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Stable Isotopes

Delta Deuterium - per mil

22 22
-20 2
2 1
2
2 2
2
-40 2
2 2

-60

-80

-100

-120

-140

-160
-22 -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Delta Oxygen 18 - per mil

496659343.xls 10/27/2020
D ischarg e E nthalpy - kj/kg

3000
1

2500

2000

1500

1000

500 1

0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
Chloride - ppm
Q u a r tz G e o th e r m o m e te r E n th a lp y - k j/k g

3000
1

2500

2000

1500

1000
1

500

0
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
Chloride - ppm
1.0 4
8
10Mg/(10Mg+Ca)

7
0.9 1
32
0.8 1
2

0.7
6
5
0.6
3

0.5

0.4
4

1
0.3
5

0.2
6

16
15
7

14
13
10

12
11
8

0.1
9

0.0
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00
10K/(10K+Na)
log(K2/Mg)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
-1 -4

11

Log(PCO2) bar
0 8 -3
log(K2/Ca)

3 1

4
1 -2

5
35 10
2

7
2 -1

8
2

9
8

10
3 15 0

11
4

12
2
3

13
2
4 15 1

14
6

15
2

16
7
5 2
log (K2/Mg)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0
2
3

4
100
SiO2 mg/kg

5
1

7
200
6

8
300

9
5
4

10
400

11
500

12
600
2

17

2
16

3
13

6
12

7
7 6 5 4
9 8 3

10
9
10 2
8 11

11
1
12
5 13

14
14
15 Partial Equilibration
4

15
1
1 Immature Waters

18
4 3
1

12

13

16

17
21

17

2
16

3
13

6
12

7
9

10
8

11
5

14
4

15
1

18
4 3
1

12

13

16

17
2

17

2
1

16

3
13

6
12

7
9

10
8

11
5

14
4

15
1

18
4 3
1

12

13

16

17
Li - Rb - Cs Ternary

21

2
3
4

1 3
1
4 3
1

496659343.xls 10/27/2020
2

2
3
1

4 3
1

4
Li - Rb - Cs Ternary

2
1

3
4

4 3
1

496659343.xls 10/27/2020
Trili

3
nea
r
cati

2
ons
A
grid

3
cati
ons

5
B
grid
cati
ons
C
grid
4

2
Cati
2 2 ons
anio
ns A
80% 80% grid
2

anio
60% 60% ns B

5
3

grid

40% 40%

20% 4 20%
1
5

4 3 4 3
1

5
Prospect Map

659000

----------
----------
----------
----------
---

654000
UTM North

649000

644000

639000

634000
350000 355000 360000 365000 370000
UTM East
Geothermometers
Temperatures in degrees C
Syarat Tres<100C Tres<150 sub-boiling
Tres>150C
pH Netral,

Amorphous Alpha Beta Chalcedony Quartz


Silica Cristobalite Cristobalite conductive conductive
Sample Name
APWS 1 32 103 54 129 154
APWS 2 0 0 0 0 0
APWS 3 0 0 0 0 0
APWS 4 0 0 0 0 0
AHN 0 0 0 0 0
AHG 0 0 0 0 0
ADS 1 0 0 0 0 0
ADS 2 0 0 0 0 0
ADS 3 0 0 0 0 0
ADSA 0 0 0 0 0
ADCR 0 0 0 0 0
ADPI 0 0 0 0 0
ADBO 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Zunil meteoric 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
boiling >2L/S Tres 120-200C, Ca High Tres 180C-350C, no dilution, no steam loss,
Tres>150C Abundant SiO2, Low Al
Associated with CO2
if Tres >70C use Mg corr
Partial Equilibrium
Na/K Na/K
Quartz Na-K-Ca Na/K Na/K Tonani
Na-K-Ca Truesdell Giggenbach
adiabatic Mg corr Fournier 1979 1980
1976 1988
146 178 161 222 194 237 230
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ution, no steam loss, Tres 50-300C
Low Use
Can Enthalpy
After
Condensation
Can Use When
Not Equilibrate
Na/K Na/K
K/Mg
Nieva & Nieva Arnorsson
Giggenbach 1986
1987 1983
209 201 106
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Liquid chemistry plotting spreadsheet version 3

Powell Geoscience Ltd. 3 September 2012


Copy water chemistry data into data field below. Use negative numbers
plotted at detection. Cut & paste or move data but do not

Sample UTM east UTM north


Sample Name Lab Number Date Label Elevation
marana 40

Zunil meteoric zu
CFB Ternary
factor
Cl 1
ld below. Use negative numbers to indicate detection limit. Data will be Ternary plot
F 25
& paste or move data but do not delete lines or columns. multiplier factors:
B 25

