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LEVEL OF EFFECTIVENESS OF BARANGAY TANOD IN TALON 5

LAS PINAS CITY ON BASIC PATROL OPERATION


AN ASSESSMENT

Alvin M. Paday

An undergraduate thesis manuscript submitted to the faculty of the


Department of Criminology, Cavite State University – Bacoor City Campus,
City of Bacoor, in Cavite in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology with Contribution
No.______________ Prepared under the supervision of Mr. CLINTON G.
BEDSO

INTRODUCTION

There are different crimes that are happened in every society. Crimes

such as theft, robbery, or crimes that can be heinous such as murder or

arson. Peacekeeping is very important in order to prevent and suppress this

type of crimes. this is where the police and community police volunteer comes

in. this organizations are the one who are in charge in preventing and

minimize the aforementioned crime. But sometimes in terms of the

performance of the community police volunteer, there is some conflict that is

encountered when minimizing the crimes in the community, because most of

the community volunteers are old and their age affect the performance of their

duties.
In other countries such as United Kingdom, there is what they called

"Neighborhood Watch" which helps in safeguarding the community, it helps to

prevent and suppress the crimes in their community. their personnel reduce

crimes and enhance the community safety in their district. in terms of the

performance of their personnel, they take all crimes seriously and expect to

the people in the society to be treated with sensitivity and respect by them.

In the Philippines, The barangay tanod brigade plays an important role

in the development and progress of the barangay.  It is one of the

implementing mechanisms of the Barangay Peace and Order Committee

(BPOC), which has the primary task of ensuring that peace and order prevail

in the barangay. the Barangay Tanod was considered as the watchman of the

barangay, they are supervised by the Barangay Captain. They perform police

functions although they are not part of the Philippine National Police but they

cooperate to the police in terms of preventing crime and suppressing it.

Barangay tanod was the first responders in terms of there are incidents that

happen in a barangay. some parts in the Philippines such as Imus, Cavite,

they have trainings for the barangay tanod in enhancing their performance in

terms of crime prevention and suppression, the program is to enhance the

capabilities of the barangay tanod with the proper knowledge of the law and

skills in their performance for the purpose of safeguarding the community.

Enabling the training for the barangay tanod with proper training and skills will

help the city a much safer community. But in some cities in the Philippines

regarding the performance of their barangay peacekeeping action team, most

of their personnel were adults and old which affect their performance in terms

of crime prevention and suppression.


Barangay talon 5 conduct to know the maintain peace and order to

have units which focuses mainly in preserving peace and order to the

community as complementary to the function of a police, each barangay

builds their patrol unit as their main tools in preventing or suppressing crime in

their respective jurisdiction.

After building the patrol units of a barangay, there is a lot of issue

concerned of members specifically to their knowledge, training, and skills

regarding to their functions as member of the patrol units. As recorded in

recent years there is a lot of barangay which are their makes unbecoming of

being a part of law enforcement of barangay.

Accoding to Benjamin R. Punongbayan barangay has several powers,

duties, and functions. Among others, the Punong Barangay is empowered to

enforce all laws and ordinances; maintain public order; ensure the delivery of

basic services; enforce laws and regulations relating to pollution control and

protection of the environment; adopt measures to prevent and control the

proliferation of squatters; and adopt measures to prevent and eradicate drug

abuse, child abuse, and juvenile delinquency. The Sangguniang Barangay

can enact ordinances; levy taxes and other revenue measures; provide for

construction and maintenance of barangay facilities and other public works;

regulate use of public facilities, including waterworks; etc.

Talon 5 is one of the barangay of Las Piñas City. A highly populated

area which needs more security measure to preserve the peace and order.

After the commotion, crime committed in their area. This study aims to

determine the effectiveness of their barangay TANOD in terms of different

aspect.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Generally the study aimed to determine the level of effectiveness of

barangay TANOD in Talon 5 Las Piñas City On Basic Patrol Operation An

Assessment.

Specifically this study aimed to answer the following Questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondent in term of?

1.1 Age.

1.2 Gender

1.3 Civil status

2. What is the Level of effectiveness of barangay TANOD in the

community?

3. What is the problem encountered of barangay TANOD in barangay

talon 5 las pinas city?

3.1 Awareness Phase

3.2 Organization and training Phase

3.3 Mobilization Phase

4. Is there a significant deference between the perception of the groups of

respondent to the effectiveness of the TANOD

5. What is the possible recommendation about the implementation of

barangay TANOD in talon 5 las pinas city.


OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

Generally the main objectives of the study area to determine the level of

effectiveness of barangay TANOD in talon 5 Las Pinas city On Basic Patrol

Operation An Assessment.

