Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez

IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe

"Sustainable transportation" means transportation that produces few, if any, air pollution
emissions. Examples include public transport, car sharing, walking and cycling.

Build up your vocabulary!

Classify the following words

Bike Tram Raft

Submarine Train Globe

Plane bicycle Car

Lorry Ship Bus

GROUND SEA AIR

BASIC VOCABULARY
Nouns.- bus, lorry, car bike, train, motorbike, taxi, cart, transatlantic, sailing ship, raft,
submarine, yacht, plane, helicopter, globe, boat, streetcar,.
Verbs.- Drive, park, speed up, brake, land, take off, board.
Adjectives.- Beautiful, ugly, clean, small, medium, comfortable, uncomfortable, new, old,
fast, slow, wide, narrow, large, sustainable, dirty.

• What forms of transportation do people use most in Lebrija?

• How do different forms of transportation affect us and the world around us?

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
Grammar

♣ Complete with the following sentences

Lorry – car – train – metro – bus – plane

1 Juan goes everyday to work by ................

2 Pedro transports different fruits to Europe by .......................
3 Madrid y Barcelona are linked by ...................
4 The 22nd of May we will go to Seville by.............
5 .............. goes under the ground.
6 The ............... is the most expensive transport.

♣ Complete the sentences to make them true. Use can or can´t.

1. You …............. use the sun for energy.

2. Babies …............ drive cars.
3. Snakes …......... fly.
4. Elephants …............ sing.
5. …....... I go to the toilet, please?
6. Cats …............. climb trees.
7.
♣ Complete the sentences to make them true. Use must or mustn't.

1. Passengers …........ enter or leave when the train is moving.

2. Passengers …............. smoke on the bus.
3. Children …........... travel with an adult.
4. You …............. throw papers, plastic bags or empty bottles in the street.
5. You ….......... return your library books on time.
6. Alba´s room is messy. She …................ tidy it.

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
♣ Complete the sentences. Use will and the verbs in brackets.

1. John ………………. (not miss) the bus.

2. All the students …………………… (enjoy) the trip.
3. I ………………….. (ride) mi bike to school tomorrow.
4. My family ………………………. (go) to the theater next weekend.
5. The weather ………………….. (not be) cold tomorrow.

♣ Write questions with the words below. Use will.

1. you / get / homework / on Friday

……………………………………………………………………….

2. your teacher / give / you / a test / next week

………………………………………………………………………

3. you / go / to the movies / on Saturday

……………………………………………………………………..

4. your mother / answer / the phone

……………………………………………………………………….

♣ Write negative sentences using will.

1. (I / answer / the question)

2. (she / read / the book)
3. (they / drink / beer)
4. (we / send / the postcard)
5. (Vanessa / catch / the ball)

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
Warming – Up / Speaking

Answer the following questions

1. Do you think there is a relationship between the way you move in the city (bus, car, bike,
on foot…) and pollution?

2. Do you prefer the bus or the car? Why?

3. Do the noise and pollution produced by traffic affect you? How?

4. Do you use the bicycle in Lebrija? When?

5. When do your family use the car?

6. Which of the following uses more space in the street? Pedestrian, car, motorbike, bike…

7. Why do people use the car to go shopping?

8. What causes car accidents? Can you think of any solutions?

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
A.V.O. Project
Introduction
Many countries around the world, have serious air quality problems. And, while the pollu-
tion may start in a particular geographic area, winds carry these clouds of pollution to other
regions. As cities grow in size, air pollution problems often grow as well. One of the biggest
sources of pollution is gaspowered vehicles - notably cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, and
other engines that need gasoline in order to run. As the population has increased, so, too,
has the number of vehicles.

Average Vehicle Occupancy in Your Community

It is true that cars are "cleaner" than in the past, but the rapid rise in the number of
vehicles on the highways still creates a lot of pollution. One way to get everyone where
they're going with fewer vehicles is to use alternative means of travel such as buses,
trains, bicycles, and carpools. The number of people traveling divided by the number of
vehicles gives us an "Average Vehicle Occupancy" or AVO. Students will determine the
Average Vehicle Occupancy in Lebrija and discuss ways to improve this number.

The more people a single car can transport, the better it is for the environment. Not only
does this reduce air pollution, it helps make our roads and highways last longer, saves
gasoline and oil, reduces stress associated with traveling in heavy traffic, and slows down
the need to build bigger and longer superhighways.

