a e mplete sourcebook for

the home and office

Thames & Hudson alastair fuad-Iuke

(p reface )

This book is intended to stimulate new ways of thinking
by illustrating an eco-pluralistic approach to design that
encourages peop le to tread more lightly, so that future
generations may inherit a healthy planet. This eco-
pluralism is reflected in the diverse so lutions realized
by designe rs and manu facturers represen ted in this book
from over thirty cou ntries worldwide. Certain solutions
reveal an awareness of the adapt ive strategies of nature
and the cyclicactivity of the bios phere (the living parts
of the earth) . Still others acknowledge the value of
materials and products that originate in the
technosphere (the parts of the earth that have been
synthesized by hum an techno logical expertise) . Ot her
solutions com bine the best of the biosphere and of the
technosphere in products and mater ials that can be
easily disassembled and returned to their rightful '
'sphere' at the end of their lives. Green design s are as
diverse as the people who create them , partly because
of human individuality and partly because of such factors
as geographical location, habitat , culture , socio-politico-
economic system , availabilityof natural resources
including water and other regional or local peculiarities.
An eco-pluralistic approach to design, which offers
myriad solut ions, therefore seems more fitting than
the dictatorial 'one-model-fits-all' philosoph y of so
many design movements from the twent ieth century.
Eco-pluralism is evolution and revolution. Eco-pluralist
designs range from those that em brace minor
modifications of existing products (such as the use
of recycled rather than virgin materials), throug h
radical new concepts to the com plete de materialization
of existing produ cts (making products vanish into
services).
The selectio n of products and materials for this
book is entire ly persona l, arguably idiosyncrat ic and
representing a mere fraction of reality as viewed at a
particular time. But a universal th read unifies all the
chose n products and materials . Each is an attempt to
improve on the status quo, in small or large increments,
by reducing the inherent impact of product s and
mate rials on our planet and to improve ou r socia l well-
being. In this book the future is already shown .
Unfortunately this future is unequally distributed. It is
hoped that this book will help to distribute this better ,
'greener' future more equably.

How to use this book
Each product or material is
accompanied by a caption
and a line box with allor
some of the following
icons :
" The name and
nationality of the
designer/designer-maker
(see pages 304 to 311), or
manufacturer and country
ifthe products/materials
are designed in-house (see
pages 312 to 327).
0- The name and
country of the manu-
facturer (see pages 312 to
327) or designer-maker
(see pages 304 to 311 ).
11 The main materials
and/or components
(see pages 278 to 301 for
examples of materials with
reduced environmental
impacts, i.e., ecomaterials).
,} The main eco-design
strategies applied to
the design of the product
(see pages 328 to 331).
Q. Important design
awards recognizing
eco-design (see pages 333
to 334).
The page numbers in
the line boxes permit rapid
cross -referencing and
enable the reader quickly
to find designers/designer.
makers, manufacturers,
materials and eco-design
strategies.
(Co nte nts )

Introduct ion: Design for a Sustainable Future 8

1.0 Objects for Livi ng 16

1.1 Furniture 19
Seating 19

Tables 54
Shelving and Storage 60

Multifunctional 70
Miscellaneous 80

8
86
92
1° 7
Portable 110

Bulbs and Accessories 112

1.3 A p- p-;,.,Ii;,.,a;,.,
n;,.,
c e.;.;s~ ........
11 4;r,
Food Preparation 114
Cleaning 117
Coolin 121

12 4

..~
-"1

" -, ~f _
154

1 57
"
16 0

1.] Other Domestic Products 169

Decorative Objects 169

Waste Disposa l 173

Kitchen Utensils 175
Miscellaneous 178
2 .0 Objects for Working

Lights 195
Furniture 196
Consum ables 2°5
Electronics 2°7

Air
Water

Pu blic S E;.;a:.;;;ce;;;.;s;;.... .=::.,~

~ rn ~ re 2~

Energy Generat ion 251

Water Conservation - 262

Batteries and Accessories 268

Miscellaneous 270

4 .0 Resources 302
Technos p'~h~e~re~ -=
292
Hard 292 Designers, Designer-makers 304
Intermediate/ soft 296 Manufactu rers and Supp liers 312
Finishes 298 Eco-Design Strategies 327
Textiles 300 Green O rganizat ions 331
Glossary 339
Further Read ing 342
Index 344
---)
Introduction
(Design for a Sustainable Future )
Nearly forty years ago Rachel Carson , in her seminal book
Silent Spring, documented the devastating effects of
pesticide use on mammal s and birds in the USA. Today
traces of organo-phos phorus pest icides are found in
organism s throughout the globe, including in hum an beings.
At the 1967 UNESCO Intergovernmental Conference for
Rational Use and Conservation of the Bi osphe re, the concept
of ecologicallysustainable developm ent was first mooted.
Paul Ehrlich's 1968 book, The Population Bomb , linked
human population growth, resource degradation and the
environment and pondered the carrying capacity of the
planet. By 1973 the Club of Rome , in its controversial report,
Limits to Growth, was predicting dire consequences for the
world if economic growth was not slowed down. This report
accuratelypredicted that the world population would reach
six billion by the year 2000, although its more frighten ing
predictions of the exhaust ion of resou rces such as fossil
fuels were less accurate. Such warnings were, by and large,
ignored, with the result that during the last thirty years
peop le have continued to poison the planet with pesticides
and othe r toxic chemicals, which has led to the destru ction
of ecosystems and the extinction of many species. More
recently people have realized that they too are now
threatened by huma n actions . Unfettered use of the internal
combust ion engine and the burning of fossil fuels to
generate electrical power have catalyzed action on climate
change . Significant minorities in different places around the
globe face t he real risk that the land on which they depend
will be inundated by rising sea-levels.
In 1950 the world car fleet numbered fifty million
vehicles and global fossil fuel use was 1,715 millions of
tonnes of oil equivalent. Today the re are over five hundred
million vehicles and cons umpt ion of fossil fuels exceeds
8,000 million tonnes of oil equivalent. For allthe individual
freedom it confers, the car is making a huge collective
negative impact on the environme nt, specifically the balance
of gases , particulate matter and carcinoge ns in the
atmos phere. For every one of the millions of products we
use to 'improve' the qualityof our lives there are associated
environmental impacts. While some products have s mall a
environme ntal impact, others cons ume finite resour ces in
vast quantities.
The ultimate design challenge of the twenty-first
century is to avoid or minimize the adverse impacts of all
products on the environment. Li ke all challenges, this
constitutes both a dem and and an opportunity - to stee r the
debate on more sustainable pattern s of production and
cons umption. Designers need to be an integral part of the
debate rather than remain on the fringe or be subject to the
whim of the political and commercial forces of the day.
A briefhistory of green design '
Green design has a long pedigree and before the Industrial
Revolution it was the norm for many cultures. Goods such
as furniture and utility items tended to be made locally
by craftsmen s uch as blacksmith s, wheelwrights and
woodland workers, from readily available local resources.
Innovation in farming machinery in Europe, particularly
Britain, destabilized the natural employment structure of
rural areas and in the first half of the ninetee nth century
almost half of the rural population in Britain migrated to
towns to work in factories. Throughout the twentieth
century this pattern was repeated around the world as
countries indu strialized and created new urban centres.
The founders of the British Arts and Crafts
movement (1850-19 14) were quick to note the
environmenta l degradation associa ted with the new
industries. Their concerns about the poor quality of
many mass-manufactu red goods and the associa ted
environmenta l damage prompt ed them to examine new
metho ds combining inherently lower impact with increased
production. For various social and technica l reasons ,
onlya sma ll sectio n of society reaped the benefits of the
Arts and Crafts movement but the seeds were sown for
developm ent of the earlymodernist movements in
Plaky tabledesigned byChristopher Connell (see p.56)
- - - -)
Introduction
Europe, nota bly in Ge rma ny (th e Deut sche We rkbun d and
late r t he Bau hau s) , Austr ia (the Seces s ion a nd t he Wiene r
We rkstatte) and t he Neth erlan ds (De Stijl). The mod ern ist s
ins iste d th at th e fo rm of an o bject had to su it its funct ion
an d th at sta nda rdized s im ple form s faci lita ted th e mass-
prod uction of goo d-q ual ity, du rable goo ds at an afforda ble
price, thu s contributi ng to so cia l reform .
Econ omy of m at erial a nd energy use we nt ha nd in
hand wit h funct io nalis m an d modern ism. Marcel Breu er ,
an em inen t st ude nt at th e Bauha us between 1920 a nd 1924 ,
applied new lightwe igh t st ee l t ubin g to furn iture desig n,
arr iving at his ce lebr ated Wassi ly a rmc ha ir a nd B-32
ca ntilever chai r. Breu er's 1927 es say , ' Metal Furnit ure',
co nveys his en t hus ias m fo r the m at erials a nd reveals his
green credentials. He saw th e o ppo rtun ity to rationa lize
an d stand ardize co m po ne nts , allowing th e pro d uct ion of
'flat-pack' chairs th at co uld be reassem bled (a nd so sav e
on tr an sp ort e ne rgy) a nd were du rab le a nd inexpen s ive
. (a nd so help im prove th e lives of th e m asses) .
The ea rly pro po nents of o rga nic de s ign prom oted a
holistic approac h, borr owing from natu re's ow n m od el of
com po nen ts within systems. In t he USA t he architect
Frank Llo yd Wright was th e first to blend t he functio nal ity
of buildin gs, inte rio rs a nd furn itur e into one co nce pt.
In t he 1930 S th e Finn ish arch itec t and des igner Alvar Aalto
also ach ieved a syn ergy betwee n the built e nvironme nt a nd
his curvilinea r be nt plywood furniture tha t evo ked nat ura l
rhythm s. At a landm ark com pet ition and exhibition in 194 2,
en tit led Organic De sign for Ho me Furnis hings, orga nized
by t he Museum of Modern Art, New Yo rk, the winne rs,
Cha rles Eame s an d Eero Saa rine n, firm ly estab lished t heir
bio mo rphic plywood furnit ure as a mea ns of satisfyi ng t he
ergo nom ic and emotiona l nee ds of th e user. Th ese des igns
often incor po rated lam inated woo d or plywood to obta in
more st ructu ral st rengt h wit h greater eco no my. With the
rapid evolu tion of new m ateria ls s uch as plastics in th e
1960s and 1970S mo re am bitious exp ress ions of
biomorphism were ach ieved.
Ironica lly, o ne of th e early advoca tes of a more
sustaina ble des ign philosophy, Richar d Buckm inst e r Fuller,
orig inate d from the USA, a co untry renowned for bot h
prolific production and co nsumption. O ne of Buckmin ster
Fuller's early ven tures, the Stockade Building Syste m,
established a met ho d of wall construction us ing cem ent with
waste wood shavi ngs. Building inspectors of t he day d id not
approve of this innovatio n and the vent ure fad ed . Not easi ly
to be dete rred, he soon se t up a new des ign com pan y, 4-D,
whose name ma kes reference to the co nse quence (to
humanity) of 3-D objects over t ime . ' Dymaxio n' was the term
he coined fo r products that gave maximu m human benefit
from m inima l use of materials an d energy. His 192 9
Dymaxion hou se, late r develo ped as a co m me rcial produ ct
in t he meta l prefab ricated Wichita ho use (1 945). a nd 1933
teardro p-s ha ped Dymaxio n ca r we re bot h rad ical design s.
The ca r had a ca pacity of up to a dozen ad ults, fuel
co ns um ption of i o.ykm/l itre (30mpg) and t he ability to t urn
within its ow n lengt h th ank s to t he arra ngeme nt of t he thr ee
whee ls. Rem arkable as it was , t he car wa s plagued with
serious de sign fau lts and never becam e a com me rcial reality.
The Wichita hou se cou ld have been a run away com mer cia l
su cces s as nea rly forty thousa nd or de rs po ure d in but delays
in refining th e desi gn led to t he co llapse of t he co m pany.
Buckmin st er Fuller pe rseve red and in 194 9 de velo ped a
new meth od of co nst ruction based o n lightwe igh t polygon s.
The geo des ic dom e was suita ble for do mestic dwellings
o r m ultipurp ose us e and its co m po nents we re readily
t ran s ported, eas ily e rected and reu sabl e. His legacy inspired
new endeavo u rs s uch as the Eden Project , nea r St Austell
in Corn wall, UK (20 01), in which t he wo rld's lar gest bio mes
hou se eighty t housand pla nt s pec ies from t ro pical to
tem perate clim ates .
From 1945 to t he mid-1950 S mo st of Euro pe s uffered
fro m s ho rtag es of mat erials a nd en e rgy su pplies. Th is
a us terity en cou raged a rationa lization of de si gn s um me d up
in t he axiom ' less is more '. The 1951 Festival of Britain
breath ed o ptim is m into a de pre ssed s ociety a nd prod uced
so me ce lebrate d design s includin g Ernes t Race's Ante lope
cha ir, which used t he minimum amo unt of stee l rod in a
lightwe ight cu rviline ar frame.
During th e 1950 S Europ ean m anufact urer s s uch as
Fiat, Cit roe n a nd British Leyla nd exto lled the virtu es of th e
s ma ll ca r. Economica l to bu ild, fuel-efficient (by sta ndards
of t he day) a nd acc ess ible to huge m ass m arkets , t hese
ca rs t ran sfo rm ed th e lives of alm os t nine million ow ners .
By co nt rast, th e gas-guzz ling, he avyweight , s ho rtlived Buicks,
Cadillacs an d Chevrolet s of Ameri ca may have celebrate d
Ame rican o pti mis m but we re th e very an tit hesis of gree n
des ign .
The hippie m oveme nt ofthe 1960 s qu est ion ed
co nsumerism a nd drew on various back-to-nat ure th em es,
ta king ins piration from t he dwe llings a nd lives of nom ad ic
peopl es. Do-it-yo urself des ign books sat alongsi de
publications s uch as The Whole Earth Catalog, a so urce
boo k of self-s ufficie ncy advice and too ls that is still
pro d uced annuall y. O ut of th is e ra emerged t he 'a lternative
tech nologist s ' who enco uraged the application of
approp riate levels of tech no logy to t he provis ion of bas ic
needs s uch as fres h water, san itat ion, energy and food for
po pulations in developing countries. And with in Euro pe
young des igners expe rime nted with new forms us ing
recycled ma ter ials a nd exam ined a lte rna tive syste ms
of design , prod uction and sa les .
 In 1971 the rumblings of the first energy crisis were felt
and by 1974, when the price of a barrel of oil hit an all-time
high, the technologists began designing products that
consumed less energy and so decreased reliance on foss il
fuels. This crisis had a silver lining in the form of the first
rational attempts to examine the life of a product and its
conse quent ene rgy requirements. Lifecycle analysis (LCA),
as it became known, has since been developed further into
a means of examini ng the 'cradle to grave' life of produ cts
to dete rmine not on lyenergy and mater ial input s but also
associated en vironm ental impacts .
In his 1971 book, Designf ort he Real World, Victor
Papanek confronted the design profession head on,
demanding that they face their social responsibilities instead
of selling out to commercial interests. Although he was
pilloried by mos t design establ ishments of the day, his book
was translated into twenty-on e languages and remains one
of the most wide ly read books on design. Papanek believed
that designers could provide everything from s im ple,
'appr opriate technology' solutions to objects and systems
for commun ity or society use .
By the 1980s three factors, imp roved environmenta l
legislation, greater public awareness of environme nta l issues
and private-secto r com petition, ensured that 'green
consu mers' became a visible force. In the UKin 1988 John
Elki ngton and Julia Hailes wrote The Green Consumer Guide,
which was purchased by millions of people keen to
understand the issues and exercise their 'cons umer power'.
Designers and manufact urers applied themselves to the task
of making their prod ucts 'environmentally friendly', not
always with genuine zeal or success . Unsub stantiated claims
on product labels soo n disillusioned an already sceptical
public and green design got buried in an avalanche of
market-driven, environmentallyunfriendly products from
the emergin g capita list-driven 'g lobal eco nomy'. Then t he
pendu lum swung back, resulting in more stringent
environment al legislation, greater regulation and more
uptake of eco-labelling, energy labels and environmenta l
management stan dards .
Against the grain of the high-tech, mart-black 1980s,
a few nota ble designer-make rs blended post-modernism
with low environ mental-imp act materials and recycled
or sa lvaged com ponents. In London Ron Arad produced
eclectic works ranging from armchairs made from old car
seat s to stereo cas ings of reinforced cast concrete; while
Tom Dixon created organic chair forms using welded stee l
rod covered with natural-rush seating, a des ign that is still
manufactured by Cappellini SpA, Ita ly, today.
The green design debate gathered momentum
following the pu blication of the Brundtland Report, Our
Common Future, prepared by the World Commission on
l _
Introduction
Environment and Development in 1987, which first defined
'sustainable development', and also as a result of
collaborative work between governments, industry and
academia . Dorothy McKenzie's 1991 book, Green Design,
reported initiatives by individual designers and the corporate
world to tackle the real impact of products on the
environme nt.
In the early 1990S in the Netherlands, Philips
Electron ics, the Dutch governme nt and the University of
TU Delft collaborated to develop lifecycle analysis that
could be widely used by all designers, especially those in
the industrial secto r. Their /D EM AT LCA softwa re provided
single eco- ind icators to 'measure' the overall impact of a
product. ID EMA Twas rapidly followed by th ree commercial
options, EcoScan, Eco-lt and a higher-grade package,
SimaPro. Today there are tens of different LCA and lifecycle
inventory (LCI) packages, which can help designers
minimize the impact of their des igns from cradle to grave.
Over the last ten years academic communities
arou nd the world have evolved new term inology to descri be
particular types of ,green' design, such as Design for
environment (DfE) , DIX- where Xcan be asse mbly,
disassembl y, reuse and so on - eco-efflciency, ecodesign
and EcoReDesign. (Refer to the Glossary for full definitions
of these terms .)
Alon g with the sus ta ina ble-deve lopmen t debate has
come the concept of sustainable product design (SPD).
Most definitions ofS PD embra ce the need for des igners
to recognize not onlythe environme nta l impact of the ir
designs over time but their social and ethical im pacts too.
Buckminster Fuller and Papanek would recogn ize the issues
but perhaps wonde r why it took so lon g for t he design
commun ity at large to take them up.
Our imperilled planet
Twe nty-fi ve per cent of the world's popu lation of six billion
people accoun t for eighty per cent of global energy use,
ninety per cent of car use and eighty- five per cent of
chemical use. By 2050 there may be up to twenty billion
peop le on the planet, ten times more than at the beginning
of the twent ieth century. Scientists estimate tha t human
act ivities to date have bee n res ponsible for increases in
atmos pheric temp erature of between 1.5 and 6 Celsius
degree s (2.9- 10.8 Fahrenhe it degrees). Global warming
on an unpr eceden ted scale has melted ice caps and
permafrost, with consequent rises in sea-level by up to
60 centimet res (zft).
It is not an equable world. A typical consumer from the
developed ' North' cons umes between ten and twenty times
more resources than a typical consumer from the developing
®
_ _~J
Introduction
'Sout h'. Both types of con sumer can s usta in the ir lives but
the qu ality of those lives is s ubstantially different. Almost
one billion people suffer from povert y, hunger or water
shortages. At present rates of prod uction and co nsum pt ion
the eart h can sustai n two billion people at 'Northe rn'
stan da rds of living. Could it su pport twenty billion people
at 'Southern ' standards of living? O r is there an urgent need
to ad dress the way ' No rthern' populations consume and
examine the true imp act of each product's life?
The im pact of global production and consumption
Between 1950 a nd 1997 the prod uction of wo rld grain tripled,
wo rld fe rtilizer use increased nearly te nfold, th e a nnua l
glo ba l catc h of fis h increased by a factor of five and global
wate r use ne arly tr ipled . Fossil-fuel usage qu ad rupled and
the world car fleet increased by a factor of ten . During the
sa me period destruction of the envir onment pro gressed
on a m assive scale. There was a reducti on in biodiversi ty.
Fo r exampl e, the world elephant pop ulation decreased
from six million to just 600,000 and tota l tro pical rainforest
cove r decreased by twenty -five pe r cent. Average globa l
temperature rose from 14 .86"C to 15.32"C (58.75-59 .58"F),
largely owing to an increase in ca rbo n d ioxide emiss ions
from 1.6 billion tonnes per annum in 1950 to 7 billio n tonnes
in 1997. CFC (chlo rofluo rocarbon) concentrations rose
from zero to three part s per billion, caus ing holes in the
protectiv e ozone layer at the North and South poles.
In the North owne rshi p of such products as refrigerators
an d te levision s has reac hed almos t all households. More than
two in t hree househo lds own a washing mach ine a nd a car .
The North is indeed a mat erial world . It also generates huge
qua ntities of was te. Accordi ng to The Green Consumer Guide,
even back in 1988 an ave rage British per son gen erat ed two
du stbi ns of waste each week, used two trees a year in the
form of pape r and boa rd and disposed of 90 drink s ca ns,
70 food ca ns , 35 petfood cans, 10 7 bott les and jars and 45kg
(99Ib) of plast ics . By 2000 loca l authorities in Britain we re
recycling on ave rage onl y twen ty-five per cent of domestic
wa ste a nd suc h valuable resources as glass, metal and
plas tics we re s hame fully neglected by d is posal in land fill
site s o r incineratio n. Furt hermore , landfill sites gen e rate
methane an d con t ribute to th e acc um ulatio n of gree nhouse
gas es an d risin g glob al te mp eratures.
The big environmenta l iss ues
In 1995 the European Environment Agency defined the key
environme ntal issues of the day as: climate cha nge, ozone
depletion , acidificatio n of soi ls a nd surfa ce water, air
pollut ion a nd qua lity, was te man agem ent, urban iss ues,
inla nd wate r resources, coas tal zon es an d mar ine wate rs,
risk manage me nt (of man ma de a nd nat ural dis ast er s) , so il
®
quality and biodiversity. Recogn ition tha t the planet was
fast reaching a perilous state galvanized 172 governments
to gather in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992 for the United
Nations Conference on Environment an d Develop ment.
The ac hievements of the 'Ea rth Summit' we re co nsidera ble.
The Rio Declarat ion on Environment and Deve lop m ent
set forth a series of principles defin ing the rights an d
responsibilities of states, a comprehensive blueprint for
global action called Agenda 21 was published , gu idelines
for the management of sustainable forests (Forest
Principles) we re set and the UN Co nve ntio n on Biodive rsity
a nd the UN Fram ework on Climate Change (UNFCC) were
ratified . The co nference se t th e fou nda tions for es ta blishing
the UN Commi ssion for Sustainable Deve lo pm ent
(UNCSD) , which produces annua l progress reports,
and adopted the Precautionary Principle, which states
that 'lack of full scientific certa inty sh all not be used as a
reason for postponing cost -effective m ea s ure s to pre vent
en vironmental degradation '.
Europe's cutting-edge en vironmental legislation
In 1972 t he t he n members of the European Eco no m ic
Community (now the European Union), recogni zing that
environmental damage transgresse s nat iona l boundaries,
agreed that a common transnation al policy was requ ired in
Europe . Since then the European output of legislation and
regulatory measures to combat environmental de gradation
has bee n pro lific.
Regulations passed by th e Europea n Counci l beco me
effective law for a ll mem ber sta te s immediately, whereas
directives, which are also legally bindin g, do not come into
force in the member states until carried into nat ional law by
ind ivid ual gove rnme nts . Important legislative ad vance s
includ e th e Directive on Con serv ation of w ild Birds 1979,
th e Directive on the Asse ssment of the Effects of Certa in
Pub lic a nd Private Projects o n the Environment 1985, the
Direct ive on the Conservatio n of Natura l Habitats and
Wild Flora and Fauna 1992 and the Directive on Integrated
Pollut ion Preventi on and Control (IPPC) 199 6. A ran ge of
other direct ives is of great relevan ce to m anufacturers and
de sig ners , including o n vehicles , electr onic equ ipment,
toxic and d angerous was te an d pac kaging a nd pac kag ing
waste. The effect of the se regulat ions is felt well beyond
Europe , as tra nsglobal co m pa nies manufacturing car s,
ele ctroni c goods , packag ing and chem ical products have
to meet these st ringent sta nda rds .
Europ e's collab orat ive effort s to int roduce
en vironm ental legislat ion a nd regulation provide a model
to oth er regions of th e wo rld for intern at io nal coo pe ration,
for exam ple, Nort h America and the 'Tiger' eco nom ies
of South-east Asia (ASEAN).
The real lives ofproducts
Freedom and death
The car is the ultimate symbol of personal freedom for the
twentieth century. It confers unending choices for the user
but condemns many to death, directly as accident victims
and indirectly as the recipients of pollutants causing asthma
(from particulate matter), brain damage (from lead) and
ca nce r (from carcinogens) . It also contributes towards
climate change via emissions of carbon dioxide, marine
pollution in the event of oil tanker spillage or accidents,
an d noise pollution. Most societies feel tha t the personal
free dom outweighs the collective price but rece ntly several
Europ ea n cities such as Paris and Milan have banned cars
o n se lected days .
One-way trip
Som e products lead s hort, miserable lives, desti ned for a
one-way t rip between th e retai l s he lf and burial in a landfill
site. Packaging produc ts are the prime exam ple of one-t rip
products but there a re man y ot he rs - kitc he n appliances,
furniture, ga rde n acc essories a nd a ll th e paraph ern alia of
the mod ern wo rld.
Everyday products quietly killing
Qu ietly humm ing away in the corner of millio ns of kitchens
wor ldwide is t he hu m ble refrigerator. It protects by keeping
food fresh , but it is a killer too. Coola nts us ing CFCs
(chlorofluo rocarb ons) o r HCFCs (hydroc hlorofluorocarbo ns)
are t he main cul prits in precipitating rapid degradatio n
of the layer of ozone gas, which keeps out harm ful radiation
from space. Not only are there s ubstantial seasonal
hole s in the ozone layer at the North and Sou th poles
but t he layer has thinned considerably in other parts
of t he world . Thu s inhabitants receive higher doses of
rad iation with an increased risk of contracting skin
afflictio ns a nd cancer.
Everyd ay inefficient products
The efficiency of prod ucts th at have become a way of
life need s to be cha llenge d co ntinua lly.The Europ ean eco-
labe l for was hing machines lays down th resh old values
for energy co ns u m pt ion of 0.2 4 kWh pe r kilogram an d
water co ns um ption of 15 litres pe r kilogram of cloth es
(1.5ga1sjlb) . Yet on ly a few co mp a nies apply fo r thi s eco -Iabe l
and man y European ret ailers se ll m achin es th at do not
meet the sta nda rds, eve n thou gh they obvio us ly have
the techn ological mea ns to do so. Failure to apply the
be st techn ology avai lable mean s unn ecessa ry dai ly
con su mptio n of massive q ua ntities of electric ity
and wate r.
l
Occasional use
Introduction _
The deve lo ped world's preoccupatio n with DIY home
imp rovements means that each household owns specialist
tools, such as electric drills and screwdrivers, which are
rarely used .
Novelties and g immicks
Many of the products available through mail order
catalogues are in fact gimm icks that will do no more
than provide temporary amusement.
Small but dangerous
Many small electronic devices, such as personal
stereos and mobile phones , have a voracious appetite for
batt eries. While more devices are offere d these days
with recha rgeable batteries , the older models still consign
mi llions of batteries to landfill sites, where cadmi um ,
mercu ry an d ot he r toxic su bs tances acc umulate .
In th e European Unio n th e d isposal of certai n battery
types is illega l but in m any pa rts of th e wo rld it
co ntinues unabated .
Industry visions and reality
Although th e was tage of res our ces as soc iated with the
planned obso lesce nce in t he US car ind us try in th e 1950S
is no lon ge r tole rated , t he lifet ime of th e ave rage family
vehicle remai ns less than ten years. Furt herm ore, the
global car ind ustry is geared up to keep adding to the
existing five hun dre d m illion ca rs worldwide at th e sam e
level of prod uctio n. More fuel-efficient ca rs tha t ca n
be d isassemb led at the end of thei r lives have bee n
produced an d some are already on the market, but many
manufacturers will not roll out th is tec hnology into new
mod els until they have extracted the ret urns o n their capital
investment in cu rrent mo dels . Moreover, most a re
co ncerned to maintain their ma rket share by provid ing
cus to mers with choice, often in th e form of fuel-inefficie nt,
presti ge or luxury ca rs.
Both hard ware and softwa re co m pa nies a re obsessed
with dou bling the spee d of person al co m pute rs every
e ightee n months as ch ip techn ology co ntinues its me teo ric
de velopm ent. Users are se duce d into buying faster
mach ines eve n th ough they use o nly a s mall fraction of
the computin g power available. Bas ic fun ct ion ality, s uch
as bein g a ble to adjust th e height of a mon itor o r arran ge
a keyboard to s uit individ ua l need s, re mains inadequate.
Yet the computer indu st ry co njures up a visio n of a future
in which we ca n programme o ur ho use to coo k th e dinne r
before we a rrive back from wo rk, of a wired -up 'info rmatio n
age' in which everyone has access to t he Inte rnet. The reality
is that ninety-fou r per cent of the wo rld's po pulation does
®
Int roduction
not have access to the Internet. The building of ever bigger
and faster networks and workstations involves considerable
consumption of finite resources and the use of toxic
substances during manufacture and disposal.
The bra nd thing
Companies with internationally recognized bran ds aspire
to increase their market share in individual natio ns in order
to claim wo rld do m inance. Expectatio n, in the for m of the
bra nd promise, often de livers a t rans ient moment of
sa tisfaction for the purchaser. Whatever happened to
products that were guarantee d to 'last a lifetime? Where is
the long view in the compan ies that sell these brands? The
big brands have the potential to reduce the environmental
impact of their activit ies , but not if they pers ist in
encouraging their customers to consume more, not less .
Moving commerce towardsustainability
Evolving environment management systems (EMS)
The flagsh ip international sta ndar d th at e nco urages
organizations to exami ne thei r ove rall environmental
impact arising from pro duction (but not the im pact of
the ir prod ucts during usage) is 1501 40 01 compiled by
the International Standards Organization in Geneva,
Switzerland. Companies that achieve this independently
certified EMS have integrated management systems into
their business to reduce enviro nmental im pacts d irectly
and have agreed to pub lication of an annual e nvironmental
report from an aud ited baseli ne, so red uctions in im pact
ca n be measured . Ot he r indep end en tly certified standa rds
exist, suc h as the Eco-Ma nage me nt and Audit Sche me
(EMAS) for compa nies in EU mem ber sta tes.
S us ta inab le productio n and consumption
In 1995 the World Business Council for Sustainable
Development (WBCSD), a coalition of 120 international
companies committed to the principles of economic
growth and sustainable development, published a report
entitled Sustainable Production and Consumption: A
Business Perspective. It defined sustainable production
and consumption as 'invo lving business, government,
communities and households co nt ributing to environmenta l
quality through t he efficient prod uction and use of nat ural
reso urces , th e m inimization of wastes and the o ptim izat ion
of products and services '. The United Nat ions Com mission
on Sustainable Development (UNCSD) , formed at Rio in
1992, sees the role of bus iness as cru cial since it requires the
integratio n of environmental criteria into purchasing policies
(green procurement) , the des ign of more efficient products
and services , including a longer lifes pan for durable goods,
better after-sales service, increased reuse and recycling
and the promotion of more sustainable consumption by,
improved product info rmatio n and by the positive use of
advertising and marketing. This represents an important
change in the way businesses operate.
Model solutions
WBCSD mem be rs are e nco uraged to ado pt measur es
to im prove their eco-efficiency, th at is, greater reso urce
produ ctivity, by maximizing the (financia l) value added
per un it of resource inp ut. This means providing more
consumer performance an d value from fewer resources
an d producing less waste. Amory Lovins et al of the Rocky
Mountain Institute in the USA proposed the concept of
' Factor 4' - a doubling of production using half the existing
resources, with a conseq uent doubling of the quality of life.
Researchers at the Wupperta l lns tit ute in Ger m an y find
Facto r 4 inadequ ate to deal with the expected do ub ling
o r tr eblin g of wo rld pop ulation by 2050 and so propose
' Facto r 10' as a more appropriate model for the develop ed
Nort h to achieve eq uab le use of reso urces fo r popul ation s
in the No rth and deve loping South.
Another mo del tha t is finding favou r with busi ne ss is
ca lled 'The Natural Ste p' (TNS). It sets out four basic
'system conditions' for businesses to adopt. First, su bstances
from the earth 's crust, the lithosphere, must not be extracted
at a greater rate than th ey can reacc umulate - thus there
must be less relian ce on 'virgin' raw materials. Secon d,
manmade su bsta nce s must not systematically increase but
shou ld be biodegrada ble a nd recyclable. Third, th e physica l
basis for th e produ ctivity an d d iversity of nature mu st not
be syste mat icallydimini sh ed - ren ewab le resour ces m ust
be m aintained a nd ecosyste m s kept hea lthy. Fourth , we
must be fa ir an d efficien t in mee ting basic hu m a n need s -
resou rces s houl d be s ha red in a more eq ua ble mann er.
Companies as diverse as car pet manufacturers, wate r
suppliers and house builde rs have taken up TNS.
Early adopters and new business models
International companies from Europe, the USA and Japan
are exploring new business models that take a long view
enmeshed with the concept of sustaina ble develop ment.
Fo r exam ple, Mitsubishi co ns ide red th e eco logy of th e
tro pical rainfo rest system, which is highly produ ctive in
terms of biom ass on a fixed amo unt of nutritio na l reso urces .
Waste becomes other organisms ' foo d in the rainforest.
Mitsubish i mimic th is ecology by ensuring their industrial
system meets eco-efficient parameters. Where possible
waste should be consumed within the company. This model
could be extended to ensure that materials are returned to
the manufacturer at the end of their lives, keeping the
materials in a closed loop and ensuring that the
manufacturer retains control of these resources. At the
same time, consumers should be discouraged from buying
products and instead encou raged to lease product services.
Philips Electronics in the Netherlands produced
two publications, Vision of the Future (1 996) and LaCasa
Prossima Futuro - The Home of the Near Future (1 999 ),
the latter being also the title of an exhibition at the Milan
International Furniture Fair in April 1999. Among factors
considered were the role of electronic equipment , the
introduction of networks and wireless equipment in the
home, changing social needs and interactive products .
Ecodesign is integrated into existing design, production
and development and innovation processes .
Similarly, the UK-based international oil compan y,
British Petroleum pic, once a compan y whose revenue
derived solelyfrom fossil-fuel products, has now
repositioned itself as one of the world's leading energy
compa nies and is a keymanufactu rer of solar panels
and solar-powered systems .
Designers save the earth
Designers actuallyhave more potent ial to slow
environmental degradation than economists, politicians,
businesses and even environmenta lists. The power of
designers is catalytic. Once a new, more environmentally
benign design penetrates markets its beneficial effects
multiply. Businesses spend less on raw materials and
production and so realize better profits, users enjoy more
efficient, better-value products , governments reduce
spending on regulatory enforcement and the net gain is
an improved environment and quality of life. The vivid
examples in this book demonstrate the capabilityof design,
and hence des igners, to shape the future and save the earth.
A robust tool kit
Today's designer has a powerful array of tools to assist
him/her to meet the challenge of reducing environmental
impacts at the design stage, such as simple checklists,
impact matrices, lifecycle matrices, eco-wheels, Ufecycle
Inventory (LCI) and Ufecycle Analysis (LCA) software.
Checklists can be found in the publications included in
Further Reading (p. 346) and a full list of organizations
and agencies offering information and software to
assist designers is given in the Green Organizations
section (p. 332).
l~
A manifestof oreco-pluralistic design ...
_
Introduction
designs that treadlightly on the planet
The thoughtful designer of the twenty-first century will
design with integrity, sens itivity and compassion. He/she
willdesign products/materials/s ervice products that are
sustainable , i.e. they serve human needs without depleting
natural and man made reso urces, without damage to the
carrying capacity of ecosystems and without restricting the
options available for present and future generations. An eco-
pluralistic designer will:
1. Design to satisfY real needs rather than trans ient,
fashionable or market-driven needs.
2. Design to minimize the ecologicalfootprint of the
product/material/service product, i.e., reduce resource
consumption , including energy and water.
3. Design to harnesssolarincome (sun, wind, water or sea
power) rather than use non-renewable natura l capital
such as fossil fuels.
4. Design to enable separation of components of the
product/ mate rial/service product at the end of life in
order to encourage recycling or reuse of materials
and/or components.
5. Design to exclude the use of substancestoxicor hazardous
to human and other forms of life at all stages of the
product/material/service product's lifecycle.
6. Design to engender maximum benefitsto the intended
audience and to educate the client and the user and
thereby create a more equable future.
7. Design to use locally available materials and resources
wherever poss ible (thinking globallybut acting locally) .
8. Design to exclude innovation lethargy by re-examining
original assumptions behind existing concepts and
products/ materials/ service products .
9. Design to dematerialize products into services wherever
feasible.
10. Design to maximize a product/material/service product's
benefits to communities.
11 . Design to encourage modularity in design to permit
sequent ial purchases, as needs require and funds
permit, to facilitate repair/reuse and to improve
functionality. -
12. Design to foster debate and challenge the status quo
surround ing existing products/ materials/serv ice
products.
13. Publish eco-pluralistic designs in the public domain for
everyone's benefit, especia lly those designs that
commerce will not manufacture.
14. '.Design to create more sustainable products/materials/
service products for a more sustainable future.
.. . )

