Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

Undergraduates and even Ph.D. students have problems in writing their bachelor

papers, diploma papers, and thesis, or even if they are required to write just a short

scientific article or review (Klimova,2013). Similarly, academic writing among students

perceived as challenging that comprises the thesis writing.

General concerns on thesis writing start on the perceptions of many students that

writing a thesis is a tedious task. They often overlook its importance that will pave the

way for more opportunity in acquiring skills that is essential to one’s future career.

Especially now that the global context requires a productive research culture that can

work along with the newest trends in various areas. In the area of academic writing, low

performance is shown by the adolescent students that are a result of poor development in

writing skills while they are on their elementary years (The Nation’s Report Card,2011)

Thus, there will be a problem during the next years of their schooling or career that will

require their skills in academic writing that has structure, content, and conventions.

Postgraduates and undergraduates are under pressure in meeting their expected

productive research outputs because of different challenges that come their way while

they are on their writing process. Due to this, the hardships of the students in writing their

thesis greatly affect the whole process of their research works. This results globally in

conducting research that study the experiences of the student researchers specifically

their difficulties in writing thesis and how they would create an output to reduce their

struggles.

1
 In Tanzania, Africa various challenges are reported in writing thesis and

dissertations among the postgraduates learners. There were a total of 103 research reports

reviewed from 3 Universities that includes 39 thesis and 64 dissertations. The study

shows that more than 50% of the candidates faced numerous challenges in writing thesis

and dissertations. It seems that all chapters in writing thesis are perceived as challenging

by the candidates which include their lack of academic writing skills and

inappropriateness in presenting different chapters (Komba, 2015). Moreover, a study in

Nigeria shows the attitudes, barriers, and perceptions as perceived by the student

researchers and the teaching staff. The participants were researchers, lecturers,

technologist, and instructors. About 90.98% of the participants agreed that research is

important for an institute. However, some of the obstacles reported to have prevented

research activities included lack of funding, lack of professional mentorship and

inadequate research facilities. The suggested output to improve the research status of the

respondents is the provisions of research funds, provision of internet facilities, mandatory

publication and appropriate mentorship (Okoduwa et al.,2018).

A study in Zimbabwe Open University explores the challenges of undergraduate

students when they conduct research. A questionnaire, document analysis, and focused

group discussion were used in the study. The findings of the study showed that students

faced three categories of challenges, namely supervisor relationship with supervisor, and

students’ challenges. The supervisor’s challenges included little or no interest in research,

absence of supervisor from work and not coming to work punctually. Challenges related

to students comprised of unavailability of money, problems related to time, library

references, and problems related to the family. Moreover, there were also challenges

2
connected to college such as unavailability of the Internet, no library resources, no

computer knowledge, no workshop, unavailability, of course, related to research. All

these challenges negatively influenced the student’s ability to conduct research (Mapolisa

& Mafa, 2012). In addition, research conducted at the University of Bahir Dar in Ethiopia

finds out the difficulties faced by the teachers in supervising their students’ research. The

result of the study showed that students faced academic problems which included the

student’s inability to the research course, advisors showing no commitment, students not

having any analytical skill and low motivation in their topic of research. The findings

also showed that the students faced some social and personal factors which included little

or no relationship between students and supervisors, no skill for time management and

lack of financial support. Factors related to the institution involved lack of material and

books in the library, students’ incapability of conducting research, unavailability of the

open assessment system of research and little or no research assisted environment. All

these factors were the main obstacles and challenges that supervisors faced during

research supervision (Mahammoda, 2016).

Moreover, a study in Bangladesh that uses a cross-sectional descriptive study in

20 different medical colleges and institutes to investigate the common problems faced by

the postgraduates in their thesis works. A total of 133 postgraduates’ students and 46

supervisors participated in the study. The result shows generally identified that the

problems were lack of knowledge, lack of experience, commitment in thesis works, time

constraint, excess workload, lack of fund, inadequate and irregular meeting with

supervisors. While institute related problems were inadequate guidance and resources of

3
the institute, absence of research cell and formats of thesis writing in the institute and

inadequate cooperation of the institute (Matin & Khan, 2017).

While a study in the Northeast Normal University of China explores the thesis

writing experiences of international students who are pursuing their master's degrees. The

study aimed to examine the challenges of international students while they are on their

writing process and the coping strategies adopted to overcome their struggles. There was

5 population recruited from the master students in the faculty of education and an

interview is used in collecting the data. The interview sessions are audiotaped and

transcribed for analysis. The result revealed that the challenges faced by international

students in writing their thesis are characterized by inadequate research skills financial

supports, time frame, and technology-related skills. It is also the less proficiency of the

international students on the English Language that contributes to their writing thesis

difficulties (Ali & Dare, 2018).

In the Philippines, the research field is undervalued (Sen.Bam Aquino, 2016).

However, the College of Arts in Sciences of Batangas State University finds out the

perception of the respondents on the importance of undertaking research and the

difficulties encountered in doing research. A total of 103 respondents who answered the

self-structured questionnaire and the composite mean of 4.41 revealed that undergraduate

students perceived research to be a vital component of their academic endeavor during

college. It is likewise agreed that measures were taken to pursue writing the proposal,

conducting the research and writing the research paper with weighed means of 4.29, 4.12

and 4.19. It is concluded that research is perceived to be an important undertaking in an

undergraduate student’s stay in college (Evangelista & Arellano,2018). A study was also

4
undertaken in La Salle University to investigate the most difficult item student-

researchers of Political Science 8 encountered when they conducted their research study

during the first semester of the school year. The descriptive survey method was utilized

in this study. The researcher – made instruments consisted of open-ended questions that

were administered to the 14 students officially enrolled in the subject, Political Science

8. The study showed that the cooperation of respondents outside the academic institution

is a very crucial problem for student researchers. To some extent, students felt that

personal problems like time and stress management disturbed their concentration. 66% of

the respondents found it difficult to finish their research (Bocar, 2014).

It is believed that there is a strong connection between teaching and research as

the latter may influence teaching itself but it may be true that this is literally taken for

granted (National Council of Teachers of English, 2017). In the K to 12 Curriculum,

academic writing is now a vital part of the continuous summative assessments in most

academic courses in the Senior High School. Senior High School students are required to

present write-ups of the scientific inquiry process, draft experiments, business concepts,

marketing ideas, essays on current social issues, critique papers, project plans, livelihood

projects, and other such summative assessments.

To give more emphasis, specified in the Dep.Ed.Memo No.39,s.2016, the

Department of Education adopts the enclosed Basic Education Research Agenda which

provides guidance to the Department of Education and its stakeholders in the conduct of

education research and in the utilization of research results for planning, policy and

program development.

