Problem No.

How many liters of 60% solution of nitric acid should be added to a 40 L of a 30% solution to obtain
a 50% solution of the acid?

A. 50
B. 80
C. 65
D. 95

Given conditions:

40 Liters of 30% Nitric Acid solution

Unknown volume of a 60% Nitric Acid solution

Required:

Volume of the 60% Nitric Acid solution to attain 50% Nitric Acid Solution

Solution:

Refer to the table below

Volume 40 Liters x (Liters) 40 Liters + x (Liters)

Nitric Acid 30% 60% 50%
Others 70% 40% 50%

By composition analysis on Nitric Acid,

30% (40 Liters) + 60% (x) = 50% (40 Liters + x)

0.3 (40 Liters) + 0.6 (x) = 0.5 (40 Liters + x)

12 Liters + 0.6x = 20 Liters + 0.5x

0.6x – 0.5x = 20 Liters – 12 Liters

0.1x = 8 Liters

x = 80 Liters ; therefore the answer is letter B

Discussion:
 The required volume is obtained by conceptualizing the given conditions. By using ratio and
proportion, the equation 30% (40 Liters) + 60% (x) = 50% (40 Liters + x) was made. Simply use
mathematical operations on the equation and combine like terms to attain the volume needed.

Problem No. 2

A tank can be filled by one pipe in 9 hours and by another pipe in 12 hrs starting empty, how long
will it take to fill the tank if water is being taken out by a third pipe at rate per hour equal to one-sixth the
capacity of the tank?
A. 18 hrs B. 15 hrs C. 21 hrs D. 36 hrs
Given:
Pipe 1 = 9 hours
Pipe 2 = 12 hours
Pipe 3(out) = 1/6 (capacity)/hr
Required:
Time to fill the tank, x
Solution:
To solve for the number of hours to fill the tank, add the time of the two pipes that fill the tank
and subtract the rate of the water taken out by the third pipe.
Let x be the time it will take to fill the tank

( Pipe1 1 + Pipe1 2 − Pipe1 3 )= 1x

( 19 + 121 − 16 )= 1x
x=36 hours
Therefore, the answer is D.36 hrs
Discussion:
With two pipes that fills the tank and another pipe that taken away the water in the tank, it will
take 36 hours to fill the tank with continuous flow of water both coming in and coming out. This implies
that the rate of water filling is greater than the rate of water being taken out.

Problem No. 3
 Find the remainder if we divide 4y3 + 18y2 + 8y – 4 by (2y + 3).

A. 10 B. 15 C. 11 D. 13
Given:
4y3 + 18y2 + 8y – 4 by (2y + 3)
Required:
Remainder
Solution:

2 y+ 3 √ 4 y 3 +18 y 2+ 8 y−4
By using long division method,
2y2(2y+3) = 4y3+6y2, cancel 4y3
-12y2, bring down 18y then divide by 2y+3
The remainder is 11.
Therefore, the answer is C.11
Discussion:
By using the long division method, we can simply cancel the variables to come up with the
remainder.

Problem No. 4

The sum of two numbers is 35 and their product is 15. Find the sum of their reciprocal.

A. 2/7 B. 2/3 C. 7/3 D. 5/2

Given:

Sum of two numbers = 35

Product of two numbers = 15

Required:

The sum of their reciprocal.

Solution:

x + y = 35

xy = 15
 1 1 x+ y
+ =
x y xy
1 1 35
+ =
x y 15
x = 35/15

Or

x = 7/3

The sum of the reciprocal of the two numbers is C. 7/3

Discussion:

First, list the equations stated in the problem. Then upon inspection substitute the values into the sum
if the reciprocal. Afterwards simply reduce to its lowest term.

Problem No. 5

The seating section in a coliseum has 30 seats in the first row, 32 seats in the second row, 34 seats
in the third row, and so on, until the tenth row is reach, after which there 10 rows each are containing 50
seats. Find the total number of seats in this section?

A. 900 B. 890 C. 810 D. 390

Given:

1st row =30 seats

2nd row = 32 seats

3rd row = 34

Required:

Total number of seats

Solution:

a=30 , d=2

n
Sn = 2 ( a ) + ( n−1 )( d ) ]
2[ 1
 10
S10= [ 2 ( 30 ) + ( 10−1 ) ( 2 ) ]
2

S10=5 ( 78 )

S10=390

Therefore, the answer is D. 390

Discussion:

The problem is an example of Arithmetic Progression because it is a series of numbers having a

common difference, so we use the formula for it. (a) is the first term in the series and (d) is the common
difference.

Problem No. 6

A chemist of a distillery experimented on two alcohol solutions of different strengths 30% and
60% alcohol, respectively. How many cubic meters of each strength must be used in order to produce
mixture of 50 cubic meters that contains 40% alcohol?

A. 25,25 B. 30, 20 C. 23 2/3, 26 1/3 D. 33 1/3, 16 2/3

Given:

30%, x

60%, 50 – x

40%, 50

Required:

m3 for 30% solutions

m3 for 60% solutions

Solution:

0.30(x) + 0.60(50-x) = 0.40(50)

0.3x + 30 – 0.6x = 20

x = 33.33333333 m3  m3 for 30% solutions

 50 – x

50 – (33.33333333) = 16.66666667 m3  m3 for 60% solutions

The final answer is D. 33 1/3, 16 2/3

Discussion:

Let 30% solutions with x variable, 60% solution with 50-x and 40% solutions with 50 cubic
meters. Then place them in equation to get the first value for 30% solution and use the value that get in
30% solution to determine the value for 60% solutions.

Problem No. 7
What is the angle between two vectors A and B? 
A = 2i + 10j + 4k 
B = 20i - 4j + 4k 
A. 85.98 deg B. 61.60 deg C. 74.49 deg D. 42.25 deg 
Given:
A = 2i + 10j + 4k 
B = 20i - 4j + 4k 
Required:
Angle
Solution:
A.⃗
Using the Dot Product of two vectors: ⃗ B =| A||B|cos θ
Rearranging to solve for angle, θ :
A .⃗
⃗ B
cos θ=
AB
A.⃗
Where: ⃗ B is the dot product of the two vectors which is
A.⃗
⃗ B = A X B X + A Y BY + A Z B Z
A.⃗
⃗ B =( 2 ) (20 )+ ( 10 )(−4 )+(4 )(4)
A.⃗
⃗ B =16
A and ⃗
A and B are the magnitudes of vectors : ⃗ B which are
A=√ 2 2+102 + 42
A=2 √30
B= √ 202 +(−4)2 + 42
B=12 √ 3
Then, substitutes all the given values on the equation
16
cos θ=
( 2 √30 ) ( 12 √ 3 )
θ=85.97034179
Thus, the answer is A. 85.98 deg

Discussion:
First, solve the dot product of the two vectors then, the magnitudes of A and B vectors. Then,
substitutes all the given and computed values to solve the angle between A and B vectors.

Problem No. 8

Box A has 4 white balls, 4 blue balls and 6 orange balls. Box B has 2 white balls, 6 blue balls and
6 orange balls. If one ball is drawn from each box, what is the probability that one of the two balls will be
white?

A. 0.985 B. 0.437 C. 0.743 D. 0.347

Given:

Box A Box B

4 white balls 2 white balls

4 blue balls 6 blue balls

6 orange balls 6 orange balls

Required:

Probability that one of the two balls drawn from each box will be white

Solution:

P=(probability of drawing a white ball in Box A)(probability of not drawing a white ball in Box
B)+ (probability of drawing a white ball in Box B)(probability of not drawing a white ball in Box
A)

P= ( 144 )( 1214 )+( 142 )( 1014 )

 17
P= ∨0.3469387755
49

Therefore, the answer is letter D. 0.347

Discussion:

In this problem, we include the probability of not drawing the white ball on each box in order to
arrive in the correct answer.

Problem No. 9

Find the sum of even integers between 1 to 31.

A. 210
B. 240
C. 220
D. 242

Given:

n (number of elements) = 15 (the number of even numbers from 1 to 31 is 15)

a1 (first term) = 2 (since 2 is the first even number from the stated condition)

a2 (last term) = 30 (since 30 is the last even number from the stated condition)

Required:

Sum of all even integers between 1 and 31

Solution:

n
Formula: ∑ ¿ ¿)
d

Solve for d,

d = (a2 – a1)

since the first even number is 2, the next term is 4

 d = (4 – 2)

d=2

15
∑ ¿ 2 ¿)
Sum = 240 ; therefore the answer is letter B

Discussion:

By following the arithmetic progression (which is a sequence of terms in which any two
consecutive terms has a common difference), the sum of the even numbers between 1 and 31 shall be
solved.

Problem No. 10
Find the sum of odd integers from 1 to 41.
A. 361 B. 431 C. 421 D. 441
Given:
Odd integers from 1 – 41
Required:
Sum
Solution:
Since it is considered as an arithmetic sequence, use the formula below for the sum of the
numbers given.
n
Sn= ( a+ an )
2
where
Sn=∑ of the arithmetic sequence
n=number of units
a=first term
a n=nthterm
Since the number of terms is not given, it can be obtained from the formula:
a n=a+(n−1)( d)
where d=is the difference oftwo consecutive terms
41=1+( n−1)(2)
n=21
Now substitute the obtained value of n to the formula for the sum.
21
Sn = ( 1+ 41 )
2

Sn=441
Therefore, the answer is D. 441
Discussion:
Since the difference between two terms in the sequence is uniform, it is considered as arithmetic
sequence. The d between two terms is 2 since the difference between two consecutive odd integers is 2.
Formula in finding nth term and the sum of an arithmetic sequence are used in order to obtain the
unknown.

Problem No. 11
The sides of a triangle are 8cm, 10cm and 14cm. Determine the radius of inscribed and
circumscribed circle.
A. 3.45, 7.14 B. 2.45, 8.14 C. 2.45, 7.14 D. 3.45, 8.14
Given:
Side a = 8cm
Side b = 10cm
Side c = 14cm

Required:
Radius of inscribed and circumscribed circle
Solution:

8+10+ 14
s= =16 cm
2
A ∆=√ s ( s−a )( s−b ) ( s−c )= √ 16 ( 16−8 ) ( 16−10 )( 16−14 )=16 √ 6 cm2
 ( 8 ) (10 )( 14 )
16 √ 6 cm 2= ; r=7.144345083 cm
4r
16 √ 6 cm 2=16 cm ( r ) ; r =2.449489743 cm
Therefore, the answer is C. r = 2.45, 7.14
Discussion:
By using the formula of the inscribed and circumscribed circle, we got the value of A. Then we
substitute it to each formula to get the radius.
Problem No. 12

Given of diameter x and altitude of h. What percent is the volume of the largest cylinder which can
be inscribed in the cone to the volume of the cone?

A. 44% B. 46% C. 56% D. 65%

Given:

d=x a=h

Required:

The volume of the largest cylinder that can be inscribed in the cone to the volume of the cone.

