12

Philippine Politics
and Governance
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Political Ideologies
 Philippine Politics and Governance – Grade 12
Self-learning Module
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Political Ideologies
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor M. Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Jefferson B. Magbanua

Editors: Liberty P. Lego, Eric G. Buenafe, Lerma J. Oscares, Ronaldo H. Lamit

Reviewers: Arlo L. Villalva, Leila G. Valencia, Jezereel Grace G. Tiron, Bernie P. Alcedo

Illustrator: Hilda S. Salvilla

Layout Artist: Jefferson B. Magbanua

Management Team: Ma. Gemma M. Ledesma

Elena P. Gonzaga
Donaldby
Printed in the Philippines T._______________________________.
Ginene
Mary Hazel Vivien P. Pineda
Arlo L. Villalva
Leila G. Valencia
Liberty P. Lego

Department of Education – Region VI - Western Visayas

Office Address: Duran Street, Iloilo City
Telefax: (033) 336-2816, (033) 509-7653
E-mail Address: region6@deped.gov.ph
 Grade Levels: Grade 12
Specialized Subject: Philippine Politics and Governance
Semester: First/Second Semester

LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Differentiate the political ideologies.

(HUMSS_PG12Ib-c-7)
 POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES

This lesson deals with political ideologies. According to David Ingersoll

(1991), political ideologies refer to the a logical set of ideas that contain an
assessment of the present system and a definite plan of action by which a
better future can be attained by society.
Political ideologies serve as framework through which governments are
established and laws and policies of a country are created. Political leaders
tend to decide on pressing issues on the basis of their individual and political
party’s ideology. Hence, understanding the direction and values of each
political ideology relative to their placement in the political spectrum is
important.
This module will help you understand and contrast the fundamental
principles of five political ideologies, namely, Anarchism, Absolutism,
Liberalism, Conservatism, and Socialism.

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

1. identify and discuss the basic tenets of each political ideology;

and
2. differentiate the ideologies in the left, right and center of the
political spectrum.
 Before we proceed to the lesson, let’s check your working knowledge on
political ideologies.

Direction: Read each item carefully. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and
FALSE if otherwise. Write your answers on the blanks before the numbers.

_______1. Those whose political ideologies are found at the extreme left of the
political spectrum are as equally dissatisfied as those who have ideological
inclinations found at the right wing.
_______2. Leftists advance collectivism and therefore shun away from private
enterprise.
_______3. Liberals are more doubtful about the capability of human reason in
advocating deep, far-reaching change in society than the conservatives.
_______4. Ideologies at the extreme left of the political spectrum are inclined to
preserve the present system because they believe more in tried and tested
policies and institutions of society.
_______5. Leftists leave to governmental authority the production, pricing and
distribution of goods.
_______6. Rightists are more concerned about economic equality than the
leftists.
_______7. Leftists view individual freedom and the “self” as more important than
society.
_______8. Anarchists have a more pessimistic view of government than
absolutists.
_______9. Absolutism and conservatism share a strong inclination towards
tradition.
_______10. Both socialism and liberalism believe in economic equality through
the elimination of socio-economic classes.
Crossword Puzzle Box
Direction: To introduce the different political ideologies with reference to the
political spectrum, let’s try to look for the hidden terms in the crossword puzzle
box. Write your answers on the spaces provided below.

A P S R T H E O C R A C Y W
N R W I U E O X G P Z O L M
A O X J V F P Y H Q A N M O
R G Y K R G F A S C I S M D
C R Z L A H Q Z I R B E N E
H E A M D I R A J S C R O R
I S O C I A L I S M D V P A
S S B N C J S B K T E A Q T
M I C O A K T C L U F T R E
N V D P L I B E R A L I S M
O E E Q B L U D M V G S S F
P U A B S O L U T I S M T G
R E A C T I O N A R Y I U H
P U R E X C O M M U N I S M

Vertical (in any order)

1. __________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
4. __________________________________________
5. __________________________________________

Horizontal (in any order):

1. __________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
4. __________________________________________
5. __________________________________________
6. __________________________________________
7. __________________________________________
 Do you know which political ideology do you lean towards to on specific
issues? Let’s find out through this activity.

