`yB. eY©bvg~jK mgvm (eûeªxwn) Ges
wZb. e¨vL¨vg~jK mgvm (wØ¸, Kg©aviq, Zrcyiæl I Ae¨qxfve)|
Z‡e Gm‡ei g‡a¨ cÖ_‡gv³ wefvRbwUB (Qq fvM) Avgv‡ì cvV¨wel‡q AšÍf©y³ n‡q‡Q|
 D`vniYmn msÁv : AjyK Ø›Ø, AjyK Zrcyiæl, AjyK eûeªxwn|
AjyK Ø›Ø : †h Ø›Ø mgv‡mi mgm¨gvb c`mg~‡ni wØZxqvw` wefw³ jyß nq bv, Zv‡KB AjyK Ø›Ø e‡j|
†hgb : R‡j¯ ‡j, MÖv‡gM‡Ä, kn‡ie›`‡i BZ¨vw`|
AjyK Zrcyiæl : mvaviYZ c~e©c‡ì wØZxqvw` wefw³ jyß n‡q Zrcyiæl mgvm MwVZ n‡jI †Kvb †Kvb
Zrcyiæl mgv‡m GB wefw³ jyß nq bv| mg¯Íc‡` GB wefw³ jyß bv n‡q †h Zrcyiæl mgvm MwVZ nq,
Zv‡KB AjyK Zrcyiæl e‡j| †hgb : wN‡qfvRv, K‡jiMvb, K‡jQuvUv BZ¨vw`|
AjyK eûeªxwn : †h eûeªxwn mgv‡mi mg¯Íc‡` wØZxqvw` wefw³ jyß nq bv, Zv‡KB AjyK eûeªxwn e‡j|
†hgb: Mv‡qcov, gv_vqcvMwo, MjvqMvgQv BZ¨vw`|
 D`vniYmn msÁv : bT& Zrcyiæl, bT& eûeªxwn|
bT& Zrcyiæl : c~e©c‡` bT& Ae¨q (bv †evaK Ae¨q) †hvM K‡i †h Zrcyiæl mgvm MwVZ nq, Zv‡K
bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm e‡j| †hgb : Amyi, AKvZi, A‡K‡Rv BZ¨vw`|
bT& eûeªxwn : c~e©c‡` bT& Ae¨q (bv †evaK Ae¨q) Ges cic‡` we‡kl¨ wg‡j †h eûeªxwn mgvm MwVZ
nq, Zv‡K bT& eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j| †hgb : AÁvb, wb‡e©va, †eûuk BZ¨vw`|

 D`vniYmn msÁv : Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm, wbZ¨ mgvm, cÖvw` mgvm|
Dcc` Zrcyiæl : K…`šÍ c‡ì c~e©eZ©x c`‡KB ejv nq Dcc`| GB Dcc‡ì mv‡_ K…`šÍc‡ì wgj‡b
†h mgvm nq, Zv‡KB Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm e‡j| †hgb : c¼R, RjR, c‡KUgvi BZ¨vw`|
wbZ¨ mgvm : †h mgv‡mi mgm¨gvb c`¸‡jv mgv_©K k‡ãi mnvqZvq memgq GK‡Î Ae¯ vb K‡i Ges
hvi mg¯Íc`‡K we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv c‡ì cÖ‡qvRb nq bv, Zv‡KB wbZ¨ mgvm e‡j|
†hgb : MÖvgvšÍi, †`kvšÍi, KvjvšÍi, `k©bgvÎ BZ¨vw`|
cÖvw` mgvm : c~e©c‡` cÖvw` DcmM© (cÖ, cwi, Aby BZ¨vw`) †hv‡M †h Zrcyiæl mgvm MwVZ nq, Zv‡K cÖvw`
mgvm e‡j| †hgb : cÖePb, cÖfvZ, cÖfve, cÖMwZ, cwiågY, cwiµgY, AbyZvc BZ¨vw`|
 D`vniYmn msÁv : e¨waKiY eûeªxwn, e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn, ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn|
e¨waKiY eûeªxwn : †h eûeªxwn mgv‡mi c~e© ev cic‡ì †Kv‡bvwUB we‡klY bq, wKsev cic` we‡klY
n‡jI Zv hw` wµqvvPK ev K…`šÍ we‡klY nq, Z‡e †mB eûeªxwn mgvm‡K e¨waKiY eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j|
†hgb : Avkxwel, KvbKvUv, cvPvUv BZ¨vw`|
e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn : eûeªxwn mgv‡mi †h mg¯Í c` Øviv ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ GKB ai‡bi KvR eySvq, Zv‡K
e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j| †hgb : nvZvnvwZ, KvbvKvwb, MjvMwj BZ¨vw`|
ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn : e¨vmev‡K¨ eën„Z evK¨vs‡ki †Kv‡bv Askwe‡kl jyß n‡q †h eûeªxwn mgvm MwVZ
nq, Zv‡K ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn mgvm e‡j| †hgb : nv‡ZLwo, Mv‡qnjy`, weovjvÿx BZ¨vw`|
 D`vniYmn msÁv : ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq, Dcgvb Kg©aviq, DcwgZ Kg©aviq, iƒcK Kg©aviq|
ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq : e¨vmev‡K¨ eën„Z evK¨vs‡ki gaëZ©x c`mg~n jyß n‡q †h Kg©aviq mgvm
MwVZ nq, Zv‡K ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm e‡j| †hgb : PvjKzgov, wmsnvmb, cjvbœ BZ¨vw`|
Dcgvb Kg©aviq : Dc‡gq c‡ì D‡jøL bv K‡i mvaviY ¸Y ev ag©evPK c‡ì mv‡_ Dcgvb c‡ì
wgj‡b †h mgvm nq, Zv‡K Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgvm e‡j| GB mgv‡mi mg¯Íc` I e¨vmev‡K¨ Dcgvb
c`wU mvaviYZ c~‡e© e‡m| †hgb : ågiK…ò (åg‡ii b¨vq K…ò), Zzlviïå (Zzlv‡ii b¨vq ïå),
Kzmyg‡Kvgj (Kzmy‡gi b¨vq †Kvgj), AiæYivOv (Aiæ‡Yi b¨vq ivOv), wgkKv‡jv (wgwki b¨vq Kv‡jv),
wmu`yiivOv (wmu`y‡ii b¨vq ivOv) BZ¨vw`|
DcwgZ Kg©aviq : mvaviY ¸Y ev ag©evPK c` D‡jøL bv K‡i Dc‡gq c‡ì mv‡_ Dcgvb c‡ì wgj‡b
†h mgvm nq, Zv‡K DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm e‡j| GB mgv‡mi mg¯Íc‡` Dc‡gq c`wU Av‡M ev c‡i
em‡jI e¨vmev‡K¨ Zv c~‡e© e‡m| †hgb : IjKwc (Kwc I‡ji b¨vq), Kicjøøe (Ki cjø‡ei b¨vq),
evûjZv (evû jZvi b¨vq), Puv`gyL (gyL Puv‡ì b¨vq), wmsncyiæl (cyiæl wms‡ni b¨vq) BZ¨vw`|
iƒcK Kg©aviq : Dc‡gq c‡ì mv‡_ Dcgvb c‡ì AwfbœZv Kíbv K‡i †h mgvm MwVZ nq, Zv‡K iƒcK
Kg©aviq mgvm e‡j| D‡jøL¨, Dfq c‡ì GB AwfbœZv ev¯Íe g‡b n‡jI Zv ev¯Íe bq, ïayB Kíbv|
†hgb: gbgvwS, †µvavbj, cÖvYcvwL BZ¨vw`|
 Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgv‡mi e¨vmev‡K¨ Dcgvb c`wU mvaviYZ c~‡e© Ges b¨vq kãwU g‡a¨ e‡m |
 DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgv‡mi e¨vmev‡K¨ Dc‡gq c`wU mvaviYZ c~‡e© Ges b¨vq kãwU †k‡l e‡m|
 1wU e¯‧ (we‡kl¨) + 1wU ¸Y/ ag©/ •ewkó¨ (we‡klY) = Dcgvb Kg©aviq | [Ab¨ c‡ì gyLv‡cÿx]
 1wU e¯‧ (we‡kl¨) + 1wU e¯‧ (we‡kl¨) = DcwgZ Kg©aviq | [¯^qsm¤ú~Y©]

 e¨vmevK¨mn mgvm wbY©q
µwgK mg¯Íc` e¨vmevK¨ mgv‡mi bvg

1. AKvZi bq KvZi bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
2. AKvjcK¡ AKv‡j cK¡ 7gx Zrcyiæl mgvm
3. A‡K‡Rv bq †K‡Rv / Kg©ÿg bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
4. AÿZ bq ÿZ bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
5. AMœy¨rcvZ AwMœi DrcvZ 6ôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
6. AMÖR A‡MÖ R‡b¥ †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
7. A½ywjm‡¼Z A½ywj Øviv m‡¼Z Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
8. AÁvb b (†bB) Ávb hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
9. AwZgvÎ gvÎv‡K AwZµvšÍ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
10. AwZw_mrKvi AwZw_i mrKvi lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
11. AZ¨vPviÑAwePvi AZ¨vPvi I AwePvi Ø›Ø mgvm
12. Abm~qv †bB Am~qv hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
13. AbwZe„nr bq AwZ e„nr bT&& Zrcyiæl mgvm
14. AbœwPšÍv Abœ †hvMv‡oi wPšÍv ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
15. AbšÍ †h․ebv AbšÍ †h․eb hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
16. AbvPvi bq AvPvi bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
17. Abvì b Avì bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
18. AbvwkªZ bq AvwkªZ bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
19. AbyMgb Aby‡Z / cðv‡Z Mgb Ae¨qxfve mgvm
20. AbyZvc Aby‡Z †h Zvc cÖvw` mgvm
21. A‡bK bq GK bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
22. AšÍØ©›Ø AšÍ‡ii Ø›Ø 6ôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
23. AeyS †bB eyS hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
24. Afve b fve bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
25. Awek¦vm¨ bq wek¦vm¨ bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
26. Agvbyl bq gvbyl bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
27. AícÖvY Aí cÖvY hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
28. AmZ¨ bq mZ¨ bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm

29. Amyi bq myi bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
30. AóavZy Aó avZzi mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
31. Aw¯ i bq w¯ i bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
32. AwnbKzj Awn I bKzj Ø›Ø mgvm
33. AvRKvj AvR I Kvj Ø›Ø mgvm
34. AvZ¥iÿv AvZ¥‡K iÿv wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
35. Av‡`¨vcvšÍ Avw` †_‡K AšÍ ch©šÍ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
36. AvbZ Clr bZ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
37. Avcv`g¯ÍK cv †_‡K g¯ÍK/gv_v ch©šÍ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
38. AvgKzov‡bv Avg‡K Kzov‡bv wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
39. Avgiv Zzwg, Avwg I †m Ø›Ø mgvm
40. Avkxwel Avkx‡Z wel hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
41. AvkªqPy¨Z Avkªq n‡Z Pz¨Z cÂgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
42. Avmgy`ª mgy`ª ch©šÍ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
43. AvqKi Av‡qi Rb¨ Ki PZz_©x Zrcyiæl mgvm
44. D”Q„•Lj k„•Ljv‡K AwZµvšÍ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
45. D‡Øj †ejv‡K AwZµvšÍ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
46. DcKÉ K‡Éi mgx‡c Ae¨qxfve mgvm
47. DcK‚j K‚‡ji mgx‡c Ae¨qxfve mgvm
48. Dc‡Rjv †Rjvi m`„k Ae¨qxfve mgvm
49. DcØxc Øx‡ci m`„k Ae¨qxfve mgvm
50. DcjLÐ Dc‡ji LÐ lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
51. Dceb e‡bi m`„k Ae¨qxfve mgvm
52. Dckni kn‡ii m`„k Ae¨qxfve mgvm
53. GK‡ivLv GKw`‡K †ivL hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
54. G‡Kvb GK Øviv Eb Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
55. IjKwc Kwc I‡ji b¨vq DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm
56. KPzKvUv KPzi gZ KvUv Kg©aviq mgvm
Kb¨v`vb Kb¨v‡K `vb PZz_x© Zrcyiæl mgvm
58. Kwe¸iæ Kwe‡ì ¸iæ lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
59. Kicjøe Ki cjø‡ei b¨vq DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm

60. K‡jQuvUv K‡j QuvUv AjyK Zrcyiæl mgvm
61. K‡jiMvb K‡ji Mvb AjyK Zrcyiæl mgvm
62. KvMRKjg KvMR I Kjg Ø›Ø mgvm
63. KvRjKv‡jv KvR‡ji b¨vq Kv‡jv Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgvm
64. KvVdvUv KvV dvUvq †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
65. KvbvKvwb Kv‡b Kv‡b †h K_v e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
66. Kv‡bLv‡Uv Kv‡b Lv‡Uv †h AjyK eûeªxwn mgvm
67. KvjvšÍi Ab¨ Kvj wbZ¨ mgvm
68. Kzmyg‡Kvgj Kzmy‡gi b¨vq †Kvgj Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgvm
69. K‚cgÐyK K‚‡ci gÐyK lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
70. K…Zwe`¨ K…Z we`¨v hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
71. †K‡UwQu‡o †K‡U I wQu‡o Ø›Ø mgvm
72. †KvjvKzwj †Kv‡j †Kv‡j †h wgjb e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
73. †µvavbj †µva i~c Abj iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
74. ÿxYRxex ÿxYfv‡e euv‡P †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
75. ÿzavbj ÿzav iƒc Abj iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
76. †LqvNvU †Lqvi wbwgË NvU PZz_©x Zrcyiæl mgvm
77. †LqvNvU †Lqvi NvU lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
78. MY¨gvb¨ whwb MY¨ wZwbB gvb¨ Kg©aviq mgvm
79. MYZš¿ MY wbqwš¿Z Zš¿ ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
80. Miwgj wg‡ji Afve Ae¨qxfve mgvm
81. MjvMwj Mjvq Mjvq †h fve e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
82. MjvqMvgQv Mjvq MvgQv hvi AjyK eûeªxwn mgvm
83. Mí‡cÖwgK M‡íi †cÖwgK lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
84. MvQcvKv Mv‡Q cvKv mßgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
85. MvQcvjv MvQ I cvjv Ø›Ø mgvm
86. Mv‡qMZ‡i Mv‡q I MZ‡i AjyK Ø›Ø mgvm
87. Mv‡qcov Mv‡q cov ¯^fve hvi AjyK eûeªxwn mgvm
88. Mv‡qcov Mv‡q cov AjyK Zrcyiæl mgvm
89. Mv‡q njy` Mv‡q njy` †`qv nq †h Abyôv‡b ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn mgvm
90. wMwbœgv whwb wMwbœ wZwbB gv Kg©aviq mgvm

91. ¸iæfw³ ¸iæ‡K fw³ PZz_©x Zrcyiæl mgvm
92. ¸iæwkl¨ ¸iæ I wkl¨ Ø›Ø mgvm
93. M„nvšÍi Ab¨ M„n wbZ¨ mgvm
94. M„nKÎx© M„‡ni KÎx© lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
95. M„n¯  M„‡n _v‡K †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
96. MÖvgvšÍi Ab¨ MÖvg wbZ¨ mgvm
97. MÖv‡gM‡Ä MÖv‡g I M‡Ä AjyK Ø›Ø mgvm
98. wN‡qfvRv wN‡q fvRv AjyK Zrcyiæl mgvm
99. †Nvjv‡U Clr †Nvjv Ae¨qxfve mgvm
100. PZz`©kc`x PZz`©k c‡ì mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
101. P›`ªP~o P~ovq P›`ª hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
102. P›`ªgyL gyL P‡›`ªi b¨vq DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm
103. P›`ªgyLx P‡›`ªi b¨vq gyL hvi ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn mgvm
104. PvevMvb Pv‡qi evMvb lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
105. wPimyLx wPiKvj e¨vwcqv myLx wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
106. PyjvPzwj Pz‡j Pz‡j a‡i †h SMov e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
107. †P․gynbx †P․/ Pvi †gvnbvi mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
108. †P․iv¯Ív Pvi iv¯Ívi mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
109. Qv‡cvlv Qv †cv‡l †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
110. QvqvkxZj Qvqv Øviv kxZj Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
111. †Q‡jaiv †Q‡j a‡i †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
112. Rbgvbe Rb I gvbe Ø›Ø mgvm
113. RbvKxY© Rb Øviv AvKxY© Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
114. RevKzmygm¼vk Rev Kzmy‡gi m¼vk lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
115. RjPi R‡j P‡i hv Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
116. RjR R‡j R‡b¥ hv Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
117. Rj‡mPb Rj Øviv †mPb Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
118. R‡j¯ ‡j R‡j I ¯ ‡j AjyK Ø›Ø mgvm
119. RqgyKzU Rq m~PK gyKzU ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
120. Rv`yKi Rv`y K‡i †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
121. RxebAv‡eM Rxe‡bi Av‡eM lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm

122. RxebcÖ`xc Rxeb iƒc cÖ`xc iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
123. Rxebexgv Rxe‡bi Rb¨ exgv PZz_©x Zrcyiæl mgvm
124. RxebmÂvi Rxe‡bi mÂvi lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
125. Ryqv‡Ljv Ryqv bv‡gi †h †Ljv ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
126. †R¨vrmœvivZ †R¨vrmœv †kvwfZ ivZ ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
127. Ávbe„ÿ Ávb iƒc e„ÿ iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
128. SiYvaviv SiYvi aviv lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
129. Zb¥vÎ †mB gvÎ/†Kej gvÎ Ae¨qxfve mgvm
130. Z‡cveb Z‡ci wbwgË eb PZz_©x Zrcyiæl mgvm
131. ZiæjZv Ziæ I jZv Ø›Ø mgvm
132. wZwgiKzšÍjv wZwg‡ii b¨vq KzšÍj hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
133. wZwgiwe`vix wZwgi we`xY© K‡i †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
134. ZzlvikxZj Zzlv‡ii b¨vq kxZj Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgvm
135. Zzlviïå Zzlv‡ii b¨vq ïå Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgvm
136. †ZcvšÍi †Z (wZb) cÖvšÍ‡ii mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
137. †Zcvqv †Z (wZb) cvqv hvi msL¨vevPK eûeªxwn mgvm
138. wÎc`x wÎ/ wZb c‡ì mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
139. wÎdjv wÎ (wZb) d‡ji mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
140. wÎfyR wÎ fy‡Ri mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
141. wÎiZœ wÎ/ wZb i‡Zœi mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
142. wÎ‡jvK wÎ (wZb) †jv‡Ki mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
143. †`kvšÍi Ab¨ †`k wbZ¨ mgvm
144. `k©bgvÎ †Kej `k©b wbZ¨ mgvm
145. `¤úwZ Rvqv I cwZ Ø›Ø mgvm
146. `kvbb `k Avbb hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
147. `vKzgov `v I Kzgov Ø›Ø mgvm
148. w`j`wiqv w`j iƒc `wiqv iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
149. ØxcvšÍi Ab¨ Øxc wbZ¨ mgvm
150. `y‡afv‡Z `y‡a I fv‡Z AjyK Ø›Ø mgvm
151. `ywf©ÿ wfÿvi Afve Ae¨qxfve mgvm
152. †`Lv‡kvbv †`Lv I †kvbv Ø›Ø mgvm

153. †`bvcvIbv †`bv I cvIbv Ø›Ø mgvm
154. †è`Ë †è Øviv `Ë Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
155. †`kcjvZK †`k n‡Z cjvZK cÂgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
156. †`kf½ †`k‡K f½ wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
157. †`kvšÍi Ab¨ †`k wbZ¨ mgvm
158. †`‡kwe‡`‡k †`‡k I we‡`‡k AjyK Ø›Ø mgvm
159. †`vbjv `yB bj hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
160. ag©Kvh© a‡g©i wbwgË Kvh© PZz_©x Zrcyiæl mgvm
161. ag©NU ag© iÿv‡_© †h NU ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
162. b`xgvZ…K b`x gvZv hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
163. bec„w_ex be †h c„w_ex Kg©aviq mgvm
164. be‡h․eb be †h †h․eb Kg©aviq mgvm
165. beiZœ be i‡Zœi mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
166. bexbeiY bexb‡K eiY wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
167. bvwZ`xN© bq AwZ `xN© bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
168. wbivwgl Avwg‡li Afve Ae¨qxfve mgvm
169. wbi_©K †bB A_© hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
170. wbiæcvq †bB Dcvq hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
171. wb‡e©va †bB †eva hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
172. bxjKÉ bxj KÉ hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
173. bxjbqbv bxj bqb Av‡Q †h igYxi eûeªxwn mgvm
174. bxjcÙ bxj †h cÙ Kg©aviq mgvm
175. bxjvKvk bxj †h AvKvk Kg©aviq mgvm
176. bvgÄyi bq gÄyi bT&& Zrcyiæl mgvm
177. †LqvjLywk †Lqvj I Lywk Ø›Ø mgvm
178. c‡KUgvi c‡KU gv‡i †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
179. cÙbvf cÙ bvwf‡Z hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
180. c¼R c‡¼ R‡b¥ hv Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
181. cÂb` cÂ b‡ì mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
182. cÂeUx cÂ e‡Ui mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
183. civYcvwL civY iƒc cvwL iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm

184. cjvbœ cj wgwkªZ Abœ ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
185. cuvP †dvob cuvP †dvo‡bi mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
186. cvV¨cy¯ÍK cvV¨ welqK cy¯ÍK ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
187. cvlvY¯Z~c cvlv‡Yi ¯Z~c lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
188. cxZv¤î cxZ A¤î hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
189. cyiælwmsn cyiæl †h wmsn Kg©aviq mgvm
190. cy®ú‡m․if cy‡®úi †m․if lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
191. cy®úvÄwj cy‡®úi AÄwj lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
192. c„ôcÖ`k©b c„ô‡K cÖ`k©b wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
193. cÖMwZ cÖ (cªK…ó) †h MwZ cÖvw` mgvm
194. cÖwZÿY ÿY ÿY Ae¨qxfve mgvm
195. cÖwZw`b w`b w`b Ae¨qxfve mgvm
196. cÖwZ”Qwe Qwei Abyiƒc Ae¨qxfve mgvm
197. cÖwZev` weiæ× ev` Ae¨qxfve mgvm
198. cÖwZwnsmv wnsmvi cÖwZiƒc Ae¨qxfve mgvm
199. cÖwcZvgn cÖ †h wcZvgn cÖvw` mgvm
200. cÖePb cÖ (cÖK…ó) †h ePb cÖvw` mgvm
201. cÖfvZ cÖ (cªK…ó iƒ‡c) fvZ cÖvw` mgvm
202. cÖfve cÖ †h fve cÖvw` mgvm
203. cÖvYPÂj cÖv‡Y PvÂj¨ mßgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
204. cÖvYfq cÖvY hvIqvi fq ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
205. cÖvYcvwL cÖvY iƒc cvwL iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
206. cÖvYea cÖvY‡K ea wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
207. wcÖqse`v wcÖq K_v e‡j †h (bvix) Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
208. dzjKzgvix Kzgvix dz‡ji b¨vq DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm
209. ev®úhvb ev®ú PvwjZ hvb ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
210. evûjZv evû jZvi b¨vq DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm
211. eRªKÉ e‡Rªi b¨vq KÉ hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
212. eRªmg e‡Rªi mg lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
213. ebg‡a¨ e‡bi g‡a¨ lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
214. e‡bÑev`v‡o e‡b I ev`v‡o Ø›Ø mgvm

215. eY©‡Pviv wb‡Ri eY© Pzwi K‡i †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
216. evKweZÐv evK Øviv weZÐv Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
217. evK¨všÍi Ab¨ evK¨ wbZ¨ mgvm
218. evèvwK ev‡ì c‡i †h evwK ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
219. ev¯‧nviv ev¯‧ üZ (niY Kiv) n‡q‡Q hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
220. ev¯‧nviv ev¯‧ nvivq †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
221. evsjv‡`k evsjv bv‡gi †`k ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
222. wecZœxK weMZ n‡q‡Q cZœx hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
223. wec`vcbœ wec`‡K Avcbœ wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
224. wecøeÑAwfhvb wecø‡ei wbwgË Awfhvb PZz_©x Zrcyiæl mgvm
225. wegbv weMZ n‡q‡Q gb hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
226. weivbeŸB `yB Ges beŸB wbZ¨ mgvm
227. wekªx kªxi Afve Ae¨qxfve mgvm
228. welv`wmÜy welv` iƒc wmÜz iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
229. we¯§qvcbœ we¯§q‡K Avcbœ wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
230. weovjvÿx weov‡ji b¨vq Awÿ hvi ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn mgvm
231. exYvcvwY exYv cvwY‡Z hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
232. †eAvBbx bq AvBbx bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
233. †eIqvwik †e (†bB) Iqvwik hvi bT & eûeªxwn mgvm
234. †e¸bfvRv fvRv †h †e¸b Kg©aviq mgvm
235. †eZvi †e (†bB) Zvi hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
236. †envqv †e (†bB) nvqv hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
237. †ewnmvwe †e (bq) wnmvwe bT& Zrcyiæl mgvm
238. †eûuk †bB ûuk hvi bT& eûeªxwn mgvm
239. feb`x fe iƒc b`x iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
240. fvivc©Y fvi‡K Ac©Y wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
241. fyRej fy‡Ri ej lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
242. gZvgZ gZ I AgZ Ø›Ø mgvm
243. gbMov gb Øviv Mov Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
244. gbgvwS gb iƒc gvwS iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
245. g‡bvnvwiYx gb niY K‡i †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm

246. g›`fvM¨ g›` †h fvM¨ Kg©aviq mgvm
247. ggZvim ggZv i~c im i~cK Kg©aviq mgvm
248. giæKwe giæi Kwe lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
249. gnvRb gnvb †h Rb Kg©aviq mgvm
250. gnvcyiæl gnvb †h cyiæl Kg©aviq mgvm
251. gnvc„w_ex gnv †h c„w_ex Kg©aviq mgvm
252. gv_vwcQz cÖwZ gv_v wbZ¨ mgvm
253. gv_vqcvMwo gv_vq cvMwo hvi AjyK eûeªxwn mgvm
254. gvgvevwo gvgvi evwo lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
255. gvZ©ÐcÖvq cÖvq gvZ©Ð wbZ¨ mgvm
256. wg‡VKov hv wgVv ZvB Kov Kg©aviq mgvm
257. wgkKv‡jv wgwki b¨vq Kv‡jv Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgvm
258. gyLåó gyL †_‡K åó cÂgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
259. g~jvùvZx g~jvi g‡Zv ùvZ hvi ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn mgvm
260. g„Zz¨Äq g„Zz¨‡K Rq K‡i‡Qb whwb Dcc` Zrcyyiæl mgvm
261. †gNjyß †gN Øviv jyß Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
262. †gNgy³ †gN n‡Z gy³ cÂgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
263. †gwbgy‡Lv †gwbi g‡Zv gyL hvi ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn mgvm
264. •gÎx m¤^Ü •gÎxi m¤^Ü lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
265. †gvnwb`ªv †gvn iƒc wb`ªv iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
266. hLb ZLb hLb I ZLb Ø›Ø mgvm
267. h_vwewa wewa‡K AwZµg bv K‡i Ae¨qxfve mgvm
268. h_vixwZ ixwZ‡K AwZµg bv K‡i Ae¨qxfve mgvm
269. h_vmva¨ mva¨‡K AwZµg bv K‡i Ae¨qxfve mgvm
270. hyw³m½Z hyw³ Øviv m½Z Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
271. hy× weiwZ hy‡×i weiwZ lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
272. hywawôi hy‡× w¯ i _v‡Kb whwb Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
273. †h․eb‡eM †h․e‡bi †eM lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
274. †h․ebm~h© †h․eb iƒc m~h© iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
275. i³Kgj Kgj i‡³i b¨vq DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm
276. i³ gvsm i³ I gvsm Ø›Ø mgvm

277. i³viw³ i³ Swi‡q Swi‡q †h jovB e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
278. i³viw³ i‡³ i‡³ †h jovB e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
279. i_Pvjb i_‡K Pvjb wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
280. i_v‡ivnY i‡_ Av‡ivnY mßgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
281. ivR`Ð ivRvi `Ð lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
282. ivR`Ë ivRv KZ…©K `Ë Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
283. ivRbxwZ bxwZi ivRv lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
284. ivRc_ c‡_i ivRv lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
285. ivRnsm ns‡mi ivRv lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
286. ivbœvNi ivbœvi Ni lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
287. †ijMvwo †i‡j PvwjZ Mvwo ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
288. jvVvjvwV jvwV‡Z jvwV‡Z †h hy× e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
289. jvjdzj jvj i‡Oi dzj ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
290. †jbÑ†`b †jb I †`b Ø›Ø mgvm
291. kZvãx kZ A‡ãi mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
292. kiwb‡ÿc ki‡K wb‡ÿc wØZxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
293. kn‡i-e›`‡i kn‡i I e›`‡i AjyK Ø›Ø mgvm
294. wkÿvbxwZ wkÿv welqK bxwZ ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
295. wkÿvgš¿x wkÿv welqK gš¿x ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
296. †k¦Zembv †k¦Z emb Mv‡q hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
297. †kvKvbj †kvK iƒc Abj iƒcK Kg©aviq mgvm
298. †kvKvZ© †kvK Øviv FZ Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
299. lofyR lo fy‡Ri mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
300. m‡MvÎ mgvb †MvÎ hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
301. mZx_© mgvb Zx_© hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
302. mZëv`x mZ¨ K_v e‡j †h Dcc` Zrcyiæl mgvm
303. m`c© `‡c©i mwnZ eZ©gvb eûeªxwn mgvm
304. mÜ¨vcÖ`xc mÜ¨v Kv‡ji cÖ`xc ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
305. mßvn mß A‡ni mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
306. mwjjmgvwa mwj‡j mgvwa mßgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
307. m¯¿xK ¯¿xi mv‡_ eZ©gvb †h eûeªxwn mgvm

