CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 ABSTRACT

Electrocution is a leading cause of fatalities in construction workplace, and

has been identified as one of the Focus Four hazards by the National Institute of
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [1]. Electric shocks can happen from
various perspectives among various occupations. To more readily comprehend
electric shocks among development workers. Electric shock results when an
individual is presented to a deadly measure of electrical energy. Presentation to power
can likewise cause consumes, stuns, bend streak/circular segment impact, fire, blasts,
and falls. Beside that, harmed apparatuses and gear, contact with overhead electrical
cables, wet conditions, over-burden circuits, uncovered electrical parts, or on the other
hand inappropriate establishing and wiring, would all be able to uncover workers to
electrical dangers in construction workplace. Electric wounds in the work
environment frequently imply that a workers will endure genuinely and monetarily.
Also, the organization's efficiency might be affected. Recuperation from electrical
shock is perceived as a moderate and low painful. OSHA reports that at regular
intervals during the work day a worker is so seriously harmed by power that
downtime from work is necessary to recover. The enduring survivors of an electric
physical issue may endure lasting handicap, heart harm, organ harm, loss of vision,
hearing misfortune, cerebrum harm, nerve harm and the rundown goes on. These
wounds and the recovery cycle and process are expansive which will put bad financial
weight on the injury person and their families [2]. Electric shock death are
preventable. This paper will review the cause of electric shock occurs in construction
site and its cases in Malaysia. There are several cause that lead to the electrocution in
construction workplace such as inadequate wiring, overload, power line, ground
faults, temporary wiring and live part.
1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW

The pattern of electric shock deaths in development plunged during the

downturn and rose subsequent to, reflecting the general casualty pattern (graph 1.2.1).
In 2015, there were 82 electric shock death among development workers, a 17%
expansion from 70 death in 2011, yet not exactly the 26% increment in by and large
development fatalities during a similar time span. On normal from 2003 to 2015,
about 9% of development fatalities were from electric shock. During this period, the
quantity of electric shocks diminished by 39% contrasted with the 16% decrease in
general development fatalities, proceeding with a more extended declining pattern of
electric shock (Dong et al 2010; Wang et al 2015) and recommending intercession on
development electric shock is moderately compelling [3].

Graph 1.2.1 : Number of fatalities in construction, construction and other

fatalities in 2003 – 2015

By development subsector, electrical contractor workers (NAICS 23821) had

the most noteworthy number of electric shock death in development. From 2011 to
2015, 115 site worker in this sector were slaughtered by electric shock, almost 33%
(32%) of all electric shock death in development industry over these years (Graph
1.2.2). Utility framework development workers likewise endured a high number of
electric shocks, with 52 fatalities during a similar period. For 2003-2005, the accident
rate from electric shocks for the development industry was 1.1 per 100,000 full-time
workers, for was a normal of 121 electric shocks for every year. The most noteworthy
paces of death from electric shock were among electrical force installers and
repairers. The development occupations with the most elevated normal number of
death every year due to electric shock were circuit testers (29), construction workers
(19), directors/supervisors (13), electrical power installers and repairers (10).

Graph 1.2.2 : Number of electrocutions in construction and selected

construction subsector, sum of 2011-2015
 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION

5.1 CONCLUSION

Electric shocks are the third driving reason for death among development
workers. Somewhere in the range of 2003 and 2015, the quantity of electric shock
death in construction industry diminished by 39% contrasted with the 16% decrease in
development fatalities, proposing intercession on development electric shock is
moderately successful. In spite of the decrease, 82 construction worker accident and
death with electric shocks or electrocution in 2015, more than the quantity of electric
shock fatalities in each other industry joined. More electric shock death or accident
were brought about by immediate or aberrant presentation to in excess of 220 volts of
power than some other function, and electric parts (electrical cables, transformers,
converters, and so on) were the main wellspring of electric shock death. Contrasted
with all fatalities, a bigger bit of electric shock fatalities happened at foundations with
10 or less representatives. Electrical contractual workers had a higher number of
electric shock passing than some other subsector. By occupation, circuit testers had
the most noteworthy number of electric shock fatalities, while power-line installers
had the most noteworthy rate. By age gathering, moderately aged workers had a
higher extent of electric shock fatalities, while worker under 25 years had the most
noteworthy danger of all ages gathering.
[1] Electrocutions and Prevention in the Construction Industry by CPWR Data Center :
Xuanwen Wang, PhD, Rebecca Katz, MPH, Chris Le, MPH, Xiuwen Sue Dong,
DrPH 2017

URL:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323738231_Electrocutions_and_Prevention
_in_the_Construction_Industry

[2] Electrocution Safety In The Workplace by The Carlson Law Firm 2018

URL:

https://www.carlsonattorneys.com/news-and-update/electrocution-safety-at-the-
workplace#:~:text=Always%20use%20ladders%20made%20of,heavy%20equipment
%20under%20power%20lines.

[3] Trends of Electrocutions in Construction, Electrocutions and Prevention in

Construction by CPWR Data Center : Xuanwen Wang, PhD, Rebecca Katz, MPH,
Chris Le, MPH, Xiuwen Sue Dong, DrPH 2017

URL:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323738231_Electrocutions_and_Prevention
_in_the_Construction_Industry