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Today everyone use a lot of Electronics Gadget in their daily life such as TV, Washing Machine, Xerox
Machine, Computer, Speaking Computer / washing machine, Automatic Lights Switching, Water Purifier
etc. In fact we are Handicapped without Electronics Machines.
Most of the Machines which we use in our daily life are developed by using Embedded Technology.
Embedded System Range from a very small portable device like Musical Bell, Digital Watch, MP3 Players,
IPOD, Mobile to the very large system as Traffic Light Controller, Automation in Factory, Nuclear Power
Plant Controlling Systems, Satellites Projection and Controlling System.
HARDWARE SOFTWARE
Microcontroller EMBEDDED
+ Sensors Program for
SYSTEM
Major Hardware
+ Motors Used in ES HardwareSystem
Embedded :
Microcontroller :
Microcontroller is a Single Chip IC (Integrated Circuit)
on which all the work of Computer can be perform.
We can connect Keyboard, LCD, Speakers, USB,
Internet anything which we connect to the Computer.
We can say, Microcontroller is a single chip Computer.
8051
– 20 & 40 Pin Package
AVR (Advanced Virtual RISC )
– 14/28/64 Pin Package
ARM (Advanced RISC Machine)
– 64/128/210 Pin Package
Sensor Work
1. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) Sense Day or Night (Light Intensity)
2. Temperature Sensor (UM34) Sense Temperature
3. Moisture Sensor Sense Moisture in Environment
4. PIR Sensor Sense any Motion
5. TSOP Proximity Sensor Sense Object at its Front
6. IR (Infrared) Sensor Sense Object at its Front or interruption
LDR UM34 Moisture Sensor PIR Sensor TSOP Humidity Sensor IR Sensor
Keil C Compiler : Used for development of program and HEX file conversion
Flash Magic : Used to write HEX File on Microcontroller ROM
Pad2pad : Used to develop circuit on PCB.
Circuit Maker : Used to develop and check circuit on computer.
Reset - RST
Crystal - XTAL[1,2]
I/O Port
– P0 [7;0], P1 [7:0], P2 [7:0], P3 [7:0]
#include<reg51.h>
void delay(int dly);
void main()
{
while(1)
{
P1=~P1;
delay(5);
}
}
Buzzer
Switch
DB9 Connector
Sensor Port
LED
MAX 232
IC 555 : This general purpose timer is used in the mono-stable mode to automatically
reset the microcontroller during programming. This is Basically used in sensing
module in monostable mode.
MAX 232: This chip takes care o the voltage conversions needed to communicate
with the PC’s RS 232(Serial/COM) port. This is basically used for communication
between the Microcontroller and the Computer via Serial cable.
L293D: It is a 4 channel 16 pin motor driver IC with 600mA of current per channel
and has inbuilt clamp diodes. The training board contains two such chips. This is
basically used to drive a stepper motor.
Sensor Port : At a time, 8 individual sensor modules can be connected to this port.
The port also provides a 5V supply and Ground needed to drive the sensors.
DB 9 connector: This is a 9 pin connector used to connect to the PC’s COM port
during programming or for general UART communications.
Switch array: Four general purpose switches are connected in the active-low
configuration.
Crystal: A crystal sets the microcontroller’s clock frequency to 11.0592 MHz which is
needed to synchronize all the microcontroller operation.
Beeper/Buzzer : Connected in the active low mode, the beeper can easily be used to
get audible feedbacks from the controller.
IC7805: It’s a three terminal liner 5 volt voltage regulator. It is used to give power
supply 5V to the microcontroller and other peripherals.
ULN 2003: This is an 16 pin IC which drive the microcontroller current to a high
current to drive Relay’s or Stepper Motor. It will work on the Darlington pair of
Transistor to high the current.
Why Should one option for Embedded & Robotics :
Millions of products in our everyday life today have some form of Embedded software in them.
Home appliances, Automobiles, wireless Devices and consumer electronics devices are just few
examples.
The reason to option this is:
A simple answer is opportunities due to its application areas in all field
Whatever you see in the very World of Electronics is embedded.
Embedded is a very vast field and India is making a stable growth in this field.
A good deal of job opportunities are pouring in year by year
Consumer Appliance : Telephone, Fax, VCR, Camcorder, Remote controllers, Camera, Toys,
Mobile, Pager, Video games, Musical Instruments, Exercise Equipments, Speaking Machines
Computer Networking : Router, Switches & Hubs, LAN, WAN, MAN communicating devices
Industrial Automation : Trip Computer, Engine Control, Air Bag, ABS etc
Office Automation : Computers, Microwave, Copier, Color & Laser Printer, Paging etc
Medical Electronics : ECG, EGC, X-Ray Machine, Lie Detector, Body Scanner etc
Wireless Technology : Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Satellite Communication etc
Automobiles : Car, Helicopters, Aero plane, Bikes, Trucks, All Vehicles
Aerospace : Satellite Projection & Controller, All Systems
Finance : Money Count Machine, 500 Rs Note Check machines, ATMs, Credit/Debit Cards
Security Applications: CCTV, Finger Print / Eye / Password Security, Metro Security etc
Entertainment : MP3 Player, IPODs, MP4 players, Compact DVD Players with TV, etc
EMPLOYABILITY:
More than 2 lakh Jobs are their in Embedded & Robotics a/c to NASCOM