308. mnKgx© mgvb Kgx© †h eûeªxwn mgvm
309. m‡nvì mgvb Dì hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
310. wmu`yiivOv wmu`y‡ii b¨vq ivOv Dcgvb Kg©aviq mgvm
311. wmÜzbxi wmÜzi bxi lôx Zrcyiæl mgvm
312. wmsncyiæl cyiæl wms‡ni b¨vq DcwgZ Kg©aviq mgvm
313. wmsnvmb wmsn wPwýZ Avmb ga¨c`‡jvcx Kg©aviq mgvm
314. myMwÜ myMÜ Av‡Q hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
315. myivmyi myi I Amyi Ø›Ø mgvm
316. myü` my›ì ü`q hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
317. †mPbKjm †mP‡bi wbwgË Kjm PZz_x© Zrcyiæl mgvm
318. †mZvi †m/ wZb Zv‡ii mgvnvi wØ¸ mgvm
319. †mZvi †m/ wZb Zvi hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
320. †mvbviƒcv †mvbv I iƒcv Ø›Ø mgvm
321. •mb¨ÑmvgšÍ •mb¨ I mvgšÍ Ø›Ø mgvm
322. ¯^M©åó ¯^M© n‡Z åó cÂgx Zrcyiæl mgvm
323. ¯^fvewm× ¯^fve Øviv wm× Z…Zxqv Zrcyiæl mgvm
324. ni`g `g `g Ae¨qxfve mgvm
325. ni‡ivR †ivR †ivR Ae¨qxfve mgvm
326. nvNi N‡ii Afve Ae¨qxfve mgvm
327. nvN‡i N‡ii Afve hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
328. nvUevRvi nvU I evRvi Ø›Ø mgvm
329. nvZvnvwZ nv‡Z nv‡Z †h jovB e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm
330. nv‡Z Lwo nv‡Z Lwo †`qv nq †h Abyôv‡b ga¨c`‡jvcx eûeªxwn mgvm
331. nv‡Z Lwo nv‡Z Lwo †`qv nq †h Abyôv‡b AjyK eûeªxwn mgvm
332. nv‡Z Qwo nv‡Z Qwo hvi AjyK eûeªxwn mgvm
333. nvfvZ fv‡Zi Afve Ae¨qxfve mgvm
334. nvfv‡Z fv‡Zi Afve hvi eûeªxwn mgvm
335. nvmvnvwm nvwm‡Z nvwm‡Z †h Kg© e¨wZnvi eûeªxwn mgvm

mwÜ
 mwÜ : cvkvcvwk Aew¯ Z `ywU aŸwbi wgjb‡K mwÜ e‡j| †hgb :
Avkv+AZxZ=AvkvZxZ, Zr+g‡a¨ = Zb¥‡a¨, Avwet+Kvi=Avwe®‥vi BZ¨vw`| mwÜ †gvU wZb cÖKvi|
h_v Ñ
1. ¯îmwÜ
2. e¨Äb mwÜ I
3. wemM© mwÜ|
 mwÜi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
fvlv‡K mswÿß, cÖvÄj I kÖæwZgayi Kivi Rb¨ evsjv fvlvq mwÜi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Acwimxg| mwÜ
D”PviY‡K mnR K‡i Ges fvlvq aŸwb gvayh© `vb K‡i| mwÜ bZzb kã •Zwii GKwU wewkó cÖwµqv| G
cÖwµqvq aŸwbi wgj i‡q‡Q Ggb `ywU kã wg‡j GKwU bZzb kã •Zwi nq| ZvB fvlvi kãfvÐvi
e„w×‡ZI mwÜ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
 mwÜi cÖKvi‡f` : mwÜ g~jZ `yB cÖKvi| h_v Ñ 1. ¯îmwÜ I 2. e¨ÄbmwÜ| Z‡e ms¯‥…Z mwÜi wbqg
Abyhvqx mwÜ‡K †gvU 3 fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_v Ñ
1. ¯îmwÜ : ¯îaŸwbi m‡½ ¯îaŸwbi wgjb‡K ¯îmwÜ e‡j| wb‡gœ ¯îmwÜi wKQz wbqg D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv Ñ
K. A+A=Av| †hgb : wng+APj=wngvPj|
A+Av=Av| †hgb : wmsn+Avmb=wmsnvmb|
Av+A=Av| †hgb : Avkv+AZxZ=AvkvZxZ|
Av+Av= Av| †hgb : Kviv+AvMvi=KvivMvi BZ¨vw`|
L. B+B=C| †hgb : AwZ+BZ=AZxZ, iwe+B›`ª=iex›`ª
B+C=C| †hgb : cÖwZ+Cÿv=cÖZxÿv, cwi+Cÿv=cixÿv
C+B=C| †hgb : myax+B›`ª=myax›`ª, mZx+B›`ª=mZx›`ª
C+C=C| †hgb : c„_¡x+Ck¦i=c„_¡xk¦i BZ¨vw`|
M. D+D=E| †hgb: giæ+D`¨vb=giƒ`¨vb, KU~w³=KUz+Dw³
D+E=E| †hgb : eny+E×©=en~aŸ©
E+D=E| †hgb : ea~+Dw³=ea~w³, ea~+Drme=ea~rme BZ¨vw`|
N. A+B=G| †hgb : ¯^+B”Qv=†¯^”Qv, ïf+B”Qv =ï‡f”Qv
A+C=G| †hgb : cig+Ck=ci‡gk, MY+Ck=M‡Yk
Av+B=G| †hgb : h_v+Bó=h‡_ó, gnv+B›`ª=g‡n›`ª
Av+C=G| †hgb : igv+Ck=i‡gk, gnv+Ck=g‡nk BZ¨vw`|
O. A+D=I| †hgb : bi+DËg=b‡ivËg
A+E=I| †hgb : M„n+EaŸ©=M„‡nvaŸ©, be+Epv = b‡evpv
Av+E=I| †hgb : M½v+Ewg©=M‡½vwg© BZ¨vw`|

P. ÔAÕ-KvivšÍ wKsev ÔAvÕ-KvivšÍ k‡ãi ci ÔFZÕ kãwU mwÜe× n‡j A/Av+F= ÔAviÕ nq Ges
mwÜNwUZ k‡ãi evbv‡b ÔAÕ-KvivšÍ wKsev ÔAvÕ-KvivšÍ kãwUi †k‡l ÔAv-KviÕ Ges ÔFÕ eY©wUi cwie‡Z©
Ô†idÕ †jLv nq| †hgb : Z…òv+FZ=Z„òvZ©, kxZ+FZ=kxZvZ© BZ¨vw`|
Q. ÔAÕ-KvivšÍ wKsev ÔAvÕ-KvivšÍ k‡ãi ci ÔGÕ wKsev ÔHÕ eY© _vK‡j Dfq wg‡j ÔH-KviÕ nq| †hgb :
wnZ+Glx=wn‣Zlx , gZ+HK¨=g‣ZK¨ BZ¨vw`|
R. ÔAÕ-KvivšÍ wKsev ÔAvÕ-KvivšÍ k‡ãi ci ÔIÕ wKsev ÔJÕ eY© _vK‡j Df‡q wg‡j ÔJ-KviÕ nq| †hgb:
eb+Ilwa=e‡b․lwa, gnv+Ilwa=g‡n․lwa BZ¨vw`|
S. hw` †Kvb mwÜe× k‡ãi gvSLv‡b ÔhÕ djv (¨) _v‡K, Z‡e Zvi mwÜ we‡”Q‡ì mgq †h e‡Y©i m‡½ ÔhÕ
djv (¨) hy³ wQj †m e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔhÕ djvi cwie‡Z© ÔBÕ Kvi (w) hy³ n‡e| Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î cieZx© k‡ãi
Avw`‡Z Aek¨B ÔBÕ ev ÔCÕ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ ¯îaŸwb _vK‡Z n‡e| †hgb :
h`¨wc=hw`+Awc, e¨ZxZ=we+AZxZ, e¨³=we+D³, cÖZ¨n=cÖwZ+An BZ¨vw`|
T. A-KvivšÍ ev D-KvivšÍ DcmM© A_ev k‡ãi ci ÔDÕ wKsev ÔEÕ e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ¯îaŸwb _vK‡j ÔAÕ
ev ÔDÕ aŸwbwU Zvi c~e©eZx© e‡Y©i mv‡_ Ôe-djvÕ wn‡m‡e hy³ nq| †hgb:
my+AvMZ=¯^vMZ, my+A”Q=¯^”Q, Aby+GlY=A‡š^lY, ¯^+Aaxb=¯^vaxb, ¯^+B”Qv=†¯^”Qv BZ¨vw`|
 wbR¯^ mËv †evSv‡j AšÍt¯  ÔeÕ me mgq AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| †hgb :
¯^vaxb=¯^+Aaxb, †¯^”Qv=¯^+B”Qv BZ¨vw`|
P. hw` †Kv‡bv mwÜNwUZ k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔAqÕ D”PvwiZ nq Z‡e Zv mwÜ we‡”Q` Kivi mgq ÔAqÕ
D”PvwiZ nIqv k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i m‡½ ÔGÕ Kvi hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| c‡ii Ask AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e|
†hgb: bqb=†b+Ab, eqb=†e+Ab, Pqb=†P+Ab BZ¨vw`|
Q. hw` †Kv‡bv mwÜhy³ k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔAvqÕ D”PvwiZ nq Z‡e Zv mwÜ we‡”Q` Kivi mgq ÔAvqÕ
D”PvwiZ nIqv k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔH-KviÕ †hvM Ki‡Z nq| Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î c‡ii Ask
AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| †hgb : MvqK=•M+AK, bvqK=•b+AK BZ¨vw`|
R. hw` †Kv‡bv mwÜe× k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔAeÕ D”PvwiZ nq Z‡e Zv mwÜ we‡”Q` Kivi mgq cÖ_g
As‡ki cÖ_g e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔI-KviÕ hy³ nq| G‡ÿ‡ÎI c‡ii Ask AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| †hgb : jeY =
†jv+Ab, feb=†fv+Ab, ceb=†cv+Ab BZ¨vw`|
S. hw` †Kv‡bv mwÜhy³ k‡ãi cÖ_g e‡Y©i mv‡_ ÔAveÕ D”PvwiZ nq, Z‡e Zv mwÜ we‡”Q` Kivi mgq cÖ_g
As‡ki cÖ_g e‡Y©i mv‡_ J-Kvi hy³ nq| G‡ZI c‡ii Ask AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| †hgb:
bvweK=†b․+BK, kveK=†k․+AK, fveyK=†f․+DK BZ¨vw`|
 ¯îmwÜ‡Z Ggb wKQz kã jÿ Kiv hvq, hv †Kv‡bv wbqg gv‡b bv| †hgb:
Mevÿ=†Mv+Aÿ, •¯î=¯^+Ci, †cÖ․p=cÖ+Ep, gbxlv=gbm+Clv/gb+Clv BZ¨vw`|
2. e¨ÄbmwÜ : ¯îe‡Y©i mv‡_ e¨ÄbeY©, e¨Äbe‡Y©i mv‡_ ¯îeY© wKsev e¨Äbe‡Y©i mv‡_ e¨Äbe‡Y©i wgj‡b
†h mwÜ nq Zv‡K e¨Äb mwÜ e‡j| †hgb : KuvPv+Kjv=KvuPKjv, †evb+AvB=†evbvB, e`+RvZ=
e¾vZ BZ¨vw`| wb‡gœ e¨ÄbmwÜi wKQz wbqg D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv Ñ
K. c~e©c‡ì †k‡l ¯îaŸwb Ges cic‡ì ïiæ‡Z ÔQÕ eY© _vK‡j mwÜe× k‡ã ÔQÕ Gi cwie‡Z© Ô”QÕ nq|
†hgb : GK+QÎ=GK”QÎ, cÖ+Q`=cÖ”Q`, gyL+Qwe=gyL”Qwe, ¯^+Q›`=¯^”Q›`, c~Y©+†Q`=c~Y©‡”Q`,
we+wQbœ=wew”Qbœ, Av+Qv`b=Av”Qv`b, cwi+Qbœ=cwi”Qbœ, Av+Qbœ=Av”Qbœ BZ¨vw`|

L. c~e©c‡ì †k‡l Z (r) ev ` Ges cic‡ì ïiæ‡Z P ev Q _vK‡j mwÜe× k‡ã Z, r ev ` Gi cwie‡Z©
P nq| †hgb : Dr+PviY=D”PviY, Pjr+wPÎ=Pjw”PÎ, wec`+wPšÍv=wecw”PšÍv, Dr+PwKZ=D”PwKZ
BZ¨vw`|
M. c~e©c‡ì †k‡l eMx©q cÖ_g eY© Ges cic‡ì ïiæ‡Z eMx©q Z…Zxq ev PZz_© eY© _vK‡j mwÜe× k‡ã
eMx©q cÖ_g e‡Y©i cwie‡Z© Z„Zxq eY© nq| †hgb : w`K+`k©b=w`M`k©b, evK+`Ëv=evM`Ëv,
evK+aviv=evMaviv, w`K+åvšÍ=w`MåvšÍ BZ¨vw`|
N. P-eM©xq aŸwbi c~‡e© Z-eM©xq aŸwb _vK‡j mwÜe× k‡ã Z-eM©xq aŸwb jyß n‡q P-eM©xq aŸwbi wØZ¡ nq|
†hgb : bvZ+RvgvB= bv¾vgvB, e`+RvZ=e¾vZ BZ¨vw`|
O. c~e©c‡ì †k‡l ¯îaŸwb Ges cic‡ì ïiæ‡Z e¨ÄbaŸwb _vK‡j mwÜNwUZ k‡ã ¯îaŸwbwU jyß nq|
†hgb : KuvPv+Kjv=KuvPKjv, †Nvov+†`․o=†Nvo‡`․o BZ¨vw`|
3. wemM© mwÜ : ms¯‥…Z mwÜi wbq‡g c‡ì AšÍw¯ Z i& I m& A‡bK †ÿ‡Î A‡Nvl D®§ aŸwb A_©vr n
aŸwbiƒ‡c D”PvwiZ nq Ges Zv wemM© (t) iƒ‡c †jLv nq| i& I m& wemM© e¨Äb aŸwbgvjvi AšÍM©Z| †m
Kvi‡Y wemM© mwÜ e¨Äb mwÜi AšÍM©Z| e¯‧Z wemM© n‡”Q i& Ges m&-Gi mswÿß iƒc| wemM©‡K `yfv‡M
fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_vÑ
1. i& -RvZ wemM©
2. m& - RvZ wemM©|
cÖk-œ 1. D`vniYmn mwÜ I mgv‡mi 6wU cv_©K¨ D‡jøL Ki|

DËi : `ywU k‡ãi cÖvwšÍK ev mwbœwnZ aŸwbi wgjb‡K mwÜ Ges ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c‡ì
GK c‡` cwiYZ nIqv‡K mgvm e‡j| wb‡gœ D`vniYmn mwÜ I mgv‡mi 6wU cv_©K¨ D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv :
cv_©K¨ mwÜ mgvm
1. `ywU aŸwbi wgjb‡K mwÜ e‡j| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c‡ì wgjb‡K mgvm e‡j|
2. mwÜ GK ai‡bi kãvj¼vi| mgvm GK ai‡bi evK¨vj¼vi|
3. mwÜ we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ eëüZ nq †hvM wPý| mgvm we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ eëüZ nq e¨vmevK¨|
4. mwÜ g~jZ `yB cÖKvi| mgvm mvaviYZ Qq cÖKvi|
mwÜ `ywU k‡ãi D”PviY‡K mnR I mswÿß mgvm `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c`‡K GKÎ Kivi
5.
K‡i| gva¨‡g evK¨‡K mnR I mswÿß K‡i|
mwÜi D`vniY : mgv‡mi D`vniY :
6.
we`¨v+Avjq=we`¨vjq wmsn wPwýZ Avmb=wmsnvmb

cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q
K. cÖK…wZ Kv‡K e‡j ? cÖK…wZ KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx ? D`vniYmn †jL|
DËi : kã ev wµqvg~j‡K cÖK…wZ e‡j| †hgb : Ni, co&, Pj&, XvKv BZ¨vw`| cÖK…wZ `yB cÖKvi| h_v Ñ
1. wµqv cÖK…wZ : avZz ev wµqvg~j‡K wµqv cÖK…wZ e‡j| †hgb : Kvu`& , evua& , ai& , co& , XvK& , Wye&
BZ¨vw`|
2. bvg cÖK…wZ : kãg~j ev k~b¨ wefw³hy³ bvg c`‡K bvg cÖK…wZ e‡j| †hgb : nvZ, ùvZ, gvQ
BZ¨vw`| bvg cÖK…wZ‡K GK K_vq ejv nq cÖvwZcw`K|
L. cÖZ¨q Kv‡K e‡j ? D`vniYmn †jL|
DËi : avZz ev kãg~‡ji †k‡l †hme aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó hy³ n‡q bZzb kã MVb K‡i, †mme aŸwb ev
aŸwbmgwó‡K cÖZ¨q e‡j| †hgb: Av, B, Avj, Bqvj, e, h, wMwi BZ¨vw`|
M. cÖZ¨q KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx ? D`vniYmn †jL|
DËi : cÖZ¨q `yB cÖKvi| h_v Ñ
1. K…r cÖZ¨q : avZz ev wµqv cÖK…wZi mv‡_ †hme aŸwb ev aŸwb mgwó hy³ n‡q bZzb kã MVb K‡i, †mme
aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó‡K K…r cÖZ¨q e‡j| †hgb :
√co&+Dqv=co–qv, √K…+Ze¨ (KZ©e¨), √Pj& + AšÍ (PjšÍ), √gyo& + AK ( †gvoK) BZ¨vw`|
** evbvb mZK©Zv > K…r| K…Z bq|
2. Zw×Z cÖZ¨q : bvg cÖK…wZi mv‡_ †hme aŸwb ev aŸwb mgwó hy³ n‡q bZzb kã MVb K‡i, †mme aŸwb
ev aŸwbmgwó‡K Zw×Z cÖZ¨q e‡j| †hgb : Ni + Dqv (N‡ivqv), †`k + Cq (†`kxq), bxj + Bgv
(bxwjgv), dzj + `vwb (dzj`vwb) BZ¨vw`|
** evbvb mZK©Zv > Zw×Z| ZwØZ ev Zw×r bq|
 K…`šÍ kã : avZz ev wµqv cÖK„wZi mv‡_ K…r cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡q †h kã MwVZ nq, Zv‡K K…`šÍ kã e‡j|
†hgb : co–qv (√co& + Dqv), KZ©e¨ (√K… + Ze¨), PjšÍ (√Pj& + AšÍ), †gvoK (√gyo& + AK)
BZ¨vw`|
 Zw×ZvšÍ kã : bvg cÖK„wZi mv‡_ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡q †h kã MwVZ nq, Zv‡K Zw×ZvšÍ kã e‡j|
†hgb : N‡ivqv (Ni + Dqv), dzj`vwb (dzj + `vwb ) †`kxq (†`k + Cq) BZ¨vw`|
 K wZ c q m gv _© K cÖ Z¨ q 
GK iƒc Ab¨ iƒc GK iƒc Ab¨ iƒc GK iƒc Ab¨ iƒc GK iƒc Ab¨ iƒc
web ex †òq Gq Aj A w³ wZ
ò A Ab AbU Bb C †U wUqv
ò¨ h Abv bv Bqv G Z„P Z„
òvqb Avqb Avb Av‡bv Bgb Bgv Z„P Z…Y
wò B Awb Dwb, wb DK DKv Z„P Zv
wòK BK AK YK Dwoqv/Dwiqv D‡o/D‡i evb eZzc
wòq Cq AZv Zv ³ Z gvb gZzc

 KwZcq avZyi evsjv I ms¯‥„Z iƒc
mvwaZ c` ms¯‥…Z iƒc evsjv iƒc mvwaZ c`
A¼b, Aw¼Z A¼& AuvK& AuvKv
K_¨, Kw_Z K_& Kn & KIqv, Knb
KZ©b, KwZ©Z K…r KvU& KvUv
K…Z, KZ©e¨ K… Ki& Kiv, K‡i
µ›`b µ›`& Kuv`& Kuv`v, Kuv`y‡b
µq, µxZ µx wKb& †Kbv
Lv`¨, Lv`K Lv` & Lv LvIb, LvIqv
MVb, MwVZ MV & Mo & Mob, Mov
Nl©Y, N„ó N„l& Nl& Nlv
†Q`, wQbœ wQ`& wQo& †Quov
`jb, `wjZ `j& `j &/ Wj & `jv, Wjv
`k©b, `„k¨ `„k& †`L& †`Lb, †`Lv
a„Z, aviY a„ ai& aiv
cVb, cwVZ, cV & co & cov, cov‡bv
eÜb eÜ& euva& euvab, euvav
iÿY, iÿ& ivL& ivLv
kªeY, kÖæZ kÖæ ïb& ïbv, †kvbv
¯ vb, ¯ vbxq ¯ v _vK& / _vg& _vKv / _vgv
nvmv, nvmZ nm& nvm& nvmv, nvwm
üZ, niY ü ni& nvi, nviv
AvU& (AvUKv‡bv), LvU& (LvUzwb), †PuP (†PuPv‡bv), Rg& (RgvU), Szj& (SzjšÍ), Uvb&
Av‡iv wKQz avZz (Uvb), UzU& (Uz‡U‡Q), Wi& (Wivq), wdi& (wd‡i‡Q), Pvn& (PvIqv), weMo &
(weMov‡bv), wfR& (†fRv), †Vj& (†Vjv), WvK& (WvKv), jUK& (jUKv‡bv)|
 cÖZ¨q wbY©‡qi wKQz mvaviY wbqg

1. cÖZ¨qhy³ †Kv‡bv k‡ãi cÖK…wZ hw` avZz nq Ges Zvi †k‡l hw` ÔgvbÕ D”PvwiZ nq Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î kvbP&
(gvb) cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| Z‡e weKí wn‡m‡e ÔgvbÕI †jLv hv‡e| †hgb : ea©gvb=√e„a&+kvbP
2. cÖZ¨qhy³ †Kv‡bv k‡ãi cÖK…wZ hw` bvg kã nq Ges Zvi †k‡l hw` ÔgvbÕ D”PvwiZ nq Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î
gZzc (gvb) cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| Z‡e G‡ÿ‡ÎI weKí wn‡m‡e ÔgvbÕ †jLv hv‡e| †hgb :
eyw×gvb=eyw×+gZzc/gvb, eZ©gvb=e„Z+gZzc/gvb
3. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔevbÕ D”PvwiZ nq Zvn‡j ÔeZzcÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| Z‡e weKí
wn‡m‡e ÔevbÕ †jLv hv‡e| †hgb : Ávbevb = Ávb+eZzc/evb, ejevb = ej+eZzc/evb
4. cÖZ¨qhy³ †Kv‡bv ms¯‥…Z k‡ãi †k‡l ÔAbÕ D”PvwiZ n‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î AbU& cÖZ¨q hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‧
ms¯‥…Z kã bv n‡j ÔAbÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb : `k©b =√`„k&+AbU, el©Y √e„l&+AbU

5. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔBKÕ D”PvwiZ nq Zvn‡j ÔwòKÕ A_ev ÔBKÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| †hgb:
mvgvwRK=mgvR+wòK/BK, •eÁvwbK=weÁvb+wòK/BK, `vk©wbK=`k©b+wòK/BK
6. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔCÕ Kvi _v‡K Zvn‡j mvaviYZ ÔBbÕ ev ÔCÕ cÖZ¨q nq| wKš‧ H
k‡ãi †kl eY© hw` ÔeÕ nq Zvn‡j ÔBbÕ bv n‡q ÔwebÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| †hgb :
Ávbx=Ávb+Bb/C, †gavex=†gav+web&, Zc¯^x=√Zcm&+web
7. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔAqÕ D”PvwiZ nq Zvn‡j ÔAj&Õ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| Z‡e weKí wn‡m‡e
ïay ÔAÕ emv‡jI Pj‡e| †hgb : fq=√fx+Aj/A, ÿq=√ÿx+Aj/A
8. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l Ô×Õ A_ev Ô»Õ hy³ _v‡K Zvn‡j Ô³Õ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| †hgb :
gy»=√gyn+& ³, `»=√`n&+³
9. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔZvÕ D”PvwiZ nq Ges H k‡ãi cÖK…wZ hw` avZz nq Zvn‡j ÔZ…P&Õ
cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| wKš‧ cÖK…wZ hw` bvgkã nq Zvn‡j ïay ÔZvÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| †hgb :
KZ©v=√K…+Z…P&, GKZv=GK+Zv
10. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔZÕ eY© hy³ _v‡K Zvn‡j Ô³Õ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| †hgb :
fy³=√fyR&+³, f³=√fR&+³, e¨³=√weP&+³, gy³=√ gyP&+³
11. †Kvb cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔwZÕ D”PvwiZ n‡j Zv‡Z ÔwZÕ cÖZ¨q Ges Ôw³Õ D”PvwiZ n‡j Ôw³Õ cÖZ¨q
hy³ n‡e| †hgb : evowZ=√evo&+wZ, gyw³=√gyP&+w³, fw³=√fR&+w³, Dw³=√eP&&+w³
12. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔhÕ (¨) djv hy³ _v‡K Zvn‡j ÔhÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| †hgb :
•ewPÎ¨=wewPÎ+h, b¨vh¨=b¨vq+h, mn¨=√mn&+h
13. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨q hy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔeÕ eY© hy³ _v‡K Zvn‡j ÔòÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| Z‡e weKí wn‡m‡e
ÔAÕ cÖZ¨q †hvM Kiv hv‡e| †hgb : gvbe=gby+ò/A, •kke=wkï+ò/A,
†M․ie=¸iæ+ò/A, cvÐe=cvÐy+ò/A
14. hw` †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ãi †k‡l ÔBÕ ev ÔCÕ Kvi _v‡K Ges H k‡ãi †kl eY© hw` ÔjÕ nq Zvn‡j
ÔAvwjÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| wKš‧ ÔgÕ _vK‡j ÔAvwgÕ cÖZ¨q hy³ n‡e| †hgb :
Nivwg=Ni+Avwg, †mvbvwj=†mvbv+Avwj
 cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q wbY©q

µwgK cÖ`Ë kã cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q cÖZ¨‡qi bvg
1. A‡Pbv A+√wPb&+Av K…r cÖZ¨q
2. ARvbv A+√Rvb&+Av K…r cÖZ¨q
3. AwšÍg AšÍ + Bg Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
4. Av‡Mœq AwMœ + †òq / Gq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
5. AuvRjv AuvRj + Av Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
6. AvZ¥xq AvZ¥b& + Cq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
7. Avw_©K A_© + wòK / BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
8. Av`y‡i Avì + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
9. Avlv‡p Avlvp + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
10. B”QzK B”Qv + DK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q

11. Ck¦i √Ck& + ei K…r cÖZ¨q
12. D³ √eP& + ³ K…r cÖZ¨q
13. Dw³ √eP& + w³ / wZ K…r cÖZ¨q
14. D”Q¡vm Dr + √k¦m& + A K…r cÖZ¨q
15. DRvb √DR &+ Avb K…r cÖZ¨q
16. DVwZ √DV& + wZ K…r cÖZ¨q
17. Dß √ec& + ³ / Z K…r cÖZ¨q
18. G‡Uj AvVv + Gj / j Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
19. HKgZ¨ GKgwZ + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
20. Hw”QK B”Qv + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
21. HwZnvwmK BwZnvm + wòK / BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
22. HwnK Bn + wòK / BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
23. IKvjwZ IKvjZ + B Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
24. HwZnvwmK BwZnvm + wòK / BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
25. Kjg`vwb Kjg + `vwb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
26. KiYxq √K… + Abxq K…r cÖZ¨q
27. Kiv √ Ki& + Av K…r cÖZ¨q
28. Kl©Y √K…l& + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
29. KZ©e¨ √K… + Ze¨ K…r cÖZ¨q
30. KZ©v √K… + Z…P / Zv K…r cÖZ¨q
31. Kuv`y‡b √Kuv`& + D‡b K…r cÖZ¨q
32. KvVy‡i KvV + Dwiqv > D‡i Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
33. Kvbœv √Kuv`& + bv / Abv K…r cÖZ¨q
34. Kve¨ Kwe + ò¨ / h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
35. KviK √K… + AK / YK K…r cÖZ¨q
36. KzwVqvj KzwV + Avj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
37. K…cY √K…c& + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
38. K…lK √K…l& + YK / AK K…r cÖZ¨q
39. †K‡Rv KvR + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
40. †K․kj Kzkj + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
41. †K․wkK †Kvk + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
42. †µZv √µx + Z…P K…r cÖZ¨q
43. ÿix √ÿi& + Bb / C K…r cÖZ¨q
44. LyKz †LvKv + D Zw×Z cÖZ¨q

45. LyKz LyKz + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
46. †L‡Kv √Lv + DKv K…r cÖZ¨q
47. †Ljbv √†Lj& + Abv K…r cÖZ¨q
48. L¨vwZ L¨vZ + B Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
49. †Lv`vB √ÿz`& + AvB K…r cÖZ¨q
50. MYbv √MY& + Abv K…r cÖZ¨q
51. MZ √Mg& + Z K…r cÖZ¨q
52. MwZ √Mg& + wZ K…r cÖZ¨q
53. MšÍe¨ √Mg& + Ze¨ K…r cÖZ¨q
54. Mgb √Mg& + AbU / Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
55. Mwigv ¸iæ + Bgv / Bgb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
56. MvB‡q √Mvn& + B‡q K…r cÖZ¨q
57. Mv‡ovqvb Mvwo + Iqvb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
58. MvqK √•M + AK& K…r cÖZ¨q
59. M„wnYx M„n + Bbx Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
60. †M‡Qv MvQ + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
61. †Mu‡qv Muv + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
62. †Mvjvcx †Mvjvc + C Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
63. †Mvqvjv †Mv + Avjv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
64. †M․ie ¸iæ + A / ò Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
65. NUKvwj NUK + Avwj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
66. NvZK √nb& + AK K…r cÖZ¨q
67. NygšÍ √Nyg& + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
68. †Nvlvj √Nyl&+Avj K…r cÖZ¨q
69. Ávbevb Ávb + eZzc Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
70. PZzivwj PZzi + Avwj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
71. Pjb √Pj& + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
72. PjšÍ √Pj& + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
73. Puv‡`vqv Puv` + Dqv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
74. PvKz‡i PvKi + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
75. Pvjywb √Pvj& + Dwb K…r cÖZ¨q
76. •PZvwj •PZ + Avwj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
77. •PÎ wPÎv + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
78. †Q‡jwg †Q‡j + Avwg Zw×Z cÖZ¨q

79. Revbew›` Revb + ew›` Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
80. RgvU Rgv + AvU Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
81. Rjxq Rj + Cq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
82. R¡jšÍ √R¡j& + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
83. Rq √wR + A K…r cÖZ¨q
84. Rqx Rq + C Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
85. RuvKvj √RuvK& + Avj K…r cÖZ¨q
86. RvZxq RvwZ + Cq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
87. Rvdivbx Rvdivb + C Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
88. RyZv‡bv RyZv + Av‡bv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
89. †R‡j Rvj + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
90. R¨všÍ √Rx + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
91. Sibv √Si& + Abv/ bv K…r cÖZ¨q
92. SjK √Sj& + AK K…r cÖZ¨q
93. Szjb √Szj& + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
94. †U‡Kv UvK + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
95. XvKvB XvKv + AvB Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
96. WvKvZ √WvK& + AvBZ K…r cÖZ¨q
97. WyešÍ √Wye& + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
98. Wyeywi √Wye& + Dwi K…r cÖZ¨q
99. XvjvB √Xvj& + AvB K…r cÖZ¨q
100. ZejwP Zej + wP Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
101. Zvgv‡U Zvgv + wUqv / †U Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
102. ZvrÿwYK ZrÿY + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
103. †ZwR †ZR + B Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
104. Z¨vM √Z¨R& + A K…r cÖZ¨q
105. Z¨vMx √Z¨R& + Bb / C K…r cÖZ¨q
106. `c©Y √`„c& + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
107. `k©K √`„k& + YK / AK K…r cÖZ¨q
108. `k©b √`„k& + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
109. ùvZvj ùvZ + Avj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
110. `vZv √`v + Z…P / Zv K…r cÖZ¨q
111. `vbe `by + ò / A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
112. `vcU `vc + AU Zw×Z cÖZ¨q