Steam
Temp C Fraction pH Li Na K Ca Mg SiO2
90 7.4 1.2 328.7 34.86 148.8 5.95 132.51

0
CLB Ternary LRC Ternary CSH Ternary NKM Ternary XYZ Ternary
factor factor factor factor column
Cl 1 Li 1 Cl 1 Na 1 K
Li 100 Rb 4 SO4 1 K 10 Y
B 25 Cs 10 HCO3 1 Mg^.5 1000 Z
mg/kg

B Cl F SO4 HCO3 CO3 NH4 As Rb


5.19 726.06 0 104.11 37.40 0.0 2.0 1.5
XYZ Ternary Isotopes Piper Plot
element factor Separation of plot fields
Li 1 Position of fractionation cluster -10 -20
Rb 4 Position of meteoric trend line label -16
Cs 10

Cond sum
Cs Sr Ba Fe Mn umhos/cm del 18O del D cations
23.39
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Piper Plot
Separation of plot fields
0.2

sum Charge
anions Balance
23.26 0%
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Liquid_Analysis_v3_Powell&Cumming_2010_StanfordGW Geochemical Plotting

The charts and geothermometry report in this spreadsheet are described in an accompanying article b
Cumming delivered at the 35th Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University,
February 1-3, 2010. References for the calculations and charts can be found in that document

This spreadsheet accepts water chemistry and stable isotope data and plots them in standard ternary
grids. Data are pasted into the 'Input' sheet and appear on all the graphics applicable to that data type
pasted and moved within the data entry field without changing cell addresses in the calculations.

Graphics can be edited directly as EXCEL97 graphics and certain grid dimentions (e.g. multipliers on t
evaporation cluster location on the stable isotope grid) can be changed on the 'input' sheet. Fields for
parameters are located above the data entry field.
Data entry field:
Rows 7 through 36 accept data for the plots (30 data points). The first 3 columns (Sample Name
1)
are not referenced by the plots and are there for user reference.

Sample Label' in column D is a text field that will determine the label for points on the plots. The
2)
chart labeler 97' can also be used to label the charts
Columns E, F, G & H are for UTM location, elevation and sample temperature. These will be u
on the "Map" sheet. Scales on the "Map" chart will need to be adjusted to accomodate the locatio
3)
dimentioned empty text box is included in the upper left corner to assist in rectifying the N-S and E
map

Enter or copy in laboratory analysis data (as mg/kg) in columns I through AD. Parts per million (p
mg/kg. Data in moles/liter can be converted to mg/kg by multipying by the appropriate molecular
Henley, Truesdell & Barton (1984) suggest that mg/litre can be converted directly to mg/kg withou
about 35,000 mg/kg total dissolved solids, which can be approximated by the sum of analytes. At
4)
correction for the density of the sample is needed. Data are sometimes listed in weight percent, w
converted to mg/kg (1wt%=10,000 mg/kg). For a more complete discussion of units reported in a
conversion to mg/kg, see Hem (1970). Negative values are interpreted a "below detection" and a
detection limit.

Enter stable isotope data as "del" expressed in per mil (parts per thousand) in columns AE and AF
computed relative to the SMOW standard, such that del = (R - R SMOW) / RSMOW, where R is the isoto
5)
(18O/16O or D/H) and RSMOW is the isotope ratio of the standard. For most geothermal fluids both de
negative.

Columns BJ through BL present the sums of cations and anions charge (in meq/mg) and the char
percentage of the total ionic charge of the solution [cations-anions]/[cations+anions]. Charge in m
(meq/kg) is calculated using the conversion factors in Row 5 of hidden columns AG to BI. The con
6)
assumes Fe+2. The sum of cations includes pH only if a pH value is entered. Charge balances gre
highlighted in red font. An excess of anions or cations greater than this indicates an erroneous an
major ionic species or a missing major ionic species
Points plotted on the grids are accompanied by labels input in column D. Empty data rows (rows
or isotope data) are plotted outside of the chart area (99, -99, 999, etc) and their data labels are b
incomplete data will sometimes be plotted to the left outside the chart area. These can be remove
7)
adjusting the plot ranges of the charts. This may, however, permanently remove the labels from t
the plot range. It is recommended that graphs to be altered for presentation should be moved to a
(Menu:"Edit"/"Move or Copy Sheet"/"Create a Copy" checkbox)
Ternary vertex multipliers (the amounts multiplying the elements in the ternary plots) can be chan
the data input field. It should be noted that in most cases the values in the box are those used by
8)
W Giggenbach). The location of the evaporation trend cluster in the isotope chart ("Iso") and the
can be changed in the box on the upper right.
The "Report" sheet gives the results of standard geothermometer calculations for the chemical an
9)
sample name, source and date.
Notes:
Columns AG to BI are hidden. These cells copy the cells in the input field based upon fixed cell a
1)
can be cut/pasted and moved in the input data field without changing cell addresses in the calcula
2) Columns BM to CT are hidden. These cells contain the geothermometer and ternary grid calculat
Two additional sheets used to generate the plots are hidden but available. Tgrid has the plot dat
3)
Ref has reference plot data for the ternaries and cross plots.