5
 Research became an integral part of Grade 12 Senior High in the Philippines and

since it is immemorial, thesis work has a love-hate relationship with students. Those who

have experienced it a long time ago still sympathize with situations relating to it

(IngPOP,2019).

Therefore, there is a need to conduct a study in the Senior High School learners of

Artacho National High School particularly in the Grade 12 students to reflect their

difficulties in thesis writing. At the end of this research, the output is proposed to prevent

further hardships in thesis writing for future student researchers.

Theoretical Framework

Difficulties in writing a research paper is attributed to many factors. The theory of

difficulty by Perkins (2007) can be as springboard for this study. Both educational

researchers and experienced teachers develop what might be called theories of difficulty.

A strong theory of difficulty identifies learners' characteristic trouble spots for a

particular area of instruction and includes some causal analysis of why they occur toward

improved teaching and learning. The literature on learning and development offers

numerous ways of understanding conceptual difficulties, as well as recognizing problems

of ritualized knowledge, inert knowledge, knowledge too foreign for learners to engage it

readily, and tacit knowledge, the partly unconscious nature of which poses learning

challenges. In a number of studies, a strong theory of difficulty has led to improved

learning. In everyday teaching, teachers' response to recurrent difficulties may fall short.

One not uncommon reaction is to blame the learners' weaknesses and simply keep

teaching in the same way.

6
COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORY OF DIFFICULTY
THEORY           
             Perkins, David (2007)
   Sincero, Sarah Mae (2011) The literature on learning and
Implies that the difficult development offer a lot of ways
process concerning learning to understand the conceptual
can be explained by analyzing difficulties such as analyzing the
the mental process. problems of ritualized
knowledge.

Learning

Difficulties Encountered

Grade-12 Students

Practical Research 2 Implementation

Artacho National High School

Thesis Writing Enhancement Plan/Proposed Format

Figure 1. Theory of Learning Difficulty

7
 Paradigm of the Study

This study shows the relationship between variables and how every problem is

connected to the research. This chart shows the input variable and the difficulties that

would lead to a process wherein the student researchers will be able to conduct research

to identify the outcomes and provide a certain solution.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Difficulties in
Thesis Writing in
terms of:
Proposed
a.Quantitative Institutionalized
a.Time (semi-structured
Management Skills questionnaire) Research Format

b.Qualitative
(interview)
b.Financial
Constraints
c. Quantitative
data to be
reinforced by
the Qualitative
c.Uncooperative data
Members

Figure 2. Paradigm of the Study

8
Statement of the Problem

This research aims to project the difficulties of the student researchers in their

thesis writing.

Specifically, this analysis seeks to answer the subsequent questions:

1.What is the demographic profile of the Grade 12 Learners in terms of:

a. Sex

b. Strand

c. General Average of 1st semester

2. What are the level of difficulties encountered in writing a research paper by the Senior

High

School Learners ?

3. What research format for research writing can be proposed from the experiences of the

Senior High School Learners?

Scope and Delimitation

The focus of this study is to determine the difficulties in thesis writing of the

undergraduates and postgraduates of the K to 12 curriculum of Artacho National High

School. This is limited for the Grade 12 Senior High students S.Y. 2019-2020, and the

graduates of Class 2018 and 2019 to give their perceptions on thesis writing which

includes their attitudes, difficulties, and strategies to come up with a quality research

9
outputs. Hence, the data acquired is based from those students who were delimited for

this research.

Furthermore, this research is suitable for the current Grade 12 students under

academic track, ABM (Accountancy and Business Management), GAS (General

Academic Strand), and HUMSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) who undergo thesis

writing. Thesis writing plays a dynamic role as students of Senior High School. It

develops the students learning despite those difficulties encountered by the students . It

enhance their writing skills that helps them to dig more and showcase their skills in

English writing that is inclined in their choosen topic in conducting research. However,

there are undeniably difficulties as proven with the previous studies regarding thesis

writing.

The result of this research will help the future Grade 12 students reduce their

struggles in thesis writing. It concludes finding certain steps and procedures that would

help them systematically and organized their data in a way that comes originally from

their data gathering tool and instrument.

Significance of the Study

This study was deemed beneficial to the following:

It was considered significant in guiding undergraduate students in developing

quality researchers. Through this study, they may be able to identify the difficulties in

undertaking research. Thus, helping them to come up with the measure to counter these.

Faculty members who teach research and serve as thesis advisers were also

intended to benefit from this study. The results would make them aware of the problems

10
that students encounter when they do research. In this manner, they would be able to give

proper guidance to their students and advisees in conducting hassle-free researches.

It was likewise hoped that the research will enable the Artacho National High

School to achieve its goal in terms of strengthening the research capabilities of its

students.

Definitions of Terms

ABM - Accountancy and Business Management

academic problems - refers to a specific problem that an individual is having with

learning

academic writing- a particular style of expression that researchers used to define the

intellectual boundaries of their disciplines and their areas of expertise.

analytical - relating to or using analysis or logical reasoning

anchored - a reliable or principal support

Cognitive Theory - an approach to psychology that attempts to explain human behaviour

by understanding your thought processes

dissertations - a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done

in order to receive a degree at college or university

difficulties - something that is not easy to do or deal with

GAS - General Academic Strand

gradual - taking place or progressing slowly or by degrees

11
hardships - severe suffering or privation

HUMSS - Humanities and Social Sciences

immemorial - extending or existing since beyond the reach of memory, record, or

tradition

K to 12 – covers from Kindergarten to 12 years of basic education (6 years of primary

education, 4 years of Junior High School, and 2 years of Senior High School) to provide

sufficient time for mastery of concept and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare

graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development, employment and

entrepreneurship

perception - a way of regarding, understanding, or interpreting something; a mental

impression

Ph.D. - Doctor of Philosophy

postgraduates - a student engaged in a postgraduate course of a study

reduce - make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size

senior high school - a secondary school that students attend in their 11th and 12th grade

scientific article - is a publication that is based on empirical evidence;can support

hypothesis with original research, describe existing research or comment on current

trends in a specific fields

skills - the ability to do something that comes from training, experience, or practice

supervisor - a person who supervises a person or an activities

12
tedious - too long or slow;tiresome or monotonous

thesis writing - it is a process of writing based on your ideas and research that individual

does in partial fulfilment of the curriculum

undervalued - a failure to give enough importance to something

13
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Many people agree that one of highest form of reflecting a person’s literacy,

concept development and abstraction is through writing (Saladin,C.M.,2009;Pablo &

Lasaten,2018). However, writing is undeniably a complicated process for it needs a

combination of skills that relies for good fine motor functions, thinking, memory,

knowledge of grammar, sentence structure, vocabulary and the purpose of writing

(Steven,G.et al,2001;Pablo & Lasaten,2018). Under the umbrella of writing is the

academic writing in which students always perceived as challenging. Because it is a

complex and cognitively demanding activity (Mertes,2010;Swarni,2016), that aims to do

research examination and to practice writing research result. In a previous study shows

that the academic writing plays a dynamic role in education both in students’

understanding of the course content and the consequent assessment of students’

knowledge (Ganobscil & Williams,2009;Paurillo,2019).