113. `v‡ivqvb Øvi > `vi + Iqvb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
114. `ªvwNgv `xN© + Bgb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
115. w`MšÍ w`K& + AšÍ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
116. wè¨ wè + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
117. `y» √`yn& + ³ K…r cÖZ¨q
118. `y‡aj `ya + Avj > Gj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
119. `yišÍcbv `yišÍ + cbv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
120. `ytwLZ `ytL + BZ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
121. †`kxq †`k + Cq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
122. •`Z¨ w`wZ + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
123. •`b¨ `xb + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
124. •è †è + ò / A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
125. •Øcvqb Øxc + Aqb + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
126. †`vjbv √`yj& + Abv / bv K…r cÖZ¨q
127. aZ©e¨ √a„ + Ze¨ K…r cÖZ¨q
128. ag© √a„ + g K…r cÖZ¨q
129. avwg©K ag© + wòK / BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
130. avh© √a„ + h K…r cÖZ¨q
131. aybywi √ayb& + Dwi K…r cÖZ¨q
132. †aby √†a + by K…r cÖZ¨q
133. •ah© axi + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
134. bKjbwek bKj + bwek Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
135. bRiew›` bRi + ew›` Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
136. bRivbv bRi + Avbv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
137. bexb be + Cb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
138. bk¦i √bk& + ei K…r cÖZ¨q
139. bqb √bx + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
140. bvqK √bx + AK K…r cÖZ¨q
141. bxwjgv bxj + Bgb / Bgv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
142. †bZv √bx + Z…P / Zv K…r cÖZ¨q
143. †b‡q bv + Bqv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
144. b¨vKvwg b¨vKv + Avwg Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
145. †bvbZv byb + Zv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
146. cošÍ √co& + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
147. cwÐZ √cÐv + BZ K…r cÖZ¨q

148. cw¼j c¼ + Bj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
149. cweÎ †cv + BÎ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
150. cwil` cwi + √m`& + wK¡c K…r cÖZ¨q
151. cixÿv cwi + √Cÿ& + A + Av K…r cÖZ¨q
152. cvKv‡gv cvKv + Av‡gv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
153. cvVK √cV& + AK K…r cÖZ¨q
154. cvÐe cvÐy + ò / A / e Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
155. cvZjv cvZj + Av Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
156. cv_y‡i cv_i + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
157. cvb‡m cvwb + mv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
158. cvbxq √cv + Abxq K…r cÖZ¨q
159. cvšÍv cvwb + Zv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
160. cvw_©e c„w_ex + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
161. wcZv √cv + Z… K…r cÖZ¨q
162. wcZ…e¨ wcZ… + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
163. c~Rvwi √c~R& + Avwi K…r cÖZ¨q
164. c„w_ex √cÖ_& + Be + C K…r cÖZ¨q
165. •cZ…K wcZ… + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
166. †c․ivwYK cyivY + wòK / BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
167. cÖPwjZ cÖPjb + BZ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
168. †cÖ․p cÖ + √en& + Z K…r cÖZ¨q
169. djšÍ dj + AšÍ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
170. dvUj √dvU& + Aj K…r cÖZ¨q
171. dzUšÍ √dzU& + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
172. dzj`vwb dzj + `vwb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
173. †diZv √wdi& + Zv K…r cÖZ¨q
174. e³e¨ √eP& + Ze¨ K…r cÖZ¨q
175. e³v √eP& + Z… K…r cÖZ¨q
176. e³…Zv √e³… + Zv K…r cÖZ¨q
177. eovB eo + AvB Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
178. ew›`bx ew›` + Bbx Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
179. eb¯úwZ eb + cwZ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
180. eb¨ eb + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
181. eZ©gvb √e„Z& + gvb K…r cÖZ¨q

182. emZ √em& +Z K…r cÖZ¨q
183. ew¯Í emZ + B Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
184. enZv √en& + Zv K…r cÖZ¨q
185. euvìvgx euvì + Avwg Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
186. euvwk euvk + B Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
187. evK¨ √eP& + h K…r cÖZ¨q
188. evwMPv evM + BPv / Pv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
189. ev•gq evK& (evP&) + gq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
190. evOvj e½ + Avj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
191. evOvwj ev½vjv + B Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
192. evRbv √evR& + Abv/ bv K…r cÖZ¨q
193. evošÍ √evo& + AšÍ K…r cÖZ¨q
194. evowZ √evo& + wZ K…r cÖZ¨q
195. evwoIqvjv evwo + Iqvjv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
196. ev`jv ev`j + Av Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
197. evwl©K el© + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
198. we‡ÿc we + √wÿc& + A K…r cÖZ¨q
199. wePvi we + √Pi& + A K…r cÖZ¨q
200. we`ylx √weØm& + C K…r cÖZ¨q
201. we× √eä& + Z K…r cÖZ¨q
202. weØvb √we`& + em& K…r cÖZ¨q
203. we‡Øl we + √wØl& + A K…r cÖZ¨q
204. we`¨v √we`& + h + Av K…r cÖZ¨q
205. we`y¨r we + `y¨r + wK¡c& Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
206. webq we + √bx + A K…r cÖZ¨q
207. eyw×gvb eyw× + gvb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
208. ey‡bv eb + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
209. eyfÿy v √fyR& + mb& + A + Av K…r cÖZ¨q
210. e„wó e„l + wZ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
211. •eÁvwbK weÁvb + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
212. •eVK √•eV& + AK K…r cÖZ¨q
213. •ea wewa + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
214. •egv‡Îq wegvZ… + A / Gq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
215. •ekvL wekvLv + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
216. •ewk¦K wek¦ + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q

217. †evbvB †evb + AvB Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
218. †evgviæ †evgv + Aviæ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
219. f³ √fR& + Z K…r cÖZ¨q
220. f½yi √fb&R& + Di K…r cÖZ¨q
221. fq √fx + Aj K…r cÖZ¨q
222. fvwR fvRv + B Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
223. fveyK √f~ + DK K…r cÖZ¨q
224. †f‡Zv fvZ + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
225. †f․‡MvwjK f~‡Mvj + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
226. gš¿x gš¿ + Bb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
227. gwngv gnr + Bgb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
228. gvayh© gayi + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
229. gvbZ √gvb& + Z K…r cÖZ¨q
230. gvbe gby + ò / A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
231. gvjvB gvjv + AvB Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
232. gvbwmK gbm& + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
233. wgZvwj wgZv + Avwj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
234. wgVvB wgVv + AvB Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
235. wgïK √wgk& + DK K…r cÖZ¨q
236. gyw³ √gyP& + w³ / wZ K…r cÖZ¨q
237. gy» √gyn& + Z K…r cÖZ¨q
238. gywÝqvbv gywÝ + Avbv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
239. g„b¥q g„r + gq Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
240. †g‡Qv gvQ + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
241. †g‡U gvwU + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
242. †g‡Vv gvV + Dqv > I Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
243. †gavex †gav + web Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
244. †g‡q gv + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
245. †gvoK √gyo &+ AK K…r cÖZ¨q
246. hvPvB √hvP& + AvB K…r cÖZ¨q
247. iuvaywb √ivua& + Dbx K…r cÖZ¨q
248. ivRwl© ivRv + Fwl Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
249. ivÁx ivR& + bx Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
250. ivbœv √iuva& + Abv/ bv K…r cÖZ¨q
251. •iwLK †iLv + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q

252. †ivMv †ivM + Av Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
253. †ivMv‡U †ivM + AvwUqv > †U Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
254. jvNe jNy + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
255. jvOj √j½& + Aj K…r cÖZ¨q
256. jvRyK jvR + DK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
257. jvwjgv jvj + Bgv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
258. †jLK √wjL& + AK K…r cÖZ¨q
259. †j‡Vj jvwV + Bqvj > Gj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
260. †j․wKK †jvK + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
261. kw³ √kK& + wZ K…r cÖZ¨q
262. kû‡i kni + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
263. kqb √kx + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
264. kvixwiK kixi + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
265. kxZj kxZ + j Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
266. •ke wke + ò Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
267. •kwíK wkí + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
268. •kke wkï + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
269. †kvPbxq √ïP& + Abxq K…r cÖZ¨q
270. †kvbv √ïb& + Av K…r cÖZ¨q
271. kªeY √kÖæ + AbU/ Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
272. †kªvZv √kÖæ + Z…P K…r cÖZ¨q
273. mI`vMi mI`v + Mi Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
274. mÂq mg + √wP + A K…r cÖZ¨q
275. mgªvU mg + √ivR& + wK¡c K…r cÖZ¨q
276. mwnòz mn + Bòz Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
277. ¯^wcœj ¯^cœ + Bj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
278. ¯§Z©e¨ √¯§„ + Ze¨ K…r cÖZ¨q
279. ¯§iYxq √¯§„ + Abxq K…r cÖZ¨q
280. muvZviæ muvZvi + Aviæ Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
281. mvwnZ¨ mwnZ + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
282. mvwnwZ¨K mvwnZ¨ + wòK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
283. mvßvwnK mßvn + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
284. mvcy‡o mvc + Dwoqv > D‡o Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
285. mvsevw`K msev` + BK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
286. ¯ vei √¯ v + ei K…r cÖZ¨q
287. m~h© √m„ + h K…r cÖZ¨q

288. m„wó √m„R& + wZ K…r cÖZ¨q
289. †mbvbx †mbv + bx Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
290. †mvbvwj †mvbv + Avwj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
291. †m․Rb¨ myRb + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
292. †m․›`h© my›ì + h Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
293. †m․i m~i + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
294. †m․if myiwf + A Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
295. niY √ü + Ab K…r cÖZ¨q
296. nj‡` njy` + Bqv > G Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
297. n¯Íx n¯Í + Bb& Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
298. nvZj nvZ +Aj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
299. nvZvb nvZ + Avb Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
300. nvZv‡bv nvZ + Av‡bv Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
301. nvZz‡o nvZ + Dwoqv > D‡o Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
302. nvwm √nvm& + B K…r cÖZ¨q
303. wn‡gj wng + Gj Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
304. wn‣Zlx wnZ + Hlx Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
305. wnsmyK wnsmv + DK Zw×Z cÖZ¨q
306. wnsmª √wnb&&m& + i K…r cÖZ¨q

DcmM©
 DcmM© : †hme aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó kã ev avZzi c~‡e© e‡m bZzb kã MVb K‡i, †mme aŸwb ev
aŸwbmgwó‡K DcmM© e‡j| †hgb : A, Av, AR, AN, cÖ, civ, mg, Awf BZ¨vw`|
e¨vKiYwe`‡ì g‡Z, Ae¨qm~PK kãvskB DcmM©| Zuviv g‡b K‡ib, evsjv fvlvq Ggb wKQz
Ae¨qm~PK aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó i‡q‡Q, hv KL‡bv ¯^vaxb c` wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i bv; G¸‡jv
kãvs‡ki g‡Zv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kã ev avZzi c~‡e© e‡m bZyb bZzb kã MVb K‡i| G kãvsk¸‡jv‡KB
e‡j DcmM©| Gme Dcm‡M©i wbR¯^ †Kv‡bv A_© †bB| Z‡e Giv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kã ev avZzi c~‡e© e‡m
Zvi A‡_©i Ici cÖfve we¯Ívi Ki‡Z cv‡i|
 Dcm‡M©i cÖKvi‡f` : evsjv fvlvq wZb cÖKvi DcmM© Av‡Q| h_v Ñ
1. evsjv DcmM©
2. Zrmg ev ms¯‥…Z DcmM© Ges
3. we‡`wk DcmM©|
 DcmM© cwiwPwZ
1. evsjv DcmM©: evsjv DcmM© †gvU GKzkwU| h_v: A, ANv, AR, Abv, Av, Avo, Avb, Ave, BwZ, Eb,
K`, Kz, wb, cvwZ, we, fi, ivg, m, mv, my, nv|
 evsjv DcmM© mvaviYZ evsjv k‡ãi c~‡e©B hy³ nq| Dcm‡M©i Qov
2. Zrmg ev ms¯‥…Z DcmM©: Zrmg DcmM© wekwU| h_v : cÖ, AwZ.`yi.Ae.wbi.civ.mg.Awf
civ, Ac, mg,wb, Aby, Ae, wbi, `yi, we, Awa, my, Dr, Awc.Dc.Dr.cÖwZ.Aby.cwi.Awa
cwi, cÖwZ, AwZ, Awc, Awf,Dc, Av| Ac.cÖ I Pvi aŸwb Av.my we.wb hvq
 Zrmg DcmM©¸‡jv mvaviYZ Zrmg k‡ãi Av‡M Zrm‡g Ni †i‡L LuvwU evsjvq|
e‡m| Av.my.we.wb.cvq m.mv.ANv.AR.cvwZ
 Av, my, we, wb, -G PviwU DcmM© GKB mv‡_ evsjv I Ave.fi.Abv.Avb.Db.K`.A.BwZ|
Zrmg Dcm‡M©i AšÍf©y³| nv.ivg.Avo.Kz. LuvwU evsjv
3. we‡`wk DcmM©: evsjv fvlvq mvaviYZ Aviwe, dviwm, we‡`wk Aviwei ev‡R.Lvm.jv
wnw›`, Bs‡iwR, D`y© cÖf„wZ fvlv †_‡K AvMZ eû Dcm‡M©i Zvi mv‡_ L‡qi Ges Av‡Q Avm.Mi
cÖ‡qvM †`Lv hvq| h_v: Kvi, ì, bv, wbg, wd, e`, †e, dviwmi Kg.bv.wbg.wd.ei
ei, e, Kg (dviwm DcmM©)| Avg, Lvm, jv, Mi (Aviwe e.†e.Kvi.e`.ì. †k‡l Bs‡iwR
DcmM©) dzj, nvd, †nW, mve (Bs‡iwR DcmM©), ni nvd.†nW.dzj.mve.†fwi †fwi BwR|
(wnw›` DcmM©)|
K. Dcm‡M©i A_©evPKZv †bB; wKš‧ A_©‡`¨vZKZv Av‡Q Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki|
DËi: †hme aŸwb ev aŸwbmgwó avZz ev k‡ãi c~‡e© e‡m bZzb kã MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i, †mme aŸwb ev
aŸwbmgwó‡K DcmM© e‡j| Dcm‡M©i cÖavb •ewkó¨ n‡jv, ÔG‡ì †Kv‡bv A_©evPKZv †bB, wKš‧

A_©‡`¨vZKZv Av‡Q|Õ cÖ‡Z¨KwU DcmM© g~jZ GK ai‡bi kãvsk ev kãLÐ| Giv †Kv_vI c„_Kfv‡e
eëüZ nq bv, wKsev G‡ì wbR¯^ †Kv‡bv A_©I †bB| Giv †Kej avZz ev k‡ãi c~‡e© hy³ n‡jB A_©
cÖKv‡ki ÿgZv AR©b K‡i| DcmM© hLb †Kv‡bv bZzb kã MVb K‡i ZLb MwVZ k‡ãi gva¨‡g g~j kã ev
avZzi A‡_©i cwieZ©b, cwiea©b, ms‡KvPb ev Zvi c~Y©Zv mvab K‡i| D`vniY wn‡m‡e ejv hvq, ÔnviÕ
kãwUi c~‡e© wewfbœ DcmM© †hv‡M A‡bK¸‡jv bZzzb kã MwVZ nq| †hgb :
DcmM© g~j kã DcmM©‡hv‡M MwVZ mvwaZ kã
cÖ cÖnvi (gviv)
Dc Dcnvi (Dc‡X․Kb)
nvi
Av Avnvi (LvIqv)
we wenvi (ågY)
Dc‡ii mvwaZ kã¸‡jv †_‡K cÖ, Dc, Av, we DcmM©¸‡jv c„_K Ki‡j Avgiv Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv Avjv`v A_©
cvB bv| Gfv‡e wbR¯^ A_©nxb G DcmM©¸‡jv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv kã ev avZzi c~‡e© hy³ n‡q bZzb bZzb kã MVb
Ki‡Z cv‡i e‡jB ejv nq- Dcm‡M©i A_©evPKZv †bB; wKš‧ A_©‡`¨vZKZv Av‡Q|
 K‡qKwU Dcm‡M©i cÖ‡qvM
DcmM© D`vniY A_©‡`¨vZKZv
A A‡K‡Rv wbw›`Z
Ab Abv`„Z, Abvì wecixZ
Kz KzKvR, Kzdj g›`
BwZ BwZc~‡e© Gi
cvwZ cvwZnuvm ÿz`ª
Ac Acgvb wecixZ
wbi wbiÿi Afve
my mybvg DËg
e eKjg mwnZ
jv jvcvËv bv
mve mve-RR Aaxb

AbymM© ev Kg©cÖePbxq
 AbymM© ev Kg©cÖePbxq : evsjv fvlvq †h Ae¨qm~PK kã¸‡jv KL‡bv ¯^vaxb cì~‡c, Avevi KL‡bv
kãwefw³i b¨vq ev‡K¨ eëüZ n‡q ev‡Kï A_© cÖKv‡k mvnvh¨ K‡i, †m¸‡jv‡K AbymM© ev Kg©cÖePbxq
e‡j| AbymM©¸‡jv KL‡bv cÖvwZcw`‡Ki c‡i, Avevi KL‡bv Ô†KÕ ev ÔiÕ wefw³hy³ k‡ãi c‡i eëüZ
nq| †hgb :
webv : `ytL webv myL jvf nq wK gnx‡Z? (cÖvwZcw`‡Ki c‡i)
m‡b : gq~ixi m‡b bvwP‡Q gq~i| (i/lôx wefw³hy³ k‡ãi c‡i)
evsjv fvlvq A‡bK AbymM© i‡q‡Q| †hgb:
cÖwZ, webv ,wen‡b, mn, Dci, Aewa, †nZz, g‡a¨, gv‡S, c‡i, wfbœ, eB, e¨ZxZ, Rb¨, ch©šÍ, A‡cÿv,
mnKv‡i, Z‡i, cv‡b, bv‡g, gZ, wbKU, AwaK, c‡ÿ, Øviv, w`qv, KZ©„K, mv‡_, m‡½, nB‡Z, n‡Z,
†_‡K, †P‡q, cv‡Q, wfZi BZ¨vw`| Z‡e G‡ì g‡a¨ Øviv, w`qv, KZ…K © , n‡Z, †_‡K, †P‡q, A‡cÿv,
g‡a¨ cÖf„wZ AbymM©¸‡jv ev‡K¨ kã wefw³iƒ‡c eëüZ nq|
 ev‡K¨ Abym‡M©i cÖ‡qvM
webv : Zzwg webv Avgvi Avi †K Av‡Q e‡jv?
we‡b : we‡b cqmvq †emvwZ K‡iv bv|
wewb : wewb myZvq †Zvgvi Rb¨ gvjv Muv_e|
wen‡b : D`¨g wen‡b Kvi cy‡i g‡bvi_?
gv‡S : Zcy Avevi wd‡i G‡m‡Q Avgv‡ì gv‡S|
w`‡K : AevK n‡q Ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q _v‡K Iiv|
w`‡q : nvwm w`‡q NiUv‡K fwi‡q w`Z †m|
c‡i : eQi Lv‡bK c‡i †iYy‡K we‡q K‡i Zcy|
m‡½ : K¨vwcUv‡j Zvi m‡½ †`Lv n‡qwQj|
n‡Z : †fvi n‡Z †Q‡jey‡ov G‡m Rgv‡qZ nj|

cÖwZkã ev mgv_©K kã
 cÖwZkã : Awfbœ A_©ÁvcK `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK k‡ãi GKwU‡K AciwUi cÖwZkã ev mgv_©K kã e‡j|
A_ev, mg A_©wewkó `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK k‡ãi GKwU‡K AciwUi cÖwZkã e‡j| †hgb Ñ ÔwèvKiÕ
kãwUi cÖwZkã n‡jv m~h©, iwe ev w`bbv_, Avevi m~h©, iwe ev w`bbv_ kã¸‡jviI cÖwZkã n‡jv
ÔwèvKiÕ ev ÔcÖfvKiÕ|
 cÖwZk‡ãi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv : c„w_exi Ab¨vb¨ fvlvi g‡Zv evsjv fvlvi †ÿ‡ÎI cÖwZkã GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
¯ vb `Lj K‡i Av‡Q| evsjv M`¨ Ges c‡`ï AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GKwU Dcv`vb n‡”Q GB cÖwZkã ev
mgv_©K kã| we‡kl K‡i Qov ev KweZvi gvÎv web¨vm I Q‡›ì AšÍ¨wg‡ji †ÿ‡Î GB cÖwZk‡ãi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv G‡Kev‡iB Ab¯^xKvh©| GKB k‡ãi cybive„wË †iva K‡i M‡`ï †ÿ‡Î GK‡Nu‡qwg `~i
Kivi Rb¨ wKsev fvlvq •ewPÎ¨ Avb‡Z cÖwZkã LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| e³‡eï cÖK…wZ
Abyhvqx PUzj A_ev M¤¢xi fve cÖKv‡ki †ÿ‡ÎI cÖwZkã h‡_ó mnvqK f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K|
m‡e©vcwi fvlv‡K mnR, mij, cÖvÄj, kÖæwZgayi I AvKl©Yxq Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖwZk‡ãi f~wgKv AZ¨šÍ
¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
 KwZcq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖwZk‡ãi D`vniY

cÖ`Ë kã cÖwZkã
1. AZxZ ZrKvj, cyivKvj, c~e©, †mKvj|
2. AÜKvi Auvavi, wZwgi, Zg, Zgmv, Zwgmªv|
3. AkÖæ bqbRj, AuvwLevwi, †bÎevwi, †Pv‡LiRj, †Pv‡Licvwb|
4. Ak¦ †Nvov, †NvUK, ZziM , Zzi½ , Zzi½g, nq, evRx|
5. AvKvk Avmgvb, A¤î, MMb, k~b¨, b‡fvgÐj, AšÍixÿ, `~¨‡jvK, Qvqv‡jvK |
6. AuvwL Awÿ, bqb, †bÎ, †PvL, Pÿz, †jvPb, `„K|
7. Av¸b AwMœ, Abj, ewý, cveK, ûZvkb, `nb, •ek¦vbi |
8. AvaywbK Ae©vPxb, mv¤cÖwZK, be¨, eZ©gvb Kv‡ji, nv‡ji, B`vbxs|
9. Av‡jv Av‡jvK, iwk¥, Ki, `xwß, cÖfv, †R¨vwZ|
10. B”Qv AvKv•ÿv, Awfjvl, AwfcÖvq, AwfiæwP, mva, Avkv, evmbv, cÖZ¨vkv |
11. BwZ mgvwß, Aemvb, hewbKv|
12. B›`ª AwacwZ, †èivR, evme, †ècwZ|
13. Ck¦i weavZv, cÖfy, fMevb, RM`xk¦i, wek¦cwZ, wefy|
14. D¾¡j Av‡jvwKZ, `xßgvb, D™¢vwmZ, cÖR¡wjZ, †kvfgvb|
15. K_v Dw³, ePb, evYx, evK¨|
16. Kb¨v †g‡q, `ywnZv, Zbqv, AvZ¥Rv, bw›`bx, myZv, cyÎx|
17. Kcvj jjvU, fvj, fvM¨, AwjK, A`„ó, wbqwZ|
18. KeyZi K‡cvZ, cvqiv, cviveZ, †jvUb, †bvUb|

19. KY© Kvb, kªe‡Yw›`ªq, kªeY c_, †kªvÎ, kÖæwZc_, kªeYweei|
20. Kjn weev`, SMov, we‡iva, Ø›Ø, †Kv›`j|
21. wKiY iwk¥, QUv, †R¨vwZ, cÖfv, `xwß|
22. HwZn¨ wKse`wšÍ, wek¦vm, RbkÖæwZ, wekÖæwZ|
23. Kzj esk, †MvÎ, mgvR, RvwZ, eY©, mg~n|
24. K‚j cywjb, ZU, wKbviv, avi, cvo, Zxi|
25. †Kk Pzj, wPKzi, KzšÍj, †Kk`vg, †Kkcvk, AjK |
26. †KvwKj wcK, Ab¨cyó, KvKcyó, KjKÉ, cif„Z, emšÍ`~Z, gaymL, gay¯î|
27. Lei evZ©v, msev`, m‡›`k, ZË¡ , mÜvb|
28. M„n Ni, wbevm, AvMvi, Kÿ, wbjq|
29. P›`ª Puv`, kkai, †mvg, kkv¼, B›`y, P›`ªgv, kkx, weay, myavsï, kxZvsï|
30. wPËcU gb, ü`q, wPË, AšÍi|
31. R½j eb, AiY¨, AUwe, Kvbb|
32. Rj cvwb, evwi, mwjj, A¤^y, bxi, D`K, †Zvq|
33. †VuvU Iô, Aai, PÂz|
34. †XD Zi½, Ewg©, wn‡jøvj, †KvUvj,K‡jøvj, jni|
35. w`b wèv, wèm, Aý, An, Anb, w`bgvb|
36. †`n Mv, MvÎ, A½, Zby, Kvqv, Kvq, kixi|
37. †`vKvb cmvi, wecwY, AvcY, cY¨kvjv|
38. b`x †mªvZw¯^bx , ZwUbx, Ziw½bx, cÖevwnbx, •kewjbx, K‡jøvwjbx, MvO, mwir |
39. bvix KvšÍv, igYx, gwnjv, ¯¿x‡jvK, jjbv, Aejv, A½bv|
40. cÙ Kgj, Kzgy`, c¼R, kZ`j, Drcj, Aiwe›`, m‡ivR, m‡ivwmR, bwjbx|
41. cZvKv wbkvb, aŸRv, †KZb, SvÐv|
42. ce©Z cvnvo, APj, wMwi, f~ai, •kj, Aw`ª, bM, gnxai, k„sMai, gnx›`ª, f~f„r|
43. cvwL cÿx, wenM, wen½, kKzšÍ, wØR, AÐyR, cZÎx, LPi, †LPi, LM|
44. cvwb evwi, Rj,bxi, mwjj, A¤^y,Rxeb|
45. cv_i cÖ¯Íi, Dcj, Ak¥, wkjv, cvlvY|
46. cyÎ b›`b, Zbq, myZ, †Q‡j, `yjvj, AvZ¥R|
47. c„w_ex aiv, aiYx, awiÎx, †gw`bx, Aebx, emyÜiv, emygwZ, RMr, wek¦, fyeb|
48. eb AiY¨, R½j, Kvbb, wewcb, KzÄ, KvšÍvi, AUwe, ebvbx, Mnb|
49. eÜz wgÎ, mLv, †`v¯Í, wgZv|
50. eb¨v evb, †KvUvj, cøveb, cøve|
51. emšÍ gaygvm, FZzivR, FZzcZx, KvgmL|
52. evwjk Dcvavb, aviY, ¯ vcb|
53. evwo avg, Avjq, feb, m`b, evUx, wb‡KZb|
54. evqy evZvm, Awbj, ceb, mgxi. mgxiY, giæZ, gviæZ, nvIqv|