1. To determine the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in

barangay talon 5.

2. To determine the Level of effectiveness of barangay TANOD in the

community.

3. To determine the problem of barangay TANOD in barangay talon 5 las

pinas city.

4. To determine the significant different between the perception of the

groups of respondent to the effectiveness of the TANOD.

5. To determine the possible recommendation about the implementation

of barangay TANOD in talon 5 las pinas city.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study would be beneficial and be significant to several individuals,

some whom will include the following:

To the barangay officers: The result of this research study shall build a good

relationship between barangay officers and the people.

Criminology Students, This study will serve as guidance for the students

who study the level of effectiveness of BARANGAY TANOD in Talon 5 Las

pinas City On Basic Patrol Operation An Assessment.


To the community of barangay Talon 5: Through this research it will help

the community to be more organized and become more discipline.

Researcher, this study will help the researcher in acquiring information about

the effects of extracurricular activities to the academic performance of the

student.

To the future researchers: This will help them to conceptualize and generate

new ideas for their research and for their reference in making a study that is

related to this topic and can be interested on the same topic. It can also be an

open development for this study and can be useful as a future reference.

Time and Place of the Study

The study started on 1st semester until 2nd semesters of A.Y 2019-

2020.It is conducted at talon 5 las pinas city.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope and limitation of this study is focused only in the Level of

effectiveness of barangay TANDO in Talon 5 Las Piñas City.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

In order for the reader to understand the study, the following terms are

defined lexically define using Webster dictionary as they were used in the

study:

Administrative Division - Administrative unit, administrative entity,


subnational entity, constituent unit, constituent entity, subdivision, or country
subdivision is a portion of a country or other region delineated for the purpose
of administration.

Barangay formerly referred to as barrio, is the smallest administrative division


in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a Village, district or ward.
In colloquial usage, the term often refers to an inner city neighborhood, a
suburb or a suburban neighborhood. The word barangay originated from
balangay, a kind of boat used by a group of Austronesian peoples when they
migrated to the Philippines.

Barangay Hall is the seat of local government for the barangay, the lowest
elected administrative division of the Philippines, below that of a Philippine
city or Philippine municipality. The barangay captain, the head of the
barangay government, will often hold office there. The elected barangay
council, the Sangguniang Barangay, will also hold its meetings there.

Barangay Tanod brigade plays an important role in the development and


progress of the barangay. It is one of the implementing mechanisms of the
Barangay Peace and Order Committee.

Community is a group of people who live in the same area (such as a city,
town, or neighborhood)

Function is the special purpose or activity for which a thing exists or is used.
Incident is an unexpected and usually unpleasant thing that happens.

Jurisdiction is the practical authority granted to a legal body to administer


justice within a defined area of responsibility.

Law Enforcers refers to public officers who task to implement the law.

Local Government Unit (LGU) refers to a subsidiary of the province which


consists of a number of barangay within its territorial boundaries.

Assessment - an idea or opinion about something or the act of making a

judgment about something refers to the wide variety of methods or toos that

educators use to evaluate ,measure and document

Barangay – a place which is a division of one district of one municipality

Program - the measure or things which are done by planning in order to

achieve a specific result

Patrol. The action of keeping watch over an area by walking or driving

around it at regular intervals

Operation. The fact or condition of functioning or being active


THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

According to estonio 2014, deterrence theory stated that Different

strategies, processes and operations are used by the peace and order

committee to attain its goals. A standard requirement for the recruitment for

the kabalikat is also important in terms of peace keeping, law enforcement of

the laws, knowledge’s about the procedures and systems in order to provide

more safekeeping in the barangay.

In addition the peace and order problem is also a result of

demography. Those who have come here without visible source of livelihood

are forced to do undesirable deeds. This is a given. It is possible that the

culprits of the crimes taking place in our barangay are residents in other

areas. So, our officials must live up to the challenge of changing conditions.

They must adopt some standard requirement for the barangay peace and

order or the barangay public safety officers so that it will help the barangay

safe and secured when it comes to peace and order. Standard requirement in

barangay public safety officers is one of the things that every individual expect

in its barangay. For theoretical, practical, and research purpose, aggression is

often subdivided into subtypes, a frequently used distinction is that between

reactive and proactive aggression. Reactively aggressive children behave

aggressively in reaction to perceived provocation or threat.