The number of people traveling divided by the number of vehicles gives us an "Average
Vehicle Occupancy" or AVO. For example, according to the Federal Highway
Administration, in 1997 the United States had an AVO of 1.59. This is the same as saying
that 159 people are getting to their destinations by using 100 vehicles:

159 people = 1. 59 AVO

100 vehicles

Procedure

1. Using a street map of Lebrija highlight the "commuter roads." These are the major road-
ways that people use to travel to or from work. From this map determine the best locations
to do a survey of traffic and the number of people
traveling in each vehicle. Before conducting the survey, inspect each observation point and
carefully select a safe place to stand.

2. Students should predict what they think the average vehicle occupancy will be.
Then, using a tally sheet, have students determine the number of vehicles and the
number of people in each vehicle. Students should keep a separate count of any
walkers or bikers. Have students survey for 15 minutes. Compare the different
sites in your community.

3. Have students develop a written (entry in blog) and oral survey to determine commuters'
attitudes toward trip reduction. The survey should focus on reasons drivers have for driv-
ing alone. After analyzing the survey responses, have students come up with ideas that
promote carpooling, bicycling, bus riding, and walking.

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe

PARTS OF A BICYCLE

bell luggage carrier

brake mudguard
chain pedal
dynamo pump
frame rear lamp
gears saddle
handlebar sprocket
headlamp tyre
kick stand wheel

http://www.manythings.org/vocabulary/games/e/words.php?f=bicycle_parts

http://visual.merriam-webster.com/transport-machinery/road-transport/bicycle/parts-
bicycle.php

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Complete the gaps with the different parts of the bicycle; then you can draw your
own bike!
brake lever - the hand lever used to activate
the brakes.
chain - it transfers the energy from the mo-
tion of the pedals to the back wheel.
chain wheel - the large wheel on which the
chain is held, near the pedals.
down tube - the tube that attaches the.
front brake - it stops the front wheel.
front fork - it attached the front wheel to the
bicycle.
front reflector - a safety device in the front of
the bike that lets cars see you at night.
handlebar stem - this supports the handle-
bar.
handlebars - where you hold onto the bicycle
to steer it.
hub - the central part of a wheel.
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Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
pedal - where your feet go to power the bi-
cycle.
rear brake - it stops the rear wheel.
rear reflector - a safety device in the back
of the bike that lets cars see you at night.
rim - the support of the wheel.
saddle - the seat.
seat tube - the tube that supports the seat
post.
seat post - it supports the seat.
shift levers - the levers on the handlebars
used to shift gears.
spokes - the thin, metal wires that attach
the rim to the wheel hub.
tire - the inflated, rubber part of the wheel.
top tube - the tube that attaches the handle-
bar stem to the seat post.
 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
Read the following instructions for riding your bikes and then answer the questions.

IMPORTANT TIPS FOR OFF-ROAD SAFETY

Lights
Lights are very important for trail riding if you're not 100% sure that you'll be out of the
forest by sundown.
Your Route
It's always best not to go out alone, but if you do, always tell someone the area/route you
plan to ride and when to expect you back.
Hydration
Water bottles may be preferred by roadies, but you don't have the same opportunities to
refill when on the trail. Hydration packs are not only preferred for long trail rides, they can
be a medical necessity to keep well hydrated. And if you're carrying the backpack, energy
bars or other sources of packaged energy may also be important.
Extra Tubes
Carry an extra tube and patch kit. The patch kit will fix a small hole, but it's good to have
an entire tube for a big hole.
Face/Skin Protection
Carry insect repellent and sunscreen. Wear eye protection, even if you don't wear pre-
scription glasses. You will need protection from sticks, branches, insects, and flying
stones.
Clothing
Carry a long sleeve T-shirt in case the weather turns bad. These shirts are lightweight,
compressible and can fit in small packs. Remember, you're riding in the mountains a lot of
times and weather can change quickly in those settings.
Trail Etiquette
• Always respect private property.
• Bikers yield to all other trail users.
• Do not ride trails posted as "no biking".
• Do not ride during extremely wet conditions so that environmental impacts are minimized.
• Know the rules when riding on public lands such as state parks or hunting lands.
• Never leave garbage/rubbish on the trails!

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
1. Why is it a good idea to take a hydration pack with you on a trail route?

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2. What type of T-shirt should you wear? Why?

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3. Should you put light on the bike? Why?

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe

Top Bicycle Safety Rules

1. Always wear a properly fitted bicycle helmet to protect your head – every time you ride.

2. Use a bicycle that is the appropriate size for you, not one that is too big.

3. Before you ride make sure you don’t have any loose clothing, drawstrings, or shoelaces;
they can get caught in your chain and make you fall.

4. Have an adult check the air in your tires and that your brakes are working before you
ride.

5. Wear bright clothes so others can see you at all times of the day.

6. Stay alert at all times; never listen to music when riding. Pay attention and watch for
cars, people, and other bicyclists around you.