55. we`y¨r Zwor, ÿYcÖfv, `vwgbx, †m․`vwgbx, weRjx, weRyjx, Pcjv, PÂjv|
56. weay P›`ª, Puv`, wngvsï, myavsï, †mvg, kkx|
57. e„ÿ MvQ, Ziæ, gnxiæn, weUcx, cv`c, `ªæg, kvLx, Dw™¢`|
58. fq fxwZ, Îvm, AvZ¼, Wi, k¼v|
59. ågi †fvgiv, Awj, f„½v|
60. fvB åvZv, m‡nvì, fvBqv, AMÖR, AbyR|
61. fvM¨ jjvU, Kcvj, eivZ, wewawjwc|
62. fvh©v ¯¿x, cZœx, ea~, Aa©v½x, eD, Rvqv, wMbœx, KjÎ, `vi|
63. gq~i †KKv, wkLx, wkLÐx, Kjvcx|
64. gv gvZv, Rbbx, Mf©avwiYx, Rb¥`vÎx, RwbKv|
65. gvwU g„wËKv, Rwg, m¤úwË, f~Zj|
66. gyL e`b, Avbb, e³, Avm¨|
67. g„Zy¨ wbab, ci‡jvKMgb, Bn‡jvK Z¨vM, giY, BwšÍKvj, IdvZ, wbcvZ|
68. †gN evwi`, A¤^y`, bxi`, Rj`, Rjai, Rxg~Z, c‡qvai|
69. hy× mgi, iY, weMÖn, msMÖvg, jovB, R½|
70. jovB hy×, mgi, iY|
71. kÎæ Awi, •eix, AivwZ, `ykgb, cÖwZcÿ|
72. mgy`ª mvMi, AY©e, evix›`ª, evwiwa, Rjwa, cv_vi, cvivevi, R‡jk¦i|
73. mc© mvc, fyRM, fyR½, fyR½g, dYx, dYvai|
74. mr mZ¨,mvay, ïf, gnr, DËg, DrK…ó|
75. ¯¿x cZœx, Rvqv, fvh©v, `vi|
76. mvnmx fqk~b¨, wbfx©K, wbf©q, AKz‡Zvfq, wbtk¼|
77. wmsn †Kkix, g„MivR, g„‡M›`ª, cïivR, nwi, nl©ÿ|
78. my›ì g‡bvni, PgrKvi, my`„k¨ , g‡bvig, Pviæ|
79. m~h© AiæY, wèvKi, cÖfvKi, iwe, Zcb, w`‡bk, w`bgwY, fvby, Avw`Z¨, AK©|
80. ¯^M© RvbœvZ, †e‡nkZ, AgiveZx, myi‡jvK, wÎw`|
81. ¯^Y© †mvbv, KbK, KvÂb, wniY, wniY¨, myeY©, †ng|
82. ivRv mgªvU, b„cwZ, kvmK, f~cwZ, b„c|
83. ivwÎ wbwk, wbkv, ivZ, iRbx, hvwgbx, ke©ix, wefveix|
84. nwiY g„M, Kzi½, mvi½, mybqb|
85. n¯Í nvZ, Ki, evû, fyR, cvwY|
86. n¯Íx nvwZ, Kix, MR, bM, bvM, `šÍx, wØc, eviY, gvZ½, KzÄi, wØi`|
87. nvZ Ki, cvwY, n¯Í, evû|

wecixZ kã
K. wecixZ kã Kv‡K e‡j ? D`vniYmn †jL|
DËi : †Kv‡bv k‡ãi wecixZ A_©ÁvcK kã‡K H k‡ãi wecixZ kã e‡j| †hgb :ÔgvbylÕ k‡ãi wecixZ
kã ÔAgvbylÕ | Abyi~cfv‡e, w`b  ivZ, myi  Amyi, fvj  g›`, my›ì  Amy›ì BZ¨vw`|
L. Kx Kx Dcv‡q wecixZ kã MVb Kiv hvq †jL|
DËi : wecixZ kã mvaviYZ `yÕwU Dcv‡q MVb Kiv hvq | h_vÑ
1. bZzb kã eënvi K‡i : †Kv‡bv GKwU k†ãi mv‡_ AvÿwiK m¤úK©nxb m¤ú~Y© bZyb k‡ãi gva¨‡g
wecixZ kã MVb Kiv hvq |
†hgb : Ñ ivZ  w`b, Av‡jv  Qvqv, fvj  g›` BZ¨vw`|
2. k‡ãi Ask we‡kl cwieZ©b K‡i : bZzb †Kv‡bv kã eënvi bv K‡i c~‡e©v³ k‡ãi Askwe‡kl cwieZ©b
K‡iI wecixZ kã MVb Kiv hvq| †hgb : ev`xweev`x, `~iA`~i, j²xj²xQvov / Ajÿx,
wgjMiwgj / Awgj BZ¨vw`| G RvZxq kã MV‡biI `ywU c×wZ i‡q‡Q| h_v :
(K) k‡ãi c~‡e© A, Ac, `yi, Mi, Ab, we BZ¨vw` DcmM© hy³ ev wehy³ K‡i | †hgb :
cviAcvi, gvbAcgvb, MwZ`yM©wZ, wgjMiwgj, AvìAbvì, †`kwe‡`k BZ¨vw`|
(L) k‡ãi †k‡l nxb, wenxb, k~b¨, Qvov BZ¨vw` kã ev kãvsk hy³ ev wehy³ K‡i| †hgb :
ÁvbÁvbnxb, ÁvbxÁvbk~b¨, j²xj²xQvov BZ¨vw` |
M. wecixZ k‡ãi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡jvPbv Ki |
DËi : fve cÖKvk‡K mnRZi Kivi †ÿ‡Î wecixZ k‡ãi f~wgKv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wecixZ kã evK¨‡K
mnR‡eva¨ Kivi cvkvcvwk mswÿß Ki‡ZI mnvqZv K‡i| e³…Zv, weZK©, Mí, KweZv, Dcb¨vm, Qov
GgbwK bvU‡Ki msjv‡cI GB wecixZ kã AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| D`vniY wn‡m‡e ejv
hvq, 'weØvbÕ Gi wecixZ kã wn‡m‡e †Kv_vI hw` Ôg~L©Õ kã eënvi bv K‡i Ôwe`¨v †bB hviÕ eënvi Kiv
nq, Z‡e G‡Z ev‡Kï AvKvi †hgb †e‡o hvq, †Zgwb fve cÖKv‡ki †ÿ‡ÎI m„wó nq RwUjZv| GQvov,
G‡Z fvlvi ¯^vfvweK †m․›`h© bó nq Ges Gi MwZkxjZvI evavcÖvß nq| ZvB Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi, fvlv‡K
mnR, mij, my›ì, mvejxj I mswÿßfv‡e cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ wecixZ kã LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
 KwZcq wecixZ k‡ãi D`vniY

cÖ`Ë kã wecixZ kã 8. Aat EaŸ©
1. AMÖ cðvr 9. Aag DËg
2. AMÖR AbyR 10. AagY© DËgY©
3. AwMÖg e‡Kqv 11. AwaZ¨Kv DcZ¨Kv
4. APj mPj 12. Aaybv Z`vbxšÍb
5. AwZKvq ÿz`ªKvq 13. Abkb Akb
6. AwZe„wó Abve„wó 14. Awbó Bó
7. A›ì mì 15. AšÍ Avw`

16. AšÍ¨ Av`¨ 52. AvZ¥xq AbvZ¥xq
17. AšÍi evwni 53. Avw` AšÍ
18. AšÍi½ ewni½ 54. Avcb ci
19. AÜ Pÿz®§vb 55. Avek¨K Abvek¨K
20. A_© Ab_© 56. Avevnb wemR©b
21. Acivnè c~e©vnè 57. Avwef©ve wZ‡ivfve
22. Ac©Y MÖnY 58. Avwej Abvwej
23. A¯ÍMvgx D`xqgvb 59. Ave„Z Abve„Z
24. AbvPvi AvPvi 60. Av‡ivnY Ae‡ivnY
25. AbyK~j cÖwZK~j 61. Av`©ª ï®‥
26. AbyMÖn wbMÖn 62. Avh© Abvh©
27. Aby‡gvw`Z Abby‡gvw`Z 63. Av‡jv Avuavi
28. Abyi³ wei³ 64. Avjm¨ kªg
29. AbyivM weivM 65. Avm³ wbivm³
30. Aby‡jvg cÖwZ‡jvg 66. Avmj bKj
31. Acgvb m¤§vb 67. Av¯ v Abv¯ v
32. Acivax wbiciva 68. Avn~Z Abvn~Z
33. AebZ DbœZ 69. BZi f`ª
34. AR©b eR©b 70. BwZ Avw`
35. Ae©vPxb cÖvPxb 71. BwZevPK †bwZevPK
36. Agi giYkxj 72. B`vwbs Z`vwbs
37. Ag„Z Mij 73. Bw›`ªq AwZ›`ªxq
38. A¤ø gayi/ ÿvi 74. BnKvj ciKvj
39. Ajm wbijm/cwikªgx 75. Bn‡jvK ci‡jvK
40. AjxK ev¯Íe 76. Bn‡j․wKK cvi‡j․wKK
41. Akb Abkb 77. C`„k Zv`„k
42. A¯ vei ¯ vei 78. Clr AwaK
43. Amxg mmxg 79. DwPZ AbywPZ
44. Amyi myi 80. D¾¡j Aby&¾¡j
45. AvKl©Y weKl©Y 81. DRvb fvwU
46. AvKvi wbivKvi
82. DVwZ cowZ
47. AvKzÂb cÖmviY
83. DÇqb AeZiY
48. AvµgY cÖwZ‡iva
84. DËgY© AagY©
49. AvMgb cÖZ¨vMgb/cÖ¯v  b
85. DËiY AeZiY
50. AvMÖn AbvMÖn
86. DËvj wb¯Íi½/kvšÍ
51. AvUK gy³/ Qvo 87. DÌvb cZb

88. D`q A¯Í 124. Lj mij
89. D`vi Aby`vi 125. LvZK gnvRb
90. D×Z webqx 126. LyPiv cvBKvwi
91. DbœwZ AebwZ 127. L¨vZ AL¨vZ
92. Db¥xjb wbgxjb 128. ÿgv kvw¯Í
93. Db¥yL wegyL 129. ÿwqòz ewa©òz
94. DcPq AePq 130. MwZ w¯ wZ
95. DØ„Ë NvUwZ 131. M¤¢xi Pcj/PÂj
96. Eli De©i 132. Mig VvÐv
97. Elv mÜ¨v 133. Mij Ag„Z
98. Dò kxZj 134. ¸ß cÖKvk¨
99. DrKl© AcKl© 135. Myiy jNy
100. FRy Kzu‡Rv/eµ 136. ¸iæ wkl¨
101. GK A‡bK 137. M„nx mbœ¨vmx
102. Hw”QK Avewk¨K 138. †Mu‡qv kny‡i
103. Hk¦h© `vwi`ª¨ 139. †Mvcb cÖKvk
104. HwnK cviwÎK 140. †Mvcbxq cÖKvk¨
105. J×Z¨ webq 141. †M․Y gyL¨
106. K`vwPr mve©ÿwYK 142. MÖnY eR©b/ wemR©b
143. MÖvg¨ kû‡i
107. Kwbô †R¨ô
108. 144. NvZ cÖwZNvZ
KcU AKcU
109. KK©k †Kvgj 145. N„Yv fv‡jvevmv
110. Kivj †m․g¨ 146. N„wYZ mgv`„Z
111. Kwo Kwok~b¨ 147. PÂj kvšÍ
112. K¬všÍ AK¬všÍ 148. PwiÎevb PwiÎnxb
113. Kvcyiæl mycyiæl 149. PovB DZivB
114. KzwUj mij 150. Pq AcPq
115. Kzrmv cÖksmv 151. PvjvK †evKv
116. Kzjxb AšÍ¨R 152. wPb¥q g„b¥q
117. KzrwmZ mykªx / my›ì 153. wPiKvj ÿYKvj
118. K…cY e`vb¨/ D`vi 154. wPivqZ ÿwYK
119. K…k ¯ ~j 155. †Pvi mvay
120. K…ò ïå/ïK¬ 156. †P․Km Avbvwo
121. †K․Z~njx wb¯ú„n 157. QÙ cÖK…Z
122. †K‡Rv A‡K‡Rv 158. Qvbv avwo
123. †µva cÖxwZ 159. Qvqv †i․`ª

160. R½g ¯ vei 196. `xN© n«¯^
161. RwUj mij 197. `xN©vqy ¯^ívqy
162. RbvKxY© wbR©b 198. `yišÍ kvšÍ
163. Riv †h․eb 199. `yM©g myMg
164. RvMÖZ NygšÍ 200. `yRb© m¾b
165. wRZ nvi 201. `y‡h©vM my‡hvM
166. wR›`vev` gy`v©ev` 202. `yj©f myjf
167. †Rvqvi fvUv 203. `y®K……wZ myK…wZ
168. SMov wgjb/fve 204. `yó wkó
169. Ávbx g~L© 205. `y¨‡jvK f~‡jvK
170. Svby KwP 206. `„k¨gvb A`„k¨
171. UvUKv evwm 207. `„p wkw_j
172. wUjv L›` 208. †`bv cvIbv
173. VKv †RZv 209. †è/ †èZv `vbe/ •`Z¨
174. Vyb‡Kv gReyZ 210. •`b¨ cÖvPzh©
175. WvMi †QvU 211. abx Mixe
176. WyešÍ fvmšÍ 212. aej K…ò
177. Z›`ªv RvMiY 213. aŸsm m„wó
178. Zb¥q gb¥q 214. a~Z© †evKv
179. Zß kxZj 215. a„Z gy³
180. Z¡wiZ kø_ 216. a„ó bgª
181. Zvc wbiæËvc 217. bMY¨ MY¨
182. ZvgwmK mvwË¡K 218. bexb cÖexb
183. ZviæY¨ eva©K¨ 219. bk¦i Awebk¦i
184. wZ³ wgó 220. bk¦i kvk¦Z
185. wZwgi Av‡jvK 221. bvw¯ÍK Avw¯ÍK
186. wZi¯‥vi cyi¯‥vi 222. wbMÖn AbyMÖn
187. Zxÿè †fuvZv 223. wb`ªv RvMiY
188. Zxeª g„`y 224. wbw`ªZ RvMÖZ
189. Zzwnb DËvc/Dò 225. wbw›`Z bw›`Z
190. Z¨vR¨ MÖvn¨ 226. wb›`yK ¯ÍveK
191. `ÿ A`ÿ 227. wbgxwjZ Db¥xwjZ
192. `qvjy wb`©q 228. wbiÿi mvÿi
193. `vZv MÖnxZv 229. wbR©b RbvKxY©
194. `vi/`viv ¯^vgx 230. wbe©vK mevK
195. 231. wbj©¾ mj¾
wèv wbwk
232. wbwl× wm×

233. wb®K…wZ eÜb 269. evûj¨ ¯^íZv/ ms‡ÿc
234. wbõj mdj 270. weÁ AÁ
235. wbqZ AwbqZ 271. weØvb g~L©
236. b~¨b Ab~¨b 272. webxZ `ywe©bxZ
237. c_ wec_ 273. wec` wbivc`
238. ciKxq ¯^Kxq 274. wecbœ wbivc`
239. cvwZQvMj ivgQvMj 275. wei³ Abyi³
240. cviwÎK HwnK 276. weij Aweij/eûj
241. cyY¨ cvc 277. wejw¤^Z Z¡ivwš^Z
242. cyi¯‥vi wZi¯‥vi 278. we‡kølY ms‡kølY
243. cÖ”Qbœ cÖKU 279. wel gay
244. cÖwZ‡hvMx mn‡hvMx 280. welv` nl©
245. cÖZ¨ÿ c‡ivÿ 281. wemR©b MÖnY
246. cÖZ¨c©Y Ac©Y 282. we¯Í…Z msKxY©
247. cÖej `ye©j 283. •ea A‣ea
248. cÖexY bexb 284. †evKv PvjvK
249. cÖjq m„Rb 285. e¨_© Ae¨_©
250. cÖkvwšÍ AkvwšÍ 286. e¨wó mgwó
251. cÖmbœ welYœ 287. e¨wóK mvgwóK
252. cÖ¯v  b cÖ‡ek 288. fr©mbv cÖksmv
289. fxiæ mvnmx
253. cÖvPx cÖZxPx
290. fyj wbf©yj
254. cÖvPxb bexb
291. f~Z fwel¨r
255. cÖvP¨ cÖZxP¨
256. cÖxwZ AcÖxwZ 292. f~wgKv Dcmsnvi
257. cÖxwZKi AcÖxwZKi 293. f~¯^vgx f~wgnxb
258. dZzi weËkvjx 294. †fvRb Dcevm
259. eb¨ M„ncvwjZ 295. †fuvZv aviv‡jv/†PvLv
260. eb¨v Liv 296. gË wbwj©ß
261. e›`bv wb›`v 297. g›`v Pv½v
262. eÜb gyw³ 298. giwg wbôzi
263. eÜzi mgZj / gm„Y 299. gm„Y Agm„Y
264. eiLv¯Í wb‡qvM / envj 300. gnr KzwUj/ nxb
265. evPvj g„`yfvlx 301. gvMbv kªgjä
266. evPvj ¯^ífvlx 302. gyLi †g․b
267. evP¨ evP¨vZxZ 303. gyLiZv †g․bZv
268. ev`x weev`x 304. gyL¨ †M․Y

305. g~Z© weg~Z© 334. mwÜ we‡”Q`
306. g~j¨ Ag~j¨ 335. mbœ¨vmx M„nx
307. g„`y cÖej 336. mevK wbe©vK
308. hk Achk 337. mgwó e¨wó
309. hvhvei M„nx 338. mvgwóK e¨wóK
310. hy³ wehy³/gy³ 339. mij RwUj
311. hyeK e„× 340. mim wbim
312. †h․eb eva©K¨ 341. mn‡hvMx cÖwZ‡hvMx
313. iZ weiZ 342. mskq wbtmskq
314. igYxq KzrwmZ 343. ¯ÍveK wb›`yK/ wb›`K
315. wi³ c~Y© 344. wmœ» iæÿ
316. jwNô Mwiô 345. ¯úó A¯úó
317. jNy ¸iæ / Zxeª 346. ¯^Kxq ciKxq
318. jvf †jvKmvb 347. ¯^M© biK
319. wjß wbwj©ß 348. mvÿi wbiÿi
320. †jL¨ K_¨ 349. mv`„k¨ •emv`„k¨
321. †jvf wb‡jv©f 350. myK…wZ `y®K…wZ
322. kÎæ wgÎ 351. my›ì Amy›ì
323. ke©ix wèm 352. my‡hvM `y‡h©vM
324. kv³ Akv³ 353. mykxj `ytkxj
325. wkó `yó/Awkó 354. m~² ¯  ~j
326. ïK¬ K…ò 355. m„wó aŸsm
327. ï®‥ wm³ 356. †m․g¨ A‡m․g¨
328. †k․wLb †ckv`vi 357. niY c~iY
329. †k¦Z K…ò 358. nl© welv`
330. kª×v Akª×v 359. nvjKv fvix
331. mÂq AcPq 360. ü`¨Zv KcUZv
332. mì A›ì 361. n«¯^ `xN©
333. mÜ¨v mKvj 362. n«vm e„w×

cvwifvwlK kã
cÖkœ : cvwifvwlK kã Kv‡K e‡j ?
DËi : welqwfwËK wewkó A_©ÁvcK kã‡K cvwifvwlK kã e‡j| A_©vr †Kvb wbw`©ó wel‡q we‡kl A‡_©
eëüZ kã¸‡jvB n‡jv cvwifvwlK kã| †hgb Ñ msMx‡Zi †ÿ‡Î D`viv, gy`viv, Zviv, mßK, VvU, ivM,
Zvj, jq, †ZnvB wKsev c`v_© weÁv‡bi †ÿ‡Î fi, †eM, MwZ, Z¡iY BZ¨vw` kã¸‡jvB cvwifvwlK kã|
Z‡e, Avgv‡ì D”P gva¨wgK †kªYxi e¨vKiY As‡k †h cvwifvwlK kã cvV¨m~wPfy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv‡K
A‡bKUv Bs‡iwR k‡ãi evsjvKiY ev evsjv Abyev`B ejv P‡j|
cÖkœ : cvwifvwlK k‡ãi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : c„w_exi †Kv‡bv fvlvB GKKfv‡e ¯^qsm¤ú~Y© bq| ZvB cÖwZwU RvwZB Zv‡ì fvlv‡K mg„× Kivi Rb¨
wfbœ wfbœ fvlv †_‡K wKQz bv wKQz kã msMÖn K‡i wb‡R‡ì kãfvÐvi mg„× K‡i _v‡K| Gw`K †_‡K evsjv
fvlvI e¨wZµg bq| Ávb-weÁv‡bi wewfbœ kvLvq we‡kl aviYv ev e¯‧‡K wb‡`©k Kivi Rb¨ evsjv fvlv‡ZI
GRvZxq we‡`wk fvlvi A‡bK kã cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| evsjv fvlvi Avw`c‡e© Gme aviYv ev e¯‧‡K wb‡`©k Kivi
g‡Zv †Zgb †Kv‡bv kã wQj bv| ZvB cieZ©xKv‡j Zrmg, Aa© Zrmg Z™¢e Avi we‡`wk k‡ãi cvkvcvwk
†ek wKQz beMwVZ kã G‡m GB cÖ‡qvRb c~iY K‡i‡Q| G‡ì †ek wKQy k‡ãi evsjv cÖwZkã _vK‡jI
Kwgkbvi, cywjk wKsev Kw¤úDUv‡ii g‡Zv Ggb A‡bK kã i‡q‡Q †h¸‡jvi †Zgb †Kv‡bv evsjv cÖwZkã
†bB, wKsev _vK‡jI Zv nq †Zv kÖæwZgayi, mnR‡eva¨ ev eënvi Dc‡hvMx bq| ZvB Gme aviYv cÖKvk
Ki‡Z wKsev e¯‧‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z evsjv fvlvq cvwifvwlK k‡ãi h‡_ó cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q| GQvov, A‡bK
†ÿ‡ÎB evsjv ev‡Kï †fZi mivmwi Gme cvwifvwlK kã eënvi K‡i evK¨‡K kÖæwZgayi Ges mnR‡eva¨
Kiv hvq| Gw`K †_‡KI evsjv evK¨ MV‡b cvwifvwlK kã h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|
 ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cvwifvwlK kãvewj

cÖ`Ë kã evsjv iƒc
1. Abbreviation (A¨vweªwf‡qkb) mswÿß / ms‡ÿcY
2. Abolition (A¨v‡evwjkb) we‡jvc
3. Aboroginal (A¨v‡ev‡ivwRbj) Avwèvmx
4. Absence (A¨ve‡mÝ) Abycw¯ wZ
5. Absent (A¨ve‡m›U) Abycw¯ Z
6. Abstract (A¨ve÷ª¨v±) weg~Z©
7. Academic (A¨vKv‡WwgK) cÖvwZôvwbK
8. Academic year (A¨vKv‡WwgK Bqvi) wkÿv-el©
9. Acid (A¨vwmW) A¤ø
10. Account (A¨vKvD›U) wnmve

11. Accountant (A¨vKvD›U¨v›U) wnmveiÿK
12. Accounting (A¨vKvDw›Us) wnmveiÿY
13. Acknowledgement (A¨vKbwjR‡g›U) cÖvwß¯^xKvi, ¯^xK…wZ, K…ZÁZv¯^xKvi
14. Acting (A¨vKwUs) fvicÖvß
15. Acting Editor (A¨vKwUs GwWUi) fvicÖvß m¤úv`K
16. Address (A¨v‡Wªm) wVKvbv, e³„Zv, fvlY, m‡¤^vab ixwZ
17. Addressee (A¨v‡Wªwm) cÖvcK, DwÏó
18. Address of welcome (A¨v‡Wªm Ae I‡qjKvg) ¯^vMZ fvlY, Awfb›`bcÎ
19. Ad-hoc (A¨vW nK) AbvbyôvwbK, Z`_©K
20. Admission (A¨vWwgkb) fwZ©
21. Admit card (A¨vWwgU KvW©) cÖ‡ek cÎ
22. Administration (A¨vWwgwb‡÷ªkb) cÖkvmb
23. Administrator (A¨vWwgwb‡÷ªUi) cÖkvmK
24. Adult (A¨vWvë) cÖvß eq¯‥
25. Adult education (A¨vWvë GWy‡Kkb) eq¯‥ wkÿv
26. Advance (A¨vWfvÝ) AwMÖg
27. Advice (A¨vWfvBm) Dc‡`k
28. Advise (A¨vWfvBR) civgk©, Dc‡`k
29. Adviser (A¨vWfvBRvi) Dc‡`óv
30. Affidavit (A¨vwd‡WwfU) njdbvgv, kc_cÎ
31. Agency (G‡RwÝ) AbymsMVb
32. Agenda (A¨v‡RÛv) Av‡jvP¨m~wP
33. Agent (G‡R›U) cÖwZwbwa
34. Agrement (A¨vwMÖ‡g›U) Pzw³cÎ
35. Aid (GBW) mvnvh¨
36. Airconditioned (Gqvi KwÛkb&W) kxZvZc wbqwš¿Z
37. Air Hostess (Gqvi †nv‡÷R) wegvbevjv
38. Air-mail (Gqvi †gBj) wegvbWvK
39. Alliance (A¨vjvqvÝ) •gÎx‡RvU, ‣gÎxeÜb
40. Allotment (A¨vjU‡g›U) eivÏ
41. Allowance (A¨vjvDÝ) fvZv
42. Ambasador (A¨vge¨vm¨vWi) ivóª`~Z
43. Amendment (A¨v‡gÛ‡g›U) ms‡kvab

44. Appendix (A¨v‡cbwW·) cwiwkó
45. Appointment (A¨vcq›U‡g›U) wb‡qvM
46. Approve (A¨vcÖyf) Aby‡gv`b
47. Architect (AviwK‡U±) ¯ cwZ
48. Architecture (AviwK‡UKPvi) ¯ vcZ¨
49. Article (AviwUKj) Aby‡”Q`, `dv, wbeÜ
50. Assembly (A¨v‡mgweø) cwil`
51. Asylum (A¨v‡mBjvg) Avkªg
52. Atom (A¨vUg) cigvYy
53. Attested (A¨v‡U‡÷U) mZ¨vwqZ, cÖZ¨vwqZ
54. Audit (IwWU) wbixÿv
55. Author (I_vi) †jLK
56. Authority (I_wiwU) KZ©„cÿ
57. Autograph (I‡UvMÖvd) ¯^vÿi, ¯^‡jLb
58. Autonomous (I‡Uv‡bvgvm) ¯^vqËkvwmZ
59. Award (A¨vIqvW©) cyi¯‥vi
60. Back ground (e¨vKMÖvDÛ) cUf~wg
61. Bacteria (e¨vK‡Uwiqv) RxevYy
62. Bad coin (e¨vW K‡qb) Rvj gy`ªv
63. Badge (e¨vR) cwiPq wPý
64. Bail (†eBj) Rvwgb
65. Balance (e¨vjvÝ) DØ„Ë
66. Ballot paper (e¨vjU‡ccvi) †fvUcÎ
67. Ban (e¨vb) wbwl×
68. Bandage (e¨vwÛR) cwÆ
69. Banker (e¨vsKvi) e¨vsK Kg©KZ©v
70. Bankrupt (e¨vsµvÞ) †`Dwjqv
71. Basic (†ewmK) g~j
72. Basic pay (†ewmK †c) g~j †eZb
73. Bearer (weqvivi) evnK
74. Bench (†eb&P) GRjvm
75. Bibliography (weewjIMÖvwd) MÖš cwÄ, iPbvcwÄ
76. Biography (ev‡qvMÖvwd) Rxebx
77. Bio-data (ev‡qvW¨vUv) Rxebe„ËvšÍ

78. Blue print (eøy wcÖ›U) bxj bKkv
79. Board (†evW©) cwil`
80. Bond (eÛ) gyP‡jKv
81. Bookpost (eyK †cv÷) †LvjvWvK
82. Boycott (eqKU) eR©b
83. Boyscout (eq¯‥vDU) eªZxevjK
84. Brand (eª¨vÛ) Qvc
85. Break of study (†eªK Ae ÷vwW) cvVweiwZ
86. Broker (†eªvKvi) `vjvj
87. Budget (ev‡RU) ev‡RU, Avq-e¨q
88. Bureau(ey¨‡iv) ms¯ v
89. Bureaucracy (ey¨‡iv‡µwm) AvgjvZš¿
90. By law (evB j) Dcaviv
91. Cabinet (K¨vwe‡bU) gwš¿cwil`
92. Cable (K¨vej) Zvi
93. Calendar (K¨v‡jÛvi) el©cwÄ
94. Calender (K¨v‡jÛvi) Bw¯¿
95. Camp (K¨v¤ú) wkwei
96. Campus (K¨v¤úvm) A½b
97. Capacity (K¨vcvwmwU) ÿgZv
98. Capital (K¨vwcUvj) cuywR, g~jab, ivRavbx
99. Caption (K¨vckb) cwiPq-bvg, K¨vckb
100. Carbon-di-Oxide (Kve©b-WvB-A·vBW) A½vi A¤øRvb
101. Cargo (Kv‡M©․) Rvnv‡Ri †evSvB gvj
102. Cartoon (KvU©yb) e¨½wPÎ
103. Caretaker (†Kqvi‡UKvi) ZË¡veavqK
104. Catalogue (K¨vUvjM) ZvwjKv, MÖš  ZvwjKv
105. Category (K¨vUvMwi) ch©vq
106. Cell (†mj) †Kvl, AYyKÿ
107. Census (†mÝvm) Av`gïgvwi
108. Century (†mÂzwi) kZvãx
109. Cheque (†PK) ûwÐ
110. Chief (wPd) cÖavb, gyL¨
111. Chancellor (P¨v‡Ýji) AvPvh©

112. Circulation (mviwKD‡jBkb) cÖPvi
113. Civil war (wmwfj Iqvi) M„nhy×
114. Vice Chancellor (fvBm P¨v‡Ýji) DcvPvh©
115. Code (†KvW) ms‡KZ
116. Coldstorage (†Kvì †÷v‡iR) wngvMvi, wngNi
117. Colony (K‡jvwb) Dcwb‡ek
118. Collection (Kv‡jKkb) Av`vq, msMÖn
119. College (KwjR) gnvwe`¨vjq
120. Conduct (KÛv±) AvPiY
121. Confidence (Kbwd‡WÝ) Av¯ v
122. Constitution (KÝwUwUDkb) msweavb,kvmbZš¿,MVbZš¿
123. Convener (Kb‡fbi) AvnŸvqK
124. Co-ordination (†Kv-AwW©‡bBkb) mgš^qmvab
125. Copy (Kwc) cÖwZwjwc
126. Copy right (KwcivBU) MÖš ¯Z^ ¡, †jLv¯^Z¡
127. Cordon (KW©b) †eówb
128. Council (KvDwÝj) cwil`
129. Crown (µvDb) gyKzU
130. Custom (Kv÷g) cÖ_v, Avg`vwb-ißvwb ïé
131. Data (†WUv) Z_¨, DcvË
132. Debenture (wW‡eÂvi) FYcÎ
133. Deduction (wWWvKkb) n«vm
134. Deed (wWW) `wjj
135. Deed of gift (wWW Ae wMd&U) `vbcÎ
136. Defence (wW‡dÝ) cÖwZiÿv
137. Delegate (†Wwj‡MBU) cÖwZwbwa
138. Demonstrator (†Wgb&m&‡UªBUi) cÖ`k©K
139. Deposit (wW‡cvwRU) AvgvbZ
140. Deputation (†WwcD‡Ukb) †cÖlY, cÖwZwbwaZ¡
141. Deputy (†WcywU) Dc
142. Diagnosis (WvqvM‡bvwmm) †ivM wbY©q
143. Dialect (WvBqv‡j±) Dialect
Dcfvlv
144. Diplomacy (wW‡cøv‡gwm) K‚UbxwZ
145. Diplomat (wW‡cøv‡gU) K‚UbxwZK

146. Diplomatic (wW‡cøv‡gwUK) K‚U‣bwZK
147. Discharge (wWmPvR©) eiLv¯Í
148. Discount (wWmKvD›U) evÆv
149. Distain (wWm‡UBb) †µvK/Rã
150. Dividend (wWwf‡WÛ) jf¨vsk
151. Donate (†Wv‡bU) `vb Kiv
152. Donation (†Wv‡bBkb) Aby`vb
153. Donor (†Wvbvi) `vZv
154. Dowry (WvDwi) †h․ZzK
155. Due (wWD) e‡Kqv / evwK / wbw`©ó
156. Dynamic (WvBb¨vwgK) MwZkxj
157. Editor (GwWUi) m¤úv`K
158. Editorial (GwWUwiqvj) m¤úv`Kxq
159. Embargo (Bgevi‡M․) wb‡lavÁv / Ae‡iva
160. Emigration (Gwg‡MÖBkb) cÖevmb / †`kvšÍi
161. Employee (Ggcøwq) Kg©Pvix
162. Energy (GbvwR©) kw³
163. Enquiry (Bb‡Kvqvwi) AbymÜvb, Z`šÍ
164. Equation (B‡Kv‡qBRb) mgxKiY
165. Ethics (Gw_K&m) bxwZwe`¨v
166. Examinar (BMRvwgbvi) cixÿK
167. Exchange (B·‡PBÄ) wewbgq / Av`vb-cÖ`vb
168. Excuse (B·wKDR) ARynvZ
169. Expert (G·cvU©) `ÿ
170. Express (B·‡cÖm&) e¨³
171. Extra (G·Uªv) AwZwi³
172. Eye-wash (AvBIqvk) †auvKv
173. Fact (d¨v±) NUbv, Z_¨
174. Faculty (d¨vKvwë) Abyl`
175. Fiction (wdKkb) K_vmvwnZ¨
176. File (dvBj) bw_
177. Finance (dvBb¨vÝ) A_©
178. Fine arts (dvBb AvU©m) PviæKjv

