Pt5

Disclosed herein are additives for petroleum hydrocarbons, e.g., gasoline, oil, and solvents, to
inhibit corrosion or rusting of metals. The additives comprise a major amount of a liquid C21
-dicarboxylic acid having the following structure, the bis-alkanolamide derivative of this material,
the mono-alkanolamide derivative of this material, or the salt of the monoalkanolamide derivative
of this material: [Figure] wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12 and Z
is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen and COOH, with one Z of each moiety. An
additional aspect of the subject invention is that the C21 -dicarboxylic acid of the formula shown
above may be blended with up to 80% by weight of such fatty acids as oleic acid, coconut fatty
acid, soya fatty acid, tall oil fatty acids and others and still retain significant corrosion inhibiting
properties. The alkanolamides are made by reacting the dicarboxylic acid or its sodium or
potassium soap and monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or isopropanolamine.
1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the inhibition of corrosion and/or rusting of metal when in contact with
an aqueous medium, especially in internal combustion engines, pipelines, or storage tanks. More
particularly, this invention relates to the use of liquid C21 -dicarboxylic acid, blends of these acids
with other fatty acids, and bis-alkanolamide and mono-alkanolamide derivatives of the
dicarboxylic acid as additives for use in preventing corrosion or rusting of metals, e.g., iron, steel
and ferrous alloys.
2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Corrosion inhibitors are designed to be effective in concentrations of only a few parts per
million of hydrocarbon and to protect the metal surfaces of internal combustion engines, storage
tanks and the like from rusting. Since moisture or liquid water is almost always present as
contamination from some source, rusting is usually a problem. With changing temperatures over
the course of 24 hours, the vapors in a tank expand or contract. When they contract, air is drawn
into the tank and subsequently the engine, and the moisture contained in the air may condense.
Considerable volume of water may be introduced during long tank storage, especially during
humid weather. The dangers of rusting during storage lie in the damage to costly equipment and
contamination of the fuel of particles of iron oxide which may scale off the walls of the tank.
As is well known, fatty acids and in particular, polymerized fatty acids, known as dimer acids,
are used as corrosion inhibitors in numerous systems. Examples of dimer acids disclosed in the
prior art for use as corrosion inhibitors are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,482,761 to Goebel, U.S.
Pat. No. 2,631,979 to McKermott and U.S. Pat. No. 2,632,695 to Landis. Those patents, among
others, discuss the especially suitable polymer acids as polymerized diunsaturated
monocarboxylic acids, e.g., dilinoleic acid and the dimeric acids obtained by the distillation of
castor oil in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Other sources for obtaining the dimeric acids are
from tall oil fatty acids, such as oleic or linoleic acids.
It is therefore a general object of this invention to provide new and improved corrosion and
rusting inhibiting compositions which readily forms a protective coating on surfaces either directly
or as a hydrocarbon addition.
Another object of this invention is to provide a new and improved process for inhibiting
corrosion and rusting of metal equipment, such as internal combustion engines and storage
tanks.
Still another object of this invention is to provide corrosion inhibiting compositions comprising
blends of C21 -dicarboxylic acids and other fatty acids.
An even further object of this invention is to provide a corrosion inhibiting composition of the
bis-alkanolamide and mono-alkanolamide derivatives of C21 -dicarboxylic acid.
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be evident from the following
disclosure.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has been found that new and improved results in inhibiting corrosion, particularly inhibiting
the corrosion and rusting of metal, particularly ferrous metals in internal combustion engines and
storage tanks, are obtained by applying directly to the metals or as an addition to a hydrocarbon,
such as gasoline, oil or solvent, a corrosion inhibitor which may be described as having the
following structure: [Figure] wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12
and Z is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen and COOH, with one Z of each moiety. In
addition, the structure shown above may be hydrogenated to saturate the double bond.
An additional aspect of the subject invention is that the C21 -dicarboxylic acid may be blended
with up to 80% by weight of such fatty acids as oleic acid, coconut fatty acid, soya fatty acid, tall
oil fatty acids and others and still retain significant corrosion and rust inhibiting properties. In
addition to the C21 -dicarboxylic acids and blends, it has been found that the bis-alkanolamide
derivatives and the mono-alkanolamide derivatives of the C21 -dicarboxylic acid are also effective
corrosion and rust inhibitors.
The corrosion inhibitors of this invention are effective when added to hydrocarbons in the range
of 1 p.p.m. to 200 p.p.m. by weight, preferably 5-100 p.p.m., and in the aqueous layer when
added in the range of 10 p.p.m.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Protection of metal surfaces from rust and corrosion is an important factor in many fields of
technology. One manner of providing such protection is by use of a corrosion inhibitor which
forms a protective film on a metal surface, which film resists attack of the surfaces by corrosive
agents in the fluid with which the surface would otherwise come in direct contact. The present
invention provides a highly effective inhibitor for the prevention of rust and corrosion in internal
combustion engines.
The requirements of a rust and corrosion inhibitor for hydrocarbon fuels, such as gasoline and
avaiation fuel, include, for example; it must protect all equipment while in contact with the
inhibited gasoline and water, it must not cause color change in the gasoline, and it must not effect
octane rating or any other specification under which gasoline is sold.
The corrosion and rust inhibiting material of the subject invention comprises a major amount of
a liquid C21 organic acid having the following structure: [Figure] wherein x and y are integers from
3 to 9, x and y together equal 12 and Z is a member of the group consisting of hydrogen and
COOH, with one Z of each moiety. Also contemplated is the hydrogenated structure of the C21
-dicarboxylic acid. Typical properties of the C21 dicarboxylic acid of the above structure are as
follows:

