MA’ADEN ENGINEERING MANUAL

Piping Materials

MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0002

Rev. Rev. Date Revision Status Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By Approved By

No. (Employer)
C01 Issued for Use R Bentley M Coates R Covella
(Hatch) (Hatch) (Hatch)

PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL

This document and the information contained herein is Ma’aden proprietary know-how. This document or any
part thereof should not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted by any means, electronic or
otherwise, or divulged without prior written permission of Ma’aden.

PROPRIETARY & Piping Materials

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CONFIDENTIAL Doc No: MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0002

Rev C01 prepared for Ma’aden by Hatch Associates. H337201-0000-60-123-0002

 Ma’aden Project Manual Rev. Date: 21 Dec 2010
Rev: C01

Table of Contents
1. Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Scope............................................................................................................................................ 3
1.2 Purpose......................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Key Terms and Definitions..................................................................................................................... 3
3. Applicable Documents........................................................................................................................... 4
3.1 Statutory Regulations..................................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Industry Codes and Standards........................................................................................................ 5
3.2.1 Local Codes and Standards................................................................................................. 5
3.2.2 International Codes and Standards......................................................................................5
3.2.3 Alternative Design Codes................................................................................................... 6
3.3 Ma’aden Standards........................................................................................................................ 7
4. Materials................................................................................................................................................ 7
5. Execution............................................................................................................................................... 7
5.1 Safety............................................................................................................................................ 7
5.2 Quality.......................................................................................................................................... 7
5.3 Units............................................................................................................................................. 8
5.4 Identification................................................................................................................................. 8
5.5 Piping Material Class Specification................................................................................................. 8
5.6 Design........................................................................................................................................... 9
5.6.1 General............................................................................................................................. 9
5.6.2 Design Limits..................................................................................................................... 9
5.6.3 Corrosion Allowances...................................................................................................... 10
5.6.4 Branch Connections......................................................................................................... 10
5.6.5 Testing ............................................................................................................................ 10
5.6.6 Pipes ............................................................................................................................ 10
5.6.7 Flanges............................................................................................................................ 10
5.6.8 Fittings ............................................................................................................................ 11
5.6.9 Gaskets............................................................................................................................ 11
5.6.10 Bolting ............................................................................................................................ 12
5.6.11 Jacking Screws................................................................................................................. 12
5.6.12 Blanking.......................................................................................................................... 12
5.7 Non-Metallic Piping Materials...................................................................................................... 12
5.7.1 General............................................................................................................................ 12
5.7.2 Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Piping...............................................................................12
5.7.3 Pre-Stressed Concrete Pressure Pipe.................................................................................14
5.8 Service Conditions....................................................................................................................... 14
5.8.1 Plant Life Cycle................................................................................................................ 14
5.8.2 Design Pressure and Temperature....................................................................................14
5.8.3 Allowance for Variation from Normal Operating Condition..............................................14
6. Identification of Piping Material Classes (PMC)....................................................................................14

Appendices
Appendix A
Fluid Codes

PROPRIETARY &
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
This document specifies the minimum requirements for piping materials to be used for
piping for all projects undertaken by Ma’aden in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

This specification defines the general requirements of piping materials. Detailed

specifications for pipe, fittings, flanges and all other piping components, for each noted
service and the pressure and temperature limitations within which these may be employed
are to be noted in the specific Piping Material Class Specifications.

This specification does not include:

 Speciality items identified on P&IDs

 Valve data sheets

 Standard assembly details of piping connections

 Design details for vents/drains

 Pressure/temperature/fluid conditions, and

 Orifice instrument connections.

This specification covers piping systems within the scope of ASME B31.1, ASME B31.3,
ASME B31.4, ASME B31.8, BS 7159, ISO 14692, ANSI/SMACNA 006 and AWWA C 950 as
appropriate.
1.1 Purpose
This specification sets the minimum engineering standard for piping material criteria for plant
design and piping. It also describes the requirements for the assignment or preparation of a
Piping Material Class Specification (PMCS) for each line.

