Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
About Book: A revision of a work published in 1929, the book updates data on delinquency in Chicago.
Findings revealed that rates of delinquents and commitments vary consistently, low rates reflect the
existence of a stable institutional structure, a high incidence of deliquency indicates a breakdown of
machinery through which population needs are met, high or low rates are not permanent characteristics
of any ethnic or racial group, and rates correlate closely with many community economic and social
characteristics. Suburbs with the highest rates tend to be the more industrialized ones which have
attracted the newest immigrant or migrant populations, and areas where rates have increased most
rapidly have been areas of great population change. Rates went up in certain areas newly populated by
Negroes while they went down in older Negro communities; as meaningful non-school roles are not
available boys have more opportunities for delinquency; and the large proportion of young offenders
from a few areas should lead to further concentration on the neighborhood as an appropriate unit for
social action. Philadelphia, greater Boston, Cincinnati, Cleveland, and Richmond are the five cities for
which comparative information is presented
The authors present a theoretical model that expands and synthesizes traditional perspectives (strain,
social control, and social learning) into a single paradigm. Their model accounts for sustained patterns of
delinquent behaviour and drug abuse, and demonstrates that involvement with peers is the strongest
predictor of delinquency.
The authors have also provided an excellent review of modern delinquency theory in this highly readable
book which will appeal to a wide audience.
`This book is a must for any student or scholar interested in synthesizing some of the disjointed yet
important theoretical explanations for the causes of delinquent behavior.' -- Choice, March 1986
Description
Marte tests a model of adolescent problem behaviors derived from Bronfenbrenner s (1979) model of
human development and Jessor and Jessor s (1977) problem behavior theory. The structural model was
tested among a sample of 1286 rural and urban 8th grade students, across five western states. Marte s
results indicate that family conflict and parental monitoring partially mediated the influence of
neighborhood risk on adolescents participation in delinquency, drug use, and aggressive behaviors. In
turn, adolescents ability to control their anger mediated the influence of family conflict on their
participation in problem behaviors.