Solution:

V = πr2h Equation(1)

by ratio and proportion:

R r H-h
=
H H −h r
Hr=RH−Rh
RH −Hr H
h= ⇒ Equation(2) h
R

Substitute:
R
 RH−Hr
V =(πr 2 )
R
2 πr 3 H
V =(πr H )−
R
dV 3 πr 2 H
=2 π rH − =0
dr R
3 πr 2 H
=2 π rH
R
2
r= R
3

Substiture r in (2):

2
RH − H ( ) R
RH −Hr 3
h= =
R R
2
RH −H ( ) R
3 1
= H
R 3

Substitute r and h in (1):

2
V =π
2R
3( ) ( H3 )=π (274 ) R H 2

Let: Vc = volume of the cone

Vc = (1/3)(πR2)(H) = (π/3) R2 H

Ratio=
V
=
( 4 π 27 )( R H ) = (4 π 27 ) =0 . 44 ⇒ 44 %
2

Vc
( π 3) ( R H ) ( π 3)
2

The volume of the cylinder that can be inscribed in the cone to the volume of the cone is 44%.
Discussion:

After drawing the schematic diagram of the problem use ratio and proportion to obtain the second
equation. Next Substitute h to Equation 1 you will obtain r in terms of R. Then Substitute r to Equation 2
to obtain h in terms of H. Now Substitute r and h in Equation 1. Finally, Ratio of Volume of the cylinder
over the Volume of the Cone to cancel all unknown values.

Problem No. 13
What is the area of triangle with sides of 5, 7 and 10?

A. 16.248 B. 25.248 C. 18.248 D. 30.248

Given:

a=5 b=7 c = 10

Required:

Area

Schematic Diagram:

10 5

7
Solution:

A=√ s ( s−a ) ( s−b ) (s−c)

a+ b+c 5+7+10
s= =
2 2

s=11

A=√ 11 ( 11−5 ) ( 11−7 ) (11−10)

A=16.24807681

Therefore, the answer is A. 16.248

Discussion:

The problem gave the three lengths of its sides, we use the Heron’s Formula to find the area.
First, we need to solve the value of (s) which is the sum of the three sides divided by two, and use it to
solve for the Area.

Problem No. 14

What is the interior angle (in radians) of a dodecagon?

 A. 2.361 B. 2.9 C. 2.618 D. 2.75

Given:

n = 12

Required:

Measure of interior angle in radians

Solution:

Sum of the interior angles of n-sided polygon is given as (n−2)⋅π

(12−2) 5
Interior angle of regular dodecagon in radians = ⋅π = π radians or 2.617993878
12 6

The final answer is letter C. 2.618

Discussion:

To get the interior angle in radians of a dodecagon use the formula (n-2)π/n and substitute the
dodecagon which has 12 sides and multiply it in π to find radians.

Problem No. 15
A circle with a radius of 6 has half of its area removed by cutting a border of uniform width. Find
the width of the border. 
A. 2.2 B. 1.76 C. 1.35 D. 3.75
Given:
R = 6 
Required:
Width of the border
Solution:
Where: d is the diameter of the circle
r is the radius of the circle
A=π r 2
Use quadratic equation;
2
ax +bx +c=0
x 2−12 x+18=0
 b ± √b 2−4 ac
x=
2a
For these discriminant b 2−4 ac should not be a negative.
First, we need to compute the discriminant;
2 2
b −4 ac=(−12 ) −4 ( 1 )( 18 ) =72
Discriminant is greater than zero, it means there are two solutions.
−12+ √72
x 1=
2 ( 1)
x 1=1.757359313
−12−√ 72
x 2=
2(1)
x 2=10.24264069
Thus, the answer is B. 1.76

Discussion:
Using the quadratic equation, we can determine the the width of the border. But first, we solve
the discriminant to get a positive value of x.

Problem No. 16

Compute the surface area of the cone having a slant height of 5 cm and a diameter of 6 cm.

A. 47.12 cm2 B. 38.86 cm2 C. 25.64 cm2 D. 30.24cm2

Given:

slant height(l)=5 cm

diameter(d)= 6 cm

Required:

Surface Area of the cone

Schematic Diagram:
 s=5 cm

d=6 cm

Solution:

Since d=6 cm ∴ r=3 cm

SACone=πrs+πr2

SACone=π(3 cm)(5 cm)+π(3cm)2

SACone=24 π or 75.39822369 cm2

Therefore, the answer is 75.39822369 cm2 which is not in the choices.

Discussion:

In this problem, the formula used is the one solvable through the use of slant height. The other
method in solving this problem is using the Pythagorean theorem in order to find h, and use the formula
SAcone=πr[r+(h2+r2)1/2] to find the surface area.

Problem No. 17

A circular cylinder is circumscribed about a right prism having a square base one meter on an
edge. The volume of the cylinder is 6.283 m3. Find its altitude in m.

A. 4.5
B. 5.5
C. 4
D. 5

Given:

Volume of Cylinder (Vc) = 6.283 m3

 Side of a square = 1 m

Required:

Altitude

Schematic Diagram:

Top view of the figure

1 1

Solution:

Compute for the diagonal of the square

d = √2 a

d = √ 2 (1m)

d = √2 m

using the volume formula of the cylinder, we can solve for the value of the altitude

π
v= d 2 h
4

π 2
6.283 m 3= (√ 2 m) h
4

h = 3.99988203 or 4; therefore the answer is letter C

Discussion:

Knowing that the value of the diagonal of the square inscribed in a circle is equal to the diameter
of the circle, the altitude can be solved using the volume formula of the cylinder (given the volume and
the diameter).

Problem No. 18
 A pipe lining material of silicon carbide used in the conveyance of pulverized coal to fuel a
boiler, has a thickness of 2 cm and inside diameter of 10 cm. Find the volume of the material with a pipe
length of 6 meters.
A. 45 239 cm3 B. 42 539 cm3 C.49 532 cm3 D. 43 932 cm3

Given:
Thickness = 2 cm
Inside diameter = 10 cm
Length = 6 m
Required:
Volume of the pipe
Solution:
Considering the given conditions; It can be said that:
Outside diameter = 7 cm
Inside diameter = 5 cm
To calculate the volume of the material, the volume of the hollow part must be subtracted to the
total volume of the cylinder.
V =π r o2 l−π r i2 l
V =π (7 c m)2(600 cm)−π (5 cm)2 9600 cm ¿
V =45 238.93421cm3=45 239 cm3
Therefore, the answer is A. 45 239 cm3
Discussion:
The volume of the material, or the pipe, the volume of the hollow part was subtracted from the
total volume of the cylinder. The volume of the material being said is the volume that composes the pipe.

Problem No. 19
A group of children playing with marbles places 50 pieces of the marbles inside a cylindrical
container with water filled to a height of 20 cm. If the diameter of each marble is 1,5 cm and that of the
cylindrical container 6 cm. What would be the new height of water inside the cylindrical container after
the marbles were placed inside?
A. 23.125 cm B. 22.125 cm C. 24.125 cm D. 25.125 cm
Given:
50 pieces of the marbles
h = 20 cm
 d = 1.5 cm, 6 cm
Required:
new height of water inside the cylindrical container
Solution:
V total =V water +V marbles

V total=( π r 2 h ) + ( 43 π r )
3

V total=¿

V total=653.843971 cm3
V total=π r 2 h
3 2
653.843971 cm =π ( 3 cm ) h
Therefore, the answer is h = 23.125 cm
Discussion:
By acquiring the needed formulas, we can easily solve for the height of the water inside the
cylinder by adding the volume of water and marbles.

Problem No. 20

The corners of a cubical block touch the closed spherical shell that encloses it. The volume of the
box is 2744cm3. What volume in cm3 inside shell is not occupied by the block?

A. 4 713.56 B. 3 360.12 C. 4 133.25 D. 5 346.42

Given:

Volume of the box = 2744cm3

Required:

Volume inside the sphere that is not occupied by the block.

Solution:
 4
V sphere = πr 3
3
V box =2744 cm3 =x 3
x=14cm
d= √ x 2+x 2 +x 2=√ 3 x 2
2
d= √3 ( 14 ) =24. 24cm
r=12. 12cm
V =V sphere−V box
4 4
V = πr 3 −2744= π (12.12cm)3 −2744 cm3
3 3
V =4 , 713.555065 cm3

Volume inside the sphere that is not occupied by the block is 4713.56 cm3
Discussion:

Upon inspection of the schematic diagram, we must first obtain the length side of the cube in order to
find the diagonal which is equal to the diameter of the sphere. After solving for the radius of the sphere
find the volume of the sphere and then subtract the volume of the box to get the final answer.

Problem No. 21

Determine B such that 3x + 2y – 7 = 0 is perpendicular to 2x – By + 2 = 0.

A. 5 B. 3 C. 4 D. 2

Given:

3x + 2y – 7 = 0

2x – By + 2 = 0

Required:

Coefficient B

Solution:

Use the formula m = -a/b to get the slope of the first equation.

−a
m 1=
b
 −3
m 1=
2

Since the lines are perpendicular therefore, their slope is the opposite of the reciprocal of each
other.

2 −a −2
m 2= = =
3 b −B

2 −2
m 2= =
3 −(3)

B=3

Therefore, the answer is B. 3

Discussion:

Two linear equations were given and we need to solve for B. First, we use the formula m=-a/b to
solve for the slope of the first equation and since the slope of perpendicular lines are the opposite
reciprocal of each other, we can find (B), by using the same formula.

Problem No. 22
Find the slope of the equation x2 = y when x = 1.

A. 2 B. 6 C. 4 D. 1

Given:

x2 = y

x=1

Required:

Slope

Solution:

y = mx + b

x=1
 x2 = y

y=1

1 = m(1) + 0

m=1

The final answer is letter D. 1

Discussion:

To find the slope use the formula y = mx + b which m is slope. Then substitute x = 1 to the
equation x2 = y and the value of y will substitute it for the formula y = mx + b to find the slope.

Problem No. 23
Find the equation of the directrix of the parabola y2=16x 
A. x = -4 B. x = 4 C. x = -8 D. x = 8
Given:
y2=16x 
Required:
Directrix

Schematic Diagram:

Solution:
Standard equation of a parabola is y2=4ax
 By inspection:
Since y2=16x, substitute it to y2=4ax
y 2=4 ax
16 x=4 ax
16 x =4 a x
4x
a=4
Equation of the directrix is;
x=−a
x=−4
Thus, the answer is A. x=-4

Discussion:
The standard equation of a parabola is y2=4ax, by substituting the given in the standard equation a
will get the value. Since the directrix equation is x=-a, the directrix is the negative value of a.

Problem No. 24

What is the equation of the normal to the curve y = 3x2 – 2x + 7 at the point (1,8)?