2. KEY TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

The following abbreviations are used in this section:

ANSI American National Standards Institute

API American Petroleum Institute

ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASME BPVC ASME Boiler and Pressure Vesser Code

ASTM American Society of Testing and Materials

SBC Saudi Building Code

CA Corrosion Allowance

CL Class

CNAF Compressed Non-Asbestos Fiber

CS Carbon Steel

DN Diameter Nominal

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 EFW Electric Fusion Welded

ERW Electric Resistance Welded

Gr Grade

GRP GRP

MDR Manufacturer’s Data Record

NDE Non-Destructive Examination

NPT National Pipe Thread (tapered)

P&ID A Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) is a pictorial

representation of a process or utility unit which shows all the
equipment, including installed spares and the associated piping and
piping components, instrumentation, heat tracing and insulation.
All piping and piping components shall be shown with their sizes,
piping class and tag numbers. The schemes should show specific
engineering requirements necessary for the design, e.g. sloping
lines, minimum straight pipe lengths, equipment elevations, etc.
Major data related to equipment should be available, whereas
process conditions and physical data are not normally shown.

PFD A Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is a schematic drawing of a process

or utility unit showing all relevant physical and other process data,
the main utility characteristics, the basic process control elements
and the main dimensions of the process equipment. A PFD should
show a list of included equipment items identified by their tag
numbers adjacent to the drawing title block.

PMCS Piping Material Class Specification

SMACNA Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors’ National Association

SS Stainless Steel

UN Unified Screw Thread

UNC Unified Screw Thread Coarse

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
This specification requires compliance with the provisions of the latest revision of the
relevant standards or codes of the following authorities and technical organizations, as
applicable, and specifications which shall be considered to form part of this specification,
where applicable.

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2.1 Statutory Regulations
All work performed and materials furnished shall comply with the applicable statutory
regulations, codes and other requirements of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (including but not
limited to directives of the High Commission for Industrial Security, Royal Commission
regulations applicable to the Site, regulations of the Presidency of Meteorology and
Environment, Saudi Building Code and other applicable codes and regulations). The
Contractor shall ensure that he is fully aware and informed of all Government laws, local
ordinances, regulations and all orders and decrees of bodies or tribunals having any
jurisdiction or authority over the Project and/or Site, which in any manner affect the Project
and those engaged or employed on the Project, or which in any way affect the conduct of
the Work. The Contractor shall at all times observe and comply with all such Government
and/or Ministry laws, bylaws, ordinances, codes, regulations, orders and decrees.
2.1 Industry Codes and Standards
Piping classes shall comply with, but not be limited to, the latest edition of the following
codes and standards listed below.
2.1.1 Local Codes and Standards

SBC 501 Mechanical

2.1.2 International Codes and Standards

ANSI/SMACNA 006 HVAC Duct Construction Standards – Metal and Flexible

API 5L Line Pipe

API 598 Valve Inspection and Testing

ASME B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

ASME B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings

ASME B16.9 Factory Made Wrought Steel Buttwelded Fittings

ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-welding and Threaded

ASME B16.20 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges – Ring Joint, Spiral-wound and
Jacketed

ASME B16.21 Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges

ASME B16.25 Buttwelded Ends

ASME B16.34 Valves – Flanged, Threaded and Buttwelding End

ASME B16.36 Orifice Flanges

ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges

ASME B16.48 Steel Line Blanks

ASME B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws (Inch Series)

ASME B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts (Inch Series)

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 ASME B31.1 Power Piping

ASME B31.3 Process Piping

ASME B31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other
Liquids

ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

ASME B31.11 Slurry Transportation Piping Systems

ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe

ASME B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe

ASME BPVC Section II – Materials

ASME BPVC Section VIII Div 1 – Pressure Vessels

ASTM A193 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for
High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special
Purpose Applications

ASTM A194 Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for
High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both

ASTM D 1784 Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)

Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)
Compounds

ASTM D 1785 Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe,
Schedules 40, 80, and 120

ASTM D 2241 Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure-

Rated Pipe (SDR Series)

AWWA C 301 Pre-stressed Concrete Pressure Pipe, Steel-Cylinder Type

AWWA C 950 Fiberglass Pressure Pipe

MSS SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions

MSS SP-97 Forged Carbon Steel Branch Outlet Fittings

NACE MR 0175 Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Materials

All other applicable codes, standards and specifications referred by documents that form part
of this specification shall also be followed
2.1.1 Alternative Design Codes
Alternative design codes may be used for Piping Materials if approved by the Employer.