There would be a essential number of hindrances that every learner is going to

encounter when his thesis writing task is due. One of the most usual challenge is going to

face are due to the lack of pre-preparation for this important undertaking (British

Dissertation Writers, 2017).

The European Journal of Special Education Research entitled “The Challenges

and Problem Faced by the Students in the Early Stage of Writing Research Projects in L2

University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia” projects the challenges faced by the undergraduates of

College of Science and Arts, University of Bisha. It shows that research by nature is

14
critically challenging task that requires in depth knowledge of the subject matter,

planning, care and hard work. This explores the challenges faced by undergraduates

while they are writing proposals. Clearly, the results from this study showed that around

70% of the participants who are writing research or conducting research projects in

English is one of the predominant challenges for them. The explored challenges and

difficulties during writing the research proposals and projects such as difficulty in

deciding the topic for research, lack of good knowledge of methodology, inability of

finding modern, specialized and related references, lack of interest in research, lack of

understanding of the subject matter, lack of time, and research guiding.

There are linguistic aspects of students’ difficulties in writing a thesis. The

linguistic aspects of student’ difficulties in writing a thesis will include problems mainly

with grammar, vocabulary, punctuation and spelling. Academics is set on some quality

and standards which all academic writings must follow. It is a great challenge for most

students to be able to write in good grammatical English. A student into his school should

first master the structure of the language he studies. A good amount of dedication, hard

work and patience are needed for the same. A write-up with perfectly grammatical

language is intelligible to all; but a thesis in a poorly grammatical language will make

things disastrous in academics. Learning the rules of a language and mustering the ability

to write it without grammatical errors should be the target of every student across the

levels of education (Writeversity,2017).

A Journal of Research in Post-Compulsory entitled “Thesis Writing Challenges

for Non-native MA Students” projects that writing in a second (L2) foreign language is

generally challenging activity. The challenge such as genre of writing poses for L2

15
writers has not been properly addressed. To fill in the gap in this area, the study aimed at

comparing Master’s thesis written by Teaching English as Foreign Language (TEFL)

students in three Iranian Universities in terms of the challenges such academic writing

poses for student-writers. The corpus comprised 60 randomly selected thesis from those

universities submitted to English as a Foreign Language departments between the years

2010 and 2012. A series of one-way ANOVAs were employed to compare the means of

obtained frequencies across the thesis. The results revealed that except for organizational

problems, thesis varied in terms of language, style, content and methodological problems.

It was also found out that thesis mainly suffer from style and language problems.

Moreover, a Journal of Teaching and Education entitled “The Difficulties in

Disciplinary Research Writing: A Case Study of First-Year Graduate Students in

Taiwan” investigates the concerns and difficulties that first-year graduate students

encountered while writing disciplinary research papers at a Taiwanese University. The

findings show that research-related and linguistic-related issues are two major

difficulties. While research-related issues, such as locating relevant literature and lack of

helpful library support, were more of a concern for international graduate students,

linguistic-related issues hindered the research writing process of both local Taiwanese

and international students. In addition, a lack of disciplinary reading and writing skills

posted another problem among these students. Pedagogical implications will also be

addressed in light of facilitating first-year graduate students’ disciplinary writing practice.

Pablo and Lasaten (2018) “Writing difficulties and Quality of Academic Essays

of Senior High School Students” in this study explains the difficulties in writing

academic essays of the 227 Grade 11 Senior High School students in the School Division

16
of Laoag City. The study shows that the difficulties of the students in writing academic

essays are lack of ideas in terms of content of ideas, lack of connectivity in terms of

organization, incorrect usage in terms of vocabulary, poor sentence structure in terms of

language use and lack of citations in terms of referencing.

The studies emphasize the hindrances in conducting research among the

postgraduates and undergraduates globally and locally. As mentioned by the studies,

there are lack of such studies in the Philippine context. Even though this is a very

important issue, lack of attention has been paid to tackle such problems so far and that is

why this study will be conducted. Therefore, there is a need to do more research on this

issue.

17
 Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

Research Methodology

This chapter describes the operational of the plan of work or strategy. A number

of activities in the plan of work include the following operations: a.) research design b.)

sample and sampling technique c.) locale of the study d.) research instrument e.) data

gathering procedures f.) ethical considerations

Research Design

This study adopted a mixed method of research designed, specifically the use of

sequential explanatory design. Mixed method design uses both quantitative and

qualitative methods (Creswell & Piano, 2011; Oxford Bibliographies, 2019; Cabansag,

2019). Mixed method is also known as Quan-qual because of the idea that using two

approaches will lead to an advantage which provides a clearer understanding on the

research problems (Creswell, 2013; Cabansag, 2019). Furthermore, the sequential

explanatory design gives a depth overview of the problem through the merging of the two

approaches (Subedi, 2016; Cabansag, 2019). The general procedure had a chief purpose

of description of the students’ difficulties in writing their thesis that might be affecting

their thesis project as a requirement for completion of their secondary schooling.

Along with the things that people see in a regular students of Grade 12 taking up

their Practical 2 subject, many of them are struggling in varying ways. Some of them are

challenged by linguistic factors or the lack of adequate skills needed that must be

acquired while they are in their previous years.

18
Sample and Sampling Technique

The use of complete enumeration sampling for the Grade 12 learners who are

currently writing their research paper for the quantitative results. While for the qualitative

results, those who went through the rigors of thesis writing during the School Year 2017-

2018 and 2018-2019. We used the purposive sampling technique as it aids for the

understanding of the research problems (Dever & Frankel, 2000; Campit & Sanchez,

2018) that made them as a participants. Respondents is screened base on the following

criteria, willingness and consent to be part of the In-depth Interviews (ID) and Focus

Group Discussion (FGD).

Phase One: Quantitative Study

Locale of the Study

The Grade 12 Learners for the SY 2019-2020 who undergo their thesis writing.

Specifically, thirty (30) coming from the HUMSS strand, eighteen (18) from the ABM

strand and thirty-six (36) from the GAS strand.

Data Gathering Tool

A semi structured questionnaire is used on the level of difficulties in thesis

writing.