Political Ideology Quiz

Direction: Please take the quiz on political ideology below. Tally your points to
get your total score and use the Self-government Compass to discover your
political identity. If you agree to the statement, encircle the letter “Y” to indicate
YES. If you disagree, encircle the letter “N” which corresponds to NO. However,
if you’re still undecided, encircle the letter “M.” To use the Self-Government
Compass, mark your personal score on the left, and your economic score on the
right. (See example of 20 percent personal and 10 percent economic). After
which, follow the grid lines until they meet and you will know the political ideology
which you’re most likely inclined to.

Are you a self-governor on PERSONAL issues? 20 10 0

1. Illegal drug laws should be amended/revised because Y M N
they lead to more disadvantages than benefits.
2. Freedom of expression and speech of the media and Y M N
ordinary citizens, including the internet, should not be
censored by the government.
3. There should be no laws concerning sex involving Y M N
consenting adults.
4. Arrangements between doctors and patients should Y M N
not be interfered by the government.
5. Private clubs and organizations should be free to admit Y M N
or refuse any member.

Are you a self-governor on ECONOMIC issues? 20 10 0

1. People are better off with free trade than with tariffs. Y M N
2. Businesses and firms should be restricted from Y M N
receiving government subsidies for their operation.
3. Hiring and employment practices of private companies Y M N
should not be dictated by government.
4. Membership in a union should be on a voluntary basis, Y M N
not compulsory.
5. Minimum wage laws lead to unemployment and Y M N
underemployment and these should be repealed.

NOTE: This table was revised but adopted from the Canadianized version of the World’s
Smallest Political Quiz produced by The Fraser Institute, originally adapted for the
November/December 1993 issue of the Canadian Student Review by John Robson. The U.S.
version is published by Advocates for Self-Government, Inc., a 510(c)(3) non- profit organization
in Atlanta, Georgia.
 Self-government Compass

Deciphering the Political Ideologies in the Political Spectrum

Direction: Work on this activity to enhance your knowledge on ideologies.
Decipher the different political ideologies in the left, middle and right of the
political spectrum by arranging the letters correctly. Write your answers on the
blanks after each number.

Left Middle Right

Rights-Violating Rights-Violating Rights-Violating
Ideologies & Systems Ideologies & Systems Ideologies & Systems
(Extreme Force) (Degrees of Force) (Degrees of Force)

The Political Spectrum

1. UPER CMOMSUNMI 1. MEDRON LAMILISBER 1. CIMAPALTIS

2. SALCIOSIM 2. SIROGVIMSPRES 2. CALCALSIS LAMILISBER
3. FMICSAS 3. COVRENMSATIS 3. COSTIALTIONTUN LAMILISBER
4. ANCYARH
5. CRATEOCHY 1. ________________ 1. ______________________
2. ________________ 2. ______________________
1. ______________
3. ________________ 3. ______________________
2. ______________
3. ______________
4. ______________
5._______________
__
Picture Interpretation and Analysis
Direction: Look at the image below and give context to it. Analyze the situation
depicted by the photo by answering the guide questions on a separate sheet of
paper.

Guide Questions:
1. What sector or socio-economic class (e.g. lower class, middle class, upper
class) of the Philippine society does the child in the drawing represent? Explain.
2. Considering the context of the illustration, what three (3) key programs or
policies would you push to uplift the living conditions of such sector or class if
you were the president of the country? Why?
3. Given the plan of action which you have in mind, which political ideology or
side of the political spectrum (left, middle or right) do you have the strongest
inclination? Why?
4. With reference to your political ideology inclination, what do you think would a
president who is leaning towards the opposite side of the political spectrum
prioritize as key program or policy if he/she were to address the same situation?
Explain.
 The Political Spectrum and Political Ideologies

