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Emotional Intelligence
It’s what makes us respond to a crying baby, a furrowed brow or a smiling face. It’s also
what brings us together, lifts us upward and inspires us onward. Defined by
psychologists in the early ‘90s,Emotional Intelligence is the ability to monitor one’s own
and others’ feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this
information to guide one’s thinking and actions. “Know themselves,” said Plutarch,
writing in ancient Greece. Now extend that to others.
EI vs. IQ
The EI Advantage
While no substitute for ability, knowledge, or skills, Emotional Intelligence (EI) can be a
significant asset on the job.
• EI can affect the bottom line: In one study, experienced partners with high EI in a
multinational firm delivered $1.2 million more profit from their accounts -- 139% -- over
their cohorts.
Four Fundamentals
• What are you and the other person thinking as a result of your feelings?
• What caused you and the other person to feel the way you do?
• What will you do to manage your, and the other person’s, feelings?
"It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one
most responsive to change." - Charles Darwin
Apparent in many aspects of human interaction is the notion of "survival of the fittest." In
business, government, science, and even personal relationships, the competition for
that which is scarce drives humans to find an "edge" over their adversaries. A good
indicator of success in the past has been the level of one's intelligence. It was assumed
that the relationship between one's IQ and one's success would be positively correlated.
In other words, "smarter" individuals were bound to triumph over those less intelligent.
However, what about "book smarts vs. street smarts?" Can an individual with an
average IQ be more successful than an IQ genius?
Yes, but only if the individual in question has the higher level of emotional intelligence
(EQ); IQ will get you through school, but EQ gets you through life.
Short Definitions
IQ - A number that signifies the relative intelligence of a person; the ratio multiplied by
100 of the mental age as reported on a standardized test to the chronological age. IQ is
primarily used to measure one's cognitive abilities, such as the ability to learn or
understand new situations; how to reason through a given problem/scenario; the ability
to apply knowledge to one's current situations. It involves primarily the neo cortex or top
portion of the brain.
80 - 89 – Dullness
Under 70 - Feeble-mindedness
EQ - A measure of one's emotional intelligence, as defined by the ability to use both
emotional and cognitive thought. Emotional intelligence skills include but are not limited
to empathy, intuition, creativity, flexibility, resilience, stress management, leadership,
integrity, authenticity, intrapersonal skills and interpersonal skills. It involves the lower
and central sections of the brain, called the limbic system. It also primarily involves the
amygdala, which has the ability to scan everything that's happening to us moment to
moment to see if it is a threat. As defined by Dr. Daniel Goleman, the components of
emotional intelligence are "simple, yet powerful enough to effect change." Hence, if
Goleman and Darwin are to believed, it is emotionally intelligent individuals who are
most able to adapt to dynamic environments and therefore most likely to survive (read:
succeed).
The Components of EQ
Emotional intelligence is measured using 5-major components and 15-subcomponents:
1. Intrapersonal Skills (ability to understand and apply personal emotions)
5. General Mood
* Optimism
* Happiness
How can EQ Help?
To be successful and survive in today's society, individuals need to have the necessary
communication and organizational skills to make sound decisions and interact with each
other. Goleman argues that an individual's success at work is 80 percent dependent on
emotional quotient and only 20 percent dependent on intelligence quotient. This is
because EQ components are useful in assisting employees with decision-making in
areas like teamwork, inclusion, productivity, and communication.
Furthermore, good listening habits and skills are integral components of EQ, and carry
the elements of self-awareness and control, empathy and social expertness. When a
manager at AT&T Bell Labs was asked to rank his top performing engineers, high IQ
was not the deciding factor, but instead how the person performed regarding the
answering of e-mails, how good they were at collaborating and networking with
colleagues, and their popularity with others in order to achieve the cooperation required
to attain the goals. This is just one example of the benefits of high EQ regarding
communication skills, time management, teamwork, leadership skills and business
acumen. After all, we've often heard of the "genius" with no personality, and the brilliant
surgeon with a horrible bed-side manner.
The component of IQ:
1.Verbal Intelligence -Verbal intelligence is one main component of the IQ test. It tests
verbal abilities, your ability to use verbal skills in problem-solving and your capacity to
learn verbal material. This part of the test includes questions that involve analogies,
verbal puzzles, synonyms and antonyms.
3.Spatial Reasoning- The IQ tests spatial reasoning abilities. This involves the
visualization of objects in space. The IQ test measures your ability to move 3D objects
by rotating them and tossing them. The spatial reasoning part of the IQ test involves
object assembly and picture completion.
4.Visual Intelligence- Visual intelligence measures the ability to obtain information from
visual material. If you score highly in visual intelligence, it means that you comprehend
information well and are able to convey it easily to others. The visual intelligence
component of the IQ test includes problems such as picking identical things from a
collection of objects and putting separate pieces of information together.
It is said that while IQ ensures your success in school, EQ ensures your success in life.
It works in this way. Suppose you find out about a problem at your office. You know the
facts and the reason behind the failure. That is your IQ. When you use these to motivate
your employees, that’s your EQ. If you know the facts, but are unable to empathize with
your employees, berate and de motivate them, you have a low EQ. When you try to
convince someone by facts alone, it shows your IQ, but when you appeal to his
emotions and reason together with the use of facts, that’s your EQ!
So far as the technicalities are concerned, the results of an IQ test and an EQ test may
be very different. For instance, children with autism tend to have a high IQ, but they
usually have a low EQ count.