Prior to the administration of the questionnaire, a letter of consent is given to the

respondents. The research instrument that was used is a descriptive and correlational

method. This is by the used and in the form of floating questionnaire to the respondents

which are the current student of Artacho National High School among Senior High

19
school students. They are the chosen respondents because they are the ones who become

part of post graduates and have been experienced difficulties in thesis writing. Before

floating the questionnaire , the student researchers discussed the significance of the study.

The questionnaire was one page and contains 10 items that includes answering the

respondent’s strand, age, sex and general average. The results is tallied and interpreted

that will project the difficulties of the Grade 12 hardships in undergoing thesis writing.

(See Appendix A)

Statistical Treatment

The data is collected and treated with descriptive inferential statistics thru the

SPSS version 20. To determine the level of difficulties of thesis writing among the

respondents the computed weighted average mean is used to interpret the results.

A questionnaire is used in gathering data. The semi-structured questionnaire had

two parts, the demographic profile for the part 1 and the level of difficulties in thesis

writing for the part 2. It is consist of items that determine the difficulties of the student

respondents in undertaking thesis writing.

Data Gathering Tool

The researchers had personally administer the research instruments to the

respondents. They conferred and discussed the significance of the study and

accomplished the distribution of the instruments properly.

The respondents is only given 15 minutes to accomplish the forms to prevent

them from giving hasty responses. The student researchers is designated in 2 academic

strands that will be collecting the answered questionnaires.

20
 After the questionnaires are accomplished, the results are tallied and tabulated.

These data was the basis of analysis and interpretation.

Phase Two: Qualitative Method

Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study were the graduates of Class 2018 and 2019 who

finished their research project during the said School Year.

Data Gathering Tool

In the collection of the qualitative data, a semi structured interview guide

questions is utilized and audio taped for the sake of clarification and organization of data

given by the respondents . (See Appendix B)

Data Gathering Procedure

Purposeful sampling is utilized in this study. Purposeful sampling is a type of

sampling used in qualitative study and the selection is based on the characteristics of a

population and the objective of the study (Crossman, 2018; Cabansag 2019).

The graduates of Class 2018 and Class of 2019 is the primary informants for the

study. And no incentives is offered in exchange for participating in this study.

Data Management

The data of this study is protected from their rights as found in RA 10173 or the

Data Privacy Act of 2012.

21
Integration and Synthesis of the Quantitative and Qualitative Data

After the phases as stated above, both results is merged in order to have a more

comprehensive understanding of the research area. For the quantitative results, SPSS and

for the qualitative results Atlas is used.

Ethical Consideration

In this study all the ethical principles learn from our previous subject and with the

guide of our thesis adviser is followed. First, a written informed consent is given to the

respondents informing them the purpose of this research study. Second, the rule of

confidentiality and anomity is always applied. Third, respect and protection of the

respondents is observed. Fourth, exact responses of the respondents is tallied and

recorded to ensure the credibility of this study and during the interview, the respondents

had the right to withdraw from the research process if the respondents is not willing to

participate anymore.

22
 Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter shows the results, analysis and interpretations of the findings

gathered which has the main purpose is to identify the level of difficulties of the Grade 12

Learners in thesis writing.

Quantitative Data

The results of the demographic profile of the Grade 12 Senior High School

learners in terms of sex as shown in Table 1, shows that majority of the learners are

female with fifty-nine (59) or 70.2 percent while 29.8 percent or 25 belongs to the male

population.

Table 1
Profile of the Grade 12 Learners in terms of Sex

Frequency Percent
Male 25 29.8
Female 59 70.2
Total 84 100.0
(N=84)

However, this counter the reports from the following authorities in demographic

profiling of sex.Maybe it is because of factors such as track choices that Artacho National

High School only offers Academic Tracks and composed of mostly women while track

such as Technical Vocational Livelihood and Information Communication Technology

are composed of mostly men.This is reinforced on the report from the Philippines

23
Demographic Profile 2019 that at the age from 15 to 24, 19.17% which is 10,360,704

and female is only 9,934,789. Generally, according to Philippine Statistics Authority that

there is now 50.4% males than the 49.6 femlaes reported from 2010 that will remain

stable this year 2020.

The following statistics are the population of the Grade 12 for School Year 2019-

2010 as shown in Table 2 below;

Table 2
Profile of the Grade 12 Learners in terms of Strand

Frequency Percent
ABM 18 21.4
HUMSS 30 35.7
GAS 36 42.9
Total 84 100.0
(N=84)

Furthermore, Table 2 shows the profile of the Grade 12 Learners in terms of their

respective strand under academic track as offered by Artacho Senior High School. Being

the third batch which was only divided into 3 strands namely ABM (Accountancy and

Business Management), GAS (General Academic Strand) and HUMSS (Humanities and

Social Sciences) the population is slightly differs from the last pioneering batch. Last

S.Y. 2018-2019, the total of the Grade 12 Learners was only 76 which is composed of 19

HUMSS students (25.0 %), 23 ABM student (30.3 %) and 34 GAS student which was

about 44.7 %. This total of population in every strand shows that HUMSS students last

school year had the least of enrolees while the GAS students dominate the population.

24
 However, on the data shown above, ABM has the least of enrolees this S.Y. 2019-

2020 which only has the total of 18 among 84 population and a percentage of 21.4%. On

the other hand, HUMSS population composes of 30 learners which is 35.7%. While GAS

learners once again dominated the population for 36 students in total and is almost

42.9%. Nonetheless, the Artacho Senior High School already caters the first batch of

STEM students this S.Y. 2019-2020. Therefore, it would be expected that the population

of the Senior High School learners is increasing as shown by the last school years.

Moreover, according to PNA 2018 (Philippine News Agency) report that the Grade 10

completers almost 93% pursue their Senior High School. Wherein, the perspective of

greater work opportunities for Senior High School graduates caught the interest of

dropped out to be back in education (Sec. Leonor Briones,2018). Therefore, the increase

of population for the Senior High School learners is highly expected

The following table shows the general average for the 1st semester of the Grade 12

learners wherein majority of the learners has the average ranging from 90-99 categorized

as advance to be followed by the average ranging from 80-84 categorized as approaching

proficiency, next has the average of 85-89 categorized as proficient and the least had the

average ranging from 75-79 categorized as developing.

Furthermore, the term level of proficiency with the numerical value reflects the

description per general average of each the subject in the different learning areas (DepEd,

2012).

In addition, according to Luistro (2012), the focused of this assessment is to also

focus on character building and formation, with the goal of producing generations of

good, responsible, and productive citizens as part of the mandate of K to 12 Curriculum.