»
••
. •
'.

•
1.6 Leisure and Recreation 154
::=~~~~--.-::~
1.7 Other Domestic Products 169
Introduction
( Living or Lifestyles )
In a media-driven world,
where brands promise a
lifestyle guaranteed to
satisfy your desires , it is
difficultto step back and
honestly appraise your real
needs for living. The word
'lifestyle' implies not just a
wayof lifebut also choice.
For many people around
the globe lifestyle choices
are simply not available,
as the basic needs of life -
clean water, clean air,
sufficient food, shelter and
medical care - are absent.
In today's global economy
international brands, such
as Coca-Cola soft drinks
and Nike trainers, rub
cheek byjowl with locallyor
nationallymade products.
Designers need to
reappraise their role in the
production of fashionable
lifestyle products or at least
strive to minimize the
impact of these ephemera l
goods, by concentrating on
durable, multi-user, multi-
purpose designs .
Esse ntial products
The car has become the
ultimate symbol of our
freedom to move around ,
yet this 'impact-use'
product, which only twenty
per cent of the world's
population own, impinges
on the collectivefreedom
of all people to enjoy clean
air and unpolluted water.
Over the last twenty-five
years the fuel efficiency
of the average car has
improved onlyeighteen
per cent. The car is a
classic example of design
innovation lethargy. Only
a paradigm shift in the
des ign of cars will remove
@
)
the environmenta l burden
of this product. But this
must also be accompanied
by more innovation in
alternative modes of
mobility. Improvements
in personal modes of
transport - the push
scooter, bicycleand
motorbike or scooter-
must be accompanied
by radical improvements
in systems of public
transport, such as the
provision of flexible
mobility paths for
individual and group
users.
With increasing reliance
on electronic equipment
and networks to deliver
information, to control
t hird-party equipment
remotely and to enterta in,
it is possible to reduce
mobility needs . Yetagain
a small proportion only of
the world's population is
wired in to the information
networks such as the
Internet or cable TV.
Furthermore, building
and maintaining the
infrastructure of the
information superhighway
requires vast physical
resources, including
metals, chemicals and
electricity. Virtual moments
may provide some of
the needs for some of
the world's population
for some of the time
but the real cost to the
environment and societies
still needs computing.
Each individual requires
different products to
sustain life. Aside from
the essential physical
resources, humans
need 'comfort' products
to achieve a levelof
emotional, spiritual and
social well-being. These
products may permit or
provide improved mobility,
specialist recreational
activities, communal
meeting-places or spiritual
contemplation . Since
comfort products tend be
used over a longish time,
rather than being
ephemeral, the design
parameters can em brace
durability and therefore
judicious use of resources.
Living lightly-
a sustainable day
As the products in th is
section illustrate, it is
possible to tread more
lightly on the planet, to
consume and waste less,
yet to maintain or even
improve the quality of life.
A dou ble responsibi lityfalls
on the developed countries
of the North. The North
must rapidlyevolve more
sustainab le patterns of
consumption and
production. Further, the
North must offer the South
the assistance and the
means to avoid bad
practice and reap the
benefits of a more
sustainable way of life,
sooner rather than later.
A sustainable day in 2025
might involve the following
products ...
 Seating

Spin and Oas is chairs ."

Agat ha Dreams ...,
C
Designing a chair remains Easily d isassembled into :s
;:1:
the quinte ssen tial test of comp one nt part s, the PP Pillet's elegant chaise C
any furn iture de signer. The a nd m etal frames ca n be longue co m bines the iil
im aginative form of t he recycled . eclect icis m of craft with
Spin /O asi s chai r ca refu lly th e tec hnica l s kills of the
models itself like a workers at Cecotti's
Ross Lovegrove, UK 308
prosthes is, s uppo rting a nd / factory, a la bo ur force with
cares sing the seated bod y. Dtiade, Italy 35 a long history of 'craft
Rigid seat an d arm s a re
4) '
te chno logy'. Rene wab le
made from one type of
polyprop ylene to which is
clipped a mo re flexible
polypropylene formin g the
•
~
Polypropylene, metal

«imp roved ergonomics

• Disassemblyand
reeyclability
295,
34 1
328
materials a re bought to a
sta te of refinement th at
will en courage the
owner(s) to cherish this
co mfortable backrest. de sign a nd confer a de gre e
of lo ngevity. High-qua lity
manufacturing using
nature's materials will
always be a s ustainabl e
bus iness model, as lo ng as
raw ma ter ials a re procu red
from man aged forests.

ChristopherPillet, 3°9
/ France
Ceccotti Collezioni, Italy 314
4)

•
~
Layeredtimber, solid
cherrywood
• Renewable materials
339

32]
Seating

Chair
Foam rubber has long
provided padding for
furniture, but Alfons Broess
has explored new fillings
made from waste wood
chips, which cushion and
adapt to individual body
shapes . The soft fill is
Slick Slick
enclosed in the rigid
synthetic shell. Stackable, injection.
moulded, polypropylene
chairs are produced by
numerous manufacturers
for the contract furniture

.,
market. Unfortunately Philippe Starck, France 310
ugliness is often the /
common des ign XO, France 326
denominator of this genre.
Starck rescues the concept
with this elegant design
requiring a minimum
of materials, creating
•
(}
Polypropylene

• Singlerecyclable
material
• Multifunctional
34'

327,
329

a chair suita ble for indoor/outdoor

conference/o fficeseat ing furniture
and domest ic use.

Alfons Broess, graduate, 305

.,
/ DesignAcademy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
Prototype

•
(}
Wastewood, synthetic
sheff, metal
• Reduction of waste
production
• Renewable material
293'5
339
327
 Seating

Colin Reedyand Renaldi 309

/ Hutasoit, USA

e Meta Marf, lnc., USA 320

.- Gridcore orpost- 295,

• consumerplastics. steel
• Recycled materials
,~ • Minimalmaterials
341
32]

usage
IDRA award, 1996 332
4

Sprocket
Two types of s he ll are
ava ilable for th is
lightweight, ste el-fram ed
lounge chair: Gridcore ,
which is a reinforced
sheetin g m ade from
recycled paper, o r used
plastic s heet ing.
Seating

Big Legs
Interlocking cutouts of 100
per cent-recycled HDPE
plastic panels create
sculpture and visual
excitement in th is three-
legged chair. New plastic
recyclates offer different
propert ies from the
plywood that would have
been the usual choice of
material for this design.
Thus the potent ial
outcomes are different too.

.,
~
Henner Kuckuck, USA

One.off
30 8

,}•
HOPErecyclate 34
'
• Recycled materials 327
Airbag
Since the 1960s inflatable lORA award, '995 332
Q.
chairs have come and gone
but Suppanen and
Kolhonen have added an

.,
extra comfort dimension IIkka Suppanenand Pas; 310
by placing balls of EPS ~ Kolhonen,Finland
inside the nylon outer Snow, Finland 324
cover, at the same time as
allowi ng the chair to be
deflated when not in use.
Nylon is toug h and resists
puncturing better than
•
~
Expanded polystyrene,
nylon
• Low weight of
materials
• Reduced energyused
34

328
'

other polymers. during transport

Basti an
Brownwrapping paper and
softwood, both inexpensive
renewable materials sou rced
locally, are hand-crafted into
a lightweight chair with
matching footstool. Clean
lines reinforce the
simplicity of the
cons truction technique and
materials, borrowing from
t he long tradition of Far
Eastern wood and paper
manufacturing, but in
harmonywith a Western
design ethos.

.,
~
RobertA Wettstein,
Switzerland
One-off/ smallbotch
production, RobertA
Wettste in
310

310

•
~
Paper,wood

• Renewable, low-
embodied energy,
materialsand
288-9
339
34 0

construction

@
 Seating

:...
"T1
C
3
;:;.
c
m

Blotter
'Keepi ng it sim ple' is the
message de livered by t his
bent-steel cha ise lo ngue
.,
/
MarreM oerel
(Netherlands), USA
One-aff
3' 2

wit h its soft, cus hioning

s kin of rubb er to keep out
th e co ld.
•
~
Stainlessand mildsteel, 295,
rubber
• Recyclable materials
• Economyofmaterials
usage
283
327 The Bottle-TopStool
This fiat-p ack stool is
de signed fo r dis assemb ly
and is 10 0 per ce nt
recyclable. Legs and seat
are ma de from R-MOW
Body Raft
recycled plast ic sh eet an d
Local wych elm is bent wit h
stea m to create a curve d
fram e to which further
curved lath es a re attached .
.,
/
DavidTrubridge, New
Zealand
Prototype
311 the botto m rails from
alum inium t ube a nd die-
cast fixings . Plastic
recyclate rep laces the
This organ ic s ha pe is
visu ally appealing. Hand-
crafted furniture of t his
kind ca n contribute to
•
~
Wychelm wood

• Renewable materials
339

327
traditional wood and can
hel p increase the amount
of the plastic reta ined in
the recycling loo p.
s us tain ing local
econom ies.

.,
/
DamianWilliamson,
UK
One.off
311

•
~
R-MOW recycledplastic
sheet, aluminium
• Recycled and recyclable
materials
• Designfordisassembly
292,
339
328

lORA Award, 1997 332

Q.
Seating

M iss Ramirez
Granular waste from the
cork manufactu ring
industry in the Iberian
peninsula is mixed with
synthetic rubber to create a
durable material suitable
for cold mo ulding. This
materia l can be formed
into well-defined shapes
but retains so me elasticity.
Roberto Feo creates an
appealing and comforta ble-
looking lounge chair. The
mate rials look familiar yet
stra nge, creating a heavy
chair that is actua lly easily
moved around using the
front wheels. This is an
economical, functional,
ecological and mode rn
des ign.

.,
/
Roberto Feo, £1 Ultimo
Grito, Spain
One.offorsmaf/batch
production, £1 Ultimo
Grito, UK
30 6

30 6

•
(}
Cork waste, synthetic
rubber,metal, plastic
• Recycledand recyclable
materials
• Cold, low·energy
283,
295
328

manufacturing
-
Seating

'T1
C
Garden bench :;
;:;:
Bey brings nature indoors C
by taking plant waste from ro
the garden and using high-
pressure extrusion
containers to generate
benches of dried grass,
leaves and woody
prunings. Durability and
longevity of the seating
depend on the extent of
use and the inherent
strength of the compressed
raw materials. At the end of
its natural lifesp an the
furniture can be broken up
and left to rot on the

garden com post heap.

Perhaps Bey's desig ns
represent the current best
practice in biodegradable
furniture?

.,
;#
Jurgen Bey, Droog
Design, Netherlands
304

One-offs, Droog Design/ 304

OM0, Netherlands
a.- Plantwaste, resin 339
•
~
• Wastematerialsfrom 327
renewable sources
• Compostable

Bucket Seat
Adding a ready-made stee l
and wood bucket handle to
this traditional seat ing
design makes the stoo l
.,
;#

,..
Carl Clerkin, UK

Smallbatchproduction
305

Ready-made steel, wood 295,

eas ily portable, which in
turn is a feature the user
can enjoy.A dash of wit
•
~
• Renewable and
328
327
recyclable materials
revitalizes craft trad itions • Useofready-modes
and helps bring this type of
furniture back into living
and work spaces.
 Seating
Model 290 F
For over 150 year s th e
manufacturer Ge brud e r
Th onet has mass-produ ced
elegant bentwood chairs
espou sing good de sign wit h
eco nom ical use of local
(Euro pea n) ma ter ials,
modula r 'flat-pac k' de signs
fac ilitating distr ibution and
basic, yet customizable
o ptions . In 1849 at
Michael Tho net' s factory in
Vienna 'Cha ir NO. 1', the
Schwarzenberg cha ir, made
of four prefabricated
compo nents that cou ld be
reassembled in differe nt
configurations , was th e
precu rsor of a design idea lly
s uited to ind ust rial
prod uction . Thonet cha irs
grace d many a cafe and
restaura nt fro m Paris to
Berlin and Lo nd on in the
., ., ., '\ 'I .,
., ., 'l ., 1 .,
., l ., ., ., ..
L
late nineteenth and early
twe ntieth centuries and
created th e definitive
a rchetype for the cafe cha ir.
'Chair No. 14', later known
as t he 'Vie nna coffee-ho us e
cha ir', was on e of th e mo st
successfu l prod ucts of t he
nineteenth century and
probably re mains th e
world' s best-selling cha ir,
with over fifty mi llion so ld in
' 930 alone. The roll-call of
iconic des igne rs, s uch as
Mies van de r Rohe, Mart
Stam , Marcel Bre uer an d
Verner Panton, ensured that
Thonet always explored
des igns dr iven by new
moveme nts an d schools of
tho ug ht. Yet Thon et rem ain
aware of th eir t raditions an d
currently prod uce modern
varia nts using we ll-teste d
principles an d materials
s uch as steamed a nd bent
so lid beechwood. Mode l
29oF epitom izes the Thon et
., ., ., 'I 'l'l
philoso phy: the designers,
., .. ., , ., .,
11 'l 'l "
wu lfSchneider and
Pa rtners, use th ree pieces to
create a ro bust , d urab le and
repa irable chai r. A s ingle
piece of so lid bent beech
fo rms the fro nt legs a nd
back stay, a cut-and-drilled ,
mo ulded , lami nated beech
forms the back legs and
back rest , both pieces being
fixed to t he laminate d seat
with cas t-alum inium angled
brackets and screws.
.,
Ninetee nth -century ProfWulfSchneider 310
examples of Th onet cha irs / and Partners, Germany
turn up in the prestigio us GebruderThonet 317
sale room s of Sotheby's, GmbH, Germany
Christies a nd Bonh am,
attest ing to th e ir durabi lity.
It is quit e likely t hat Model
29 o F will in ti me become a
•
,}
Beechwood, aluminium 295,
• Renewable materials
339
327,
• Low-energytransport 329
andassembly
so ught-after antique, iFEcologyDesign 332
validating it as a good and Q. Award, Germany, ' 999
green de sign .
 Seating

Transit Cha ir
"T\
The famil iar graphical C
language of road signage 3
;:;:
adds significant character c
to this cha ir fabricated n;
from redundant
alum inium signs from the
Pennsylvania Department
of Transportation . Available
as a flat-pack, self-assembly
kit. the cha irs are a good
example of reuse and and
potential furthe r recycling
at the en d of their lives.

.,
/
Boris Bally, AtelierBoris 30 4
Bally, USA
One-off,limitedbatch
production

•
~
Recycled road traffic
signs
• Reuseofmaterials

IDRAaward,1997
34
'
32 7

332
ct-

Seating syst em
It is clear to anyone who
wo rks in a mo de rn office
t hat the pap erless office is
still a figm ent of the
futu rologists' im aginatio n.
Martiijn van Maanen, 311
new mat e rials dese rve / graduate, Design
explorat ion. Martijn van
Maan en believes loc ally
gen erated was te pap er can
be co nve rted into new
., AcademyEindhoven,
Netherlands
Prototype

Pap er co nsum ptio n is

increa sing worldwide , so
op port unities to
re man ufacture pa per into
sea ting a nd s uggests th at
gove rnme nt tax office s
m ight be a goo d place to
start s uc h a scheme!
•
~
Paper

• Materials recycled at
source
288

327

@
Seating

Gallery
This moul ded plywood
stool is a mo du le that
funct ions in its own right or
can be joi ned to others to
for m a co nti nuous bench
or rows of sea ts . Efficie nt
use of materials is achieved
th ro ugh sim plicity and
st rength of form .

.,
/
,.
HansSandgren
Jakobsen , Denmark
Fredericia Furniture
AjS, Denmark
Plywood
307

316

339
•
,~
• Economy ofmaterials 327,
usage 329
• Renewable materials
• Dualfunctionseating
iFDesignAward, 2000 332
Q.

@
- Seating
r--
Imp ression ~

:...
The sculpt ural "T1
c
pos sibilities ofHD PE :;
recyclate are explored by 2".
cutt ing and shaping m
s heets. This demonstrate s
how new m aterial s
st im ulate innovat ion s in
th e de s ign proces s.

Philip Loakerand Plastics 308

/ f th IndustryLtd, UK

e Plasticsf th IndustryLtd, 32 2
UK

•
~
Recycled HOPE

• Recycledmaterial
34'

327

HowSl ow the Wind

Sim plicity of co nst ructio n and a co mfo rta ble easy
ca n stim ulate eco no my of cha ir equa lly ad apt able to
materia ls use, perm it ea sy living o r wo rking s paces .
ass embly a nd disassem bly
an d con tribute to a
redu ct ion in the ene rgy
needed for fab rication.
Yamanaka uses one sh eet
.,
/
Kazuhiro Yamanaka,
Japan
Prototype
311

of recyclable polyprop yle ne,

cut a nd be nt to slide ove r a
swive lling base made of
M DF a nd covered with
•
~
Polypropylene, leather,
MOF
• Renewableand
recyclablematerials
• Low-energy
285.
34 1
327,
34 0

leather. The result is a manufacturing

dyna mic yet pleasing line
Seating

Maggi
Hinting at an imminent
(environmental) meltdown,
Bar and Knell'schair is
formed of plastic packaging
waste, dyed black then
surface finished with Maggi
plastic carrier bags. The
branding lives on but
not as the marketeers
intended. This chair
was made in 1995 but
the design partnersh ip
experimented with many
variants from 1993 to
1997, including sofas and
furniture for children.
Their playful yet deliberate
exposure of the raw-waste
medium contrasts with the
highlycontrolled, stylized
injection- or blow-moulded Beata andGerhard Bar 304
designs of the 1960s and
1970S. This reincarnation
poses the question, ' How .,
/ and Hartmut Knell,
Germany
One-off, limitedbatch
production

•
can we throwaway such a Packaging waste 32 ]
useful resource?'
• Recycledmateriols 32 ]
(}

Mari lyn, I Can See Your

Knickers
A single sheet of
polypropylene is pre-formed,
then fixed to a simp le
square-section stee l frame.
Componen ts are eas ily
assembl ed with low-energy
production techniques ,
materials usage is kept to a
minimum and easy
disassembl y permits
recycli ng.
o

.,
/
EIUltimo Grito, Spoin

EIUltimo Grito, UK
30 6

30 6

•
(}
Polypropylene, steel

• Economyof moterio/s
usageandproduction
2 ~5 ,

341
32]
- Seating

Origam i Zaisu
A single sheet of plywood is
bent and cut to form a simple
floor seat. In Japanese culture
sitting on the floor is the
norm but perhaps the
practice should be adopted
more widely, since the
om ission of legs that form a
conventional chair saves
materials and ene rgy.

.,
~
MitsumasaSugasawa,
Japan
TendoCo. Ltd,Japan

Plywood
310

325

339
11
• Economy ofmaterials 327
(} usage
• Renewablematerials

Mirandolina
Reviving a technique first
used by the designer Han s
Coray, with his pressed-
aluminium ' Landi' chair
designed in 1938, Pietro
Arosio has produ ced an
economica l yet elegant
stacking ch air from a
single sh eet of aluminium.
Cut and pressed into its
final form , the Mirandolina
shouts efficiency. The use
of o ne mat eria l,
alumi nium, facilitates
recycling of the waste
offcuts an d e ns ures it is
easy to recycle o r repair.

.,
~
Pietro Arosio, Italy

Zanotta SpA, Italy

Aluminium
304

3 26

295
11
• Recyclable single 327,
(} material 328
• Efficient materials
usageand recycling
duringmanufacturing

®
Seating

Box
O riginally designed in 1975,
the Box cha ir has now been
reis sued with a n injection-
moulded polyprop ylene
back as well as seat.
Tubula r metal legs and
back frame are easil y
assembled and
d isassembled , fac ilitating
rep air, refu rbishment and
recycling of an y of the
components. The flat pack
and low weight reduce
distr ibution costs and total
tran sport emissions,
reflecti ng Mari's de s ign
ph ilosophy of
' red uctio nis m '.
Enzo Mari, Italy 308
/
Driade SpA, Italy 315
0

•
~
Metal, palypropylene

• Economyaf materials
usage
295,
34 1
• Designf ardisassembly 328

( 1 Recliner
DavidCalwelland Roy 3° 5
and Footstool / Tam,UK
Utiliz ing st ea m-be nt positio ns and is cus hio ned Trannon Furniture Ltd, 325
English ash wood allows wit h pa dde d linen. An 0 UK
eco no mical use of
mat erials without
sacrificing strength an d
ensures a low-emb od ied
alternative ve rsion, using
rattan, is available. Tra nn o n
merge th e t raditions and
d urab ility of ben t ash with a
•
~
Solidash wood,linenor
rattan
• Renewable materials
with stewardship
sourcing
2 9 0 . 1,
339
327,
328

energy of manufacturing . fres h aesthetic an d a green • Low-energy

The cha ir frame is pol icy for the procurem ent construction techniques
adjustable to th ree of raw materials.

®

Cardboard Chair
Lettingthe materials
deliver the (environmental)
message is a theme
common to furniture
designers around the world
using recycled or recyclable
materials. So Jane Atfield
(UK) speaks with plastic,
Frank Gehry (USA) with
cardboard and Lievore
(Spain) with maderon. The
.,
/
Campana brothers
combine a robust, solid,
iron-rod frame with a
•
(}
laminated cardboard seat
and back to create a dining
chair that demonstrates
how unpretentious
materials can encou rage a
healthy hybrid of
modernism and craft.
Fernanda and Hurnberta 30 5
Campana, Brazil
Limitedbatch
production
Iron, cardboard
• Renewable, recyclable
materials
288-9,
295
327
Conversation Chair
Locally crafted wooden
furniture is a good
model for sustainable
manufacturing and Guy
Martin's individually made
chairs, seating , tables and
bookshelves maintain that
tradition. Using a classic
'nail and stick' technique,
more often found in the
Appalachian mounta ins in
the United States than in
south-west England, the
frames are formed from
green ash wood obtained
from locally managed
woodlands. The willow
withies are grown in
commercial fields near by
in the Somerset levels and
waste wood or shavings are
used to generate heat and
electricityto power the
workshop. When craft skills
are merged with
contem porary designs the
Seating
:....
results can be refreshingly
surprising comp ared with
mass-produced furniture.
Martin represents the
young designers who
could become the 'green'
manufacturers of the new
millennium, echoing the
practices of Europe's
largest steamed- beech
furniture manufacturers,
GebrOder Thonet of
Vienna, in the 184 0S .
Guy Martin, UK 308
/
e One-offandsmallbatch
production
•
(}
Ashwood, willow
• Renewableand
339
327,
compostablematerials 328
• Low-energy
manufacturing
• Locallysourced
materials
®
Seating
The Porcelain Stool
Hella Jongerius hijac ks
materials associated with a
trad itional process or
product and reappl ies them
to a tot a lly diffe rent funct ion .
Such flexible thin king is
essential for the future.
Porcelain , long noted for its
frag ility and de licate
qualities, is moulded into a
robust, o rganic-sha ped
stool.

HellaJongerius, 307
/ Netherlands
CoppelliniSpA,Italy 314
0
•
,~
Porcelain

• Economy ofmaterials
usage
• Material with low
295

327,
340

embodied energy

PeterKarpf. Sweden 308

/
Inredningsf orm/lform, 318
0 Sweden

•
~
Laminated beechwood

• Single, renewable
material
• Low·energy
339

327,
328

manufacturing

OTO
Cut and ben t from a single
shee t of lam inated beech ,
Karpf' s grace ful cha ir avo ids
t he nee d for any ot he r
co m po nents, keepin g t he
productio n process efficie nt
an d reducing waste.
- Seating

:...
"...
c
::>
;:;:
C
ii1

Plyboo
In late nineteenth-century
London there were over
thirty manufacturers
making furniture from
imported bamboo.
Following a them e of her
earlier designs using
recycled plastics, Atfield
lets the materials of Plyboo
give character to the object,
Ply Chair
contrast ing the random
natural characteristics of Avoi ding excessive usage
the bamboo with the or wastage of materials
processed, standardized, should be a guiding
manufactured look of the principle of any design
birch plywood. Steel rods in the twenty-firstcentury.
are used to reinforce the The Ply Chair is the
bamboo at critical points. latest answer to the
The result is durable 'Superleggera',
demonstrating restraint,
grace, economy, st rength
seat ing that may well revive and character.
the fortunes of bamboo as
a material for the new JasperMorrison, UK 309
millennium, casting off the /
unwanted association s VitroAG, Germany 326
between bamboo furniture 0
and colonial verandas ,
conservatories and
swimming pools. Bamboo
is here again. It is modern ,
•
~
Aeronautical-quality
plywood
• Economyofmaterials
usage
339

32]

renewable, recyclable and

toxin-free and is a ferocious
producer of biomass in the
right climate.

JaneAtfield, UK 304
/
Prototype, Float Up 316
0 VP,UK

•
~
Bamboo, plywood, steel 295.

• Renewable materials
339
32]

®
Seating

DeckChair
The structural properties of
recycled plastic sheet have
been thoroughly exploited
in this combined chair and
otto man, which can also be
used as a deck chair. This
material is highly malleable
when heated, enab ling
complex bending to
produce results similar to
pre-compressed wood.