In studying the basic underlying principles of each political ideology, using

the spectrum of political attitudes (or simply, the political spectrum) would make
things easier. A political spectrum is a system which characterizes and groups
different political positions relative to one another. Each position in the political
spectrum lies on one or more geometric axes that represent independent political
dimensions.
In political discourse, among the common terms used are radical, liberal,
moderate, conservative, and reactionary. Each plotted on a specific point in the
political spectrum, these political positions (radical, liberal, moderate,
conservative and reactionary) actually pertain to the attitudes that an individual,
government, party or country can adopt relative to a specific societal issue. The
concepts of political change and political values must be discussed in relation to
these five terms in order to gain a clear understanding of what they represent.
Situated farthest to the left in the political spectrum, radicals find the
status quo (or the present system) extremely dissatisfying. As such, radicals
wish to change the existing order of things immediately and profoundly by
pushing for something new, different and untried.
Wishing to alter the current system significantly but not as dissatisfied as
the radicals are the liberals. Although classical liberals are accustomed to center
on elements of collectivism and highlight the provision of human rights, both
radicals and liberals believe in the equality, intelligence and competence of
individuals.
Moderates find minimal error and fault in the existing society, and their
unwillingness and misgivings to usher change are exceeded only by the
conservatives. With their views contrasting from that of the liberals’ in most
facets, conservatives fear the fallibility of human reasoning and, hence, believe
that proposing deep, far-reaching change through bold efforts might worsen
things. Only reactionaries suggest that existing institutions reject modern values
and would want society to revisit and adopt previously held political policies and
rules as these are deemed more effective.
More than the direction of the policy changes people advocate, the values
held highly by individuals tend to be more indicative of the position they occupy
on the political spectrum. Those who emphasize authority, elitism, and property
rights find themselves in a position placed on the right of the spectrum while
those on the left are the ones who have strong adherence to the principles
encompassing human equality, human rights and political liberty.
More than these philosophical convictions, there is a number of other
factors or motivations that cause individuals or parties to lean to the left or right
of the political spectrum. A major consideration are psychological factors about
the need for change. Socio-economic classes and situations also form part of the
motivations. Another telling element is age. Lastly, how one perceives the
condition of human nature is seen as the most crucial determinant when it comes
to which side of the spectrum one identifies with.
 The chart below would help you have a clearer view of the political
spectrum.
The Political Spectrum
Regressive
Progressive Change Status Quo Change

Radical Liberal Moderate Conservative Reactionary

Desires Desires rapid, Fairly Is the most Wishes things to
immediate, far-reaching contented with contented with be as they were.
fundamental change. the society. society. Is active The frustration
change, is Believes people Supports in defending it level of the
frustrated, can improve gradual against extreme
impatient, and their lives change. challenges to the reactionary is
revolutionary. through the use status quo. Is equal to that of
Some insist on of reason. pessimistic about the extreme
violence, human capacity radical.
whereas others Classical to improve life
only tolerate it Liberal through the use
or reject it Believed in of reason.
altogether. natural law. Depends on
Believed private “tried and tested”
property was institutions.
inalienable. Believes private
Believed property is an
government inalienable right.
oppressed Desires order.
people.

Contemporary
Liberal
Believes private
property is a
social right.
Believes
government
should improve
life through
social
engineering.
Left Middle of the Right
Road
Supports: Supports:
- Support human rights - Exalt property rights above all else
- Are rationalists (the use of reason in - Are irrationalists
solving social issues) - Are elitists
- Support egalitarianism (equality) - Rely on police power to control
- Are suspicious that police power is threats to the status quo
used to oppress common people - Oppose government involvement in
- Will use government to protect the economy
people against the economic elite - Are nationalists
- Are internationalists
NOTE: This chart was adopted from the book Political Ideologies: Their Origins and Impact
(Tenth Edition) by Professor Leon P. Baradat, Professor Emeritus, MiraCosta College.
 Having a comprehensive understanding of the political spectrum and the
placement of various political attitudes therein, let us now focus our discussion
on the five (5) major clusters of political ideologies and how their basic beliefs on
political change and the values that they identify with contrast.