25
 Table 3
Profile of the Grade 12 Learners in terms of General Average of the 1st Semester

Academic General Descriptive Frequency Percent

Average Proficiency
90-99 Advance 32 38.09
85-89 Proficient 21 25
80-84 Approaching 27 32.14
Proficiency
75-79 Developing 4 4.77
74-below Beginner 0 0
Total 84 100
(Source: Level of Proficiency, Deped Order 31, s. 2012)

For clearer implications, table 3 shows the academic performance of the Grade 12

learners for the 1st semester that is incorporated through their general average for the first

semester. Whereas, 32 learners got the grade that ranges from 90-99 which is

categorized as advance , 21 students ranges 85-89 which is categorized as proficient, 27

students ranges 80-84 which is categorized as approaching proficiency, 4 students ranges

from 75-79 which is categorized as developing and none have the general average of 74

below which can be categorized as beginning in the 1st sem. This categories for the

general average per sem is classified in the Division Office, Pangasinan year 2012.

Academic performance of the students can be reflected through the rates of

graduating students. In similar to this reflection, the Department of Education and the

Philippine Statistic Office 2019 (PSO) report that the graduation rates for primary and

secondary levels are up to 92 to 97%. Also, the Commission on Higher Education

(CHED) found out that there were around 2.9 million college enrolees for the school year

2017-2018 and ranks second in terms of the number of college enrolees in the whole

ASEAN region next to Indonesia and as followed by Vietnam.

26
 The following table shows the level of the difficulties in thesis writing as

perceived by the Grade 12 learners gathered through questionnaire.

Table 4
Level of Difficulties in Thesis Writing as Perceived by Grade 12 Learners

Difficulties encountered in writing research N Mean Interpretation

Lack of knowledge in research writing 84 3.45 A
Insufficient experience in research writing 84 3.52 A
Lack of commitment and interest of group members in task NA/ND
84 3.32
assigned
Failure to meet the deadline given by the research adviser/teacher 84 3.60 A
Loaded of task in other subjects 84 3.45 A
Inadequate funds to finish the research paper on time 84 3.40 NA/ND
Seldom discussion with research adviser in the completion of our
84 2.50
respective research paper D
Limited facilities such as references in the library and poor internet
84 3.52
connection for research A
Poor ability in linguistic skills to paraphrase the manuscript 84 3.55 A
Scarcity of time management skills in the completion of the A
84 3.45
manuscript
Overall Mean 84 3.38 NA/ND
(LEGEND: Strongly Disagree (1.00-1.80), Disagree (1.81-2.60), neither Agree nor Disagree
(2.61-3.40), Agree (3.41-4.20) and Strongly Agree (4.21-5.00)

As shown in the data, the average of the difficulties encountered while writing

their thesis ranging on the Neither Agree or Neither Disagree preference with the over-all

mean of 3.38. This shows that further study must conduct to explore more the other

difficulties that the student researchers are experiencing. This only means that the student

researchers really are experiencing difficulties in thesis writing. As revealed by the study

from Paurillo, 2019 “Research Writing Ability of Senior High School Students as

Perceived by the Teachers in Quezon City” that teachers observe in the opening of class

27
for the Senior High School students that the previously-thrilled classroom is painted with

boredom, passiveness and lack of interest and motivation when they start teaching the

rigors of research writing.However, Pavikoff, Tanner, and Pierce (2005) that with

innovative, strategies to align with requirements for the 21st century, educators need to

generate a perception that research is useful, rewarding and worthwhile.

For clearer view, the table shown below shows the frequency of learners who

perceived the given difficulties as prevailing or existing.

Table 5

Level of Difficulties in Thesis Writing as Majorly Agreed by the Respondents

Difficulties in thesis writing Frequency of learners Percent

perceived given difficulties
prevailing
Lack of knowledge in research 31 37
writing
Insufficient experience in research 34 40
writing
Poor ability in linguistic skills to 26 31
paraphrase the manuscript
Failure to meet the deadline given 52 62
Loaded of task from other subjects 39 46
Limited facilities serve as reference 39 46
Scarcity of time management skills 37 44
Lack of commitment and interest of 35 42
members on task assigned

Inadequate funds to finish research 40 45

on time

Based on the collected data as shown above, out of 84 Grade 12 Senior High

School students 31 (37%) students agreed that they had lack of knowledge in research

writing. It is because 34 or 40% of the learners agreed that they have insufficient

28
experience in research writing. This is parallel to the study of Safari et al (2015) “The

Effective Factors on the postgraduate Students’ Interest and Participation in Performing

in Performing Research Activities- Case Study” revealed in this study that lack of

research experience affected the level of interest and participation of students in research

activities. It is because lack of knowledge in research writing means that they don’t have

enough experience in research writing that hone the skills needed in writing. This will

greatly affect the interest of the student researchers to withdraw from learning in research

writing.

While 26 or 31% of the students agreed that they have poor ability in linguistic

skills to paraphrase the manuscripts for thesis. Dwihandini (2013) “The Analysis of the

Factors Affecting the Undergraduate Students’ Difficulties in Writing Thesis in The

English Department of Mahasaraswati University” revealed that the linguistic factor as

one of the difficulties encountered by those who undertaking research writing that

included the problems in diminishing grammatical errors and difficulties when to delete,

replace and reorder grammatical items. Plagiarism in any means is a crime. Paraphrasing

is the way to put up the other ideas into your own words which is intended for the proper

citation. Therefore, research writing is also a tedious task for playing with words that

means being knowledgeable in grammar and linguistics which are considered as the

weaknesses of today’s 21st Century Learners. However to counter these, the institution

could help the struggles of the students by giving them frequent writing activities to train

the writing skills of the learners which will be their weapon in the following years of

study which will be asking for their ability in research

29
 On the other hand, 52 or 62% of the learners agreed that they failed to meet the

deadline given by their research teachers/advisers to submit their research outputs. With

this, 37 or 44% of the students agreed that they have scarcity of time management skills

in the completion of their research manuscript. In connection with this, 39 or 46% of the

respondents agreed that they are pressured due to the load of tasks from their different

subjects. A study was carried out by Alshery (2014) “ Teaching Research Writing to

Female Undergraduates in Saudi Arabia International Journal of Education Learning

and Development” that examined the difficulties of the undergraduate students of the

Najran University in Saudi Arabia. The findings revealed that the obstacles encountered

in research writing such as not having enough time to conduct research due to other tasks

from their other subjects. Also, each and every student should have time management

ability which includes setting goals and priorities, using time management mechanism

and being organized in using time. Thus, time management could also be possible

through self-motivation, performance and ability (Brigette & Rutte,2005)

Moreover, 39 or 46% of the learners agreed that they have limited facilities

serving as their reference in conducting their research. . This is also found out in the

study done by Duze(2010), Trigwell & Dunbar-Goddest (2005) “ The Research

Experience of Postgraduate Postgraduate Students at the University of Oxford” which

noted that lack of funding, library facilities, accommodation and personal problems were

the obstacles for thesis work. Unavailability of references is a factor for difficulties in

research writing that has parts where citation is included for the means of evidences and

connections of the certain research issue from past research to present which is located in

the introduction, theoretical framework up to the interpretation of collected data. Thus,

30
with the limited facilities such as unavailability of referencing from the library od wifi, it

could be hard to accomplish a good research paper.