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2.2 Ma’aden Standards

MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0004 Manual Valves

MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0007 Pressure Testing of Piping

MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-PMC-0001 Index of Piping Material Class Specifications

MD-101-SMPM-PM-QA-PEI-0001 Contractor Quality Requirements

MD-101-SPPM-PO-LO-PEI-0001 Material for Shipment Requirements

A range of Piping Material Class Specifications (PMCS) have been approved for use on the
Employer’s sites. The library of PMCSs is listed on the Index of Piping Material Class
Specifications MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-PMC-0001. These specifications are available through
the Project Management Interface System (PMIS) [search for Discipline = Piping and
Document Type = PMC].

The intent of the PMCS library is to standardize piping systems on the Employer’s sites to the
extent practicable. Engineers should utilize an existing PMCS when it is reasonably
practicable to do so. The Engineer is responsible for ensuring the existing PMCS is suitable
for the service for which it is to be utilized.

3. MATERIALS
This specification defines the general material requirements for pipe, fittings, flanges and all
other piping components.

3. EXECUTION
3.1 Safety
Safety shall be implemented in the design and design procedures to maximize construction
and operational safety.
3.2 Quality
The Contractor/Vendor shall comply with the general requirements described in the
Contractor Quality Requirements (MD-101-SMPM-PM-QA-PEI-0001).

Contractor/Vendor shall provide employer with procedures for the control of materials used
for pipe, fittings, flanges and all other piping components covered by this specification.
These procedures shall ensure the materials used are correct and as specified in the
Employer’s specifications and referenced codes and standards. These quality
control/assurance procedures shall be agreed with employer before implementation.

Quality assurance shall be in accordance with the piping material requisition(s).

Dimensional tolerances, allowable defects and material composition of pipe materials shall
strictly conform to the requirements contained in dimensional and material standards used to
order piping materials.

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 Additional requirements may also be imposed by other project documentation.

All pipe and fittings shall be adequately marked and fully traceable, with all material
certificates and test certificates supplied. A record dossier/MDR shall be supplied, including
any additional NDE requirements as specified on the applicable Requisitions.

Piping and piping fittings shall be marked with company stock codes as per the requisition of
supply.

Packing and documentation shall be in accordance with the Preparation of Equipment and
Material for Shipment Requirements (MD-101-SPPM-PO-LO-PEI-0001) and to an acceptable
standard to adequately protect piping materials from transit damage. Specific requirements
for packing are set out in the piping materials requisition.
3.1 Units
All units shall be expressed in SI (International Systems of Units) except for inch sized flange
bolting.

All pipes and fittings shall be expressed by nominal sizes; DN (nominal diameter), mm.

Tubing and plastic pipes and fittings shall be expressed by outside diameter sizes; O.D
(outside diameter), mm.
3.2 Identification
Material identification shall be in accord with the Preparation of Equipment and Material for
Shipment Requirements (MD-101-SPPM-PO-LO-PEI-0001).

All piping materials shall be adequately identified by markings. All materials must be
traceable.

Fittings, flanges and unions shall be marked in accordance with MSS SP 25.

3.3 Piping Material Class Specification
All lines including all vessel trim shall be assigned a unique identification number duly
noted on the applicable P&ID. The stream table associated with the PFD/P&ID shall
designate the applicable Fluid Code (refer to Appendix A) and the specific fluid conditions of
the service. The relevant particulars shall be recorded in the Line Designation Table
(sometimes called Piping Line List).