A. x + 4y – 33 = 0 B. x + 2y + 30 = 0 C. x - 4y – 33 = 0 D. x - 2y + 30 = 0

Given:

y = 3x2 – 2x + 7

point (1,8)

Required:

Equation of the normal line

Solution:

Find the derivative of the curve:

y = 3x2 – 2x + 7

y’= 6x-2

Finding the slope:

 m= 6(1)-2

m=4

Finding the equation of the tangent line:

y-8=2(x-1)

y-8=2x-2

y=2x+6 equation of the tangent line

Finding the equation of the normal line:

−1
y−8= ( x−1 )
4

−1 1
y−8= x+
4 4

−1 33
[ y=
4
x+
4 ]
4

4 y=−x +33

x +4 y−33=0

Therefore, the answer is letter A. x + 4y – 33 = 0

Discussion:

In order to find the equation of the normal line we first need to find the equation of the tangent
line.

Problem No. 25

A triangle is defined by the points (0, 0), (3, 1), and (-3, 1). Determine the type of triangle.

A. Vertical
B. Equilateral
C. Angular
D. Isosceles

Given:
 A (0, 0)

B (3, 1)

C (-3, 1)

Required:

Type of triangle

Solution:

find the distance between points A and B, B and C, & A and C

d= √( x 2−x 1)2 +( y 2− y 1)2

d AB= √(3−0)2 +(1−0)2

d AB= √10

d BC =√(−3−3)2+(1−1)2

d BC =6

d AC = √(−3−0)2 +(1−0)2

d AC = √ 10

dAB and dAC are equal which means it has two equal sides

Therefore, the triangle is isosceles

Discussion:

To be able to identify the kind of triangle, compute for the distance of each points. If all distances
are of the same value, it is an equilateral triangle. If two distances are equal, then it has two lateral sides,
thus it is an isosceles triangle. If the distances are at different values, it is a scalene triangle.

Problem 26
 The point (5,2) is the midpoint of the segment of a line connecting A(-3,-5) and B(x,y). Find
point B.
A. (13,9) B. (-2,7) C. (5,-9) D.(-1,-3)
Given:
M(5,2)
Line connecting A(-3-5) and B(x,y)
Required:
Point B(x,y)
Solution:
Use Midpoint formula
x1 −x2 y 1− y 2
( , )
2 2
(5,2)
Substituting the given values
−3−x 2
5=
2
x 2=13
−5− y 2
y=
2
y 2=13
For Point B(x,y)
( x 2 , y 2 ) =(13,9)

Therefore, the answer is A. (13,9)

Discussion:
Since the given is the midpoint and two points, Midpoint formula was used. The formula for the x
in the Midpoint formula was equated to the given x to obtain the unknown value of x in point b, same
way as y.
Problem No. 27
Determine the coordinates of the point which is three fifths of the way from the point (2, -5) to the (-3, 5)
A. (-1, 1) B. (-2, -1) C. (-1, -2) D. (1, 1)
Given:
(2, -5) (-3, 5)
Required:
 Point (x,y)
Solution:
3 2
r 1= ; r 2=
5 5

x=
x1 r2 + x2 r1
;=
2 ( 25 )+(−3 ) ( 35 ) =−1
r 1 +r 2 3 2
+
5 5

y r +y r
y= 1 2 2 1 ;=
(−5 ) ( 25 )+5( 35 ) =1
r 1+ r 2 3 2
+
5 5
Therefore, the answer is A. (-1,1)
Discussion:
By plotting the points, we can easily determine the radius since it is said that it is three fifths of
the way from (2, -5) to the (-3, 5). After getting the radius, we can simply substitute it to the given
formula.

Problem No. 28

What conic section is represented by x2 + 4xy + 4y2 + 2x = 10.

A. Circle B. Parabola C. Ellipse D. Hyperbola

Given:

The equation x2 + 4xy + 4y2 + 2x = 10

Required:

Type of conic section

Solution:

A2 + Bxy + Cy2 + Dx + Ey + F =0

x2 + 4xy + 4y2 + 2x - 0 = 0

Therefore:

A=1
 B=4

C=4

B2 - 4AC = ?

42 - 4(1)(4) = 0

If B2−4AC < 0, it will be either a circle or an ellipse.

If B2−4AC = 0, it will be a parabola.

If B2−4AC > 0, it will be a hyperbola.

Since the answer is equal to zero then the conic section is parabola

The conic section that represents the equation x2 + 4xy + 4y2 + 2x = 10 is B. Parabola
Discussion:

We must first arrange the Equation into a standard form of the conic equation. We do this to easily
identify the numerical coefficient of each term and use the formula B 2 - 4AC to identify the type of conic
section of the equation. Since we got B2−4AC = 0, it is a parabola.

Problem No. 29

What conic section is represented by 4x2 – y2 + 4y = 15

A. Parabola B. Ellipse C. Hyperbola D. Circle

Given:

4x2 – y2 + 4y = 15

Required:

Type of conic section

Solution:

Testing of equations using Discriminant

General Equation of inclined axis: Ax2 + Bxy + Cy2+ Dx + Ey + F = 0

4x2 – y2 + 4y = 15

A=4
 B=0

C = -1

Substitute to:

B2−4 AC

02 −4 ( 4 ) (−1 )=16

Since B2 – 4AC = positive, then the equation is Hyperbola.

The answer is C. Hyperbola

Discussion:

A conic section is given, and to determine which type of conic section it is, we use the method
testing of equations using determinants. We determine (A), (B), and (C) by inspection and substitute the
values to B2 -4AC. Since it is positive, therefore it is a Hyperbola.

Problem No. 30

What conic section is represented by x2 + y2 – 4x +2y – 20 = 0

A. Circle B. Ellipse C. Parabola D. Hyperbola

Given:

x2 + y2 – 4x +2y – 20 = 0

Required:

What conic section

Solution:

x2 + y2 – 4x +2y – 20 = 0

B2−4AC 

B=0

A=1

C=1
 02−4(1)(1) = - 16 

x2 + y2 – 4x + 2y – 20 = 0

By completing square:

x2 – 4x + 4 + y2 + 2y + 1 = 20+ 4 + 1

(x - 2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 25

x=2 y = -1 r = 5

By inspection the center is at C(2, -1) and the radius, r = 5

Therefore the answer is letter A. Circle

Discussion:

If B2−4AC is less than zero, if a conic exists, it will be either a circle or an ellipse;
If B2−4AC equals zero, if a conic exists, it will be a parabola; If B2−4AC is greater than zero, if a conic
exists, it will be a hyperbola.

Based on the answer -16 is less than zero which it is either a circle or an ellipse. Then try
completing square to decide if it is circle and by inspection the center is at C(2, -1) and the radius, r = 5.

Problem No. 31
If the distance x from the point of departure at time t is defined by the equation x = -16t 2 + 5000t
+ 5000, what is the initial velocity? 
A. 2000 B. 5000 C. 0 D. 3000 
Given:
x = -16t2 + 5000t + 5000
Required:
Initial velocity
Solution:
Since, the first derivative of distance is velocity
x , =−32t +5000
Where: t=0
Substitute t to the equation;
x , =−32t +5000
x , =−32(0)+5000
x , =v=5000
Thus, the answer is B. 5000

Discussion:
The first derivative of distance is velocity x , =v where t=0, the initial velocity can be determine.

Problem No. 32

A man on wharf 3.6m above sea level is pulling a rope tied to a raft at 0.60 m/s. How fast is the
raft approaching the wharf when there are 6m of rope out?

A. -0.95 m/s B. -0.75 m/s C. -0.85 m/s D. -0.65 m/s

Given:

h=3.6 m

dr/dt= -0.6 m/s

r= 6 m

Required:

velocity of the raft approaching the wharf d(x)/dt

Schematic Diagram:

r= 6m

h=3.6 m
x=?

Solution:

Let;

r= length of the rope out

h= distance of the man on the wharf above sea level

x= distance of the raft from the wharf

 By Pythagorean theorem:

r2=h2+x2

62=3.62+x2

x= 4.8 m

r2=12.96+x2

Differentiating with respect to t:

dr dx
2r =2 x
dt dt

dx
2(6 m)(0.6 m/s)=2(4.8 m)
dt

dx
=−0.75 m/s
dt

Therefore, the answer is letter B. -0.75 m/s

Discussion:

In this problem we utilize the use of the Pythagorean theorem in order to find the value of the
distance of the raft from the wharf (x).

Problem No. 33

Water is pouring into a pool. After n hours, there are 2 n+ √ n gallons in the pool. At what rate is
the water pouring in the pool when n = 4 hours?

A. ¾ gph
B. 1 gph
C. 9/4 gph
D. 7/4 gph

Given:

Volume = 2 n+ √ n gallons
 Time (n) = 4 hours

Required:

Volume Rate (Q)

Solution:

V = 2 n+ √ n gallons

Differentiate the equation

dV 1 1
=2+ ( )
dn 2 √n

Substitute the value of n

dV 1 1
=2+ ( )
dn 2 √4

dV 1 1
=2+ ( )
dn 2 2

dV 1
=2+
dn 4

dV
=9 /4 gallon / hour = Q
dn

Therefore, the answer is 9/4 gph

Discussion:

To find the volume rate given the volume that is in terms of a literal coefficient, you need to
differentiate the volume with respect to its time because volume rate is a property of volume per unit of
time. Once the equation is differentiated, just substitute the value of the coefficient and the volume rate
will be solved.

Problem 34
The derivative of ln cos x is
A. sec x B. –sec x C. –tan x D. tan x
Given:
ln cos x
Required:
d/dx (ln cos x)

Solution:
For this form, use the formula:
d 1
( lnu )= du
dx u
d 1
( lncosx ) = d (cosx )
dx cosx
d 1
( lncosx ) = (−sinx)
dx cosx
d
( lncosx ) =−tanx
dx

Therefore, the answer is C. –tan x

Discussion:
Since the given is in the form of ln(u), the formula for its derivative, d/dx (lnu)=1/u du was used.
Simplifying the answer and applying some trigonometric identities will result to a simplified answer.

Problem No. 35
Integrate x cos(2x2 + 7)dx
A. 1/4sin(2x2 + 7) + c B. sin(2x2 + 7) + c C. 1/4cos(2x2 + 7) + c D. sin (x2 + 7) + c
Given:
x cos(2x2 + 7)dx
Required:
Integrate
Solution:
1
∫ x cos ( 2 x 2+7 ) dx= 4 ∫ cos ( 2 x 2+7 ) 4 xdx
1
¿ sin ⁡(2 x ¿¿ 2+7)+ c ¿
4
Therefore, the answer is A. 1/4sin(2x2 + 7) + c

Discussion:
 By simply integrating the equation using the trigonometric functions, we can solve for its
equation.
Problem No. 36

A box is to be constructed from a piece of zinc 20 sq. in by cutting equal squares from each corner
and turning up the zinc to form the side. What is the volume of the largest box that can be so constructed?

A. 599.95 cu. in

B. 579.50 cu. in

C. 592.59 cu. in

D. 622.49 cu. in

Given:

A 20 sq. in piece of zinc

Required:

The volume of the largest box that can be constructed from the piece of zinc.

Solution:

V = (20 – 2x)2 x

V = 400x - 80x2 + 4x3

dV/dx = 400 − 160x +12x2 = 0

12x2 − 160x + 400 = 0

By Factoring:

(4x – 40)(3x-10)= 0

4x = 40

x = 10 in.

