ROMAN AND CHINESE

C I V I L I Z A T I O N
Prepared by: Group 3
 ▪The civilization began as an Italic
settlement in the Italian Peninsula, dating
from the 8th century B.C.

▪It expanded to become one of the largest

empires in the ancient world, though still
ruled from the city with an estimated 50-90
million inhabitants and covering 5 million
square kilometers at its height in 117 AD.

▪It was perceived as the strongest political

RO M A N and social entity in the west as it had
contributed to governance, politics,
CIVILIZA engineering, literature, architecture,
technology, and society, creating Res
T I O N Republica system.
RO M A N
CIVILIZA
T I O N
Source: ancientpages.com
 NEWSPAPER

▪Gazettes — the first newspapers in metal

or stone tablets and then publicly
displayed. This publication was called
Acta Diurna or 'Daily Acts'.

RO M A N
CIVILIZA
T I O N
Source: pinterest.com
 BOUND BOOKS OR CODEX

▪With the invention of paper, record-keeping

became easier and documenting historical
events and newly legislated laws.

▪Julius Caesar started the tradition of stacking

up papyrus to form pages of a book and later
on, by bounding them together and covered
by animal skin, the Roman Empire was able to
produce the first books or codex.

RO M A N
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 ROMAN ARCHITECTURE

▪Considered as a continuation of Greek

Architecture, hence, the resemblance.

▪Regarded as pioneers since their

engineering technology was able to produce
sturdier and strong infrastractures and
preserve great and elaborate architectural
designs.

RO M A N
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 ROMAN AQUEDUCTS

▪Romans created aqueducts, used to tap water

from the downhill flowing streams.

▪The aqueducts were connected to a large

water holding area, which would then supply it
to public amenities.

▪The whole process needed no external energy

as it was achieved by the use of gravity.

RO M A N
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 POSTAL SERVICE

▪The sheer size of the Roman Empire was

turning against it at a point and the
information transfer between provinces
became very troublesome.

▪Emperor Augustus established a system

wherein messages and notices could be
transferred with the help of vehicles such as
the horse cart. Hence, the first postal service
in Europe was formed.
RO M A N
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 ROMAN NUMERALS;

▪The numeric system which originated in

Ancient Rome and remained the usual way of
writing numbers throughout Europe until the
Late Middle Ages.

▪Numbers in this system are represented by

combinations of letters from the Latin
Alphabet. Roman numerals, as used today, are
based on seven symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D, and M.

RO M A N
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 ▪The Chinese Civilization is considered to be
the oldest civilization in Asia, being able to
developed a dynamic and rich civilization at
the eastern end of Eurasia.

▪It was famous among other ancient

civilizations because of its silk trade where
merchants sold silk lacquer ware, ironware,
and spices and the Europeans sold woolen
and linen textiles, corals, pearls, glass, and
precious gems.
CHINESE
CIVILIZA ▪Han China and the Roman Empire were
two of the most commercially active
T I O N empires in the ancient world.
 SILK

▪Leizu, known also as Lady Hsi Ling Shih is a

legendary figure in Chinese history credited
with the discovery of the silk from silk
worms.

▪As the trade in silk brought the ancient

Chinese much revenue, they were
determined to keep this knowledge to
themselves.
CHINESE
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 TEA PRODUCTION

▪It was developed when an unknown Chinese

inventor created a machine that was able to
shred tea leaves into strips. This was done
using a wheel-based mechanism with sharp
edges attached to a wooden or ceramic pot.

▪Tea has been involved hugely with China's

religion, culture, medicine, and nobility.

CHINESE
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 PAPER-MAKING

▪There was a time when our ancestors used

bamboos, stones, woods, and animal bones
as writing materials which were cumbersome
and expensive thing to do.

▪Cai Lun invented the paper in 105 AD. Papers

were produced from three different kinds of
sources namely, silk rags, wooden strips and
bamboo, and hemp or clothes.
CHINESE
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 ABACUS

▪Before the modern calculator, the Chinese

developed the Abacus, a counting device,
around 100 AD.

▪By the 1300's, it was perfected and was

given form that it still has today.

CHINESE
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 GUN POWDER

▪Originally, it was developed by Chinese

alchemists who aimed to achieve
immortality. They mixed charcoal, sulfur, and
potassium nitrate, but instead of creating an
elixir of life, they accidentally invented a
black powder that could actually generate
large amounts of heat and gas in an instant.

CHINESE
CIVILIZA
T I O N
 SOURCES

▪www.dkfindout.com/uk/history/ancient-
china/chinese-paper-making

END OF ▪10 Chinese Contributions to World Civilization Which

Most People are Not Aware Of (metrosaga.com)

PRESEN
▪interestingengineering.com
▪Wikipedia Commons
▪www.travelandleisure.com
TATION ▪www.ancientorigins.net
▪eaglesanddragonspublishing.com