However, 35 or 42% of the students neither agree or disagree on the lack of

commitment and interest of the student researchers on the task assigned for research. This

is also connected on the overload of task from other subjects that may cause them lose

their interest in persistently finishing their task in research or they are disturbed with

other unnecessary things which will aslo fall on the poor time management skills of the

student researchers. While 40 or 48% neither agree or disagree in the difficulties due to

funds to vcfinish research on time. This is because there are alternative ways to cope up

with this obstacles such as communicating with your thesis adviser or thesis teacher to

help you with your thesis such as in the computation for the quantitative data that is a

work of statistician, for the referencing student researcher’s could use the library,

connection with the school’s free wifi or with your members who has it on their home.

There are many reasons why they lack commitment and interest in conducting research

but there must be techniques from the research teachers to divert the attention of the

students to have the passion in research for the student researchers will not view thesis

just an requirement for the curriculum but as a tool for improvements and development

that would help the future student researchers.

Qualitative Data

After studying and analyzing the results of the interview from the respondents

regarding their experiences in thesis writing in the completion of their research project,

31
three themes are emerged. These are uncooperative members, time constraints, pressure

on task and financial constraints to go on with the writing.

Table 6

Thesis Writing Experiences of the Postgraduates Grade 12 Learners

Thesis Writing Difficulties Encountered

Uncooperative Members
Time Constraints
Financial Constraints

Uncooperative Members

One of the difficulties which the student researchers faced during the completion

of their research project is due to uncooperative members. It is connected on the

quantitative result for the lack of commitment and lack of interest of the students in

undertaking thesis writing which was 42% agreed out of the 84 respondents for

quantitative result. This can be reinforced on the study of Hidi and Renninger (2006)

“The Four Phase of Interest Development, Educational Psychologist”, that says “the

level of a persons’ interest has repeatedly been found to be a powerful influence on

learning”. They believe that interest influences an individual’s attention, goals as well as

levels of learning. The challenges encountered due to uncooperative members could also

be aligned on the quantitative result for difficulties due to failure of meeting the deadline

given by the research project teacher which was 62% of the result. Thus, uncooperative

member in the accomplishment of the thesis project is a factor included as challenges

faced by the student researchers in conducting their research. This was confirmed on the

statement below.

32
 Jean: kadalasan ikaw na lang kumikilos kung hindi pa sasabihin parang wala

lang sa kanila kaya ang labas, late ka na magpasa ng chapter na kailangan ( I’m always

the one who do the task while they are doing their own business that’s why we failed to

make it on time)

Mayumi: nakakapressure lang ay ang mga kagrupo mong hindi tumutulong at

hindi ginagawa ang kanilang naibigay na trabaho kung kaya’t hindi natatapos sa

nakalaang oras ang tesis (the only thing that pressure you is your group mates without

cooperation because if they don't do their part on time, you will not be able to finish your

thesis on allotted time)

Teamwork on the other hand is necessary between students, between students and

teachers, and among parents and among educators. The more teamwork fundamentals

exhibited, the more the opportunities exist for students to learn the vital skills of

compromise and collaborations (McQuerrey 2018).This means to say that each member

of the team has their own part and task to accomplish.

Time Constraints

Time constraints could also be connected on the quantitative result on difficulties

due to scarcity of time management skills that is 46% of the total result. Writing thesis

requires both short-term and long term time management skills, because it is a lengthy

project that does with external deadline. Driven by this fact, particular emphasis has been

paid in the modern education system to time management issues by evaluating students’

attitudes and behaviors related to time and its management (Karim & Kandy, 2015) It is

revealed that the students’ time management skills affect their academic achievement at a

33
significant level and the skills are predictors of academic performance. Also, time

management can be described as the act of organizing your schedule in such a way that

you achieve your goals effectively and efficiently (Chen, 2011). As shown on the

quantitative results, difficulties in thesis writing that are almost agreed by the respondents

are aligned on the time constraints. In the interview, statements below revealed their

views on time management.

Lisa: ang kakulangan sa oras kasi as a graduating student maraming kailangan

gawin at tapusin lalo na sa major subjects (lack of time because as a graduating student

there are lot of things to be done especially on the major subjects)

Simi: dahil kailangan mo itong tapusin sa tamang oras at gawin ang makakaya

na matapos ito dahil kung hindi, iiyak ka talaga (because you have to finish it on time

and do your best to finish it on time if not, you really will cry)

Therefore, time constraint is a factor that challenges the student researchers in

conducting their research.

Financial Constraints

One of the things that affect the making of the thesis is the financial scarcity that

is also shown on the quantitative result for the inadequate funds to finish research on time

which is 45%. Students have difficulty with the money they will need to produce their

thesis. These include prints, search loads, transportation, allowances and other things to

spend in the accomplishment of the thesis. It is reinforced on the study made by Elionnie

Marthen, entitled “Financial Problem among Students” that poor financial management

is the main cause of financial problem among students. One may not have enough money

34
in order to pay something serve as his contribution needed on their thesis. Others may

have allowance but extra fund for thesis may not be included. There are some cases that

some members of the group don’t have enough support coming from their family such

others payment are not included on their given allowance. Just like the following

statement.

Matikas: medyo magastos siya at hindi namin alam kung saan kami kukuha ng

reference shempre kung walang wifi kailangang magload, gastos ulit ‘yun (it’s a bit

costly and we don’t know where to locate references because if there’s an unavailability

of wifi we have to load for an internet)

This says that financial became a normal issue because students are not in the

same social level which can affect if someone is not supporting financially because they

reasoned out in the interview that there are many difficulties they’re encountered in

writing their thesis. In simpler words, students don’t have adequate funds to finish their

thesis.

35
Proposed Institutional Research Format

The presentation of individual research papers by the Grade 12 Learners primarily

gives them the idea the different rigors of doing research which is important prior to

graduation in their plan courses in college. More so, it is one of the requirements for

graduation in the Senior High School.

Therefore, a proposed Research Institutional Format including the processes of

making research was formulated, that will lessen if not address the identified problems on

the difficulties of research writing among Grade 12 Learners of Artacho National High

School.