Finally Proactive aggressive children behave aggressively to achieve

particular goals. In this paper, the utility of distinguishing between reactive and
proactive aggression is explored. Eight specific criteria are formulated for this

purpose based on review of the rese arch to date. It is concluded that the

distinction appears to be useful. Despite considerable overlap between the

two subtypes of aggression. Reactive and proactive aggression appears to

constitute two separate forms of aggression with different precursors,

correlates, outcome, and indicate interventions.

Suggestions for future research and further application of the

distinction are discussed in the conclusion.


REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature

According to Heddlu Gogledd (2016) says that it is an excellent

opportunity to become part of the police support in North Wales Police, mostly

when the personnel are active, alert and have preparedness in times of

community problems. It helps gains experience within a police organization.

All kinds of people volunteer, across a wide age range, a variety of different

personnel background, skills, knowledge with the law, system and

procedures, and life experience.

In addition Melissa Hiller (2018) says that community volunteer

recruitment program has been a good fit for her. It helps seeing the strong

relationship that the police volunteer has with the community. It also gives

opportunities to participate in training courses which have contributes in their

professional growth, helps on how to safeguard the community even more,

and different strategies in helping the arrest of a law violator.

Therefore in Merseyside Police (2018) stated that one of the

requirements in volunteering is to aid and administrative support to the special

constabulary and positive action. Volunteering is a great way to keep their

community safe and to contribute in the area and brings the skills and

knowledge that enable them to deliver a first-class service to the community.

Local related literature

Barangay tanod level the maintenance of peace and order provides

security to the residences. Thus, to strengthen peace keeping in communities,


barangay peace and order is created in accordance to executive order

number 366 (1996).The Local Government Code also contains a provision

which describes the function of a barangay as an agent of persons in

authority. Section 388 of the Local Government Code reads:

According to Senator Panfilo Lacson (2016) stated that although they

are given some benefits for the task they perform, such benefits are not

commensurate with the risks they face while they are on duty, in relation on

what he said, enough benefits should be given to compensate the risk of

enforcing the law.

In addition The peace and order problem is also a result of

demography. Those who have come here without visible source of livelihood

are forced to do undesirable deeds. This is a given. It is possible that the

culprits of the crimes taking place in our barangay are residents in other

areas. So, our officials must live up to the challenge of changing conditions.

They must adopt some standard requirement for the barangay peace and

order or the barangay public safety officers so that it will help the barangay

safe and secured when it comes to peace and order.

Moore over Standard requirement in barangay public safety officers is

one of the things that every individual expect in its barangay. Security is a

feeling, according to Shehayeb (2015). She stated that “The importance of

providing a sense of security among people in public spaces cannot be

underestimated.” The author explained that the feeling of insecurity can make

people anti-social and cause stress-related outcome (p. 107). Hence, there is

a need for the maintenance of peace and order in the community to provide a

secure feeling as well as safety for the residents.


Finally the term local government generally refers to the lower level of

the political structure. It is a political subdivision constituted by law to oversee

the conduct of local affairs. The local government units perform vital functions

in national development. Under the partnership concept and with the

devolutions of functions already in place, LGUs are no longer mere

implementers of policies and administrative fiats emanating from national

authorities. They are now viewed as the chief prosecutor of economic and

social development at the local levels. The barangay tanod, which is the focus

of this study, is the basic political unit which serves as the primary

implementing unit of the government.

Performance of the barangay public safety officers is also important in

the barangay particularly in relation to its achievement of pre-determined

outcomes and objectives. The performance of the barangay tanods evaluates

the implementation of maintaining peace and order in the barangay.

Performance can be assessed in terms of the barangay tanods capabilities to

respond to the community’s need for basic essential services. Age is also the

basis for the performance of a barangay tanod in its duties, we can easy to

determine if they can handle their duties according to their ages, but most of

the times, ages like 45 to 60 years of a barangay tanod in implementing

peace and order in the barangay may affect its performance of its duties, like

for example in responding to a barangay problem, they aren’t very active or

energetic in handling a problem. Hence, Barangay tanod performance is then

measurable through discernible improvement in the quality of life of

individuals, the barangay as a whole, and more importantly the poor.

(Cadorna, 2008)
The barangay public safety officers are the first responders when there

are incidents occurred inside the barangay. As a rule, the barangay public

safety officers are the one who conducts patrolling and the one who are

rescuing before the police arrive.

The literature and studies review helped the researchers to come up with their

theoretical and conceptual framework.

According to Senator Panfilo Lacson (2016) stated that although they

are given some benefits for the task they perform, such benefits are not

commensurate with the risks they face while they are on duty, in relation on

what he said, enough benefits should be given to compensate the risk of

enforcing the law.