179. Floor (†d¬vi) †g‡S
180. Folio (dwjI) cvZv, cÎ
181. Follow up (d‡jvAvc) AbymiY Kiv
182. Forecast (†dviKv÷) c~e©vfvm
183. Foreword (d‡ivqvW©) AMÖMwZ
184. Fund (dvÛ) Znwej
185. Function (dvO&Kk & b) Kg©, ag©
186. Fundamental (dvÛv‡g›Uj) †g․wjK
187. Funeral (wdDb¨vivj) †klK…Z¨
188. Galaxy (M¨vjvw·) Qvqvc_
189. Gazetted (M¨v‡R‡UW) †NvwlZ
190. Germ (Rvg) RxevYy
191. Geology (wR‡qvjwR) f~ÑZË¡
192. Global (†Møvevj) wek¦e¨vcx / •ewk¦K
193. Globalization (†MøvevjvB‡Rkb) wek¦vqb
194. Godown (†MvWvDb) ¸`vg
195. Goodwill (¸WDBj) mybvg
196. Graduate (MÖ¨vRy‡qU) mœvZK
197. Grant (MÖ¨v›U) gÄywi, Aby`vb
198. Graph (MÖvd) wPÎ, †jL
199. Gratuity (MÖ¨vwUD‡qwU) Avby‡ZvwlK
200. Green-room (wMÖbiæg) mvRNi
201. Gross income (†MÖ․m BbKvg) †gvU Avq
202. Gunny (Mvwb) PU
203. Hand-bill (n¨vÛwej) weÁwß
204. Home ministry (†nvgwgwbw÷ª) ¯îvóª gš¿Yvjq
205. Hawker (nKvi) †dwiIqvjv
206. Hood (ûW) g¯ÍKveiY/ XvKbv
207. Hostage (nw÷R) wRw¤§
208. Hostile (n÷vBj) kÎæcÿxq, kÎæfvevcbœ, •eix
209. Hypocrisy (wncµ¨vwm) fÐvwg
210. Immigrant (BwgMÖv›U) Awfevmx
211. Immigration (Bwg‡MÖBkb) Awfevmb

212. Income Tax (BbKvg U¨v·) AvqKi
213. Idiom (BwWqvg) evMaviv
214. Index (Bb‡W·) m~wPcÎ
215. Injunction (BbRv¼kb) ¯ wMZv‡`k/ gyjZwe
216. Inquiry (Bb‡Kvqvwi) AbymÜvb/ Z`šÍ/ wRÁvmv
217. Inspection (BÝ‡cKkb) cwi`k©b
218. Internal (B›Uvibvj) Af¨šÍixY
219. Interpreter (B›UviwcÖUvi) †`vfvlx
220. Interim (B›U¨vwig) gaëZ©xKvjxb
221. Intervew (B›UviwfD) mvÿvrKvi
222. Investigation (Bm‡fw÷‡MBkb) Z`šÍ
223. Investment (Bb‡f÷‡g›U) wewb‡qvM
224. Invigilator (BbwfwR‡jUi) cÖZ¨‡eÿK
225. Irrigation (Bwi‡Mkb) †mP
226. Issue (Bï) msL¨v / cÖKvkbv
227. Journal (Rvb©vj) cwÎKv
228. Judge (RvR) wePviK
229. Justice (Rvm&wUm) b¨vqwePvi, wePvicwZ
230. Key-Word (Kx IqvW©) g~jkã
231. Kit box (wKU e·) UzwKUvwKi ev·
232. Ledger Book (†jRvi eyK) LwZqvb eB
233. Leaflet (wjdwjU) cÖPvi cÎ
234. Leap year (wjc Bqvi) Awael©
235. Lease (wjm) BRviv
236. Legal Adviser (wjM¨vj GWfvBRvi) AvBbvbyM Dc‡`óv
237. Legend (wj‡RÛ) wKse`wšÍ/DcK_v
238. Library (jvBeªvwi) MÖš vMvi
239. Lien (wj‡qb) c~e©¯Z^ ¡
240. Limitation (wjwg‡Ukb) mxgve×Zv
241. Limited (wjwg‡UW) mxwgZ
242. Literature (wjUv‡iPvi) mvwnZ¨
243. Mandate (g¨v‡ÛU) AvÁv
244. Manifesto (†gwb‡d‡÷v) †NvlYvcÎ / Bk‡Znvi

245. Manuscript (g¨vwbDm&wµÞ) cvÐywjwc
246. Marketing (gv‡K©wUs) wecYb
247. Mass Media (gvm wgwWqv) MYgva¨g
248. Mayor (†gqi) †gqi, bMicvj
249. Memorandum (†gg‡i¨vÛvg) ¯§viKwjwc
250. Mercury (gvwK©Dwi) cvi`
251. Method (†g_W) c×wZ
252. Millennium (wgwjwbqvg) mnmªvã
253. Multination (gvwë‡bkb) eûRvwZK
254. Mythology (wg_jwR) cyivYZË¡/†c․ivwYK ZË¡
255. National Assembly (b¨vkbvj G‡mgweø) RvZxq msm`
256. Nationalization (b¨vkbvjvB‡Rkb) RvZxqKiY
257. Nationality (b¨vkbvwjwU) RvZxqZv
258. Note (†bvU) gšÍe¨/UxKv
259. Notary Public (†bvUvwi cvewjK) †jL¨ cÖgvYK
260. Notice (†bvwUk) weÁwß
261. Notice Board (†bvwUk †evW©) weÁwß djK
262. Notification cÖÁvcb
263. Nutrition (wbDwUªkb) cywó
264. Nursery (bvm©vwi) wkïkvjv, Ziækvjv
265. Obedient (AwewWq¨v›U) eva¨MZ
266. Occupation (AwKD‡ckb) e„wË, †ckv
267. Officebearer (Awdm †eqvivi) Kg©Pvix
268. Option (Ackb) B”Qv
269. Optional (Ackbvj) Hw”QK
270. Ordinance (AwW©b¨vÝ) Aa¨v‡`k
271. Oxygen (Aw·‡Rb) A¤øRvb
272. Package (c¨vwKR) †gvoK
273. para (c¨viv) Aby‡”Q`
274. Parasite (c¨vivmvBU) ciMvQv
275. Parliament (cvj©v‡g›U) msm`
276. Passport (cvm‡cvU©) QvocÎ
277. Paybill (†cwej) †eZb cÎ, †eZb wej

278. Phonetics (dwbwU·) aŸwbZË¡
279. Pollution (cwjDkb) `~lY
280. Principal (wcÖwÝcj) Aa¨ÿ
281. Principle (wcÖwÝcj) g~jbxwZ
282. Protocol (†cÖv‡UvKj) †m․Rb¨wewa
283. Provision (cÖwfRb&) cÖ¯w‧ Z, †hvMvb, ms¯ vb
284. Publication (cvewj‡Kkb) cÖKvkbv
285. Public works (cvewjK IqvK©m) MYc~Z©
286. Quarantine (Kzqvivw›Ub) m½‡iva
287. Reform (wi‡dvg©) cybM©Vb
288. Regiment (†iwRg¨v›U) K‡Y©‡ji †bZ…Z¡vaxb †mbv`j
289. Registration (†iwR‡÷ªkb) wbeÜb
290. Renew (wiwb¨D) bevqb
291. Republic (wicvewjK) cÖRvZš¿
292. Rank (i¨v¼) c`we
293. Ratio (†iwkI) AbycvZ
294. Routine (iæwUb) wbN©È/wbZ¨µg
295. Sabotage (m¨vevUvR) AšÍN©vZ
296. Salary (m¨vjvwi) †eZb
297. Sanction (m¨v¼kb) eivÏ/Aby‡gv`b/gÄyi
298. Satellite (m¨v‡UjvBU) DcMÖn
299. Saving Certificate (†mwfs mvwU©wd‡KU) mÂqcÎ
300. Scheme (w¯‥g) cwiKí
301. Seaport (wm‡cvU©) mgy`ª e›ì
302. Secondary (†m‡KÛvwi) gva¨wgK
303. Sluice gate (¯øyBm †MBU) wbqš¿Y dUK
304. Sovereignty (mfwiw›U) mve©‡f․gZ¡
305. Specialist (†¯úkvwj÷) we‡klÁ
306. Specimen (†¯úwmwgb) bgybv
307. Sponsor (¯úÝi) LiP cÖ`vb/†m․Rb¨
308. Sponsor (¯úÝi) †cvlK
309. Stipend (÷vB‡cÛ) e„wË
310. Sublet (mve‡jU) Dcfvov

311. Subsidy (mvem¨vwW) fZzw© K
312. Surrender (mv‡iÛvi) mgc©Y
313. Theory (w_qwi) ZË¡
314. Termination (Uviwg‡bBkb) Aemvb / ewn®‥vi
315. Terminology (UviwgbjwR) cwifvlv
316. Therapy (†_ivwc) cÖwµqv
317. Ultimatum (AvjwU‡gBUvg) PigcÎ
318. Union (BDwbqvb) msN
319. Up-to-date (Avc U †WBU) nvjbvMv`
320. Urbanization (Ave©vbvB‡RBkb) bMivqb
321. Vacancy (†fBKvb&wm) Lvwj
322. Vacation (f¨v‡KBkb) AeKvk
323. Valid (f¨vwjW) •ea
324. Vehicle (wfnK&j) hvb
325. Venue (†fwb¨D) ¯ vb
326. Via (fvBqv) gva¨g
327. Vice chairman (fvBm †Pqvig¨vb) mnmfvcwZ
328. Viva voce (fvBfv †f․wm) †g․wLK cixÿv
329. Vocation (†f․‡KBkb) e„wË
330. Vocational (†f․‡KBkbvj) e„wËg~jK
331. walk out (I‡qvK AvDU) mfv eR©b
332. War-crime (IqviµvBg) hy×vciva
333. Weekly (DBKwj) mvßvwnK
334. White paper (†nvqvBU †ccvi) †k¦ZcÎ
335. Will (DBj) B”Qv
336. Willpower (DBjcvIqvi) B”Qvkw³
337. Worship (Iiwkc) c~Rv
338. X-ray (G·-†i) iÄbiwk¥
339. Year Book (Bqvi eyK) el©cwÄ
340. Zone (†R․b&) AÂj
341. Zonal (†Rvbvj) AvÂwjK
342. Zoo (Ry) wPwoqvLvbv

Y-Z¡ weavb
 Y-Z¡ weavb : Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b ÔYÕ eënv‡ii mwVK wbqg‡KB Y-Z¡ weavb e‡j| G weavb Abyhvqx ÔYÕ
eënv‡ii †ÿÎ¸‡jv wb‡P wPwýZ Kiv n‡jvÑ
1. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b F I F-Kv‡ii ci mvaviYZ g~a©b¨-Y nq| †hgb: FY, Z…Y, g„Yvj, N„Yv BZ¨vw`|
2. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b i, †id I i-djvi ci mvaviYZ g~a©b¨-Y nq| †hgb: KviY, aviY, giY, KY©, P~Y©,
`xY©, cY©, NÖvY, cÖYq, eªY, hš¿Yv BZ¨vw`|
3. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b l-Gi ci mvaviYZ g~a©b¨-Y nq| †hgb: Nl©Y, el©Y, `~lY, fxlY, lÐ, lÐvgK© BZ¨vw`|
4. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b ÿ-Gi ci mvaviYZ g~a©b¨-Y nq| †hgb: ÿY, ÿwYK, ÿxY, ÿzYœ BZ¨vw`|
5. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b U-eM©xq e‡Y©i mv‡_ hy³e¨Äb wn‡m‡e me mgq ÔYÕ e‡m| †hgb : KÈK, NÈv, KÉ,
jyÉb, VvÐv BZ¨vw`|
6. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b DËi, ci, cvi, iex›`ª ,P›`ª Ges bvi-kã¸‡jvi c‡i ÔAqbÕ hy³ n‡j mvwaZ k‡ã
Ô`šÍ¨-bÕ Ôg~a©b¨-YÕ†Z iƒcvšÍi nq| †hgb: DËi+Aqb=DËivqY, bvi+Aqb=bvivqY,
ci+Aqb=civqY BZ¨vw`|
7. F-Kvi, i-djv, i, l ev ÿ-Gi ci hw` h, q, n A_ev K-eM©xq (K L M N O), c-eM©xq (c, d, e, f, g)
ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ¯îaŸwb _v‡K Z‡e Zvi c‡i mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-YÕ nq| †hgb : K…cY, M„wnYx, †ivcY, civqY,
AMÖnvqY BZ¨vw`|
 e¨wZµg : Mixqvb, el©xqvb, kªxgvb |
 Ggb wKQz kã Av‡Q †hLv‡b ¯^fveZB g~a©b¨-Y e‡m| G¸‡jv †Kvb wbqg AbymiY K‡i bv| G RvZxq
kã¸‡jv g‡b ivLvi Rb¨ GKwU PgrKvi Qov i‡q‡Q| QovwU wb‡P D×„Z n‡jv :
PvYK¨ gvwYK¨ MY evwYR¨ jeY gY
†eYy exYv K¼Y KwYKv
Kj¨vY †kvwYZ gwY ¯ vYy MyY cyY¨ †eYx
dYx AYy wecwY MwYKv|
AvcY jveY¨ evYx wbcyY fwYZv cvwY
†M․Y †KvY fvY cY kvY
wP°Y wb°Y Z~Y K‡dvwY ewYK MyY
MYbv wcYvK cY¨ evY|
 [ÔÿÕ g~jZ evsjv eY© bq| GwU K Ges l Gi hy³ iƒc| ZvB Gi Af¨šÍ‡i ÔlÕ _vKvi Kvi‡YB Gi c‡i
g~a©b¨-Y eëüZ nq]
 wb‡Pi QovwU †_‡K Y-Z¡ weav‡bi GKwU wbqg g‡b ivLv mnR nq :
FKvi iKvi lKv‡ii ci
bKvi hw` _v‡K;
Lu¨vP K‡i Zvi KvUe gv_v
†Kvb& evc Zv‡i iv‡L|
[ bKvi (b)-Gi gv_v KvUv gv‡b gvÎv bv-†Ìqv, Avi Zvi A_©B nj g~a©b¨-Y ]

 we‡kl ÁvZe¨
1. cÖ, cwi, wbi DcmM©¸‡jvi c‡i mvaviYZ ÔYÕ eëüZ nq| †hgb: cÖYvg, cÖYq, cwiYq, cwiYwZ, wbY©q
BZ¨vw`| (AwZwi³)
2. hy³e¨Ä‡bi †ÿ‡Î Z, _, `, a-GB PviwU e‡Y©i m‡½ me mgq ÔbÕ eëüZ nq| †hgb: AšÍ, KvšÍ, cÖvšÍ,
cš v, A›ì, L›`, MÖš , µ›`b BZ¨vw`|
3. we‡`wk kã, wµqvc` ev bv‡gi evbv‡bi †ÿ‡Î KL‡bv ÔYÕ nq bv| A_©vr GmKj †ÿ‡Î Ôg~a©b¨-YÕ bv
n‡q Ô`šÍ¨-bÕ eëüZ nq| †hgbÑ Mfb©i, wb‡”Qb, wb‡ik BZ¨vw`|
4. mgvme× c‡` mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-YÕ bv n‡q Ô`šÍ¨-bÕ nq| †hgb: wÎbqb, me©bvg, `yb©xwZ, `yb©vg BZ¨vw`|
5. A-Zrmg k‡ã (A_©vr Z™¢e k‡ã) me©`v `šÍ¨-b nq| †hgb : Sibv, cyivb (cyivZb), aib BZ¨vw`|
cÖkœ : Y-Z¡ weavb ej‡Z Kx eyS? D`vniYmn Y-Z¡ weav‡bi cuvPwU wbqg †jL|
DËi: evsjv fvlvi Zrmg k‡ã ÔYÕ eënv‡ii mwVK wbqg‡K Y-Z¡ weavb e‡j| wb‡P Y-Z¡ weav‡bi 5wU wbqg D‡jøL
Kiv n‡jvÑ
1. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b F, i, l I ÿÑ Gi ci mvaviYZ ÔYÕ eëüZ nq| †hgb: FY, iY, niY, el©Y, AvKl©Y,
jÿY, fÿY BZ¨vw`|
2. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b U eMx©q hy³e‡Y©i †ÿ‡Î mvaviYZ ÔYÕ eëüZ nq| †hgb: KÈK, eÈb, jyÉb,
Ae¸Éb, `Ð, fÐ, fvÐvi, LÐ, LÐb BZ¨vw`|
3. F-Kvi, †id, ev i-djvi ci mvaviYZ ÔYÕ eëüZ nq| †hgb: KY©, eY©, ÎvY, cÖvY, Z…Y BZ¨vw`|
4. F-Kvi, i-djv, i, l ev ÿ-Gi ci hw` K ev c-eM©xq †Kv‡bv eY© A_ev h, q, n ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv
¯îaŸwb _v‡K Z‡e Zvi ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-YÕ nq| †hgb: M„wnYx, K…cY, †ivcY, civqY, AMÖnvqY
BZ¨vw`|
5. bvi, cvi, ci, ivg, iex›`ª BZ¨vw` k‡ãi ci ÔAqbÕ kã _vK‡j mvwaZ k‡ã ÔbÕ-Gi cwie‡Z© ÔYÕ nq|
†hgb: bvivqY, ivgvqY, civqY, iex›`ªvqY BZ¨vw`|

l-Z¡ weavb
 l-Z¡ weavb : Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b ÔlÕ eënv‡ii mwVK wbqg‡K l-Z¡ weavb e‡j| evsjv fvlvq k, l, m
_vKvi Kvi‡Y evbv‡bi †ÿ‡Î A‡bK mgq mgm¨vq co‡Z nq| l-Z¡ weav‡bi wbqg¸‡jv g‡b ivL‡j
Gme mgm¨v †_‡K mn‡RB iÿv cvIqv hvq|
 wbqgvewj
1. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b A, Av Qvov Ab¨ me ¯îe‡Y©i ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb : Bly, Clr,
Dò, Elv, Eli, Glv, GlY, HwlK, Iô, Jla BZ¨vw`|
2. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b Av-Kvi Qvov Ab¨ me Kv‡ii ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb : wRMxlv, fxlY,
mylg, f~lY, Zzlvi, †Øl, •eòe, †c․l BZ¨vw`|
3. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b †id ( )© , i-djv ( ª), A_ev i -Gi ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb: el©Y,
Kl©Y, gnw©l©, åó, åóv, †kªô, mªóv, ewilY BZ¨vw`|
4. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b F ev F-Kvi ( „ )-Gi ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb: Fwl, Flf, Z…òv,
`„óvšÍ, a„óZv BZ¨vw`|
5. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b U-eM©xq eY© we‡kl K‡i U I V eY© `ywUi mv‡_ hy³ Ae¯ vq memgq Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq|
†hgb: e„wó, m„wó, wgwó, wkó, Awbó, wewkó, Abyôvb, cÖwZôvb BZ¨vw`|
6. Zrmg k‡ã B-KvivšÍ (Awa, Awf, cÖwZ, cwi BZ¨vw`) Ges D-KvivšÍ (Aby, my BZ¨vw`) Dcm‡M©i ci
mvaviYZ g~a©b¨ ÔlÕ nq| †hgb : Awaôvb, Awf‡lK, cÖwZôvb, cwil`, Abyl`, Abyl½ BZ¨vw`|
7. m¤¢vlYm~PK k‡ãi †k‡l ÔAvmyÕ aŸwbi †ÿ‡Î ÔmÕ n‡jI ÔGlyÕ aŸwbi †ÿ‡Î mvaviYZ g~a©b¨- l nq|
†hgb : wcÖqe‡ily, myR‡bly, cÖxwZfvR‡bly, kªxPi‡Yly BZ¨vw`|
 we‡kl ÁvZe¨
1. we‡`wk k‡ãi †ÿ‡Î St D”PviY n‡j Ô÷Õ wjL‡Z n‡e| †hgb: †÷vi, †÷kb, ÷j, w÷j|
2. AZrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b KL‡bv ÔlÕ eëüZ nq bv| †hgb : †÷kb, ÷zwWI, ÷vU© BZ¨vw`|
3. Aviwe, dviwm, Bs‡iwR BZ¨vw` we‡`wk k‡ã KL‡bv g~a©b¨ ÔlÕ n‡e bv| Gme k‡ãi g~j D”PviY Abyhvqx
Ô`šÍ¨-mÕ A_ev ÔZvje¨ -kÕ n‡e| †hgb Ñ Aviwe : bKkv, gRwjm, dmj|
Bs‡iwR : Kwgkb, weªwUk, †gwkb, wm‡jevm| dvwm© : Lywk, †Lvk, Pkgv, iwm`, Lvbmvgv|
cÖkœ : l-Z¡ weavb ej‡Z Kx eyS? D`vniYmn l-Z¡ weav‡bi cuvPwU wbqg †jL|
DËi : evsjv fvlvi Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b ÔlÕ eënv‡ii mwVK wbqg‡K l-Z¡ weavb e‡j| wb‡P l-Z¡ weav‡bi
cvuPwU wbqg †jLv n‡jvÑ
1. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b A, Av Qvov Ab¨ me ¯îe‡Y©i ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb : Bly, Clr,
Dò, Elv, Eli, Glv, GlY, HwlK, Iô, Jla BZ¨vw`|
2. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b †id ( )© , i-djv ( ª), A_ev i -Gi ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb: el©Y,
Kl©Y, gnw©l©, åó, åóv, †kªô, mªóv, ewilY BZ¨vw`|
3. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b F ev F-Kvi ( „ )-Gi ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb: Fwl, Flf, Z…òv,
`„óvšÍ, a„óZv BZ¨vw`|
4. Zrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b U-eM©xq eY© we‡kl K‡i U I V eY© `ywUi mv‡_ hy³eY© wn‡m‡e memgq Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ
nq| †hgb: e„wó, m„wó, wgwó, wkó, Awbó, wewkó, Abyôvb, cÖwZôvb BZ¨vw`|
5. B ev D-KvivšÍ Dcm‡M©i ci mvaviYZ Ôg~a©b¨-lÕ nq| †hgb: Awaôvb, AwawôZ, Awf‡lK, cÖwZôvb,
cÖwZ‡laK, cwil`, Abyl`, Abyl½ BZ¨vw`|

evsjv evbvb
wbqg
 evsjv evbvb : †Kv‡bv †jLv ev iPbvi welq h‡Zv AvKl©Yxq ev Zvrch©c~Y©B †nvK bv †Kb, Zv‡Z eëüZ
k‡ãi evbvb hw` fyj wKsev ev‡Kï MVb hw` ÎæwUc~Y© nq, Z‡e †m †jLv cvVK‡K KL‡bvB AvKl©Y Ki‡Z
cv‡i bv; eis weiw³i D‡`ªK NUvq| G‡Z †jL‡Ki `ye©jZvI ¯úó n‡q I‡V| †Kv‡bv wKQy fy‡ji E‡aŸ© bv
n‡jI †mB fy‡ji Aek¨B GKUv gvÎv _vKv DwPZ| ZvB †Kv‡bv wKQz †jLvi c~‡e© Zvi ï×Zv m¤ú‡K©
†jLK‡K Aek¨B m‡PZb n‡Z n‡e| k‡ãi wbfy©j evbvb I iPbvixwZi Rb¨ GKRb wkÿv_©x‡K G msµvšÍ
e¨vKi‡Yi wbqg¸‡jv h_vh_fv‡e Rvb‡Z n‡e| Avi GUv Rvb‡Z cvi‡jB wbf©yj kã I ev‡Kï mgš^‡q
gvbm¤úbœ †jLv •Zwi Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| wkÿv_x©‡ì ï× †jLvi myweav‡_© wb‡P G msµvšÍ wKQz wbqg Zz‡j aiv
n‡jv:
 evbvb fy‡ji KviY : wb‡gœv³ KviY¸‡jvi R‡b¨B mvaviYZ G fyj¸‡jv n‡q _v‡K| Gme wel‡q mZK© _vK‡j
fvlvi wjwLZiƒ‡c A‡bKvs‡kB ï×Zv eRvq ivLv m¤¢e|
K. GKB aŸwbi Rb¨ GKvwaK eY© _vKvi Kvi‡YB (†hgb: B/C, D/E, b/ Y, R/h, Z/r, k/ m/ l, O/s) evsjv k‡ãi
evbv‡b †ewk fyj nq|
L. Y-Z¡ Ges l-Z¡ weavb bv Rvbvi Kvi‡YI A‡bK evbvb fyj nq|
M. DcmM©, mgvm, mwÜ I cÖZ¨q m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYvi Afv‡eI A‡bK evbvb fyj nq|
N. GKB ai‡bi GKvwaK e¨Äbe‡Y©i (†hgb: R/S, `/a, e/f i/o/p, m/l/k) cÖ‡qvM ixwZ m¤ú‡K© mwVK aviYv bv
_vKvi Kvi‡YI wKQz evbvb fyj nq|
O. m‡gv”PvwiZ k‡ãi A_©MZ weåvwšÍi Kvi‡YI wKQz evbvb fyj nq|
P. ev‡K¨ c`ms¯ vcb ixwZ wel‡q mwVK aviYvi Afv‡e A‡bK evK¨B fyj nq|
Q. mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkª‡Yi Kvi‡YI evK¨ ï× nq bv|
R. AvÂwjK D”Pvi‡Yi cÖfve Ges k‡ãi ï× D”PviY m¤ú‡K© AÁZvi Kvi‡YI evK¨ fyj n‡q _v‡K|
S. k‡ãi h_vh_ A_© m¤ú‡K© aviYv bv _vK‡j A‡bK mgq ev‡K¨ k‡ãi AccÖ‡qvM N‡U| we‡kl¨ ev we‡klY c`
wPwýZ Ki‡Z bv cvivq mvaviYZ G ai‡bi fyj nq|
T. cÖev` cÖeP‡bi weK…wZRwbZ Kvi‡YI A‡bK mgq evK¨ fyj nq|
k‡ãi evbvb I evK¨ MV‡bi †ÿ‡Î G fyj¸‡jvB Avgv‡ì Aïw×i g~j KviY| Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î evbvbRwbZ
fyj¸‡jvB †ewk nq| ZvB G welqwU g‡b †i‡L 1937 mv‡j KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq, 1988 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki
RvZxq wkÿvµg I cvV¨cy¯ÍK †evW© Ges 1991 mv‡j evsjv GKv‡Wgx evbvb ms¯‥v‡ii D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i| G‡ì
Øviv cÖYxZ wbqg †_‡K wKQy wbqg wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv :
1. evsjv fvlvq eëüZ ms¯‥…Z k‡ãi evbvb h_vh_ I AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡e|
2. †hme Zrmg k‡ã B, C ev D, E Dfq ï× †mme k‡ã †Kej ÔBÕ ev ÔDÕ Ges Zvi Kvi-wPý wn‡m‡e Ôw Õ I ÔyÕ
eëüZ n‡e| †hgb : cvwL, evwo, Pzb, cye BZ¨vw`|
3. †id [ © ] Gi ci e¨Äbe‡Y©i wØZ¡ n‡e bv| †hgb: AP©bv, Kvh©vjq, PP©v, •ah©, R`©v BZ¨vw`|
4. K, L, M, N c‡i _vK‡j c‡ì AšÍw¯ Z g& ¯ v‡b Aby¯^vi (s) wjL‡Z n‡e| †hgb: AnsKvi, fqsKi, msMxZ,
msNUb BZ¨vw`| Z‡e weK‡í O †jLv hv‡e| GQvov ÔÿÕ-Gi c~‡e© me©Î O n‡e| †hgb: AvKv•ÿv|

5. mKj A-Zrmg A_©vr Z™¢e, †`wk, we‡`wk Ges wgkª k‡ã †Kej B Ges D Ges G‡ì Kvi wPý wn‡m‡e Ôw Õ Ges
Ô yÕ eëüZ n‡e| ¯¿xevPK I RvwZevPK k‡ãi †ÿ‡ÎI GB wbqg cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e| †hgb : kvwo, Mvwo, wnw›`, Aviwe,
dviwm, Rvcvwb, Bs‡iwR BZ¨vw`|
6. ÔAvwjÕ cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ã me †ÿ‡ÎB B-Kvi n‡e| †hgb : eY©vwj, ¯^Y©vwj, wgZvwj, MxZvwj, †mvbvwj, iƒcvwj, †Lqvwj
BZ¨vw`|
7. me©bvg cìƒ‡c Ges we‡klY ev wµqv we‡klY cìƒ‡c ÔKxÕ kãwU C-Kvi w`‡q wjL‡Z n‡e| †hgb : Kx KiQ?
Kx Lv”Q? Kx Avb›`! Kx `yivkv!, Kx †kvfv !, Kx Qvqv !, Kx eo BZ¨vw`|
8. Ae¨q cìƒ‡c ÔwKÕ kãwU B-Kvi w`‡q wjL‡Z n‡e| †hgb :
fvZ †L‡q‡Qv wK? Zzwg wK Mvb MvB‡Z cvi? Avcwb hv‡eb wK?
9. k‡ãi †k‡l wemM© _vK‡e bv| †hgb: Kvh©Z, cÖavbZ, g~jZ BZ¨vw`|
10. nm&-wPý h_vm¤¢e eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb: g`, KvZ, dUdU, KjKj BZ¨vw`|
11. EaŸ©-Kgv h_vm¤¢e eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb: e‡j, Pvik, `yRb BZ¨vw`|
12. mgvme× c`¸‡jv GKm‡½ wjL‡Z n‡e, gvSLv‡b duvK ivLv Pj‡e bv| †hgb: msev`cÎ, mvcjyWy, mgm¨vc~Y©,
†bkvMÖ¯Í BZ¨vw`|
cÖk-œ 1. evsjv GKv‡Wgx cÖYxZ evsjv evbv‡bi QqwU wbqg †jL|