Our minds are obviously the control center of our lives and the ultimate determinants of
what happens to us in life. Throughout our lives we all come in touch with people who
have high IQs yet seem to do poorly in life. I was lucky early in my career to be
introduced to a concept that helps explain this seeming contradiction. It is the difference
between IQ [ intelligenced quotient] and EQ [emotional intelligence]. IQ is determined by
an aptitude test that one takes in a controlled and protected environment such as a
class room. EQ or emotional intelligence is what comes through in real life situations
where we are facing the realities and pressures of life - it is applied judgement. "EQ can
be defined as the intelligence that comes through after being strained through your
emotions. Emotions can almost completely negate IQ. A good example of this is when
we get angry and it consumes us to the point where we can't think. One advantage that
Muhammad Ali gave himself over his opponents was his ability to "psych" them [gain
emotional dominance over them] by making them mad- "never lose your head in the
ring." Many of the "psychological games" which are used by "social deviants" as
discussed on the main forum have the goal of angering the person that they want to
exploit. This is where NERVE FORCE comes in. NERVE FORCE gives us the ability to
control not only our minds and our muscles,but our emotions as well. It coordinates all
three parts of "the self" and gives us the ability to direct that full force toward our goal
whatever it maybe. Astute observers and trainers of human potential through the ages
have recognized this power dating back thousnds of years. The thing that makes the
training techniques of Transformetrics so superior is that it develops NERVE FORCE
and gives you strength that you can apply in every part of your life from moving furniture
to dealing with a stressful business situation. It develops EQ.
IQ and EQ are both measures of intelligence. IQ, which stands for intelligence quotient,
measures your cognitive and analytical-logical abilities. EQ, which stands for emotional
quotient, is a measure of your emotional intelligence. Specifically, EQ measures how
you view yourself and how you relate to those around you.
The study of Emotional Quotient is very recent. The concept of emotional intelligence
only appeared on psychology lexicons in the early 1980s. The study of IQ, however,
stretches for more than a century already. In fact, the standardization of IQ tests has
been created since early 20th century.
Emotional Quotient measures your skills to use your cognition and your emotion in
solving problems that confront you. Essentially, EQ has concrete practical applications
because it takes into consideration your human reactions and your practical problem
solving skills.
When determining your EQ, psychologists will try to test your capabilities related to
everyday stress management. Your creativeness and ability to lead other people are
also measured in EQ tests. If you have high Emotional Quotient, your intrapersonal as
well as interpersonal relationships are superior.
The IQ Factor
IQ tests are designed to specifically determine how you think and how you apply your
learning to manipulate your environment. IQ also dwells on your mental aptitude to
handle and understand abstractions and how to create a logical reason for them. That is
why when you take an IQ test, you will have to answer several questions on numerical
aptitude, vocabulary, reasoning, and abstractions.
The Main Differences of EQ and IQ
Some experts believe that you need to have a high Intelligence Quotient so you can
succeed in your academic activities. However, you will need an equal amount of
Emotional Intelligence so you can succeed in life.
Your IQ and EQ levels can also manifest in the way you handle people relationships.
High IQ individuals will use logic and facts in order to convince people. Those with
superior EQ will appeal to emotions and use reasoning to convince or persuade others.
It is not surprising to see that high IQ individuals tend to rely solely on cognition to
resolve life's practical problems. On the other hand, those with higher EQ will use
cognition as well as emotions to approach life's problems.
Advocates for emotional intelligence contend that high IQ alone is not enough to
guarantee success in life. Some individuals who have superior IQ lack the necessary
people skills. This makes their intelligence ineffective.
Conversely, average persons with average IQ but with high EQ are more likely to
succeed. That's because they will have the capability to lead others and have a
harmonious relationship with those around them.
On the other hand, individuals cannot possibly improve their EQ level if they have
borderline or below borderline IQ. That's because cognition and analytical skills are still
needed to develop people skills.
If you have enough ability to learn, then you are better equipped to improve your
emotional intelligence. You need to have good IQ and high EQ levels so you can cope
well with everyday problems you encounter.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My earnest thanks to Prof. Saurabh Jain for his valuable guidance and
support in giving me a free hand during the course of the work. I owe him
an enormous intellectual debt.
Last but not the least, I am thankful to my parents, family members and
friends for supporting me morally and making me realize my strengths
while overcoming my weaknesses.
Sri Sharada Institute Of Indian Management - Research
(A unit of Sri Sringeri Sharada Peetham, Sringeri)
Approved by AICTE
Plot No. 7, Phase-II, Institutional Area, Behind the Grand Hotel, Vasant Kunj,
Project On
Gaurav Kumar
Manisha Sharma
Ritu Rani
Romi Rathi
Neeraj Hotwani
Section- A
CONCLUSION
If IQ defines how smart you are, EQ determines how you use that blessing. Individuals
with high EQ's are better equipped to make use of their cognitive abilities. They are
often chosen for advancement in their professions or volunteer experiences because
they possess the ability to inspire people to action and to make others feel more
confident. People with high IQ's but low EQ's sometimes sabotage themselves because
they are unable to relate to their peers, cannot handle stress constructively, and find
emotional connections difficult to maintain. Developing your EQ can help you access
your innate intelligence and amplify your empathy, which can lead to career
advancement and better relationships. Practice embracing your uniqueness and the
uniqueness of others, expressing your feelings and interpreting those of your friends
and family, and being decisive - all of which can help boost your EQ.
Experts say that a heightened EQ can bring happiness because it lets you focus on
feelings as well as facts, whereas the IQ is concerned with logic. A strong EQ also
makes you more able to access the benefits of your IQ because it takes both to build a
successful career, strong relationships, and a fulfilling life.
BIBILIOGRAPHY
1. www.google.com
2. www.wikipedia.com
3. www.docshare.com