Colin Reedy, USA 309

"4)
MetaMorf, lnc., USA 320

•
(}
Recycled plastic, steel

materials
283,
295
• Recycled and recyclable 327

q. lORA award, 1996 332

Daybed
This company has been
manufacturing furniture,
using special techniques
for weaving twisted paper,
since the beginning ofthe
twentieth century. This NigelCoates, UK 30 5
daybed combines a
contem porary sha pe with a
traditional material by
"
4)
Lim ited batch
productionby Lloyd
Loam afSpalding, UK
319

•
making the most of the Twisted paperand steel 288,
manufactu rer's exte nsive wire 295
experience with th is • Renewableand 327
medium. (} recyclable materials
- Seating

:...

Diva (n) Paradox

Rushes harvested from
freshwater reed-beds are
inserted and set into a
simple frame conta ining
polyurethane foam .
Organic materials of
natural and synthetic origin
are juxtaposed in a visually
arresting form. Both
materials are quite durable
and when no longer
serviceable could be
incinerated or shredded for
reuse as fill material.

PilBredahl and Lise/otte 30 4

/ Riset', Denmark
One-off
0
•
~
Rushes, polyurethane

• Encouraging use of
historic renewable
material
2]6 •
34'
32]

Earth Chair" Earth Chair, USA 3' 5

/
This simple sphere of EarthChair, USA 3'5
stitched denim is 0
despatched from the
manufacturer empty and
filled by the buyerwith
once-used plastic shopping
•
~
Denim 2g0

• Low-energyfabrication 328
includesself-assembly

bags or similar pliable

plastic fill.The designe r-
makers claim that it
requires gkg (zolb) of such
fill. Perhaps the item would
be 'greener' if, instead of
plastic bags, the filling were
made of renewable or
compos tab le materials.

®
 Seating

*
o
o
\----------------------------------------------~,
!4
III

Q' Spring
r
s:
:::3 Modul a r co m po ne nts can
(JQ
be use d to assemble a
ra nge of furniture from
cha irs to chaises lo ngues,
fash ione d from woo d,
wool and leathe r. Natura l
compounds such as water-
based paints an d oils an d
waxes provide protection
for th e woode n parts,
while th e leath er originates
from a tannery that uses
vege ta ble-base d produ cts .
Easy assem bly a nd
disassemb ly facilitate
repair an d exten d the
life of the prod ucts.

Galleri Stolen AB, 31]

/ Sweden

e Galleri Stolen AB,

Sweden
31]

•
~
timber, wool, leather,
naturaljinishes
• Clean production
• Modulardesign
facilitating repair, reuse
2]6,
32 ]
32 ]

and lonl(evity
DesignSense awards, 332
4 Shortlist, ' 999
 Seating

Pouffe
Moore explores the
sculptu ral poss ibilities
of recyclates, in this case
HDPEsheet, treating
them as new materials
ripe for experimentation.
The result is an eye-
catching take on an old
theme and an economy
of materials use.
.,
/
IsabellMoore, UK

One-off
3°9

•
~
HOPErecvciate, maple
plywood
• Recycled and recyclable
materials
fORA award.1996
339,
34 1
327

332
Q.

.,
/
Julienne Dolphin-
Wilding. UK
One-off/ smallbatch
production
30 6

•
~
Yewwood

• Recycledand
renewable material
• Durability
339

32 7

roo-piece-kit armchair
Durable, richly patterned ,
native British yew wood
offcuts and salvaged
pieces have been reworked
into a series of interlocking
blocks, which, once
assembled, form an
armchair with cons iderable
presence. Dolphin Wilding
breathes new life into
waste that would have
been burnt or despatched
to landfill.
 Seating

o
o
CT
(;;'
!=l.
III

Q'
r:
S:
::l
OQ

Eco
These stackable chairs are
cut from a single piece of
veneer-faced ply and follow
in the Scandinavian
tradition of working with
bent ply, as were the designs
of Gerald Summers for the
firm of Makers of Simple
Furniture based in London
in the late ' 930s. Simplicity,
economy and functionality
meet in this award-winning
design,

PeterKarpf, Sweden 308

/
Inreningsforrn/iforrn, 318
0 Sweden

•
~
Plywood

• Renewable materials
339

327,
• Economyofmaterials 328
usageandlow-energy
production
Winnerofthe iFEcology 332
Q. DesignAward, 2000
..
Seating
Eraser Chair :...
The innards of mo st cha irs "Tl
C
are hidden from view but ;
;:;:
culpepper has chos en to C
celebrate the inn er sec rets ;;;
of the Eras er Chair, which
raise s the value of recycled
materials by bring ing the m
to the attention of th e
viewe r. Laid bare is th e
structural fabr ic of thi s
design , which co ns ists of
95 per cent-recycled woo d
felt att ached to a rigid
frame .

.,
/
MichaelCulpepper, USA 305

One-off

•
0
Recycledwoodfelt

materials
IDRAaward, ' 995
339

• Recycledand recyclable 32 ]

332
4

Eric
Card boa rd is combined
wit h lami nated and painted
plywood to produce
an a rmc hair req uiring
low-en ergy input to
manufactur e. Wetts te in
emp hasizes th e co rruga ted
co ns t ruction of the
ca rd boa rd and join s a
distin guish ed list of
des ign ers s uch as Gehry
a nd th e Campana brothers,
who a lso ma ke th e most
of th e st rengt h of thi s
lamin at ed material.

.,
/
Robert A Wettstein,
Switzerland
One-off/smallbatch
production
311

•
0
Cardboard, plywood

• Renewable materials
339

32 ]

®
Seating

q-bac
A str iking and comfortable
easy chair has been created
using ready-made
components, such as
alumin ium ladder sections
and rubber, with minor
mod ifications . Existing
manufacturing plant and
capacity are ut ilized more
efficientl y to intro duce new
products. At th e end of ,
their lifespan , the
com ponents can be easil y
d isassembled for recycling
or reuse .

.,
/
GabrieleAckon,David
Zyne Productions, UK
David Zyne Productions,
UK
315

3'5

•
~
Aluminiumreadv-
mades, rubber
• Useofreadv-made
components
283,
327
327

Ragchair
Waste rags and pieces of
cloth are bou nd over a
woode n frame using steel
bands, mimicking the
process of binding bales of
recycled textiles, to create a
comfortable yet unique
easy or lounge cha ir. Remy
has observed the texti le
industry recycling its
prod ucts an d nea tly
translated the idea into
eclectic furnitu re that
boldly states its o rigins .

.,
/
Tejo Remy,Droog
Design, Netherlands
DMD, Netherlands
306,
309
315

•
~
Textiles,steel

• Recycled materials
• Low-energy
manufacturing
290-',
295
327,
328

®
--
Schair
Following his
experim entation in th e
1980 s wit h o ne-offs us ing
sa lvaged m ateria ls, Tom
Dixon de s igned th is
elegant ca nt ileve r chair . A
stee l fram e is wra ppe d with
woven rush es, creating a
sculptural form . At t he end
of the chair 's life m at erials
are easily s epa rate d for
recycling (st eel) or
compostin g (ru sh es) .
Tom Dixon, UK
/ recyclin g loo p.
CappefliniSpA, Italy
0
•
(}
Steel, rushes
• Economyofmaterials
usage
• Renewableand
recyclable materials
Seating
:...
.,.,
c..,
::::l
;;:
c
iil
RCP2
In 1992 Atfield crea ted t he
RCP2 chai r with a s im ple
but robu st co nst ruction
tec hniq ue us ing a radical
mat erial cha llengi ng the
eco log ical awa reness of
des ign ers a nd th e publi c
alike . New techn iqu es
for recycling HDPE was te
created a new s hee t-
like material whose
co ns tit ue nts rea dily
divulged th eir o rigins . Th e
raw ness of th e ea rly wo rk
of desi gn ers such as
Atfield and Bar a nd Knell
co nt ras ts wit h t he more
so phisticated use of
recycled s heet H DPE
in Bopp-Leu cht en 's lamps
in the late ' 990 s.
Further innova tion in
ma nufact uring us ing
recycled plasti cs ca n be
expected over th e next
dec ade as atte m pts are
30 6 mad e to close t he plastic
314
276,
295
327
/
JaneAlfield, UK
One-olfs andsmallbatch
30 4
0 production
•
(}
High-density
polyethylene(HOPE)
34'
• Recycled and recyclable 32 7
materials
Seating

Trinidad NO.3298
' Ind ust rial craft' produ ction
will un do ubted ly pros per in
th e twenty -first ce nt ury if
th e wor kma ns hip and
gra ph ical form of th is as h
cha ir are a measure of the
o ut put of today's furnitu re
m anufactu rers.

Nanna Ditzel, Denmark 30 6

/
Fredericia Furniture 316
4) AjS, Denmark

•
,,~
Ashwood, metol

• Renewablematerial
z95 ,
339
327

Flying Carpet
A stee l frame with
s up porting rod s s us pen ds
stiffened fe lt in mid -air to
create a seat tha t sways as
th e user moves around.
Econ om y of m at erials use
co m bines with ease of
se pa ration into pur e-grad e
was te st rea ms for recycling
th e mat erials at th e e nd of
the product's life. Th is
imaginative des ign
explores new app lication s
of wo ol felt to furn itur e.

I/kka Suppanen, Finland 310

/
CappeiliniSpA, Italy 3'4
0
•
~
Steel,felt

• Economy of materials
usage
• Renewableand
29°,
29 5
327

recyclable materials

@
-- Seating
Ghos t
Purity of form and function
can often be ach ieved by
focusing on the exclusive
properties of o ne particular
material. Cini Boeri and
To m u Katayanagi have taken
a s ingle piece of t z mm-th lck
(c. l Iz-inch) toug hened
glass an d cu t a nd mou lded
it into an extraordinary
object. They juxtapose t he
contradictory characteristics
of the material - its fragility
and toughness - and create a
durable, rather timeless
design . Ghost provides food
for thought on how other
fam iliar materials can be
modified or mutated to fit
new forms and functions.
Being composed of a si ng le
mat erial fac ilitates recycling
at the e nd of t he prod uct 's
life an d encourages c1osed -
loo p recycling. whe re the
ma nufacturer uses its own
recycled materials to produce
new goods .

CiniBoeriand Tomu 3° 5
/ Katayanagi. Italyand
Japan

e FlamItalia SpA, Italy 316

•
(}
Glass

• Recyclable single
material
• Durability
29 5

327

Cha ir and ottom an

Slab s of heavy-grade similar chair from used
industrial felt, typ ically newspapers, Atfield reminds
used for noise insulation in us to keep it simple and
military vehicles, are bolted create zero waste.
together to create an
archety pa l a rmchai r. An JaneAlfield,UK 30 4
olloman emerges from th e /
offcuts. The orig ina l felt One-offs
s labs are tr an sfor m ed fro m
(»
the utilitarian to th e
pur pos efu l. yet reta in t heir
honesty of or igin. Like the
Da nis h des igner Nie ls
•
(}
Felt, steel 290,
295
• Economyof materials 327.
usage
• ZeroWQste production
328

Hvass, who has made a

Seating

IKEAa.i.r .jMUJIAIR
sofas
IKEA are peering into the
future and testing the way
forward for sustainable
or fashion decrees. As
resource scarcity bites in
the twenty-first century,
.,
~
Jan Dranger, Dranger
Design AB, Sweden
News Design DjE ABfor
IKEA, Sweden
306

321

product design . This

example by Jan Dranger
sets the stage for
manufacturing furniture
manufacturers will have
not only to use recyclable
materials but also to
develop business models
•
~
Plastics, nylon or
polyester, cotton
• Recyclable materials
• Economyofmaterials
usage
283,
29
'
327,
328

using recyclable plastics that ensure that product • Low-energytransport

and interchangeable take-back keeps materials andassembly
covers, as wear and tear in a closed recycling loop.

Bench
In a imaginative turn-
around, paper from trees is
recycled in a 100 per cent-
waste-paper material called
'Shetkaboard' to become a
substit ute for sawn timber
in this indoor/ outdoor
bench. Why cut down
more t rees when waste
pape r will do the job nicely?

.,
/
StanleyJ Shetka, USA

One-off
310

•~
Shetkaboard

• Recycled,renewable
materials
IDRAaward, ' 995
280

327

332
Q.
 Seating

Chair
This knock-down chair uses
lightweight Gridcore, made
of 100 per cent-recycled
paper honeycomb
sandwiched between
laminated paper surfaces,
for the sides and back.
Solid cherrywood is used
for the arms and rear leg.
The furnishing fabric
comes from DesignTex, a
US company known for
reducing the environmenta l
impact of its textile rang~ .

.,
/
Janice Smith, USA

One.off
310

•
~
Gridcore, cherrywood,
furnishingfabric
• Recycledandrecyclable
materials
• Selfassembly
290-1
339
327
328

• Designfordisassembly
IDRA award, 1997 332
4

Chair
Discarded industrial pallets
are the raw material for this
chair. After machining, the
individual wooden lathes
are held together using
steel bolts. The chair is
easilydisasse mbled for
repair or recycling.

.,
/
James Varney,USA

One.off
311

•
~
Recycled pollet wood

materials
IDRAaward, 1998
339

• Recycledand recyclable 327

332
4

®
Seating
Kids furniture
The confetti-like colours
and pattern s of the recycled
plastics in these furniture
items are ta ilor-made
for creating a stimulating
learning environment
for the young child.
Demonst rating this
material's versatility
for making robust, fun
furniture, Reedy introduces
so me nice touches such
as the hand holds for
carrying the chair and
rounded edges for safety.
/ Inc., USA
0
•
~
q.
Knotted chair
A loose, flexible , macrame
form of aramide fibre braid
is dipped into a solution
of epoxy resin. The resin
is hardened by drying at
high temperatures to
produc e the necessa ry
rigidity for the purpose.
This remarkable chair is a
blend of imagination and
technology, which fits
the Factor 4 philosophy
of ,doing more with
less' . However, a few
reservations surround the Marcel Wanders, 311
technosphere materials. / Netherla nds
Epoxy resins need careful Cappellini SpA, Italy 3
handling during production
4) '4
and the resulta nt aramide
reinforced with epoxyresin
is a com pos ite that could
prove diffi cult to recycle.
•
,}
Aramidejibrebraid,
epoxy resin
• Economyofmaterials
usage
28 4
327
Colin Reedy, Meta Moif, 30 9
Meta M01 'nc., USA 320
Recycled plastics, steel
Recycledmaterial
/ORAaward, '99 7
28 3,
295
327
332
 Seating
Krogh chair
The single-piece back removed. The wood is
s up po rt and arms are malleable at this stage and
made of pre-compressed can be bent before being
wood . Many types of wood allowed to dry. Once dry it
will respond to pre- maintains its original
com pressio n treatment. strength and flexibility.
The process involves
mollifying the fibres with
st ea m and then Erik Krogh Design, 30 6
co m pressing them , which / Denmark
cau ses the fibres to adopt One-aff
an accordion-l ike zig-zag 0
st ruct ure. This results in an
overall shortening of the
woo d by 20 per cent, which
reduces to 5 per ce nt when
•
(}
Pre-compressed wood

• Renewablematerial
withimproved
characteristics
339

327

the compress ing force is

Leg Over
SebastianBergne, UK 304
The co lourful, circular /
polypropylene sea t clips Authentics 313
over t he powder-coat ed 0 ottipresent, Germany
st ee l fra me to provide
a versatile, stackable
stool o r footrest. It is
economical in its use of
•
(}
Recycfable
polyprapylene, metal
• Recycfable materials
• Designfordisassembly
• Minimaluseof
295,
341
327,
328

materials and stylistic materials

lang uag e.

Little Beaver
Part of Gehry's furn iture work with
' Experime nta l Edges' ca rdboa rd in the Wiggle
limited ed itio n for series Of1972 , now be ing
Vitra, the Little Beaver prod uced agai n by Vitra.
co mpr ises offset layers
of th ick car dboa rd wit h
large co rruga tions , glued Frank a Gehry, USA 30 6
and stood o n end . Both /
th e ma ter ial and the VitroAG, Germany 326
constr uction technique 0
reveal numerous
pe rm utatio ns fo r work ing
t hese materials and
contrast with his earlier
•
(}
Cardboard, glue

• Renewable and
287,
299
327,
campostablematerials 330
Seating
Stool
Simplicity is the keydriver
in th is design, resulting
in economical use of
materials and low-energy
input during fabrication.
Durable materials ensure
robustness and a long
life. Mahogany can be
salvaged, obtained from a
sustainably managed
forest (as certified by the
FSC) or substituted by a
sustainable tem perate
hardwood.
®
StUl , SE68, 1998
An econornic al iqyos
design, which originally
used plywood seating and
back rest, has been
reproduced using
multicoloured plastic
sheeting originating from
waste packaging. Where
renewable materials are in
short supply or costly,
recycled plastic offers a
viable alternative.
Professor EEiermann,
/ Germany
WildeII( Spieth GmbH, 326
0 Germany
•
(}
HDPEsheeting,steel
materials
295,
341
• Recycled and recyclable 327
ijs designers(Bridget 307
/ Reading and Monique
van den Hurk), UKand
Netherlands
Limitedbatch
0 oroduction
•
Stainless steel, 295,
maho~anv 1 .. 0
• Economy ofmaterials 327,
(} usage 328
• Low-energy
manufacturing
.....
Seating

hollow arms and 'angle- Philippe Starck, France 3' 0

iron' legs. Starck brings / ."
C
....
his usual wit and economy Driade SpA, Italy 315 :>
of line to this chair, which 0 ;:;:

•
C
is equa lly happy in a Polypropylene 34 1 (i1
garde n, an urban loft or a
• Recyclablesingle 327
cafe. As it is fabricated
entirelyfrom PP with a
~ material
• Economyof materials
sma ll, easily removable, usage inmanufacturing
stainless-steel plug
around the drainage hole
in the seat, it easy to
recycle the materials at the
end of the item's life. By
2030 manufacturers may
even be requesting that
their products be returned
by the current custodian
for dismantling and
recycling of components
and materials. The
material content of the
Toy Chair will then be
valued as much as the
comfort and pleasure
given through its lifetime.

ToyChair
Tough, durable and
Thinking Man 's Chair
colourful, polypropylene
has been a favoured Tubular and flat steel are
material with designers for combined in a deliberately
nearlyhalf a century. Toy 'engineered' look, further
Chair is a wonderful enhanced by the red oxide-
celebration of technological type finish complete with
progress in single-piece written dimens ions. A
injection moulding, with its durable design for indoor
or outdoor use, which,
being made from a single
material, is easilyrecycled.

JasperMorrison, UK 309
/
e Cappel/iniSpA, Italy 3'4

•
~
Steel

• Recyclable single
material
295

327

®
Seating .
Zorg
All the raw materials to
manufacture this two-seat
sofa originate from the
Manaus free-trade zone,
Amazonia. Cardboard
finished in natural sealants
forms the main frame
®
supporting four
transparent plastic-bag
cushions filled with
shredded magazines . The
manufacturing technique.
which involves simple
cutting, folding and gluing,
.,
/
Ronaldo Edson da Silva. 30 5
Brazil
Papo-Papel, Brazil 322
•
Q
Paper. cardboard, plastic 283•
• Materialsfrom local
sources
• Recycledmaterials
288-9
327.
328
• Low-energy
manufacturing
First prize. Post-
ct- Consumptioncategory,
1997Brazilian eco-design
awards
precludes the need for
s pecial tools or an
ass emblyplant. This is an
excellent example of the
application of industriaI
ecology in a manufacturing
locality.
The Draught
Wicker is imaginatively
combined with steel for
this exciting range of
chairs. Traditional weaving
of wicker is abandoned in
favour of method s in which
the withies are held tightly
together with steel or
inserted into solid beech.
The results bring nature,
with all its innate variability,
into the living space.
., /
PawelGrunert. Poland
Limitedbatch
production
30 7
•
Q
Steel. wicker
• Renewableand
compostable materials
• Recyclablematerials
281,
295
327
-- Seating
ready-made components,
which are readily available
from local builders'
merchants and DIY
stockists, into an honest ,
economical, multipurpose
chair. In the UK, DIY
interior decoration,
building and gardening are
obsessions, so it is
refreshing to see a designer
encouraging such
enthusiasts to apply
themselves to designing
furniture.

.,
/
Michael Marriott, UK

Self-assemblychair
design
308

•
XL' kit chair Beech, birchplywood, 295,
zinc-platedmildsteel 339
This lightweight chair,
• Renewableand 327
weighing just 2.2 kg (} recyclablematerials
(4.7 Ib), won the 1999 • Economyof materials
Jerwood Applied Arts Prize usage
coordinated by the Crafts • Useofready-made
Council, UK. Marriott components
combines materials and

Chair
Dolphin-Wilding preserves
Wiggle series
the quirks of nature's
Originally designed in 1972 patterns in her unique
as econom ical furniture wooden chairs, letting the
and manufactured byJack natural forms dictate the
Brocan in the USA, the structure of her hand-
Wiggle side chair has been crafted reincarnations. In
reproduced by Vitra from doing so she takes us back
1992. Each layer of to days before 'craft' work
corrugated cardboard is became a highly skilled
placed at an angle to the profession or before
next layer to provide 'industrial design'
significantly increased produced technologically
durability compar ed with refined furniture.
the folding cardboard

.,
chairs bythe likes of Peter Julienne Dolphin- 306
/
.,
Raacke and Peter Murdoch Fronk a Gehry, USA 306 Wilding
in the 1960s. / One-off/smallbatch
VitroAG, Germany 326 production

•
(}
Cardboard, glues

• Renewable materials
• Low-energy
287-8,
299
327,
•
(}
Timber

• Renewablematerials
339

327,
• Low·energyfabrication 328
328
manufacturing

®
Ir
Tables

Flower pot table

Clay flower pots are given a
fres h, soph isticated image
in th is s im ple but we ll-
executed de sign fo r a
durable, functional
occasiona l or side table ,
wh ich uses raw materials
tha t are read ily ava ilable
wo rldwide.

.,
/
JasperMorrison, UK

CappelliniSpA,Italy
309

314

•
~
Clay, glass

• Abundantmaterials
from thelithosphere
• Economyof materials
295

327,
340

usage

Ash round table

Com bining excellent
three to te n peop le is
m anufactured to the sam e
.,
/
DavidColwelland Roy
Tam,UK
Trannon Furniture Ltd,
UK
305

325

rigidity a nd am ple leg-

room, the simplicity of this
design relies on the
strength of the soli d ash,
basic de sign. Trannon
Furn it ure successfu lly
blen ds trad itional furn iture-
maki ng techn iques with a
•
~
Solidash wood

..Renewable materials
with stewardship
sourcing
339

327,
328

which comes from local mo dern aesthetic to ..Low-energy

English woo dlands. A prod uce durable, quality construction techniques
ra nge of ta ble sizes to seat sea ting, tables and she lving.

®
 Tables

:...
Mooving Image/Sony
fla t-screen coffee table

Old TVs never die, they just

find a new home. Jam's
TVsdon 't work but they
still grab the atte ntion.
Electronics man ufacturers
are being forced to realign
their ent ire business
strategies in accordance
with EU legislation (such
as the WEE E Directive),
which encourages them to
take back their products .
Fabricating furniture from
TVtubes isn't really dealing
with the problem of
disposal (of heavy metals,
gases, glass) but it
provides an interim
solution while suita ble
disposal methods are
sought.

Jam Designal. 3°7

~ Communications, UK
Jam Design al. 3°7
0 Communications, UK Pamela Hollon, UK

• TVtubes, steel,castors 34 1
Concrete table / 3°7

Concrete has a similar One-offi

(}
• Reuse ofend-of/ife 33° em bodied energy to timber, 0

•
components Concrete, glazed
or lower, so its use in 295
ceramictiles
creating robust, durable yet
• Low-embodiedenergy 328,
custom izable furniture is (} • Durability 340
welcome.

®
Tables

Plaky
Soph ist icated extrusion
and mou lding of the ABS-
po lycarbonate blend of
plast ic recyclate ad ds value
to this was te stream by
turning it into a desi rable
ite m offu rniture. The
anod ized aluminium
pede stal ste m co m pletes
the 'u p-market' effect.

.,
/
ChristopherConnelf,
Australia
Wharington
International Ply Ltdfor
MAP(Merchants of
30 5

32 0 ,
32 6

Australia), Australia

•
~
Recycled ABS-
polycarbonate,
aluminium
• Recycled andrecyclable
materials
34'

32 7

.,
/
Setsu Ito,Japan

FrontCorporation,
Japan
3°7

3
'7

•
~
Steel 295

• Single materialforeasy 327

recycling
• Extremelydurable
material

Saita
Almost go per cen t of the
stee l in circu lation has
been recycled at some
time, so it is refresh ing to
see steel being used with
grea t sc ulptura l panache in
th is ta ble design . Lo ng the
preserve of archi tectural
and str uctura l e ngineer s,
steel offers fresh
pers pectives for furniture
design ers.

®
 Tables

-rt
C
....
::>
;:;:
C
ro

Schraag
This table-cum-desk
minim izes on materials by
us ing three legs , not the

.,
traditional four , for each ChristopherCannell, 30 5
Ledge /
lightweight alumin ium Australia
trestle, A range of standard The density and strength of Prototype, MAP, 320
2 x o .g-metre (6ft 7in x 3ft) ABS, even in recycled for m, Australia
top s ca n be chose n from
laminated bamb oo, glass
or red m ultiplex. Simplic ity
and ease of assembly bring
contributes to lightn ess in
design , in Christopher
Connell's vision .
•
~
Recycled ABS

• Recycled material
34 1

327

the old-fashioned trestle

table into the modern
world .
PaulNijland, graduate, 3°9
/ Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands

.,
/
Martin van Severen,
Belgium
Bulo, Belgium
311

313
e
•
Prototype

Woad,metal 295,
339

•
~
Aluminiumwith
bamboo, glass or
multiplex
• Renewablematerial
option
281,
295

327,
328
~
• Economyof materials
usage
• Low-energy
manufacturing.
distributionand
327,
328

• Recyclable materials assembly

• Designfordisassembly

Table 0.85x1.20m
Table design is stripped
down to the bare essentials
- a woo de n wo rkto p,
fou r tubular met al
legs, the who le easily
disassembled , No fuss ,
minimal production costs ,
easy flat pack and low-
energy production input.
Tables

Table
Hertz reveals the
workability of Syndecrete'"
in his individualistic,
sculptural ta bles.

Side table
Syndecrete'" is a
lightweight comp osite
concrete utilizing mixed

.," David Hertz, USA

Syndesis, lnc., USA

3°7

324
industrial and post-
consumer waste,
pulverized fly ash and PP
fibre waste. The material
.," DavidHertz, USA

Syndesis, lnc., USA

3° 7

324

•
~
Syndecrete", glass

• Recycled materials
295

327
is well suited to detailed
moulding and can be
polished to reveal a
terrazzo-like surface.
•
~
Syndecrete"

• Recycledmaterials
295

327

Folding table
Easily mass- produced, with
low energy input, this
simple folding table
combines low cost with
transportabilityand the use
of Environ and Ranger
MDF particleboards.

.," Ann Cirandand Brian

Champion, USA
One-off
3°7

•
~
Environ, Ranger MDF

• Recycled and
renewablematerials
lORAaward, 1995
278

327

332
Q.

®
- Tables

.."
C
3
;::;:
c
ro

Table
Gridcore, a recycled paper
honeycomb core sandwiched
between layers of fibre
sheeting and veneer,
provides sufficient rigidity
to sup port a glass table top.

Dan Cramer,USA 305

/
One.off
0
•
~
Gridcore, glass

materials
lORAaward, 1998
295

• Recycledand recyclable 327

332
TableOp-La
Morrison's econom y of
design is exemplified in
4 his ability to make the JasperMorrison,UK 309
connection between the /
usually separate roles of Cappellini SpA, Italy 314
displaying and serving 0
food and drinks. This
dua l-function t ray-cum-
table uses the bare
minimum of materials.
•,,~
ASS, stainlesssteel

• Duo/function object
295,
341
329

Nested tables
Jurinec sees cardboard as KsenkjaJurinec, Croatia 307
a noble material with great /
worth in its unrefined One-offs
naturalness, low cost and 0
transient durability.
Cardboard encourage s
minimalism in design and
is non-mate rialistic. It is
•
~
Recycledcardboard

• Recycled materials

lORAaward, 1997
288-9

327

332
also eas ily returned to the 4
recycl ing loop.

®
Shelving and Storage

Bookcase
This co nce rtina-like
bookcase has an interesting
juxtaposi tion of natu ral
. materials. The craft aes thetic
has a lways embraced
experimentation with nature's
prima ry material s but furt her
possibilities are emerging to
create a new 'ind ustrial craft'
producti on .

Chest ofdrawers
An assortment of salvaged
drawers is reinc arnated as
a new chest of drawers in
Remy's functional yet
qu irky de sig n. The drawers
loo ks as if th ey cou ld have
been strapped on to the
back of a pick-up truck and
indeed th e des igner
en courages thi s metaphor
by bind ing the dra we rs
together with the webbing
and stee l rat che t used by Jon KoningsondJurgen 30 8
truc kers. Chest of Drawer s / Bey. Droog Design.
is an object su spended in Netherlands
tim e, ne ither permanent
nor tran sient , and
e DMD/Droog Design,
Netherlands
Maplewood. paper,
307 •
315
288-91•
de mon str at es the recycling
of dozen s of original
11 linen 339
«Innovative use of
(drawer) designs that ~ natural, renewable 3 27
fashion had co nsigned to materials
the junk sh op.

.,
/
Tejo Remy, Droog
Design, Netherlands
One.off/ smollbotch
production. Droog
Design, Netherlands
30 9

307

Olddrawers, webbing, 34
11 steel '
• Reusedand readv- 327.
~ madecomponents 328
• Cold. low-energy
construction
 Shelving and Storage
I Just Moved In
The layers of meaning are as
numerous as the shel ves in
this int riguing de sign, which
promotes individual ism and
juxtaposes the old, the new
and the banal. The des ign
raises a question about the
att itudes of designers:
sh ould the construction
detai ls of Wiesen danger's
books helf be published so
that anyone can assemble a
bookshelf on sim ilar
principles but using locally
found materials? Or is the
limited batch production an
exclusive process that
guarantees status to the
purchasers?

Kobi Wiesendanger, 311

/ Switzerland

e Limitedbatch
production, Avantde
Dormir, Italy
3'3

•
~
Pinewood, cupsand

shelfunits)
• Reuse ofready-made
components
339,
saucers(usedto propup 341

• Renewablematerials

Boox
Plastics are the by-products
of our des ire to burn fossil
fuels and are integral to our
modern lives. Yet plastics
are perceived as a major
cu lprit in despoiling our
environment, even though
they have made possible
resilient, functional and
technologically advanced
products for over ha lf a
century. Philippe Starck 's
' Boox' shouts, 'look at me ,
I'm plastic, proud of it,
cherish me, I'm a valuable
resource.' This modular
extruded and injection-
moulded shelving system
is well conceived and
should persist for man y
decades before it is
disassembled ready for a
new lease oflife as another
recycled product. Boox
gives plastic credibil ity and

,
in doing so makes us re-
evaluate the essential
1 worth of the material.

..
I
I
L .,
/
Philippe Starck, France

Kartell, Italy
310

318

'!
,,~ •
~
Thermoplastic polymer 282

• Durable modular
design
• Recyclablematerials
327

~'~'
iJ
•
- ,-~
~
®
 Shelving and Storage

Plug It
Boredom is a factor that
consigns many an object to
the auct ion house, seco nd-
han d deale r o r, in the worst
scena rio, a landfill site.
Roberto Feo's modu lar
she lving syste m en sur es
th at th e user ca n rear range
and add new modu les to
refresh and restim ulate th e
visual senses at the sa me
time as extending th e
sto rage volume.