3x =10

x=3.33 in

Substitute x = 3.33 in
 V = [20in − 2(3.33in)]2(3.33in)
V = 592.59 cu. in

Final Answer:

The volume of the largest box that can be constructed is 592.59 cu. in

Discussion:

First we must obtain the equation of the volume of the entire piece. After that we differentiate the
equation in order to find the value of x. Using the factoring method we get two values of x but since we
cannot use 10 since it is too large, we use the other value. And simply substituting x to the equation of the
volume we get the final answer.

Problem No. 37

What is the derivative of the function with respect to x of (x + 1) 3 – x3

A. 3x + 3 B. 6x – 3 C. 3x – 3 D. 6x + 3

Given:

(x + 1)3 – x3

Required:

Derivative of the function

Solution:

d
[ ( x +1 )3−x 3 ]
dx

d d
¿ [ ( x+ 1 )3]− [ x 3 ]
dx dx

d
¿ 3 ( x+1 )2 ∙ [ x +1 ] −3 x 2
dx

¿ 3( x +1)2 ( dxd [ x ] + dxd [1 ])−3 x 2

¿ 3( x +1)2 ( 1+0 ) −3 x 2
 ¿ 3( x +1)2−3 x2

¿ 3( x 2 +2 x +1)−3 x 2

¿ 3 x 2+6 x +3−3 x 2

¿ 6 x+ 3

Therefore, the answer is D. 6x + 3

Discussion:

Since, differentiation is linear, we can differentiate the terms separately and pull out the constant
factors. Apply the power rule and simplify the answer.

Problem No. 38

Find the area bounded by the parabola x2 = 16(y – 1) and its latus rectum.

A. 56.27 B. 42.67 C. 46.27 D. 52.67

Given:

x2 = 16(y – 1)

Required:

Area

Solution:

8 2
A= ¿a )
3

Solve for a:

x2 = 16(y – 1)

4a = 16

a=4

8 2
A= ¿4 )
3
 128
A= sq. units or 42.66666667 sq. units
3

The final answer is letter B. 42.67

Discussion:

To find the area bounded by the parabola x 2 = 16(y – 1) and its latus rectum use the formula A =

8 2
¿ a ). First solve for the value of a variable which is 4 then substitute it to the formula to get the area.
3

Problem No. 39

Evaluate the integral of (3t − 1)3dt 

A. 1/12(3t − 1)4 + C
B. 1/3(3t − 1)4 + C
C. 1/4(3t − 1)4 + C
D. 1/12(3t − 1)3 + C
Given:
(3t − 1)3dt 
Required:
Integral
Solution:
Integrate:

∫ ( 3 t−1 )3 dt
Let u = 3t-1
du = 3 dt
dt = du/3
Using substitution to transform the expression;
du
∫ ( u )3 3
Use the properties of integrals;

∫ af ( x ) dx=ax ∫ f ( x ) dx
1
∫ u3 du
3
x n+1
Using ∫ x n dx= , n ≠−1, evaluate the integral
n+1
1 4
∗u
3
+C
4
Substitute back u = 3t-1
1
∗(3 t−1) 4
3
+C
4
1
(3 t−1)4 +C
12
1
Thus, the answer is A. (3 t−1)4 +C
12
Discussion:
Substitute to transform the integrals, then use the integral properties of ∫ af ( x ) dx=ax ∫ f ( x ) dx
to correctly evaluate the integral.

Problem No. 40

Find the area bounded by the parabola, x2 = 4y and y=4.

A. 21.33 B. 31.32 C. 33.21 D. 13.23

Given:

x2 = 4y

y=4

Required:

Area bounded by the parabola

Schematic Diagram:
Solution:

4
A=2∫ xdy
0

4
A=2∫ ( √ 4 y ) dy
0

4 1
2
A=4 ∫ y dy
0

3
y2
A=4 ( )
3
2

3
8
A= ( y ) 2 4
3 0 |
3
8
A= ( 4) 2 =¿ 21.33333333 square units
3

Therefore, the answer is letter A. 21.33

Discussion:

In this problem, as we can see in the schematic diagram we utilize the use of horizontal strip for
the integration to find the area bounded by the parabola.

Problem No. 41
 How many years will P100,000 earned a compound interest of P50,000 if the interest rate is 9%
compounded quarterly?

A. 4.55
B. 5.68
C. 3.55
D. 2.35

Given:

Principal (P) = P100,000

Interest (I) = P50,000

Future Value (F) = P + I = P100,000 + P50,000 = P150,000

n = 4 (compounded quarterly)

Rate of Interest (r) = 9% or 0.09

Required:
Time or period

Solution:

Solve for t

r nt
F=P(1+ )
n

0.09 4 t
P 150,000=P 100,000(1+ )
4

t = 4.555663053 years or 4.55 years

Therefore, the answer is A.4.55

Discussion:

Using the future value of annuity formula and given that there is a principal amount, rate of
interest, future value and number of payments per year, we could solve for the value of the time.

Problem 42
 By the addition of a will, the sum of P20, 000 his left to a girl to be held in trust fund by her
guardian until it amounts to P50, 000 when the girl received the money, if the fund s to be inested at 8%
compounded quarterly?
A.7.98 yrs B.11.57 yrs C. 10.34 yrs D. 10.45 yrs
Given:
P = Php 20, 000
F = Php 50, 000
I = 8% or 0.08
Compounded quarterly
Required:
Number of years, n
Solution:
Use the formula for compound interest:
F=P ¿
Php50 000=Php 20 000¿
n=11.56779247 years∨simply 11. 57 years

Therefore, the answer is B.11.57 yrs

Discussion:
The given problem is a compounded interest only so direct substitution was done. Since it is said
that the money was compounded quarterly the interest rate was divided by 4 and the number of years was
multiplied by 4.

Problem No. 43
A P10,000 loan is to be paid-off in 10 equal payments. The annual interest rate is 15%. How
much interest will be paid in the first two (2) years?
A. P3,005.10 B. P2,940.20 C. P2,970.20 D. P2,926.10
Given:
P = 10 000
i = 15%
n = 2 years
Required:
Amount of Interest in 2 years
Solution:
 F=R ¿
10 000=R ¿

R=492.5206252× 8 years=3940.165001− ( 10000

10 )
R = P 2940.165001
Therefore, the answer is B. P2940.2
Discussion:
Using the formula for ordinary annuity wherein the first payment is 10,000 and annual interest
rate of 15%, we can compute for the interest at the first two years.

Problem No. 44

Find the nominal rate which if converted quarterly could be used instead of 12% compounded semi-
annually.

A. 10.58% B. 11.28% C. 9.38% D. 11.82%

Given:

12% compounded semi-annually

Required:

The nominal rate of 12% converted quarterly.

Solution:

[1 + (r/m)] m - 1 = [1 + (r/m)] m - 1

[1 + (r/4)] 4 - 1 = [1 + (r/2)] 2 - 1

[1 + (r/4)] 4 - 1 = [1 + (0.12/2)]2 - 1

r = 0.1182

r = 11.82%

The answer is D. 11.82%

Discussion:
 What we need to do is equate the formulas for the effective rate of interest for both quarterly and
semi-annually. Doing this will yield the value of 12% semi-annually into its interest rate at quarterly.

Problem No. 45

A bookstore purchased a bestselling book at P200 per copy. At what price should this book be
sold so that, giving 20% discount, the profit is 30%

A. P450 B. P357 C. P500 D. P400

Given:

P200 per copy 20% discount profit is 30%

Required:

Price of the book

Solution:

Let x be the selling price without discount, Let 0.8x be the new selling price with discount

Profit = Income – Expenses

0.3 ( 0.8 x )=0.8 x−200

0.24 x=0.8 x−200

0.24 x=0.8 x−200

200=0.8 x−0.24 x

200=0.56 x

200
=x
0.56

Therefore the answer is B. P357

Discussion:

The problem requires the Price of the book, to solve, we can use Algebraic equations. And then
perform the indicated operations and simplify to find the answer.

Problem No. 46
 What annuity is required over 12 years to equate with a future amount of P20,000? Assume i =
6% annually.

A. P4,185.54 B. P2,185.54 C. P3,185.54 D. P1,185.54

Given:

n = 12 years

F = P20,000

i = 6%

Required:

Annuity

Solution:

(1+i)n −1
F=A( )
i

(1+0.06)12−1
20,000 = A( )
0.06

A = P1185.540588

The final answer is letter D. P1,185.54

Discussion:

The annuity is a financial product that provides certain cash flows at equal time intervals. Derive

(1+i)n −1
the formula F = A ( ) to get the annuity and over 12 years to equate with a future amount the
i
annuity is P1185.540588.

Problem No. 47
The corporation purchased a machine for 1million. Freight installation charges amount to 3% of
the purchased price. If the machine shall be depreciated over a period of 8 years with a salvage value of
12%, determine the depreciation charge during the fifth year using the sum of the years’ digit method. 
A. P101, 107.11 B. P107, 110.11 C. P170, 110.11 D. P100, 711.11
Given:
 n = 8 yrs
id = 3 %
SV = 12%
Required:
Depreciation for the first 5 years
Solution:
For 8 years (n=8)

SOYD=( ( 1+2 n) ) n
( 1+ 8 )
SOYD=(
2 )
(8)

SOYD=36
Then, solve the original cost;
Original cost =1,000,000+ 0.03(1,000,000)
Original cost =P 1,030,000
Solve the salvage value;
SalvageValue=0.12 ( P 1,030,000 )
SalvageValue=P 123,600
Depreciation for the first 5 years;
Year Depreciation Factor
1 8/36
2 7/36
3 6/36
4 5/36
5 4/36
4
Depreciation( D 5)= ( P1,030,000−P 123,600 )
36
D5=P 100,711.1111

Thus, the answer is D. P100, 711.11

Discussion:
 Compute the original cost and the salvage value of the purchased machine. Next, the depreciation
factor for first five years to determine the depreciation charge by using the formula
Depreciation( D5)=DF ( original cost−salvage value ).

Problem No. 48

What is the annual rate of simple interest if $265 is earned on four months on an investment of
$15,000?

A. 5.3% B. 4.5% C. 3.5% D. 7.5%

Given:

interest(i)= $265

time(t) = 4 months or 1/3 year

principal(P) = $15000
Required:

r= annual interest rate

Solution:

i= Prt

$265= ($15000)(r)(1/3)

r= 0.053 or 5.3%

Therefore, the answer is letter A.5.3%

Discussion:

This problem is a case of simple interest, therefore the formula used is “i= Prt.” Since the
problem asks for the “annual” interest rate, the period is converted from months to year.

Problem No. 49

Mr. suave borrowed P50,000 from SSS, in the form of calamity loan, with interest at 8%,
compounded quarterly payable in equal quarterly installments for 10 year. Find the quarterly payments.

