2.

0 FACTOR THAT CAUSES ON ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS

The environmental crisis that we have to face today, are complex consequence of

forces that connected with various interrelating factors. There are several basic factors that

underlying the environmental crisis that the number of divergent and conflicting view very

clearly. Thus, no single causes that could be pointed out as the generally underlying that

factor. So, below are the several main factor that causes the environmental pollution.

Firstly, population growth is the root cause for many human problems. Population

growth is the increase in the number of people living in a particular area. Since populations

can grow exponentially, resource depletion can occur rapidly, leading to specific

environmental concerns such as global warming, deforestation and decreasing biodiversity.

According to Ray (2011), population impact on the environment primarily through the use of

the natural resources and production of wastes and is associated with environmental stresses

like loss of biodiversity, air, and water pollution and increased pressure on arable land. This

is because the population growth requires abnormal exploitation of natural resources to

provide day-to-day essential requirement of life. In the modern area, the migration of the

people also inviting new problems of health, ecology, and human sustenance.

Next, nature of modern technology. This is because the nature of productive

technology in recent years is closely related to the environmental crisis. In globalisation,

there are many advanced technology that have been introduced with the impacts on

environment have displaced less destructive ones. This factor be responsible for the

generation of synthetic and non-biodegradable substances like plastics, chemical nitrogen

fertilizers, synthetic detergents, synthetic fibres, big cars, petrochemical and other

environmentally injurious industries and 'disposable culture, and others. Therefore, the result

of a counter ecological pattern of productive growth by the environmental crisis.

 Besides that, the development also the factor that causes the environmental pollution.

There are two type of the development which are agricultural development and industrial

development. The agriculture development means expansion of agricultural land increase in

agricultural productivity and net agricultural production (Appannagari, 2017). It suitable with

development of modern techniques, advanced technologies, the increasing of production, and

others. This is because, to solve the problem of increasing demand of food due to over

increasing world population growth. However, it also give the negative impact which is

creating hazardous environmental problems like soil erosion, destruction of forest, and others.

According to Appannagari (2017), the agricultural development degrades the environment in

a variety of ways, such as through the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and

insecticides, through the increase in irrigational facilities and amount of irrigation, and by

making changes in biological communities.

Next is the industrial development. This is because of the Rapid Industrial

Development has been give economic prosperity to people. It has also given new dimension

to socio-economic structure and has provided material comfort to the people of industrially

developed countries but it has also created many fold environmental problems (Appannagari,

2017). The rapid rate of industrialization give resulted into rapid rate of exploitation of

natural resources and increased industrial output. It can causes large environment’s scale

problem and ecological imbalance. For example, it includes the pollution and environmental

degradation, water and air pollution. In the pollution and environmental degradation, they

release of toxic elements into the environment through the application of chemical fertilizers,

pesticides and insecticides, which is it changes the food chains and food webs and physical

and chemical properties of soils. Similarly the release of industrial wastes into stagnant

waters of ponds, tanks, and lakes into rivers and seas contaminates water and causes several

diseases and deaths of organism and thus disturbs ecological balance of aquatic ecosystem.
While, air pollution like several gases, smokes, ashes and other aerosols from the chimneys

of the factories adversely affects the environment.

In addition, urbanization also the factor that causes of the environmental pollution.

The urbanization refers to general increase in population of cities or expansion of the cities

either through the migration from rural areas to urban center or the increase in population of

urban centers (Muhammad Yasir, 2014). World Health Organization (WHO) considers urban

development as one of the most effective phenomenon on human health in 21st century

(Mahdisoltani, 2015), 2015). The urbanization is growing in each country but in different

speed. For example, the time period for reaching population of a city from 1 million to 8

million is 130 years for London in United Kingdom, 45 years for Bangkok in Thailand and

only 25 years for Seoul in South Korea. During 1995-2005, urban population of developing

countries has increased approximately 1.2 million people per week which has caused several

problems for municipalities for developing sanitary and economic infrastructures

(Mahdisoltani, 2015). The problem or the effect of urbanization that occurs like pollution,

respiratory diseases, and so on.

Lastly, the factor is deforestation that also contribute to the causes of the

environmental pollution. Forest is very important to whole actually. This is because, the

forest encourage and increase infiltration of rainwater and thus allow maximum recharge of

groundwater resources, minimize surface run-off and hence reduce the frequency, intensity

and dimension of floods (Appannagari, 2017). There are many reasons accounting for

deforestation despite its harmful effect on the environment. Actually, people need timber and

wood from the trees to make paper, houses, and buildings due to urbanisation in some areas.

It is used for commercial as well as industrial use. But, there also have several causes the

deforestation occurs besides that, such as expansion of farming land, forest and other

plantations, logging and fuel wood, overgrazing, fires, and others. For example, one main
cause of deforestation in the Amazon is the spread of highways, which is the recent

development of regions in the Amazon resulted in a need for new roads and highways (Singh,

2017).

In a nutshell, the many factor that causes of the environmental pollution actually

contribute to the environmental crisis. The factors are often in complex webs which are

social, technological, environmental, and political. It also give the negative impact to whole.

The population is important resources but it not the major factor for the causes of

environmental crisis. The nature of modern technology and the rapid of development such as

agricultural and industrial also the causes of environmental pollution happens. The

globalisation that occur around the word make the urbanization and deforestation are

increasing recent the year. Thus, the factor that causes on environmental crisis very crucial

and the government every country must alert about that. They should solve the problem of

environmental crisis with wisely.

REFERENCES
Appannagari, R. R. (2017). Environmental Pollution Causes and Consequences: A Study .
North Asian International Research Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities , 151-
161.
Gursharn Singh, B. S. (2017). Deforestation and Its Impact on Environment . International
Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering , 262-268.
Mahdisoltani, K. K. (2015). Urbanization and its Effects on the Environment and Society
Along with Sustainable Development . Third International Symposium On
Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, 1-13.
Ray, I. A. (2011). Impact of Population Growth on Environmental Degradation: Case of
India. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 72-77.
Yasir, M. (2014). Urbanization on Environment. Retrieved from Slideshare :
https://www.slideshare.net/muhammadyasir7758235/urbanization-on-environment