DËi : AvaywbK evsjv evbv‡bi 6wU wbqg wb‡P †jLv n‡jvÑ
1. AZrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b me †ÿ‡Î ÔwÕ (B-Kvi) n‡e| †hgb : evwo, Mvwo, cvwL, Bs‡iwR, miKvwi,
evOvwj, Rvbyqvwi BZ¨vw`|
2. AZrmg k‡ãi evbv‡b me †ÿ‡Î Ô y Õ (D-Kvi) n‡e| †hgb : Pzb, cye, myZv, gy‡jv, bZzb BZ¨vw`|
3. ÔAvwjÕ cÖZ¨qhy³ k‡ã B-Kvi n‡e| †hgb : †mvbvwj, iƒcvwj, wgZvwj, •PZvwj, eY©vwj, fvwUqvwj
BZ¨vw`|
4. †Kvb k‡ã Ô © Õ (†id) -Gi ci e¨Äbe‡Y©i wØZ¡ n‡e bv| †hgb: Kvh©, m~h©, avh©, Kvh©vjq, AvPvh©, PP©v,
R`©v, AP©bv BZ¨vw`|
5. c`v‡šÍ KL‡bv wemM© (t ) n‡e bv| †hgb: cÖ_gZ, cÖavbZ, g~jZ, Kvh©Z, ekZ, mvavibZ BZ¨vw`|
6. mwÜMwVZ k‡ã ÔgÕ Gi ci eMx©q eY© K, L, c, d BZ¨vw` _vK‡j gÑ Gi ¯ v‡b s A_ev O n‡e|
†hgb : Ang+Kvi=AnsKvi, mg+ev`=msev`, mg+MxZ=msMxZ, Ajg+Kvi=AjsKvi|

kã ïw×KiY
µwgK Aï× ï× 33. D¾j D¾¡j
1. AMÖnvqb AMÖnvqY 34. Dc‡iv³ Dch©y³
2. AZ¨vwaK AZ¨waK 35. Dch©ycywi Dch©ycwi
3. AZ¨všÍ AZ¨šÍ 36. Dc¯’vcY Dc¯ vcb
4. Aw_wZ AwZw_ 37. De©wk De©kx
5. A`¨wc A`¨vwc 38. Dw×Mœ DwØMœ
6. A`ëwa A`¨vewa 39. DrKl©Zv DrKl©
7. Aaxb¯’ Aaxb 40. GKwÎZ GKÎ
8. Aa¨vemvq Aaëmvq 41. HK¨Zvb HKZvb
9. Aa¨vqb Aa¨qb 42. K¼b K¼Y
10. Abyevw`Z Ab~w`Z 43. Kwbó Kwbô
11. Abyfwy Z Abyf~wZ 44. KYK KbK
12. Acivý Acivnè 45. Kg©Pvwi Kg©Pvix
13. Awfô Awfó 46. Kg©Pvixe„›` Kg©Pvwie„›`
14. AkÖæRj AkÖæ 47. Kj¨vb Kj¨vY
15. A‡nvivwÎ A‡nvivÎ 48. Kj¨vbxqvly Kj¨vYxqvmy
16. AvwnèK AvwýK 49. Kj¨vbx‡qmy Kj¨vYx‡qly
17. Awf‡mK Awf‡lK 50. Kvh©¨vjq Kvh©vjq
18. Aáiv Aáix 51. Kz¾wUKv KzÀwUKv
19. Am~i Amyi 52. K…”Q K…”Q«
20. AvBbRxwe AvBbRxex 53. K…cb K…cY
21. AvKvsLv AvKv•ÿv 54. wK¤^`šÍx wKse`šÍx
22. Av¸šÍK AvMš‧K 55. wKsKZ©e¨wegyp wKsKZ©e¨weg~p
23. AvZœv AvZ¥v 56. K…wZ©evm K…wËevm
24. Av`©ª¨ Av`©ª 57. †KejgvÎ †Kej
25. Aviw³g Avi³ 58. †KŠZznj †K․Z‚nj
26. Avk¦xev©` Avkxev©` 59. ÿxbRxwe ÿxYRxex
27. Avjm¨Zv Avjm¨ 60. MMY MMb
28. Avkvp Avlvp 61. MwbZ MwYZ
29. AvnyZ Avn~Z 62. Mwió Mwiô
30. BwZc~‡e© BZtc~‡e© 63. MxZvÄjx MxZvÄwj
31. BwZg‡a¨ B‡Zvg‡a¨ 64. M„wnwY M„wnYx
32. D”Qvm D”Q¡vm 65. †MŠb †M․Y

66. MÖnb MÖnY 102. †`ŠivZ¥ †`․ivZ¥¨
67. MÖvgxb MÖvgxY 103. ØÜ Ø›Ø
68. Nwbó Nwbô 104. wb°b wb°Y
69. P‡Uªvcva¨vq P‡Ævcva¨vq 105. wb¤§ wbgœ
70. PjwPÎ Pjw”PÎ 106. wbie bxie
71. Pjrkw³ Pj”Qw³ 107. wb‡ivM bx‡ivM
72. Pvÿym Pvÿyl 108. wb‡`©vlx wb‡`©vl
73. P~¨Z Py¨Z (åó) 109. wbe©vb wbe©vY
74. P~¨Z P~Z (Avg) 110. wbg©vb wbg©vY
75. QvÎÑQvÎxMY QvÎQvwÎMY 111. b~b¨Zg b~¨bZg
76. RMZ RMr 112. bZ~b bZzb
77. †Rô †R¨ô 113. bycyi b~cyi
78. •Rô •R¨ô 114. Wvóweb Wv÷web
79. RvwgwZ R¨vwgwZ 115. c_g‡a¨ cw_g‡a¨
80. Wvóweb Wv÷web 116. cðvrc` cðv`c`
81. ZËxq ZË¡xq 117. cwiZ¨v³ cwiZ¨³
82. wZi®‹vi wZi¯‥vi 118. cwibvg cwiYvg
83. wÎf~R wÎfyR 119. cv‡Äix cv‡Äwi
84. `Û `Ð 120. cvwbwb cvwYwb
85. `k©Y `k©b 121. cvlvb cvlvY
86. `vwi`ªZv `vwi`ª¨ 122. wcZvnxb wcZ„nxb
87. `vwi`ªZv `wi`ªZv 123. wcwcwjKv wccxwjKv
88. w`N©Rxwe `xN©Rxex 124. czi®‹vi czi¯‥vi
89. aywj a~wj 125. c~e©vý c~e©vnè
90. aygcvb a~gcvb 126. •cwÎK •cZ…K
91. `yiexÿY `~iexÿY 127. †cv÷gvóvi †cv÷gv÷vi
92. `yive¯’v `yie¯ v 128. cÖR¤§ cÖRb¥
93. `ylb `~lY 129. cÖwZ`›ØxZv cÖwZØw›ØZv
94. `ylbxq `~lYxq 130. cÖwZ‡hvwM cÖwZ‡hvMx
95. `y¯‹…wZ `y®‥…wZ 131. cÖwZ‡hvMxZv cÖwZ‡hvwMZv
96. `~N©Ubv `yN©Ubv 132. cÖbqb cÖYqb
97. `~b©xwZ `yb©xwZ 133. cÖbvg cÖYvg
98. `~e©vi `ye©vi 134. cÖ¯Ívb cÖ¯ vb
99. `~we©mn `ywe©ln 135. cÖmskv cÖksmv
100. •`b¨Zv •`b¨ 136. cÖv½b cÖv½Y
101. •ah©¨ •ah© 137. cÖvwPb cÖvPxb

138. cÖvYxwe`¨v cÖvwYwe`¨v 174. e¨ve‡”Q` eë‡”Q`
139. †cÖvR¡j †cÖv¾¡j 175. e¨veavb eëavb
140. †cÖv¾jb cÖR¡jb 176. e¨vemvq eëmvq
141. d‡Uvó¨vU d‡Uv÷¨vU 177. e¨ve¯’v eë¯ v
142. djcÖmy djcÖm~ 178. e¨vwfPvi e¨wfPvi
143. †dŠR`vix †d․R`vwi 179. e¨vwó e¨wó
144. e‡›`vcva¨vq e‡›`¨vcva¨vq 180. e¨vwóK e¨wóK
145. evwbR¨ evwYR¨ 181. e¨venvi eënvi
146. evwj¥wK evj¥xwK 182. e¨vq e¨q
147. evwn¨K evn¨ 183. eªvþb eªvþY
148. eªvþb eªvþY 184. fÛ fÐ
149. weÁvcY weÁvcb 185. fvZz¯úyÎ åvZz®úyÎ
150. weP~¨Z wePz¨Z 186. fvÛvi fvÐvi
151. we`~lx we`ylx 187. f~eb fyeb
152. we`¨vb weØvb 188. f~eb f~jv‡bv fyebfyjv‡bv
153. wewfwlKv wefxwlKv 189. fywgKv f~wgKv
154. wejvwm wejvmx 190. f~j fyj
155. we‡klb we‡klY 191. †fŠMwjK †f․‡MvwjK
156. wek¦¯’ wek¦¯Í 192. gaymy`b gaym~`b
157. welbœ welYœ 193. gbKó gbtKó
158. eyw×Rxwe eyw×Rxex 194. gwbwl gbxlx
159. •ewPÎ •ewPÎ¨ 195. gwš¿ gš¿x
160. •eqvKiwbK •eqvKiY 196. gš¿xZ¡ gwš¿Z¡
161. e¨KiY e¨vKiY 197. gš¿xmfv gwš¿mfv
162. e¨vZxZ e¨ZxZ 198. gb‡gvnb g‡bv‡gvnb
163. e¨wa e¨vwa 199. gb‡hvM g‡bv‡hvM
164. e¨cK e¨vcK 200. gbni g‡bvni
165. e¨cvi e¨vcvi 201. g‡bvÿzbœ gbtÿzYœ
166. e¨vw³MZ e¨w³MZ 202. g‡bvcyZ gbtc~Z
167. e¨vMÖ e¨MÖ 203. gixPxKv gixwPKv
168. e¨v½ e¨½ 204. gnywi gyûwi
169. e¨vÄbeY© e¨ÄbeY© 205. gvZvnxb gvZ„nxb
170. e¨vZ¨q e¨Z¨q 206. gv`Kvkw³ gv`Kvmw³
171. e¨vwZµg e¨wZµg 207. gvayh©Zv gvayh©
172. e¨v_v e¨_v 208. wggvskv gxgvsmv
173. e¨v_© e¨_© 209. gyL¯Í gyL¯ 
210. gyw”Q©Z g~w”Q©Z

211. gya©b¨ g~a©Y¨ 247. mZ¡vwaKvwi ¯^Zv¡ waKvix
212. gygyl© gyg~ly© 248. m`¨RvZ m‡`¨vRvZ
213. gyj g~j 249. mwbf©i ¯^wbf©i
214. gyûZ© gyn~Z© 250. mwÜnvb mw›`nvb
215. gyn~gyn©~ gyûgy©û 251. mb¨vmx mbœ¨vmx
216. g~L¨ gyL¨ 252. m¤^v` msev`
217. g„Zz¨Áq g„Zz¨Äq 253. m¤â©bv msea©bv
218. hš¿bv hš¿Yv 254. m¤^wjZ msewjZ
219. hZ¥ hZœ 255. m¤¢vlb m¤¢vlY
220. hyw`wôi hywawôi 256. mwgwPb mgxPxb
221. i³všÍ i³v³ 257. miKvix miKvwi
222. iZ¥ iZœ 258. me©vw½b me©v½xb
223. imvqY imvqb 259. mn‡hvwM mn‡hvMx
224. iwe›`ªbv_ iex›`ªbv_ 260. mn‡hvMxZv mn‡hvwMZv
225. ivgvqb ivgvqY 261. mnvbyfywZ mnvbyf~wZ
226. jÿnxb jÿ¨nxb 262. ¯úô ¯úó
227. jÿ¨bxq jÿYxq 263. ¯^wPÎ mwPÎ
228. jwMó jwNô 264. ¯êvÜe mevÜe
229. j¸ jNy 265. ¯^¯¿xK m¯¿xK
230. j¾v®‹i j¾vKi 266. mvg_© mvg_©¨
231. jÛfÛ jÐfÐ 267. mv_© ¯^v_©
232. wjjvfywg jxjvf~wg 268. mvqZ¡kvlY ¯^vqËkvmb
233. jyÚb jyÉb 269. ¯^vÿiZv mvÿiZv
234. kswKZ kw¼Z 270. ¯^v_©K mv_©K
235. kl¨ km¨ 271. ¯^vZš¿Zv ¯^vZš¿¨
236. kµ kÎæ 272. my‡Kwkbx my‡Kkx
237. kkxfylY kwkf~lY 273. myô myôz
238. kvšÍbv mvšÍ¡bv 274. mymgv mylgv
239. kvwiwiK kvixwiK 275. mymyß mylyß
240. wki‡”Q` wki‡ñ` 276. ùzib ùyiY
241. ïÎæ ïµ 277. ¯’yj ¯  ~j
242. ïkÖælv ïkÖƒlv 278. m~PxcÎ m~wPcÎ
243. k¦vkZ kvk¦Z 279. m~ax myax
244. kª×vÄjx kª×vÄwj 280. †mŠRb¨Zv †m․Rb¨
245. †ówWqvg †÷wWqvg 281. •ngwšÍ •ngšÍx
246. †ókb †÷kb

evK¨ ïw×KiY
 A ky × ev K¨   ky × ev K¨ 
AsKwU Kwi‡Z fyj KwiI bv| AsKwU Kwl‡Z fyj KwiI bv|
AMœxwebv bRiæ‡ji GKwU weL¨vZ Kve¨MÖš | AwMœexYv bRiæ‡ji GKwU weL¨vZ Kve¨MÖš |
Aa¨vcbvB QvÎ‡ì Zcm¨v| Aa¨qbB QvÎ‡ì Zcm¨v|
AwZ †jv‡f ZvZx bó| AwZ †jv‡f ZvuwZ bó|
Aa¨vqbB QvÎ‡ì Zcm¨v| Aa¨qbB QvÎ‡ì Zcm¨v|
Abvek¨K †K․Zznj cwinvi Kiv DwPZ| Abvek¨K †K․Z~nj cwinvi Kiv DwPZ|
Abvek¨Kxq e¨vcv‡i †K․Z‚nj fv‡jv bq| Abvek¨K e¨vcv‡i †K․Z‚nj fv‡jv bq|
Abœvfv‡e cÖwZ N‡i N‡i nvnvKvi †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| Abœvfv‡e N‡i N‡i nvnvKvi †`Lv w`‡q‡Q|
Ab¨vfv‡e cÖwZN‡i nvnvKvi Pj‡Q| Abœvfv‡e cÖwZN‡i nvnvKvi Pj‡Q|
Ab¨v‡qi dj `ywbevh©| Ab¨v‡qi dj Awbevh©|
Ace¨vq GKwU gvivZ¥K Af¨vm| Ace¨q GKwU gvivZ¥K Af¨vm|
Ace¨q GKwU gvivZ¥K e¨vwa| Ace¨q GKwU gvivZ¥K Af¨vm|
Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨B wZwb Av‡ivM¨ n‡eb| Aí w`‡bi g‡a¨B wZwb Av‡ivM¨ jvf Ki‡eb|
AkªR‡j Zvi eyK †f‡m †Mj| AkÖæ‡Z Zvi eyK †f‡m †Mj|
Av‡M KL‡bv G‡ZvUv Amnbxq e¨_v Abyfe Kwi Av‡M KL‡bv G‡ZvUv Amn¨ e¨_v Abyfe Kwi wb|
wb|
AvR‡Ki mÜ¨vwU eoB gbgy»Ki| AvR‡Ki mÜ¨vwU eoB g‡bvgy»Ki|
Avcbvi K_vB †kl ch©šÍ mZ¨ cÖgvY nBj| Avcbvi K_vB †kl ch©šÍ mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ nBj|
Avcbvi K_vB †kl ch©šÍ mZ¨ cÖgvY nBj| Avcbvi K_vB †kl ch©šÍ mZ¨ cÖgvwYZ nBj|
Avcbvi K_vq AwZkq `ytwLZ njvg| Avcbvi K_vq AZ¨šÍ `ytwLZ njvg|
Avcbvi ÁvZv‡_© ci ci wZbwU wPwV wj‡LwQ| Avcbvi AeMwZi Rb¨ ci ci wZbwU wPwV wj‡LwQ|
Avcwb Kvj ¯^cwiev‡i Avgvi evmvq P‡j Avm‡eb| Avcwb Kvj mcwiev‡i Avgvi evmvq P‡j Avm‡eb|
Avek¨K e¨‡q Kvc©Y¨Zv DwPZ bq| Avek¨K e¨‡q Kvc©Y¨ DwPZ bq|
Avek¨Kxq e¨‡q Kvc©Y¨Zv AbywPZ| Avek¨K e¨‡q Kvc©Y¨ AbywPZ|
Avgvi Avi UvKvi Avek¨K bvB| Avgvi Avi UvKvi Avek¨KZv bvB|
Avgvi Avi evuwPevi ¯^v` bvB| Avgvi Avi euvwPevi mva bvB|
Avcbvi †Rô¨ †Q‡jwU Lye kvšÍwkó| Avcbvi †R¨ô †Q‡jwU Lye kvšÍwkó|
Avgvi AvKv•Lv¸‡jv A¼z‡iB webó n‡q †M‡jv| Avgvi AvKv•ÿv¸‡jv A¼z‡iB webó n‡q †M‡jv|
Avgv‡ì `yR‡bi g‡a¨ Lye mL¨Zv i‡q‡Q| Avgv‡ì `yR‡bi g‡a¨ Lye mL¨ i‡q‡Q|
Avgv‡ì `yR‡bi g‡a¨ Lye mL¨Zv i‡q‡Q| Avgv‡ì `yR‡bi g‡a¨ Lye m™¢ve i‡q‡Q|
Avcbv‡ì mevB‡K RvbvB my¯^vMZg| Avcbv‡ì mevB‡K RvbvB ¯^vMZg|
Avwg AvMZ iweev‡i evox hve| Avwg AvMvgx iweev‡i evwo hve|
Avgiv Avcbvi g‡Zv wek¦¯  †jvK‡KB PvB| Avgiv Avcbvi g‡Zv wek¦¯Í †jvK‡KB PvB|

b¨)
Avwg GB NUbv Pvÿzm cÖZ¨ÿ K‡iwQ| Avwg GB NUbv cÖZ¨ÿ K‡iwQ|

Avwg H NUbv Pvÿzl cÖZ¨ÿ KwiqvwQ| Avwg H NUbv cÖZ¨ÿ KwiqvwQ|
Avwg H NUbv Pvÿzl cÖZ¨ÿ KwiqvwQ| Avwg H NUbv ¯^P‡ÿ †`wLqvwQ|
Avwg I Avgvi PvPv MZKvj XvKv wM‡qwQjvg| Avgvi PvPv I Avwg MZKvj XvKv wM‡qwQjvg|
Avwg Zvnvi mvÿvr cvB bvB| Avwg Zvnvi mvÿvrKvi cvB bvB|
Avwg Zvnvi mvÿvr cvB bvB| Avwg Zvnvi †`Lv cvB bvB|
Avwg wec`MÖ¯  n‡qB †Zvgvi Kv‡Q G‡mwQ| Avwg wec`MÖ¯Í n‡qB †Zvgvi Kv‡Q G‡mwQ|
Avwg †mLv‡b wM‡q Acgvb n‡qwQ| Avwg †mLv‡b wM‡q AcgvwbZ n‡qwQ|
BwZc~‡e© Avwg KL‡bv mgy`ª †`wL wb| BZtc~‡e© Avwg KL‡bv mgy`ª †`wL wb|
BwZc~‡e© Zvi GB `yive¯ vi msev` cvB bvB| B‡Zvc~‡e© Zvnvi GB `yie¯ vi msev` cvB bvB|
BwZg‡a¨ wZwb nq‡Zv evwo wd‡i G‡m‡Qb| B‡Zvg‡a¨ wZwb nq‡Zv evwo wd‡i G‡m‡Qb|
B`vwbs wKQz‡ZB `ªe¨g~j¨ wbqš¿Y Kiv hv‡”Q bv| B`vbxs wKQz‡ZB `ªe¨g~j¨ wbqš¿Y Kiv hv‡”Q bv|
Bnv cÖgvY nBqv‡Q| Bnv cÖgvwYZ nBqv‡Q|
D³ Abyôv‡b Avcwb ¯êvÜe Avgwš¿Z| D³ Abyôv‡b Avcwb mevÜe Avgwš¿Z|
Drcbœ e„w×i Rb¨ K‡Vvi cwikªg ìKvi| Drcv`b e„w×i Rb¨ K‡Vvi cwikªg ìKvi|
GK AMÖnvq‡Y kxZ hvq bv| GK gv‡N kxZ hvq bv|
G KweZvwUi DrKl©Zv mn‡RB Dcjwä Kiv hvq| G KweZvwUi DrKl© mn‡RB Dcjwä Kiv hvq|
G KweZvq †Kvb gvayh©Zv †bB| G KweZvq †Kvb gvayh© †bB|
G KvR¸‡jv Zzwg myôfv‡e m¤úbœ Kivi †Póv G KvR¸‡jv Zzwg myôyfv‡e m¤úbœ Kivi †Póv
Ki‡e| Ki‡e|
G Kv‡R †Zvgv‡ì mK‡jiB mn‡hvMxZv PvB| G Kv‡R †Zvgv‡ì mK‡jiB mn‡hvwMZv PvB|
G‡Ki jvwV `‡ki †evSv| `‡ki jvwV G‡Ki †evSv|
GLbI m~h© D`q nq bvB| GLbI m~h© Dw`Z nq bvB|
GUv j¾v¯‥i e¨vcvi| GUv j¾vKi e¨vcvi|
GUvB GLb †Zvgvi g~L¨ `vwqZ¡| GUvB GLb †Zvgvi gyL¨ `vwqZ¡|
G wel‡q Avgv‡ì †Kvb •`b¨Zv †bB| G wel‡q Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bv •`b¨ †bB|
G †gvKÏgvq †m mvÿx w`‡q‡Q| G †gvKÏgvq †m mvÿ¨ w`‡q‡Q|
Gme msK‡Ui Rb¨ †KejgvÎ `~bx©wZB `vqx bq| Gme msK‡Ui Rb¨ †Kej `ybx©wZB `vqx bq|
IUv wQj AZ¨všÍ j¾v®‥i GKwU e¨vcvi| IUv wQj AZ¨šÍ j¾vKi GKwU e¨vcvi|
Ii g‡Zv eyw×gvb evwjKv G cvovq Avi †KD †bB| Ii g‡Zv eyw×gZx evwjKv G cvovq Avi †KD
†bB|
Kv‡iv gvN gvm Kv‡iv me©bvk| Kv‡iv †c․l gvm Kv‡iv me©bvk|
Kvjx`vm ms¯‥„wZ fvlvi GKRb weL¨vZ Kwe| Kvwj`vm ms¯‥„Z fvlvi GKRb weL¨vZ Kwe|
KxwZ©evm evsjv ivgvqb iPbv K‡ib| K„wËevm evsjv ivgvqY iPbv K‡ib|
Kzcyiæ‡li g‡Zv K_v ej‡Qv †Kb? Kvcyiæ‡li g‡Zv K_v ej‡Qv †Kb?
†Kvb wel‡q Pvÿzm cÖZ¨ÿ bv K‡i K_v ej‡e bv| †Kvb wel‡q cÖZ¨ÿ bv K‡i K_v ej‡e bv|

MZKvj evwl©K µxov cÖwZ‡hvMxZv AbywôZ n‡q‡Q| MZKvj evwl©K µxov cÖwZ‡hvwMZv AbywôZ n‡q‡Q|
NUbvwU ï‡b MÖvgevmx Avðh© n‡q †Mj| NUbvwU ï‡b MÖvgevmx Avðh©vwš^Z n‡q †Mj|
Av`¨všÍ NUbv ï‡b wZwb Pg‡K DV‡jb| Av`¨šÍ NUbv ï‡b wZwb Pg‡K DV‡jb|
†Pv‡i †Pv‡i gvgv‡Zv fvB| †Pv‡i †Pv‡i gvmZz‡Zv fvB|
†Q‡jwU fqvbK †gavex| †Q‡jwU AZ¨šÍ †gavex|
UvKv¸‡jv ZzwgB AvZ¥¯§¨vr K‡iQ| UvKv¸‡jv ZzwgB AvZ¥mvr K‡iQ|
Xvj †bB Z‡jvqvi †bB †evKvivg m`©vi| Xvj †bB Z‡jvqvi †bB wbwaivg m`©vi|
†XuwK †e‡nk‡Z †M‡jI avb fv‡b| †XuwK ¯^‡M© †M‡jI avb fv‡b|
Zv‡ì fvB‡q fvB‡q †Kvb HK¨Zv †bB| Zv‡ì fvB‡q fvB‡q †Kv‡bv HK¨ †bB|
Zvi D×Zc~Y© AvPi‡Y Avwg Lye e¨vw_Z n‡qwQ| Zvi D×Z AvPi‡Y Avwg Lye e¨w_Z n‡qwQ|
Zvi †m․Rb¨Zv †`‡L Avwg gy» n‡qwQ| Zvi †m․Rb¨ †`‡L Avwg gy» n‡qwQ|
Zvnvi †m․Rb¨Zvq Avwg gy» n‡qwQ| Zvi †m․R‡b¨ Avwg gy» n‡qwQ |
Zvnviv evwo hv‡”Q| Zviv evwo hv‡”Q|
wZwb Avgvi †P‡q AwaKZi Ávbx| wZwb Avgvi †P‡q AwaK Ávbx|
wZwb Avgvi wec‡ÿ mvÿx w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb Avgvi wec‡ÿ mvÿ¨ w`‡q‡Qb|
wZwb GL‡bv Av‡ivM¨ nbwb| wZwb GL‡bv Av‡ivM¨ jvf K‡ibwb|
wZwb g‡bvK‡ó wgªqgvb nBqv cwoqv‡Qb| wZwb gbtK‡ó wgªqgvY nBqv cwoqv‡Qb|
wZwb kvigxb nZ¨v gvgjvi GKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wZwb kvigxb nZ¨v gvgjvi GKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvÿx|
mvÿ¨|
wZwb mvbw›`Z wP‡Ë Avgvi cÖ¯Íve MÖnY Ki‡jb| wZwb mvb›` wP‡Ë Avgvi cÖ¯Íve MÖnY Ki‡jb|
wZwb ¯^¯¿xK GLv‡b †eov‡Z G‡mwQ‡jb| wZwb m¯¿xK GLv‡b †eov‡Z G‡mwQ‡jb|
wZwb ¯^-¯¿xK XvKvq _v‡Kb| wZwb m¯¿xK XvKvq _v‡Kb|
†Zvgvi AvPi‡Y wZwb Lye m‡šÍvl n‡q‡Qb| †Zvgvi AvPi‡Y wZwb Lye mš‧ó n‡q‡Qb|
†Zvgv‡K GB m¼U Ae¯ vq †Q‡o †è bv| †Zvgv‡K GB m¼Uvcbœ Ae¯ vq †Q‡o hve bv|
†Zvgvi AvPi‡Y Avwg m‡šÍvl n‡Z cvijvg bv| †Zvgvi AvPi‡Y Avwg mš‧ó n‡Z cvijvg bv|
†Zvgvi G Z_¨ MÖvn¨‡hvM¨ bq| †Zvgvi G Z_¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|
†Zvgvi GB `yive¯ v †`‡L Avgvi Lye Kó n‡”Q| †Zvgvi GB `yie¯ v †`‡L Avgvi Lye Kó n‡”Q|
†Zvgvi GB •`b¨Zv †`‡L Avgvi Lye Kó n‡”Q| †Zvgvi GB •`b¨ †`‡L Avgvi Lye Kó n‡”Q|
†Zvgvi GB •`b¨Zv †Kvb M‡e©i welq bq| †Zvgvi GB `xbZv †Kv‡bv M‡e©i welq bq|
†Zvgvi K_v ky‡b Avwg Lye Avðh© njvg| †Zvgvi K_v ky‡b Avwg Lye Avðh©vwš^Z njvg|
†Zvgvi K_v ky‡b Avwg Lye PgrKvi njvg| †Zvgvi K_v ky‡b Avwg Lye PgrK„Z njvg|
†Zvgvi Øviv †m Acgvb n‡q‡Q| †Zvgvi Øviv †m AcgvwbZ n‡q‡Q|
†Zvgvi kª×vÄjx evbvbwU mwVK nqwb| †Zvgvi kª×vÄwj evbvbwU mwVK nqwb|
†Zvgvi mv‡_ Avgvi wKQz †Mvcb K_v Av‡Q| †Zvgvi mv‡_ Avgvi wKQz †Mvcbxq K_v Av‡Q|
†Zvgv‡ì K_vq Avwg GB `wj‡j mvÿi Ki‡ev bv| †Zvgv‡ì K_vq Avwg GB `wj‡j ¯^vÿi Ki‡ev bv|
†Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ AvwgI HK¨gZ †cvlY KiwQ| †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ AvwgI HKgZ¨ †cvlY KiwQ|

`wi‡`ªi K_v evwm n‡j d‡j| Mwi‡ei K_v evwm n‡j d‡j|
`kP‡µ Ck¦i f~Z| `kP‡µ fMevb f~Z|
`vwi`ªZv Avgv‡ì RvZxq •ewkó| `vwi`ª¨ Avgv‡ì RvZxq •ewkó¨|
`yiv`„óekZt wZwb AvR wec`MÖ¯ | A`„„óekZ wZwb AvR wec`MÖ¯Í|
•`b¨Zv cÖksmbxq bq| •`b¨ cÖksmbxq bq|
wb‡Ri mv_© Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Aci‡K Kó wÌ bv| wb‡Ri ¯^v_© Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Aci‡K Kó wÌ bv|
wbicivax e¨w³‡K KL‡bv kvw¯Í †`qv DwPZ bq| wbiciva e¨w³‡K KL‡bv kvw¯Í †`qv DwPZ bq|
wb®úvcx‡K kvw¯Í wÌ bv| wb®úvc‡K kvw¯Í wÌ bv|
b~iRvnvb cig my›ìx wQ‡jb| b~iRvnvb cigv my›ìx wQ‡jb|
cieZ©x‡Z Avcwb G‡j fv‡jv n‡e| cieZ©xKv‡j Avcwb G‡j fv‡jv n‡e|
wcZvnxb mšÍv‡bi `yt‡Li †Kv‡bv †kl †bB| wcZ„nxb mšÍv‡bi `yt‡Li †Kv‡bv †kl †bB|
c~e©v‡ý G‡m ga¨vý KvwU‡q Aciv‡ý P‡j †hI| c~e©v‡nè G‡m ga¨vý KvwU‡q Aciv‡nè P‡j †hI|
evwo‡Z e‡m Gfv‡e fvZ aŸsm Kiv Pj‡e bv| evwo‡Z e‡m Gfv‡e Abœ aŸsm Kiv Pj‡e bv|
evsjv‡`k GKwU DbœZkxj †`k| evsjv‡`k GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`k|
evsjv‡`k GKwU DbœZkxj ivóª| evsjv‡`k GKwU Dbœqbkxj ivóª|
evsjv‡`k GKwU mg„×kvjx †`k| evsjv‡`k GKwU mg„× †`k|
evsjv‡`‡k Rb¥ wb‡q Avgvi Rxeb ¯^v_©K n‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k Rb¥ wb‡q Avgvi Rxeb mv_©K n‡q‡Q|
evsjv evbvb AvqZ¡ Kiv †ek KwVb| evsjv evbvb AvqË Kiv †ek KwVb|
we`¨vb gyL© A‡cÿv †kªôZi| weØvb g~L© A‡cÿv †kªô|
we`¨vb‡K mK‡j kª×v K‡i| weØvb‡K mK‡j kª×v K‡i|
e„ÿwU mg~jmn DrcvwUZ n‡q‡Q| e„ÿwU g~jmn DrcvwUZ n‡q‡Q|
e„ÿwU mg~jmn Dc‡o †dj‡Z n‡e| e„ÿwU g~jmn Dc‡o †dj‡Z n‡e|
e„ÿwU ¯^g~‡j Dc‡o †d‡jv| e„ÿwU mg~‡j Dc‡o †d‡jv|
e„ÿwU ¯^g~‡j Dc‡o †d‡jv| e„ÿwU g~jmn Dc‡o †d‡jv|
e„‡ÿ KuvVvj †Muv‡d †Zj| Mv‡Q KuvVvj †Muv‡d †Zj|
†e․×a‡g© cÖvYx nZ¨v wbwk×| †e․×a‡g© cÖvwYnZ¨v wbwl×|
gv`Kvkw³ fvj bq| gv`Kvmw³ fvj bq|
gvayh©¨ I m`¨RvZ evbvb `ywU my× K‡i †jL| gvayh© I m‡`¨vRvZ evbvb `ywU ï× K‡i †jL|
†gNbv evsjv‡`‡ki `xN©Zi b`x| †gNbv evsjv‡`‡ki `xN©Zg b`x|
†g‡qwU we`¨vb wKš‧ SMov‡U| †g‡qwU we`ylx; wKš‧ SMov‡U|
hv‡K †`L‡Z bvwi Zvi nvUv euvKv| hv‡i †`L‡Z bvwi Zvi Pjb euvKv|
hviv wb®úvcx Zv‡ì g‡b KL‡bv e¨_v wÌ bv| hviv wb®úvc Zv‡ì g‡b KL‡bv e¨_v wÌ bv|
†h †Kv‡bv g~û‡Z© wZwb GLv‡b G‡m co‡Z cv‡ib| †h †Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z© wZwb GLv‡b G‡m co‡Z cv‡ib|
†hgwb ey‡bv KPz †Zgwb evNv †ZuZzj| †hgwb ey‡bv Ij †Zgwb evNv †ZuZzj|
iPbvwUi DrKl©Zv Ab¯^xKvh©| iPbvwUi DrKl© Ab¯^xKvh©|
iwe›`ªbv_ MxZvÄjx iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb| iex›`ªbv_ MxZvÄwj iPbv K‡iwQ‡jb|