The Piping Engineer shall review the fluid conditions and determine whether an existing
PMCS is suitable for the duty. Should an existing PMCS not be suitable a PMCS shall be
developed for the application. Should it be necessary to generate a new PMCS the Engineer
should notify the Document Owner of the “Piping Materials” specification (this document).
The Document Owner will determine whether the new PMCS is to be added to the library as
a standard.

All PMC Specifications are to be developed in the same format as the existing Piping
Material Class Specifications (e.g. MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-PMC-0002). The applicable Fluid
Code/s shall be noted on the PMCS.

Regardless of whether an existing PMCS is utilized or a PMCS is developed for the

application the Piping Engineer is responsible for ensuring the Piping Material Class is fit for
purpose. Piping Engineer shall consult material selection specialists when piping materials
are specified for unfamiliar fluid services and conditions.
3.3 Design

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3.3.1 General
The environment of some installations may comprise highly corrosive & abrasive substances
in the form of vapors, gases, liquids, splashes, spills, or air born dust. Such substances
include:

 Ammonia

 Chlorine

 Phosphoric acid

 Sulphuric acid

 Diammonium phosphate, etc.

The presence of corrosive substances in the operating environment that react with certain
materials used for construction of equipment and can cause degradation and eventual failure
and/or compromise the integrity of the equipment.

Equipment installed in corrosive or abrasive environments and services shall be constructed

of materials suitable for that environment/service and/or shall have surface coatings suitable
for such environment in accordance with the project paint specification. Alternatively, the
Contractor/Vendor shall provide a surface coating specification for review and acceptance by
the Employer.

The components of equipment that are not permanently sealed from the environment shall
be reviewed and selected for compatibility with the environment, including all fugitive
emissions.

Viton and nitrile rubber shall not be used in any components that could be exposed to a
corrosive material including ammonia and/or methanol. Copper alloys shall not be used
where exposure to ammonia is possible.

Screws, bolts, nuts, washers, brackets, mountings and other fastenings, that could be
exposed to corrosive materials including ammonia shall not contain or be coated by copper,
cadmium, brass, zinc or their alloys.

Asbestos-containing materials shall not be used.

Galvanic action via contact of dissimilar metals shall be prevented.

3.3.2 Design Limits
Design limits, specified in the PMCS, are primarily derived from the pressure-temperature
ratings for flanges based on the flange standard adopted by the PMCS, e.g. ASME  B16.5.
Pressure-Temperature limits of in-line valve seats and/or any other limiting component shall
also be considered in setting the system pressure-temperature ratings for a PMCS.

Minimum wall thickness of the straight pipe shall be based on the maximum (rated) pressure
at the specified temperature and determined as per code nominated on PMCS, e.g.
ASME B31.3.

For the selection of wall thickness of carbon steel and stainless steel pipe, distinction shall be
made between seamless pipe and welded pipe (ERW, EFW) and used them in calculations as
recommended by the nominated code.
3.3.3 Corrosion Allowances

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 Mechanical corrosion and erosion allowances are combined in the corrosion-allowance
factor, (CA). This allowance is stated for each PMCS, and takes into account threaded fittings
where specified.
3.3.4 Branch Connections
Each PMCS shall include a table showing the preferred type of branch connection, suitable
for the design limits of the PMCS. Reinforcement requirements for branch connections shall
be calculated in accordance with the nominated code, and shall be based on the design
limits of the PMCS. Stress intensification factors as defined by the nominated code shall be
used in stress analysis.

The piping stress engineer shall decide, on a case-by-case basis, whether stub-ins are
acceptable for that particular piping system.
3.3.1 Testing
Hydrostatic testing of piping systems shall be as per the Pressure Testing of Piping
Specification (MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0007)

The maximum test pressure specified in the individual PMCS shall be based on factored
rated design pressure of the system. This factor shall be in accordance with the applicable
code. Should the PMC design pressure be less than flange rating, the test pressure shall be
1.5 times PMCS design pressure, adjusted as required for temperature correction.