1. Anarchism
Anarchism, as a political ideology, views any fixed form of government
restrictive. As such, in this ideology, government is believed to be an instrument
of control and oppression and, hence, considered irrelevant. This perspective on
government being unnecessary suggests that an anarchist society holds
premium on the freedom from governing authority. The lack of a controlling
institution, specifically the government, leads to another belief of anarchism
which is ownership of production being common to everyone. Production
ownership being extensive in nature has a two-fold end: economic and political
freedom.

2. Absolutism
As an ideology which considers both heredity and divine right as
references to how an individual rises to the ranks of leadership in society,
absolutism concentrates power and control to one person. This characteristic
allows people to treat their leaders not just as a governmental leader, but also a
leader in religious affairs. Due to the duality of leadership nature a leader may
exert in an absolutist society, a main distinct feature of such society is a stable
structure that promotes people’s adherence to order. The emergence of the
leader in an absolutist society, however, is based on the premise that natural or
divine law provides that there are people who are meant to rule. Remaining
strongly fixated with tradition, absolutism is unconvinced that new ideas help
improve society and these are therefore believed to be causing social disorder.

3. Liberalism
As a political ideology which values equality and liberty, liberalism
champions individual freedom. This presumption on the essence of individual
freedom became the basis for which governments and states were created in
liberal societies as these two become agencies through which people can
exercise their rights. The egalitarian principle of liberalism was anchored on the
belief that individuals were born with basic human rights and that no one
possesses more (or less) rights than others. Furthermore, the same egalitarian
doctrine of liberalism invalidates previously held notions of hereditary privilege
(due to natural or divine law), state religion as offshoot of absolutism, and other
social structures which then lead to the formation of different social classes.
While suggesting that the individual “self” should be deemed more important
over society (the concept of individualism), liberalism also views that every
individual in a predominantly liberal society has the right to do anything as long
as it conforms with the laws and other social norms (the concept of liberty).
Another unique characteristic of liberalism is its belief in the capacity of human
reason in helping solve social, political and economic issues (the concept of
rationalism), which is assumed to lead society to progress. Solidifying its high
regard to the rational judgment of individuals on societal issues, a liberal society
is open to new ideas and treats the same as instrumental to progressive change.
As an effect of the highlighted concepts, government has lesser control on
production and individuals may own property, control means of production, and
establish market value for goods and services in a liberal society.

4. Conservatism
With reference to the political spectrum, conservatism is the nearest to the
status quo or the present system. This, in effect, aids us in understanding that
conservatism is inclined to preserve the status quo through the use of tried and
tested methods, tools, policies and programs of government. Contrary to
liberalism’s concept of rationalism, conservatism suggests that human reason is
fallible as individuals’ logic and judgment of issues which society confronts are
limited and prone to error due to personal biases and human beings’ imperfect
nature. In certain cases, however, the conservatives’ predisposition towards
tradition is not necessarily because of their fear of human reason being prone to
mistakes, but because of their immense belief in the results generated by the
stable and established institutions and methods in society. Moreover,
conservatism believes that unique circumstances surrounding societal problems
do not merit universal solutions because different cultures and contexts must be
considered in crafting specific measures which cannot be covered by the broad
concept of individual freedom.

5. Socialism
What separates socialism from other ideologies is its focus on the
creation of “social consciousness” or collectivism, which sees the good of
everyone as more important than that of the individual self. To achieve economic
equality which is based on the idea of the elimination of socio-economic classes
(i.e. the rich, the poor and the middle class), socialism espouses that means of
production must be owned collectively by the society and no private individual
may own or dispose private property (the concept of public ownership). In this
political ideology, private ownership and free market are not allowed because all
citizens themselves own the properties and governmental authority dictates the
prices of goods. With the absence of free trade, the state through the
government as its agency plans the economy and provides everyone’s needs in
a socialist society (the concept of centralized economy). As a result of public
ownership and a centralized economy, socialism allows citizens to achieve the
same degree of economic prosperity (the concept of economic equality).
 Let us put to practice the new knowledge that you’ve learned.

Venn Diagram Presentation

Direction: In the Keep this in Mind part of this module, we tackled the basic
tenets of five (5) main political ideologies. To help us differentiate them better,
choose at least three (3) political ideologies and fill out the spaces in the Venn
diagram below to show their similarities and differences.
Article Analysis
Direction: Read the text and answer the guide questions below. Please utilize a
separate sheet of paper for your answers.

