Nature, Concepts and Purpose of Curriculum

What is curriculum?

-total learning experience.

-In education, a curriculum is broadly defined as the totality of student experiences that occur in the
educational process. The term often refers specifically to a planned sequence of instruction, or to a
view of the student's experiences in terms of the educator's or schools instructional goals.

Hence in curriculum development

- The teaching and learning are actions necessary to accomplish a goal in education.

TEACHING AS A PROCESS IN CURRICULUM

- Effective teaching is one that will bring about the intended learning outcomes.
- Some view teaching as an organization of meaningful learning. It is creating a situation
or selecting life-like situations to learning.
- To the TRADITIONALIST, teaching is a process of imparting knowledge and skills
required to master a subject matter.
- Teaching is SHOWING, TELLING, GIVING INSTRUCTION, MAKING SOMEONE
UNDERSTAND in order to LEARN.

A TEACHER is a DISPENSER OF KNOWLEDGE, an ULTIMATE AUTHORITY, a DIRECTOR OF

LEARNING.

TEACHING is now perceived as stimulating. Directing, guiding the learner and evaluating the
learning outcomes of teaching.

- TEACHING then is a process that enables the learner to learn on his/her own.
- TEACHER now becomes a decision maker in the teaching process.

PLAN IMPLEMENT EVALUATE

PLANNING PHASE includes decision about

(a). the needs of the learners,

(b). the achievable goals and objectives to meet the needs,

( c). the selection of the content to be taught,

(d). the motivation to carry out he goals,

(e). the strategies most fit to carry out the goals

(f). the evaluation process to measure learning outcomes.

In a PLAN, considerations should include the:

- Learner
- Availability of materials
- Time requirements of particular activities
- Strategies needed to achieve the objectives
- Teacher

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

- Requires the teacher to implement what has been PLANNED. Based on the OBJECTIVES,
implementation means to put into action the different activities in order to achieve the
objectives through the subject matter.

TWO important players are involved:

-TEACHER
-LEARNER

EVALUATION PHASE

- Simply, will answer the question if the plans and implementation have been successfully
achieved.

In all the three phases of teaching, a continuous process of FEEDBACK and REFLECTION is made. To give
feedback is to give information as to whether the three phases were appropriately done and gave good
results.

Reflection is a process embedded in teaching where the teacher inquires into his or her actions and
provides deep and critical thinking.