• A loop is an automatic controller to help the process and operators
• A PID is a type of loop controller that has been accepted as the industry standard for decades. • The original loop was the governor on a steam engine, 1919
• P – Proportional (Gain) • I – Integral • D – Derivative
The output of PID controllers will change in response to a change in
measurement or set-point. Proportional Control produces the control output proportional to the current error. Although P-controller provides stability of the process variable with good speed of response, there will always be an error between the set point and actual process variable. Integral Control integrates the error term over a period of time until the error becomes zero. Typically Integral is never used alone, PI is the most common control. Derivative Control sees how fast process variable changes per unit of time and produce the output proportional to the rate of change. The derivative output is equal to the rate of change of error multiplied by a derivative constant. The D-controller is used when the processor variable starts to change at a high rate of speed.
- Nema4/4x, Watertight • Use Name Brand - Rosemount, Allen Bradley, Endress Hauser, IFM, etc. • Use “Smart” Devices – If Needed - Programmable, Communication, Self Diagnostics • Use “Networked” Devices - DeviceNet, EthernetIP, Wireless