Will GDP growth a priority this year?

By Engr. Ray Adrian C. Macalalag
Senior Economic and Development Specialist
National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) - Region VI
Published on April 28, 2020 on the Daily Guardian newspaper

It just took a little virus to cause the world to shift beyond proportions. The
COVID-19 pandemic is worse than wildfires and this will surely be felt in the
coming years even if we all survive.
In the Philippines, the standstill in business activities already pushed the
government to shell out every peso it has while negotiating with international
financial institutions like the Asian Development Bank and the World Bank for
extra cash.
In fact, the recently issued National Budget Circular No. 580 by the
Department of Budget and Management has already testified that “given the
duration and scale of the pandemic, adequate and readily available funds must
be provided in a sustainable and responsible manner.” It mandated the
discontinuance of 10 percent of FY 2020 maintenance and other operating
expenses as well as capital outlays. Overall, the circular likewise prescribes that
35 percent of the programmed appropriations shall no longer be made available
for release as of April 1, 2020. All these were done in line with the full
implementation of Republic Act No. 11469 or the Bayanihan to Heal As One Act.
Taking a look at the FY 2020 general appropriations, the biggest chunk of
the 4.1 trillion-peso budget goes to education with P654.77 billion, followed by
public works and highways with P580.89 billion, and interior and local
government with P239.64 billion. The government committed to invest P172.37
billion in its health services (including that of the government-run health
insurance).
With these circumstances and the scale of the damage of this visible virus,
we can only imagine that even if we survive, the worse is yet to come particularly
in our economic priorities. The gross domestic product measures the total value
of goods and services in a country. According to the CNBC, it is composed of
total consumption, investment, government spending and net exports; and
further simplifies it as the overall health of an economy.
Consumption is another way of calling consumer spending on goods and
services. Given the past two months of fewer consumer spending coupled with
those who temporarily (hopefully not permanently) lost their jobs, it is pretty safe
to conclude that this will not offer a good bunch of our economic revival. It may
improve soon when lockdowns are lifted and businesses slowly enter the new
normal.
Investment is how much businesses spend on buildings, land, and
equipment. All businesses felt this standstill even if they continue to operate
grocery stores, pharmacies, and the like. However, if we talk about bigger scales
like malls, a news item of ABS-CBN reported that retail and restaurant operators
suffer a drop of 30 to 50 percent in the total retail environment which generates
P20 billion in sales daily. With daily loses, how much would be left for the
business sector to invest?
Meanwhile, government spending is the amount of money spent by the
government for the goods and services they provide. This is probably what is left
as the last resort of the government to make the economy seems look healthy,
financially. Just imagine setting aside billions of pesos for the social amelioration
program hastily released by the pressure-cooked social welfare department as
well as the COVID-19 adjustment measures program undertaken by the labor
department. The government is spending so much money right now that the
second quarter has just started and yet we are already trying to identify coping
mechanisms to project a strong and manageable fiscal planning.
Lastly, net exports are exports minus imports, or goods coming out minus
goods coming in. In a report of the Philippine Statistics Authority as of May 2019,
exports have increased by 1.0 percent while imports have decreased by 5.4
percent. These look promising until we come to the actual figures where imports
are still more than exports. What net exports do we have left? With that to
mention, a good economic standing is far from reality if we rely on net exports.
The GDP alone is not entirely what attracts a healthy economy. It is more
illustrated in the GDP growth rate and by definition, its shrinkage for a period of
two consecutive quarters is considered by most economists as a recession. At
the current situation, we cannot entirely tell just yet. But after the lockdowns
when everything meets the new normal, high unemployment, falling average
incomes, increased inequality, and higher government borrowing (such as loans
to which they have done so far) will characterize and somehow conform that we
are in a recession.
Nevertheless, it may be high time that the government should reconsider
its priorities as we are losing and owing more money than we earn. Much more,
the best they could do after this pandemic would be to ensure that future
pandemics would be managed not just by mere provision of protective
equipment to health workers and distribution of free cash but by concrete,
systematized, and comprehensive measures. It is much understandable if we
somehow failed to stay afloat with ease right now since the Philippines never
experienced such catastrophe of this worldwide scale.
The government should revisit big chunks of infrastructure projects in the
Build, Build, Build program. The projects are mostly promising but some will also
be sourced from loans that will add up to the money we owe. Agriculture should
also be revisited to make sure we are self-sufficient and would not resort to
imported basic commodities like rice. The government should also look into
having more financially stable citizens by conducting programs promoting
financial literacy as well as standardized the minimum wage making it universal
to foster growth not just in Metro Manila but all provinces. If they get lucky in
implementing this, we might see less congested roads there making
unnecessary public infrastructure as additional savings in government
expenditures.
We do hope that our leaders would consider our country improving
internally through its people than just mere figures that do not add up to the
statistician of all its citizens. This pandemic is teaching us a lot.
Guide Questions:
1. With reference to the text, do you agree that there is good value in
government service (such as education and healthcare) and that government
debt may be necessary to ensure that these services are sufficient during this
pandemic? Justify your answer.
2. Based on the article’s discussion of the country’s GDP growth and economy
affected being affected the COVID-19 pandemic, do you agree that the
Philippine government should be more socialist than liberal? Explain.
3. Considering the shift in the current government’s spending priorities due to
the Bayanihan as One Act, which side of the political spectrum do our political
leaders lean towards? Discuss.
4. If you were the President, would you reform the tax system of the country in
such a way that online businesses and internet consumers will be taxed as well
to generate government funding? Why? If this will be realized, what political
ideology may support this measure?