United States Patent 5034555 Quotables

Novel alkoxylated "What, sir, would you
amido sulfates make a ship sail against the
US Patent Issued on July wind and currents by
23, 1991 lighting a bonfire under her
deck? I pray you, excuse
me, I have not the time to
listen to such nonsense."
Napoleon Bonaparte;
When told of the Robert
Fulton steamboat
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United States Patent 5034555 Quotables
Novel alkoxylated amido sulfates "What, sir, would y
US Patent Issued on July 23, 1991 make a ship sail aga
wind and currents b
Inventor(s) ABSTRACT CLAIMS DESCRIPTION FULL TEXT
Anthony J. O'Lenick, Jr. 5 2 485.0 lighting a bonfire u
18 R C11 C13 5 deck? I pray you, ex
5 5 1258.0
Application me, I have not the t
__________________________________
No. 379284 filed on 1989-07- ____ listen to such nonse
13 Napoleon Bonapart
When told of the R
Current US Class Fulton steamboat
Examples 19-24 Procedure (Chlorosulfonic
558/30 Acid)
Field of Search
Example 19-21
558/30

Repeat example 1 except substitute the

Examiners
Primary: Nicky Chan indicated amount of reaction product from
examples S-U for reaction product example A.

Example 22-24

Repeat example 1 except substitute the

indicated amount of reaction products from
examples U-X for reaction product from
example A and 56.1 grams of KOH for the 40.0
grams of NaOH.
__________________________________
____
Product of
Example Example R' R" x
y z Grams
__________________________________
____
19 S C11 C13 10
10 10 1993.0
20 T C16 C18 0
0 0 592.0
21 U C16 C18 1
1 1 739.0
22 V C16 C18 0
5 2 975.0
23 W C16 C18 5
5 5 1327.0
24 X C16 C18 10
10 10 2062.0
__________________________________
____
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Liqui-Nox® Critical Cleaning Liquid Detergent

Healthcare instruments, laboratory ware, vacuum equipment, tissue culture ware,

personal protective equipment, sampling apparatus, catheters, tubing, disk drives, clean
rooms, EEG patient prep, optical parts, electronic components, pharmaceutical apparatus,
cosmetics manufacturing equipment, metal castings, forgings and stampings, industrial
parts, pipes, tanks and reactors. Authorized by USDA for use in federally inspected meat
and poultry plants. Passes inhibitory residue test for water analysis. Used for phosphate
sensitive analysis ware.

Used to Remove:
Soil, grit, grime, slime, grease, oils, blood, tissue, particulates, deposits, chemical and
solvents.