A. P4,827.80
 B. P2,827.80
C. P3,827.80
D. P1,827.80

Given:
Principal Value (P) = P50,000
Rate of Interest (i) = 8% or 0.08
n = 4 (compounded quarterly)
t = 10 years
Required:
Annuity
Solution:
r nt
(1+ ) −1
n
P= A
r nt r
( )
1+
n
( )
n
0.08 4 (10)
(1+
) −1
4
P 50,000= A
0.08 4(10) 0.08
1+ ( 4 )
(
4
)

(1+0.02)4 (10)−1
P 50,000= A
( 1+ 0.02 )4 (10 )( 0.02)
A = P1827.78739 or P1827.80
Discussion:
Using the formula stated above in terms of annuity and given that there is a principal amount, rate
of interest, time or period and number of payments per year, we could solve for the value of the time by
substituting all given in the formula.

Problem 50
Alexander Michael owes P25, 000 due in one year and P75, 000 due in four years. He agrees to
pay P50, 000 today and the balance in 2 years. How much must he pay at the end of two years if money is
worth 5% compounded semi-annually?
A. another P50, 000 B. only P39,026.30 C. only P25, 000 D. only P30,000
Given:
P = Php 50 000
F = Php 25 000 @ n =1 year
 F = Php 75 000 @ n = 4 year
Semiannually = 2

Required:
The amount Michael must pay at the end of two years
Solution:

Php 50 000 P

1 2 3 4
Php 25 000 Php 75 000
Using effective rate formula:
ERI =¿
0.05 2
ERI =1+ ¿ −1
2
ERI =0.050625
Using Compound Interest Formula:
F
P=
¿¿
F
Php50 000+
¿¿
F=Php39 021.27883
Therefore, the answer is B. only P39,026.30
Discussion:
Effective rate or ERI was first obtained then used as the rate to compute for the future payment
after 2 years.

Problem No. 51
Section 22 of the Republic Act No. 8495 "The Philippine Mechanical Engineering Act of 1988 "
is about
A. oath
B. Issuance of Certificates of Registration and Professional License
C. Re-examination
D. Seal of a Professional Mechanical Engineer
The answer is B. Issuance of Certificates of Registration and Professional License
Discussion:
After the engineer has paid the registration fee, it is the duty of the board to issue a certificate of
registration to the engineer who has completed his requirements.

Problem No. 52

The new Mechanical Engineering Law was signed last __________.

A. February 12, 1998 C. January 18, 1998

B. February 6, 1998 D. February 12, 1998

The answer is A. February 12, 1998

Discussion:

Officially, on record, the new Mechanical Engineering Law was signed last February 12, 1998. an official
signing ceremony was withheld which involved the Board among other people.

Problem No. 53

100 kW or over but not more than 300 kW, the personnel required in one CPM or one RME or one PME.
Provided that every mechanical work in this category operating on more than __________ shift every 24-
hours

A. Three B. two C. four D. one

Discussion:

According to Republic Act No. 8495 an act regulating the Practice of Mechanical Engineering in
the Philippines, Article IV (Practice of Profession), Section 34 (Personnel Required in Mechanical Plant)
Paragraph a:

100 kw or over but not more than 300 kw: one (1) certified plant mechanic, or one (1) mechanical
engineer, or one (1) professional mechanical engineer: Provided, That every mechanical work, project, or
plant in this category operating in more than one shift every twenty four hours, shall have in addition to
the minimum personnel herein required, one (1) certified plant mechanic, or one (1) mechanical engineer,
or one (1) professional mechanical engineer in-charge of each and every additional shift.

Therefore, for a Mechanical Plant of 100 kW or over but not more than 300 kW, that requires one (1)
certified plant mechanic, or one (1) mechanical engineer, or one (1) professional mechanical engineer,
shall have one shift every 24-hours.

The answer is D. one

Problem No. 54

The new Mechanical Engineering Law has how many articles?

A. Two B. three C. five D. six

The final answer is letter C. five

Discussion:
The new Mechanical Engineering Law has five articles which as follows:
Article I - Title, Statement of Policy, and Definition of Terms
Article II - Board of Mechanical Engineering
Article III - Examination, Registration and License
Article IV - Practice of The Profession
Article V - Penal and Concluding Provisions

Problem No. 55

What are the contents in Article II? 

A. Board of Mechanical Engineering C. Term of Office 
B. Statement Policy D. Examination, Registration and License 
Discussion:
Article II consists of eight (8) sections. The Creation and Composition of the Board of
Mechanical Engineering are composed of a chairman and two members. Also, Qualifications of Members
of the Board, Term of Office, Compensation and Allowances of the Board Members, Supervision of the
Board, Custodian of its Records, Secretariat and Support Services, Annual Report, and lastly, Removal of
Board Member was discussed in these articles. Therefore, the content of Article II is obviously about the
Board of Mechanical Engineering.
Thus, the answer is A. Board of Mechanical Engineering

Problem No. 56

What are the contents in Article III?

A. Board of Mechanical Engineering C. Examination, Registration and License

B. Practice of the Profession D. Term of Office

Discussion:

The Article III of Republic Act No. 8495 or also known as the Philippine Mechanical
Engineering Act of 1998 is entitled “Examination, Registration and License.” Article III contains sections
12-34 which mainly states the rules and regulations for examination, registration and license.

Therefore, the answer is letter C. Examination, Registration and License

Problem No. 57

One of the qualifications of applicants for Professional Mechanical Engineer must be: He has
specific record of a total of _______ or more than 1 year of active mechanical engineering practice.

A. Two
B. Three
C. Four
D. Five
Discussion:
According to Section 14 of Article III under the Republic Act No. 8495 which is an act regulating
the practice of mechanical engineering in the Philippines, any applicant to the professional mechanical
engineering examination must, at the time of filing of his application, establish to the satisfaction of the
Board that: He is a citizen of the Philippines; He must not have been convicted by a court of law of a
crime involving moral turpitude; He has a valid certificate of registration and he is a registered
mechanical engineer and a holder of a valid professional license; He has graduated from an engineering
school or college of recognized standing, after completing an approved course in mechanical engineering;
He has specific record of a total of four (4) years or more of active mechanical engineering practice,
reckoned
Therefore, the answer is C, four years.
Problem No. 58
 One of the qualifications of applicants for Professional Mechanical Engineer must be: He is
competent to practice, attested to by at least _______________Professional Mechanical Engineers.
A. one B. two C. three D. many

Discussion:
According to the Article III, Section 14 of the Republic Act No. 8495 also known as Philippine
Mechanical engineering Act of 1998, it was mentioned that an applicant for Professional Mechanical
Engineer must be competent to practice, as attested to by at least two (2) professional mechanical
engineers.
Therefore, the answer is B. two

Problem No. 59

Section 34 in the Mechanical Engineering Law is about:

A. Preparation of Plans
B. Personnel required in Mechanical Plant
C. Field of Action
D. Renewal of License
Discussion:
Every mechanical work project should have a present professional mechanical engineer and
registered mechanical engineer or certified plant mechanic in the following: for 100 kw or over but not
more than 300 kw, certified plant mechanic, or one mechanical engineer, or one professional mechanical
engineer; for 300 kw or over, but not more than 2000 kw, one mechanical engineer or one professional
mechanical engineer; for Over 2000 kw, one professional mechanical engineer.
The answer is B. Personnel required in Mechanical Plant

Problem No. 60

Section 24 in the Mechanical Engineering Law is about:

A. Seal of Professional Mechanical Engineer C. Integration and Accreditation of ME

B. Revocation and Suspension of Certificate D. Grounds for Suspension

Discussion:
 According to Section 24 of Republic Act 8495 a professional mechanical engineer shall obtain a
seal that is prescribed by the Board, bearing the registrants name, the certificate number, and the legend
Professional Mechanical Engineer. There are other things related to the Seal of a Professional mechanical
engineer that is discussed in this Section.
Therefore, the answer is A. Seal of Professional Mechanical Engineer

Problem No. 61

A rubber ball is thrown from a building at an angle of 60 deg with the horizontal at an initial
velocity of 38 m/s. After hitting level ground at the base of the building, it has a covered a total distance
of 200 m. How tall is the building in meters?

A. 183 m

B. 197 m

C. 383.68 m

D. 483.68 m

Given:

Θ = 60 degrees

V0 = 38 m/s

Sx = 200m

Required:

Height of the building

Schematic Diagram:

Θ = 60 degrees

h =?

S = 200m
Solution:

S=v o cos θ(t )

38 m
200 m= cos ( 60 ) (t)
s

19 m
200 m= (t)
s

EQ 200 ¿ ¿ ¿

10.52631578 s=t

1
h=v 0 y t− ( g)(t 2)
2

38 m 1 9.81 m
h= sin (60)(10.52631578 s)− ( 2 )(10.52631578 s 2)
s 2 s

38 m
h=
EQ ¿ ¿ ¿

h=346.4101612m−543.4903037 m

h=−197.0801425 m

Therefore the answer is B. 197 m

Discussion:

The problem is an example of projectile motion. First, we need to find the time it takes for the
rubber ball to hit the ground using Sx = vox cos Θ(t). Use the value of (t) to solve for the height of the
building by using the formula Sy = voy sin Θ(t) – ½ (g)(t)2.

Problem No. 62

A highway curve has a super elevation of 10 deg. What is the radius in feet of the curve such that
there will be no lateral pressure between the tires and the roadway at a speed of 60 mph?

A. 1363.92 ft B. 2363.92 ft C. 3363.92 ft D. 4363.93 ft

Given:

ϴ = 10o
 V = 60 mi/hr

g = 32.2 ft/s2

Required:

radius

Solution:

ft ft
V = 60 EQ ¿ ¿ ¿ x 5280 x EQ 1 ¿ ¿ ¿ = 88
EQ 1 ¿ ¿¿ s

ft
V = 88
s

v2
tan ϴ =
gr

ft 2
(88 )
s
tan 10 =
ft
(32.2 2 )( r)
s

r = 1363.925665 ft

The final answer is letter A. 1363.92 ft

Discussion:

The first was convert the velocity mph to fps and substitute the value to the formula of tan ϴ =
v2/gr to find the radius in feet of the curve such that there will be no lateral pressure between the tires and
the roadway.

Problem No. 63
A ball is thrown upward with an initial velocity of 20 m/s. How high does it go? 
A. 10.38 m B. 20.38 m C. 30.38 m D. 40.38 m
Given:
Vo = 20 m/s
Required:
Height of the ball, h
Schematic:

Solution:
Solve the height by using the formula;
v2
h=
2g
where g = 9.81 m/s2
substitute;
h=¿ ¿
400
h= m
19.62
h=20.38735984 m
Thus, the answer is B. 20.38 m

Discussion:
2
v
To determine the height of the ball use the formula h= where g = 9.81 m/s2.
2g
Problem No. 64

A highway curve has a super elevation of 7 deg. What is the radius of the curve such that there
will be no lateral pressure between the tires and roadway at a speed of 40 mph?

A. 265.71 m B. 345.34 m C. 438.34 m D. 330.78 m

Given:

ϴ= 7°

v= 40 mi/hr
Required:

r=?