Test pressures for each line number shall be displayed in the Line Designation Table
(sometimes called the Piping Line List).
3.3.5 Pipes
Nominal pipe sizes shall be used in accordance with ASME B36.10M and ASME B36.19M.
For tubes and GRP pipes, outside diameter sizes shall be used in accordance with the
nominated standard.

For metallic piping Impact testing requirements shall be in accordance with ASME B31.3.

The carbon content of steel shall not exceed 0.23% for ductility consideration and the
carbon equivalent shall not exceed 0.41%, for weldability considerations.

(Carbon Equivalent = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Cu+Ni)/15.

3.3.6 Flanges
Flanges and blanks for sizes up to DN600 shall be in accordance with ASME B16.5 or shall
be drilled to ASME B16.5 unless otherwise directed by special requirements of equipment.

DN650 through DN1500 steel flange dimensions and ratings shall be to ASME B16.47,
Series A. ASME B16.47, Series B may be used to mate with existing equipment or valves
provided with these flanges only.

Where the flange facing is specified as standard, the gasket contact face or surface of flanges
shall have a finish specified in ASME B16.5.

Flat face flanges shall only be used to match flat face equipment and other flanged
components (e.g. cast iron flanges, GRP flanges).

Orifice flanges shall be in accordance with ASME B16.36 and shall be supplied in pairs,
complete with jackscrews, but without bolts, gaskets or orifice plates. The minimum rating
shall be Class 300.

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 Line blinds, spacers, and spectacle blinds shall be in accordance with ASME B16.48. Gasket
contact surface finishes are the same as flanges. In general, spectacle blinds shall be used for
DN300 and smaller for Class 150 and DN200 and smaller for Class 300.

Flanges should normally be slip on or weld neck type up to Class 150. For Class 300 and
above, that are larger than DN50, only weld neck flanges shall be used. Lap joint flanges
with Carbon Steel Backing Rings shall be used for special materials where specified in the
PMCS.

For metallic flanges the raised face gasket contact surface shall be serrated spiral finish and
roughness (Ra) shall be between 3.2 µm and 6.3 max.
3.3.7 Fittings
Buttweld fittings shall conform to the material requirements of the connecting pipe.
Buttweld fittings shall conform to ASME B16.9. In general, for carbon steel DN400 and
smaller, fittings have been specified as seamless, based on availability. Buttweld elbows
shall be the long-radius type (R=1½D), unless specified otherwise.

The wall thickness of reducing tees and reducers shall correspond on each side to the wall
thickness of the mating pipe as specified in the PMCS.

Swaged nipple schedule shall be the same as that of the mating pipe.

Branch outlet fittings shall be in accordance with MSS SP-97.

Elbolets and latrolets shall not be used for branch connections unless 45 angled entries are
required for flow considerations (e.g., relief, drain headers and thermowell connections).
3.3.8 Gaskets
Full face gaskets shall be used in all flat faced flanged joints, including joints where one
flange is flat face and the other is raised face.

All gaskets shall be in accordance with ASME B16.20 and ASME B16.21. Color coding shall
be in accordance with ASME B16.20 for spiral wound gaskets.

Gasket material shall be selected to meet the requirements of the intended service and fluid
conditions.
3.3.9 Bolting
Bolt and screw threads shall be UNC for 1-inch and smaller bolt diameters and 8UN for
larger than 1-inch diameters, Class 2 fit, in accordance with ASME B1.20.1.

Machine bolts shall not be used except as jackscrews and when bolting cast iron or fiberglass
flanges. Jackscrews shall be threaded full length. The length shall be measured from the
bearing surface of the head and shall include the end point.

Stud bolts shall be threaded full length. The length of stud bolts shall be calculated such that
three full threads are exposed beyond the outer face of each nut. If hydraulic bolt tensioning
is used, a length equivalent to an additional nut thickness is required.

