Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
一、外刊阅读:完型填空
What Shampoo technician wanted
If new ways of learning are to help those who need them most, policymakers
should be aiming for something far more radical. Because education is a public good
whose (41) ______ spill over to all of society, governments have a vital role to play—
not just by spending more, but also by spending (42) ______.
Lifelong learning starts at school. As a(n) (43) _____, education should not be
narrowly vocational. The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and (44)
______. A focus on “metacognition” will make them better at (45) ______ skills later
in life. But the biggest change is to make adult learning routinely accessible to all.
One way is for citizens to receive vouchers that they can use to pay for training.
Singapore has such “individual learning (46) ______”; it has given money to
everyone over 25 to spend on any of 500 (47) ______ courses. So far each citizen has
only a few hundred dollars, but it is early days.
Courses paid for by taxpayers risk being (48) ______. But industry can help by
steering people towards the skills it wants and by working with MOOCs and colleges
to design courses that are (49) ______. Companies can also encourage their staff to
learn. AT&T, a telecoms firm which wants to equip its workforce with digital skills,
spends $30m a year on reimbursing employees’ tuition (50) ______. Trade unions can
play a useful role as organizers of lifelong learning, particularly for those—workers in
small firms or the self-employed—for whom company-provided training is unlikely.
A union-run training programme in Britain has (51) ______ from political parties on
the right and left.
To make all this training worthwhile, governments need to slash the licensing
requirements and other (52) ______ that make it hard for new comers to enter
occupations. Rather than asking for 300 hours’ practice to (53) ______ to wash hair,
for instance, the state of Tennessee should let hairdressers decide for themselves who
is the best person to hire.
Not everyone will successfully navigate the(54) ______ jobs market. Those most
at risk of technological disruption are men in blue-collar jobs, many of whom reject
taking less “masculine” roles in fast-growing areas such as health care. But to keep
the numbers of those left behind to a minimum, all adults must (55) ______ flexible,
affordable training. The 19th and 20th centuries saw stunning advances in education.
That should be the scale of the ambition today. (415)
1
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
二、参考答案
BACBD ADCAB DBCAD
三、原文链接
2017 年 2 月 14 日《经济学人》P9
四、核心词汇
benefits approved traces relevant flexible complex persuasive quantity quality
instruction qualify simplify justify dominating
拓展变形为
approve
approval
approvals
approved
2
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
approver
approvers
approves
approving
approvingly
preapprove
preapproved
preapproves
preapproving
benefit
benefited
benefiting
benefits
benefitted
benefitting
complex
complexed
complexes
complexities
complexity
dominate
dominated
dominates
dominating
domination
flexible
flexibility
flexibly
inflexibility
inflexible
inflexibly
instruct
instructed
instructing
instruction
instructional
instructionally
instructions
instructive
instructively
instructor
instructors
instructs
justify
justifiable
3
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
justifiably
justification
justifications
justified
justifies
justifying
unjustifiable
unjustifiably
unjustified
persuasion
persuasions
persuasive
persuasively
persuasiveness
qualify
qualification
qualifications
qualified
qualifier
qualifiers
qualifies
qualifying
unqualified
quality
qualities
quantity
quantitative
quantitatively
quantities
relevant
irrelevancies
irrelevancy
irrelevant
relevancy
relevantly
simple
simpleness
simpler
simplest
simplification
simplifications
simplified
simplifies
simplify
simplifying
4
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
simply
unsimplified
trace
traceable
traced
traces
tracing
untraceable
五、原文翻译
What Shampoo technician wanted
洗发水技师想要什么
If new ways of learning are to help those who need them most, policymakers
should be aiming for something far more radical. Because education is a public good
whose benefits spill over to all of society, governments have a vital role to play—not
just by spending more, but also by spending wisely.
如果新的学习方式能帮助那些最需要的人,政策制定者就应该着眼于更激
进的事情。因为教育是一种公共利益,其利益波及到整个社会,所以政府不仅
要通过增加支出,而且要通过明智的支出,发挥至关重要的作用。
Lifelong learning starts at school. As a rule, education should not be narrowly
vocational. The curriculum needs to teach children how to study and think. A focus on
“metacognition” will make them better at picking up skills later in life. But the
biggest change is to make adult learning routinely accessible to all. One way is for
citizens to receive vouchers that they can use to pay for training. Singapore has such
“individual learning accounts”; it has given money to everyone over 25 to spend on
any of 500 approved courses. So far each citizen has only a few hundred dollars, but it
is early days.
