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Virtualization of Legacy Systems
A Holistic Approach to Datacenter Planning
Dr. Robert Boers, CEO & Chairman Stromasys Group.
Virtualization is a major benefit for IT departments, both in the corporate data centre and on the desktop, with
substantial advantages in operational flexibility and cost savings. For the data centre, the power savings and
footprint reduction allow further growth in cramped facilities and reduces cooling requirements and energy
consumption. Virtualization provides better system utilization, enhanced by new hardware technology such as
blade servers and 10 GB networks. It tops the agenda of most corporations for IT cost reduction and operational
efficiency. And it forms the basis of the next wave: Cloud computing.
However, there is one caveat: where does this leave the thousands of legacy systems from DEC, SUN, HP, and
others that still provide business‐critical functions in many corporations? Contrary to current belief, the installed
base of legacy systems and their maintenance costs is still growing. According to the Gartner group, 700 B$ is
spent annually on software maintenance worldwide, and typically uses 70% of a company's IT budget. From the
700 B$, 12 – 15 B$ is spent on systems that are more than 20 years old, and that share is still rising.
The classical way of replacing legacy applications, a full replacement or rewrite, is a lengthy process, increasingly
expensive due to rising costs of labour and retraining. In a time where major investments in virtualization have
priority, legacy system conversions tend to be delayed or avoided. The fact that your legacy hardware runs
without problems does not mean it is risk free. Legacy hardware maintenance knowledge is lost as people retire;
vendors retire support or increase its cost 20 ‐30% per year. Purchasing, stocking and maintaining second hand
hardware is rarely advisable. Data integration (SAN storage and backup) is problematic and compliance audits
require rare expertise.
Experience has shown that most CIO’s are not aware where most legacy systems are in their company, as legacy
hardware is often 'invisible'. Experience shows that scrutinizing the company's installed base for a disaster
recovery project or data centre move often turn up unexpected legacy applications and systems.
This paper introduces a recent technology to incorporate legacy applications (based on hardware designed in the
1970‐1990 time frame) unmodified in a modern virtual environment. This technology is identified by the Gartner
group as 'processor emulation', and shows on their 'hype cycle of virtualization 2009' as entering in the
mainstream over the next 2 – 5 years.
In processor emulation, the virtual client is more than the usual guest OS and its applications; it includes an
abstraction of the legacy hardware. This technology is also known as 'cross‐platform virtualization', since the
hardware part of the virtual client is different in architecture from the host server.
In a cross‐platform virtual client, the virtual legacy hardware contains the functionality of the original hardware:
its CPU instruction set, storage, networking, etc. Consequently, in such a client the legacy operating system and
your applications execute unmodified, in their original binary form. But – and here is the fundamental difference
– the combined virtual legacy hardware and its applications (the whole virtual client) will run on a modern
industry standard server.
Stromasys SA www.stromasys.com
P.O. Box 156 Ch. du Pont-du-Centenaire 109 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Switzerland Tel. +41 22 794 1070 Fax +41 22 7941073
Once the hardware component in a cross‐platform virtual client is designed, it can be reused for every client
instance that uses such hardware (e.g. a Digital Equipment VAX). Several such virtual hardware platforms are
already available as a product, and more will come. For the customer, it means that their application(s) and the
original OS are copied without modification into the virtual client and are ready to run again in their corporate
(virtual) data centre.
Towards a win‐win situation
Using a cross‐platform virtual client creates a win‐win situation. From an operational point of view, the
application users see no change (although such a virtual client can execute much faster than the original
hardware). No retraining, no need to retest, no need to find the original source code, and no expensive rewriting
of the application.
For the data centre, the old, power hungry and bulky equipment is gone. The legacy applications are scheduled,
moved between nodes, archived and part of the regular backup process as any other virtual client. But the
application on the cross platform client has implicitly obtained new characteristics that were not available on the
original hardware. Storage for instance: while the virtual client can use physical I/O devices (disk, tapes), these
devices are also available in a virtual form. Even if the ancient hardware required physical disks or tapes in its own
cabinet, their virtual form can be located on a storage back‐end, and stored and shared with other applications,
for instance a standard backup procedure.
In fact, as the whole system – including legacy hardware – is present in a virtual form (ie software) it is no longer
necessary to run its former (manual) backup process. The whole system configuration can be 'frozen' as a
snapshot and stored as a group of files. Reloading the snapshot brings the system back on‐line typically within a
minute. This means that reloading the legacy hardware for a particular task (e.g. monthly consolidation) is no
longer needed. For every specific tasksa separate snapshot can be archived and re‐started at the right moment. It
is clear that this permits to maintain forever access to data for legal purposes, without having to commit system
resources until the information is needed.
A further risk reduction is achieved by using the virtual clients in a disaster recovery mode. All cross‐platform
clients can be easily archived (and updated frequently) at a remote site. As they run on modern, industry standard
equipment, such equipment can be obtained at short notice in case of emergency. Since a single Terabyte drive
typically can contain 100's of configurations of virtual 32 bit legacy system configurations including all application
data, no bulky legacy media like 9‐track tapes are required for offline storage, nor remains any risk that they could
not be read in the future.
A small step or a big leap?
Creating virtual hardware is technically complex, and only recently provided commercially required performance
thanks to the phenomenal improvements in server hardware. But for the user, virtual hardware technology is
much less hassle than a conventional migration. You use your existing legacy applications in a modern, Virtual
Machine‐based environment without changing any code. In fact, you can even continue application maintenance
or development, since all original development tools see the same legacy hardware, and work in the same way.
Stromasys SA www.stromasys.com
P.O. Box 156 Ch. du Pont-du-Centenaire 109 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Switzerland Tel. +41 22 794 1070 Fax +41 22 7941073
No need to spend a fortune on rewriting legacy applications if their functionality still has strategic importance,
nor wait a year or more until the migration work is done, nor retain old hardware. The application data is also
virtual, irrespective of the limitations of the original hardware and it is accessible throughout the corporation. It
sounds too good to be true, but the 3500+ licenses for virtual legacy hardware we sold prove the point without
doubt.
Also bear in mind that your cross‐platform virtual clients are not confined to your own data centre. The next big
wave is no doubt 'software as a service', or cloud computing. Essentially it means purchase of remote compute
capacity on an hourly rate (typically at an incredibly low price), with or without a pre‐installed OS and applications
as needed. Your applications and data can remain stored in the network when not used at virtually no cost and
are available instantaneously. Legacy applications and data that must be preserved for occasional use or legal
requirements fit perfectly in this model, provided that they are in virtual form. In is only a small step for the
industry to provide cloud computing services that include virtual legacy hardware in a ready to run form.
About the author
Robert Boers is the founder, CEO and Chairman of Stromasys SA, which develops virtual legacy hardware. With its
origins in Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), their first products were virtual PDP‐11, VAX and Alpha systems.
Currently the company is developing virtual HP3000, Sparc and other platforms as products, and custom virtual
clients for large corporations who want to avoid legacy application migration costs.
References
Trend Windows and Doors Case Study:
"With CHARON‐VAX, Trend Windows Saves Millions and Increases System Capacity By 30%"
Fidelity National Financial Case Study:
"Fidelity Insures the Life of their Data Center with CHARON‐VAX"
WorkflowOne Case Study:
"Using CHARON‐VAX, WorkflowOne Goes Green and Saves Green"
NB: To view these references, visit http://www.stromasys.ch/customers/testimonials/
Stromasys SA www.stromasys.com
P.O. Box 156 Ch. du Pont-du-Centenaire 109 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Switzerland Tel. +41 22 794 1070 Fax +41 22 7941073