We’re almost finished! Let us know your personal insights and evaluation
of the political ideologies we’ve presented in this module by working on the task
below.

Reflection through Video Presentation

Direction: To help you generate personal insights and self-assessment of the
skills that you’ve gained thus far, please watch the entire video clip through this
YouTube link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYdvj28s6bk

After which, answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper:

1. What is the importance of the political spectrum?

2. How are the political ideologies placed on the left of the political spectrum differ
from those in the right? What are their similarities?

3. What is the importance of knowing the contrasting tenets of the political

ideologies?

4. What political ideology does the current Philippine President adhere to? Why?

5. If you were to pick one, what political ideology would be best in introducing far-
reaching and impactful changes in the Philippine society?
 You’ve reached this far and now you’re ready to take the assessment to
test whether you have learned significantly the lesson presented in this module.
Please be guided that rubrics will be used to gauge the level of understanding
and skills related to political ideologies that you’ve acquired.

Poem Writing
Direction: Show and express the differences among the underlying principles of
the political ideologies found in the left, middle and right of the political spectrum
through a four-line, four-stanza poem with a title. The highest possible score is
20 points. Use a long-sized bond paper for this assessment.
Glossary

The terms used in this module are defined as follows:

Egalitarianism - It is an idea in political philosophy which favors equality among

people. It is characterized by the belief that individuals are equal in terms
of fundamental worth and moral status.

Free market - It is a term in economics with refers to a system in which the

prices of goods and services are self-regulated by the open market and the
consumers.

Free trade - It is the unrestricted importing and exporting of goods and services
between countries.

Governing authority - It refers to the highest governing body of the state.

Production - It refers to the processes and methods used to transform tangible

inputs (raw materials, semi-finished goods) and intangible inputs (ideas,
information and knowledge) into goods and services.

Structure - A term used in social sciences, structure or social structure refers to