Where ASTM A193 Gr. B16 bolts and ASTM A194 Gr. 4 nuts are used (for high temperature
service), these shall be supplied with a project approved high temperature thread
lubricant/protective coating.
3.3.10 Jacking Screws

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 Jacking screws shall be provided for flanges DN150 and above where a line blind, spacer or
spectacle blind is to be installed. Jacking screws shall be supplied in accordance with
project standard details.
3.3.11 Blanking
Line blinds, spacers, and spectacle blinds shall be in accordance with ASME B16.48.
Circular blanks and spacers shall be used in place of spectacle blinds when the spectacle
blind weight exceeds 45 kg or when the line size is greater than DN300.

Gasket contact surface finish to be the same as for flanges

3.4 Non-Metallic Piping Materials
3.4.1 General
The Vendor/Contractor shall use only approved resin system, reinforcing glass fibers, fillers,
additives, etc., for which a proven history of performance in this particular application can
be provided. The historical data shall have been acquired from material of the same
construction and composition as the proposed product.

All fittings shall be manufactured using the same type of materials as the pipe. Alternate
valve materials such as ductile iron however, can be evaluated depending on economics and
service conditions.

Piping, fitting and valves shall conform to applicable ASTM and AWWA specifications for
the specific design conditions for each service.
3.4.2 Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) Piping
GRP piping and piping components shall conform to codes ASME B31.3, ISO 14692, BS
7159 or AWWA C 950.
3.4.2.1 Types
The product type is determined by the method of manufacture, as noted in Table 5 -1.
Table 5-1 : GRP Product Types

T Description
y
p
e

I Filament wound.

I Centrifugally cast.
I

3.3.1.1 Grades.
The product grade is determined by construction (glass-fiber-reinforced or glass-fiber-
reinforced mortar) and materials (epoxy or polyester) as per Table 5 -2.
Table 5-2 : GRP Grades

G Description
r
a
d
e

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 1 Glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy (RTRP epoxy).

2 Glass-fiber-reinforced polyester (RTRP polyester).

3 Glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy mortar (RPMP epoxy).

4 Glass-fiber-reinforced polyester mortar (RPMP polyester).

3.4.2.2 Liners.
The product-liner classification is determined by whether or not a liner is used and, if used,
whether it is a thermoplastic, reinforced, or non-reinforced thermoset. Classification of liners
is as per Table 5 -3.
Table 5-3 : GRP Liner Classifications

Liner Description

A No liner

B Thermoplastic liner.

C Reinforced thermoset liner.

D Non-reinforced thermoset liner.

The pipe inner surface layer shall be a minimum of 0.50 mm thick. This reinforced layer
shall contain less than 20% by weight of the reinforcement material.

Pipes shall be furnished in lengths that require a minimum of field joints and are satisfactory
for delivery. Where practicable, fasten fittings to the pipe sections. All pipe fittings shall
bear place marks to facilitate accurate field fit-up on each piece of joint where the line
changes direction.

All polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe and piping components shall be manufactured from a PVC
compound meeting ASTM D 1784 and ASTM D 1785 Specification for Polyvinyl Chloride
(PVC) Plastic Pipe Schedules 40, 80, and 120 or ASTM D 2241, Specification for Polyvinyl
Chloride (PVC) Plastic Pipe-Pressure Rated.
3.4.3 Pre-Stressed Concrete Pressure Pipe
All pre-stressed concrete pressure pipe and piping components shall be manufactured in
accordance with the requirements of AWWA C 301.
3.5 Service Conditions
3.5.1 Plant Life Cycle
The plant operating life shall be as specified in the Project Basis of Design. However, it
should be recognized that some piping systems subject to corrosion/erosion/scaling will
require routine maintenance or replacement during the life of the facility.
3.5.2 Design Pressure and Temperature
The design pressure and temperature of each piping system shall be as noted on the Line
Designation Table (sometimes called Piping Line List). The Lead Piping Engineer shall set
the design pressure and temperature in collaboration with the Lead Process Engineer with
due consideration of the:

 Maximum pressure expected in service

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  Maximum operating temperature expected in service

 Most severe ambient conditions

 Most severe coincidental conditions

 Relieving devices to limit pressure

 HAZOP recommendations.