Iloilo City Mayor Jed Patrick E. Mabilog (2015) cited that “We know that

whatever happens in a barangay, it is the tanod who should be among the

first to respond and should have the skills and capacity to make the

appropriate reaction in any given situation,” He also added that “If the tanods

are active and are doing their responsibilities, then the barangay would be a

safer place to live in,”

The relevance of the related literature and studies to the present

studies is to inform the researchers about the roles, responsibilities, and

performance of the barangay public safety officers in their barangay, and

reaction untoward barangay-related incidents. The related studies could be

used by the researchers to effectively identify the causes and benefits of

integrating an age standard requirement for the TANOD officers in barangay

talon 5 laspinas city


METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows the research design, the respondents of the study.

The sample size and sampling design, the researcher instrument, the data

gathering procedure, and the statistical treatment of the data that the

researcher utilized for the study.

Research Design

The researcher will use the descriptive design because it best served to

answer the questions and the purpose of the study. Descriptive method

maybe defines as a purpose of gathering, analyzing, classifying and

tabulating about prevailing conditions, practices, belief, processes, trends and

cause and effects relationship and then making adequate and effective

interpretation about such data with or without the aid of statistical method.

The finding from this are expected to give the answer to the “The Level of

Effectiveness of Barangay Patrol Unit in Barangay Talon 5, Las Piñas City.

Participants of the Study

The researcher made use of the so-called purposive sampling to the

two groups of respondents consisting the member in TANOD of Barangay

Talon 5, Las Piñas City. Representative sampling is use in this study since the

purpose of the study is on the assessment on effectiveness BARANGAY

TANOD in Talon 5 , Las Piñas City.

The respondents of this study were the BARANGAY TANOD inTalon 5

Las Piñas City composed of the researcher Barangay Talon 5 , Las Piñas City

who will mostly benefit in this research.


Sampling Technique

The researchers use the purposive sampling technique which they rely

on their discretions in choosing respondents to participate in the study also

this technique and method mat prove to be efficient when only limited

members of people that can serve as primary data sources due to the nature

of this research, its aims and objectives. This solving formula is a quite

popular formula use for determining the sample size for survey research

because it is easy to use to use in computation of the size of population.

The Slovin Formula is given as follows:

N
n=
1+ N e 2

Where:

N = Total no. of PNP and NON-PNP Personnel

e = Margin of error (0.05)

There are a total number of 38, 600 community and PNP personnel and using

margin of error (0.05) we come up to 420 respondents.

Reliability of the Instrument

The researchers consulted to Clinton G. Bedso to confirm the factors

written in the instrument. Then it was validated by our thesis adviser Clinton G

Bedso. Next, we consulted other Criminology department faculty, and they

gave some inputs and suggestions. The researchers revised the instrument

based on the inputs and suggestions. After this, the researchers made a pilot
survey among some citizens of Barangay Talon 5 to test the reliability of the

instrument.

Data to be gathered

The researcher will gather first their data through having an

initial interview to the respondents of the study to identify the level of

effectiveness of barangay patrol in Barangay Talon 5, Las Piñas City. Aside

from conducting an initial interview the information gather will be used as a

basis in making a survey questionnaire. The researchers will be the one to

administer the data gathering procedure.

After gathering the data needed in the study, it will be analyzed and

treated by researchers using the suitable statistical treatment that will help the

researcher gain the answers on the statement of the problem.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The researcher employed descriptive method using the survey

approach. Descriptive statistical tools such as weighted mean, ranking and

likert scale was used to assess relevant information to serve the purpose of

the study.

1. Weighted Mean. This is use to determine the Level of

Effectiveness of Barangay Patrol in Barangay Talon 5, Las Piñas City as

perceived by the group of respondent, such as minimum qualification,

equipage, and duties and responsibilities.

Formula:

∑wx
WM= n

Where:

WM - Weighted Mean

x - Frequency

w - Rating of respondent

n - Total number of respondent

2. Likert Scale. This is use to interpret the _________ as perceived

by the group of respondents, such as minimum qualification, equipage, and

duties and responsibilities.

3. Table 1.The four-point Likert scale use in rating the level of efficiency
DESCRIPTIVE RATING NUMERICAL RANKING SCALE RANGE
Always 4 3.26 - 4.00
Often 3 2.51 - 3.25
Sometimes 2 1.76 - 2.50
Never 1 1.00 - 1.75

Table 2. The four-point Likert scale use in rating the problems encountered
DESCRIPTIVE RATING NUMERICAL RANKING SCALE RANGE
Always 4 3.26 - 4.00
Often 3 2.51 - 3.25
Sometimes 2 1.76 - 2.50
Never 1 1.00 - 1.75

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