an organized set of social institutions and patterns of relationships that together
make up society.
Try This!
* True-False Pre-test
1. TRUE 6. FALSE
2. TRUE 7. FALSE
3. FALSE 8. TRUE
4. FALSE 9. TRUE
5. TRUE 10. FALSE
Do This!
* Crossword Puzzle Box
Vertical (in any order):
1. Anarchism
2. Progressive
3. Radical
4. Conservatism
5. Moderate
Horizontal (in any order):
1. Theocracy
2. Fascism
3. Socialism
4. Liberalism
5. Absolutism
6. Reactionary
7. Pure Communism
* Political Ideology Quiz
The political identities of students may vary depending on their total score
relative to the Self-government Compass and their responses to the statements in
the quiz.
* Deciphering Political Ideologies in the Political Spectrum
Left Wing Middle Right Wing
1. Pure Communism 1. Modern Liberalism 1. Capitalism
2. Socialism 2. Progressivism 2. Classical Liberalism
3. Fascism 3. Conservatism 3. Constitutional Liberalism
4. Anarchy
5. Theocracy
Explore!
* Picture Interpretation and Analysis
Answers may vary and could be assessed using a rubric on scoring essays.
Apply what you have Learned
* Venn Diagram Presentation
Answers may vary.
* Article Analysis
Answers may vary.
Reflect!
* Reflection through Video Presentation
Answers may vary.
Assess what you have learned
* Poem Writing
The poem produced by the student shall be scored using the rubric specifically
designed for this.
Answer Key
 ANALYTICAL RUBRIC FOR POEM/ESSAY WRITING

RATING FOCUS CONTENT ORGANIZATION STYLE CONVENTIONS

SCALE The single The presence The order The choice, Grammar,
controlling of ideas developed and use and mechanics,
point developed sustained within arrangement spelling, usage
made with through and across of words and and sentence
an facts, paragraphs sentence formation.
awareness examples, using structures that
of task anecdotes, transitional create tone
about a details, devices and and voice.
specific opinions, including
topic. statistics, introduction and
reasons conclusion.
and/or
explanations.
4 Sharp, Substantial, Sophisticated Precise, Evident control
distinct specific or arrangement of illustrative use of grammar,
controlling illustrative content with of a variety of mechanics,
point made content evident and/or words and spelling, usage
about a demonstrating subtle transitions sentence and sentence
single topic strong structures to formation
with evident development create
of and consistent
awareness sophisticated writer’s voice
of task. ideas and tone
appropriate to
the audience/
reader.
3 Apparent Sufficiently Functional Generic use of Sufficient control
point made developed arrangement of a variety of of grammar,
about a content with content that words and mechanics,
single topic adequate sustains a logical sentence spelling, usage
with elaboration or order with some structures that and sentence
sufficient explanation evidence of may or may not formation
awareness transitions create writer’s
of task. voice and tone
appropriate to
the audience
2 No Limited Confused or Limited word Limited control
apparent content with inconsistent choice and of grammar,
point but inadequate arrangement of control of mechanics,
evidence of elaboration or content with or sentence spelling, usage
a specific explanation without attempts structures that and sentence
topic of transition inhibit voice formation
and tone
1 Minimal Superficial Minimal control of Minimal variety Minimal control
evidence of and/or content in word choice of grammar,
a topic minimal arrangement and minimal mechanics,
content control of spelling, usage
sentence and sentence
structures formation
References

Advocates for Self-Government, Inc. 2018. Lesson 2 The Political Spectrum.

Accessed, July 10, 2020.
http://civix.ca/resources/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ON-Secondary-
Lesson-2.pdf.

Baradat, Leon. 2008. Political Ideologies: Their Origins and Impact (Tenth
Edition). Prentice Hall, 2008. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, United
States.

Biddle, C. 2012. Political Left and Right Defined. Accessed, July 10, 2020.
https://www.theobjectivestandard.com/2012/06/political-left-and-right-
properly-defined/.

Freeden, M. 2006. Ideology and Political Theory. Accessed, July 10, 2020.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13569310500395834.

Heywood, Andrew. 2000. Political Ideologies: An Introduction (Fifth Edition).

Accessed, July 10, 2020.
https://www.macmillanihe.com/companion/Heywood-Political-
Ideologies/resources/Chapter-summaries/

Macalalag, Ray Adrian. 2020. Why GDP Growth Be a Priority this Year?. Daily
Guardian, April 28, 2020.
https://dailyguardian.com.ph/why-march-12-was-a-bit-late/.

Rathee, D. 2017. Left vs Right: Which is Best Political Ideology?. Accessed, July
10, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYdvj28s6bk.
For questions and feedback, write or call the following:

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