终身学习从学校开始。一般来说,教育不应该狭隘地说是职业教育。课程
需要教孩子们如何学习和思考。关注“元认知”会让他们在以后的生活中更好
地掌握技能。但最大的变化是让所有人都能正常地接受成人学习。一种方法是
让公民获得他们可以用来支付培训费用的代金券。新加坡有这样的“个人学习
账户”;它给 25 岁以上的每个人提供资金,让他们在 500 门经批准的课程中的
任何一门上花费。到目前为止,每个公民只有几百美元,但还为时过早。
Courses paid for by taxpayers risk being wasteful. But industry can help by
steering people towards the skills it wants and by working with MOOCs and colleges
to design courses that are relevant. Companies can also encourage their staff to learn.
AT&T, a telecoms firm which wants to equip its workforce with digital skills, spends
$30m a year on reimbursing employees’ tuition costs. Trade unions can play a useful
role as organizers of lifelong learning, particularly for those—workers in small firms
or the self-employed—for whom company-provided training is unlikely. A union-run
training programme in Britain has support from political parties on the right and left.
纳税人支付的课程有浪费的风险。但是,通过引导人们掌握所需的技能,
通过与慕课和大学合作设计相关课程,行业可以提供帮助。公司也可以鼓励员
工学习。美国电话电报公司是一家希望为员工提供数字技能的电信公司,每年
花费 3000 万美元用于支付员工的学费。工会可以发挥有益的作用,作为终身学
习的组织者,特别是对于那些在小公司工作的工人或公司不太可能为其提供培
训的个体经营者。英国的一个工会组织的培训计划得到了左右政党的支持。
5
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
To make all this training worthwhile, governments need to slash the licensing
requirements and other barriers that make it hard for new comers to enter occupations.
Rather than asking for 300 hours’ practice to qualify to wash hair, for instance, the
state of Tennessee should let hairdressers decide for themselves who is the best
person to hire.
为了使所有这些培训都有价值,各国政府需要大幅削减许可证要求和其他
使新来者难以进入职业领域的障碍。例如,田纳西州不应该要求 300 个小时的
实践来获得洗发资格,而是应该让理发师自己决定谁是最适合雇用的人。
Not everyone will successfully navigate the shifting jobs market. Those most at
risk of technological disruption are men in blue-collar jobs, many of whom reject
taking less “masculine” roles in fast-growing areas such as health care. But to keep
the numbers of those left behind to a minimum, all adults must have access to
flexible, affordable training. The 19th and 20th centuries saw stunning advances in
education. That should be the scale of the ambition today.
并不是每个人都能成功地驾驭不断变化的就业市场。最有可能受到技术破
坏的是从事蓝领工作的男性,他们中的许多人拒绝在诸如医疗保健等快速发展
的领域扮演不那么“男性化”的角色。但是,为了将留守儿童的数量保持在最
低水平,所有成年人都必须获得灵活、负担得起的培训。19 世纪和 20 世纪的教
育取得了惊人的进步。这应该是今天雄心壮志的规模。 (415)
(Economists 20170214 P9)
七、拓展阅读
It’s no wonder why millions of students from all around the world opt for online
degree programs or take at least one college course through an online platform.
Online learning has to be the greatest revolution in contemporary education. It made a
huge change in the system and opened great opportunities for everyone who wants to
learn something.
Nevertheless, online education is still related to stereotypes. People often think that
online students are not smart enough for a traditional college or university, they are
lazy, and they don’t get “real” degrees. These claims discourage many people from
taking online courses, so they get stuck in the traditional educational system that
consumes a huge deal of money, nerves, and years of their lives.
Allow us to explain why online learning is more awesome than you think. We have 5
advantages of online learning that will make you reconsider your attitude towards this
type of education.
6
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
Learn everything
For example, let’s say you’re mostly interested in neuroscience. All it takes is a
Google search for such online course, and you’ll easily find the online programs
offered by some of the most prestigious universities from all around the world. You
can take such a course even if you have no aspirations to apply that knowledge in
your future profession, but you’re simply curious to discover new interests and
understand how the human brain works. The great variety of online programs and
courses is a huge advantage of this type of education. It doesn’t matter where you live
and what you want to study – you can always find a suitable course or even a degree
program that you can follow from home.
2. Comfort.
Forget about attending classes for hours, sitting in an uncomfortable chair, and
suffering from back pain by the end of the day. You will not be bound to physical
class session when you opt for online education. All lectures and needed materials are
provided via online platforms, so you’ll easily access them from the comfort of your
home. You will not take public transport to get to campus, you won’t have to spend
money on gas for your car, you won’t have to get up early to get dressed for class…
the list of conveniences goes on and on.
ComfortComfort is a strong advantage, but it can go both ways. You mustn’t allow
yourself to get too comfortable when studying from home, so it would be best to
abandon the couch for few hours a day and set up an inspirational studying
environment in your home. All you need is a large desk and a nice, comfortable chair.