The Piping Engineer shall confirm that the design pressure and temperature nominated in the
Line Designation Table (sometimes called Piping Line List) is appropriate, before assigning or
developing a PMCS. The design pressure and temperature for the piping system shall be
specified in the PMCS.
3.5.3 Allowance for Variation from Normal Operating Condition
For start-up, shutdown or abnormal operation, the pressure and temperature, or both, may be
allowed temporarily to exceed the basic design parameters, as specified in the nominated
codes.

These conditions may occur during relief valve operation, abnormal flow conditions
experienced during start-up or shutdown of equipment, equipment or instrumentation
failure, incorrect operation or radiant heat loads.

4. IDENTIFICATION OF PIPING MATERIAL CLASSES (PMC)

PMC Specifications shall be assigned identification numbers according to the coding system
described in Figure 6 -1 and Table 6 -4. PMCS numbers assigned using this coding system
identify the:

 Pressure Class

 Material Type

 Corrosion/erosion allowance (including threads).

Document Number

M D - N N N - Z Z Z Z - A A - A A - A A A - N

Code for Ma'aden

Project Code

Facility Breakdown Identifier

Department Identifier, Refer Section 7

Discipline Identifier, Refer Section 8

Document Identifier, Refer to Section 9

Figure 6-1 : PMC Numbering Mask

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CONFIDENTIAL Doc No: MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0002
 For example the third PMC for Pressure Class 600 Galvanized Carbon Steel pipe, with a
1.5 mm corrosion allowance would be assigned the PMC code CZU3 as depicted in
Figure 6 -2.

Document Number

M D - N N N - Z Z Z Z - A A - A A - A A A - N

Code for Ma'aden

Project Code
Facility Breakdown Identifier
Department Identifier, Refer Section 7
Figure 6-2 : Example of PMC Number Allocation

Table 6 -4 lists the characters to be used in constructing a PMC code.

Table 6-4: Piping Material Class Codes

Code Pressure Class Base Material Description Nom. Corrosion/

Erosion Allowance
0 (zero) 0
A 125/150 Carbon Steel 0.8 mm
B 250/300 Externally Coated Carbon Steel (U/G) 1.6 mm
C 600 Hastelloy C-276 3.0 mm
D 900 Cast Iron or Ductile/Spheroidal Graphite Iron (SGI) 4.5 mm
E 1500 6 mm
F 2500 Low Temperature Carbon Steel 3.2 mm
G GRP (Glass Reinforced Plastics)
H
I Not to be used
J Low Alloy Steel e.g. Chrome Moly (CrMo) or CMo
K Ceramic Lined and Ceramic
L Civil designed
M MONEL (Hold for requirement)
N 3.5% Ni (Hold for requirement)
O Not to be used
P 304 or 304L Dual Certified SS
Q 316 or 316L Dual Certified SS
R Lined Steel 0.25 mm
S SS other than 304 or 316 0.5 mm
T Tubing Plastic (Excluding GRP) 1.0 mm
U 1.5 mm
V 2.5 mm
W Cement Lined and Cement

PROPRIETARY & Piping Materials

Page 15 of 21
CONFIDENTIAL Doc No: MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0002
 Code Pressure Class Base Material Description Nom. Corrosion/
Erosion Allowance
X
Y Brass or Copper 2.4 mm
Z Atmospheric Galvanized Carbon Steel Other

