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• IMO’s “International Gas Carrier Code” is a common basis for calculations for the
classification societies
• Implemented in DNV Rules
• Yield and fatigue requirements for the LNG tank structure:
the operating life is normally taken to correspond to 10 wave encounters on the North Atlantic.”
This corresponds to 20 years of operation in the North Atlantic.
For membrane type tanks the Code has no specific requirement for fatigue assessment of hull
structures.
24 - 25 NAUTICUS-Hull MODELLING
26 Cargo Hold Analysis - Load Cases
27 Cargo Hold Analysis - Strength Analysis
• Scantling draught: T
• Minimum draught with one C/tank full: TA
• The cargo tanks should not be operated in sea going condition with filling between
10% of tank length and 80% of tank height (sloshing).
• Allowable stresses and buckling control for double hull structure and cofferdam
bulkheads according to main class as given in Pt.3 Ch. 1
28 FEM Results – Cargo Hold
29 FEM Results - Outer Shell
30 FEM Results - Inner Hull
31 FEM Results – Transverse Buckhead
32 FEM Results - Girder
46 Structural Analysis – 1
• FEM Models
• A global model (full width) extending over the total hull.
• — to analyze the hull girder stress response and the overall deformation response of
main hull structural members
• — The wave loads derived from the wave load analysis will be automatically
transferred to the model thus ensuring equilibrium.
47 FEM Models – 2
• Two frame and girder models - one for tank no. 1 and one for tank 2 & 3
OBJECTIVE:
• To analyze deformations as well as stresses in the framing/girder system including the
tank foundation deck. The models were used as a stand-alone models for a rule based
midship area analysis
The frame and girder models were included in the global model
48 FEM Models – 3
• Local finite element models
• Calculation of local stresses for determination of Stress Concentration Factors (SCF)
in fatigue sensitive areas
• These models were inserted into the global model or analyzed separately using the
sub-modeler technique available in SESAM.
50 Structural Analysis - 7
52 Loading Conditions
The following six loading conditions will normally be applied:
— LCO6: Normal ballast condition
— LC1 1: Departure - full load
— LC13: Departure - tank no. 1 full
— LC14: Departure - tank no. 2 full
— LC15: Departure - tank no. 3 full
— LC18: Departure - tanks no. 2 + 4 full
53 - 58 Loading Conditions
60 Calculation Procedure
• Hydrodynamic modeling and calculation of transfer functions for 6 d.o.f. at selected
sections
• Prediction of long term values for ULS (20 year) and FLS (probability 1O’)
• Determine design waves (heading, height and period)
• Calculate pressure distribution and accelerations for design waves and transfer to
structural model
• Determine non-linear correction factors (if any)
64 – 65 Midship section
66 – 68 Steady - state temperature distribution in tanks
68 - 69 The Equator Profile
70 Hull Structures
71 Midship Section - Section Scantlings
72 – 74 Selection of Materials - Temperature Analysis
75 Selection of Materials - Temperature Analysis
76 Local Stresses applying net Scantling
77 3D GM – Inner Structure
78 3D GM – Double Bottom
79 3D GM – Double Side
80-84 3D GM – more 3D models
85 Fatigue Strength
86 Fatigue
Why focus on fatigue?
• Most common hull damage
• May cause water ingress to insulation spaces
• High cost and time consuming repairs
• LNG vessels often designed for extended life time
87 – 89 Fatigue Crack
90 Fatigue Requirements
91 Fatigue - Higher Tensile Steel
92 Fatigue in General
93 Fatigue - Fatigue damages are caused by dynamic loading
94 Fatigue and Corrosion
95 – 97 Operation Route Reduction Factor,
98 Fatigue
Satisfactory Fatigue Life Depends on:
• Design / Approval
• Intended trade area
• Paint Specification
• Workmanship
• Appropriate Class Notations
99 - 101
102 Critical Areas - Lower Hopper Knuckle
103 Fatigue Calculations L/Gir. Local FEM
104 – 107 Additional Notation - PLUS-1 / PLUS-2
108 Fatigue: PLUS-2
109 Fatigue: PLUS-2
110 Critical Areas against fatigue
111 Critical Areas - Typical Web Frame
112 Critical Areas — Tank boundary
113 Material & Welding Control
114 Weld profiling and weld toe grinding
115 Critical Areas - TBHD & LBHD
116 -120 Critical Areas
— Lower Hopper Corner
— Upper Hopper Corner
— Vertical girder in TBHD
— deck opening
— Trans. BHD
121 – Material grade of hull structures
122 – 123 Wave Load Analysis – Spectral Fatigue Analysis