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Un período de decadencia y desorden de la nacionalidad a lo largo del cual se pueden distinguir al menos 5 "dinastías", o más bien "familias reales". Gobernaban en
diferentes partes del Alto Egipto. Ellos "tenían reinados" usualmente de manera efímera y al mismo tiempo que otros. A continuación se presentan los de los gobernantes
que reclamaron un título real y de los que podemos decir algo. Algunos de los nombres posiblemente sean nombres diferentes de la misma persona.
Para ver correctamente la transcripción del título de los reyes , descargue e instale la fuente de transliteración.
elegir dinastía 1
1776-1774 Ugaf
1786-1783 (Redford)
1766-1764 (Ryholt) Hr sxm-nTrw
1759-1757 (Franke; Hornung, Krauss, xai-bAw
Warburton)
mry- [ tAwi ]
xwi-tAwi-ra
wgA.f
wgA.f Ugaf
T p ahora se conservan algunos artefactos de fecha posterior a los tiempos de esta regla que corroboran la dominación egipcia en Nubia a continuación. Están
ubicados cerca de la II Catarata. Notas posteriores sobre Ugaf se encuentran en el Canon de Turín y la Mesa Real de Karnak y en la cuadra del templo de Montu en
buscar en el sitio web : Medamud, así como la insignia de Rubenson que data del Período Tardío. D. Franke cree que Ugaf podría haber sido comandante militar antes de que él tomara el
mando .
IMN-m-hat snb.f Amenemhat Se n buf (Amón I s Un t T que Cabeza; Él me s sano ; Amon es lo más importante
)
T urin Canon da 3 años de gobierno. Se encontraron algunas reliquias como: bloques de piedra de Tod, un sello, escarabajo, inscripciones de Semna y Aksut,
estatua del templo en Elefantina.
sxm-ra xwi-tAwi Sekhemre Khutawi (Poderoso es Re; Protector de las Dos Tierras)
pA-n-Tni Panteni
T urin Canon menciona 6 años de. Su existencia también está probada por papiros de Illahun y Nilometer de Semna en Nubia, así como
placa real de Karnak y artefactos de Bubastis, Uronarti y Kerma.
1761-1758 Amenemhat V
1796-1793 (Ryholt)
/
1746-1743 (Franke) Hr sanx-tAwi
... ...
... ...
sxm-kA-ra
imn- <ra> -m-HAt (Tur .6.7 )
Detlef Franke is questioning the existence of Amenemhat. In his opinion second and fourth ruler of this dynasty are the same person,
reigning ca. 1750 BC.
The ruler authenticated by cylindrical seal and on recently discovered fragment of stele of galenite mine in Gebel Zeit at Red Sea. In opinion of Kim Ryholt Ameni
Kemau (1793-1791) & Sehetepibre (1783-1781) are two different kings. Remains of pyramid and sarcophagus belonging to this king were discovered in 1957 on the
necropolis at Dahshur.
1756 Iufeni
1788 (Ryholt)
1741 (Franke) ... ...
... ...
... ...
iw.f-n.i (Tur.6.9)
... ...
Turin Canon and Table of Karnak give evidence to this ruler. His name was inscribed also on stone block from architrave at Heliopolis and
cylindrical seals.
/
8
Throne name of this ruler smn-kA-ra known of Turin Canon meant Ka is the strengthened power of Re. In faience stela of temple of Gebel Zeit discovered in 1984
is disclosed birth name Nebnun – [My] Lord is Nun, which indicates that this ruler used galenite mines in Eastern Mountains.
A ruler presumably of Asiatic origin, his name, recorded in Turin Canon meant Horus protects his father. Only remains of his palace at Tell
el-Daba remained to date. To this king is ascribed also a scarab found at Jerycho.
10
Name of this ruler, mentioned solely in Turin canon, means Re of refreshing Ka.
11
1742 Nedjemibre
1780 (Ryholt)
1736 (Franke) ... ...
... ...
... ...
nDm-ib-ra (Tur.6.14)
... ...
This regent of throne name nDmib-ra Pleasant is the hart of Re is documented in Turin Canon. To him are also ascribed two scarabs, on of Memphis and second
of Asia Minor.
12
Turin Canon mentions birth name of this king - sbk-ra-Htp(w) – Sobek is pleased. His throne xai-anx-ra means Livingywe
incarnation of Re. The ruler is also mentioned in Royal Table of Karnak. On stela of Abydos is preserved his Horus name - Hr smA-tAwi
- Horus the one who unifies the Two Lands, Nebti name - Dd-xaw - Of lasting incarnations and the Golden Horus name - kAw-nTrw -
The Ka strengths of Gods.
13
1736 Reniseneb
1777 (Ryholt)
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
rn(.i)-snb(w) (Tur.6.16)
Name that means My name is healthy appears only in Turin Canon with notion that this king ruled 4 months.