PROPRIETARY & Piping Materials

Page 16 of 21
CONFIDENTIAL Doc No: MD-101-SMEM-EG-PI-SPC-0002
 Appendix A
Fluid Codes
Note: This section is still being developed in line with the development of the PMCSs.
This section will be updated accordingly and re-issued for review and approval.
Code Service Conditions
ABT Air Breathing
ACA Ammonium Carbamate
ACL Air, cleaned
ADV Ammonia Gaseous
AGL Liquid Ammonia
AGV Vapor Ammonia
AIB Burner Air
AID Dust Loaded Air, uncleaned
AMW Ammonia Water
APC Phosphoric Acid Concentrated Concentration = 48% w/w
APM Phosphoric Acid Medium Concentration = 40% w/w
APW Phosphoric Acid Weak Concentration = 5-40% w/w
ARS Reaction Slurry / PN Slurry
ASC Sulfuric Acid Concentrated Concentration = 98.5% w/w
ATA Atmospheric Air
BSL Brine Solution
CGL Chemical Glycol
CGS Condensate, Gas Saturated
CHA Chemical Additives
CHL Chlorine Liquid
CHM Chemical
CHW Chilled Water
CIN Chemical Injection
CLS Collector CCS502 Concentrate
COA Coating Agent
COL Collector
COO Carbon Dioxide
CPP Purified Process Condensate
CSS Caustic Soda
CUA Coloring Agent
CWR Cooling Water Return
CWS Cooling Water Supply
DEF Defoamer
DDN Domestic Drain
DFL Diesel Fuel
Code Service Conditions
DOP Open Drain
EFF Effluent
FDS Dry Fertilizer
FFC Foam Concentrate
FFR Fire Foam
FFS Foam Solution
FLG Fuel Gas
FLT Flocculants
FSA Fluorosilicic Acid
FSW Fluorosilicic Waters
GCB Carbamate Gas
GCR Cracked Gas
GCV Convert Gas
GDA Dryer Moist Air
GNN Nitrogen Gas
GPV Process Vapor Gas
GRN Refrigeration Gas
GSL Seal Gas
GSO S02/S03 Gas
GSY Synthesis Gas
GTA Tail Gas
HAH Hydrochloric Acid High Percent
HAL Hydrochloric Acid Low Percent
HPW High Pressure Water Blasting
IAS Instrument Air
KSL Kaolin and Silica Slurry
LLN Liquid Nitrogen
LSL Lime Slurry
LWA Scrubbing Liquor
MDS MDSA Solution
NAG Natural Gas
ODN Oily drain
OFL Oil Fuel
OHY Oil Hydraulic
OLB Oil Lube
Code Service Conditions
OSL Oil Seal
OWA Oil Waste
PAS Plant Air
PCO Control Oil
PDA Oil Amine
PDE Polyelectroyte
PDG Process Dry Gases With Fertilizer Dust
PDN Chemical Drain (U/G)
PRA Process Air
PSC Process Slurry Concentrate
PSF Feed Process Slurry
PSL Process Slurry, Tailings
PSU Petroleum Sulfonate
PWG Process Wet Gases With Fertilizer Dust
SAH H2SO4
SCH Steam Condensate - HP
SCL Steam Condensate - LP
SCM Steam Condensate - MP
SCS Sodium Chloride Solution
SHP Steam High Pressure
SLG Sludge
SLP Steam Low Pressure
SML Medium Pressure Steam
SMP Steam Medium Pressure
SNS Sanitary Sewer
SQM Liquid Sulfur
SSS Sanitary Sewage Sludge
SSU Saturated Start-Up Steam
STP Sodium Triopolyphosphate
STS Storm Water
SUP Steam Utility Pressure
SWR Sea Water Return
SWS Sea Water Supply
VAC Vacuum
VPC Vapor Condensate
Code Service Conditions
VPG Gas Vent and Flare
VPR Process Vapor
WAC Acidulated Water
WBB Boiler Blow Down
WBC Boiler Circulating Water
WBD Blowdown Water
WBF Boiler Feed Water
WBO Boiler Water
WCS Waste Water
WDB Demineralized Water Blow Down
WDE Raw Water Desludged
WDR Water Drain
WDS Desalinated Water
WDW Demineralized Water
WFF Water Fire (Fighting)
WFI Raw Water, Filtered
WIN Water Injection
WIR Water Irrigation
WPD Water Potable (hot or cold)
WRS Raw Water
WSW Seal Water
WPR Process/Service Water
WTW Treated Waste Water
WWD Domestic Waste Water
WWO Oily Waste Water
WWS Wash Water