Input units are in mg/kg of the chemical species indicated. Data reported for a different variety of
4)
rather than NH4) needs to be adjusted by the ratio of molecular weights (i.e. mg/kg NH4 = mg/kg

Some labs report total inorganic carbon (H2CO3+HCO3 -+CO3=) instead of bicarbonate and carbo
reported in units of bicarbonate ("as bicarbonate") and, confusingly, is often called bicarbonate. If
5) entered into the bicarbonate field it will result in an excess of anions over cations because H2CO3
in solution. Data should be requested as concentrations of these separate carbonate specie (i.e.,
dissolved CO2, bicarbonate and carbonate)

Versions:
- Added User defined XYZ ternary chart, so that User can define elements for the ternary, as wel
Elements are chosen by inputing row letter in left column of box

2 - Change to magnesium ion correction at R<5 to correct for error in equasion. Error caused temp
2 deg C too great
-Added row to top of input sheet to accommodate User Defined XYZ ternary
-Fixed cell address of Sample Name in Report page, due to added row at top of Input page

-Corrected R>5 equation for NaKCa Mg ion correction to equation in Fournier & Potter 1979 GCA
-Added column for steam fraction, so that well samples can be corrected for steam loss. This cor
geothermometer values, geothermometer plots and chloride enthalpy plot. If steam fraction is left
assumed and no correction is applied. No correction is made to isotope data
-The steam fraction correction is made by multiplying the sample concentration by the liquid fracti
complement (1-X) of the steam fraction. Samples with an excess steam correction can be correct
3 complement of the liquid correction factor for the value of steam fraction
3
-Added enthalpy-chloride plot for discharge enthalpy, sheet "XClHdisch"
-Added solubilities for alpha & beta cristobalite and amorphous silica to Xkms plot
-Added Piper (Trilinear) Plot in sheet "Piper". Data are plotted as milliequivalents/litre, not ppm. L
by decreasing box size. Separation of plot fields can be increased by changing spacing in Input fi
balance
-Added alpha & beta cristobalite and additional Na/K geothermometers to "Report" sheet.
chemical Plotting Spreadsheet

accompanying article by T Powell & W


g, Stanford University, Stanford, California,
that document

em in standard ternary and geothermometer


licable to that data type. Data may also be cut,
the calculations.

ns (e.g. multipliers on ternary diagrams and


nput' sheet. Fields for changing these

olumns (Sample Name, Lab Number & Date)

oints on the plots. The Excel 97 add-in 'X-Y

ature. These will be used to plot the locations


accomodate the locations. A square-
rectifying the N-S and E-W grid scales of the

AD. Parts per million (ppm) is equivalent to


appropriate molecular weight of the analyte.
directly to mg/kg without noticable error below
he sum of analytes. At higher concentrations a
ed in weight percent, which can be directly
n of units reported in analyses and their
below detection" and are plotted at the

) in columns AE and AF. Del values are


OW
, where R is the isotope ratio of the sample
eothermal fluids both del 18O and del D will be

meq/mg) and the charge balance as a


s+anions]. Charge in milliequivalents per kg
umns AG to BI. The conversion factor for iron
d. Charge balances greater than +-5% are
dicates an erroneous analysis of one of the
Empty data rows (rows without input chemical
d their data labels are blank. Labels for
. These can be removed for presentation by
emove the labels from the data range beyond
n should be moved to a separate sheet

nary plots) can be changed in the boxes above


box are those used by the plot originator (i.e,
pe chart ("Iso") and the meteoric trend line label

ons for the chemical analysis, along with

based upon fixed cell addresses, so that data


ddresses in the calculations.
nd ternary grid calculations
Tgrid has the plot data for the ternary grids.

or a different variety of that species (i.e., NH3


e. mg/kg NH4 = mg/kg NH3*(18/17))

bicarbonate and carbonate. This is generally


n called bicarbonate. If total inorganic carbon is
ations because H2CO3 does not have a charge
carbonate specie (i.e., carbonic acid or

for the ternary, as well as multiplier factors.

on. Error caused temperature correction to be

ry
op of Input page

nier & Potter 1979 GCA paper


or steam loss. This correction is applled to
If steam fraction is left blank, a zero value is
ata
ation by the liquid fraction, which is the
orrection can be corrected by entering the
ms plot
valents/litre, not ppm. Legend can be cropped
nging spacing in Input field above charge