Roberto Feo, Spain 306

/
fl Ultimo Grito, UK 306
0

•
~
MDF

• Modular
multifunctionaldesign
• Upgradable
329
29 2

Modularbookshelf
This du al-function
boo kshelf and/or stor age
unit is pared down to
an essential modul ar
component of a box
frame and remo vable box
'drawer'. It is a simple,
vers atile system th at can
be expanded to meet the
- r user's needs. It offers
excellent stora ge capacity
in relation to its footprint
and can also do uble as a
sc reen to divide a room .

Giulio Polvara, Italy 30 9

/
Kartel/,Italy 318
0

•
~
ABS, lacquered
polyurethane
• Modularstarage
system
34 1

329

®

Robostacker and
Hola Hoop
Traditionally manufacturers
strive to serve specific
mcrkets and, where
poss ible, increase their
market share. Jam are a
design group focused on
developing symbiotic
relationships with
manufacturers to explore
whether their ready-made
components can be
adapted to create fresh
products for new markets.
The 'Robostacker',
produced in 1997 in
collaboration with Italian
white-goods manufacturers
Whirlpool, converts three
stainless-steel washing-
machine drums into a
Shelving and Storage
storage unit. Developing
the concept further, Jam
created the Hola Hoop
shelving using painted or
stainless-steel-finished
drums and glass sheets.
Ready-made components
can be obtained from
pre-consumer (factory)
or post-consumer
(municipal or other
waste-disposal centres)
sources. Jam have liaised
with other well-known
manufacturers to produce
flat-screen mobile coffee
tables from components
made by Sony. Reuse of
manufactured components
seems to offer endless
possibilities but does not
absolve the designer
from examining the green
credentials of the
original components and
manufacturers' environmental
commitments.
Jam Design 0< 307
.,
/ Communications Ltd,
UK
Jam with Whirlpool,
UK/ Italy
30 7
•
~
Stainlesssteel 295
• Reuse orre-application 327
ofready.made
manufactured
com ponents
®
Shelving and Storage

Es
Nine bee chwood rod s
are inserted int o fou r
plywood pan els and
locked into place using
plast ic rings. Grcic
tests the boundaries of
stabil ity wit h a de sign
that wobbles yet doesn't
fall over. His design
appea rs to fly in the
face of man 's desire
to remo ve nature
from t he process of
manufacturing, be ing
de liberate ly ma de to
loo k naive and in a DIY
style. The rods per m it
t he s he lving to double
as a coa t rack and
clot hes sta nd.

Konstantin Grcic, 30 ]
/ Germany

e Moormann Mobel,
Germany
32 0

•
~
Beechwood, plywood.
plastic
• Renewable materials,
economically applied
• Ease ofassembly/
283,
339
32 ] ,
328

disassembly

®
---
Sten
The Sten system of storage
and shelving is a series of
standard flat-pack
components, which can be
bolted together in a range of
bespoke combinat ions.
Shelving, uprights and
storage-box panels are
manufactured from untreated
Scandinavian softwood from
managed forests or IKEA's
own woodlands. Coach
screws and ties are used to fix
the individual elements into a
rigid structure and the
assemble d unit can be eas ily
disassemble d for reuse or
recycling. The shelving is
robust and capable of holding
up to sookg (r.roo lb),
Shelving and Storage
:...
Shell
Moulded aircraft-grade
plywood, just 3mm (about
'/8 inch) thick, is fixed with
3-D metal corner fixings
to create a basic shell that
can be fitted out internally
as required with shelving
and a clothes rail.A
longitudinal hinge permits
much better access to the
contents than conventional
wardrobes.

Ubald Klug, France 308

/
.,
/
IKEA, Sweden

IKEA, Sweden
3

3
'9
e Rothlisberger,
Switzerland
323

•
'9 Plywood, metal 295,

•
(}
Wood, steel

• Renewable and
recyclable materials
• Low-energy
295,
339
327-9
(}
• Economyofmaterials
usage
• Low·energy
manufacturing
339
327,
328

manufacturingand
assembly
• Customizablejurniture
 ShelvingandStorage

Eco ta ble/ sideboar d

Jo ine ry skills are applied to
th is tab le/s ideboa rd , which
is made of 95 pe r ce nt
Environ , a biocom posite,
an d 5 pe r ce nt Durawood ,
an H DPE plastic lumbe r
recyclate . These m ater ials
co m pleme nt th e sim plicity
of the design ele me nts a nd
ec ho the style of classic
Shaker furnit ure ma de
from Amer ican hardwood s.

Hoov e r
This lightweight war dro be
feat ures stretc ha ble s ide

r panels, which provide extra

capacity for those
awkwardly s haped o bjects .
Nz's m inim alist ph ilosoph y
excludes extra neous det ail
a nd incor po rates a
red uction ist a pp roach to
t he use of mat e rials.

JorgBoner, N2, 305

/ Switzerland
GeorgeEttenheim,
sdbindustries, 323 306
0 Netherlands
/ Ettenheim Design, USA

•
Ettehnelm Design, USA 306
Various
0
(}
• Economicaluse of
materials
• Greatercapacitythan
traditionaldesigns
327,
328
•
(}
Environ, Durawood

• Recycled materials
278,
293
327

q. IDRA award, ' 995 332

®
- Shelving and Storage

Italic
There are just two could add extra
components in this components to expand
beautifully simple shelving their existing shelvin g.
system: bent steel rods
whose ends are dipped in
natural liquid gum to
provide a good grip, and
wooden shelves. Users

.,
/
Lorenz Wiegand,
Germany
Prototype
311

•
(}
Steel, liquid gum, wood

• Economy ofmaterials
usage
28] ,
295
32],
328

I • Low-energyproduction

@
Shelving and Storage

Console and shelving

system
Bar + Knell demonst rate
the versatility of recycled
HDPE plastic board with
this eclectic range of
furniture. The message is
unequivocal: waste is
valuable and recycled waste
extends the palette of
materials for the designer.

.,
/
Bdr + Knell. Germany

One.affi. Blir+Knell,
Germany
304

30 4

•
~
Recycled plastic

• Recycled content
32 7

32 7

®
 Shelving and Storage

:..
"c
s
;::;:
c
iii

Turris
Compo nents include
s helving and side pane ls of
Fibe rbo nd Wallboar d ma de
from recycled newsp ap e r
a nd gyps um and rolled
steel a ngles using 60 per
ce nt-recycled stee l. The
wheels th at allow th e
shelves to be moved a re
made from use d rubber
con veyor-be lts.
Shelfsystem
test the s uita bility of

.,
/
SheriShumacher, USA

Smallbatch production
310 Lightweight mate rials
commo nly use d for
packagi ng ca n provide a
viable altern at ive to
m aterials, es pecially
biocompos ites, fo r new
a pplications.

•
~
Recycfedsteel,Fiberbond
Wallboord, reused
rubber
• Recycfed andreused
materials
283,
295

327,
328
't raditiona l' s he lving
mater ials s uch as stee l,
alumi nium a nd woo d. These
s he lves are const ructed
.,
/
j asperStartup, Startup
Design, UK
Smallbatchproduction
310

us ing techn iques similar to Recycfed newspapers, 34'

• Eosyassembly/
disassembly those used to m anu fact ure 11 reusedfruit trays
• Recycfed materials 327
q. lORAaward, 1996 332 mo ulded packaging fo r ~ • Reusedcomponents
eggs and electro nic goo ds. • Compostable
Part of the cha llenge to
de signe rs is to reappraise q. lORA award, 1995 332

co nve ntional practice s and

®
Multifunctional

A Col lection of
Mammoth Pillows
Anthropometries fixes the
scale of human objects in
th e home, but if you break
the rules refresh ing new
concepts can em erge. The
humble pillow scaled up to
'mammoth' size become s
a foldable sofa , an armchair
for a corn er between walls,
a mattress or a comfortable
zone on which to relax.

Judith Kant, graduate 307

/ student 2000, Design
Academy Eindhoven,
Netherlands
Prototype
0
•
~
Fumishingfabric,filler

• Multifunctional
furniture
285

329
 M uItifunctional

Comm un ications
furniture
The time is right for a
design revolution in the
computer industry.
Although the iMac
revitalized the styling of
computers, they st ill
remain work ing
machines des igned ,
primarily. for the
formality of the office
environment. San der de
Klerk's characterfu l stool,
remin isce nt of a Barbara
.,.,
t:
He pworth sculpture, is a 3
;::;:
fun , portable, wireless t:
computer with a touch ii1
screen linked by an
umbilical cord to the
stool. The user can take
th is charming object with
him/her to the bathroom ,
kitchen or gar den . In the
twenty-first century we
should expect to see less
of the grey pe rso nalities
of existing pes and more
machines that are rea lly
useful even if they aren't
even switched on! Here's
a step in th e right
d irection.

Table-into -chest-
of-drawers
Wit h a simple action this ShinandTamaka 3°4
s parse chest of drawers
ca ntilevers gracefu llyout to
fo rm an occas iona l ta ble.
For t he Azumis this design
reflects Japanese cultural
.,
/ Azumi

Smallbatchproduction, 3°4
ShinandTamako
Azum;

•
needs where rooms are
Wood.metal 295,
often mu ltifunct ional and
339
futons and tab les are • Dua/Junction design 329
removed or reconfigured ~
as required .

Sanderde Klerk, 3° 5
/ graduate student2000 ,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands

e Prototype

•~
Various

.I mprovedfunctionolity 328,
forcomputerhardware 329
• Designfor need

®
Multifunctional

Dia
Adaptabilityand durability
are the two primary
prerequisites for furniture
that is intended to survive
the elements and robust
use in the garden. This
range offers a high degree
of flexibility- the chair has
an upright and a low
position, the table height
is adjustable and the
su nbed has eight possible
profile permutations .
Polished stainless steel
and strong fab ric,
impregnated with
waterproofing and UV-
sta bilized, ensure a long
life. Thanks to these high-
quality materials, th is Gioia Meller Marcovicz, 30 8
range of furniture is also
/ UK
suitable for indoor use e ClassiCon, Germany 3'4

•
and thus offers flexibility Stainlesssteel, 29 0 -' ,
and dual-functiona lity. waterproofedjUV- 295
stobilizedfabric
• Durability, 329
~ multifunctionality
- Multifunctional

Flexipal
, C:\,,~'<' -rt
C
- "'-~ -
Thes e iden tica l interlocking . ') , "'
::>
;:;:
plastic modules can be
articulated and held in
- \ C
;;;
.-;: ~ ...
fixed pos itions by r-

~ ~i'

tighten ing the adjusting

screws to configure a
range offurnitu re fro m
ta bles to chai rs, beds an d
platforms as desired. This
encourages the owner to
experiment with his or her
own concepts and offers
flexible fu nctio nality.

JRMiles, UK 30 8
/
e RetailPlace Ltd,UK 323

•
(}
Plastic

• Multifunctianality,
easeofupgrading
• Singlematerialta
28 3,
295
327,
329

facilitate recycling

Kaststoel
The join ed halves of
th is inter estin g seat/s he lf/
magazine rack amply
demo nstrat e t he
mu ltiplicity of uses to
which a merged object
ca n be put.

Paulo Nerve,graduate 309

/ student 2000, Design

., Academy Eindhoven,
Netherlands
Prototype

•
(}
Polymer

• Multifunctional
furniture
282,
29 6-7
329

®

Multifunctional
Kokon
Old wooden furniture
is revived by covering
it wit h a PVC-based
coa ting. The
o pportu nities to crea te
quirky new cus tom
furniture are legion but
the tec hnique needs
further refinement to find
a substitute for PVC,
who se envi ronm ental
track reco rd is poor.
How to isolate th e
timb er of the reclaim ed
furniture from intima te
contact wit h the PVC
and what to do with the
item s at the en d of their
lives are unanswered
questions.
..
Nature Technology
Symbios is
As civil engineers us e
plants to reinforce
geotechn ical stru ct ures
(bioengineer ing) , designers
can use pla nts to
strengthen thei r designs.
Edwin Wa nnet believes that
the sym bios is of
tec hno logica l and living
elem ents in th is 'living
cabi net' raises ques tions
a bout the types of produ cts
that could be develo ped ,
prod uct -life expectations
a nd emotiona l res po nse s.
Jurgen Bey, Droog 304
/ Design, Netherlands
LimitedbalCh 306
0 production, Droog
Design, Netherlands
•
~
ReclaimedfUrnit ure,
PVCcoating
• Reuse ofready.made
components
34 1
327
Edwin Wannet, 311
/ graduate student,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
Prototype
0
•
~
Wood,glass, living
plants
• MultiJunctionality
• Living, respiringobject
29\,
339
329
 M uItifunctional

:...
Low Living
Reviving maritime
techniques and skills, such
as spool knitting, creates
st rong, rhythmic textures in
this multifunctional range
of Low Living products
suitable as blankets, wraps
or cushions . Turn down the
heating and retreat to your
cocoon!

Connie Constansia, 3°5

/ graduatestudent 2000,
Design Academy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
Prototypes
0

•
(}
Wool

• Renewable materials
290-1

327

Po uffe
Atemporary bed, suita ble
for day-time lounging or
use by an overnight guest,
unfurls out of a pouffe, the
exterior upholstery
doub ling as a blanket.

Erik Bakker,graduate 3°4

/ student, Design
Academy Eindhoven,
Netherlands
Prototype
0

•
(}
Various text; es

• Multifunctionality
290-1,
3°0- 1
329

@
Multifunctional

Wave
Two layers oHelt sa ndwich
a layer of polyureth an e to
create a flexible matting,
which is curved a nd
stiffened at o ne en d by
cha nging the mix of
elastomers in the PU.
When not in use the mat
ca n be wo und arou nd the
form ed e nd . The result is a
un ique o bject th at can be
used as a m at, a recliner o r
a cha ise long ue.

Hide-away
Th is intrigu ing design .,
/
N2,Switzerland

Prototype, sdb
3°9

323
.,
/
Martin Hoogendijk,
Netherlands
DMDjDroog Design,
Netherlands
Felt, palyurethane
3°7

306,
315
290-1
invites the user to take out industries, Netherlands ;I 34
a book from th e s he lf,
cran k the ha ndle to raise
th e day-bed an d settle
down for a goo d rea d.
•
(}
Aluminium, birch
plvwood. polypropylene
• Multifunctional
furniture
295,
341
32 9
(}
• Multifunctionalobject 329'
 M uItifunctional

Table lamp and -rt

table chair c

Dual-function design is
pared down to its ultimate
simplicity in Richard
Hutten 's witty yet practical
.,
/
Richard Hutten,
Netherlands
Limited batch
production, REEEL,
Netherlands
307

323
s;:;:
c
ii1

furniture. He demonstrates
the same thoughtful
economy, bordering on the
austere, in the Table Lamp
•
(}
Beechwood, MDF,
metal
• DualjUnction designs
• Economyof materials
usage
295,
339
327,
329

and Table Chair, pragmat ic

and lovable designs
which will be
cherished.

MindtheG ap
For those who liketo relax
with a coffee and a
magazine, ' Mind the Gap'
is the only accessory
required. It combines
efficient dua l functionality
with econom ical use of
materials and imbues the
combination with a cheeky
persona. There's really no
need to buy a table and a
magazine rack ever again.

.,
/
EJUltimoGrito, Spain

ELUltimoGrito, UK
30 6

30 6

•
(}
Rubber, steel/alloy

• Multifunctionality
• Economyof materials
usage
28 3,
295
327,
329
Multifunctional

Nomad
Marcel Wanders, 311
For thos e who like nothing back a rest. Wa nde rs has / Netherlands
better than to lounge meta phoric ally and literally Cappellini SpA, Italy 3' 4
aro und o n a deep pile elevated the st at us ofthe
4)
ca rpet here 's the ideal
solut ion that avoids the use
of all those unwanted big
cushions while giving your
humb le carpet we ll above
the tac ky examples of shag-
pile of the 1970 s.
•
~
Waal,metal 290-1 ,
295
• Multifimctianalobject 329

Wire-frame
reversible bench
Insp ired by the
technological achievements
of supermar ket sh opping
bas kets and 3D computer
modelling, the Azumis
we re able to create th is
lightweight bench , which
can be reversed to ma ke a
cha ise longue or stacked
with other benches to
provide she lving.

ShinandTomoko 30 4
/ A2umi,U K

Smallbatchproduction, 304
4) Shin andTomoko
A2umi,UK

•
~
Nickel·platedorpowder- 295
coated steel
• Multifunctionaldesign 329

®
-- M uItifunctional
Anna Chaise
:...
Rat chets on the a lloy frame
,.,
<:
pe rm it the sides of thi s :;
a rmchai r to be lowered to ;:;:
<:
suit the occupant and iil
con vert the armchair to a
chaise longue o r da y-bed .
An excellent example of
pract ical, mu ltifunct iona l
furn iture .

.,
/
Gioia Mel1u Marcovicz, 30 8
UK
Habitat, UK 31]

•
~
Alloy, padding.fobric

• Multifunctionality
• Inexpensive materials
290- 1,
295
329

41-
Miscellaneous

Three and One-Half

devised to d issol ve and
Minutes
se pa rate the con stituents?
This lightwe ight screen In the meantime the screen
encapsulates fragments of represents an inge nio us way
time in old processed of sto ring t he non-recycla ble
film stock bou nd in an component.
alum inium frame . Although j am Design U{ 3°7
the alumin ium is easil y / Communications, UK
recycled at t he end of the jam Design U{ 3°7
product's life, a qu est ion 0 Communications, UK
mar k hangs over the film
stoc k im pregna ted with silver
ha lides and othe r che mica ls.
Will fut ure processes be
•
~
Aluminium, aldjilm
stock
• Recycled mole rials
295,
341
327

Carta
Cart a is a ran ge offurnit ure
Shiger u Ban creates th at m akes minim al use of low-
st ruct ures with ca rd boa rd e m bodied-e ne rgy m aterials.
and s ucce eds in elevating
th is hu mb le ma teria l to a Shigeru Bon,jopan 304
new aesthetic leve l. His us e /
of ca rd boar d tub es in Coppellini SpA, Iloly 3'4
projects as d iverse as 0
furnit ure , temporary
hou sing for refuge es a nd
buildings for comm unities
reveals su perb
•
~
Cardboard

• Renewable materials
• Economy ofmaterials
usage
288-9

327

understa nding of the • Recyclable

capa bilities of the material.
 Miscellaneous

:...
"s:::
He rz :3
;:;:
s:::
....
Steel reinforcing rods , CD
simila r to those used in
Fasal corner jo int
construction with concrete,
Fasal is a new ma ter ial are welded and bolted into
consist ing of wood fibres, a simple frame to which a
cornmeal and natural moulded leather
resins, which ca n be read ily breastplate is attached ,
moulded o r sprayed. It providing a funct ional,
provides an alternative to minimali st coat stan d. The
non -renewable materials materials used are easily
such as plastic polymers. recycled and the design is
Jacqueline And ringa has both aest hetically pleasing
an d d ura ble.

.,
/
AnthologieQuortett,
Germany
Robert A Wettstein,
Germany
3° 4

326

•
~
Leother, steel

• Recyclableand
compostablematerials
• Economyofmaterials
28 5,
295
327-9

usage
extend ed its usefulness • Low·energy
manufacturing
by creat ing a un iversal
corn er joint that locks any
two o r more equa l-sized
com ponents, o pen ing up
op port unities in furn iture
a nd product manufacturing
an d tim ber-frame
co nstructio n.
Fronta l
Transparent plastic
cush ions are stuffed with
.,
/
Bdr« Knell, Germany

One-off
30 4

/
Jacqueline Andringa,
graduate student,
30 4
discarded sweet an d food
wrappings, offering a
graph ic reminder tha t
•
~
Plastics, plastic-coated
papers
• Encouragesrecycling
• Low-energy
283,
295
327,
329

.,
'We are what we eat'! manufacturingvia
Design Academy
'self-assembly' using
Eindhoven, Netherlands
Prototype locally sourced
materials

•
~
Fasal

• Renewableand
compostablematerial
• Universaljointing
278

327,
329

system

®
Miscellaneous
Hulsta 'Muvado' range
Germany is undoubtedly
one of the 'greenest'
consumer markets in
the European Union and
Hulsta is a significant
manufacturer of domest ic
and officefurniture with
a proven comm itment
to environmental
performance. It was one
of the first compan ies
to register to the quality
assurance standard,
ISO 9°01, and its entire
product ion is certified
unde r the Blue Angel
eco-Iabel scheme. In
collaboration with Danzer,
a leading veneer compan y,
Hulsta initiated the 'veneer
passport ' guaranteeing that
it does not originate from a
tropical rainforest. Only
four of their current ranges
®
Spiga
Mimickingan ear of corn,
this lightweight coat
rack, made of seven thin,
wave-shaped , plywood
cutouts attac hed to a
metal-rod frame, is an ideal
resting place for coats,
hats, umbrellas, bags,
newspapers and more
th roughout its ent ire
length.
offurniture use solid wood,
again not so urced from
rainforests. Particleboard
or MDF is the primary
material. In-house
designers app ly lifecycle
analysis to extend the
projected lifespan of
products, of which most
are already expected to last
Ubald Klug, France 308
between thirty and forty /
years. Rothlisberger, 32 3
0 Switzerland
/
0
Hulsta. Germany
Hiilsta, Germany
318
318 •
~
Plywood,metal
• Economyofmaterials
usage
295.
339
327 ,
329
•
~
Veneers, salid wood,
particleboard
• Renewable materials
• Blue Angeleco-label
• Corporate
278-80
327
• Multifunctional
environmentalvision
andpolicy

Good Morning
Miss Moneypenny
Not all waste newspapers
and magazines need to be
man handled down to the
nearest local aut hority
recyclingpoint. Save those
special editions and insert
Miscellaneous
"T1
C
:3
2-.
iil
HutAb
Aluminium fixings allow
simple machined pieces of
ash wood to articulate
around a pivot to provide a
multifunctional clothes and
hat stand, drying rack or
structure for suspending
house plants. Low-energy
requirements during
production make this an
efficientdesign at low cost.
them into a specially cut
polypropylene tube to create
an eclectic, customized
hat and coat stand. EI
Ultimo Grito wittilycreate
a valid green design by
combining recycled and
recyclable materials
with self-assembly. They
revitalize the ' Heath
Robinson' approach to
invention and elevate
recycling to a new art form.
Tired with the current look?
Simplyexchange the old
papers with fresh, up-to-
date material.
.,
/
EIUltimo Grito, Spain
EJUltimo Grito, UK
30 6
30 6 .,
/
Konstantin Greic,
Germany
30 7
Nils HolgerMoormann, 321
Germany
•
~
Newsprint
• Low-energy
constructianand self
34
• Reuseof domesticwaste 327,
328
'
•
~
Ashwood, aluminium 295,
339
• Multifunctionaldesign 327 ,
• Renewableand
recyclablematerials
329
assembly • Low-energy
manufacturing
®
Miscellaneous

Screen
A sle nde r meta l fram e
s upport s a we b of
inte rwoven plast ic string.
This lightweight sc ree n can
be fabricate d from virgin o r
recycled mat erials , doesn't
requi re s pecial ist m ac hinery
to co ns truct and is easily
d is ma ntled at the e nd of its
life, when t he materials ca n
be salvaged. Fabricatio n ca n
ea sily be ada pte d to s uit
locally available materials .
Femandoand Humberto 3°5
/ Campana, Brazil
One-oJflimited batch
0 production
•
(}
Metal,plasticstring

• Economyof materials
usage
283.
295
327
 Miscellaneous

Screens, various
furniture
Des igner-maker Jason
Griffit h goe s by the
vene rable title of
' underwoods man' .
The a ncient craft of the
unde rwoodsm an ca n be
traced back five tho usa nd
years in Europ e. Using a
wide var iety of timber ta ken
from nat ive or natur alized
co ppice d t ree s (t hose
deliberate ly cut to cause
mu ltistem s) . he fas hion s
eve rything fro m hazel
hu rdles or screens to
ta bles, benches an d chairs.
:...
manual labou r an d locally
sourced wood as well as
encouragement of the
system of cop picing , which
he lps maintain biod ive rsity.
Jason Griffiths, UK 3°7
/
One.offsandsmall
0 batl:h production
• Coppiced wood ofoak,
ash, yew, sycamore,
lime. alder. hazel.birch,
willow, sweet chestnut
• Renewable resources
339.
341

327.
The o utput of the () • Encourages 32 8 ,
underwoods ma n is conservation and 33°
su st ain ab le th anks to low- biodiversity
e nergy pro du ction • Low-energyproduction
techn iques based o n

Portable double bed

Anyone who has m oved
hous e know s tha t th e
most cum bersome item
is the doub le bed . Not so
for t his s uperb exam ple.
an enti re dou ble bed th at
can be neatly ca rried in
its own su itcase. Bucking
t he t re nd for se lf-
as sembly furn iture to be
flat. stylist icallyd rab and
infuriatingly difficult to

Peter Steinmannand 310

/ Herbert 5chmid,
5witzerland
AtelierAlinea, 312
0 5witzerland

•
()
Beechwood, plywood.
steel.rubber
• Portable, self-assembly
furniture
• Economy of materials
2 8 3•
339
327 .
32 8
as sem ble, Steinmann that is not only rapid to
usage an d Schm id have dev ised assem ble but also
a con struction syste m visually appea ling.

@
 Coral, Polyp, Spores
Moerel demonst rates the
flexibility and hence the
beauty of her raw material
in this series of designs,
which are inspired bythe
same basic module, a
ceramic sphere. Coral and
Polyp are two variants for
unusua l pendant lights,
while Spores are individual
candleholders. Economy of
scale is possible if large-
scale production can utilize
different modular spheres
to make a range of
products.

Marre Moere /, 308

/ Netherlands/ USA
Smallbatch production
0

•
(}
Clay

• Useofabundant
materialsfrom the
geosphere
295

329,
34 0

• Durable

Bernini
Fabricated from Tyvek, a
HDPEfabric contain ing
25 per cent-recycled
content , this flouncy
chande lier illustrates the
drapability of plastic
fabrics. Water-based
adhesives and the use
of a single material
facilitate later recycling.

.,
/
Ruth McDermott and 30 4.
Rina Bernabei, Australia 308
One-off

•
(}
Tyvek

• Portreeyclatefobric
• Reeyclable
lORAaward, 1996
301

327

q. 332

\
-
Quentin
The designers were
inspired by the complex
forms offolded cardboard
packaging and utilitarian
products such as egg
boxes. Working in
collaboration with a local
Glaswegian manufacturer,
they sought to create a
product utilizing pulp from
recycled newsprint and
paper-mill waste. An
individual shade comprises
two identical but mirror-
image halves. which are
formed in a mould where
the pulp is vacuum-
drawn. These innovative
lampshades are semi-
opaque, giving a unique

IanCardnuffand 3"
/ Hamid van Katen, VK'"
C Partnership, UK
Universal Pulp 325
0 Packaf(inf<, UK

•
,}
Newsprint. paperwaste 34'

• Recycled and recyclable 327,

materials
• Low-energy
328

manufacturing

light outp ut. The reincarnation. Potentially

shades can be deployed
individually or in groups
to form customized
arrangements. At the
end of its useful life the
lampshade can be
repulped ready for its next
this product can sit within
a closed recyclingloop,
ensuring maximum
reuse of paper fibre and
minimizing the ene rgy
required to remanufacture
the product.

®
 Fish-lamp
Drilling ho les in a standard
pe nd ant lam p fitting
ena bles th e brass
s us pension arms to
s up port the froste d glass
pane , which acts as a
d iffus er for t he down-
lighting s potlight.

Mikala Naur, Denmark 30 9

/
Limitedbatch
0 production

•
(}
Brass, glass

• Recyclable materials
• Economyofmaterials
usage
295

327

Flirt
Flirt is a redesigned ob ject
using a plastic float mad e
for co mmercia l fish ing net s
to create a dram at ic
lamp shad e with two
d iffere nt lighting zones - a
d iffuse zone from the body
a nd a white cone from
be nea th the sha de . An
alumini um ' hat' is the on ly
s pecia lly made part.

Sergio Macchiani, Italy 30 8

/
Prototype
0
•
(}
Fishingflaats,
aluminium
• Use af ready·mades
• Low·enetgy
manufacturing
295,
34 1
327,
328
--
Lampshade
Inte rlocking moulded
forms of co rn-starch
biopolymer fit togethe r to
make th is o rgan ic sha ped
lam ps hade . This prototype
avoids the use of
ad hesives , is recyclable
and/or composta ble and
demonstrates the potential
of biopo lymers to replace
non -renewa ble plastics.
.,
/
Brian Dougherty, USA
Prototype
•
~
Corn-starchbiopolymer 282
• Renewable.
compostable
biopolymer
/ORAaward, 1998
Q.
Lampshade
This reversible shade
perm its a choice of two
strong lighting direction s
dep end ing upo n whether
the reflector is uppe rmost
(for down-light ing) or o n
the unders ide (for up-
lighting). This eloquent
desig n em bodies principles
of minimal ism a nd du al-
functiona lity, both of
which are very relevant to
designs with reduced
env ironmental load s.
.,
/
Sebastian Bergne. UK
RadiusGmbH.
Germany
30 4
322
•
~
Steel
• Dualjunctiondesign
• Economyof materia/s
295
327.
328
30 6 usage
33°
332
 Efficient use of a single
natural materia l creates a
lampshade with sculptural
characteristics, perm itting
shafts of light and a warm
glow to pe netrate the semi-
opaque natural plywood
and creat ing a dramatic
light source.

.,
/
JasperStartup, Startup
Design,UK
StartupDesign, UK
310

310

,}•
Plywood 339

• Renewablesingle 32] ,
material 328
• Economyofmaterials
usage
• Low-energy
manufacturing

M ilk-bottle light
Since t he early ' 990S
designers have responded
to the challenge to cons ider
their ethical res po nsibilities
to the env ironment. In the
Netherlands Tejo Remy
explored the issue using
discarded plas tic milk
bott les and in the UKJane
Atfie ld did the same with
her Re p2 cha irs using
recycled plastic sheeting.
As a consequence the
message - that modern
design must use recycled
materia ls - is eloquently
delivered .

.,
/
Tejo Remy, Droog
Design, Netherlands
Droog DesignjDMD,
Netherlands
30 6,
3°9
30 6,
35

• Discardedbottles '
34'

• Reuse of waste readv- 32 ]

~ modes
--
Northern Fleet
chandelier
Shards of broken glass are
painsta king ly ass em bled
into a cascade oflight in
this un ique cha ndel ier. The
jagged edges of the glass
mak e a n exciting contrast
with the sheer beauty of th e
final form and the des ign
gently mocks at the cut -
glass cha ndeliers of grand
houses and public
buildings. Qua lity, o ne-off
de signs ma y enjo y lo ng
lives, sin ce they may attract
grea ter cu sto dia l care than
run-of-the-m ill, mass-
produce d objects .

.,
/
DeborahThomas, UK

One-off
310

•
~
Glass, wire

• Recycled materials
295

327

Loop
Distributed as a flat-pa ck
pe nda nt shade or floor
light, the Loop, made of
polyprop ylen e, sim ply
sn ap s toget her.