7. Don’t bicycle at night. If you must ride, make sure your bike has reflectors and lights and
wear
retro-reflective materials on your ankles, wrists, back and helmet.

8. Before you enter any street or intersection check for traffic by looking left-right-left to
make
sure no cars or trucks are there.

9. Learn and follow the rules of the road.

Rules of the Road

1. When riding in the road, always ride on the right hand side (same direction as traffic).

2. Obey traffic laws, including all the traffic signs and signals.

3. Ride predictably—ride in a straight line, don’t weave in and out of traffic.

4. When riding on a sidewalk -- show respect for the people walking on the sidewalk. Ring
your bell to let them know you are coming and always pass them on the left.

5. Look for debris on your route that could cause you to fall off your bicycle, like trash,
stones, toys.

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe

Cycling Poster Contest

THEMES:
• Bike Safety
• Using our bicycles in Lebrija
• Bicycles as sustainable transportation

RULES:
• Horizontal Layout
• You can use crayon, pen and ink, paint or colored marking pens
• Be Original – do not use copyrighted material
• All posters must have the student artist’s name at the back
• Use a slogan or message in your poster

JUDGING CRITERIA:
• Clear message conveyed by the slogan and artwork;
• The poster theme mentioned above is addressed;
• Creativity, originality and artistic quality;
• Visual clarity - easily read;
• Bright and colorful.

DEADLINE:

• February, 25th 2011

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
Reading Comprehension

Bicycles
Do you know how to ride a bicycle?

A bicycle is also called a bike. It has a saddle for us to sit on. It has two pedals, two
wheels, and two handlebars. To make it move is quite easy. We don't need a key to turn on
the engine. We don't need to go to a gas station to fill up the tank. All we need to do is to
put our feet on the pedals and begin pedaling. As we move our feet in circles, we make the
wheels spin. Then the bicycle goes. Once we start moving, we can use the handlebars to
control our direction. If we want to turn right, we turn our handlebars to the right. If we want
to turn left, we turn our handlebars to the left. If we want to stop, we press the breaks on
the handlebars.

While this sounds very simple, we still need some practice before we can ride well.

Bicycles have been around for more than 150 years. But nobody really knows who made
the first bicycle. Some think a nobleman from Germany did. That bicycle did not have
pedals. To make the wheels spin, he had to push his feet against the ground. He called
that bicycle a "running machine."

Of course, it was not comfortable to ride a bicycle this way. So about twenty years later, a
blacksmith from Scotland put two pedals on a bicycle. That small change made a big
difference. Ever since then people could ride bicycles without touching their feet to the
ground!

Bicycles are a very popular way to get around. They are also a very popular sport. For
bicycle races, Lance Armstrong was one of the best!

Armstrong grew up in Texas. He has always been very good at riding bicycles. He has won
many titles since he was a boy. But several years ago, he got bad news from doctors.
Doctors told him that he was very sick. He had to go to hospitals often. He could not ride
bicycles. He could not join bicycle races. But Armstrong never gave up. After he felt better,
he began riding bicycles again. Soon he started joining bicycle races, too. One year later,
he won a major bicycle race in France. Everybody was very happy for him. But Armstrong
did not stop there. Since then, he has won six more times in the same bicycle race. His
spirit and strength made him a great athlete!

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
Circle the correct answer.

1. How long ago was the first bicycle made?

a) More than 250 years ago
b) More than 300 years ago
c) More than 150 years ago
d) More than 650 years ago

2. What can we not find in the "running machine"?

a) Wheels
b) Pedals
c) Handlebars
d) All of the above

3. Lance Armstrong ____ .

a) Won the title of a major bicycle race in France six times before he got sick
b) Grew up in New York
c) Quit riding bicycles after he got sick
d) Is very good at riding bicycles

4. When we ride bicycles, what do we use to control directions?

a) Handlebars
b) Pedals
c) Saddle
d) Wheels

5. How did the nobleman from Germany make his bicycle move?
a) He put an engine in his bicycle.
b) He stood behind his bicycle and pushed it.
c) He pushed his feet against the ground.
d) He put his feet on the pedals and began pedaling.

6. Who was the first person to put pedals on a bicycle?

a) A nobleman from France
b) A blacksmith from Germany
c) A blacksmith from Scotland
d) A nobleman from Scotland

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 Luciano Sánchez Rodríguez
IES El Fontanal – 1º Bilingüe
Moving Around in Lebrija: A Blog Entry

Create a new post (100 -120 words) in our blog; tell the rest of the class how you usually
move around in Lebrija, what modes of transportation you use and why. Also explain if you
can change some of these to make transportation more sustainable in your town. You can
also upload a picture or a video to support your presentation. Be ready to share it with your
partners in class.

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