Report" sheet.
Rock Type Rock Type to Diagram
Sample Tipe Air Nama Air Ion Balance CL/100 Li B/4 CL
Mata Air 1 SO4 Steam Heated Water 26 7.2606 1.2 1.2975 74
Mata Air 2 SO4 Steam Heated Water 3 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 3 HCO3 Steam Heated Water 1 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 4 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 1 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 5 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 9 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 6 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 8 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 7 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 8 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 8 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 3 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 9 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 0 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 10 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 4 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 11 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 0 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 12 HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 4 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 13 HCO3 - Cl Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 0 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 14 HCO3 - Cl Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 1 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 15 Cl Deep Cl Water 1 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 16 Cl Deep Cl Water 3 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 17 Cl - HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 2 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 18 Cl - HCO3 Dilute Cl - HCO3 Water 3 0 0 0 #DIV/0!
Mata Air 19 HCO3 Steam Heated Water 2 0 0 0 #DIV/0!

1
Rock Type to Diagram Tres
Li B Kelompok Reservoar Geothermometer Tres Kisaran
12 13 1 - -
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 - -
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 - -
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 52
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 - -
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 - -
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 - -
93-103 C
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 79
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 74
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 69
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 83
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 84
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 70
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 1 K/Mg 98
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 2 K/Mg 116
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 2 K/Mg 106
111-121
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 2 K/Mg 127
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 2 K/Mg 126
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 3 K/Mg 63 58-68

2
3
Reservoar 2
Tres 111-121
Kemunculan
Karena Intrusi

Reservoar 1
Tres 93-103C
Kemunculan Sesar
untuk mencari nilai Y (jarak mata air ke reservoir air)

-455.1696

elevasi reservoir= elevasi mata air - Y Laporan no 3

495.1696

1.5 65
273
409.5
km 0.7
240125037 km
0.5 dam
700 m
84043762950
SEGITIGA 1 SEGITIGA 2

HS-1 Nilai pembagi 100% % HS-1 Nilai pembagi


Cl 22615 22886.73 100 98.81 Cl/100 226.15 388.7675
SO4 197 22886.73 100 0.86 Li 18.88 388.7675
HCo3 74.73 22886.73 100 0.33 B/4 143.7375 388.7675
jumlah 22886.73 100.00 jumlah 388.7675

HS-2 Nilai pembagi 100% % HS-2 Nilai pembagi


Cl 11590.21 12050.84 100 96.18 Cl/100 115.9021 236.5171
SO4 46 12050.84 100 0.38 Li 10.24 236.5171
HCo3 414.63 12050.84 100 3.44 B/4 110.375 236.5171
jumlah 12050.84 100.00 jumlah 236.5171

HS-3 Nilai pembagi 100% % HS-3 Nilai pembagi


Cl 2017 2121.13 100 95.09 Cl/100 20.17 20.665
SO4 104.13 2121.13 100 4.91 Li 0.13 20.665
HCo3 0 2121.13 100 0.00 B/4 0.365 20.665
jumlah 2121.13 100.00 jumlah 20.665

HS-4 Nilai pembagi 100% % HS-4 Nilai pembagi


Cl 3616.2 4227.88 100 85.53 Cl/100 36.162 101.027
SO4 199.6 4227.88 100 4.72 Li 2.59 101.027
HCo3 412.08 4227.88 100 9.75 B/4 62.275 101.027
jumlah 4227.88 100.00 jumlah 101.027
SEGITIGA 2 SEGITIGA 3

100% % HS-1 Nilai pembagi 100% %


100 58.17 Na/1000 12.17403 28.26703 100 43.07
100 4.86 K/100 11.2598 28.26703 100 39.83
100 36.97 √Mg 4.8332 28.26703 100 17.10
100.00 jumlah 28.26703 100.00

100% % HS-2 Nilai pembagi 100% %


100 49.00 Na/1000 4.37069 18.71509 100 23.35
100 4.33 K/100 4.645 18.71509 100 24.82
100 46.67 √Mg 9.6994 18.71509 100 51.83
100.00 jumlah 18.71509 100.00

100% % HS-3 Nilai pembagi 100% %


100 97.60 Na/1000 0.04491 1.79851 100 2.50
100 0.63 K/100 0.0833 1.79851 100 4.63
100 1.77 √Mg 1.6703 1.79851 100 92.87
100.00 jumlah 1.79851 100.00

100% % HS-4 Nilai pembagi 100% %


100 35.79 Na/1000 1.997 13.0899 100 15.26
100 2.56 K/100 0.9934 13.0899 100 7.59
100 61.64 √Mg 10.0995 13.0899 100 77.15
100.00 jumlah 13.0899 100.00

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