†jLvcovq Zvnvi †Kvb gb‡hvM bvB| †jLvcovq Zvnvi †Kv‡bv g‡bv‡hvM bvB|
wkDjxi g‡Zv we`~lx †g‡q G KvR Ki‡e bv| wkDjxi g‡Zv we`ylx †g‡q G KvR Ki‡e bv|
†kdvjx evby †hgb weØvb, †ZgbB ¸Yevb | †kdvjx evby †hgb we`ylx, †ZgbB ¸YeZx|
m`v me©`v mZ¨ K_v ewj‡e| m`v mZ¨ K_v ewj‡e| / me©`v mZ¨ K_v ewj‡e|
me QvÎMYB cv‡V Ag‡bv‡hvMx| me QvÎB cv‡V Ag‡bv‡hvMx|
me QvÎivB †mw`b K¬v‡m Dcw¯ Z wQj bv| me QvÎB †mw`b K¬v‡m Dcw¯ Z wQj bv|
me wel‡qB †K․Zznj †`Lv‡bv wVK bq| me wel‡qB †K․Z‚nj †`Lv‡bv wVK bq|
me wkÿKMYB mfvq Dcw¯ Z wQ‡jb| me wkÿKB mfvq Dcw¯ Z wQ‡jb|
me mf¨MYB mfvq Dcw¯ Z wQ‡jb| me mf¨B mfvq Dcw¯ Z wQ‡jb|
mwebqc~e©K wb‡e`b KiwQ| mwebq wb‡e`b KiwQ|
me© wel‡qB evûj¨Zv eR©b Kiv DwPZ| me© wel‡qB evûj¨ eR©b Kiv DwPZ|
miKvi †`‡k ¯^vÿiZvi nvi evov‡bvi †Póv Ki‡Q| miKvi †`‡k mvÿiZvi nvi evov‡bvi †Póv Ki‡Q|
mkw¼ZwP‡Ë †m K_vMy‡jv ejj| kw¼ZwP‡Ë †m K_vMy‡jv ejj|
mkw¼ZwP‡Ë †m K_vMy‡jv ejj| mk¼wP‡Ë †m K_vMy‡jv ejj|
mveavbc~e©K Pj‡e| mveav‡b Pj‡e|
nv‡U Kjm †f‡Ov bv| nv‡U nuvwo †f‡Ov bv|
nvmcvZv‡j G gyny‡Z© †Kvb gygyl© †ivMx †bB| nvmcvZv‡j G gyn~‡Z© †Kvb gyg~ly© †ivMx †bB|
•ngšÍx •kke †_‡KB gvZvnxb wQj| •ngšÍx •kke †_‡KB gvZ„nxb wQj|

evK¨ iƒcvšÍi
µwgK evK¨ iƒcvšÍi wb‡`©k
cÖ`Ë evK¨ AÜ‡K Av‡jv `vI| RwUj
1
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv AÜ, Zv‡ì Av‡jv `vI|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ A‡b‡Ki Rxe‡b cÖ_‡g `ytL Ges c‡i myL Av‡m| mijevK¨
2
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ A‡b‡Ki Rxe‡b `yt‡Li ci myL Av‡m|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Aí †jvKB †e‡ì A_© eySZ| †bwZevPK
3
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ A‡b‡KB †e‡ì A_© eySZ bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ AvRKvj †Kv‡bv wRwbmB mnRjf¨ bq| Aw¯ÍevPK
4
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ AvRKvj me wRwbmB `yj©f|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ AvRKvj me wRwbmB `yj©f| †bwZevPK
5
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ AvRKvj †Kv‡bv wRwbmB myjf bq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ AvgviI G‡ì Dci m‡nvì †mœn Av‡Q| †bwZevPK
6
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ AvgviI †h G‡ì Dci m‡nvì †mœn †bB Zv bq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Avwg GB mvÿx PvB bv| RwUj
7
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ GB †mB mvÿx, hv‡K Avwg PvB bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Avwg †Zvgv‡K wb‡Z G‡mwQ| RwUj
8
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †h‡nZz Avwg G‡mwQ; †m‡nZz †Zvgv‡K wb‡q hve|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Avwg evav w`‡Z cvijvg bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
9
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Avwg evav w`‡Z e¨_© njvg|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Avwg †Zvgv‡K wKQzB wè bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
10
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Zvgv‡K me wKQz †Ìqv †_‡K Avwg weiZ _vK‡ev|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Avwg eû K‡ó wkÿv jvf K‡iwQ| †hŠwMK
11
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Avwg eû Kó K‡iwQ Ges wkÿv jvf K‡iwQ|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Avgvi Ggb wKQz †bB, hv †Zvgv‡K w`‡Z cvwi| mij
12
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Zvgv‡K †`qvi g‡Zv Avgvi †Zgb wKQz †bB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Avgvi wbevm bvB| RwUj
13
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hv‡K wbevm e‡j, Zv Avgvi bvB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ B‡›`ªi †hgb HiveZ, Avgvi †Zgwb cÙ| mij
14
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ B‡›`ªi Hive‡Zi g‡ZvB Avgvi cÙ|

cÖ`Ë evK¨ C‡ì QzwU‡Z Avgiv evwo hve| RwUj
15
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hLb C‡ì QzwU n‡e, ZLb Avgiv evwo hve|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ DcvqšÍi bv _vK‡j †`kvšÍ‡i †h‡Z n‡e| †bwZevPK
16
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ DcvqšÍi bv _vK‡j †`‡k _vKv hv‡e bv|
17 cÖ`Ë evK¨ G Ae¯ vq †KD KvD‡K wPb‡Z cv‡i bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ G Ae¯ vq cÖ‡Z¨‡KB cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Kv‡Q A‡Pbv _v‡K|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ G Av`vj‡Zi cwie‡Z© Avwg Ab¨ Av`vj‡Z gvgjv Pvjve| †bwZevPK
18
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ G Av`vj‡Z Avwg gvgjv Pvjve bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ G K_v †Kv‡bv evc f`ª mgv‡R Keyj Kwi‡Z PvwnZ bv| cÖkeœ vPK
19
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ G K_v wK †Kv‡bv evc f`ª mgv‡R Keyj Kwi‡Z PvwnZ?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ G K_v †m gy‡L Avb‡Z cviZ bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
20
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ G K_v †m gy‡L Avb‡Z Aÿg wQj|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ GKjv †h‡Z fq Ki‡e bv †Zv? Aw¯ÍevPK
21
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ GKjv †h‡Z fq Ki‡e wKbv Rvb‡Z PvB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ GRb¨B †Zvgv‡K mevB wcÖqse`v e‡j| †bwZevPK
22
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ GRb¨B †Zvgv‡K mevB wcÖqse`v bv e‡j cv‡i bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ GUv wbtm‡›`n Zzjmx Mv‡Qi hZœ wb‡”Q †KD| †bwZevPK
23
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †KD †h Zzjmx Mv‡Qi hZœ wb‡”Q G‡Z †Kv‡bv m‡›`n †bB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ GZ mvabv Kijvg Zey †Zvgvi gb †cjvg bv| mij
24
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ GZ mvabv K‡iI †Zvgvi gb †cjvg bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ G‡Z †`vl Kx? †bwZevPK
25
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ G‡Z †`vl †bB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ G‡Z †`vl †bB| cÖkeœ vPK
26
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ G‡Z †`vl Av‡Q wK?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Ggb †jvK †bB whwb †`k‡K fvjev‡mb bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
27
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ mK‡j †`k‡K fvjev‡mb|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †Kn Kwnqv w`‡Z‡Q bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
28
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ mK‡j Pzc _vwK‡Z‡Q|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †Kv_vI avi †cjvg bv ZvB †Zvgvi Kv‡Q G‡mwQ| mij
29
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Kv_vI avi bv †c‡q †Zvgvi Kv‡Q G‡mwQ|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ MvQwU Dcov‡bvi Rb¨ Kv‡iv nvZ wK GwM‡q Av‡m? bvÑ†evaK
30
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ MvQwU Dcov‡bvi Rb¨ Kv‡iv nvZ GwM‡q Av‡m bv|

cÖ`Ë evK¨ QvÎ‡ì Aa¨qbB Zcm¨v| RwUj
31
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv QvÎ, Aa¨qbB Zv‡ì Zcm¨v|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †Q‡jwU Mwie, wKš‧ †gavex| mij
32
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Q‡jwU Mwie n‡jI †gavex|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Rbbx I Rb¥f~wg wK ¯^‡M©i †P‡q eo bq? wb‡`©kg~jK
33
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Rbbx I Rb¥f~wg ¯^‡M©i †P‡qI eo|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Rb¥f~wg‡K mevB fvjev‡m| †bwZevPK
34
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Rb¥f~wg‡K †KD bv fv‡jv‡e‡m cv‡i bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ UvKvq wK meB nq? †bwZevPK
35
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ UvKvq me nq bv |
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zv‡K nvm‡ZB nj| †bwZevPK
36
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †m nvwm †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z cvij bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zv‡ì †h `„wó, Zv‡Z mvgvb¨ we¯§‡qi fve| mijevK¨
37
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Zv‡ì `„wó‡Z mvgvb¨ we¯§‡qi fve|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zuvi UvKv Av‡Q, wKš‧ wZwb `vb K‡ib bv| wgkª
38
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hwÌ Zuvi UvKv Av‡Q, ZeyI wZwb `vb K‡ib bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zviv hv‡e bv †Kv_vI| Aw¯ÍevPK
39
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Zviv GLv‡bB _vK‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ wZwb `wi`ª n‡jI f`ª| †hŠwMK
40
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wZwb `wi`ª , wKš‧ f`ª|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ wZwb abx n‡qI AmyLx wQ‡jb| †bwZevPK
41
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wZwb abx n‡qI myLx wQ‡jb bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ wZwb abx n‡qI myLx bv| †hŠwMK
42
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wZwb abx, wKš‧ myLx bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zzwg Aag, ZvB ewjqv Avwg DËg nBe bv †Kb? mij
43
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Zzwg Aag ewjqv Avwg DËg nBe bv †Kb?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zzwg Avevi G‡mv| †bwZevPK
44
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Zzwg Avevi Avmv †_‡K weiZ †_‡Kv bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zzwg Avm‡e Ges Avwg hve| mij
45
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Zzwg G‡j Avwg hve|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Zzwg abx; wKš‧ D`vi bI| RwUjevK¨
46
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hwÌ Zzwg abx ; Z_vwc Zzwg D`vi bI|

cÖ`Ë evK¨ †Zvgv‡K G KÕwU w`b gvÎ Rvwbjvg, Zey †Zvgvi nv‡ZB I iwnj | mij
47
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Zvgv‡K G KÕwU w`b gvÎ Rvb‡jI †Zvgvi nv‡ZB I iwnj|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †Zvgvi Giƒc eënvi DwPZ nq wb| Aw¯ÍevPK
48
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Zvgvi Giƒc eënvi AbywPZ n‡q‡Q|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ Z¨v‡Mi G gwngv Ac~e©| we¯§q‡evaK
49
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ evn&! Z¨v‡Mi G Kx Ac~e© gwngv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †Zvgvi whwb evc, Zvi bvg Kx? mij
50
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Zvgvi ev‡ci bvg Kx?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †Zvi bvg Kx? AbyÁv
51
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †Zvi bvg ej|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ `qv K‡i meK_v Ly‡j ejyb| †hŠwMK
52
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ `qv Kiæb Ges meK_v Ly‡j ejyb|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ `yRb© †_‡K `~‡i _vKv DwPZ| AbyÁv
53
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ `yRb© †_‡K `~‡i _v‡Kv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ `„k¨wU eoB my›ì| we¯§qm~PK
54
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ evn&! `„k¨wU †Zv eoB my›ì|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †`k‡cÖwgKiv †`k‡K fvjev‡m| RwUj
55
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv †`k‡cÖwgK, Zviv †`k‡K fvjev‡m|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †`‡ki †mev Kiv mK‡ji KZ©e¨| AbyÁv
56
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ mK‡j †`‡ki †mev Ki|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †`vl K‡iQ, AZGe kvw¯Í cv‡e| wgkª
57
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †h‡nZz †`vl K‡iQ, †m‡nZz kvw¯Í cv‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †`vl ¯^xKvi Ki, †Zvgv‡K kvw¯Í wè bv| wgkª
58
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hw` †`vl ¯^xKvi Ki, Z‡e †Zvgv‡K kvw¯Í wè bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ avwg©‡Kiv myLx| RwUj
59
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv avwg©K, Zviv myLx|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ abxiv cÖvqB K„cY nq| RwUj
60
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv abx, Zviv cÖvqB K„cY nq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ a‡bi ag©B Amvg¨| †hŠwMK
61
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ a‡bi GKwU ag© Av‡Q Ges Zv n‡jv Amvg¨|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ bv gnvivR, wZwb Avkª‡g bvB| Aw¯ÍevPK
62
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ nu¨v gnvivR, wZwb Avkª‡gi evB‡i Av‡Qb|

cÖ`Ë evK¨ cwÄKvi cvZv DëvB‡Z _vwKj| †bwZevPK
63
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ cwÄKvi cvZv Dëv‡bv eÜ iwnj bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ cwikªg Ki, dj cv‡e| wgkª
64
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hw` cwikªg Ki, Z‡e dj cv‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ cwikªgx e¨w³ myLx nq| RwUj
65
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv cwikªgx e¨w³, Zviv myLx nq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ cov‡kvbv Ki‡j Rxe‡b DbœwZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| †hŠwMK
66
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ cov‡kvbv Ki, Rxe‡b DbœwZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ wcZv hLb Av‡Qb, ZLb cyÎ‡K †LuvR †Kb? †hŠwMKevK¨
67
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wcZv Av‡Qb, cyÎ‡K †LuvR †Kb?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ cyÎ‡ì we`¨vj‡qi msL¨v Kiv hvq bv| cÖkm
œ ~PK
68
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ cyÎ‡ì we`¨vj‡qi msL¨v Kiv hvq wK?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ cywj‡ki †jvK Rvwb‡e Kx Kwiqv? †bwZevPK
69
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ cywj‡ki †jvK Rvwb‡e bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ c„w_ex‡Z Aev¯Íe e‡j wKQz †bB| RwUj
70
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ c„w_ex‡Z Ggb wKQz †bB, hv Aev¯Íe|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ c„w_ex‡Z Am¤¢e e‡j wKQz †bB| RwUjevK¨
71
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ c„w_ex Ggb †h, GLv‡b Am¤¢e e‡j wKQz †bB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ wcÖqse`v h_v_© Kwnqv‡Qb| †bwZevPK
72
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wcÖqse`v Ah_v_© K‡nb bvB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ dzj mK‡j fvjev‡m| cÖk‡œ evaK
73
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ dzj †K bv fvjev‡m?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ evsjv‡`‡ki ivRavbxi bvg Kx ? Aw¯ÍevPK
74
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ evsjv‡`‡ki ivRavbxi bvg Rvb‡Z PvB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ evsjv‡`k GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`k| cÖk‡œ evaK
75
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ evsjv‡`k wK GKwU Dbœqbkxj †`k bq ?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ evsjv‡`‡ki ivRavbxi bvg Kx Zv Rvb‡Z PvB| cÖkeœ vPK
76
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ evsjv‡`‡ki ivRavbxi bvg Kx ?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ weØvb n‡jI Zvi AnsKvi †bB| †hŠwMK
77
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wZwb weØvb, wKš‧ Zvi AnsKvi †bB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ fvj †Q‡jiv wkÿ‡Ki Av‡`k †g‡b P‡j| wgkªevK¨
78
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv fvj †Q‡j, Zviv wkÿ‡Ki Av‡`k †g‡b P‡j|

cÖ`Ë evK¨ wfÿzK‡K `vb Ki| wgkªevK¨
79
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv wfÿzK, Zv‡ì `vb Ki|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ fyj mK‡j K‡i| cÖkeœ vPK
80
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ fyj †K bv K‡i?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ fyj mK‡jB K‡i| cÖk‡œ evaK
81
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ fyj wK mK‡jB K‡i bv ?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ gb w`‡q †Zvgvi †jLvcov Kiv DwPZ| AbyÁv
82
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ gb w`‡q †jLvcov Ki|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ gvbyl giYkxj| †bwZevPK
83
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ gvbyl Agi bq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ gvbylUv mg¯Í ivZ †L‡Z cv‡e bv| cÖk†œ evaK
84
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ gvbylUv mg¯Í ivZ †L‡Z cv‡e wK?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ wg_¨vev`x‡K mevB AcQ›` K‡i| †bwZevPK
85
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wg_¨vev`x‡K †KD cQ›` K‡i bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hLb wec` Av‡m, ZLb `ytLI Av‡m| †hŠwMK
86
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wec` Ges `ytL GK mv‡_B Av‡m|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hw` Avgvi K_v wek¦vm Ki, Z‡e †Zvgvi g½j n‡e| mij
87
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Avgvi K_v wek¦vm Ki‡j †Zvgvi g½j n‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hwÌ wZwb weØvb, ZeyI Zuvi we›`ygvÎ AnsKvi †bB| mij
88
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ weØvb n‡jI Zuvi we›`ygvÎ AnsKvi †bB|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hw` cvm Ki‡Z PvI, Zvn‡j co| mij
89
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ cvm Ki‡Z PvB‡j co|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hw` †gN MR©b K‡i, Z‡e gq~i b„Z¨ Ki‡e| mij
90
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †gN MR©b Ki‡j gq~i b„Z¨ Ki‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hw` mvdj¨ PvI, Zvn‡j cwikªg Ki| †hŠwMK
91
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ mvdj¨ PvI Ges Zvi Rb¨ cwikªg Ki|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hv‡ì eyw× †bB, ZvivB G K_v wek¦vm Ki‡e| mij
92
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ eyw×nxbivB G K_v wek¦vm Ki‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hv eva©K¨ Zv me mgq eq‡mi †dª‡g euvav hvq bv| mij
93
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ eva©K¨‡K me mgq eq‡mi †dª‡g euvav hvq bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ hviv †`k‡cÖwgK, Zviv †`k‡K fvjev‡m| mij
94
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †`k‡cÖwgKiv †`k‡K fvjev‡m|

cÖ`Ë evK¨ whwb Ávbx, wZwbB mwZ¨Kv‡ii abx| mij
95
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ ÁvbxB mwZ¨Kv‡ii abx|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †h wfÿv Pvq Zv‡K `vb Ki| mij
96
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wfÿzK‡K `vb Ki|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †h wg_¨v K_v e‡j Zv‡K †KD cQ›` K‡i bv| mij
97
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wg_¨vev`x‡K †KD cQ›` K‡i bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †h iÿK, †m fÿK| mij
98
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ iÿKB fÿK|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †h mKj cï gvsm †fvRb K‡i Zviv AZ¨šÍ ejevb| mij
99
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ gvsm‡fvRx cï AZ¨šÍ ejevb|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ j²x ei †`‡eb bv| cÖkm
œ ~PK
100
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ j²x ei †`‡eb wK?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †jvKwU wkwÿZ n‡jI f`ª bq| †hŠwMK
101
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †jvKwU wkwÿZ, wKš‧ f`ª bq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †jvf cwiZ¨vM Ki, my‡L _vK‡e| mijevK¨
102
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †jvf cwiZ¨vM Ki‡j my‡L _vK‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †jvf cwiZ¨vM Ki, Zzwg my‡L _vK‡e| mij
103
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †jvf cwiZ¨vM Ki‡j Zzwg my‡L _vK‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ kÎæZv A‡b‡Ki m‡½B _v‡K, eÜzZ¡ _v‡K Kg gvby‡li m‡½| mij
104
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ kÎæZv A‡b‡Ki m‡½ _vK‡jI eÜzZ¡ _v‡K Kg gvby‡li m‡½|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ knx‡ì g„Zy¨ bvB| Aw¯ÍevPK
105
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ knxìv Agi|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ kvnvbvi ¯^v¯ ¨ fvj| †bwZevPK
106
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ kvnvbvi ¯^v¯ ¨ g›` bq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ kx‡Z `wi`ª gvby‡li Kó nq| we¯§qevPK
107
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Avnv, kx‡Z `wi`&ª gvby‡li KZ Kó!
cÖ`Ë evK¨ ïay †Zvgvi K_vq Ggb KvR Kiv hvq bv| cÖk‡œ evaK
108
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ ïay †Zvgvi K_vq wK Ggb KvR Kiv hvq ?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ •kk‡e Zvi evev gviv hvb| cÖk‡œ evaK
109
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ •kk‡e wK Zvi evev gviv hvb wb?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ mZ¨ K_v bv e‡j wec‡` c‡owQ| RwUj
110
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †h‡nZz mZ¨ K_v ewj wb, †m‡nZz wec‡` c‡owQ|

cÖ`Ë evK¨ mÜ¨vi ci AÜKvi Nwb‡q Gj| we¯§qm~PK
111
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ mÜ¨vi ci Kx AÜKviUvB bv Nwb‡q Gj!
cÖ`Ë evK¨ mi¯^Zx ei †`‡eb bv| cÖkœevPK
112
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ mi¯^Zx ei †`‡eb wK?
cÖ`Ë evK¨ mr e¨w³ e‡j mK‡j Zv‡K kª×v K‡i| †hŠwMK
113
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ wZwb mr e¨w³, ZvB mK‡j Zv‡K kª×v K‡i|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ mr †jvK KL‡bv wg_¨vi mv‡_ Av‡cvm K‡ib bv| RwUj
114
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hviv mr †jvK, Zviv KL‡bv wg_¨vi mv‡_ Av‡cvm K‡ib bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m A‡bK †Póv K‡i mvdj¨ jvf K‡i‡Q| †hŠwMK
115
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †m A‡bK †Póv K‡i‡Q Ges mvdj¨ jvf K‡i‡Q|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m Kvj G‡j Avwg hve| RwUj
116
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †m hw` Kvj Av‡m, Zvn‡j Avwg hve|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m Avi Avm‡e bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
117
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †m Avevi Avmv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ mviw_ f~cwZi Av‡`k cvBqv cybe©vi i_Pvjb Kwij| PwjZ
118
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ mviw_ f~cwZi Av‡`k †c‡q cybivq i_Pvjb Kij|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †mB euvwki myi fvwi wgwó| we¯§qevPK
119
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ Avnv, Kx wgwó †mB evuwki myi !
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m GKUz wew¯§Z bv n‡q cv‡i bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
120
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †m GKUz wew¯§Z nq|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m Zvi fvB‡qi FY cwi‡kva K‡i‡Q| RwUj
121
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ fvB‡qi Kv‡Q hv FY wQj; Zv †m cwi‡kva K‡i‡Q|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m `wi`ª e‡U, wKš‧ mZëv`x| RwUj
122
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hwÌ †m `wi`ª, ZeyI mZëv`x|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m wbiciva, AZGe †m gyw³ cv‡e| RwUj
123
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †h‡nZz †m wbiciva, †m‡nZz †m gyw³ cv‡e|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m gi‡e, Zey G K_v ej‡e bv| RwUj
124
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ hwÌ †m gi‡e, Zey G K_v ej‡e bv|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ †m․i‡fi ¯^v¯ ¨ fvj bq| Aw¯ÍevPK
125
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ †m․i‡fi ¯^v¯ ¨ Lvivc|
cÖ`Ë evK¨ •ng Zvi A_© eySj bv| Aw¯ÍevPK
126
iƒcvšÍwiZ evK¨ •ng Zvi A_© eyS‡Z e¨_© n‡jv|

hwZ ev weivg wP‡ýi eënvi
cÖkœ : hwZ ev weivg wPý Kv‡K e‡j ?
DËi : e³‡eï my¯úóZv I mnR‡eva¨Zvi Rb¨ ev‡Kï wewfbœ ¯ v‡b k¦vmweiwZ Ges mgvwß eySv‡Z †hme
wPý eënvi Kiv nq, †mme wPý‡KB hwZ ev weivg wPý e‡j| Gme wPý‡K †Q` wPýI ejv nq| †hgb : ,
| ;Ñ ( ),{ },{ }?, ! , ; Ô Õ ÒÑÓ BZ¨vw`|
cÖkœ : hwZ ev weivg wP‡ýi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡jvPbv Ki|
DËi : evK¨ MV‡b hwZ ev weivg wPý AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| hwZ ev weivg wPý ev‡Kï
k¦vmweiwZ wb‡`©k K‡i fvjfv‡e Gi A_© eyS‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| ev‡K¨ eëüZ c` ev c`mgwó wKsev
LÐevK¨mg~n‡K KL‡bv c„_K Avevi KL‡bvev mshy³ Kivi †ÿ‡Î GB wPý¸‡jv we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb K‡i
_v‡K| KL‡bv KL‡bv GKB c` ev c` mgwó GB hwZ wP‡ýi wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y wfbœ wfbœ A_© cÖKvk K‡i
_v‡K| †hgb :
1. Zzwg AvMvgxKvj Avgvi mv‡_ XvKv †h‡Z cvi‡e|
2. Zzwg AvMvgx Kvj Avgvi mv‡_ XvKv †h‡Z cvi‡e ?
3. Zzwg AvMvgx Kvj Avgvi mv‡_ XvKv †h‡Z cvi‡e !
Gw`K †_‡KI ev‡K¨ hwZ wP‡ýi h‡_ó cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q| GB hwZ wPý Qvov evK¨‡K mnR, mij, my›ì,
mvejxj I my¯úófv‡e cÖKvk Kiv AZ¨šÍ KwVb e‡j fvlvi †ÿ‡Î Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv AZ¨vek¨K|
cÖkœ : Kgv (,) eënv‡ii †h †Kv‡bv QqwU wbqg ‡jL|
DËi : ev‡Kï g‡a¨ ¯^í weiwZi Rb¨ Kgv (,) eëüZ nq| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y ev‡K¨ GB ¯^í weiwZi cÖ‡qvRb
nq| wb‡P GB Kgv eënv‡ii QqwU wbqg D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv :
1. mgRvZxq `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c` ev evK¨vsk GK‡Î _vK‡j Zv‡ì gvSLv‡b mvaviYZ Kgv e‡m| †hgb :
iæbv, mvwebv, kv¤§x I kvnbvR AvR GKB g‡Â Mvb MvB‡eb|
2. ev‡K¨ m‡¤^vab c` _vK‡j Zvi c‡i Kgv e‡m| †hgb : †n whï, I nwi, †n Avjøv Avgvi heb nwi`vm‡K
wdwi‡q †`|
3. cÖZ¨ÿ Dw³i c~‡e© Kgv e‡m| †hgb : •ng Kwnj,ÒAvwg Rvwb, Avgvi eqm m‡Z‡iv|Ó
4. ev‡Kï ïiæ‡Z Ae¨q‡K c„_K Ki‡ZI Kgv eëüZ nq| †hgb : myZivs, wZwb Avi †mLv‡b †M‡jb bv|
5. ev‡Kï AšÍM©Z GKvwaK LÐevK¨‡K Avjv`v Ki‡ZI Kgv eëüZ nq| †hgb : gb DuPz‡ZI DV‡Z Pvq,
wbPz‡ZI bvg‡Z Pvq|
6. cÖkvœ Z¥K ev‡Kï †jRyi Avjv`v Ki‡ZI Kgv eëüZ nq| †hgb : Zzwg‡Zv Kvj evwo‡ZB _vK‡e, ZvB
bv ?
cÖkœ : W¨vk (Ñ) eënv‡ii †h †Kv‡bv QqwU wbqg †jL|
DËi: ev‡Kï g~j KvVv‡gvi mv‡_ Avbylw½K c` ev c`mgwó‡K m¤úwK©Z Kivi Rb¨ W¨vk (Ñ) eëüZ nq|
GQvov, AcÖZ¨vwkZ I AvKw¯§K PgK †evSv‡Z wKsev †Rviv‡jv weivg wPý wn‡m‡eI Gi eënvi jÿ¨ Kiv
hvq| wb‡P W¨vk eënv‡ii QqwU wbqg D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv:

