Sacred Heart Villa School “Maria Schinina”

181 Aguinaldo Highway, Lalaan I, Silang, Cavite

(046) 423 – 3403

Name: __________________________________ Grade Level: ______________

Subject: EAPP Time Frame of the Activities: October 5-10, 2020
Quarter: Midterm Week: 3

Submission:
Online: On or Before October 10 (11:59 pm)

Topic: Approaches in Literary Criticism

Introduction:

When you express your views, it is also important to use appropriate language for a specific
discipline. There are terms that you should prefer to put in your writing depending on the field or context
you are in.

For example, if you are to convince people who are experts in the field of Science and
Mathematics, you need to use their language. Here are examples of terms that you can use in the
following disciplines.

Science Mathematics General Terms

Experiments Equation Test
Lab equipment Statistical tool Materials
Invention Solution Action
Laboratory test Result Pregnancy Test
Hormones and Genes Equivalent Values Family

You should be formal and use technical terms that are familiar to them. However, if your
audience is the general public, you also need to use the language they know. Do not use those that
are not common to them. Avoid jargons or technical words and slang or invented words. You can be
informal when necessary. However, you must never forget to be POLITE to avoid having future
problems.

ACTIVITY 1:

Teacher: Jun, I have checked your paper and there are some corrections.
Student: What? Why are there corrections? I am sure that it is perfect.
Teacher: Why?
Student: I searched in Google and I copied everything from the internet

1. Was the response of the student appropriate? Why?

2. What kind of language should the student use?
3. What are the things to consider when you want to express your thoughts?

PRESENTATION:

Learning appropriate language and manner is not enough in expressing your views. There are
critical approaches that you can use to make it more convincing and appropriate.
Critical Approaches in Writing a Critique

1. Formalism

- claims that literary works contain intrinsic properties and treats each work as a distinct work of art.

- posits that the key to understanding a text is through the text itself; the historical context, the author
or any other external contexts are not necessary in interpreting the meaning.

Common aspects looked into in formalism:

 Author’s techniques in resolving contradictions within the work.

 Central passage that sums up the entirety of the work
 Contribution of parts and the work as a whole to its aesthetic quality
 Contribution of rhymes and rhythms to the meaning or effect of the work
 Relationship of the form and the content
 Use of imagery to develop the symbols used in the work
 Interconnectedness of various parts of the work
 Paradox, ambiguity, and irony in the work
 Unity in the work

2. Feminist Criticism or Feminism

- focuses on how literature presents women as subjects of socio-political, psychological, and

economic oppression

- reveals how aspects of our culture are patriarchal, i.e., how our culture views men as superior and
women as inferior.

Common aspects looked into when using feminism:

 How culture determines gender

 How gender equality is presented in the text
 How gender issues are presented in the literary works and other aspects of human production
and daily life
 How women are socially, politically, psychologically, and economically oppressed by patriarchy
 How patriarchal ideology is an overpowering presence

3. Reader-Response Criticism

- concerned with the reviewer’s reaction as an audience of a work.

- claims that the reader’s role cannot be separated from the understanding of the work; a text does
not have meaning until the reader reads it and interprets it

- Readers are therefore not passive and distant, but are active consumers of the material presented
to them.

Common aspects looked into when using Reader – Response Criticism:

 Interaction between the reader and the text in creating meaning

 The impact of readers’ delivery of sounds and visuals on enhancing and changing meaning.

4. Marxist Criticism

- concerned with differences between economic classes and implications of a capitalist system, such
as the continuing conflicts between working class and the elite.

- attempts to reveal that the ultimate source of people’s experience is the socio-economic system

Common aspects looked into when using Marxist criticism:

  Social class as represented in the work
 Social class of the writer/creator
 Social class of the characters
 Conflicts and interactions between economic classes

ACTIVITY 2:

Read the following article and answer the questions that follow.

Concerns In Philippines After Duterte Given Emergency Powers

To Fight COVID-19 Spread
March 24, 2020
Source: https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/03/24/820906636/concerns-
inphilippines-after-duterte-given-emergency-powers-to-fight-covid-19-s

In the Philippines, Congress granted President Rodrigo Duterte special temporary powers on
Tuesday to manage the COVID-19 crisis that continues to surge in the country of 110 million people.

To date, there are 552 confirmed cases, and 35 deaths.

