1. I. (See Problem 7.3 from Book of Paz and Leigh).

Assume a shear building model for the frame

shown and determine the natural frequencies and normal modes. Use manual and
computeraided solution. Assume for all columns that EI = 10^6 k-in^2

Using Stiffness Matrix

[K] = [ 22 kk −2 k
−5 k ] [M] = [ M0 0
−2 M ]
Part a : Natural Frequency

Recall that :¿ K−mw 2∨¿ Then let w 2 = λ

Therefore use : |K-m λ | = 0

[ 22 kk −2 k
−5 k ] - [ M 0
0 −2 M ]
=0

[ 2 K−2−mk λ −5 K−2−2m
k
λ]

(2 k −m λ)(5 k −2 m λ)−(2 k )(2 k )=0

10 k 2 – 4 km λ – 5 km λ+2(m2)( λ2) – 4(k 2)=0
6 k 2 – 9 km λ+ 2(m2)( λ 2)=0
2(m2 )( λ2 )– 9 km λ+ 6(k 2)=0

9 ± √ ( 9 km)2−4∗2 m2∗6 k 2
λ=
2(2 m2)

9 ± √ (81km)2−4 9 k 2 m 2
λ=
4 m2
9 ± √ 33 km
λ=
4 m2
9 ± √ 33 k
λ=
4

9+ √33 k 14.74 k
λ 1= = ( )
4 4 m
9−√ 33 k −3.25 k
λ 2= = ( )
4 4 m
w 1=√ λ 1=1.91 √ k / m
k
w 2=√ λ 2=1.90 i
√ m
(imaginary therefore neglect )
Part b. Normal Modes
Recall : |K-mw^2|φ = 0
Use : w 1=1.91 √ k /m

[−22 kk −2 k
5k ] - [ M0 0
2M ] [ 3.68( mk )] φ = 0
[ 2 k−3.60
−2 k
k −2 k
5 k−2∗3.68 k ]φ=0
k −2 k
[−1.60
−2 k −2.36 k ] [ φφ 1112] = 0
For 1st mode shapes :

k −2 k
[−1.60
−2 k −2.36 k ] [ φ112] = 0
[ −2 k−2.36 k ] [ φ 12 ] = 0

φ 12=−0.047
[ φ 11 , φ 12 ] =[ 1 ,−0.84 ]

For 2nd mode shapes :

−2 k−(−.8125 k ) −2 k φ 21
[ −2 k −5 k −2∗(−.125 k ) φ 22 ][ ] =0
−2 k −( 5 k +2∗.125 k )( φ 22 )=0

[ φ 21 , φ 22 ] =[ 1 ,−.30 ]
II. A 3DOF shear building model has the following properties. Each column has length L = 4 m and cross-
section of 0.6 m x 0.6 m. E = 25000 MPa. The columns support the mass shown in the figure.
a. Compute the stiffness for each column.
b. Set-up the equation of motion in matrix form
c. Solve for the natural frequencies
d. Solve for the mode shapes
e. Solve for the normalized mode shapes & check the
orthogonality conditions for mass and stiffness
f. Solve for the modal participation factors You may use
Matlab/Excel for the matrix operations and the
eigen-value problem.