14
Aw(t)-ib-ra Awtibre
With no doubt this king was fond of person of Amenemhat III. This is confirmed both by Hor’s canopic jars sealed with the name of
Amenemhat and incredible care he put to burial place of this great pharaoh. Hor ordered to renovate the pyramid of Amenemhat III at
Dahshur. Himself he wanted to be buried in unused shaft tomb in northern site of this pyramid. This tomb was discovered in 1894 by J.
de Morgan and yielded remains of burial and funerary equipment.
15
sDfA-kA-ra Sedjefakare
The ruler mentioned on basis of the monument sacred to god Montu, on cylindrical seals, scarab and graffito in pyramid of queen Chuit at Sakkara.
16
Son of Amenemhat VIII and queen Nubhetepti, carrying double name of Amenemhat-Sebekhotep. According to J. von Beckerath who
assigns to this ruler the Bulak papyrus 18, he used to rule at least 3 years. Based on Brooklyn Papyrus 35.1446, S. Quirke extended this
period by next two years. Traces of building activities of Sebekhotep II are found in Theban district, Gebelein and Kerma. D. Franke assigns
to Sebekhotep a pyramid (Ai I ?) located south-east of Khendjer’s pyramid in Southern Sakkara.
17
xnDr Khendjer
Burial place – pyramid at North Saqqara, primarily 37 m high, angle of slope 55 o, crowned with pyramidion of black granite, surrounded
with outer and internal brick-wall. The complex consisted also of mortuary temple, north chapel and queen’s pyramid. Inside the pyramid
there was a row of passages with uncommon system of blocades and arrangements securing the chamber which itself was hollowed out of a
60 t block of quartzite. The existence of the pharaoh Khendjer is recorded on two papyri, of Brooklyn and Bulak-18. In the Turin Canon no
information about lenght of his reign.
18
smnx-kA-ra Semenkhkare
J. von Beckerath suggests that name of the ruler which meant Commander of the army was primarily a title adequate to his function and
became his name at the moment of his taking the rule. To the king are devoted to colossal sitting statues of Tanis (placed primarily at
Memphis) and usurped later by Apopis. He ruled presumably for 2-3 years.
/
19
1709 Intef IV
1710 (Franke)
... ...
... ...
... ...
sHtp-kA-ra , Htp-kA-ra , [sHtp]-kA-ra (Tur.6.22)
ini.it.f
sHtp-kA-ra Sehetepkare
ini.it.f Intef
Ruler whose name is mentioned in the Turyn Canon, statue of Medinet Maadi and scarabs.
20
1708 Seth I
?-1749 (Ryholt)
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
...-ib-[ra] stH (Tur.6.23)
Inscription of the name remained only on a fragment of Turin Canon. Presumably he ruled very shortly.
c
Ibi II
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
iby
iby Ibi
ok.1740 (Franke)
Aakeni
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
aA-qni(w)
aA-qni(w) Aakeni
Name of this ruler, meaning the brave donkey appears merely in genealogy of priests at Memphis. In Backerath opinion this name comes from Seth is Brave, and
was altered to this form at the time of excommunication of the god Seth.
21
sxm-ra swAD-tAwi Sekhemre Swadjtawi (Powerful Is Re ; He Makes To Flourish The Two Lands)
/
Son of Mentuhotep and Juhetibu. Scarabs and inscriptions on the island Sekhel as well as inscriptions on rock near Hermonthis explain genealogy of Sebekhotep’s
family. At the beginning of his rule he probably sent military expeditions to Asia. His building activity focused mainly around Theban district, Bubastis, Sekhel and
Elephantine. The Turin Canon assigns to him one year, one month and two days of rule.
22
Turin Canon gives him 11 years and 1 month of rule. Neferhotep was son of Haankhef, the high priest from Abydos, and Kemi. His two
brothers, Sahathor and Sebekhotep IV, held rule immediately after him. Neferhotep resided at Ithi-tawi in Central Egypt. Traces of this
pharaoh’s rule were found both at Byblos (Phoenicia), Aswan and Buhen in Nubia. Building activity was focused mainly near Fayum,
Thebes, at Abydos and on Elephantine. Burial place of the ruler might have been pyramid at Mazghuna provided that it does not belong to
Sebekhotep IV, as some scholars suggest.
23
1694 Sahathor
1735 (Redford)
1733 (Ryholt) ... ...
1727 (Malek) ... ...
1694 (Franke)
... ...
mn-wAD-ra
<ra>sA-HtHr (Tur.6.26)
mn-wAD-ra Menwedjre
Brother of Neferhotep I and Sebekhotep IV, ruling for a short time. Apart from Turin Canon, where data concerning period of Sebekhotep rule did not survive, his
rule is documented in rock inscriptions of Sehel and Wadi Hammamat as well as two statues of a temple of Hekaib on Elephantine.