Solution:

40 miles 5280 ft 1m 1 hr
v= ( )( )( )
hours 1mile 3.281 ft 3600 s

m
v=17.88072742
s

v2
tanθ=
gr

m 2 m2
tan ⁡(7 ° )=
( 17.88072742
s )
( 2)
s
m
(9.81 )r
s2

r =265.4346385m

Therefore, the nearest answer is letter A.

Discussion:

The equation used in this problem is from the forces on a car in a banked curve. The equation is derived
as:

F n cos (θ )−mg=0

v2
F n sin ( θ ) −m( )=0
r
2
v
tan ( θ )=
gr

Problem No. 65

A marksman fires a rifle horizontally at a target. How much does the bullet dropped in flight if
the target is 150 m away and the bullet has a muzzle velocity of 500 m/s?

A. 0.34 m
B. 0.64 m
 C. 0.44 m
D. 0.54 m

Given:
Distance between the rifle and the target (x) = 150 m
Muzzle Velocity (Vo) = 500 m/s
Gravitational Force (g) = 9.81 m/s2
Required:
Vertical distance of the bullet from the target
Solution:
Since the rifle fires at a target horizontally, Vox = Vo and Voy = 0
Using the horizontal and vertical distance formula,
x = Vox (t) ; t = x/Vox
y = Voy (sinθ) (t) – ½ gt2
but Voy is 0, then y = – ½ gt2
substitute t
y = – ½ g(x/Vox)2
substitute the values given
−1
y= ¿
2
y = - 0.44145 m
Therefore, the vertical distance is 0.44145 m or 0.44 m downward
Discussion:
The velocity of an object plays a big role in the solution of a problem. By analyzing the
conditions given, the velocity has only horizontal properties which means that the vertical velocity is not
present or it is negligible. On the formula, recall the ones in terms of distance because it will be used to
form an identity to isolate the unknown variable. The negative sign in the answer does not necessarily
mean that it has a negative value of distance. It states that the vertical movement of the bullet from the
marksman is downwards.
Problem No. 66
A rubber ball was dropped from a height of 36 m, and each time it strikes the ground it rebounds
to a height of 2/3 of the distance from which it fell. Find the total distance travelled by the ball before it
comes to rest.
A. 72 m B. 150 m C. 120 m D. 180 m
Given:
 h=36 m
Required:
Total distance travelled by the ball
Solution:
Let Sn = total distance traveled by the ball in n successive falls
Let Sn-1 = total distance traveled by the ball in n successive rebounds
Using the formula for the sum of infinite series:
t
Sn=
( 1−r )
36
Sn= =108 m
2
( )
1−
3
2
36( )
3
Sn−1= =72 m
2
( )
1−
3

For the total distance travelled:

total distance=S n +S n−1
total distance=108 m+72 m
total distance=180 m
Therefore, the answer is D. 180m
Discussion:
Since the number or rebounds is not specified, the problem is considered as an infinite series. The
formula for sum of infinite series were used. Since two scenarios happened, which is the fall and the
rebound, the sum of the two distance travelled were combined in order to achieve the total distance
traveled by the ball.

Problem No. 67
If a train passed as many telegraph poles in one minute as it goes mile per hour, how far apart are
the poles?
A. 18 feet B. 88 feet C. 38 feet D. 96 feet
Given:
one minute in one mile per hour
Required:
distance of poles
Solution:
1 mile = 5280 ft
1 hour = 60 mins
1 EQ ¿ ¿ ¿
The answer is B. 88 ft
Discussion:
By simply converting the given values of miles to feet and hour to minutes, we can easily
determine the distance on how apart are the poles.
Problem No. 68

A truck travels at 110 kph for 2 hours at 70 kph for the next 2 hours, and finally at 90 kph for 1 hour.
What is the car’s average velocity for the entire journey?

A. 40 kph B. 60 kph C. 80 kph D. 90 kph

Given:

V1 = 110 kph @ t = 2 hours

V2 = 70 kph @ t = 2 hours

V3 = 90 kph @ t = 1 hour

Required:

The car’s average velocity.

Solution:

Average Velocity = Total distance / Total Time

Total Distance = V1(t1) + V2(t2) + V3(t3)

Total Distance = 110 kph (2 hours) + 70 kph (2 hours) + 90 kph (1 hour)

Total Distance = 450 km

Total Time = t1 + t2 + t3
 Total Time = 2 hours + 2 hours +1 hour

Total Time = 5 hours

Average Velocity = 450 km / 5 hrs

Average Velocity = 90 kph

Final Answer:

The car’s average velocity over the 3 trips is D. 90 kph.

Discussion:

In order to find the average velocity based on the given, we first need to compute for the total
distance travelled and then divide this by the total time.For the total distance travelled, we multipy the
velocity to its corresponding time.

Problem No. 69

A car travels from 20 to 50 kph in 2 sec? At the same acceleration, how long will it take the car to
go from 20 to 45 kph?

A. 1.66 sec B. 1.88 sec C. 2.22 sec D. 3.55 sec

Given:

V1 =20kph V3 =20kph

V2 =50kph V4 =45kph

T1= 20sec

Required:

T2

Solution:

v
a=
t

km km
50 −20
h h
a=
2s
 50 km
a= ¿
EQ ¿ ¿ ¿

1 km 1 km
a=
( 72 s )−(
180 s
)

2s

1 km
120 s
a=
2s

1 km
a=
240 s2

km km
45 −20
v h h
t= =
a 1 km
240 s 2

km
t=45 ¿
EQ ¿ ¿ ¿

1 km 1 km
t=
( 80 s ) 180 s
−( )

1 km
240 s 2

t=EQ 1 ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿

5
t= s=1.666666667 s
3

Therefore, the answer is A. 1.66 sec

Discussion:

Two different sets of velocities were given, and since acceleration is velocity over time, we can
find the acceleration. And we use the acceleration to find the time.

Problem No. 70
 The brakes of a certain truck can produce an acceleration of 5 m/s 2. How far does the truck travel
during the time the brakes applied from a velocity of 40 m/s?

A. 220 m B. 120 m C. 90 m D. 50 m

Given:

a = 5 m/s2

v = 40 m/s

Required:

S=?

Solution:

∫ads = ∫vdv

a∫ds = ∫vdv

v2
as =
2

m 2
(40 )
(5 m/s2)s = s
2

s = 160 m

Therefore, the answer is s = 160 m

Discussion:

Acceleration is the derivative of velocity with time, but velocity is itself the derivative of position
with time. The derivative is a mathematical operation that can be applied multiple times to a pair of
changing quantities. That makes acceleration the first derivative of velocity with time and the second
derivative of position with time.

Problem No. 71
A PLDT tower a monument stand on a level plane. The angles of depression of the top and
bottom of the monument viewed from the top of the PLDT tower are 13° and 35°, respectively. The
height of the tower is 50 meters. Find the height of the monument.  
A. 16.5 m B. 71.5 m C. 33.5 m D. 95.5 m 
Given:
ht = 50 m
Required:
height of the monument, h
Schematic:

Solution:
Use sine Law;
h s
=
sin 22° sin 103°
Rearranging the equation;
s sin 22 °
h= → equation1
sin 103°
where;
50
s=
sin 35 °
s=87.17233978
87.17233978sin 22 °
Substitute to equation 1: h=
sin 103 °
h=33.51430265 m
Thus, the answer is C. 33.5 m
Discussion:
By analyzing the problem, schematic diagram is necessary to determine the height of the
monument by using sine law.
Problem No. 72
A man standing on a 48.5 m building high, has an eyesight height of 1.5 m from the top of the building
and nearest wall, which are 50 deg and 80 deg respectively. Find the height of another building in meters.
The man is standing at the edge of the building and horizontal plane.

A. 59.5 m B. 49.5 m C. 69.5 m D. 39.5 m

Given:

height of building 1= 48.5 m+1.5 m

ϴ1=50°

ϴ2=80°

Required:

height of building 2=?

Schematic Diagram:

Solution:

Solving for distance between two buildings,x:

 50
tan80 ° =
x

x=8.816349035 m

Evaluate “h” using tan 50°

50−h
tan50 °=
8.816349035 m

h=39.49308436 m

Therefore, the answer is letter D. 39.5 m

Discussion:

In this problem, we first find the distance between two buildings (x), then we find h using the same
formula.

Problem No. 73

From an oblique triangle in which side a = 6 cm, side b = 9 cm and angle C = 32 degree. Solve
for angle A.

A. 19.1 deg
B. 39.1 deg
C. 29.1 deg
D. 109 deg

Given:

Side a = 6 cm

Side b = 9 cm

Angle C = 32 degree

Required:
Angle A
Solution:
Using Cosine Law
c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab (cos C)
c2 = (6 cm)2 + (9 cm)2 – 2(6 cm)(9 cm) (cos 32º)
 c = 5.040913173 cm
Using Sine Law
(a / sin A) = (c / sin C)
(6 cm / sin A) = (5.040913173 cm / sin 32º)
A = 39.10488615º or 39.1º
Therefore, the answer is B. 39.1deg

Discussion:
Cosine law is used when there are two given sides of a triangle and one angle opposite to the
unknown side. The first process used cosine law because there are two known sides and a present angle
opposite to the value of c. Sine law is used when 2 angles are present and 1 side opposite to any of the
angle is given. The second process used sine law because it satisfies the condition.

Problem No. 74
The Philippine Long Distance Company has 183 m straight vertical tower. There are two cables
in the same vertical plane anchored at two points on a level with the base of the tower. The angles made
by the cables with the horizontal are 44 degrees and 58 degrees respectively. Find the lengths of the
cables
A. 236 m and 251 m B. 263 m and 215 m C. 245 m and 263 m D.289 m and 315 m
Given:
height of tower = 183 m
θ1=44 °
θ2=58 °
Required:
Length of the two cables
Schematic diagram:

183 m

θ1=44 °
θ2=58 °

Solution:
For the triangle 1 with a θ1=44 ° .

opposite
tanθ 1=
adjacent
183 m
tan 44 °=
x
x=189.5020474 m
To obtain the length of the cable use Pythagorean Theorem:
cable 1= √¿ ¿
cable 1=263.4388468 m

For the triangle 1 with a θ1=58 ° .

opposite
tanθ 1=
adjacent
183 m
tan58 °=
x
x=114.3510914 m
To obtain the length of the cable use Pythagorean Theorem:
cable 2= √ ¿ ¿
cable 2=215.7896478 m

Therefore the answer is B. 263 m and 215 m

Discussion:
The two cables represent the hypotenuse of two different triangles with two different angles. The
hypotenuses were obtained using Pythagorean Theorem. In order to perform this. The distance from the
base of the tower was first obtained that will be served as the adjacent sides of the given angles.