.,
/
RoySant, UK

Roy Sant, UK I
\
310

310

•
Q
Polypropylene

single material
34
'
• Lightweight, recyclable 32 9
 - - - - - - - - -- - -- -- - -- -

Bogd an light
Whereverthere is a power smooth surface. Except for
point let the re be light! the bulb holder, all other
With the 'sucke r' feet on parts are readily available
the housing of this fr,om existing
minimalist portable light manufacturers.
you can attach it to any )

.,
/
Erik Espmark, Sweden

Prototype
30 6

•
~
Plastics, copperwire,
brass
• Multifunctionalit y
28 3.
295
329

.,
/
Stephen Philips, UK

Stephen Philips Design,

UK
3°9

309

•
Cape light Polypropylene, steel 295,
The lightweight direct down-lighting for 34 1
• Dualfunctionallamp
~
polypropylene structure is home-offi ce working and 328,
• Lightweight materials
asse mbled by pushing up-lighting for those 329
• Low-embodied energy
toget her the steel studs . romantic domes tic oftramport
A swivelling head permits encounters.

®
-
N
r
ciQ'
~
:3

----- - -- - - - - -- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - -----.j(JQ

'Come Back' se ries Bdr « Knell, Germany 304

/
Plastic packaging waste is arrangement in the
reinca rnated as a beauti ful manu factur ed sheeting Bopp Leuchten GmbH, 313
series of shades for table, th at is the base material
0 Germany
standard and pendant for the shades .
lamp s. The diversity of
colou r of the original waste
so urce is reflected in th e
random, mosaic-like
•
~
HDPEwaste

• Kecyc'ea mat eflQ

34'

32 7

®

Clips
A sim ple stai nless-s tee l
frame clips over a
discard ed drink s ca n and
supports a polyprop ylen e
shade. As your favourite
brand of dr ink changes you
can dispose of the old one
(at a can bank ) a nd insert a
can that held the flavour of
the mo nth.
BernardVuarnesson,
# France
Sculptures-jeux, France
0 their em pty vintage bottles
•
(}
Polypropylene, stainless 29 5.
steel
• Encourages reuse of
readv-mades
• Reduction inmaterials
34'
32]
usage
Flamp
This wood en-bas ed
table lamp is dipp ed in
phosph ore scent coa ting
so that it a bso rbs the
e ne rgy fro m sunl ight and
reradiates it for up to
twenty minutes. An idea l
'e me rgency' light after
sun set.
Marti Guixt!, Spain
/
Smallbatchproduction
0
•
(}
Phosphorescentpaint,
wood
• Solar-powerednon-
electriclight
311
323
30]
286-] •
29 8
329
Corkscrew/lamp
Compl ex messages
o riginate from this seemly
simple design by Carl
Clerkin. The candle set
in the wine bottle is given
a so ph isticate d turn as
read y-made com po ne nts
are clipped together,
giving us a new look at
th e phenom en o n of
electricity. This design can
enco mpass the who le
social s pectrum, from wine
buffs keen to im press with
to cash -poor students.
#
CarlClerkin, UK 30 5
Smallbatch production
0
•
(}
Reused wine bottle,
corkscrew,electrical
components
• Reused and ready-
made components
341
32] .
328
• Easilydisassembled
----
Hand (to Hold)
This lam p generates
s urreal mood lighting by
combining a fam iliar read y-
made, a rubbe r glove, with
a 4W lam p unit.

Anette Hermann, 3°7

/ Denmark

e Frandsen Lyskilde,
Denmark
317

•
~
Latex.lamp

• Ready-made
component
• Renewable material
283,
341
327

Table/floor lights
Recycled car dboar d may
ca rry a print message from
its previous incarnation as
packaging) Reuse of
car d board in a new context,
in this case a lamp, extends
the life of th is otherwise
tran sient raw material ,
which is just waiting to be
recycled . In short, th is lamp
is the temporary custodian
of t he ca rdboa rd, which has
its own life to be lived over
and ove r aga in.

Ksenkja[urinec, Grupa 3°7

/ Dizaj nera, Croatia
Prototype
0

•
~
Recycledcardboard

• Recycledmaterials

lORAaward, 1997
34
'
32 7

332
ct.
 Floor, Table and Miscellaneeus

o
oa-
n;'
~ f-- - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - -- ---j
1Il

~ LightWaliz

.,
r:
[ anne0 hre, Denmark 309
~:
:J
(Jq
A room d ivider mad e up /
of plastic flopp y-dis k MOD, Denmark 320
cases o n a low-voltage
(12V) wiring loo m
pro vides a unique d ispla y
for a range of se mi-
transparent pictu res
•
~
Plasticdiskcases,
aluminium profiles,
wires, bulbs
• Low-voltage lighting
• Ready-made
34

32] ,
329
'

and ca sts a patt ern of components

sha dows an d light.

Lumalight lam p
This family of free-standing
lights , made of recycled
paper, reveals that the use
of recycled materials doe s
not inhibit creativity. In the
hands of the right designer,
the fad that the m aterials
are obviou sly recycled is
lost in the beauty of th e
overall design.

.,
/
Roland Simm ons, USA

Inte1old, USA
310

318

•
~
Recycled paper

• Recycledmaterials

/ORA award, 1995

34 1

32]

332
Q.
 Artemide SpA, Italy 312
/
Artemide SpA, Italy 312
0

•
~
Syntheticpolymers, low-
voltagelamp
• Reduction inmaterials
requiredin
manufacturing
29 6-7,
341
32 7,
32 8

• Lowenergy
consumptionduring
use
• Easilyrepairedand
disassembled
DesignSense awards, 332
q. Shortlist, '9 99

e-light
The e-light integrates a
number of te chno logica l
im prove ments over
conventional desk
lamps . The lifetime of the
light ing filament is twen ty
times grea ter than that of
an incandescent bu lb
and two to t hree times
t hat of a fluo rescent bu lb
and uses one-fifteenth
as much mercury as t he
latter. Crea ting a light
s pect rum simi lar to
da ylight , it is five tim es
brig hter tha n a t un gsten
bu lb. As th e e-Iight
produces neg ligible
t he rma l emissions, t he
need for heat-res istant
materials is s ignificantly
red uced . Components
ca n be eas ily separated,
facilitating recycling and
reuse . Reversi ble joints
and compact des ign
provide flexible lighting
configurations and a
s mall footprint.
Floor, Table and Miscellaneous
Ob injo
Cand les an d paraffin lamps
we re the port able light
so urces usurped by th e
inventi on of e lect ricity and
t he t ungst en bulb. Yet
e lectr icity tet he red lam ps to
a fixed circu it and out put
sockets. So it is refreshing
to see t hat Frits Vink has
reintroduce d us to th e
bene fits of po rta ble lam ps.
O binjo rec harges itself o n
a base connected to th e
mains su pply an d is
therefore completely
portable. With this we can
wander from room to room
without having to switc h
o n a ny fixed lights.
., FriIsVink, Nelherlands
311
/ more efficient user s of
Prototvp«
•
~
Various
• Portable, rechargeable, 32 9
multifunctionol
lighting
.,
/
•
~
Mini desk lam p
Good ideas are often
recycled, but the Mini
Des k La mp actually goes
one ste p further by
reusing part of an iconic
design of the late '9Sos,
British Leyland 's Austin
Mini car designed by Alec
Issigo nis. O riginal Aust in
Mini pa rts for th e
., PaulTopen, Designedl o 30 6 , distinctive side lights a re
/ a 'I',UK 311 reho used in a plast ic
Designed10 a 'I' , UK 306 bod y, fitted with an
autom atic o n/off t ilt
•
~
Sleel, plastic, electrical
wiring
• Reuse ofreadv-made
components
34'
32 7
switc h and painted in th e
o riginal bod y pa intwor k
co lours. The rebirth of a
m ini Mini classic?
Tu be
The fam iliar fluorescent
light gets the m inima list
t reatm ent from Christ ian
Deub er. A s lender synthetic
tu be protects the light with
steel - an d rubb er-footed
closures , allowing the light
to be placed wherever it is
required . The use of
fluoresce nt bulbs , in th is
case S8W, which are much
en ergy t ha n incandescent
so urces , ad ds to the
versa tility of this prod uct.
Christian Deuber, N2,
Switzerland
Palluco, Italy
30 6 ,
30 9
321
Fluorescenl lighl, steel,
rubber
• Mullifunctionallighl
• Economy ofmaterials
usage
283,
34 1
327,
328
• Low energy
consumption
-- Floor, Table and Miscellaneotls

POg810/1OC, 11 III C,
12/12C

In a clever ext rapolation

of scale, the table lamp
becomes a floor or
standard lamp. These
lightweight constructions
combine visual stimulation
and humour in an
econom ical design.

MarcelWanders, ) 11
/ Netherlands

e CappelliniSpA, Italy ) 14

•
,~
Wire, polymer

• Economy ofmaterials
usage
29 6-7

) 27

Pharos floor lamp

The designer has
succeeded in transform ing
a garden cane with a
cylindrical papyrus shade
into an elegant, minimalist
standard lamp. Natural
variabilitywithin the
papyrus paper creates a
range of unique textures
and light patte rns,
mimicking the spu n-fibre
shades of the '95 0S.

JasperStartup,Startup 310
/ Design, UK

e StartupDesign, UK )10

•
(}
Bamboo, papyrus paper

• Renewable materials
• Low-energy
manufacturing
28 1

)27,
)28

...
 PO/ 99 0 2 C · D
Framin g th e bulb not on ly
focuses the viewer on th e
light so urce but also
provid es a protective
package during distri but ion
an d reta iling.

.,
/
Jeffrey Bernett, UK

Cappellin;SpA, Italy
304

314

Cardboard, lampholder 288-9,

,- -f
11 341
• Economyof materials 32 7
~I (} usage

Soft Box
Special clays are fashi on ed
into dur able lightin g un its.
Ceramics are tr aditi on ally
.,
/
Marre Moerel,
Netherlands
Prototype
308

used for bases for table

lamps but he re the
material forms the base
an d th e shade.
•
(}
Earthenware, porcelain

• Abundant, inorganic
materials
295

327
--
Post It lamp
A strong cardboard tube
with plastic end caps
arrives through the post,
the contents are extracted
and within minutes it is
asse mbled into a compact
but functional table light.
While not particularly
robust , the Post It Lamp
minimizes transport
emissio ns and costs, as the
packaging is used to form
the lamp base. This is a
neat idea that can be
extended to other des ign
applications.
2pm Limited, UK 3' 2
/
zpm Limited, UK 3' 2
0
•
(}
Cardboard, plastic,
paper,electrical
comoonents
341
• Economyofmaterials 327 ,
usage 328
• Reductionin energy of
transportandassembly
l
Tablelamps
Inexpensive extruded t ubes
of 100 per cent-recycled
HDPEare cleverly
juxtaposed with another
extruded compo nent to
produce an eas ily
asse mbled and att ractive
WojtekStachowicz,
/ USA
One-offs, smallbatch
0 production
•
Recycled HOPE
• Recycled materials
(}
/ORAaward, ' 995
Q.
floor lamp. This is proof
that the use of recyclates
does not limit or stifle
design. Indeed, it can be
argued that the constraint
of using only recyclates can
generate creativity.
3'0
34'
327
332
SailbuoyCanvas
Four coloured filters can be
fitted to the polypropylene-
paper laminate shade to
alter lighting mood. A
wooden base is fitted with
a lampholder for a lO-watt
compact fluorescent lamp
(CFL) , ensuring low energy
consumption and heat
outp ut.
.,
/
NeilWilson, UK
Lampholder2000pIc,
UK
3"
3'9
•
,}
Polypropylene, paper,
wood
Multifunctionaltask or
moodlighting
34'
329
Floor, Table and Miscellaneous

The Eyeof the Peacock

Plastic bottles are sh redded
and reconst ituted to form
a fascinating melange
of colour and texture,
the original bottle tops
and sealing rings further
enhancing the texture and
varietyofthis wallpanel.
Illuminated from behind
with fluorescent lighting,
this wallpanel illustrates
the capacityof new
materialsto create a
visualstimulu s.

Bdr + Knell, Germany 30 4

/
One.off
«)

•
(}
HDPEand LOPEbottles 34 1

• Recycled materials 327

Table/floor lights
Precision laser-cut Trupan
MDF is combined with
paper and steel rods with
birch ball feet to create an
intriguing form, which
exposes all the unfinished
raw materials. Economic al
use of natu ral coloured
materials illust rates the
ability of such products to
compete with more
established lighting
designs.

BurgesZbryk, E+ Z 306,
/ Design,USA 311
E+Z Design, USA 306
«)

•
(}
MDF, paper, steel,
birchwood
• Renewableand
recyclable materials
lORAaward, 1997
295,
339
327

332
q.
-
Table lamp
This little lamp
recontextualizes banal,

., Stichting Art Depot, 310

.
everyd ay objects such as
/ Netherlands
Smallbatchproduction
cutlery into a new,
revitalize d, sc ulpt ural form . Reusedcutlery 34'
Exam ining th e pot enti al
uses of existi ng prod ucts • Reusedobjects 327,
has its rewar ds . ~ • Reducedenergyoj 328
manuJacturing
lORAaward, 1997 332
Q.

Lightcolumns
Biir+Knell,Gennany 30 4
Plast ic pac kaging waste batch a nd high-volum e /
offers a won derful palette
of colour s an d gra ph ical
produc tion, t hese lon g
cylinde rs of plast ic e One·off

shapes whe n recycled a nd

recon st itu ted into thin ,
semi -op aqu e s heetin g.
Suitabl e for one-off, s m all-
recyclate illumi nate d with
fluorescent lamps create
an eclectic ran ge of
decorative light s.
•
~
Discarded plastic
packaging
• Recycled materials
34'

327
 ----

Valvestem candlestick
This product is the
culmination of researching
local sou rces of suitable
salvaged manufactured
components available in
sufficient quantities for
large-scale production.
The original design was
driven by the availability
of a stock of valve ste ms
springs proved particularly
effectiveas candleholders
and are eas ilycleaned of
excess wax by bending
the spring.
.,
/
R+r SustainableDesign,
USA
R+rSustainableDesign,
USA
309

309

•
from diesel engines. Other Reusedvalvestemsand 34'
com ponents were tested to liftersprings
see if theywould fulfi l the • Reuse ofredundant 327
required functions of ,~
manufactured
holding the candle and components
collecting wax. Valve lifter q. lORA award, ' 997 332

Viva
Borrowing from the Italian
tradition of using ready-
mades espoused byAchille
Castiglioni and others, the
designers took an existing
folding umbrella, called
Knirps, and converted it
into a quirky, amus ing,
folding light. Many other
products await a similar
process of reincarnation.

Manuel Ribeira 30 6
/ Bandeira de Vianna,
Brazil,andFrancisco

., Gomez Paz, Argentina,

DomusAcademy, Italy
Pratotype

•
~
Reused umbrella

• Reuseofexisting
product
34 1

327
-

Powerglas s"
A sandwich of co nd uctive
mate rial, which is
com pletely tr an sp arent ,
is embedded betwee n
layers of ordin ary glass .
Single or mu ltilam inate
conductive glass affords
different power-carrying
capacities, so thi s patented
technology ca n be used
a range of appli cations
for light ing, switche s,
e lectronic d is plays and
so on , esp ecially for low-
voltage appli cat ion s.

Gla, Platz, Germany 317

/
ClosPlatz. Germany 317
0

•
Q
Transparent conductive
material, glass
• Transparentelectrical
conductor
295

329
 Delight
o
oe:r
Th is decorative wa ll panel
doubles up as a wall lam p.
Iii '
~ Th e se ductive ambience of
1Il
the ligh t is prov ided by t he
~ co lo ured s hade of s ilicon.
r
s:
::s
Individua l un its can be
pa ired to create dist inctive
OQ
floor lam ps.

Wall bracket
Stripped down to its ba re
essentia ls, t his wa ll bracket
• represents an eco no m ical
de sign . The elect ro nic
ballast a nd co mp act
fluores cent lamp (CFL)
holder s it o n a s im ple
presse d-me tal bracket to
which a curved s heet of
po lypro pylene is atta ched.

Adrien Gardere, France 30 6

~
e Ligne Roset, France 319

.-
•
~
Silicon, electronics,
lamp
• Multifunctiona/ity
341

329 .,
~
Lompholder2000 pIc,
UK
Lompholder 2000 pic,
UK
319

319

•
~
Metol, polypropylene

• Economyofmaterials
usage
• Low·energylighting
295,
34
'
327 ,
329
---
Helmut
This tough, co lourful
outdoor lam p reveals its
origins from th e differe nt
colou red fraction s of H DPE
recycled plastics th at are
recon stit uted in this
inte resting de sig n, which
shows off the ir innate
character istics to
ma ximum effect.

Bar + Knell, Germany 30 4

/
Bopp Leuchten GmbH, 31 3
0 Germany

•
~
Recycled plastic

• Recycledcontent
283,
295
32]

Moo nlight M FL I) Moonlight

Aussenleuchten,
320

A robust, weatherproof, mood swing com ing o n ? Germany

se m i-translucent,
polyeth ylene material is
Simpl y cha nge the
co loured bulb filter,
Ie Moonlight
Aussenleuchten,
Germany
320

moulded in four sizes and choos ing from up to 250 Polyethylene 34 1

fitted with d ifferent sockets
to ena ble t he low-watt age
colours . Moonl ight MFL is
a versa tile, low-energy ,
II • Multifunctional 329
lamps (5-23watt s) to be 'm ood and colour', I~ lighting
fixed into the ea rth or used indoor{o utdo or lighting • Lowenergy
on hard surfa ces . Feel a system. consumption
 Pod Lens
Most lighting is static,
irredeemably rooted to the
electric cabling built into the
fabric of the building. Pod
Lens is a modular system of
a polycarbonate pod unit
with bulb and flex and a
series of bases for standard
or floor lighting. For indoor
or outdoor use, the 'pods
provide for flexible and
decorative lighting at the
whim of the user.

.,
/
RossLovegrave, UK

Luceplan, Italy
30 8

320

•
~
Polycarbonates,
electricalcomponents
• Multifunctional
lighting system
• Upgradabilityand
29 6-7

329

repairability

Outdoor light
Plastic recyclate feedstock
.,
/
Meta Moif, Inc., USA

Meta Moif, Inc., USA

320

320

was worked by rotational

moulding to create a
tough, translucent, granite-
like textured shade. Special
•
~
Recycled plastic,
aluminiumscrap, regard
steel
• Recycled materials
• Low-energylighting
34'

fittings were developed to
take advantage of the
energy savings of com pact
fluorescent light bulbs.
327 ,
329
system
lORAaward, 1997 332
4
Solar Bud
A photovoltaic panel safety lighting, the Solar
generates energy from Bud would also be at
sunlight, stores it in a home in the window box
battery and releases it to of an urban bedsitter.
three low-voltage, red
LEDs , all in a self-
contained unit, which is Ross Lovegrave, UK 3°8
placed in the desired /
position by pushing it
into the soil or other
e Luceplan, Italy 320

suitable medium. Ideal

for garden decorative or •
~
Metals, photovoltaics
andlightemittingdiodes
(LEDs)
295

• Solar-poweredlighting 329
• Very low-energyLED
bulbs
--
Tsola
Most outd oor, solar-
powered lights are above-
ground installations,
which makes them
vulnerable to the
elements, accidental
damage and vandalism.
Tsola is designed to be
installed flush with the
ground and can be walked
or driven upon without
damage. This low- Sutton VaneAssociates, 324
maintenance light is / UK
equipped with a timer Sutton VaneAssociates, 324
that automatically 0 UK
switches the light off
in extended hours of
darkness to conserve
the stored energy in the
•
(}
Photovoltaic,. heavy.
dutygloss, ' tainless
stee', bOllery
• Solarpower
295

329

battery.

Outdoor light

Proving that form and

function are not John M StOlon. USA 310
compromised by using /
recyclates, this outdoor One-off
light fitting is made from 0
60 per cent-recycled glass
blasting beads. Its
curvaceous form reveals an
inner glow suita ble for
•
(}
Recycledgloss

• Recycled materials

lORAaward,1995
295

32]

332
security and decorative Q.
outdoor lighting.
 .,
/
lainSinclairDesign, UK 318

lainSinclairDesign, UK 318

•
~
Stainlesssteel

• Economyofmaterials
usage andenergy
consumption
295

327

iFDesignAward. 2 0 0 0 332
4

Freeplay flashlight
Manufacturers of the
renowned Freeplay wind-up
radios have extended their
product range with this
EON hand-powered torch.
Applications with LED Freeplay EnergyEurope, 317 The design represents a
lighting technology / UK significant improvement on
encourage economical use
of materials, none more so
e Freeplay EnergyEurope,
UK
317 the inexpensive but fairly
useless sma ll torches
than this credit card-sized
torch made of stainless
steel in a recyclable cas ing.
•
o
Plastics, rechargeable
battery, electronic
components
• Human-powered light
• Avoidance of
296-7

329
produced since the ' 970s,
in which squeezing a lever
by hand gene rates a feeble
and rather wobblylight.
hazardous Nowa few minutes'
consumables cranking produces a steady,
reliable light sou rce without
Aladdin Power
the need to consume lots
Generating electricity by of toxic batteries.
using a hand-wound
generator is not a new idea.
The Russian army has
supp lied its conscripts with
a robust, hand-powered
torch since the ' 940S and
plastic-bodied, hand-
cranked torches have been
available since the 1970s.
But Nisso Engineering's
design uses lighter,
modern materials to
improve the efficiency of
the design and possibly
make this an attractive
opt ion for powering other
hand-held electronics such
as mobile phones .
.,
/
NissaEngineering,
Japan
Nissa Engineering,
Japan
321

321

However, these hand-

cranked torches do not
permit anyenergy sto rage
in a battery or in a wind-up
•
~
Polymers, electronic
components, dynamo
• Renewableenergy
source
• Reduces waste
296-7

327,
328

mechan ism as featured in (battery) production

Freeplay Energy's products.
--- Portable
HeddaBesse, IDEO 3°4,
/ Product Development 3° 7 N
for BPSoiar c:
(JQ
International, UK
4)
BPSolarInternational, 313 a::
::J
UK (JQ

•
(}
Photovoltaic cells,
po/ycarbonate,stainless
steel
• Solarpower
341

32 9

A photovolt aic panel

cha rges t he batt e ry, wh ich
can provide up to four
hours' light from one
charge. The la m p is robus t
and portable and operates
in extreme temperat ure s.

SL-Torch Sol aris™ lantern

An 80 per ce nt red uct ion in
mat erials usage is ac hieved
by m aking th e batt e ry into
th e han dle in t his nea t
torch design. Insert th e
batt ery into a hou sing,
which holds t he bu lb, a nd
twist to tu rn on th e to rch.
AntoineCohen, Les
/ Ateliers du Nord,
Switzerland
Leclonche, Switzerland
4)
Two hour s of s un provide
o ne hou r of light fo r this
lant ern , which is capab le of
fun ction ing at -3°'( (-20' F)
and a ltitudes in excess of
7,000 metres (23,000 feet).
Fully cha rged, th e NiMH
battery , which is free of
m ercu ry, cad m ium and
lead , will provide light for
3°5
six hours, but if the batt ery
discha rges go per ce nt of
319 its ca pacity a low-voltage
disconn ect is auto matically

•
(}
Battery, bulb, plastic

• Reduction inmaterials
usage
341

328
triggered . This saves
batt e ry life and ens ures it
will last for up to a
th o usand recharges .
LightCorporation, USA 3'9
/
LightCorporation, USA 3'9
4)

•
(}
Photovoltaics, plastics,
NiMH battery
• Renewable power
source
• Avoidance of
34'

329

hazardous substances
in the battery
 Ecotone Amb iance
Sliml ine
As the process of sh rinking
the compact fluorescent
lamp (CFL) continues,
Philips have developed a
matt-glass, candle-shaped
bulb with an E-14thread.
This encourages use of Philips Lighting av, 309
CFLs in a wider range of / Netherlands
light fittings and so can Philips Lighting av, 309
help save energy. Available 0 Netherlands

•
PHIUPS in 6W, 9W and ll W, the Glass, metalsincluding 295
c:- lamps are manufactured mercury and lead
• Encouraging energy 329
with a minimal amount of ~ conservation
mercury and lead and have iFEcology Design 332
a projected lifesp an of six Q. Award, 2000
years or so.

Mini-LynxAmbience
Although th is CFLlooks
like a conventional
incandescent bulb and is of
the same size, it uses 8 0
per cent less energy.
Making CFLs this size has
Sylvania Design Team, 310
/ UK
SLILighting. UK 324
0 recognizable shape of an
Lampholder 2000
Compact fluorescent lamp s
(CFLs) with standard
bayonet fixi ngs include
been a considerable their own electronic ballast
challenge, since the to 'kick-start' the light.
electronic ballast and Lampholder 200 0 is a light
convoluted fluorescent fitting (in pendant, batten-
tubes produce bulbs that holder, flush-mounted
often protrude beyond or down-light formats)
conventiona l light fittings. with an integral electronic
Sylvania have extended the ballast suitable for
market reach by shrinking direct usage offour-pin-
a standard CFLinto the connector CFLs. After three
changes of a fou r-pin CFLit

•
~
Glass, elea ronic ballast, 295
plastic
• Low energy
consumption
329
incandescent bulb and
offering the bulb in white
and, unusually, apricot
and rose.
is more cost-effective than
the standa rd bayonet CFL
and reduces materials
usage in production.

Lampholder 2000 pic, 319

/ UK
Lompholder 200 0 pic, 319
0 UK

•
~
Various

• Energy conservation
• Reduction of materials
usage
329
..
Philips Ecotone
Amb iance
Although compact
fluorescent lamps consume
up to 80 per cent less
energy than incandescent
tungste n bulbs, the early
CFLdesigns included a U-
sha ped tube, which often
protruded when used in
downside of this energy-
effi cient story is that sma ll
amounts of mercury are
required to man ufacture
each lamp.
Fons Boohm ond Patrick 309 ,
/ vande voorde, Philips

.,
311
conventional fittings. Philips UghtingBV,
have created a satisfying Netherlands
Philips Lighting BV, 3°9
comprom ise by reshaping
Netherlands
the CFLto conventional
lines and size, while still
accomm odating the
electronic ballast in the
•
(}
Glass, plastics,
electronics,mercury
. Low energy
consumption
-More universalshape
283,
295
329

base. Bulbs to SW, gWor

llW outp ut are to the same [orstandardjittings
basic design. The on ly .Longlife

LED®DecorL ED
Li ght emitting diodes
(LEOs) operate on low
voltages and are very
efficient. Ledtronics offers
a range of sta ndard Edison
base-fitting AClight bulbs
in pear, globular and spot
shapes . A bulb fitted with
17 LEOs provides full-
spectru m white light
equivalent to the
illumination provided by
a 2s-watt conventional'
tungsten bulb but
consumes only 1.7 watts.
Typically these LEDbulbs
generate very little heat,
3.4BTUsfhr, compared
with 8SBTUsfhr for an
equivalent tungsten bulb.
Aside from offering huge
energy savings, LEO s last .,
/
Ledtronics, USA

Ledtronics, USA
319

319

•
up to ten times longer
LEOs, metal, glass 295
than CFLs and 133 times
longer than tungs ten • Reductioninenergy 329
bulbs. (} consumption
• Extendedlifespan
 Food Preparation
iChef
Induction technology
uses magnetic fields to
transfer heat from a wire
co il, generated by
electrical energy, into the
contents of a cooking
vessel. Alm os t 95 per
ce nt of t he electr ical
e ne rgy is con vert ed into
heat, wh ich is cla ime d to
be five times m ore
Induced Energy, UK 318
/ can be selected by us ing
Induced Energy, UK 318
0
efficient than a gas ring
and significantly faster
than a co nventional
e lect ric hotplate. Glass is
used to se para te the wire
coil from the coo king
pan o r kettle but , as all
the heat is transferred to
th e vessel, the glas s to p
remai ns coo l, providing
a sa fety adva nta ge ove r
conventiona l cookers.
Precise tem pe ratures
a digital display .

•
(}
Metal, glass

• Improvedenergy
efficiency andsafety
295

329

Aga
Aga-Rayburn cookers are a
symbol of du rable, clas sic
design with over half a
million units su pplied to
the UK an d exported
worldwide . 'Agas' , as they
are fond ly known , have
been made near the iron -
making town ofTe lford ,
Shrops hire, since the
beginning of t he Ind ust rial
Revolut ion. Indeed, the
to accept oil, natu ral or of a n Aga, which, of co urse ,
propane gas o r off-peak can be refurbis hed an d/or
electricity, and since the reca st in the future .
'940S also ca n provide
do mestic hot water an d DrGustafDalen,
central heating needs. Agas / Swedishphysicist, '92 05
are a coveted status symbol Ago·Rayburn, UK 312
in any dom es tic kitchen, 0
re present ing 'good m iddle-
class taste'. The re may be
more en ergy-efficie nt
designs on th e market but
•
(}
Cast;ron

materials
• Durability
295

• Recycled andrecyclable 327,

329

Coa lbrook da le foun dry, few can ma tc h the lifes pa n

which supplies castings
for the cooker, ma de
sections of the world's
first iron bridge in 1779
at Ironbr idge . Scrap and
pig iron are the raw
ingred ie nts to create
the handmade cast iron
sections that form the
basic co m po nents of
the cooker. Poor -qua lity
cas tings a re simp ly
recycled. O riginally a
solid-fue l cooker, t he
Aga-Rayburn has been
im proved over the years

Solar cooker
Cardboard co ate d with a
specia l reflective surface
focuses the sun's energy
on to a dar k-colou red
cook ing pot. In subtro pical
an d tropical regions it is
possible to save the
equivalent of 30 pe r cent of
the annua l firewood
consum ptio n of a typical
hou sehold us ing th is
cooker . This device
provides peop le in the
developing world who face
fuel wood shortages with
the means to ster ilize water
and have hot food.
BernardKerrand Pejack 3°4
/ Campbell, USA
SolarCookers
4) lntemationai, USA
•
~
Cardboard, reflectivefail 34 1
• Passive solar power
Food Preparation
32 4
32 9
Cafe Duo HD 1740/42,
Cuci na Duo
This slimline one- or two-
cup coffee maker com bines
aes the tic flair with Philips's
high eco-stan dar ds. In-
line dr ip filters a re ea sily
removed from the to p, the
pro duct in stand-by mode
does not consume an y
electr icity and all parts are
marked for recycling.
Philips Design, 3°9
/ Netherlands
Philips Electronics BV, 32 2
4) Netherlands
•
~
Metal, thermoplastic,
electricalcomponents
• Energyefficient
• Designf ordisassembly
and recycling
34 1
32 8 ,
32 9
iFDesign Award, 2 000 332
4
Food Preparation
Glass kett le, glass
toaster, microclimate
Stefano Mazzano,
dire ctor of des ign at
Philips Elect ronics,
coordinated a project
whose tas k was to
con sider the iss ue of
'an ony m ity in des ign'.
In th e ultra -compet itive
mar ketpla ce for electronic
products, often it is only
the bra nd name that
iden tifies t he produ ct,
alt hough compan ies Products are purc hased exami ne kitchen new approach . The
s uch as Apple Computers because they reflect applia nces . Philips see a challenge is st ill to re-
have con sistently so meth ing of the vita l combin ation of engage consumers and
demonstrated that eye- consumer's personality. enhanced funct iona lity, enc ou rage the m to re-
catching aesthetics with This fact was we ll greater application of examine kitche n
product performance will established in the m id- digital technology and appliances .
always ca pt ure market 1990S an d is catered for inclusion of mo re
atte nt ion. Con su m er by th e Philips-Aless i ' personality' into futur e
surveys con ducted by ran ge of products dat ing app liances. The Glass
Philips indicat ed t hat from th at time on . The Kettle, Glass Toaste r and
functionality is not the challenge is still to re- Microclim ate are
only criterion on wh ich engage consumers and conceptual prototypes
purchases are made. enc ourage them to re- that str ive to reflect this

Philips ElectronicsBV, 322

/ Netherlands

e Conceptualprototypes

•
~
Glass, plastics,
electronics
• Improvedenergy
performanceanduser
functionality
295

329

• Potentialincrease in
longevity
-- Cleaning

Rondo
All components of th is
hand- he ld sprayer can be
separated for repa ir and
recycling. This facility also
means that customers ca n
choose th e colour and
/ Produktgestaltung.
0 5chulte-Frankenfeld,
POLTI EcoiogicoAS81O
For those who suffe r from
finis h of the central 0 .75- asthma th is vacuum
litre-capacity [i .j-pint} ball. cleaner is a boon . Its wate r-
An adjustable nozzle and based filtration system
pump pres sur es up to 3 removes 99. 99 per cent of
bar m ake th is a funct ional dust up to 0-3 microns
clea ning too l. including pollen , dust-mite
faeces and cigarette smoke.
Paper bags are replaced
with a removable water
filter, which is emptied
after use and has an
BE5T, Burofiir 304 approximate lifetime of six
months .
Germany
Gloria-Werke, H. 317
Germany Polti,ltaly 322

•
~
Various polymers and
metals
• Recyclable
295-7

327
/
0
Polti,ltaly 322

Karcher 670 M
components

•
~
Various plastics, metals

• Reduction inuseof
consumables
• Improved health
295-7

328.
329

This product incorporates
many des ign features
that will become
standard practice for
manufacturers who have a
responsible attitude to the
environment. Metal and
plastic components are
environment
discrete and easi ly
separated, the latter be ing
mainly ASS and PA, which
are recyclable . The
manufacturer guarantees
to take back the product
when its useful life is over.
The or iginal cardboard
packaging is kept to a
minimum, the manual is
printed on recycled paper
and the machine is virtually
maintenance-free.