24
Stela of Edfu gives evidence of year 8 of Sebekhotep rule. He was brother of his immediate predecessors to the throne. The Royal List of
Karnak places Sebekhotep immediately after Neferhotep I omitting short rule of Satathor. This ruler left numerous monuments all over
Egypt giving evidence of great significance and might of his rule; many statues of Sebekhotep are known. Documented war campaign into
Lower Nubia is a proof of rather offensive policy at those times, however some scholars (W. Helck) suggest that in times of Sebekhotep (or
directly after they ended) there was a governmental breakdown leading to formation of few independent principalities. At the same time
Hyksos might have come to the rule in Delta.
25
/
xai-htp-ra Khaihotepre (Perfect In Appearence, Re)
Sebekhotep ruled 4 years, 8 months and 29 days as stated in Turin Canon. He is also mentioned on Royal Table from Karnak. We do not
know any more traces of this ruler’s existence other than these two sources.
26
The Turin Canon assigns to him ten years, eight months and twenty eight days of rule. Name of this ruler (apart from Turin Canon) survived on scarabs, a seal and
stele of Sahathor. His wife was queen Khaesnebu.
27
1669 - 1656 Ai I
1714-1701 (Barth)
1712-1700 (Redford) ... ...
1706-1683 (Malek) ... ...
1704-1690 (Grimal)
1701-1677 (Ryholt) ... ...
1700-1690 (Beckerath) mri-nfr-ra
1684-1661 (Hornung, Krauss, Warburton) iy
1669-1656 (Franke)
1664-1641 (Lehner)
iy Ai
Turin canon assigns to him a rule of 23 years, 8 months and 28 days. Evidence of his rule is disclosed both by relics in south and north of the land, among others:
pyramidion from his, located presumably at Saqqara, pyramid, door-frames and stone blocks of temple at Karnak and numerous scarabs.
28
Ruler documented by Turin Canon, Royal Table, statue and stele from Karnak and stele from Abydos. Precise identity of Sebekhotep remains
still controversial. D. Franke identifies him with king named Ani, the same name is regarded as ancestral name of Sebekhotep. Turin Canon
ascribes him 2 years, 2 months and 9 days of rule.
e
/
1700-1698 (Redford)
1677-1675 (Ryholt) Ini I
1656-1654 (Franke)
1660-1659 (Hornung, Krauss, Warburton) ... ...
... ...
... ...
mri-itp-ra
in(i)
mri-itp-ra Meriitepre
in(i) Ini
King mentioned in Turin Canon and Royal plate of Karnak. Probably he ruled 3 years and 2 months.
30
1672-1669 (Ryholt)
Ined
... ...
... ...
... ...
mri-sxm-ra
ind , mri-sxm-ra ind (Tur.7.6)
The ruler mentioned in Turin Canon. His throne name means Beloved is rule of Re. In J. von Beckerath and D. Franke opinionhe may be identified with
Neferhotep II.
Throne name of the king, Merisekhemre, means Beloved is rule of Re. This name is identical with his predecessor’s name and due to this fact J. von Beckerat
assumed they were one person. Turin Canon assigned to him 3 years and 1 month of rule.
31
swAD-kA-ra Suadjkare
Hri Hori /
The ruler mentioned solely in Turin Canon. According to this source he ruled no more than one year but A. Gardiner suggested 5 years.
32
Ruler decumented in Turin Canon (over 2 years of rule) and royal table from Karnak and one of statues.
37
Dd(w)-msi(w) Didumes
Two rulers of the same name or one who changed titulary during his reign. Sometimes the ruler is identified with Tutimaios (of Manetho) under whom Egypt was
probably attacked by Hyksos. In D. Franke opinion Didumes might have been the contemporary of Salitis, the first Hyksos ruler.
38
Ibi III
... ...
... ...
... ...
...-mAat-ra (Tur.7.14)
ibi
ibi Ibi
Throne name of this ruler means „[Perfect] in Maat, Re”. It is mentioned only in Turin Canon.
39
Hor III
... ...
... ...
... ...
...wbn-ra (Tur.7.15)
Hr
...wbn-ra ...benre
Hr Hor
40
Se...kare /
... ...
... ...
... ...
s...kA-ra (Tur.7.16)
... ...
s...kA-ra Se...kare
41
1640 (Franke)
Senebmiu
... ...
... ...
... ...
swAH.n-ra
snb-miiw
swAH.n-ra Swahenre
snb-miiw Senebmiu
Ruler mentioned by Turin Canon, fragment of stele of Gebelein and various items from Gebelain and Deir el-Bahari.