Problem No. 75
The value of Tan (A + B), where tan A = 1/3 and tan B = 1⁄4 is:
A. 7/12 B. 7/11 C. 1/11 D. 7/13
Given: tan A = 1/3, tan B = ¼
Required: Tan (A + B)
Solution:
 1 1
+
tan A + tan B 3 4 7
tan ( A+ B ) = = =
1−tanA tanB 1 1 11
1−
3 4 ( )( )
Therefore, the answer is B. 7/11
Discussion:
With the use of the tangent property wherein you can simply substitute the given to get the sum
of two tangents.
Problem No. 76

If loga 10 = 0.250, log10 a equals:

A. 4 B. 2 C. 0.50 D. 10,000

Given:

loga 10 = 0.250

Required:

log10 a =?

Solution:

loga 10 = 0.250

Using Logarithmic properties:

log b
log a b=
log a
log 10 10
=0 . 25
log 10 a
log 10
log 10 a= 10
0. 25
log 10 10
=4
0 .25

The answer is A. 4

Final Answer:

Based on the conditions given the log of 10 to the base a is 4.

Discussion:
 Using logarithmic properties we can find the value of the log of a to the base ten. Simplifying the
equation we get the value.

Problem No. 77

If sin A=3/4 and A is in quadrant II while cos B=7/25 and B is in quadrant 1, find sin (A+B).

A. -3/5 B. 3/5 C. 4/5 D. 3⁄4

Given:

sin A=3/4

cos B=7/25

Required:

sin (A+B)

Solution:

3
sin A=
4

cos A=± √1−sin2 A

Since, A is in the 2nd quadrant, therefore, we choose the negative value for the cosine.

3 2
cos A=− 1−( )
4 √
−√ 7
cos A=
4

7
cos B=
25

sin B=± √ 1−cos 2 B

Since, B is in the first quadrant, we choose the positive value for the sine.

sin B=√ 1−cos 2 B=√ 1−¿ ¿

24
sin B=
25
sin ( A+ B )=sinAcosB +cosAsinB

3 7 − 7 24
sin ( A+ B )= ( )+( √ )( )
4 25 4 25

sin ( A+ B )=−0.4249803147

Therefore, the answer is -0.4249803147

Discussion:

We are given the values of sin A and cos B, to solve for sin(A + B), determine first the values of
cos A and sin B by using trigonometric properties. And then substitute the values to solve for the
required.

Problem No. 78

The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 34 cm. Find the length of two legs, if one leg is 14cm longer than the
other.

A. 15 and 29 B. 18 and 32 C. 16 and 30 D. 17 and 31

Given:

Hypotenuse = 34cm

One leg is 14cm + x

Required:

Find the length of two legs

Solution:

Pythagorean Theorem:

a 2 + b2 = c 2

Let a2 = x

b2 = 14 + x
c2 = 34

Substitute:

x2 + (14 + x)2 = 342

x2 + 196 + 28x + x2 = 1156

2x2 + 28x – 960 = 0

Simply divide by 2

x2 + 14x – 480 = 0

(x + 30) (x – 16) = 0

x = -30 x = 16 ;

One side of triangle is x = 16cm

The other side is x + 14cm = 16cm + 14cm = 30cm

Other side of triangle is 30cm

The final answer is letter C. 16 and 30

Discussion:

Using Pythagorean Theorem let a2 equivalent to x variable, b2 equivalent to 14 + x and c2

equivalent to 34. Using the formula, substitute the equivalent of each variable to solve the first side of the
triangle which is 16cm and the answer x = -30 is rejected because length indicates distance and distance
cannot be negative so that the value of 16 will be substitute the variable x in the equation of 14 + x and
the answer to the other side of the triangle is 30cm.

Problem No. 79
The identity sec2 A – sec2 A sin2 A is equal to: 
A. sin A B. sec A C. zero D. one 
Given:
sec2 A – sec2 A sin2 A
Required:
sec2 A – sec2 A sin2 A= ?
Solution:
Multiply the terms with equal exponents by multiplying their bases
2 2 2 2 2
sec A – sec A sin =sec A− ( sec A sin A )
1
Using sec A= , transform the expression;
cos A
2
1
(
sec 2 A−
cos A
x sin A )
2
sin A
Then, calculate the product; sec A−(
cos A )
2

2 sin 2 A
sec A−
cos 2 A

sin A
Since =tan A ,
cos A
sec 2 A−tan 2 A
In trigonometric identities sec 2 A−tan 2 A is equal to 1
Thus, the answer is D. one 

Discussion:
By transforming expression and calculating the product the identity of sec2 A – sec2 A sin2 A is

sin2 A 2
equal to 1 since 2
=tan A and sec 2 A+1=tan 2 A .
cos A
Problem No. 80

Simplify the identity: (1+tan 2A)/(1+cot 2A)

A. 1 B. tan2 A C. sin A D. tan A

Given:

(1+tan 2A)/(1+cot 2A)

Required:

Simplify the given identity

Solution:
 1+ tan 2 A
¿
1+ cot 2 A

Wherein;

2 tanA
tan2 A=
1−tan 2 A

1−tan 2 A
cot 2 A=
2 tanA

Simplifying;

2 tanA
1+
1−tan2 A
¿
1−tan2 A
1+
2 tanA

1−tan 2 A+2 tanA

1−tan 2 A
¿
2 tanA +(1−tan 2 A )
2tanA

1−tan 2 A +2tanA 2 tanA

¿( 2
)( )
1−tan A 2 tanA + ( 1−tan 2 A )

2tanA
¿
1−tan2 A

¿ tan2 A

Therefore, the answer is tan 2A which is not in the choices.

Discussion:

In order to simplify the identity, we use the double angle formulas for tan 2A and cot 2A.

Problem No. 81

A person draws 3 balls in succession from a box containing 5 red balls, 6 yellow balls and 7
green balls. Find the probability of drawing the balls in the order red, yellow and green.

A. 0.3894
 B. 0.0894
C. 0.03489
D. 0.04289

Given:

5 red balls = N1

6 yellow balls = N2

7 green balls = N3

Required:
Probability of drawing the balls in the given order (red, yellow, green)

Solution:

Total number of balls (T) = 5 + 6 + 7 = 18 balls

Probability = (N1 / T) (N2 / T-1) (N3 / T-2)
P = (5 / 18) (6 / 17) (7 / 16)
P = 0.04289215686 or 0.04289
Therefore the answer is D. 0.04289

Discussion:
To get the probability, know the total number of balls. In each draw, subtract 1 to the total
number because it is in succession. The numerator is the number of each balls. Therefore the formula to
get the probability of the order is P = (N1 / T) (N2 / T-1) (N3 / T-2)
Problem No. 82
If five coins are tossed simultaneously find the probability that they will just had two head.
A. 5/32 B. 5/16 C. 7/32 D. 1/16

Given:
5 coins to be flipped simultaneously
Required:
Probability that they will just had two head
Solution:
Each coin will have only two (2) outcomes.
For the Five (5) coins the possible outcomes will be;
( 2 ) ( 2 )( 2 ) ( 2 )( 2 ) =32 outcomes
 For the combination, use the formula
nCr
5 C 2=10
For the probability of having two heads in flipping of 5 coins simultaneously, divide the number
of combinations by the number of outcomes
nCr nCr
probability= probability=
no . of outcomes no . of outcomes

10
probability=
32
5
probability=
16

Therefore, the answer is B. 5/16

Discussion:
Since each coin has a probability of ½ of achieving head in a toss. Five coins will result to (2) 5 or
32 outcomes. For Five coins, the combinations will result to 10. Dividing it by the total outcomes will
result to the probability of having exactly 2 heads in the toss.
Problem No, 83
If five coin are tossed simultaneously, find the probability of getting at least two tails.
A. 1⁄4 B. 3/16 C. 4/5 D. 6/31
Given: five coins
Required: probability of getting at least two tails
Solution:
Let E2 = event of getting 2 tails.
Then, E2 = {TT} and therefore, n(E2) = 1.
Therefore, P(getting 2 tails) = P(E2) = n(E2)/n(S) = 1/4
Therefore, the answer is A. ¼

Discussion:
The easiest way is to assume the possibility of getting two heads, two tails, one head and one tail.
Therefore, you can easily figure out the probability of getting at least two tails.

Problem No. 84
 Two cards are drawn at random from an ordinary deck of 52 cards. Find the probability P that one is
a spade and one is a heart.

A. 3/51 B. 1/26 C. 13/102 D. 2/52

Given:

An ordinary deck of cards which is 52

Number of Spade = 13

Number of Heart = 13

Required:

The probability of picking 1 spade and 1 heart.

Solution:

P = [(number of spade)/(total deck)][(number of heart)/(total deck - 1)] + [(number of

heart)/(total deck)][(number of spade)/(total deck - 1)]

P= (1352 )(1351 )+( 1352 )( 1351 )

13
P=
102

The answer is C. 13/102

The probability of picking 1 spade and 1 heart is 13/102.

Discussion:

To find the probability we must consider that there are 4 total possible outcomes to the scenario. First
is picking spade then heart, and the others are picking heart then spade. That gives the formula that is
stated above. And simply input the number of cards.

Problem No. 85

The arithmetic mean of 6 numbers is 17. If two numbers are added to the progression, the new set of
numbers will have an arithmetic mean of 19. What are the two numbers if their difference is 4?

A. 21, 29 B. 23, 27 C. 24, 26 D. 22, 28

Given:

Arithmetic mean = 17 Difference = 4

Required:

Two numbers

Solution:

Let x be the first number, let x + 4 be the second number

Let y be the sum of the original 6 numbers

y
Arithmetic mean= =17
6

y=17 ( 6 )=102

y+ x+( x+ 4)
=19
6+ 2

102+ 2 x +4
=19
8

106+2 x=19 ( 8 )

2 x=152−106

x=23

x +4=27

Therefore, the answer is B. 23, 27

Discussion:

To solve the problem, we use the formula for the arithmetic mean to find (y). Then we use the
value of (y) to solve for the two numbers using algebra.
Problem No. 86

From a bag containing 6 red balls, 8 white balls and 10 blue balls, one ball is drawn at random.
Determine the probability that is red or white.

A. 7/12 B. 3⁄4 C. 1⁄4 D. 1/3

Given:

6 red balls

8 white balls

10 blue balls

Required:

Probability that is red or white

Solution:

P = probability that is red or white

¿
P = number of ¿∧¿ balls
total number of balls

¿ 14
P = 6 ¿ balls+ 8 ¿ balls 6+ 8+10 =
24

7
P=
12

The final answer is letter A. 7/12

Discussion:

For the probability of one ball being drawn at random whether it is red or white. To find the
probability, sum the 6 red balls and 8 white balls and divide it to the total number of balls.

Problem No. 87
From a bag containing 4 black balls and 5 white balls, two balls are drawn one at a time. Find the
probability that one ball is white and one ball is black. Assume that the first ball is returned before the
second ball is drawn.
A. 40/81 B. 2/9 C. 20/81 D. 1/9
Given:
4 black balls
5 white balls
Required:
 Probability that one ball is white and one ball is black
Solution:
Assuming the first draw is white and second draw is black;
P1=P¿ x P ¿
5 4
P 1= x
9 9
20
P 1=
81
Assuming the first draw is black and second draw is white;
P2=P¿ x P ¿
4 5
P 2= x
9 9
20
P 2=
81
Let P =probability that one ball is white and the other is black P=P1 + P2
20 20
P= +
81 81
40
P=
81
Thus, the answer is A. 40/81

Discussion:
Since there are 4 black balls and 5 white balls and the total of 9 balls. The probability that one
ball is white and other ball is black is by adding the first assumption and the second assumptions.