Teams Design, 310

/ Germany
Alfred Karcher GmbH, 312
0 Germany

•
~
recyclable plastics.
metals
• Designfor disassembly,
maintenance-free
• Manufacturertakes
295-7

327.
328•
330
bockproduct at endof
itslife
• Minimal-packaging
efficiency
Cleaning
Dyson Dual Cyclone
range
Hoover and other ma jor
manufacturers of vacuum
cleaners watched their
global market share
decrease as James Dyson 's
bagless version , using two
ultra -fast spinning
centrifugal chambers,
grabbed a significant
market share in the 1990 S.
Unlike conventional
cleaners, in which suction
decreases as filters and
bags become full, the
cyclone syste m maintains
100 pe r ce nt suction and
the trou blesome task of
removing a full bag is
replaced with emptyi ng th e
contents of the ma in
cha mber. The or igina l
Dyson Dua l Cyclone was
introduced to t he UK in
1986 but d idn't find
commercial success until
1993, when the DC0 2
became the best-selling
upright cleaner. Dyson
Appliances now produce a
range of upr ight and
horizontal vacuum cleaners
and the cyclone system has
been establ ished worldwide
as other manufacturers
int rod uced similar
machines to their existing
ranges. Today the principle
of centrifugal vacuum
design is well established,
eliminating the wastage of
vast quantities of paper
bags .
.,
James Dyson and Dyson 306
/ Appliances, UK
•
Dyson Appliances, UK 315
Plastics, motor, electrics
• Avoidsuseof
~ consumables (paper
bags)
• Improvedefficiency
withgreatere/eanliness
and health
• Designforeasy
maintenance
POlTI Vaporetto 2400
Super-heated steam is an
effective agent in cleaning
and sterilizing carpets,
mattresses and upholstery,
which obviates the need to
use strong and/or to xic
chemical cleaners . Steam is
also a safer method than
insecticides of killing dust
mites an d other insects.
Tap wate r is heated in a
pressurized steel con tain er
and dispersed via the o ut let
hose, wh ich ca n be fitted '
with a ra nge of brush es
a nd hose-ends .
Polti, Italy 322
/
e 322
Polti, Italy
283,
295
•
~
Variousplastics,
stainlesssteel
• Reduction in useof
consumables
• Improvedhealth
283,
295
327
327
environment
 Cleaning

Oko-Lavarnat 86720**
Combine advanced rinse
technology (ART)
with Fuzzy-Logic
microprocessors in an
Oko-Lavarnat body and one
is close to defining one of
the world's most efficient
washing machines . Five kg
(11 Ib) of dirty cotton
laundry washed at a 60·C
(140· F) cycle require only
39 litres (8 gals) of water
and 0.89 kWh of electricity,
placing model 86720 in the
EU's Energy Label highest-
efficiency 'A' class and well
within the EU Eco-Iabel
Titan
thresholds. Water quantity,
wash temperature and AEG, Germany 312 Ever thought of putting
cycletime are controlled by
/ your laund ry basket inside
AEG, Germany 312
the microp rocessor, which 0 your washing machine?

•
can be upgraded as new Steel, metals, rubber, 28 3, This is the solution
detergents and other electronics, motorand 295 developed by Monotub
washing aids are pump Industries, which designed
developed. • Energy and water 329, a laundrytub that is
~ conservation 330 inserted at an angle into
the machine. Water is
delivered from stainless-
steel jets em bedded into
the walls of the tub, whose
load capacity is 40 per cent
higher tha n average
machines. With its wide-
opening doo r and push-
button control panel using
familiar symbols and
icons, the Titan meets
EU 'A' ratings for wash
performance and energy
efficiency.

MonotubIndustries 320
/ withTKO Design and
Cock u<Hen, UK
Monotub Industries, UK 320
0

•
~
Polypropylene, steel,
electronics
• High energy and water
efficiency
• Combinedlaundry
295,
34 1
329 ,
330

storage and washing

system
 Cleaning

o
o ~-------------------­
0-
Iii '
~ Hoov e r Quattro
1Il

Q' Whis per Easy Logic

r mode lAliajo
s:
:J In 1993 Hoover became the system and large r than
OQ
first man ufacturer of average drum facilitate
washing machines to be wash move men t, ensu ring
awarded the EU Eco-label, that a Skg (11Ib) loa d takes
which sets t hres ho ld values only 4 9 litres (io.Sg als) of
of 0 .23kWh/kg for ene rgy wate r.
usage and 15 litres of water
per kilogra m (l.s gais/l b) of
la und ry, with its New Wave
ra nge of m achin e s. The
co m pa ny has stea dily built
on its repu tat io n for
efficient machines 'A' rated
und er th e EU Energy Label. Hoover Group, UK 318
The curr ent range includes /
the Qu attro Whisper Easy steel, plastics, electric 28 3,
Logic system , which uses 4) pump and motor 295
so und-a bso rbing panel s
an d im proved s us pe ns ion
to redu ce op erat io nal
noise. A Powerjet s pray
•
,}
Various

Low energyand water

consumption
329.
330

Staber System 2 0 0 0
Bucking the trend for ma intena nce. The
horizontal-axis-driven fron t- manufactu rers claim
load ing was hing machines, red uced e nergy, water a nd
the Staber System 2000 det ergent consumption.
offers a to p-loaded
machine into wh ich the Staberlndustries, USA 324
stain less-steel bas ket of /
laund ry is int roduced . StoberIndustries, USA 324
Energy-sa ving feat ures
4)
include the use of a
var iable-s pee d mo tor . Easy
acces s to th e intern al
com po nents ca n be gained
•
~
Stainlesssteel, steel,
resin and various other
materials
• Energyand water
conservation
284,
295

33°

by lifting the front pan el • Energyefficientto

and fitting a se lf-clea ning EnergyStarguidelines
filter, th us facilitating
 Cooling

OZ2 3
Curvy lines and a ' rollerba ll'
foo t to the doo r give better
access than con ventiona l
fridge -freezers to the co ld
sto rage and freeze r spa ces ,
which here have a cap acity
of 211 litre s (46 gallon s) .
Planet DC
Atte ntio n to detail is This DC refrigerat or /
evident in th e use of' CFC- freeze r of O.33CU m (11 .6cu
free ' isob utan e R60 0A ft) capacity, o pe rates from
co olant and cyclo pentane 12V or 24V an d can be
insu lation, which redu ce s usta ined with a ny s m all,
th e imp act of harmful domestic, rene wable -
aer ial em iss ions; in the energy syst em usin g deep-
EU Energy Label 'A' rat ing cycle batteries, for
for appl ian ce s; a nd in .exarnple, a photovoltaic
the low noise level of th e modu le cap able of
compressor mot or , which ge ne rating 150W.
hum s a long at a q uiet
38dbA. Wheth er th is model
has greater longevity tha n
oth er current models and
is eas y to main tain and
.,
/
Planet, USA

Planet, USA
322

32 2

•
~
Various

• Low-voltagedevicefor
domesticrenewable-
energysystems
329

repa ir rem ain to be seen

but an appliance with su ch
personality mig ht just
rece ive a bit more car e and
attention from the owner.
The e nd-of-life sc e nario is
a lso im po rtant - will
Electr olu x Zanu ssi be
taking the se back?

Roberto Pezzetta, 309

/ Luciano Pesavento,
Zanussi Industrial
Design Centre, Italy

e f /eetrolux Zanussi, Italy 3' 5

•
~
Various

• Improvedfunctionality 329
• f nergy efficient
Cooling
Supercool' "
Traditional refrigerant
manufacturing involves the
use of chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs, HCFCs) as coolants
but Supercool AS have
exploited the Peltier effect
of a doped bismuth
telluride thermocouple ,
which avoids using any of
the ozone-depleting gases .
Athermoelect ric panel
operated on a low-voltage
Supercool' box
A panel of thermocouples
of doped bismuth telluride
is capable of pump ing heat
and provides the cooling
for this transportable
refrigeration box suitable
for commercial or domestic
use at l2Vor 24V.
SupercoolAB, Sweden 32 4
/ • Non-toxic refrigeration
SupercoolAB, Sweden 324
(I
•
~
Thermoelectricmodule, 34
bismuth telluride, plastic
• Reductioninenergy
consumption
• Non-toxic refrigeration
'
329 ,
34 0
systemJreeof CFCsor
HCFCs
system (l2V, Z4V)
consumes a modest lOW
to provide sufficient
cooling for a small hotel
minibar. A further
advantage is that the
mechanism operates
silently, unlikethe familiar
hum of conventional
coolant systems .
Supercool AB, Sweden 324
/
Supercool AB, Sweden 32 4
(I
•
Thermoelectricmodule, 341
bismuthtelluride, plastic
• Reduction in enetgy 329 ,
~ consumption 340
systemJreeof CFCsor
HCFCs
Vestfrost BK350
Vestfrost is one of the Using the alterrnative
world's largest 'Greenfreeze' refrigerants,
manufactu rers of Vestfrost remains the only
refrigerators and freezers manufacturer in Europe
and took an early lead in holding the EU Eco-Iabel
showing environmenta l for this category of
responsibilityby removing app liances.
all CFCsand HFCs from
its model range in ' 993.
DavidLewis, UK 308
/
Vestfrost, Denmark 325
(I
•
~
Metal, plastics, rubber,
electric motorand
compressor
• Lowenetgy
consumption
34'
32 7,
329
• Clean production
Sycamore fan DannyGasser. Michael 306
Ins piration for the form of
/ Hart, Ben Sheperdand
QuisinhTran, Australia
th is mono-blade fan cam e Limited batch
from the humble winged 0 production
seed s of the sycamo re tree .
This organic design uses
recycled PET to create a
lightwe ight blade that is
•
~
Recycled PET

• Recycledmaterials
• Reductioninenergy
consumption
34 1

e ne rgy efficient an d quiet.
Wind
In the Ind ust rial Revolution
iron and steel usurped
natural materi als, so it is
refreshing to see the
process cleverly reversed in
t he ho using of th is electri c
fan, in which woven ratta n
replaces the con vent ional
pressed she et steel or
plastic. At the sa me time
q. /ORAaward, '9 97
from an object of cold
function alism to one
of playful cha racter.
Most of the m aterials
can be recycled o r / Design, UK
co mposted .
0 Aeronautics
•
~
327,
329
Soft fan
Resembling a wilted flower,
the sta tionary fan com es to
life as the electric mot or
332 builds up speed and
centrifuga l forces unfu rl th e
fabric 'blades '. Once fully
taut, the blades produce a
whorl of colour and generate
a wide-a ngle bree ze . Unlike
conv entional meta l- or
plastic-bladed fans , the Soft
Fan requires no guard .
JasperStartup, Startup 310
Paul Priestman in 309
Getvasonl SpA, Italy 317 / collaborationwiththe
RattDn, steel, electrics

• Recyclableand
281,
295
327,
composlablematerials 330 0
Department, Imperial
College, London, UK
Prototype

th e fan is transformed

•
~
Fabric, plastic, electric
motor

usage over
conventionaldesigns
283,
290-1
• Reduction inmaterials 327
Felt1 2 x12
Be your own fashion
des igner using
Fo rtunecookies's felt
squares backed with
Velcro: assemble a
jacket, trousers , wedding
d ress or any other
ga rment in yo ur own
personal ized style.
Bo red with the look?
Deconstruct your design
an d sta rt aga in. Fas hio n
is placed back in the
ha nds of th e consumer.

Fortunecookies, 30 6
tf Denmark
One.off, Fortunecookies, 30 6
0 Denmark

•
(}
Felt, Velcro

• Moduforsyslemfor
reuseof components
• Renewable moten"ol
301

32]

(fell)
 Clothing
HussainChalayan, 30 4.
/ AmayaArzuaga, 30 5. -i>.
GaspardYurkievich, 309 . -l
Preta Porter
Various
11
;'" .
0 iil
Vl

•
III
TENCELo 29 1 ::l
o,
• Renewable,
.,.,
III
327.
(} compostoble materials 33°
Vl
::r
• Cleaner production o'
::l

TEN CEL® fashion

garments
Three inte rnatio na lly
re nowned des igners
revea l the versa tility of a
manmade fibre usi ng
natural cellulose der ived
from managed forests .
TENCEL" is from renewable
resources and is
manufactured in a c1osed-
loop clean production
process. With goo d
dra pa bility a nd a wide
choice of surface finishes
and weaves. TENCEL" fabr ics
offer the convenience and
feel of modern synthetics
and have a redu ced im pact
on the environment. All
this is proof that today's
levels of comfort and
style ca n be mai ntai ned
without sacrificing t he
environment. TENCEL'" is
one of the modern success
storie s of the glob al textile
industry.
10939 wedding dres s
Hess Naturtextil ien
examined how the eco -
efficiency of a typical
wedd ing dress could be
improved , bearing in mind
the extravagance of using
su ch a dress for a single
day only. The ir solution
is to make a dress using
40 per cent woven hem p
with 60 per cent silk
with an organic cotton
undergarment and lace.
Manufacturing processes
dramatically red uce
che mical treatments and
wate r co nsu mption. For
the first year of its life the
dress is le nt to a se ries of
happ y brides, th ereaft er it
is made ava ilable for
pur ch ase. Hydrocarb on
dry-cleaning repl aces the
traditiona l cocktai l of
volatile chem icals in
between loans . And with
luck the dress will be
further reu sed by the
bride's friends an d relatives
befo re being recycled via
textile reclaimers.
.,
/
HessNaturtextilien
GmbH, Germany
HessNaturtextilien
GmbH, Germany
318
318
•
Hemp, silk, cotton 291
• Hire ratherthan 327,
~ ownership 328
• Renewablematerials
• Clean production
Design Senseawards,
4 Shortlist, 1999
332

New Nomads
Out of the Vision for th e
Futur e project o riginated by
Philips in ' 997 emerged a
co llection of se venty
pro totype s includ ing a
range of New Nomad s
wearable clothing and
ob jects for the IT age. Cent ral
to the co nce pt of being ab le
to wa nde r a round like a
no mad while remaining
co nnecte d to the informatio n
superhighway was the need
to recharge equipment.
Hen ce a mult ipocketed
waistcoat becomes a
rech arging station for han d-
held electron ic eq uipment, as
an att ached so lar panel
sto res ene rgy in slim,
lightwe ight batteries.
Philips Design,
/ Netherlands
Prototypes, Philips
0 Design, Netherlands
•
~
Varioustextiles,
electronics
• Solar-powered
wearablegenerator
• Reductionin battery
consumption
Levis Engine ered Jeans
Jeans are firmly rooted in
popular cu lture an d have
bee n the workwear
ga rm ent of choice for
m illions over the last
century. Cott on fibre has
bee n the favo ured raw
m aterial for all jean s
ma nufacturers but cotton
fab rics carry a significant
raft of e nvironme ntal
burd ens from pesti cide
applications and ot her to xic
agents used in the textile
production process . Today
Levi Strauss, one of the
wo rld's largest clothing
manufactu rers, uses a
special nat ura l ce llulose-
based ,low-environmenta l-
im pact fibre ca lled TENCEL®
for its new line of Levis
Engineered Jeans .
LeviStrauss. Inc., USA 319
/
LeviStrauss, Inc., USA 319
0
•
~
TENCELe
• Renewable,
campostable materials
• Clean production
29
327
'
30 9
30 9
29
329
'
 Clothing
Sen sor s po rtswear
o
o
0-
Toda y's fascina tions with so in the know ledge that th e
fashion and electronic in-built global po sition ing
ro'
(:l. technology find a meeting satell ite will stop them from
III
po int in these prototype gett ing lost. Water and
Q' garments by Philips electronics don 't genera lly
r
s:::> Des ign/Ph ilips Research .
Street-cred den im is
mix, so presumably the
electronic elements can be
llQ
embedded with an audio detached before the
system in Audio clothing is consigned to the
Streetwear and in-flight laundry bin.
communications are

.,
integrated into the stretch Philips Design/Philips 309
woo l lmagina ir-Airline / Research, Netherlands
Workwear outfits for cab in Protatype
crew . Sensor Sportswea r
includ es e lectro nics to
monitor bod ily functions,
while s nowboarde rs intent
o n go ing off-piste ca n do
•
(}
Textiles, electronics

• Improvedfunctionality 329
29 1

Marije Vogelzang, 311

refreshin g to see new talent / graduatestudent 2000,
exami ning the pot ential of
3-D techniques su ch as
knitt ing to create ga rme nts ., Design Academy
Eindhoven,Netherlands
Prototype

•
that litera lly em brace the
Yarn 290- 1
female form . Perh ap s the
days of the Won de rbra a re • Exploring more 329
nu m bered. (} comfortable clothing

Titsh irt
The scu lpt ura l designs of
the likes of Issey Miyake
are well known as a source
of ins piratio n. So it is
 Footwear

Wool felt slippers

A single piece of thick, 100
per cent-wool felt is wrapped
around the foot and
Eurocomfort...with an fastened with Velcrotape to
edgel'" form a comfortable slipper.

Deep Ee is a manufacturer trees in the Amazon,

of casual footwear with
a policyof using
environmentally and
socially responsible
materials. Part of the
Brazilia collection, Euro
comfort...with an edge!' ''
DanielOhlsson, Sweden 309
thereby helping to sustain /
the forest and local Smallbatchproduction
economy. Components 0
are fixed with water-based
rather tha n solvent-based
glues. Deep Ee is an
excellent example of
•
(}
Felt, Velcro

• Coldfabrication
• Renewable material
• Economyofmaterials
301

327,
328
are durable slip-on casuals a business whose
usage
made from Sustana" existence is based on the
leather and Nativa Rubber. fundamental principle
Sustana " leather is from of sustainability.
the organically raised cattle
of the Coleman ranch,
Colorado, and is tanned in Deep ~, USA 315
Wisconsin with low-toxicity, /
Deep ~, USA 315
trivalent chromium,
0

•
chorine-free, water-based
Leather, rubber 283,
dyes and finishes and with 285
maximum recycling and • Materialsfrom 327
minimum effluent. Nativa (} renewable resources
Rubber is produced from • Supply-chain
latex harvested from wild management
 Accessories

o The Body Shop range

o
0- Since its formation in the
n;'
!=). 1970 S the eth os ofThe
VI
Body Shop has been to
Q' prov ide a holisti c, natura l
r
:s:
:l
approach to body care
and hygiene, with due
llQ
cons idera tion to the
e nvironmenta l, ethica l
and socia l responsi bilities
of the business. That
approach stil l drives what
has now become the
role model for an ethic al
international bus ine ss.
Encour ag ing recycling of
packaging materials, such
as the HOPE bott les used
for many formulat ions , is
TheBodyShop, UK 313 an integral part of the da y-
/ to-day business . Having
The BodyShop, UK 313 used up the prod uct, the
0 user is encouraged to take

•
~
Naturalails,
conditioners, soapsand
recyclable HOPE
• Reusableand
recyclable containers
34 1

327,
330
the bott le back either for
a refill or for recycling.
Product information is
generally printed direc tly on
• High natural-content to the bottles to elim inate
ingredients the need for stick-on labe ls
a nd facilitate recycling.

DOM IN0 4
Leather offcuts from hides
processed us ing natu ral
vegeta ble ta nnins are
cleverly cut and stitched
into new bags , the smooth
surface of the leath er
con trasting with the texture
of the cowhide. Fas hion
emerges from the
production waste strea m in BREECollection GmbH 313
a modern ma keover of a / KG, Germany
BREE CollectionGmbH 313
classic 1970S design .
0 KG, Germany

•
~
Leather, cowhide

• Renewablematerials
• Reductionof
production waste
285

327,
328

iFDesignAward, 2000 332

q.
-
Accessories

T he In ner T ube
In the UKover 70 per cent
of all inner tub es a re
incinerated or d umped in
landfill sites . McDona gh
transforms th is waste into
an eclectic fashion
statement. Evironmental
concern meets c1ubbers in
the twilight zone. This
design received a UK
Millennium Product award .

JulieMcDonagh, UK 308
/
The InnerTube, UK 318
0

•
~
Rubberfrom consumer
uses
• Reuse ofwaste
materials
283

32]

La Vie Prolongee
There are two s ides to the
fashi on coin : the mass-
prod uced high-st reet
brand s an d the un ique
on e-offs or lim ited
ed ition s. Trachsel's work
Sonja Trachsel, 310
exem plifies the craft-
based techniques. She
/ Switzerland
Small batch production, 310
takes old magazine pages, 0 Sonja Trachsel,
im pregnates them with Switzerland
s unflower oil and en closes
th em in delicate o rganza
fab ric. These hand bags
exhibit a light touch in all
•
~
Recycledmagazines,
sunfloweroil,organZQ
• EconomyoJ.usage of
recycledand natural
materials
34 1

32 ]

sen ses of the word .

Motorized Vehicles

CitymobilC,
In May 1998, at the annua l
BMW Day ofTechnology,
the Citymob il C, was
announced as a new-
concept vehicle s pec ially
designed to offer ind ividu al
mobility in cities and
me tropol itan areas. Single-
occupancy cars account for
almost 80 per cent of
urban journeys. The C1 ,
launched in April 2000,
pro vides an alternative for
urban car drivers who are
fairings an d a st iff frame ,
resis tan t to twist ing,
pro vide front -end co llision
prot ection similar to th at of
a s ma ll ca r. An ABS o ption
e nsur e s s kid-free braking
an d a un ique curved
wind s hield a rches ove r th e
driver, providing bett er
weather protection than
conventional motorscooters.
Fuel consumption is a
respectable 2.91/lOokm
(about 97mpg) and
lower em issio ns? .lhe big
questio n is whether the city
su its and tren dse tters will
be lured ou t of th e comfort
of thei r existing vehicles.
BMW, Germany 313
/
BMW, Germany 313
4)
• Allayframe, rubber

some recyclable,
recvcled
• Reduction infuel
28\ ,
wheels, various plastics- 341

frustrated with congested
roads. Conscious of some
of the dr awbacks of two -
whee led tra nsp o rt, BMW
have st riven to imp rove
safety stan da rds and
comfort. Cras h ba rs and
329
em issions are reduced (} consumptionand
by a three -way catalyt ic emissions
converter. Can t he C1 • Alternative modeof
ca pt ure a new audie nce transport to single-
with its lower road tax a nd occupancy cars
operating cos ts , reduced
fue l co nsu m ptio n an d
q. DesignSenseawards,
2 000
332
- Motot:ized Vehicles
Ecobasic
Ifany European
manufacturing company
understands the
requirements of the low-
cost, small-car market it is
Fiat. From the Topolino
and the Fiat 500 series in
the late 1940S and early
'9SOS to the Panda and
Cinquecento in the 1980s
and ' 990s, Fiat has always
kept true to its vision of
economical products to
ens ure that the 'freedom of
the road' really reaches a
mass market. Ecobasic is
the prototype for a
production model capable
of yielding about 3Skmflitre
(i oompg) at a price of
[3.30 0. This minimalist
design incorporates a steel
frame to which coloured
plastic panels and a one-
piece polycarbonate
tailgate are fixed . A1.2-litre,
sixteen-valve, four-cyclinder
Fiat JTD turbodiesel engine
is coupled with a five-
speed manual gearbox.
Selection of the 'econ'
transmiss ion mode
automatic ally cuts the FiatAuto, Italy 316
engine if the car is /
stationary for more than Prototype, Fiat Auto, 316
four second s but the 0 Italy
engine restarts as soon
as the accelerator is
pressed . Fixed rear side
panels can be exchanged
•
~
Steel, thermoplastics,
variousothermaterials
• Reductionoffuel
consumption
• Lightweight, modular
295,
34'
329
for doors if a four-door construction
version is required.
 Motorized Vehicles
EVl
o
o Launched in December
0- '996, the EV, was General
ro' Motors's first production
~
1I1
vehicle for non-commercial
Q' use to be entirely powered
r
s:
:J
byan electric engine. It was
an attempt to deal with the
(JQ
effects of state legislation
to reduce vehicle
emiss ions, such as the
1985Californian law
that set a 2 per cent sales
volume of zero-emission
cars by 1998. Capable
of achieving i ookm /h
(62·smph) in 9 seconds

.,
from a standing sta rt General Matars, USA 317
and with a top speed of development s in battery /
129km/ h (82mph), the technology have ensured GeneralMotors, USA 317
EV, was no slouch, but that such power-to-weight
its performance was
constrained by the S33kg
(l ,172Ib) of batteries
needed to move the
ratios are now a thing of
the past.
•
~
Various

• Zeroemissions
(assuming itis
rechargedfrom a
329

vehicle's mass of 817kg renewableenergy

(l,797Ib). Fortunately supply)

Insi g ht
Claimed to be the world's
most efficient petrol-
powered car, the Insight
Unit (PCU) when the car is external electricitysources. Honda,Japan 318
accelerating, to provide Reduction in kerb weight, /
'Moto r Assist'. This which is just 83Skg
e Honda.japan 318

•
is actually a hybrid improves power output (1 ,837Ib), is achieved bya
Various
petrol/electric car featuring and low-speed to rque. lightweightaluminium
Honda's Integrated Motor During deceleration the body (borrowing design • Fuel economy 329
Assist (IMA'"). The IMA batteries are recharged, so principles from the Honda ~ • Lightweight
combines a high-efficiency the car is independent of NSX sports car). construction
99SCC petrol engine with a
lOkW ultra-thin, in-line,
brushless DC electric
motor to achieve about
30km/ litre (83mpg) and
Sogrn/k rn (4.soz/mi le)
C02 emissio ns (less tha n
half the EU2000 limit).
Connecting directly to the
crankshaft, the electric
motor draws power from a
zokg, 144Vnickel metal-
hydride batteryvia an
electronic Power Control
-
Motorized Vehicles

PETare between 10 and 20

per cent of conventional
material costs and reduce
body weight to S4Skg
(l,200Ib) and permit
reasonable fuel economy,
about 18kmf litre (som pg),
for the small two-cylinder
engine.

DaimlerChrysler, USA 314

/
DaimlerChrysler, USA 3
0 (workingprototvpe} '4
Daim ler Chrysler CCV
(Com posite Concept
Vehicle)
Borrowing heavily from developing countries four bolts and adhesives to
•
~
Main bodypanels:
recyclable polyelhylene
terephthalate (PET)
• Recyclableplaslicbody
panels
34 1

328,
329,
the remarkable low-cost where rough roads and a steel frame and requires • Reduction in useof 330
design of the Citroen 2CV excessive loading regularly no painting. Production materialsand energy
(originally designed in make unusual dema nds times are thus reduced to duringproduction
1949), the CCV project of of passenger vehicles. one-third or less of those • Reduction in useof
1997focused on the need An injection-moulded for conventiona l cars, fossilfuels
• Easilydismantled01
to produce an economical compos ite body is made of which are typically twenty
endof life
car for the ma rkets in two halves attached with hours per car. Costs of the

Ggo
Innovative weight-saving
and excellent aerodynamics
give fuel economy, which is
further improved by the
three-cylinder ECOTEC
engine developed for the
Corsa by Vauxhall Moto rs
Ltd in the UK.

General Molars, USA, 3 ,

/ wilhVauxhall Molars '7
325
LId, UK
GeneralMolars, USA, 3 7,
0 wilhVauxhall Molars
'
325
LId, UK

•
~
Various
• Improvedfuel
efficiency
329
 =~----T---¥"""'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''------ --- -

ICVS (Intelligent
o Community Vehicle
o0- System)
Cii '
!=1. The real izatio n that
III
transport systems need
~ a n urgent rethin k has
r
S:
::J
prompted ind us t ry,
go vernment and academia
(JQ
to exam ine so-called
intelligent tra nsport
systems (ITS). One of the
more advanced concepts is
Honda's ICVS (Intelligent
Community Vehicle
System) , whose working
components are three
e lect ric veh icles an d a n
e lectric/manual bicycle,
wh ich operate within a
defined geographical
area an d under sha red
co mmu nity usage. The
City Pal four-five-seat er
co mpact electr ic car is a
mu lti-user opt ion and t he
other vers ions a re for a
single use r.Two
persona l electric vehicles ,
the 'Stepdeck' and the
'Monopal ', offer short-
distance mobility suitable
for inner -city business
users, commuters and
shoppers. Finally, the
electric- ass isted bicycle,
'Racoon ', is a n all-purpo se,
uti litarian mo de of
transport . In the ICVS
cars a nd bicycles funct ion
as compleme nt ary tools
in an urban ecosystem.