The measure granting Duterte the new powers was the first to be approved by Philippine
lawmakers using Zoom, the remote teleconferencing service, and puts the country under a "state of
national emergency."

However, Duterte failed to win approval to take over private companies and utilities, authority
he had sought.

The president has been locked in battle with private concessionaires who supply water to
Metro Manila, accusing them of over-charging and under-performing, and repeatedly threatening to
put water under government control.

Duterte's new powers extend to the narrower sectors of hospitals and public transportation. He
can direct private hospitals and medical facilities to house health care workers and serve as
quarantine centers, and take over public transport operations to ferry front-line workers.

But even these measures have drawn criticism.

"No to emergency powers. The existing powers are already being abused," University of the
Philippines law professor Jay Batongbacal said in a Facebook post, the South China Morning Post
reported.

Duterte has jailed critics, harassed journalists and waged a controversial drug war, exposing
him to charges of autocratic rule. Rights advocates fear the new powers will make it dangerous for
local governments to express dissent over how best to combat the virus.

Fifty million Filipinos meanwhile remain under lockdown since Duterte ordered half the
population to stay home last week. The main island of Luzon is a web of checkpoints to ensure
people stay put.

The new law also gives Duterte the authority to reallocate items in the 2020 national budget for
projects that would fight the spread of COVID-19. Under a $5 billion emergency fund, some 18 million
low-income households would receive assistance.

The package also helps equip hospitals and bolster testing.

Any accurate measurement of the coronavirus in the Philippines has been severely
constrained by a chronic shortage of test kits. As of Tuesday, only 1,793 individuals have been tested
nationwide.
 Last week, the Philippine Health Department said it has only 2,000 kits left. The Chinese
Embassy in Manila said it will donate 100,000 test kits. Singapore contributed diagnostic kits on
Tuesday that can perform 3,000 tests.

One bone of contention: who should be tested. Reports that VIPs — including senators, other
officials and their relatives — were tested ahead of ordinary citizens have generated predictable
scorn.

1. What is the purpose of the given text?

2. Who is the target reader?
3. Has the writer achieved his/her purpose? If yes, how?

ACTIVITY 3: Get the meaning of these words from any dictionary so that you can understand what
you are reading better.

WORDS MEANING FROM THE DICTIONARY

CYNIC

DEMORALIZE

DESTABLIZE

CHRONIC DISEASE

PREDOMINANT

ENRICHMENT:

Let us try to use appropriate language and manner in raising our contrary views about the issue on
“Should Prostitution Be Legal?” Write your own views about the issue in at least 300 words.

Target Audience: students aged 13-19

Purpose: State your views about the issue
Language: formal and simple so that the target audience can easily understand it.
EVALUATION:
Multiple Choice. Answer the questions that follow. Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. Which of the following is NOT true about the reaction paper?
A. It may include the main purpose of the event.
B. It conveys incisive insights into its analysis of events.
C. It is mainly written to communicate a fair assessment.
D. It purely expresses one’s opinions on certain issues and concerns.
2. Which of the following can be a form of a reaction paper?
A. news report
B. book review
C. incident report
D. romantic poem
3. Which of the following is needed to make objective assessment?
A. facts
B. objectives
C. assessment
D. personal views
4. Which of the following is NOT a form of reaction paper?
A. appeal
B. protest
C. reflection
D. sports Report
5. Why should we cite specific source?
A. It makes the reaction paper reliable.
B. It makes the paper more substantial.
C. It is an additional creative part of the paper.
D. It can attract many readers to read your paper.
6. Which critical approach focuses on understanding ways gender roles are reflected or contradicted
by texts?
A. Marxist
B. Feminism
C. Historicism
D. Reader-response
7. Which critical approach focuses on ways texts reflect, reinforce, or challenge the effects of class,
power relations, and social roles?
A. Marxist
B. Feminism
C. Historicism
D. Reader-response
8. Which critical approach focuses on understanding texts by viewing texts in the context of other
texts?
A. Marxist
B. Feminism
C. Historicism
D. Reader-response
9. Which critical approach focuses on each reader's personal reactions to a text, assuming meaning
is created by a reader's or interpretive community's personal interaction with a text?
A. Marxist
B. Feminism
C. Historicism
D. Reader-response
10. Which critical approach focuses on "objectively" evaluating the text, identifying its underlying form.
It may study, for example, a text's use of imagery, metaphor, or symbolism?
A. Formalism
B. Historicism
C. Media Criticism
D. Reader-response