Problem No. 88

A fair coin is tossed 5 times. What is the probability of getting at least one tail.

A. 0.64 B. 0.97 C. 0.58 D. 0.86

Given:

Coin is tossed 5 times

Required:
probability of getting at least one tail

Solution:

P(at least 1 tail)= 1-P(exactly 5 heads)

5
1
P ( at least 1 tail ) =1−
2 ()
31
P ( at least 1 tail ) = ∨0 .96875
32

Therefore, the answer is letter B. 0.97

Discussion:

There is a longer method in solving this problem wherein the formula P(at least 1 tail)= P(exactly 1 tail)+
P(exactly 2 tails)+ P(exactly 3 tails)+ P(exactly 4 tails)+ P(exactly 5 tails) is used. Either way, both
methods lead to the same answer.

Problem No. 89

From a bag containing 4 black balls and 5 white balls, two balls are drawn one at a time. Find the
probability that both balls are black. Assume that the 1 st ball is returned before the second ball is drawn.

A. 4/9
B. 16/81
C. 1/6
D. 5/9

Given:

4 black balls = N1

5 white balls = N2

Total number of balls = 4 + 5 = 9 balls

Required:
Probability that both balls drawn are black
Solution:
P = (N1 / T) (N1 / T)
P = (4 / 9) (4 / 9)
P = 16/81
Therefore the answer is B.16/81
Discussion:
To find the probability of both black balls are drawn, first know the total number of balls in the
bag and if there is a condition that when every ball is drawn, it will be returned to the bag. Since the
condition is the first ball drawn is returned before the second ball will be drawn, the denominator, which
is the total number of balls in the bag, will not change, and since the required probability is for the black
ball only, the numerator is only N1. The ball is drawn two times so the formula is P = (N1 / T) (N1 / T).

Problem No. 90
Find the probability that a couple having 3 children will have at least one girl.
A. 7/8 B. ½ C. ¾ D. 5/8
Given:
3 children
Required:
Probability of having at least one girl
Solution:
Each child has the probability of ½ or 50 % of being a girl.
So the probability of all boys:
1 1 1 1
( )( )( )
2 2
=
2 8
Considering the required of having at least one girl in the children, the probability of having all boys must
be subtracted, therefore:

1 7
probability=1− = ∨87.5 %
8 8

Therefore, the answer is A. 7/8

Discussion:
 Since, each child has the probability of 50% of being a boy and 50% of being a girl, therefore, the
probability of having all boys is (0.5)(0.5)(0.5) or 1/8 or 12.5% and the rest will have at least one girl in
the children. Knowing this, 12.5% must be subtracted from 100% in order to obtain the probability of
having at least one girl in the children whether only one or two or three girls still satisfy the given
consideration.

Problem No. 91
What is the equivalent resistance, in ohms, of the circuit where there are 1 of 20 ohms and 1 of 10
ohms connected in series to the circuit?
A. 55.5 ohms B.33.3 ohms C. 50.5 ohms D. 60.0 ohms
Given:
1 of 20 ohms
1 of 10 ohms
Required:
equivalent resistance
Solution:
Req = R1 + R2
Req = 20 ohms + 10 ohms
Therefore, the answer is Req = 30 ohms

Discussion:
Since the circuit is connected in series, we can simply add the resistances to get the equivalent
resistance.

Problem No. 92

A solid copper wire conductor at 50°C has the following characteristics. Resistivity of 1.77x10 -8
ohm-meter, wire diameter of 0.4 inch and wire total length of 10000 m. What is the resistance of the wire
conductor?

A. 2.18 ohm B. 5.5 ohm C. 3.25 ohm D. 6.55 ohm

Given:
 Resistivity = 1.77x10-8 ohm-meter, Wire Diameter = 0.4 in, Wire length = 10000m

Required:

The Resistance of the Wire Conductor.

Solution:

L
R=ρ
A

A=π r 2 =π ¿

R 1.77 x 10−8 Ω EQ ¿ ¿

R=2.183212298Ω

Therefore, the answer is A. 2.18 ohm

Discussion:

Required in the formula is the area, resistivity, and length. All are given except for the area, but we
can compute for the area using the given diameter. We then convert the diameter to meters, and then
solve for the area. Finally, substitute the values to the formula.

Problem No. 93

An electric motor has a trade man. Label indicating 2 hp, 240 V, 15 amp. Calculate the motor
power factor. Assume motor efficiency to be 85%.

A. 0.987 B. 0.657 C. 0.867 D. 0.487

Given:

V= 240V

I = 15amp

P=2hp

Eff. = 85%
Required:

Power Factor

Solution:

P
P . F= .
Po

First, solve for P0

Pi=¿V x I=240 V x 15 A ¿

Pi=¿3600 EQ ¿¿ ¿

Pi=¿ 4.825737265hp ¿

Po
e=
Pi

Po =e x Pi =0.85 x 4.825737265 hp

Po =4.101876676 hp

P . F=EQ 2¿ ¿ ¿

P . F=0.4875816993

Therefore, the answer is D. 0.487

Discussion:

To solve the problem, we use the formula for the Power Factor. First, we need to find the value of
Po, then, use its value to solve for the motor power factor.

Problem No. 94

If three resistors of 5, 10, 15 ohms respectively are connected in parallel. What is the equivalent
resistance of the combination?

A. 30 ohms B. 2.73 ohms C. 2.07 ohms D. none of these

Given:

R1 = 5 ohms

R2 = 10 ohms

R3 = 15 ohms

Required:

RT = ?

Solution:

1 1 1 1
RT = + +
R1 R2 R3

1 1 1 1
RT
= + +
5 10 15

RT = 2.727272727 ohms

The final answer is letter B. 2.73 ohms

Discussion:

The reciprocal (1/R) value of the individual resistances is all added together instead of the
resistances themselves with the inverse of the algebraic sum giving the equivalent resistance.

Problem No. 95
Three 100-ohms resistors are connected in series-parallel. What is the equivalent
resistance?
A. 300 ohms B. 150 ohms C. 67 ohms D. none of these
Given:
R1 = 100 ohms R3 = 100 ohms
R2 = 100 ohms
Required:
Equivalent resistance
Schematic:

Solution:
Solve for the total resistance of the parallel resistors, by using the formula;
1
R4 =
1 1
+
R3 R 2
1
R4 =
1 1
+
100 Ω 100 Ω
R4 =50 Ω
Then, solve the total resistance in series,
RT =R1 + R4
RT =100 Ω+50 Ω
RT =150 Ω
Thus, the answer is B. 150 ohms

Discussion:
 1
R4 =
Since the circuit is series parallel. The total resistance of the parallel is 1 1 and by
+
R3 R 2
adding the computed R4 to the R3 to get the total resistance of the circuit.
Problem No. 96

In a circuit, three resistors of 10, 15, and 20 ohms are connected in series. Find the potential at the source
if the current flowing is 4 amp.

A. 90 V B. 135 V C. 180 V D. 45 V

Given:

R1=10 Ω

R2=15 Ω

R3=20 Ω

I= 4 amp

Required:

Voltage=?

Solution:

Rseries= R1+ R2+ R3

Rseries=10 Ω+15 Ω+20 Ω

Rseries=45 Ω

V=IR

V=(4 amp)(45 Ω)

V=180 V

Therefore, the answer is letter C. 180 V

Discussion:

In a series circuit, the voltage is the sum of the voltage drops of the individual components (resistance
units).
Problem No. 97

What total current is drawn by a circuit composed of a 10 ohm resistor in series with two 10 ohm
parallel combinations? The supply voltage is 120 V.
A. 4 A
B. 10 A
C. 6A
D. 8A
Given:
10 ohms in series
(2) 10 ohms connected in parallel
V = 120 V
Required:
Current
Solution:
Compute for the equivalent resistance for parallel connection
Rp = (R1-1 + R2-1)-1
Rp = (10-1 + 10-1)-1
Rp = 5 ohms
Compute for the equivalent resistance connected in series
Re = Rp + 10 ohms
Re = 5 ohms + 10 ohms
Re = 15 ohms
Compute for current
V = IR
120 V = I (15 ohms)
I=8A
Therefore, the answer is D .8A

Discussion:
By getting the equivalent resistance of the parallel connection, add the two resistances raised to
negative 1 and raise the sum to negative one. To get the total resistance for series connection, simply add
the resistances. To get the current, apply ohm’s law.
Problem No. 98
What is the power required to transfer 97, 000 coulombs of charge through a potential rise of 50
volts in one hour?
A. 0.5 KW B. 0.9 KW C. 1.3 KW D. 2.85 KW
Given:
Charge = 97 000 Coulombs
Voltage = 50 volts
t= 1 hour
Required:
Power
Solution:
Charge=Curr ent ( t )
97 000 coulombs
Current=
3600 s
Current=26.944444 A

Power=IV
Power=(26.944444 A)(50 V )
Power=1347.22222Watts
Power=1.34722222 Kw=1.3 Kw

Therefore, the answer is C 1.3KW

Discussion:

In computing power, it requires both Voltage and current. The voltage was given but the current
was not. The current was obtained from the given charge by dividing it by the given time in terms of
seconds.

Problem No. 99
Two coils connected in a parallel to a 6 volts battery. One resistance is 17 and the other is 5. Find
the current in each.
A. 1.2 A & 0.353 A B. 1.1 A & 0.453A C. 1.0 A & 0.553 A D. 0.9 A & 0.653 A
Given:
V=6V
R1 = 17 ohms
R2 = 5 ohms

Required:
Current
Solution:
V = IR
6 V = I1(17 ohms)
I1 = 0.3529411765 A
V = IR
6 V = I2(5 ohms)
I2 = 1.2 A
Therefore, the answer is A. 1.2 A & 0.353 A
Discussion:
By using Ohm’s Law, we can simply substitute the given voltage and resistances to solve for the
current.
Problem No. 100

How many kilowatts of electricity must be supplied to run a motor that is rated at 10 hp of electrical
energy is transformed into mechanical energy with an efficiency of 80%?

A. 9.33 kw B. 10 kw C. 5.97 kw D. 12 kw

Given:

HP = 10 hp

Efficiency = 80%

Required:

How many kilowatts of electricity must be supplied.

Solution:
 10 hp * 0.7457 kW/1hp = 7.457 kW

7.457 kW * 0.8 = 5.9656 kW

The answer is C. 5.97 kW

Final Answer:

The electricity that must be supplied to the motor is approximately 5.97 kW.
Discussion:

First step is to convert Hp into Kw, this is done by conversion factor. Secondly we simply adjust for
the efficiency of the motor and that is the final answer.