VOCABULARY UNIT 4

Cormarina and contrasfinn 1 /4J

Read the words and examp es. Make additional examples using each word or phrase.

OVERVIEW
Word or phrase Example

similarity (between) There are many similarities between painting and

photography.
both ... and ... Both painting and photography share several similarities.
have in common One feature that they have in common is that they can
both express emotion.
in the same way, Painting is sometimes used to record historic events.
similarly, likewise, In the same way, photography is also often used to
To express document history.
similarity
like Like painting, photography can express the subjective
viewpoint of the artist.
: Photography, like painting, can express the subjective
viewpoint of the artist.
be similar to / resemble Eighteenth century portraits were similar to photography
l because they aimed to present an accurate picture of reality.
neither ... nor Neither painting nor photography is completely objective.
difference (between) One major difference between photography and
painting is that we generally think of photography as being
more realistic.
whereas / while Whereas / While a photograph is taken in a single
moment, a painting usually takes much longer to create.
on the other hand / A photograph captures an image of actual material things.
To express
however / by contrast* A painting, on the other hand, can depict images from
difference
the artist's imagination.
unlike / in contrast to / In contrast to painting, it is easy to produce multiple
compared to copies of a photograph.
be different from (than) / Painting is different from / differs from photography
differ (from) because it draws attention to the technique used by the
artist.

*These expressions can also be used at the beginning of a sentence. For example, A photograph
captures an image of actual material things. On the other hand, a painting can depict images from
the artist's imagination.

20
 VOCABULARY: COMPARING AND CONTRASTING

Practice Exercises DICTIONARY SKILLS

POWERED BY COBUILD
A Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
The prefix contra- means opposite or
1. Van Gogh and Cezanne tried to create against Use your dictionary to find the
paintings that expressed the effect of light and color. meaning of these words: contradictory,
contrary, contravention.
a Like b Both c Compared to

In to other artists, Jackson Pollock applied paint directly onto the canvas.
a unlike b contrast c different

Warhol often used images of famous people in his art. Basquiat

incorporated elements of well-known images in his paintings.
a Likewise b However c Similarity

4 traditional art considered advertising to be a purely commercial activity,

pop art of the 19605 used advertisements and dissociated them from their original context.
a Unlike b Whereas c Compared to

5 Picasso nor Matisse restricted themselves to just one style of art or one
medium.
a Both Ii Like c Neither

Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the chart to complete the paragraph.

The Prose Style of Hemingway and Faulkner

Faulkner and Hemingway were two American authors who were ' writing in the
same period of time in the 1920s-1950s. Faulkner,' Hemingway, wrote a large
number of novels that are classics of modern American fiction. There are, 3
many ways in which their prose styles 4 One major 5
is sentence length. 6 Faulkner uses lengthy complex sentences with
frequent repetition and long archaic words, Hemingway's prose is simpler with shorter sentences
that often ' a newspaper report. Hemingway's dialog is simple and direct.
Faulkner, 9 incorporates dialog into long dream-like sequences that are
almost poetic. Something that both writers have 9 is their ability to express
strong emotions through their writing. Hemingway conveys strong emotions with just a few lines,
10
Faulkner who sometimes writes several pages about one scene. Rather
than writing detailed descriptions of moods and feelings, Hemingway prefers to convey them through
descriptions of actions and events.

STUDY TIP

One way to improve your speaking skills is to keep an audio journal. Make a recording each day about
things you have seen, read about, or experienced. Try to use the new words that you studied recently. Listen
to your recordings and identify ways in which they could be improved.

21