Surfaces Cleaned:
Corrosion inhibited formulation recommended for glass, metal, stainless steel, porcelain,
ceramic, plastic, cement and fiberglass. Can be used on soft metals such as copper,
aluminum, zinc and magnesium if rinsed promptly. Used for art restoration. Corrosion
testing may be advisable.

Leak detection:
Liqui-Nox seems to be the ultimate leak detection medium when searching for leaks on
just about any system where there is a pressure differential. Whether it be for a slow leak
on an automobile tire, a pressure hose, or even a vacuum system o ring seal.

Cleaning Method:
Soak, brush, sponge, cloth, ultrasonic, flow through clean-in-place.

Special caution: This product will foam, it is not for spray or machine use.

Physical Data Typical Data

pH of 1% solution 8.5
Specific Gravity (g/ml) 1.07
Density (lbs./gal.) 8.9
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg) 10.5
Flash Point (degrees F) None
 Phosphate Content (as Phosphorus) 0%
Fragrance Content 0%
Organic Carbon (% calculated w/w) 18-23%
Surface Tension 1% Sol'n (Dyne/cm) 32
Color: Pale Yellow --
Form: Liquid --
Solubility in Water: Completely soluble in all proportions --
Hard Water Effectiveness: Highly Effective --
Biodegradability: Biodegradable --
Foam Tendency: High Foaming --
Shelf Life: Approximately one year in a sealed container --

Chemical Description:
LIQUI-NOX consists primarily of a homogeneous blend of sodium linear alkylaryl
sulfonate, sodium xylene sulfonate, alkanolamide, and ethoxylated alcohol. LIQUI-NOX
is anionic in nature.

Cleaning Validation Methods:

Test a parameter of rinse water before and after rinsing the cleaned surface. No
significant change in the parameter indicates no detectable residue. Parameters measured
include: pH, conductivity, resistance, spectrographic methods, sodium concentration,
phosphorus concentration, anionic surfactant concentration using inexpensive detergent
water testing kits, surface tension, and surface analysis.

Abstract

Use of a mixture of at least one alkanolamide of general formula (I), wherein R is a

hydrocarbon group having 7-23 carbon atoms, preferably 11-23 carbons atoms, A is an
alkyleneoxy group having 2-4 carbon atoms and n is 2-12, preferably 2-8, and at least one
alkoxylated alcohol in a weight ratio between the alkoxylated alkanolamide and the
alkoxylated alcohol from 10:1 to 1:10, preferably in the range from 5:1 to 1:5 for
producing a water-base liquid system with reduced flow resistance between the flowing,
water-base liquid system and a solid surface.

ent of Labor
Occupational Safety & Health Administration

www.osha.gov [skip navigational links] Search Advanced Search | A-Z Index

Technical Links > Sampling & Analytical Methods > Index

 Butyl carbitol
Butyl Carbitol acetate
Method no.: PV2095

Control no.: T-PV2095-01-9302-CH

Matrix: Air

25 ppm (166 mg/m3) butyl carbitol

Target concentration:
25 ppm (205 mg/m3) butyl carbitol acetate

Procedure: Samples are collected by drawing a known -volume of air

through a charcoal tube. Samples are desorbed with 5:95
methanol:methylene chloride and analyzed by gas
chromatography with a flame ionization detector (GC-
FID).

Air volume and sampling rate

studied: 10 liters at 0.2 Lpm.

Status of method: Stopgap method. This method has been only partially
evaluated and is presented for information and trial use.

Date: February, 1993

Chemist: Mary E. Eide

Organic Service Branch I
OSHA Technical Center
Salt Lake City, Utah

1. General Discussion

1.1 Background

1.1.1 History of procedure

There have been many requests for sampling and analytical procedures for butyl carbitol
and butyl carbitol acetate. They have been directed to follow OSHA method 83 for 2-
butoxyethanol, since butyl carbitol is related to this compound (Ref. 5.1). This study was
undertaken to gather the data necessary to verify that this is the proper procedure. In method
83, collection of 2-butoxyethanol is on charcoal tubes. Desorption of butyl carbitol from
charcoal tubes was previously attempted using carbon disulfide, but the recovery was 71%,