.,
/
Hondo,Japon

Prototype,
318

•
~
Various

• Communityrather
thanindividual
ownership
34°

328,
329

• Reductioninair
emissionsfrom vehicles
• Possibilityof powering
from renewable energy
sources
--
Multipla and Multipla
Hybrid Power
The Multipla is capable of
carrying six passengers, in
an upright steel space frame.
Power unit options include a
dual-fuel, 1.6-litre, sixteen-
PZOOO HFC Prodigy
Ford unveiled the fuel-cell
technology for the hybrid
hydrogen-fuelled electric
Prodigyfamily sedan at the
Geneva Motor Show in
' 999. In a joint program me
with Ballard Power Systems
and Daimler ChryslerAG ,
Ford has developed an
advanced power unit that is
capable of delivering 7SkW
(lOO PS) from four hund red
hydrogen cells in a th ree-
stack Proton Exchange
Membrane (PEM)
weighing 172kg.(378Ib). An
additional 9lkg (zoo lb) is
added by the electric
induction motor, which
delivers '20PS. An on-
board capacity of i.a kg
(3Ib) of hydrogen gives a
range of around l 60km
(99·3 miles) with a
combined Urban/Highway
EPA-cycle fuel economy
equivalent to 28.skm/ litre
valve, four-cylinder engine
capable of using petrol or
methane. Methane is a clean
fuel free from benzene and
particles and gives a
(80m pg) of petrol. With a
total kerb-weight Of l ,S' 4kg
(3.330Ib). acceleration is
about '4 seconds from 0 to
i ookrn/h (62mph) with a
top speed of 14Skm/ h
(9lmph) . These HFC cars
are now being tested in a
three-year programme in
California. Other variants
of the P2000 range include
Motorized Vehicles
com bining a petrol engine
with electric motor system.
In hybrid operating mode
6.8 litres (l.sgals) offuel
plus 3kWhare cons umed
per iookm and in electric
mode power consumption
is about 30kWh per i ookm
(62 miles). The car produces
about half the emiss ions of
a conventional petrol-
engined version.
Fiat, Italy 316
/
Fiat, Italy 316
0
•
,}
Steel, compositepanels
• Reductionin
greenhouse-gas
emissions
295
329,
340
reduction of 2S per cent in • Reductioninair
carbon dioxide in the pollution
• MultifUnctional
exhaust emissions. Further
passengerrangebetter
reductions are achieved in thanaverage car
the Multipla Hybrid by
a lightweight version being
developed at the Ford Ford Motor ~om'pany, 316
Forschungszent rum / USA .-
Aachen (FFA) in Germany. Ford MotorCompany, 316
Weighing just 900kg 0 USA
.- Various
(1,98o lb) and powered by
an experirnental t.z-litre
DiATA compre ssion-
•
~
• Zerohydrocarbon 329
emissionsfromfuel
ignition, direct-injection cells
engine, fuel consumpti on • Fueleconomy
is zfi .zkm/ litre (74mpg).
Priu s
In October rqqz Toyota
became the first major
global car manufacturer to
launch a mass-produced
hybrid power system
permitting continuous
variable comb ination of a
petrol internal-combustion
engine and 43-kilowatt
elect ric motor. Toyota's
commitment to cleaner
technologies and
environmentally imp roved
products was outlined in a
twenty-page supplement
that appeared in the
Novembe r 1997 issue of
Tim e magazine. So, has
Toyota lived up to
expectations? To date over
ten thousand units have
been sold in Japan and the
vehicle is now being sold in
North America and Europe.
Toyota opted for a parallel
hybrid system (THS or
Toyota Hybrid System),
alternating between petrol
and electric power, as
opposed to a series hybrid
system in which the drive is
provided by an electric
moto r and the (petrol)
engine is used onlyto
generate electricity. THS
provides the most effici ent
combination of the two
power sources according
to the drive pattern. If
the car sta rts out at low
speed the elect ric motor
operates, but during
normal driving t he petrol
engine predominates. On
acceleration the motor and
engine worktogether and
on braking or deceleration
the kinetic energy is used
to produce electricity,
which is stored in high-
performance NiMH
batteries. THS provides a
fuel effi ciencyof 28kmflitre Olefin Polymer (TSOP) ,
(90mp g; Japanese 10-15 are used for bumpers,
Test Mode), which is dashb oard, pillar and other
dou ble that of a Toyota interior trim. Overall body
Carina with automatic weight has been reduced,
transm ission. Emissions of window glass reduces
C02 are cut by 50 per cent incoming UVwavelengths
and CO, HC and NOx are and cuts down solar
reduced to 14, 8 and 12 per heating and end-of-life
cent respectively. The heart dismantlin g has been
of these environm ental facilitated wherever
gains is the Atkinso n-cycle possible.
engine coupled with a
permanent-magnet motor
and generator. Combustion
effici ency is improved with
Variable Valve Timing- Toyota.japan 32 5
Intelligent (VVT- I)
/
Toyota,Japan 325
technology and a high 0
•
expansion ratio to improve Various
power conversion from
expansion to the drive • Reductionof fuel 327,
train. Recycled and (} consumption 329
recyclable materials, • Improved useof
especially the easily recycled materialsand
recycled Toyota Super disassembly
 Motorized Vehicles

- - - -- - - - - - - -- - -- - -- - -1 v,
-i
the electric al ene rgy. A OJ
:::l
VI
full charge gives a range ""0
of 96 kilometres (60 o
;:+
m iles) at a cost of about
50 pence, making it
extremel y economical.
With side-door access
and full wea ther
protection , the Sparr ow
might tempt people who Corbin Molars . USA 314
are unw illing to venture
/
CorbinMotors, USA 314
Sparrow
out on a motor scooter o r 0

Those who recall the
infamo us C5 electr ic ca r
designed by Sir Clive
Sinclair in the ea rly 19805
in th e UK, regar ded by
man y as a liability in fast-
moving t raffic, m ight just
consider this new one -
seater elect ric car . With
bod y styling remi nisce nt of
the ' bubble ' ca rs of th e
1960 s, t he Sparrow ca n
ac hieve s pee ds of up to
11 2km{h (70m ph) from the
t hirtee n batt e ries tha t sto re
•
motorcycle. When it is Various
being charged up ,
howeve r, it has to be • Zero emissions when 329
remembe red that the ~ usingrenewableenergy
vehicle is only as gree n as supplies
the mains e lectricity • Weatherproof, one-
personcommuter
sup plyto which it is
transport
co nnec ted .

Smart Car
In Octo ber 1998 the Smart
Car, jointly developed by
th e Ger ma n manufacturer
Daim ler-Be nz and
Swatc h, the renowned
man ufact ure r of co lourful
mod ern watc hes , passed
DaimlerCh'Ysler, 3' 4
to p s peed of 130 km{h
(82m ph) to meet the high
cater ing for changing
fas hions an d facilita ting
/ Germany
DaimlerCh'Ysler, 3'4
expectations oftoday's rep air. This could herald 0 Germany
mot orists. The occupants
are protected by a strong
monocoq ue steel frame
and there is a range of
an im portant develo pm ent
in th e car industry in
which interchangea ble
com ponents contri bute to
•
~
Various

• Reduction inJuel
consumption
• Improvementsin
~29

prolo nged safety tests modula r pane ls an d exten ding the lifes pan of a
upgrodobility and
and was launched in the interio r elements allowing veh icle.
repairability
Europ ean market. This pe rsonal customization ,
s uper-co m pact car looks as
t hough it has been dr iven
st raight out of the pages
of a comic str ip. Measuring
a me re 2.5m (8ft z in},
it is half t he le ngt h of a
stan da rd car (reducing
materials cons umption)
an d uses one-third less
pet ro l (on avera ge
z rkrn/ Iit re , or 60 mpg)
than its ma rket rivals, the
Ford Ka and Volkswag en
Polo. Alth ou gh th e ca r
is designed as a n urba n
runabo ut, the tu rbo-
charged pet rol engine
provides rapid accele ration
(60 km{h, or 37.5m ph, in six
to seven seconds) and a

TH !NK City
Almost twenty·fiveyears
elapsed between the time
this low-environmental-
impact car was conceived
and the time when a
production model
emerged. Stimulated
by the energy crisis in
1973, Lars Ringdaland
Bakelittfabrikkenof Norway
examined the possibility of
building a lightweightcar
with plastic panels. For
nearly two decades the idea
languished before it was
revived by PIVCO (Personal
Independent Vehicle
Compa ny) in 1990. The
first prototype, which
success fully joined an
aluminium frame with a
thermoplastic body,
eme rged in 1992. By 1998 a
model com plyi ng with all
EU safety sta nda rds rolled
off the production line at
PIVCO Industries AS. The
following year the Ford
Motor Company obtained a
majority shareholding of
the company and it was
renamed THiNK Nordic
AS. Production capacity
now stands at five
thousand vehicles per
annum . Designed for urban
users, the TH!NKCity is
powered bya three-phase
electric motor with an
outp ut of 27kW or 4Sbhp.
Rapid acceleration takes
°
the car from to sokm/h
(31 mph) in seven seconds
and gives it a top speed
of 90km/ h (s6mph ).
Nineteen nickel cad mium
batteries provide a range of
85 kil ometres (53 miles)
when fully recharged over
eight hours from a
220Vsupply. Energy is
regenerated from braking
and when the car is going
downhill. Manufacturing
practices differ from the
usual assembly line. There
are ten production centres ,
and plastic panels clip and
clamp together with the
aluminium passenger shell,
which sits on the high-
strength steel frame. The
net result is a car that
requires only 425 parts
com pared with the
tho usands typical of
conventional cars. This
facilitates end-of-life
disassembly and recycl ing.
In sho rt, the THINKCity
embraces the benefits of
integrating Iife cycle
assessme nt into the
design and manufacturing
process and perhaps sets
a blueprint for small-car
manufacturers. As the
recentlyapproved End of
......
VehicleLife (EVL) Directive
comes into force in the EU
in 2005, requiring 90 per
cent of a car's components
to be recycled , THINK
Nordic AS is moving in the
right direction.
TH!NKNordic 325
/ AS/Ford, Norway
e THINKNordic
AS/Ford, Norway
325
•
~
Polyethylene.
aluminium, steel
• Zeroemissions (if
electricity isobtoined
from renewable
295,
341
327'9
energy)
• Lower-than-allerage
energyconsumption
duringmanufacturing
• High reeyclability of
componentsand
batteries
-
VW Lupo 3LTDI
In Berlin on 16 May2000 a
Volkswagen Lupo3LTDI
commenced a journey to
circumnavigate the world.
It was fitted with a three-
cylinder,1.2-litre (1 /4-
gal)Turbo Direct Injection
(TDI ) engine and the
objective was to break
existing records by making
this the most fuel-effi cient
car to undertake this
challenge. A total of
S3,m km (33,333 miles)
was travelled in eighty days
across fivecontinents
at an average speed of
8s.6km/h (S3.Smph) at a
remarkably economical fuel
consumption of 2.38litres
per 100 kilometres (0.84
gallons per 100 miles).
Production models of the
Lupo achieve 2.99 Iitres
per 100 kil ometres (1.0S
gallons per 100 miles)
under MVEG cycle tests.
The designation '3L', for
'three-litre', here refers to
its fuel econom y rather
than to the more traditional
indication of engine size.
Triax
Three propulsion options
are available for this third-
generation electric vehicle:
all-wheel-drive electric, all-
wheel-drive hybrid electric
and two-wheel drive
internal combustion.
.,
/
General Motors. USA
General Motors, USA
31]
31]
•
~
Various
«improvedfUel
efficiency
• Zero emissionsoption
329
This economy translates body, chass is and running
into a thousand-kilometre gear components. An
(62s-mile) journey on one automated five-speed,
.,
full tank of fuel and carbon- direct-shift gearbox and Volkswagen AG, 326
dioxide emiss ion levels automatic stop-start / Germany
below 90g per kilometre system assist in Volkswagen AG, 326
(S.10Z per mile). An efficient maximizing fuel economy. Germany
engine is com plemented
with lightweight
constructio n materials,
especiallyaluminium, in
The big quest ion is: why
can't all manufacturers
produce such fuel-efficient
compact cars?
•
~
Various
- Significant reduction in 329
Juel use
Human-powered Vehicles
NECAR4
NECAR 4 (New Electric
Car) is based on a
Mercedes Benz A-class
compact car fitted with a
hydrogen-gas fuel cell
power unit that gene rates
electricityfor a 7Shp (SSkW)
motor and produces
water vapour as the only
em ission. This zero-
emissions vehicle has
, range of 4sokm (280
miles) on a full tank of gas,
is capable of a top speed of
144kmjh (gomp h) and can
take up to five passe ngers.
Improvements in fuel cell
efficiency by dbb Fuel Cell
Engines GmbH (a joint
subsidiaryof Daimler
Chrysler, Ballard Power
Systems and Ford Motor
Company) generate 30 per
cent more energythan the
same-sized system used in
the NECAR2 and yield an
increase of lS per cent DaimlerChryslerAG 314
energydensity (amount of / with dbb Fuel Cell
energygenerated per unit
of weight) for the NECAR
4. This is anothe r step
towards Daimler Chrysler's
., EnginesGmbH,
Germany
DaimlerChryslerAG,
Germany
314
target of marketing fuel cell
vehicles by 2004 . •
~
Various
Zeroemissions 329
-- Human-powered Vel1icles

independence" 3000
iBOT'M
Con ventio na l whee lchairs,
whos e des ign has la rgely
remained stati c for se veral DEKAResearchand 3°7,
ce nt uries, offer on ly lim ited / Development and 3
Independence '5
mobility. IBOT en ables
Technology, USA
disa bled people to navigate
Prototype
rough , uneven surfaces,
0
•
to 'sta nd' up a nd to Various
climb /descen d stairs. This
is ac hieved by gyroscopic • Improvedfunctionalit y 329
,~ and mobilityfor
articu lation s of the frame
a nd three sets of whee ls. disabledaeonle
 The Bamboo Bicycle
Bamboo is hand- worked ,
strengthened wit h wood
and interlocked with
carbon-fibre joints to fo rm
the frame of the bicycle.
Block-dyed black chrome is
also used for parts of the
frame and the front forks .
Wheel rims are crafted
from beechwood, th e
seat is leat her and
handlebar grips a re of Antoine Fritsch, France 306
cork . The proportion /
of o rganic, re newable, PrototypeforHermes, 318
biodegradable materia ls 0 France
is sign ifican tly highe r
t han in a conv entionally
manu factu red bicycle but
obta ining consistently
•
~
Bamboo, beechwood,
cork, leather, block-dyed
blackchrome and steel
• Increased usageof
renewable materials
281,
285,
295
327,
328
high-q uality bamb oo • Reduction inembodied
s upp lies does pose energy ofconstruction
qu a lity-assur ance iss ues.

Hybrid bike
Prestigio us ca r
man ufacturers are
entering the fray in the
electric-assist bicycle
market. This offer from
Mercedes Benz provides
about 30km (18.75 miles)
of assisted t rave l on a full
battery ch arge , which take s
five and a half hours. Build
qua lity matches the brand
name, so we ca n expect
this bicycle to be durable.

DaimlerChryslerja pan 314

/ Holding,japan
DaimlerChryslerjapan 314
0 Holding.japan

•
~
Various

• Electricandhuman
power
• Zeroemissionsif
329

rechargedfrom
renewablepower
sources
- Human-powered Vehicles
N exus cycle
Reinventi on of the bicycle
as 't he mountain bike'
in the late 1980 s in
California led to a globa l
res urgen ce of int erest in
recreati onal cycling. Can
the hi-tech aero dyna m ic
bicycle do th e sa m e
fo r th ose see king an
alternative urban
tra nsport so lutio n to
the car? Building on th e
techno logy develop ed
for s pee d cycling in th e
velod ro me, th e Nexus
Del ite
A standard frame fitted
with a range of modular
components can suit eithe r
touring or racing bicycles
or a hybrid. Suspension is
provided by front fork
dampers and a damped
rear sub-frame assembly.
nese und mullerGmbH, 32 3
/ Germany
rieseund mullerGmbH, 323
0 Germany
•
(}
Various
• Modulardesign 329
Electrical bike
Christophe Moinat, 308
This is a uniqu e foldin g ;f Ecole cantonaled'artde
bike with an integral batt e ry Lausanne, Switzerland
a nd moto r in th e m iddle of Prototype
0
•
th e frame adjace nt to the
Variou s
ped al crank a nd s haft drive.
Multiple sea t an d • Hybrid human-and
(} 329
han dleb ar adjustme nts electrically powered
perm it th e most vehicle
com fo rta ble perso nal fit.
co mb ines striking loo ks
with low drag coefficie nts .
The cyclist has to ado pt a
new body post ure to make
th e best use of th is vehicle.
SeymourPowellLtd, UK 3'0
;f
Prototype
0
•
(}
Various
• Human-powered
personal transport
329
 St rida 2
Unfolding the Strida z
takes ten seconds and
immediately reveals its
radical triangular frame, a
departure from the typical
arrangements in other
folding bicycles. It weighs
in at just iokg (zalb}, the
tubes being of aluminium
and the wheels and other
MarkSanders, Roland 310
/ Plastics, UK
RolandPlastics, UK 323
0 ride as the frame is not as
•
(}
Glass-reinforced
polyamide, aluminium,
rubb" stainless steel
341
• Economy ofmaterials 327
usage
• Ease ofmaintenance
Windcheetah
A cruciform frame enables
the rider to adopt a low
centre of gravity, which,
when coupled with carbon-
fibre fairing, provides very
efficient aerodynamics.
Pinpoint accuracy of
components made from
glass-reinforced polyamide,
a strong, durable,
lightweight polymer.
Aconventional chain is
replaced by a belt drive
over low-friction polymer
cogs, making for an oil-free
and low-maintenance
bicycle. Tyre and belt
repairs are facilitated
by the offset frame-wheel
arrangeme nt. Apparently it
takes time to master the
tortionally stiff as other
folding bikes, but thereafter
the rider is guaranteed an
intrigued audience as s{he
sails by car-bound
commuters.
AdvancedVehicle 312
steering is achieved by recumbents . The efficiency / Design, UK
means of a unique joystick of the design has attracted AdvancedVehicle 3' 2
system that gives good interest from courier and 0 Design, UK
sta bilityin cornering.
Lightweight materials and
precision engineering make
this the Rolls Royce of
local delivery companies
who wish to develop zero-
em issions tra nsport
policies for urban areas.
•
(}
Metalalloys, rubber,
carbonfibre, Kevlar
• Human-powered
transport
34
32 9
'
Rattan bicycle
Rattan is a vigorous thorny
briar found in trop ical
rainforests. Its long stems
are stripped to reveal an
inner core that, once dried,
forms an extremelydurable
cane, which can be woven
and shaped. Non-load-
bearing components of this
bicycle, such as the
and the forks, handlebars,
luggage carriers and fender
stays are also wound with
ratta n. Although the bicycle
stillrelies on the steel for a
rigid frame, the proportion
of organic cyclic materials
has been significantly
increased.
Brompton
Folding bicycles are
not a new invention
but Brom pton has
manufactured durable
products over the last three
decades and is probably
one of the most popular
brands in the UK. The
robust 'full-size' steel frame
folding bike is easier to
take on a train, bus or
aeroplane than a
conventional bike. Folding
bicycles make a viable
contribution towards a
more integrated and
sustaina ble transport
system.

.,
fenders, chain cover, Unknown can be folded within
/
.,
basket and hand lebar grips, twenty seconds to make a Bramptan Bicycle Ltd, 313
are 100 per cent rattan. Prototype com pact package that / UK
Other components weighs less than izkg Bramptan Bicycle Ltd, 3'3
combine steel and rattan.
So the main frame is steel
covered by rattan, the
saddle is of woven rattan
•
~
Rattan, steel, rubber

• Renewoblematerial
components
28 1,
283
327
(27 Ib) and measures only
slightly bigger tha n the
40-cm (16-inch) wheels.
Currently the range •
~
UK
Rubber, steel,plastic

• Multifunctionality
• Durability
283,
295
329
includes two three-speed
(L3, T3) models, one four-
speed (LS) and one five-
speed (TS) , all with rear
carrier and dynamo. The
T types are supplied with
lights too. Optional extras
allow customization
but the design remains
fundamentally little
changed since its
inception, making it less
prone to the whims of
fashion. Owning a folding
bicycle significantly
increases mobilityoptions
for work and pleasure.
Overall journey times can
be cut by combining
cycling with publicor othe r
private transport and a

Dae dalus 88
Weighing just 31.4kg
(69 Ib), the Daed alus
88 aircraft set a new
en durance dist ance record
for a human-powe red
a ircraft of 199km (129
m iles) over 3 hours 54
mi nutes , from Crete to th e
Students,professorsand 320
/ alumni,Massachusetts
Institute ofTechnology,
USA
Students, professors and 320
0 alumni, Massachusetts
Instituteof Technology,
USA
•
~
Photovoltaics,
lightweightmetals and
composites
• Renewable energy
• Zero emissions
341
329
isla nd of Sa nto rini, Greece. technological advances
The feas ibility of man - into everyday transp ort
powe red flight is beyo nd prov ides a significantly
doub t but translating th e greate r cha lle nge.
Gos sa me r Albatros s
Powered flight was made a
reality by the Wright
Brothers but it was Pa ul
McCrady of AeroVironment
who pioneered hum an -
powered flight with the
Go ssamer Albatross
airc raft th at ma de the
crossing of the English
Channel in 1979. Made of
lightwe ight synthetic
ma te rials, th is strange craft
co llate s expert ise in
m aterials techno logy with
advanced aerodynamics.
This was a welcome
inve ntion but it has pro ved
difficult to de sign larger
human-f solar-powered
passenger-car rying aircr aft.
PaulMcCrady, 30 4,
/ AeroVironment USA 1' 08
Prototype,
0 304
•
AeroVironment, USA
Carbon:fibreand 284
graphiteresins, Keillor
• Zeroemissions 329
~
 ca rrier ca n be adapted as a
peopl e-carrying ta xi o r a
flat bed to ca rry a standa rd
Euro-palette giving a
the
pICkup
--................. _-
............
ca pacity of 1.8 cubic
metres (63.6cu ft). The re
is also a cove red-van
co nfigura tion. Versati le
and affo rdab le, The Pickup
is even bein g co ns ide red
by the US Mail serv ice and
TNT for co urie r deliverie s.

Robert Dixon, Advanced 306

/ Vehicle Design, UK

e AdvancedVehicle
Design, UK
3' 2

The Pickup Various

City-ce nt re traffic in man y

11
• Zeroemissions 32 9
countries cra wls alon g at ~ • Human-powered
speeds s imilar to or
slower than cyclists .
Mot orized vehicles are
s ubject to entry a nd
parking rest riction s. So it
is timelythat Robert
Dixon gave th e familiar
trlshaw/r ickshaw, so
fam iliar in So uth- east
As ia, a thorou gh red esign
for use in t he develop ed
wor ld. The Pickup
is pac ked wit h feat ures to
ensure it is comfort able
for its human po wer
so urce and ada pta ble
as a load carr ier. A
composite fairing
protects the se m i-
recumbent ride r o n t he
articu lated four -whe eled
chass is. Seven-speed hub
gea ring coupled with a
lightweight differe ntial
ensu res t hat the drive
tra in and steering a re
opti ma l for urban
cond ition s. Speed s of up
to 22km /h (14m ph) can
be maintained and there
is an electri c-as s ist facility
for hills. The rear of the

tr
 .,
/
Skoot International, UK 32 4

Skoot International, UK 32 4

Ciro Magic
This st rong, compact ,
folding scooter Is a
convenient portable vehicle
for short urban journeys or
for sport s and recreation.
Faster than walking, more
portable than the smallest
folding bicycle, the scooter
can offer an intermediate
solution to personal
mobility. Polyuretha ne
wheels cushion the rider
from the road or pavement,
a robust brake is activated
by sta nding on the flexible
rear bar and steer ing is
achieved by shifting weight.
•
Various
• Lightweight bicyclef or 327
~ commutersand
travellers
Skoot
Is it a suitcase? No, it's a
bicycle that unfolds in
twenty seconds and weighs
just lSkg (33 Ib). The Skoot
might require som e
interesting handling in
strong cross winds but it is
guaranteed to keep the
rider free of oil and grease
and so may appea l to city
slickers.

Xootr Cruz
Skateboard culture meets
the bicycle in this
resurrection of the old
push scooter. Li ghtweight
aluminium frame, cast
wheels and a low-slung
laminated birchwood deck
ens ure manoeu vrability
and sta bility. This vehicle is
very portable, weighing just
4.Skg (iolb) and folding to
a package less than
sTRAKasPORTs
800 mm (31in) long.
32 4
/
., Giromachines GmbH,
Germany
sTRAKasPORTs 32 4

•
Giromachines GmbH,
Germany
Polyurethane, metals

• Human-powered
28 3,
20 <
.,
/
NovaCruz Products,
USA
NovaCruz Products,
USA
32 1

32 1

Birchwood, aluminium, 28 3.
~ 32 9
transport
•
~

~
polyurethane
• Human.powered
295
32 9
tr~n sport
-

Tr icycle, Euro, Classic,

Mountain, Folding
Powabyke is a ra nge of
electri c-assist bicycles
to suit young and old,
urban commuters and
recreation al use rs. The
range wit ho ut ped al ass ist
varies from 21 to 48km
(13- 30 + miles) accord ing to
the exact model. Batt e ries
are 14-amp, 36V, sea led
lead acid, which reach full
charge ove r eight hou rs and
drive a 150W or 200W front-
or rear-hub-drive DC mo to r.
A fold ing version offers
co m m uters an ea sy, less
energeti c sta rt to th e day.

Powabyke Ltd, UK 322

/
Powabyke Ltd, UK 322
0

•
(}
Various

• Encouraginghybrid
human-jelectrie-
poweredtransport
329
Plumber's cart
Trades peo ple wit h a local
catchment area ma y find it
a considerable adva nt age
to be able to choose
between a car and an
alte rnative form of
t ran sport. Michel Zillig's
bicycle tra iler ho lds all the
necessary equipment and
too ls a plumber needs. It is Michel Zil/ig.graduate 311
easily unh itched from its / student, Design
towing vehicle and , aided Academy Eindhoven,
by the rotat ing tr iple whee l, Netherlands
Prototype
can be read ily pu lled up (f

•
kerbs and stairs . He re is
Syntheticpolymersand 296-7
the t railer as mob ile
rubbers
wo rkshop. • Encourages use of
(} 329
human-powered
transport
• Multifunctionalily

SRAM 9.051
SRAM manufact ures
brakes, gears and gear
shifts to high standards
of aesthetics and
funct iona lity, us ing
between 30 and 50 per
ce nt-recycled content
for man y of the sub-
co m ponents, which can
be disassembled for
pu re-grade recycling in
the future.

SRAM Corporation, 324

/ USA
SRAM Corporation, 324
(f USA

•
(}
Parirecycledcontent -
rubber, metal
composites
• Recycledcontent
• Designfordisassembly
34 1

327,
328
iFEcologyDesign 332
Q. Award, 2000
-
LeggeroTwist
Safety featu res of this Christophe Apotheloz, 304
bicycle trailer for children / Switzerland
include a low centre of Brugg/iProduktion I{ 3
gravity, seat belts, a 0 Dienstleistung, '3

protective plastic shell and Switzerland

Airsaddle
Improving comfort for
cyclists in intimate contact
with their saddles has been
a warning flag. All-weather
protection allowsflexibility
of use and ensures that the
children have a good view
•
~
Various

• Encourageshuman-
powered tronsportfor
thefamily
32 9

the object of des igners for and can feel the breeze.
over 125 years. Here lateral
thinking has provided a
solution - an inflatable
rubber saddle that provides
air cushioning. The
'Airsaddle' incorporates a
conventional air valve and
can be infinitely adjusted,
employing the same pump
used to inflate the tyres, to
suit the needs of the
individuals and the terrain
being traversed.

Ian Thorpand Steve 3'0,

/ Morris, Slough Rubber 324
Comoonv, UK
Slough Rubber 324
0 Comoonv, UK

•
~
Rubber,steel 283,
29'
• Reductioninmaterials 327,
usage compared to
conventionalsaddles
329

• Improved ergonomics
Wiss el hors e saddle
This flexible, lightweight
plastic saddle, with a new
girth strap fitted with an
easy-to-use ratchet-strap,
sits gently on the horse
and provides comfort for
the rider. The mounting
stirrup has a clip-free
adjustment and the
covers over the plastic
saddle are changeable, so
improving hygiene and
offering opportuniti es for
customization using covers
of different colours.

Maritde Haas, graduate 3° 5

/ student 2000, Design
AcademyEindhaven,
Netherlands
Pratotype
«)

•
~
Lightweight plastic,
metal
• Animalfriendly
product
• Improved usercomfort
283,
295
329 ,
330

Synchilla" Snap T@
In 1991 the outdoor
clothing manufacturer
Patagonia declared in their
catalogue that ' Everything
we make pollutes '. This
was the beginning of the
company's process of
reducing its environmenta l
impacts by switching to
organicallygrown cotton
and by manufacturing
fleeces derived from
recycled plastic bottles.
Post-consum er recycled
(peR) Synchilla'" fleece was
developed with Wellman,
Inc., in 1993. Each garment
saves twenty-five two-litre
PET bottles from landfills.

Patagonia, USA 322

/
Patagonia, USA 322
«)

•
~
Synchilla~ Fleece,
Supplex0nylon
• Recycledmaterials
• Reducedemissions
(compared with virgin
300-1

327,
329

PETjibre)
- Sporting Supplies

Pod floating lounger

This clever product
embodies several guiding
principles of good green
design. It is made entirely
of recycled soda bottles,
Partek recycled plastic
lumber and other material

.,
and components, is John Amato, Meta 304,
easily assembled and / MOrf, lnc., USA 320
disassembled allowing Meta Morf,inc., USA 320
easy repair (and further
recycling at end of life) and
it is economical in its use
of materials. John Amato
sees this product as part
•
~
Sodabottles, plastic
lumber
• Recycledmaterialsand
components
• Designfor disassembly
29 4,
34
327
328
'
,

of a continuous cyclic andeaseofrepair

process. All suc h objects • Lowmaterials usage
are ephemera l in the long IDRA award, 1995 332
view. 4
NIGHTEYE®
This lightweight headlamp
is fitted with the patented
Ultralight using a low-
energy Xenon bulb with a
special reflector to provide
a quality light source. A
rear red LE D persona l
safety light fits to the back
of the headband. All
componen ts, including the
polycarbonate casings, clip
together and so can be
separated for recycl ing.

.,
~
PROFORM Design,
Germany
Nighteye GmbH,
Germany
309

321

•
Q
Polycarbonate, elastic,
LEDs, Xenon bulb
• Lowenergy
consumption
iFDesign Award, 2000
34 1

329

332
4
 Sporting Supplies
Veloland
Veloland is an information
provide r a nd service
company res po nsi ble for a
netwo rk of over 6,3ookm
(4,000 m iles) of national
an d region al cycling tr ails
in Switzerl and . Map s,
guides and 4 we bsite
pro vide wide access to
information nation ally an d
beyond . Trails have been
linked with public-tran sp ort
networ ks and bicycle rental
at SBB railway statio ns and
the who le system is
covered wit h co ns iste nt,
stan da rd ized sign age .
Veloland Schweiz, 311
/ Switzerland
Various
(f
•
(}
Various
• Encouraging
integration of
recreational cycling
329
with public transport
Kaya k
Old kayaks do n't die, th ey
just get recycled a nd face
th e white water again.
Ocean Kayak encourage
cus to me rs to cut defunct
kayaks a nd sen d them as
co llect freight to thei r
factory , where the
polyethlene is ground up
for recon stitutin g in a new
mould.
Tim Niemeir,USA 30 9
/
Ocean Kayak, USA 321
(f
•
,}
Recycled polyethylene 341
• Continuous recyclingof 327,
materials
• Product toke·back
329
Skystreme rzq model
This inflat able kite,
we ighing 43 grammes
(lib 80 z) and not much
bigger than a credit card ,
fits easily into your pocket
read y to assist you in an
emergency. Once inflated,
the kite soars high , thanks
to a unique aer ofoil system ,
m aking a rescu e beacon
eas ily de tect ed by sigh t o r
by rad ar. The Skystreme
provides protecti on again st
hypot herm ia and can be
inflated to use as a s plint
for a broken limb .
Skystreme UKLtd, UK 324
/
Skystreme UKLtd, UK 324
(f
•
(}
Lightweight, highly
reflective plastic
• Economicaluse of
materials
• Multifunctional
283,
295
327,
329
• Improvedhealthand
safety
-
Gardening

N Fotnitore, Italy 321

/
N Fornitore, Italy 321
0

•
~
Corrugated cardboard,
grassseed, soil
• Renewable,
compostableand
locallysourced
292

327,
330

materials

Terra Grass Armchair

A s ubtle me rging of ma n
a nd nat ure is em bod ied in
t his witty outdoor seat
rem iniscent of some mini
Bronze Age bu rial mound.
The st uct ura l framework is
provided by co rruga te d
ca rdboard to wh ich locally
sourced so il is added and
grass see d ap plied . Just a
few weeks later s uccu lent
gra ss covers your very own
green thr on e for the
garden .