It doesn’t matter where your career stands at this moment; an online program will
always look good on your resume. It will show potential employers that you’re
committed to learning and you’re eager to obtain more knowledge and new skills.
Hiring managers don’t see online degrees as inferior to traditional ones. A degree is a
degree. If you obtain an online degree from a prestigious university, you’ll boost your
career with the speed of light. You will certainly become a better candidate for a job
promotion, and your resume will look much better when you apply for new positions.
4. Self-paced learning.
When you start browsing through interesting online courses and programs, you’ll
notice the Self-Paced label on most of them. What does this mean? Self-paced
learning means that the students can start completing the targets at any time, and he
can arrange a learning schedule that meets his individual needs. Self-placedWhen you
enroll in a traditional college program, you’ll have to forget about work, hobbies, and
7
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
even family. In such setting, studying has to be a priority. That’s why many single
parents and people who work decide to forget all about their dreams to get a higher
degree.
A self-paced system enables them to make progress with rhythm that suits them. This
type of system does not require attending live sessions; you can access the materials at
any time that works for you. If you have to work or take care of your home and
children during the day, you can study at night. That’s an advantage the traditional
educational system cannot beat.
5. Lower costs.
The fact that online programs are cheaper when compared to the ones held in a
traditional campus setting is enough to convince you to consider them. The average
tuition for online courses depends on multiple factors, so it varies from one program
to another. If, for example, you want to enroll in the Big Data Specialization program
provided by University California, San Diego through Coursera, you’ll pay $399. You
also have an option to pay $49 per course. Financial Aid is available for learners who
cannot afford this fee, so that’s something you should always keep in mind.
Cost
We saved the best part for last: many online courses are completely free of charge.
MIT, for example, offers all course materials online without any charges. Free courses
don’t usually come with certificate of completion, but they are still more than useful
for anyone who wants to learn from prestigious educators.
( https://elearningindustry.com/5-advantages-of-online-learning-education-without-
leaving-home)
核心词汇
8
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
9
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
10
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
12
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
employed financed
employee environment finances
employees environmental financial
employer environmentalism financially
employers environmentalist financials
employing environmentalists financier
employment environmentally financiers
employments environments financing
employs underfinanced
unemployable exact unfinanced
unemployed exactly
unemployment exactness find
inexact finder
enable inexactness finders
enabled finding
enabler explain findings
enablers explained finds
enables explainer found
enabling explainers unfound
explaining
end explains follow
ended explanation followed
ending explanations follower
endings explanatory followers
endless unexplained following
endlessly follows
ends extreme
unended extremely forget
unending extremes forgetful
extremism forgetfully
enrol extremist forgetfulness
enroled extremists forgets
enroling extremities forgettable
enroll extremity forgetting
enrolled forgot
enrollee factor forgotten
enrollees factored unforgettable
enrolling factoring unforgotten
enrollment factors
enrollments four
enrolls family forties
enrolment familial fortieth
enrolments families fortieths
enrols subfamilies forty
preenrol subfamily fortyish
preenrolled fours
preenrolling fee fourteen
preenrollment fees fourteenth
preenrollments fourteenths
preenrols finance fourth
13
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
14
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
15
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
17
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
18
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
interrelations preschooler
interrelationship rhythm preschoolers
interrelationships rhythmic preschooling
related rhythmical preschools
relatedness rhythmically schooled
relates rhythmics schooling
relating rhythms schools
relation unschooled
relational right
relations righthand search
relationship righthanded searched
relationships righthander searcher
unrelated righthanders searchers
rightist searches
relax rightists searching
relaxation rightmost searchingly
relaxations
relaxed save see
relaxer saved saw
relaxers saver seeing
relaxes savers seen
relaxing saves seer
saving seers
require savings sees
required unsaved seest
requirement unseeing
requirements say unseeingly
requires said unseen
requiring saying
sayings self
resume says selfhood
resumed sez selfish
resumes unsaid selfishly
resuming unsayable selfishness
resumption selfless
schedule selflessly
revolution nonscheduled selflessness
revolutionaries reschedule selves
revolutionary rescheduled unselfish
revolutionise reschedules unselfishly
revolutionised rescheduling unselfishness
revolutionises sch
revolutionising scheduled session
revolutionist schedules sessional
revolutionists scheduling sessions
revolutionize unscheduled
revolutionized set
revolutionizes school sets
revolutionizing preschool setting
revolutions preschooled settings
19
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
20
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
21
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
22
菁准考英语:高考英语外刊原创 20200221
reworks
unworkable
unworked
workable
worked
worker
workers
workin
working
workings
works
world
unworldliness
unworldly
worldliness
worldly
worlds
worth
unworthy
worthier
worthies
worthiest
worthily
worthiness
worthless
worthlessness
worthy
23