44
1805-1780 (Ryholt)
1640 (Franke) Sekhaenre
... ...
... ...
... ...
sxai.n-ra
... ...
sxai.n-ra Sekhaenre
Ruler documented in Turin Canon (?) and remains of funerary temple of Mentuhotep II in Deir el-Bahari. Ryholt places him as a first king of XIV Dynasty.
46
Merikheperre
... ...
... ...
... ...
mri-xpr-ra (Tur.7.22)
... ...
Regent named Beloved form of Re is mentioned in Turin Canon and a scarab of British Museum.
47
Merikare
... ...
... ...
... ...
mri-kA-[ra] (Tur.7.23)
... ...
Senweseret IV ( Sesostris IV )
Hr wHm-anx
sanx-tAwi
nfr-xaw
snfr-ib-ra
s(i)-n-wsrt
snfr-ib-ra Seneferibre
/
s(i)-n-wsrt Senweseret (Man From Weseret; Man Of Goddess Wosret)
Ruler of unknown chronology, however he should be ascribed to this dynasty. His existence and titulary are confirmed by some artifacts – royal table of Karnak,
statue and fragment of stele dated to first year of his rule.
Montuemsaf
... ...
... ...
... ...
Dd-anx-ra
mnTw-m-sA.f
This ruler, whose throne name Dd-anx-ra means Eteral Is The Life of Re and the birth name mnTw-m-sA.f – Monu protects him. Existence of Montuemsaf is
confirmed by stele of Gebelein and a few scarabs.
1629-1628 (Ryholt)
Neferhotep III
Hr wAD-xaw
aA-pHti
mn...
sxm-ra-sanx-tAwi
nfr-Htp , ii-Hr-nfrwt
sxm-ra-sanx-tAwi Sekhemre Sankhtawi (The Power Of Re Brings Life To The Two Lands)
ii-Hr-nfrwt Ihernofret
King whose full titulary is known thanks to stele discovered in temple of Karanak. He is presented there as king-warrior who defends and saves a city of Thebes.
For the first time in Egyptian history the blue crown is mentioned in the stele of Neferhotep. Ryholt assigned him to XVI Dynasty.
Mentuhotep V
... ...
... ...
... ...
mri-anx-ra
mnTw-Htp(w)
The ruler’s throne name was mri-anx-ra, Re Is Pleased With Life. From his times remained only statue of god Sobek, found at Karnak.
1796 (Ryholt)
Nerkare
... ...
... ...
... ...
nrw-kA-ra (Tur)
... ... /
nrw-kA-ra Nerkare
Wesermontu
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
wsr-mnTw , wsr-[mn]Tw
Ruler named Montu Is Strong is known from stele and limestone block from Deir el-Bahari.
m
1645-1629 (Ryholt)
Sebekhotep VIII
... ...
... ...
... ...
sxm-ra swsr-tAwi
sbk-Htp(w)
Ruler documented by royal table from Karnak. Stele built in the third pylon in temple in Karnak mentions fourth year of his rule. Ryholt assigned this ruler to XVI
Dynasty.
Ini II
... ...
... ...
... ...
mri-Sps-ra
ini
ini Ini
The ruler whose throne name Beloved Is The Dignity of Re is known from the sitting statue devoted to Amun-re of Karnak.
o
Mentuhotep VI
... ...
... ...
... ...
swDa-ra
mnTw-Htp(w)
swDa-ra Suwadjre
Mentuhotep VI is known to us only from a fragment from mortuary temple of Mentuhotep Nebhepetre at Deir el-Bahari.
p
Senaib
Hr swAD-tAwi
... ...
... ...
mn-xaw-ra
/
snaa-ib
This king is mentioned on stele of Abydos by a name snaa-ib Of Mild Heart, and throne name mn-xaw-ra Of Invariable Incarnations of Re. At the stele the king is
presented in blue crown in front of Horus-Min.
Sebekhotep IX
... ...
... ...
... ...
mAa-ra
sbk-Htp(w)
mAa-ra Maare
Wepwawetemsaf
... ...
... ...
... ...
sxm-ra nfr-xaw
wpwAwt-m-sA.f
The ruler’s name means Wepwawet is my Protection and is confirmed at stela of Abydos and hieratic graffito in a tomb of prince Amenemhat at Beni Hasan.
s
Hor Meritaui
Hr mri-tAwi
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
sbk<A>y Sebekai
xwi-iqr Khuiiker
/
The king’s existence is testified in Turin Canon and architrave with his name found at Abydos by Sir W.F. Petrie.
x
Seankhptah
... ...
... ...
... ...
s-HqA-n-ra
sA-anx-ptH
s-HqA-n-ra Sekhekaenre
sa-ans-ptH Seankhptah
Sakare
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
sA (?) - kA-ra