1. †Kv‡bv iKg `„óv‡šÍi c~‡e© mvaviYZ W¨vk e‡m| †hgb : eva©K¨ ZvnvB Ñ hvnv cyivZb‡K, wg_¨v‡K,
g„Zy¨‡K AvuKwoqv cwoqv _v‡K|
2. evK¨ Am¤ú~Y© _vK‡j Zvi †k‡l W¨vk eëüZ nq| †hgb : †kl ch©šÍ Zzwg Zvn‡j Ñ
3. ZvwjKve× c`¸”Q‡K GKmv‡_ †evSv‡ZI W¨vk eëüZ nq| †hgb : †gav, kªg I †m․fvM¨ Ñ GB n‡jv
mvd‡jï PvweKvwV|
4. kãv_© wjL‡Z kã I Zvi A‡_©i gvSLv‡b W¨vk e‡m| †hgb : n¯Íx Ñ nvwZ ; P›`ª Ñ Puv`; n¯Í Ñ nvZ
BZ¨vw`|
5. k~b¨¯ vb c~i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡kœi jyß k‡ãi cwie‡Z© W¨vk e‡m| †hgb :
K. gvbyl m„wói Ñ Rxe|
L. cvwbi Aci bvg Ñ|
6. ¯ vb I KvjMZ eëavb wb‡`©k Ki‡Z Ô†_‡KÕ A‡_© W¨vk eëüZ nq| †hgb :
K. †mvg Ñ ïµ ;
L. XvKv Ñ Uv½vBj ;
M. cÖvPxb hyM Ñ ga¨ hyM ;
N. 1947 - 1971 BZ¨vw`|
cÖkœ : †mwg‡Kvjb (;) eënv‡ii †h †Kv‡bv QqwU wbqg †jL|

DËi : †mwg‡Kvj‡bi evsjv A_© n‡jv Aa©‡”Q`| Kgvi †P‡q †ewk Ges ùvwoi †P‡q Kg weiv‡gi †ÿ‡Î GB
wPý eëüZ nq| wb‡P †mwg‡Kvjb (;) eënv‡ii QqwU wbqg D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv:
1. `ywU ev‡Kï g‡a¨ A‡_©i wbKU m¤^Ü _vK‡j Zv‡ì gvSLv‡b †mwg‡Kvjb e‡m| †hgb : bxcv bv‡P ; gwb
Mvb Mvq|
2. e³e¨ ¯úó Kivi Rb¨ Zzjbvg~jK `ywU evK¨ cvkvcvwk emv‡j Zvi g‡a¨ †mwg‡Kvjb e‡m| †hgb :
K. Avwg Pwj Wv‡j Wv‡j ; wZwb P‡jb cvZvq cvZvq|
L. g‡b nq m~h©Uv Nyi‡Q ; Avm‡j Nyi‡Q bv|
3. ci¯úi wbf©ikxj GKvwaK evK¨ ms‡hvRK ev we‡qvRK Ae¨q Øviv hy³ n‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv H Ae¨‡qi
c~‡e© †mwg‡Kvjb e‡m| †hgb :
K. wkwk‡ii eqm h_vmg‡q †lvj nBj ; wKš‧ †mUv ¯^fv‡ei †lvj, mgv‡Ri †lvj b‡n|
L. Avwg wQjvg ei ; myZivs weevn m¤^‡Ü Avgvi gZ hvPvB Kiv Abvek¨K wQj|
4. GKvwaK c`‡K †kªYxfy³ Kivi mgq mgRvZxq kã‡K Ab¨ †kªYx †_‡K c„_K Ki‡Z †mwg‡Kvjb eëüZ
nq| †hgb : Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj ; kmv, jvD, †e¸b ; byb, AvUv, †ZjÑ Gme †KbvKvUv Ki‡Z †Zv ZzwgB
h‡_ó|
5. ev‡Kï †Kv‡bv e³e¨‡K cieZ©x As‡k Av‡iv ¯úófv‡e eY©bv Ki‡Z n‡j `yB As‡ki gvSLv‡b
†mwg‡Kvjb e‡m| †hgb : evsjv fvlv‡K fv‡jv K‡i wPb‡Z n‡e ; †Kv_vq Zvi kw³, †Kv_vq Zvi
`ye©jZv, `yB-B Avgv‡ì Rvbv PvB|
6. `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ev‡Kï g‡a¨ GKB fve we`¨gvb _vK‡j Zv‡ì gvSLv‡b †mwg‡Kvjb e‡m| †hgb :
Avgvi kixiUv Lye Lvivc ; gbUvI fvj †bB|

cÖkœ : nvB‡db (-) eënv‡ii †h †Kv‡bv QqwU wbqg †jL|
DËi : nvB‡db‡K evsjv fvlvq c`-ms‡hvM wPý ejv nq| nvB‡db †`L‡Z A‡bKUv †QvU AvK…wZi W¨v‡ki
g‡Zv n‡jI G `y‡Uvi KvR m¤ú~Y© wfbœ| nvB‡db †hLv‡b `y‡Uv kã‡K hy³ K‡i, W¨vk †mLv‡b K‡i wehy³|
wb‡P nvB‡db (-) eënv‡ii QqwU wbqg D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv:
1. cvkvcvwk Aew¯ Z wfbœv_©K ev wecixZ k‡ãi ms‡hvM †`Lv‡Z nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb : wn›`y-
gymjgvb; †gvMj-cvVvb; w`b-ivZ; Avmv-hvIqv BZ¨vw`|
2. `ywU bvg-we‡kl¨ ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡ÎI nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb :
fviZ-cvwK¯Ívb mxgv‡šÍ GLb Lye D‡ËRbv Pj‡Q|
3. `k w`‡Ki †h †Kv‡bv `yBwU A_ev `yÔ‡qi gaëZ©x †Kv‡bv w`K †evSv‡Z nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb :
evsjv‡`‡ki DËi-c~e© w`‡K †bcvj Aew¯ Z|
4. †Kv‡bv k‡ãi mv‡_ GKK †Kvb Aÿi ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡ÎI nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb : K-Aÿi
†Mvgvsm|
5. c` ms‡hvM NUv‡Z †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv wefw³i c~‡e©I KL‡bv KL‡bv nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb :
K. 1947-G †`k fvM nq|
L. 1-Gi ci k~b¨ emv‡j 10 nq|
6. wµqvc‡ì mv‡_ weK…Z †Kv‡bv AbyMvgx wµqvc` _vK‡j †m‡ÿ‡ÎI nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb :
K. †L‡q-†`‡q Nyg †`‡ev|
L. †m‡R-¸‡R evB‡i hv‡ev|
cÖkœ : †h †Kv‡bv QqwU hwZ wPý eënv‡ii GKwU K‡i wbqg †jL|
DËi : wb‡P QqwU hwZ wPý eënv‡ii GKwU K‡i wbqg †jLv n‡jv:
1. ùvwo (| ) : ev‡Kï mgvwß †evSv‡Z GB ùvwo (| ) emv‡bv nq| †hgb :
Avwg GLb co‡Z em‡ev|
2. cÖk‡œ evaK wPý (?) : wRÁvmvm~PK ev‡Kï †k‡l GB cÖk‡œ evaK wPý (?) e‡m| †hgb :
Zzwg wK fvZ Lv‡e ?
3. we¯§qm~PK wPý (!) : †Kv‡bv ev‡K¨ myL, `ytL, Avb›`, †e`bv, we¯§q, nl© BZ¨vw` cÖKvk †c‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î
we¯§qm~PK wPý (!) e‡m| †hgb :
evt ! Kx my›ì Qwe !
4. Kgv (,) : mgRvZxq `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c` ev evK¨vsk GK‡Î _vK‡j Zv‡ì gvSLv‡b Kgv (,) e‡m|
†hgb :
iæbv, mvwebv, kv¤§x I kvnbvR AvR GKB g‡Â Mvb MvB‡eb|
5. W¨vk (Ñ) : k~b¨¯ vb c~i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡kœi jyß k‡ãi cwie‡Z© W¨vk e‡m| †hgb :
K. gvbyl m„wói Ñ Rxe|
L. cvwbi Aci bvg Ñ|
6. nvB‡db (-) : †Kv‡bv k‡ãi mv‡_ GKK †Kv‡bv Aÿi ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb :
K-Aÿi †Mvgvsm|

cÖkœ : †h †Kv‡bv wZbwU hwZ wPý eënv‡ii `ywU K‡i wbqg †jL|
DËi : wb‡P wZbwU hwZ wPý eënv‡ii `ywU K‡i wbqg †jLv n‡jv:
1. Kgv (,) :
K. mgRvZxq `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK c` ev evK¨vsk GK‡Î _vK‡j Zv‡ì gvSLv‡b mvaviYZ Kgv e‡m|
†hgb : iæbv, mvwebv, kv¤§x I kvnbvR AvR GKB g‡Â Mvb MvB‡eb|
L. ev‡K¨ m‡¤^vab c` _vK‡j Zvi c‡i Kgv e‡m| †hgb : †n whï, I nwi, †n Avjøv Avgvi heb
nwi`vm‡K wdwi‡q †`|
2. W¨vk (Ñ) :
K. k~b¨¯ vb c~i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡kœi jyß k‡ãi cwie‡Z© W¨vk e‡m| †hgb : gvbyl m„wói Ñ Rxe|
L. evK¨ Am¤ú~Y© _vK‡j Zvi †k‡lI W¨vk eëüZ nq| †hgb : †kl ch©šÍ Zzwg Zvn‡j Ñ
3. nvB‡db (-) :
K. cvkvcvwk Aew¯ Z wfbœv_©K ev wecixZ k‡ãi ms‡hvM †`Lv‡ZI nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb :
wn›`y-gymjgvb; †gvMj-cvVvb;
w`b-ivZ; Avmv-hvIqv BZ¨vw`|
K. †Kv‡bv k‡ãi mv‡_ GKK †Kv‡bv Aÿi ms‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î nvB‡db eëüZ nq| †hgb :
L. K-Aÿi †Mvgvsm|
 hwZ wPý eënv‡ii mgqKvj
hwZ wP‡ýi bvg AvK…wZ weiwZ-Kvj-cwigvY
Kgv , 1 ej‡Z †h mgq cÖ‡qvRb
†mwg‡Kvjb ; 1 ejvi wØ¸Y mgq
ùvwo (c~Y©‡”Q`) | GK †m‡KÛ
wRÁvmv wPý ? GK †m‡KÛ
we¯§q wPý ! GK †m‡KÛ
†Kvjb : GK †m‡KÛ
†Kvjb W¨vm :Ñ GK †m‡KÛ
W¨vm Ñ GK †m‡KÛ
nvB‡db - _vgvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB
B‡jK / †jvc wPý Õ _vgvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB
D×iY wPý ÒÓ ÔGKÕ D”Pvi‡Y †h mgq jv‡M
( ) _vgvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB
eª¨v‡KU (eÜbx -wPý) { } _vgvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB
[ ] _vgvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB

hwZwPý .................................................... wKQz D`vniY
Dcm~wP
 G Pµ †Zv wQbœ Ki‡ZB n‡e Ki‡e †K cÖKvkK bv †µZv cÖKvk‡Ki c‡ÿ Kiv KwVb KviY H w`‡q †m
†c‡Ui fvZ †hvMvo K‡i †m SyuwK wb‡Z bvivR G·‡cwi‡g›U Ki‡Z bvivR wKš‧ eB wK‡b †KD‡Zv KL‡bv
†`D‡j nqwb
 G Pµ‡Zv wQbœ Ki‡ZB n‡e| Ki‡e †K ? cÖKvkK bv †µZv ? cÖKvk‡Ki c‡ÿ Kiv KwVb| KviY, H
w`‡q †m †c‡Ui fvZ †hvMvo K‡i| †m SyuwK wb‡Z bvivR ; G·‡cwi‡g›U Ki‡Z bvivR| wKš‧ eB wK‡b
†KD‡Zv KL‡bv †`D‡j nqwb|
 G‡ì GKgvÎ †èZv AnsKvi ZviB Pi‡Y Zviv wb‡ew`Z cÖvY e¨w³MZ AnsKvi RvwZMZ AnsKvi
Gm‡ei wbkvb Iov‡bvB G‡ì KvR
 G‡ì GKgvÎ †èZv AnsKvi| ZviB Pi‡Y Zviv wb‡ew`Z-cÖvY| e¨w³MZ AnsKvi, RvwZMZ AnsKvi
Ñ Gm‡ei wbkvb Iov‡bvB G‡ì KvR|
 Avgvi ewj‡Z wØav bvB †h Avwg AvR Zuvnv‡ìB `‡j huvnviv Kg©x bb a¨vbx huvnviv gvbe RvwZi Kj¨vY
mvab K‡ib †mev w`qv Kg© w`qv Zvnviv gnr hw` bvB nb AšÍZ ÿz`ª bb
 Avgvi ewj‡Z wØav bvB †h, Avwg AvR Zuvnv‡ìB `‡j, huvnviv Kg©x bb a¨vbx| huvnviv gvbe RvwZi
Kj¨vY mvab K‡ib †mev w`qv, Kg© w`qv, Zvnviv gnr hw` bv-B nb, AšÍZ ÿz`ª bb|
 eva©K¨ ZvnvB hvnv cyivZb‡K wg_¨v‡K g„Zz¨‡K AvuKwoqv cwoqv _v‡K e„× ZvnvivB hvnviv gvqv”Qbœ be
gvb‡ei Awfbe RqhvÎvi ïay †evSv bq weNœ kZvãxi be hvÎxi Pjvi Q‡›` Q›` wgjvBqv hvnviv
KzPKvIqvR Kwi‡Z Rv‡b bv cv‡i bv hvnviv Rxe nBqvI Ro hvnviv AUj ms¯‥v‡ii cvlvY¯Z‚c
AvuKwoqv cwoqv Av‡Q
 eva©K¨ ZvnvBÑhvnv cyivZb‡K, wg_¨v‡K, g„Zz¨‡K AvuKwoqv cwoqv _v‡K ; e„× ZvnvivB-hvnviv gvqv”Qbœ
be gvb‡ei Awfbe RqhvÎvi ïay †evSv bq, weNœ ; kZvãxi be hvÎxi Pjvi Q‡›` Q›` wgjvBqv hvnviv
KzPKvIqvR Kwi‡Z Rv‡b bv, cv‡i bv ; hvnviv Rxe nBqvI Ro ; hvnviv AUj ms¯‥v‡ii cvlvY¯Z‚c
AvuKwoqv cwoqv Av‡Q|
 BnvB †h․eb GB ag© hvnv‡ì ZvnvivB ZiæY Zvnv‡ì †`k bvB RvwZ bvB Ab¨ ag© bvB †`k Kvj RvwZ
a‡g©i mxgvi E‡aŸ© Bnv‡ì †mbvwbevm
 BnvB †h․eb, GB ag© hvnv‡ì ZvnvivB ZiæY| Zvnv‡ì †`k bvB, RvwZ bvB, Ab¨ ag© bvB| †`k-Kvj-
RvwZ-a‡g©i mxgvi E‡aŸ© Bnv‡ì †mbvwbevm|
 GB AeKv‡k Zc¯^xiv i‡_i mwbœwnZ nBqv Kwn‡Z jvwM‡jb gnvivR G Avkªgg„M ea Kwi‡eb bv
AvcbKvi evY AwZ Zxÿè I eRªmg ÿxYRxex AícÖvY g„Mkve‡Ki Dci wbwÿß nBevi †hvM¨ b‡n
 GB AeKv‡k, Zc¯^xiv, i‡_i mwbœwnZ nBqv, Kwn‡Z jvwM‡jb, ÒgnvivR ! G Avkªgg„M, ea Kwi‡eb bv|
AvcbKvi evY AwZ Zxÿè I eRªmg, ÿxYRxex AícÖvY g„Mkve‡Ki Dci wbwÿß nBevi †hvM¨ b‡n|

 Avwg wQjvg ei myZivs weevn m¤^‡Ü Avgvi gZ hvPvB Kiv Abvek¨K wQj Avgvi KvR Avwg KwiqvwQ
Gd G cvk Kwiqv e„wË cvBqvwQ ZvB cÖRvcwZi `yB cÿ Kb¨vcÿ I eicÿ Nb Nb wePwjZ nBqv DwVj
 Avwg wQjvg ei| myZivs, weevn m¤^‡Ü Avgvi gZ hvPvB Kiv Abvek¨K wQj| Avgvi KvR Avwg
KwiqvwQ, Gd.G. cvk Kwiqv e„wË cvBqvwQ| ZvB cÖRvcwZi `yB cÿ, Kb¨vcÿ I eicÿ, Nb Nb
wePwjZ nBqv DwVj|
 †jL‡KivI Aek¨ `‡ki Kv‡Q nvZZvwji cÖZ¨vkv iv‡Lb evnev bv †c‡j gbtÿzYœ nb †Kbbv ZvivB
n‡”Qb h_v_© mvgvwRK Rxe evèvwK mK‡j †KejgvÎ cvwievwiK wek¦ gvb‡ei m‡½ wbZ¨bZzb m¤^Ü
cvZv‡bvB n‡”Q Kwe g‡bi wbZ¨‣bwgwËK Kg©
 †jL‡KivI Aek¨ `‡ki Kv‡Q nvZZvwji cÖZ¨vkv iv‡Lb, evnev bv †c‡j gbtÿzYœ nb| †Kbbv ZvivB
n‡”Qb h_v_© mvgvwRK Rxe, evèvwK mK‡j †KejgvÎ cvwievwiK| wek¦gvb‡ei g‡bi m‡½ wbZ¨ b~Zb
m¤^Ü cvZv‡bvB n‡”Q Kwe g‡bi wbZ¨‣bwgwËK Kg©|
 Aci c‡ÿ G hy‡M cvVK n‡”Q RbmvaviY myZivs Zv‡ì g‡bviÄb Ki‡Z n‡j Avgv‡ì AwZ m¯Ív
†Ljbv Mo‡Z n‡e bB‡j Zv evRv‡i KvU‡e bv Ges m¯Ív Kivi A_© †L‡jv Kiv •ek¨ †jL‡Ki c‡ÿB k~`ª
cvV‡Ki g‡bviÄb Kiv msMZ AZGe mvwn‡Z¨ Avi hvB Ki bv †Kb cvVK mgv‡Ri g‡bviÄb Kievi
†Póv †Kv‡iv bv
 Aci c‡ÿ G hy‡M cvVK n‡”Q RbmvaviY, myZivs Zv‡ì g‡bviÄb Ki‡Z n‡j Avgv‡ì AwZ m¯Ív
†Ljbv Mo‡Z n‡e, bB‡j Zv evRv‡i KvU‡e bv| Ges m¯Ív Kivi A_© †L‡jv Kiv| •ek¨ †jL‡Ki c‡ÿB
k~`ª cvV‡Ki g‡bviÄb Kiv msMZ| AZGe mvwn‡Z¨ Avi hvB Ki-bv †Kb, cvVK mgv‡Ri g‡bviÄb
Kievi †Póv †Kv‡iv bv|
 Avgv‡ì MÖv‡gi GKwU †Q‡ji m‡½ gv‡S gv‡SB ¯‥z‡ji c‡_ †`Lv nBZ Zvnvi bvg wQj g„Zz¨Äq
Avgv‡ì †P‡q †m eq‡m A‡bK eo _vW© K¬v‡m cwoZ K‡e †m †h cÖ_g _vW© K¬v‡m DwVqvwQj G Lei
Avgiv †KnB RvwbZvg bv m¤¢eZ Zvnv cÖZœZvwË¡‡Ki M‡elYvi welq Avgiv wKš‧ Zvnvi H _vW© K¬vmUvB
wPiw`b †`wLqv AvwmqvwQ
 Avgv‡ì MÖv‡gi GKwU †Q‡ji m‡½ gv‡S gv‡SB ¯‥z‡ji c‡_ †`Lv nBZ| Zvnvi bvg wQj g„Zz¨Äq|
Avgv‡ì †P‡q †m eq‡m A‡bK eo| _vW© K¬v‡m cwoZ| K‡e †m †h cÖ_g _vW© K¬v‡m DwVqvwQj, G Lei
Avgiv †KnB RvwbZvg bv| m¤¢eZ Zvnv cÖZœZvwË¡‡Ki M‡elYvi welqÑ Avgiv wKš‧ Zvnvi H _vW©
K¬vmUvB wPiw`b †`wLqv AvwmqvwQ|
 †mw`b †µvk †`‡oK `~‡i GK †Mvqvjvi evwo‡Z mvc awi‡Z wMqvwQ wejvmx eiveiB m‡OM hvBZ AvRI
m‡½ wQj †g‡U N‡ii †g‡S LvwbKUv Luywo‡ZB GKUv M‡Z©i wPý cvIqv †Mj Avgiv †KnB jÿ Kwi bvB
wKš‧ wejvmx mvcy‡oi †g‡q †m †nuU nBqv K‡qK UzKiv KvMR Zzwjqv jBqv Avgv‡K ewjj VvKzi GKUz
mveav‡b Luy‡ov mvc GKUv bq GK †Rvov †Zv Av‡Q e‡UB nq‡Zv ev †ewk _vwK‡Z cv‡i
 †mw`b †µvk-†`‡oK `~‡i GK †Mvqvjvi evwo‡Z mvc awi‡Z wMqvwQ| wejvmx eiveiB m‡½ hvBZ, AvRI
m‡OM wQj| †g‡U N‡ii †g‡S LvwbKUv Luywo‡ZB GKUv M‡Z©i wPý cvIqv †Mj| Avgiv †KnB jÿ Kwi
bvB, wKš‧ wejvmx mvcy‡oi †g‡qÑ†m †nuU nBqv K‡qK UzKiv KvMR Zzwjqv jBqv Avgv‡K ewjj, ÒVvKzi,
GKUz mveav‡b Luy‡ov| mvc GKUv bq GK‡Rvov †Zv Av‡Q e‡UB nq‡Zv ev †ewk _vwK‡Z cv‡i|Ó

 Avgvi gv`ywj-KeP †Zv g„Zz¨Ä‡qi m‡½ Ke‡i wMqvwQj wQj ïay welnwii AvÁv wKš‧ †m AvÁv †h
g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui AvÁv b‡n Ges mv‡ci wel †h evOvwji wel bq Zvnv AvwgI eywSqvwQjvg
 Avgvi gv`ywj-KeP †Zv g„Zz¨Ä‡qi m‡½ Ke‡i wMqvwQj, wQj ïay welnwii AvÁv| wKš‧ †m AvÁv †h
g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui AvÁv b‡n Ges mv‡ci wel †h evOvwji wel bq, Zvnv AvwgI eywSqvwQjvg|
 nwi`vm Avi evwoi evB‡i †hZ bv †h‡Z PvB‡j †m․`vwgbx †Ku‡`‡K‡U evav w`Z PZzw`©‡K †Nvjv‡U
AvenvIqv eªv`vi Rb GB MÖv‡g Av‡m wKš‧ †m․`vwgbxi m‡½ †`Lv K‡i bv †k‡l K‡qKRb gwiqv ag©cyÎ
†Zv GKw`b †m․`vwgbxi evwo nvgjv K‡i emj
 nwi`vm Avi evwoi evB‡i †hZ bv| †h‡Z PvB‡j †m․`vwgbx †Ku‡`‡K‡U evav w`Z| PZzw`©‡K †Nvjv‡U
AvenvIqv| eªv`vi Rb GB MÖv‡g Av‡m wKš‧ †m․`vwgbxi m‡½ †`Lv K‡i bv| †k‡l K‡qKRb gwiqv-
ag©cyÎ †Zv GKw`b †m․`vwgbxi evwo nvgjv K‡i emj|
 aby‡Ki g‡Zv euvKv Kswµ‡Ui cyjwUi c‡iB evwoUv †`vZjv DuPz Ges cÖKvÛ evwo Z‡e iv¯Ív †_‡KB
mivmwi `Ûvqgvb G‡`‡k dzUcvZ bvB e‡j evwoUviI GKUz Rwg Qvovi f`ªZvi evjvB bvB
 aby‡Ki g‡Zv euvKv Kswµ‡Ui cyjwUi c‡iB evwoUv| †`vZjv, DuPz Ges cÖKvÛ evwo| Z‡e iv¯Ív †_‡KB
mivmwi `Ûvqgvb| G‡`‡k dzUcvZ bvB e‡j evwoUviI GKUz Rwg Qvovi f`ªZvi evjvB bvB|
 evwoUv Zviv `Lj K‡i‡Q Aek¨ jovB bv K‡iB Zv‡ì mvgwiK kw³ Abygvb K‡i evwoi gvwjK †h
c„ôcÖ`k©b K‡iwQj Zv bq †`kf‡½i ûRy‡M G kn‡i G‡m Zviv †hgb †Zgb GKUv †Wivi mÜv‡b
D`qv¯Í Nyi‡Q ZLb GKw`b †`L‡Z cvq evwoUv
 evwoUv Zviv `Lj K‡i‡Q| Aek¨ jovB bv K‡iB ; Zv‡ì mvgwiK kw³ Abygvb K‡i evwoi gvwjK †h
c„ôcÖ`k©b K‡iwQj, Zv bq| †`kf‡½i ûRy‡M G kn‡i G‡m Zviv †hgb-†Zgb GKUv †Wivi mÜv‡b
D`qv¯Í Nyi‡Q, ZLb GKw`b †`L‡Z cvq evwoUv|
 †mB iæwUi †`vKv‡b Avm‡Zb †mLvbKvi `v‡ivMv KvRx iwdRDÏxb Zuvi evwo gqgbwmsn †Rjvi wÎkvj
_vbvi KvRxi wkgjv MÖv‡g bRiyj‡K †`‡L Zvi †jLv covi cÖwZ AvMÖn Rvb‡Z †c‡i Zvi Mvb evRbv
ï‡b wZwb gy» n‡jb
 †mB iæwUi †`vKv‡b Avm‡Zb †mLvbKvi `v‡ivMv KvRx iwdRDÏxb| Zuvi evwo gqgbwmsn †Rjvi wÎkvj
_vbvi KvRxi wkgjv MÖv‡g| bRiyj‡K †`‡L, Zvi †jLv-covi cÖwZ AvMÖn Rvb‡Z †c‡i, Zvi Mvb-evRbv
ï‡b wZwb gy» n‡jb|
 Avwg Zvnvi nvZLvwb Zzwjqv awiqv ewjjvg •ng Avgvi Dci ivM Kwi‡qv bv Avwg †Zvgvi m‡Z¨ KL‡bv
AvNvZ Kwie bv Avwg †h †Zvgvi m‡Zï evua‡b euvav
 Avwg Zvnvi nvZLvwb Zzwjqv awiqv ewjjvg, Ô•ng, Avgvi Dci ivM Kwi‡qv bv| Avwg †Zvgvi m‡Z¨
KL‡bv AvNvZ Kwie bv, Avwg †h †Zvgvi m‡Zï evua‡b euvav|Õ
 Gevi •ng Bkvivi gv‡b eywSj ¯î Av‡iv `„p Kwiqv ewjj evev Ggb K_v KL‡bvB ewj‡Z cv‡ib bv gv
Mjv PovBqv ewj‡jb ZzB Avgv‡K wg_ëv`x ewj‡Z Pvm •ng ewjj Avgvi evev‡Zv KL‡bvB wg_¨v e‡jb
bv
 Gevi •ng Bkvivi gv‡b eywSj| ¯î Av‡iv `„p Kwiqv ewjj, Ôevev Ggb K_v KL‡bvB ewj‡Z cv‡ib
bv|Õ gv Mjv PovBqv ewj‡jb, ÔZzB Avgv‡K wg_ëv`x ewj‡Z Pvm?Õ •ng ewjj, ÔAvgvi evev †Zv
KL‡bvB wg_¨v e‡jb bv|Ó

 w`b KvwUqv hvq Rxeb AwZevwnZ nq FZyP‡µ mgq cvK Lvq cÙvi fv½b aiv Zx‡i gvwU awm‡Z _v‡K
cÙvi ey‡K Rj †f` Kwiqv RvwMqv D‡V Pi Aa© kZvãxi we¯ÍxY© Pi cÙvi R‡j Avevi wejxb nBqv hvq
 w`b KvwUqv hvq| Rxeb AwZevwnZ nq| FZyP‡µ mgq cvK Lvq, cÙvi fv½bÑaiv Zx‡i gvwU awm‡Z _v‡K,
cÙvi ey‡K Rj †f` Kwiqv RvwMqv D‡V Pi, Aa© kZvãxi we¯ÍxY© Pi cÙvi R‡j Avevi wejxb nBqv hvq|
 gv ivM Kwiqv evevi Kv‡Q Zuvnvi ea~i g~pZv Ges Z‡ZvwaK GK¸u‡qwgi K_v ewjqv w`‡jb evev •ng‡K
WvwKqv ewj‡jb AvB eo †g‡qi eqm m‡Z‡iv GUv wK Lye GKUv †M․i‡ei K_v ZvB XvK wcwUqv
†eovB‡Z nB‡e
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†eovB‡Z nB‡e?Õ
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Avgiv †Kb wgQvwgwQ †jvK VKv‡Z hvB|
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Lvevi fvebv †bB, Avgiv †Kb wgQvwgwQ †jvK VKv‡Z hvB|Ó
 GwK Zzwg Avevi Kwe n‡j K‡e †_‡K åæ †Rvov KzuP‡K nVvr cÖkœ Ki‡Zv ivnvZ
bvbv Kwe n‡Z hve †Kb BZ¯ÍZ K‡i ej‡Zv Zcy Zey †Kb †hb g‡b nq ¯^cœvjy †Pv‡L ¯^cœ bve‡Zv Zvi
 GwK, Zzwg Avevi Kwe n‡j K‡e †_‡K? åæ †Rvov KzuP‡K nVvr cÖkœ Ki‡Zv ivnvZ| bv, bv, Kwe n‡Z hve †Kb|
BZ¯ÍZ K‡i ej‡Zv Zcy| Zey †Kb †hb g‡b nq ......| ¯^cœvjy †Pv‡L ¯^cœ bve‡Zv Zvi|
 Dc‡ii Aby‡”Q`¸‡jvi †jLKMY me †ÿ‡ÎB e¨vKi‡Yi wbqg AbymiY K‡i hwZ wPý eënvi K‡ib wb|
ZvB h_vh_fv‡e hwZ wPý eënvi Ki‡Z n‡j Aby‡”Q`¸‡jv wbqwgZ Abykxjb Ki‡Z n‡e|

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1.

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K. e¨vKiY Kv‡K e‡j ? e¨vKiY cv‡Vi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡jvPbv Ki|

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L. Ôfvlvi Af¨šÍixY k„•Ljv Avwe®‥v‡ii bvgB e¨vKiYÕ Ñ Av‡jvPbv Ki|

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hy³eY© MVb MwVZ kã ß c+Z myß, jyß, ¸ß

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M. A_© Abyhvqx evK¨ KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx? D`vniYmn Av‡jvPbv Ki|

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N. fveMZ ev †evaMZfv‡e evK¨ KZ cÖKvi I Kx Kx ? D`vniYmn eY©bv Ki|

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µwgK mg¯Íc` e¨vmevK¨ mgv‡mi bvg

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cÖk-œ 1. D`vniYmn mwÜ I mgv‡mi 6wU cv_©K¨ D‡jøL Ki|

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 cÖZ¨q wbY©‡qi wKQz mvaviY wbqg

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 cÖK…wZ I cÖZ¨q wbY©q

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 KwZcq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖwZk‡ãi D`vniY

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 KwZcq wecixZ k‡ãi D`vniY

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