A. AIMRADC Format

GENERAL PARTS

1. Abstract - this contains an introductory statement that ends with a specific

aim or hypothesis, the methodology, results, and conclusion. A minimum of

150 words and a maximum of 250 words excluding the 10 words maximum in

the keywords.

2. Introduction – Inverted pyramid style (International, National, Local)

projecting the TIPS (Trends, Issues, Problem, Sentence of Problematizing).

3. Methodologies – The research design used and how the data will be gathered

and treated.

4. Results and Discussion – Specific details (per table) on the results and

implication in relation to the Statement of the Problem. It is the summary of

36
 the result, possible reason for the result (cross ref or not) and implication of

the findings with reference to acceptable literature.

5. Conclusion and Recommendation – sentence summary of the paper

objective and its implication to research. And in the recommendation discuss

the limitation of the paper and the recommendation to future researches.

The Paper Thesis (Format requirement)

The final thesis manuscript must have a ready-for-publication appearance; it

must have standardized features and be attractively reproduced. Atlist two (2)

copies will be reproduced, one for the SHS Registrar and one for the subject teacher

handling research as part of their final requirement for the subject.

Paper

High-quality, long-lived, acid-free (neutral pH) bond paper must be used for the

University copies of the thesis. To confirm that the paper is acid-free, please check

the packaging. Check with the manufacturer if you believe the paper is acid free,

but is not indicated on the packaging. The cotton content is at the sole discretion of

the student. Photographic paper may be used in lieu of acid-free paper for images;

there is no extra charge, as there is with separately mounted photos.

The final copies must produce consistent print quality without gray or dark casts to

the background.

All copies must be on white, 8.5 x 11 inch paper. Double-sided copies may be

submitted, but please be sure that the margins are re-aligned on the binding edges to

1.5 inches.

37
Typeface

Type size should be 10, 11, or 12 point. Do not use script, or ornamental

fonts. Print must be letter quality or near letter quality with dark black characters

that are consistently clear, crisp, and easily read. Accent marks and hand

annotations must be done neatly in black ink.

Margins

The margins must be 1.5 in the left margin while on the top, bottom and

right will be 1” in order to avoid unpresentable hardbind copies of the research

paper.

Spacing

One and a half or double spacing is required in the main body of the

manuscript except where conventional usage calls for single spacing; e.g.,

footnotes, indented quotations, tables, etc.

Word and Text Divisions

Words must be divided correctly at the end of a line and may not be

divided from one page to the next. Use a standard dictionary to determine word

division. Avoid short lines that end a paragraph at the top of a page, and any

heading or subheading at the bottom of a page that is not followed by text.

Landscape

38
 For text, illustrations, charts, graphs, etc., printed in landscape form, the

orientation should be facing away from the bound edge of the paper.

Photographs, Maps, and Charts

All photographs should be of professional quality. Mount photographs

with a dry mounting process, a photo mount with spray adhesive, or double-sided

contact paper used for photo mounting. Large maps and charts should be avoided.

Where necessary, they must be folded to 10.5 x 7.5 inches or smaller; they will be

in pockets in the bound theses

Scholarly Reference

The use of APA 6th edition formatting styles for referencing and in-text

citation will be use as the universal standard format

Specific Parts (Quantitative)

1. Introduction

a. Background of the Study – minimum of 3 references from each

part of the inverted pyramid style.

b. Theoretical/ Conceptual Frameworkat – least 2 pages including

the flow chart of the theory

c. Paradigm of the Study – composed of 1 page (IPO model, variable

model)

d. Statement of the Problem– reflected the research questions,

inclusion of the hypothetical question

e. Significance of the Study – arrange in hierarchy

39
 f. Definition of Terms – operational definition included

2. Research Methodologies

a. Research Design – method and design used in the research

b. Research Locale – the respondents of the study some population

sampling

c. Population Sampling – sampling method used in order to

determine who are the respondents

d. Research Ethics – ethical standards to be followed during the

course of the research writing intsruments

e. Research Instruments – description of the questionnaire used to

gather data

f. Data Collection – guidelines and steps in the gathering of data

g. Data Analysis – process and statistical treatment of data

3. Results and Discussion

a. Presentation of Section Titles and Tables based on the Statement of

the Problem

b. Proposed Output

4. Conclusion and Recommendations

Specific Parts (Qualitative)

1. Introduction

a. Background of the Study – minimum of 3 references from each

part of the inverted pyramid style.

40
 b. Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework – least 2 pages including the

flow chart of the theory

c. Paradigm of the Study – composed of 1 page (IPO model, variable

model

d. Statement of the Problem – reflected the research questions,

inclusion of the hypothetical question

e. Significance of the Study – arrange in hierarchy

f. Definition of Terms – operational definition included

2. Research Methodologies

h. Research Design – method and design in the research

i. Research Locale – the respondents of the study in population

sampling

j. Research Ethics – ethical standards to be followed during the

course of the research writing instruments

k. Research Instruments – description of the questionnaire used to

gather data

l. Data Collection – guidelines and steps in the gathering of data

m. Data Analysis – process and statistical treatment of data

3. Results and Discussion

c. Presentation of Section Titles and Tables based on the Statement of the

Problem

d. Proposed Output

41
 4. Generalization and Reflection

Proposal Defense Final Defense

Complete Parts (Introduction and Presentation of Findings,

Methodologies) Proposed outputs and
Conclusion
 Each group will choose who
will be their thesis adviser

Title Proposal Gathering of Final

FINAL
Defense Defense Data Defense
PAPER
(July- (September (November - (January -
(March)
August) - October) December) February)

Gathering of Data

Each group will choose their

Title Defense
Formulate at least three (3)
propose titles to be evaluated
by the Panel and a simple
justification sentence on why
there is a need to study the
following titles.
statistician to team with their
thesis adviser to guide them
in the interpretation of their
data
42
All signatures of the members
of the panel were
accomplished before the hard
bind.
A final copy will be submitted
to the SHS Registrar and
Adviser
 Figure 3. Process of Research Defense

Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary/ Conclusions

The following conclusions are based on the findings generated on the study:

1. There are more females with 70% than males with 30% student researchers based on

the table 2 that shows the repondents’ demographic profile in terms of sex.

2. For the enrolees this S.Y. 2020, the Grade 12 GAS strand have the greatest number of

students with 36 in total to be followed by HUMSS strand with 30 number of students

and the least is ABM that only have 18 students.

3. Almost of the student researchers had their general average from the 1 st semester

ranging from 90-99 which had the percentage of exactly 30.09%.

4. Research is an important undertaking for the Grade 12 Senior High. However,the

findings revealed that the student researchers had difficulties in writing their research that

serves as their requirement for their research project as stated on the curriculum.

5.Based on the result, the difficulties in thesis writing are due to lack of knowledge in

research writing, insufficient experience in research writing, poor ability in linguistic

skills to paraphrase the manuscript, failure to meet the deadline given, loaded of task

from other subjects,limited facilities serve as reference,scarcity of time management

43
skills,lack of commitment and interestof members on the task assigned and inadequate

funds to finish research on time.

6. The themes extracted from the experiences of the former Grade 12 learners in their

difficulties in thesis writing are uncooperative members, financial constraints and time

contstraints which have great connections for the quantitative results.

7. An institutionalized research format is suggested to lessen the struggles of the future

student researchers in conducting their research projects.

Recommendations

Based on the findings and drawn conclusions, several recommendations are

offered:

1. Research trainings should be regularly conducted to install in the students the benefits

that they can gain from undertaking research aside from merely considering it as a course

requirement. This would also be a source of motivation for students to do research.

2. Research teachers should adopt methods and techniques of teaching Research which

would enable students to develop skills needed in the course.

3. The teachers should encourage students to work closely together in order to discover

what knowledge is lacking and to fill the gaps.

4. Teachers should use variety of activities and offer constant academic practices and

drills to the students to minimize and identified writing difficulties. With that, the student

44
will be encouraged to read academic writing outputs that will guide them as they will

write their own.

5. The school and its administrations should generously support student needs in terms of

faculties and equipment needed to undertake research.

6. Further studies should be conducted to determine other problems which may be

encountered by students when they undertake research.

7. An institutionalized framework for research works must be formulate for easier and yet

quality research outputs for the student researchers could easily cope up with.

45
 REFERENCES

Arellano, L. D. (2018). Struggle and Survive: Difficulties Encountered by Srtudents

Undertaking Research.

Dare, M. M. (2018, October). International Students Thesis Writing Experienecs in the

Northeast Normal University.

Ho, M.-C. (2014). The Difficulties in Disciplinary Research Writing: A Case Study of

First-Year Graduate Students in Taiwan. Taipei, Taiwan.

Ibrahim, S. M. (2018, January). Exploring Challenges Encountered by EFL Libyan

Learners in Research Teaching and Writing.

Khan, M. A. (2015). Common Problems Faced by the Postgraduates Students during their

Works in Bangladesh. Bangladesh, India.

Klimova, B. F. (2013). Constraints and Difficulties in teh Process of Writing Acquisition.

Czech Republic.

Komba, S. C. (2015, September 23). Challenges of Writing Thesis and Dessertation

among Postgraduate Students in Tanzanian Higher Learning Institutions.

Tanzania.

Lasaten, J. C. (2018, August 17). Writing Difficulties and Quality of Academic Essays of

Senior High School Students. Philippinnes.

46
Okoduwa, U. I. (2019, June 14). Attitudes,Perceptions and Barriers to Research and

Publishing among Research and Teaching Staff: A Case Study.

Paurillo, P. M. (2019, February 28). Research Writing Ability of Senior High School

Students as Perceived by Teachers of Sampled Schools in Quezon City. Quezon

City, Philippines.

Swarni, B. R. (2016). Students Problems in Writing Thesis: Case Study of English

Department of Mataram University. Indonesia.

Zaid, F. A. (2017). The Challenges and Problems Faced by the Students in the Early

Stage of Writing Research Projects in L2, University of Bisha Saudi Arabia.

47
 APPENDICES

Appendix A Questionnaire

Part I

Direction: Fill up the following by putting a check on your chosen demographic profile?

Sex ( ) Male ( ) Female

Strand ( ) ABM ( ) HUMSS ( ) GAS

General Average (1st Semester) ( ) 96 – 99 ( ) 80-84

( ) 90-95 ( ) 75-79

( ) 86-89 ( ) 74 Below

Part II

Direction: Read carefully the following questions and answer it truthfully and honestly.

Put a check on the column that correspond your preference.

The difficulties in thesis writing Strongly Disagree Neither Agree Strongly

is due to: Disagre Agree Agree
e nor
Disagree
1. Lack of knowledge in research
writing
2. Insufficient experience in
research writing
3. Lack of commitment and
interest of group members in task
assigned.
4. Failure to meet the deadline
given by the research

48
adviser/teacher
5. Loaded of task in other subjects
6. Inadequate funds to finish the
research paper on time
7. Seldom discussion with
research adviser in the completion
of our respective research paper
8. Limited facilities such as
references in the library and poor
internet connection for research
9. Poor ability in linguistic skills
to paraphrase the manuscript
10. Scarcity of time management
skills in the completion of the
manuscript

Checked by: Verified by:

PEDIMOR D. CABANSAG, MAEd. FLORENCE B. CABUAG, Ph. D.

Research Adviser Assistant Senior High School Principal

49
 Appendix B Interview Guide Questions

1. What are the difficulties you’ve been encountered while writing your thesis? (Ano ang

mga pagsubok na naranasan mo kapag nagsusulat ka ng tesis?)

2. Do you understand the lesson in your research subject? Does it help you to make your

thesis writing easy? (Naiintindihan mo ba ang mga lesksyon niyo sa pananaliksik?

Nakatutulong ba ang mga ito upang mapadali ang iyong pagsusulat ng tesis?)

3. What is your perceptions when you first encounter your thesis writing? (Ano ang

naging pananaw mo ng una mong ginawa ang pagsusulat ng tesis?)

4. Do you feel stressed when doing thesis writing? (Naeestress ka ba tuwing nagsusulat

ka ng tesis?)

5. Can you balance your time in doing your task beside research? (Nababalanse mo ba

ang oras mo sa paggawa ng ibang Gawain bukod sa pananaliksik?)

6. Does your thesis writing affects your other subjects? (Naaapektuhan ba ang ba mong

aralin dahil sa pagsulat mo ng iyong tesis?)

7. Does thesis writing pressure you? (Nahihirapan ka ba sa pagsusulat ng tesis?)

8. What are the challenges you encountered in writing your thesis? (Anu-ano ang mga

naranasan mo ng problema habang nagsusulat ka ng tesis?)

50
9. Does your thesis adviser guides you to be able to cope up this challenges?

(Tinutulungan ka ba ng thesis adviser niyo para malagpasan ang mga probleamang

kinaharap niyo?)

10. What are the strategies you’ve done to overcome your struggles in writing thesis?

(Anu-ano ang mga paraang ginawa niyo ng sa ganun ay malagpasan niyo ang mga

pagsubok nung kayo ay nagsasagawa ng pagsulat sa tesis?)

51
52