E-tech
The E-tech two-stroke develop fuels that reduce
motor for chainsaws and em issio ns . For examp le,
str im mer s combines th e Finn ish co m pa ny
efficient power produ ct ion Raision offers a veg eta ble
with a new cata lytic chai n o il for chainsaws
conve rter, ensuring that through Husqvarna.
th ese motors meet the
world's st rictest standa rd
for emis sions for
mot o rized hand-held HusqvarnajThe 315
garden an d forestry / flectrolux Group,
eq uipm ent, the 1995 Sweden
California Air Resources HusqvornafThe 315
Board (CARB) standard .
0 flectrolu: Group,
Sweden

•
Elect rolux, th e wo rld's
Metals, plastics 283,
largest manufactu rer
295
of chainsaws, has also • Reductioninemissions 329
forged partnerships with ~ andconsumabJes
petr o leu m com pan ies to
 Can-a-Worm s
A compact self-as sembly do wn the stack through the
serie s of nested circular mesh in the bottom of ea ch
tra ys, made from 100 pe r tra y, digesting waste and
cent post-consumer t urning it into compost.
recycled plastic, is supplied
with a coir fibre block. This
block is mo istened an d
broken up, then placed in
the bottom t ray to prov ide
'bedding' for a colon y of
nat ive composting worm s.
As a tra y is filled with
househol d or garden
was te , a not her is added to
Com post conve rter
build up t he st ack. The
worms migra te up and Manufactured from 95 per
cent-recycled plastic, the
Rein, Australia 220 -litre (48-gal) ca pacity
323
/ Compost Con verte r is a
Rein, Australia, with 323, strong, rigid bin with a
0 WigglyWigglers, UK 326 wide to p ape rture , wh ich

•
~
Plastics, fiveworms

• Encourageslocal
biodegradationof
waste
283,
295
327,
330
facilitates disposal of
biodegradable domestic
and garden waste and its
co nversion into compost.
• Recycledand A wide hatch at the bottom
renewablematerials permits removal of the
mature compost. Blackwall
make a range of compost
bin s from 200 litres up to
708 lit res (44-15 6gals)
Nature's Choice
capacity for domestic use ,
trellis range
from injection-moulded,
A versatile tre llis system , co lours. It looks and fee ls flat-pack, wood-g rain-effect,
offering gardeners many like woo d, yet this recycled recycled thermo plastic bins
different permutat ions of material is water- and to blow-moulded ,
plan t su pport, uses a rot-res istant and does cylind rical bins mounted
mater ial mad e of So per not need any toxic on a tubular galvan ized-
cen t-recycled and 20 per preservatives as required steel frame, permitting
cent-virgin po lystyrene, by con vent ional timber aeration of the compost by
wh ich is ava ilable in four trellis. reg ular inve rsio n or
pe rmanent UY-stable tumbling. Bins are
Metpost, UK 320 guaranteed for at least ten
/ yea rs.
Metpost, UK 320
0
•
BlackwallLtd, UK 313
Polystyrene 34
' /
BlackwallLtd, UK 313
~
• Recycledmaterials 327, 0

•
• Reductionintoxic 329 Plastics, tubular 283•
consumabfes
galvanizedsteel 295
• Encourageslocal 327,
~ composting 330
• Recycledmaterials
--- eartlenir:lg
Pedal Lawnm ower
Traditional 'push-
mowers' are fine for a
pocket-handkerchief
lawn but even these Remko Killaars, 308
have been usurped by ~ graduatestudent,
electric 'f1ymos' and Design Academy
petrol-driven, two- Eindhoven, Netherlands
stro ke-engined mowers. Prototype
Pedal power in this
0
four-wheeled mower
ensures exercise for the
driver, easy coverage of
medium to large lawns
•
~
Metals,rubber, plasties

• Zero emissions
• Ease of maintenance
and repair
283,
295
329

and zero emissions.

M icroBor e
Porous piping placed in or
on the soil surface provides
a means for the precise
deliveryof water direct to
the plant root zone. The
flexible, rubber-based hose
made from shredded,
recycled tyres is perforated
with holes, allowi ng water
to trickle into the soil. Pipe
diameters varyfrom 4mm
or 7mm (1/6-1/4 inch) for
the MicroBore, which is
ideal for watering window
boxes and office plant
displays, to 13mm,16mm or
zzmm (1/z, 1/3 or 9/10
inch) for the HortiBore and
ProBore, which are for
commercial horticulture
and landscaping. System
accessories allowyou to
custom ize the irrigation
system and permit the use
of stored rainwater with in-
line filters, taps , tee-
junctions and end-stops.
Porous Pipe, UK 322
~
Porous Pipe. UK 322
0
•
~
Recycledlyres

• Waterconservation
• Recycled materials
283

327,
330

Solar mo wer
In 1997 Husqvarna
combined robotic
technology with solar
power to create a unique
lawnmower capable of
autonomously maintaining
an area of up to 1,ZOO
square metres (l,44osq
yds). By 1998 the Auto
Mower offered another
robotics-driven option able
to recharge itself from a
mains electricitysu pply.

HusqvarnafThe 35
~ Electrolux Group, '
Sweden
HusqvarnafThe 35
0 Electrolux Group, '
Sweden

•
~
Photovoltaies, plasties,
metals,motor, battery
• Solar-powered
• Zero emissions
283,
295
329
 Consumer Electronics

o
~I------------------------l.....
(ii' Glass Sound
~
til
Chunky speaker cabinets carrythe signal, a th in glass
~ are redundant in this diaphragm emits sound
r ultimate minimalist sound waves, This syste m uses
::s:
:J system , Suspe nded from NXTtechnology to deliver
OQ
sta inless-steel wires, which the so und,

ChristopherHoser, 30 6 ,
/ Designteam, ClasPlatz, 3
Cermanu '7

e GlasPlatz, Cermany 317

V-M ailcame ra

•
0
Glass, stainless steel

• Minimalusageof
materials
iFEcology Design
295

327
An adjusta ble tripod and
variable focal-length lens
permit digitization of any
flat-copy graphical or
4 Award, 20·00
332
photogra phic original and
3-D scene. Linking directly
with a PC permits instant
downloading of image files
via a use r-friendly interface.
This award-winning camera
embodies Philips's des ign
ethos by using recyclable
materials.

Philips Design, 309

/ Netherlands

e PhilipsElectronics,
Netherlands
322

•
0
Recyclable plastics and
metals
• Recyclablematerials
• Dematerialization of
photographicprocess
28 3,
295
327

l-
Winner, ColdIndustrial
4 Design Excellence
Award, '999, Industrial
SocietyofAmerica

b
--
Canon IXUS
A new film format,
Advanced Photo System
(APS), was introduced
worldwide by the
photographic indust ry in
the mid-1990s. APS
encouraged new camera
designs since the film area
is 24 per cent sma ller than
standard 3smm film,
resu lting in much smaller
cameras than conventiona l
SLRs. Other advantages
include multiformat-frame
option (norm al,
intermediate or

panoramic), automa tic
mid-fil m rewind/r euse and
a strip on the edge of the
film that records exposure
deta ils to improve printing
results. In short, APS offers
significant reductions in
the cons umption of raw
materials, film and prints in
.,
YasushiShiotani, 310,
the cons umer market. with its James Bond looks / Canon, Inc.,j apan 3
Launched in 1996, the and sha rp prints . The Canon, Inc.,j apan '4
314
IXU S came ra quickly current mode l is the
became the compact
camera to carry in your
pocket and was probably
responsible for converting
IXUS -Mi.
•
,}
Stainlesssteel,
polycarbonate, ABS .
34
'
• Reductionin materials 32 7
and consumables
usage
many newcomers to APS,

Digit al M avica FD73H

Digital cameras
dematerialize the process
of photograp hy by
replacing silver halide film
with a light-sensitive digital
recorder. From the mid-
1990S onwards a steady
trickle of digita l cameras
eme rged for the consumer
market from the world's
leading photog raphic-
equipment manufacturers.
By 1998 there were
over fifty models with
a mesm erizing range
of different PC cards
(CompactFlash, Smart-
Media and PCMCIA) ,
providing transfer media
in which to sto re images
prior to downloading to the
compute r. Sony, st reetwise
as ever, avoided the battle
raging between the
pop in the floppy and
instantly view your
images. Sony's design is
innovative and is inherently
less demand ing of
the environment since
cons umers don 't need
to buy new computer
peripherals.
Shin Miyashita, Sony 309,
/ Corporation,japan 324
e SonyCorporation,
j apan
324

different storag e formats

and launched the Digital
Mavica FD7, which sto red
images on the ubiquitous
•
~
Plastics, metals,
electronics, CCOchip,
Jloppydisk
• Encourages
dematerialization(oj
341

327

3.S-inch floppy disk. No photographicfilm)

need for s pecial PC card • Universal storage
reade rs or camera-to- medium
compute r cabling, simply
Consumer Electronics
FreeplayFPRzand
GlobalShortwave
radios
Inventor Trevor Bayliss was
str uck by the difficultie s
of t rying to infor m and
ed ucate the societies of
developing countr ies us ing
th e media of television
and rad io. The absence of
m ains electricity an d high
cost of batt eries mean th at
m illion s do not have
access to m edia that th e
deve lop ing wo rld takes for
grante d. His sol ut ion was
to design a radio th at co uld
wo rk by human power. Just
s ixty ma nual turn s of th e
origi nal BayGen on -boa rd
ge ne rato r provided t hirty
minute s of playing tim e.
Provisio n of AM, FM and
SW ba nd widt h wa s
necessary for ga ining
access to a wide ran ge of
freq ue ncie s fo r ma ximu m
local pen etr at ion of
program mes , be t hey news ,
cu ltura l item s, nat ural
d isas ter an d health
wa rnings, o r d ista nce
lea rni ng and lite racy
initiat ives. An ABS cas ing
was se lecte d because it
was d urable , water -
resis ta nt, att ract ive and
easy to manufacture.
The radio was or igina lly
ma nufactu red in Sou t h
Africa, whe re th e
factory e mp loyed a high
prop ort ion of's pecia l
nee ds' adu lts, giving
them much -nee de d work
/ UK
e Freep/ay Energy Europe, 3']
•
~
experience an d the rapy.
Th e rad io has been
e ndorsed internationally by
aid agencies and United
Natio ns prog rammes.
More recen t m odels
develop ed by Freepl ay
Ener gy Europ e for th e
inte rna tio na l mark et
include co nte mporary
t ran sp arent plasti c cas ings,
a so lar pa nel for power
ge nera tion a nd a ma ins
electr icity ada ptor.
If the main s electr icity .
is pur chased fro m a
renewable so urce t hese
new mo de ls retai n th eir
or igina l environmen tal
se ns ibilities. However, if
everyo ne si mp ly plugs the
radios into a m ains socket
us ing elect ricity from a
coa l-burn ing powe r stat ion,
then Freep lay ma y have
dr ifted off-ta rget. Are we
rea llytoo lazy to crank a
han dle to hea r ou r
favo urite radio sta tion?
Freep/ay EnergyEurope, 31]
UK
Van"ous
• Human· ondforsolar-
powered
32 9
Freeplay S360
The or igina l BayGen
Free play wind-up rad io was
designed fo r use by remo te
com m un ities in Africa.
Dem an d from ret ailers in
deve loped co un t ries soon
led to th e developme nt of
new models for th e
co ns umer m arket. First
ca me a t riple-p ower o ption
- wind-up, so lar, mains -
but it ret ain ed t he bu lk an d
weig ht of the o rigina l
design . Next ca me thi s
lightwe ight, co m pact
vers ion wit h a so lar pa ne l,
wind-up ge ne rato r a nd
energy-sto rage un it
providi ng up to fifteen
ho u rs of rad io liste ning.
.,
/
Freep/ayEnergy Europe, 31]
UK
Freep/ay Energy Europe, 31]
UK
•
~
Various
• Renewable solaror
human energy
• Mostcomponents
329
recyclable

Radio
The designer of th is
radio rejected the
current obsession with
miniaturizing everything
and could therefore explore
the use of non-plastic
materials, in th is case
wood from old machine
boxes. MDFwas used for
inner panels and dyed
fabrics from old flour bags
for the front and back
panels. Consumer s can
choose the colour of the
fabric dye and there's a
special button for the user
to select his/h er favourite
radio statio n. Use of
natural materials and hand-
finished production
potentially create an object
that will resist the tide of
fashion. It can be made
in smallworkshops,
therebycreating new
rural employment and so
avoiding centralization of
production in urban areas.
This design harks back
to the early aspirations
of the leading Arts and
Crafts designers in late
nineteenth-centu ry Britain
but updates the process
wit h a modern aesthetic
and a rechargeable battery.
The wooden case will
develop a patina with old
age and it is interesting to
speculate whether this will
endear it to its owner.
Plastic tends not to age
with grace.
SinghS Kationo,
/ Indonesia
e Smallbatch production
•
Reused wood, MDF, 341
fabric, rechargeable
battery
,~
• Renewable andreused 32 7,
materials 329
• Rechargeableenergy
source
•Antifa shianandanti-
obsolescence
Consumer Electronics
AE lOOO Free-power
Radio
Philips have ta ken the
concept of the original
BayGen wind-up radios
and shrunk them to
create a pocket-sized
version. Thanks to the
built-in high-effi ciency
power generator, one
minute's winding of t he
handle provides enough
electricityfor thirty
minutes' listening time to
AM /FM programm es. A
.,
308 LEDdisplay lights up
when the charge rate /
MikeJerome, Philips
Electronics, Netherlands
30 7
reaches opt imal speed. Philips Electronics,
Netherlands
32 2
No more batteries, no
•
Various
more searching for the
mains adapt or, because
• Renewable energy 32 9
th is handy radio needs ~
only muscle power.
Tykho
Tough thermoplastics
predominate in casings for
electronic goods but Marc
Berthier demonstrates that Marc Benhier, France 30 4
bucking convention /
produces a new sexy look
for his VHF radio. Rubber e Lexan Deisgn Concepts,
France
319
also confers benefits over
plastics by offering some
shock resista nce and
weatherproofing.
•
~
Rubber, electric
components
• Renewable and/or
syntheticmaterial
28 3
327

FLS range
This mod el range , da ting
from '997, is an exampl e
oflong-term t hinking ,
which ass um es that
man ufacturers will in
futu re normally take back
elect ronic prod ucts afte r
the en d of their se rviceab le
.,
/
•
(}
Grund ig l S" ColourTV
This TV o pe rates on 12V
or 24V DC s upply a nd
on 90V-26o V AC s upply
at SO/60 Hz, m aking
it sui ta ble for us e in
rec reatio na l vehicles and
boat s o r fo r low-volta ge
domestic rene wabl e-energy
systems . An inte rnal
sate llite receiver a nd tun ing
syste m guarantee good
reception .
.,
/
Grundig. Germany
Grundig, Germany
3]
'
3']
•
(}
Various
• Low-voltage television
set
32 9
lives. The ou ter casin g
is made from a sing le
m aterial, which facilitate s
recycling of the m ater ial
when the produ ct reach es
th e end of its life. Wate r·
based pa ints reduce
en vironmental load.
Philips Corporate
Design, Netherlands
Philips Electronics,
Netherlands
309
322
Single-material, water·
basedsuedepaints
• Designfor disassembly
and recycfing of
materials
286-]
32] ,
328
 Consumer Electronics
SmartWood Les Paul
Gibson Guitars are
renowned for the quality
and sound of their acoust ic
and electric guitars. This
model uses hard maple,
Honduras mahogany and
chechen woods certified
under the SmartWood and
FSC schemes and su pplied
by EcoTimber, Inc. There's
good evidence that
'Gibson' guitars are
cherished by their owners
and accordingly have an in-
Gibson Guitars, USA 3
built longevity. Use of / '7
certified woods for high- Gibson Guitars, USA 317
value products seems 0
doubly to reinforce the
message about designing
for longevityusing
materials from sustainable
•
~
Variouswoods,metal,
electronics
• Renewable materials
• Certified SmartWood,
FSCtimber
295,
339
333

sources.

The Basic Bass

Modular construct ion
using standardized parts
gives this instrument
considerable flexibility. It
can be used in guitar or
standing pose and can
be configured for left- or
right-handed people.
Microphones and
electronics can be eas ily
removed for repair or
upgrading. Here is an
object stripped down to its
bare essent ials, minimalist
yet functional.

Jean-Remi Conti, 305

~ graduate student 2000,
DesignAcademy
Eindhoven, Netherlands
Prototype
0

•
~
Various

• Reductioninmaterials
usage
• Upgradability
327

• Universaldesign
ConsumerElectronics

Xenium' 939 Dual

Savvy
This feat ure-packed mobi le
phone provides a 'joystick'
central control to access
men u options, whic h
includ e a ca lculato r, clock
wit h sto pwatch and games .
Custo me rs ca n choose
fro m a range of co lou red
Band
Philips Electron ics are disassem bled into pure-
continuously deve loping grade materials or material
the ir po licy of designing groups. And it blends
products with reduced funct iona lity with simple
e nviron men ta l im pact , as good looks .
is evide nt in th eir late st
mob ile pho ne. With a Philips Design, 30 9
casing of punched meta l, a
/ Netherlands
Philips Electronics, 322
35 per cent red uction in 0 Netherlands

plastic com ponents to
•
components, redu ctio n in metal, electronics 29 5
ene rgy consu mption and
use of smaller recharge • Reductioninenergy 329
batteries, this phone has a ~ consumptionand
smaller ecologcial footprint consumables
iF Design Award, 20 00 332
than previous models. At
the en d of its life it is easil y
4

customize the look of their

phone. This same feat ure
ensures parts are easily
disassem bled to upd ate as
fashion dictates or repair
or recycle. With low powe r
consum ption an d a 30 per
cent reduction in th e
number of components,
Philips are st riving to give
toda y's modern icon of
communication a green
conscience.

Phi/ips Design, 309

/ Netherlands
Philips Electronics, 322
0 Netherlands

•
~
Recyclable plastics 283,
295
• Designfordisassembly 328,
and recycling
• Lowenergy
329

consumption
-
Consumer Electronics
ROCKETeBOOK
In a su preme irony ,
Amazo n.co m , on e of the
most successful American
Internet compan ies , sells
old -fash ion ed , pa per -ba se d
boo ks throug h th e electr o nic
me d ium of t he Inte rnet.
However, it may not be lo ng
before Amazo n are po ised to
delivered electr on ic boo ks
via the Internet fo r RolfGrone and Dallas 30 ] ,
co ns umers to read o n a / Grove, Palo AlIa 309
device such as the ROCKET
eBOO K, saving vast forests
in the process. Alt ho ugh
., Products intemationoi,
USA
NuvaMedia, USA 32 1

•
many prot otype electron ic ABS plastic, electronics 341
boo ks we re st illbo rn in th e
1990 S, the cu rre nt • Polentialhuge 32 ] ,
gen er at ion of e-bo o ks ~ reductionin 328
a ppea rs to be ma king th e consumptionofpaper,
grade. Maybe th e book will printinginks.
packagingand
a lso revive the co nce pt of the
transport energy
' DailyMe' ne wsp ap er.
Mo rphy One project
Open-sou rce software, in
which develo pers have
complete access to the
source code in o rder
to innovate with new
ap plications, receive d a
major boost rece ntly when
Linus Torvals laun ched t he
Linux operati ng system.
Unlike the pro prietary
systems of Microsoft,
App le and ot her lead ing
IT co mpan ies, Linu x is
avai lable free for a ll to use .
Yet until the adven t of the
Morphy One pro ject, a n
ope n-sou rce ha rdwa re
system , to complement the
open-so urce software, was
not avai lable. Mo rp hy O ne
grew out of a ded icated
Nifty Hewlett Packard user
forum where users of t he
Hp 200LX palmtop chatted
on line. Whe n prod uction of
th e HP 200LX ceased in
October 1999 t he gro up
asked t he q uestion 'what
next?' . One gro up member,
a Mr Toyozo (his e lectronic
pse udo nym), began
dev eloping new hardwa re
circu itry, pu blis hed his
res ults to the user group
an d rece ived a fan tast ic
res ponse. The outcome is
Morp hy O ne, a palmtop PC
ca pa ble of run ning MS-
DOS an d Linux operating
systems. Other ha rdware
deve lopers have access
to the design data and
sou rce code. Morphy O ne
provides a tiny lifeline to
th ose wish ing to main tain
a philanthrop ic influence
on the deve lopme nt of
th e Informat io n Age and
ensu re t hat the globa l IT
multinatio nals do n't dictate
the whole process .
MrToyozoandthe Nifty 309
/ Hewlett Packard PC
user!arum,japanand
worldwide
e Various prototypes
•
(}
Various
• Open-access design or
design with
philanthropy'
327
-
Bob
This cold -construction
concrete vase challenges
the dominance of ceram ics
and searches for new
expression s of that most
modern of materials,
conc rete . On ly a deta iled
lifecycle ana lysis will reveal
whether cera m ics, with their
high -energy requ irement to
fire the clay, are more or
less be nign than concrete,
which also requi res energy
and results in em iss ions
to the air d uring the
ma nufactu re of the cement.

Goods, Netherlands 317

/
Goods, Netherlands 317
0

•
(}
Concrete

• Use ofnaturally
abundantgeosphere
materials
295

327,
340

Ecolo
A boo klet co nceived and
written by Enzo Mari an d
pub lished by the renowned
Italian manufacturer Alessi
inspires the reader to
transfo rm the effluent of
co nsu mer culture into
de licate , beautiful objects .
A shampoo bottle is
transforme d, like a butt erfly
em e rging fro m its pupa,
from use less sp en t object to
grace ful flower vase. Design
is ta ken out of th e hand s of
the s pecialists and ret urn ed
to the ma sse s.

Enzo Mari, Italy 308

/
Alessi, Italy 312
0

•
(}
Post·consumer
containers
• Reuse ofwaste objects
• Democratizationof
design
34 1

328
 Fruit holders
Take a se lection of
red und ant cut lery, insert
into a specia l mixt ure of
co ncrete, allow to set ,
then kiln-fire to produ ce
uniqu e devices for ho lding
Malvinas
fruit. These whims ical
Steel is one of the most des igns allow the fruit
efficient ly recycled metals in to take cen t re stage.
t he world but is rarely found Prob ab ly more suited to
in a decorat ive context m an ufactu ring in sma ll
o utsi de han d-for ged iro n batches, the des ign
fu rnitu re an d s imilar princip le ca n be ea sily PamelaHatton, UK 30 7
accessories . Here th is ada pte d to prov ide a var iety /
humble ma ter ial is eleva ted
to an elegan t ce ntrepiece,
offunct iona lobjects.
e One-oift

s uitable for a table,

sideboard or window s ill.
•
~
Concrete, reused kitchen 295.
utensils
• Reuse of existing
products
• Materials withlow
34 '
34 0

embodied energy

Alfredo Haberliand 307

/ Christophe Marchand.
Italy

e Danese sri, Italy 3'5

•
,~
Steel

• Recyclable mono·
material
295

327

Wagga-Wagga
Th is piece balances
harm o ny and te ns io n
us ing read ily available
.,
/
CamilleJacobs,
Australia
Limited batch
production
a. Float glass, bamboo
30 7

281,
mat er ials. Th e principle
can be extended to a wide • • Economyofmaterials
295
327
range of materials using ~ usage
cold co nst ruction and /or • Recyclablematerials
heat de formation .
-
I------------------------l~

9:::r
~
o
o
3(1)
~
n'
"U
<3
o,
c
!=1.
III

Spiralbaum
This flat-pack , laser-
cut , plywood square
unfolds as a he lix when
suspended. It is the
ultim at e in min ima list Feldmann a( 316
Christm as trees, is easil y / Schultchen, Germany
stored away for t he next PrototypeforWerth 326
festive seaso n and saves 0 Forstlechnik, Germany
ano t he r Sitka spruce
from being consigned
to th e la ndfill s ite each
New Year.
•
~
Plywood, stee!

• Reusable product
295,
339
331

Spo nge vase

Marce l Wanders sponges are ' bio-
commandeers nature's manufactured ' in neat
own manufacturing, adds rows, bamboos grow to
his own porcelain t ube EU regul atio n size in
and se ts vase des ign on specia lly built mou lds a nd
a new co urse . Design ers bio-plas tics s po nta neo us ly
s hou ld act ively seek grow to predetermi ned
opportun ities for forms?
' harves ting' nature's
products , which, wit h MarcelWanders, Droog 306,
minimal energy input or
/ Design, Netherlands 311
Wanders Wonders, 326
modification, ca n be reo 0 Netherlands

•
man ufactured into new Naturalsponge, 295
o bjects. Can we loo k porcelain
forward to specia list • Renewable material 328
' pro duct farms ' where ~
 Ta bleware
This ra nge of plates and
serv ing platters is made
from textured glass
d iffusers removed from
fluorescent light fittin gs in
a US gove rnme nt build ing
that was undergoing a refit.
.,
/
Maria Ruano, USA
Bedrock Industries, USA 3
•
~
Recycledglass
• Recycled materiols
lORAaward, '998
4 use them, Hella jon ge rius
Ce ram ic bowls
Ceramic waste from post-
consumer and ind ust rial
sources is ground and
m ixed with fresh clay to
produce these ' nat urally'
colou red bowls. Coloration
depe nds upon the was te
stream .
310
'3
295
32]
332
The Soft Vase
Cha lleng ing our
perce pt ions abo ut
polymer s and th e waywe
expe rimented with flexible
rubbe rized polyureth an e
to create a tra ditiona lly
styled vase . It provoke s us
Annelies de l.eede, to question howwe value
305
/ Netherlands plastics. Objects made from
e Oak Product Design,
Netherlands
309 plastics can be high lyvalued
in the case of'designer'
•
~
Ceramic waste, clay
• Recycled materials
295
32]
objects or regar ded as a
throwaway item in the case
of th e ubiquitous plastic
bag. Instead of using hard
d urable ce ra m ics o r tou gh
shiny ASS, th e trad itiona l
materials fo r a vase,
Jongerius has chosen soft
flexible polyurethane, thus
encouraging the user to
exper iment with altering
the shape ofthe vase .
HellaJongerius, 30 ]
.,
/ JongeriusLab,
Netherlands
Droog Design,
Netherlands
306
•
~
Polyurethane,
elastomers
• Improveduser-
f riendliness
• Durable
283,
295
329
• Recyclable
-
Attila
Con su me rs' voracious
appetite for co nven ience
drinks will ensure th at th e
humble steel o r a lum inium
Cricket
drinks can will be a feature Consum ption of bott led
of th e twenty-first-century water and soft d rinks
lan dscape. While recycling co ntained in PET plast ic
of t hes e cans improved bott les has risen
sig nificantly d uring the dram atically in the last
1980 s, any device that decade, so an y device th at
actively encourages people facilita tes recycling is to be
to recycle m ore is a goo d welcome d . This witty bott le
thing . Attila is a dur able crus he r makes recycling
crusher th at is a pleasu re fun and im proves storage
to use : sim ply place yo ur ca pacity of containers for
ca n in t he bottom of the collecting waste bottles.
trans lucent co lumn and

.,
enjoy t hat satisfy ing Julian Brown, Studio 305
crump ling no ise as th e / Brown, UK
'anvil' cru s he s th e can RexiteSpA, Italy 323
with the downward push
of the arm s.

•
~
Injection-moulded ABS, 297,
polycarbonate,
Santoprene
• Encourages waste
recycling
340

328

.,
/
JulianBrown,
Studio Brown, UK
Rexite SpA, Italy
305

323

•~
Steel, pla'tic

• Encourages waste
recycling
283,
295
328
 LIN PACenvironmental
kerbsidecollection box
Since the introduction of
the LI NPAC Environmental
kerbs ide co llection box in
1996 to the city of Sheffield .
UK. over twenty million
plastic bottles have been
diverted from landfill sites
to recycling pla nts wher e
the plastic is reused to
create yet more boxes.
This robu st box. with high.
im pact an d -deformat ion
cha ract eristic s, encoura ges
greate r recycling by local
au tho rities an d private
contract ors.

.,
~
LlNPAC
Environmental, UK
LlNPAC
Environmental, UK
39
'
39
'

•
~
UsedHOPEbottles

• Recycled materials
• Encourages recycling
341

327.
328

Zago™
Recycling domestic waste
has an image problem , so
anything th at can elevate
thi s act ivity into fun is
we lcom e. Three Zago'"
t ria ngular rubbi sh bins
mad e from flat-pack,
recycled ca rdbo ard neatly
sit together to form a
functional sep arator for
different was te st reams . Benza, Inc.• USA 3'3
The ph otographi c exteriors ~
clea rly indicate ea ch Benza. inc., USA 3'3
part icular waste stream 0
a nd reinforce the messa ge
that waste is a valuabl e
resource.
•
~
Recycled cardboard

• Recycled materials
• Encouragesrecycling
34'

327.
328
--
Cutlery
Patrick Laing, UK 308
One design fits all in th is
elegant example of a fork
made from bamboo, beech "
e Prototypes

or stee l. Manufacturing to
this design with locally
available rather than
imported materials reduces
•
~
Bamboo, beech, steel

• Universaldesign
suitableforlocally
available materials
281,
295
327

transport energy.

Bottle stopper and

opener
Oxo have a reputation for
excellent attention to detail
and ergonomics for their
hand too ls. This easy-to-
use device combines two
functions and thus
improves on conventional
products.
Human Factorsinco- 30 7,

.," development withOxo 321

International, USA
OxoInternational, USA 321

• Hardened rubber

,~ DualJunction device
283

329

Fold
Minimal waste is generated
Cutlerytool
from the cutt ing and
stam ping of this basic This could be the prototype
range of cutlery, which is for a 'universal' cutlery
also witty and lightweight. des ign as it cleverly
combines the functions of
knife, fork, spoon and

.,
/
WilliamWarren, UK

Smallbatchproduction,
ww.modcons, UK
3"

326
teaspoon all in one piece.

•
~
Stainless steel

• Economyofmaterials
usage
295

327,
328
e
/
Nina Tolstrup,
Denmark
Prototype
310

• Reductionin
production waste
•
~
Plastic

• Multifunctional
• Economyofmaterials
usage
283,
295
327,
329
o
~I------------------------i
(j)'
~
VI
Double -cup Erik:lan Kwakkel, 308
0'
~

r
~:
Esp resso or ca pp ucc ino ?
The cho ice is you rs in "
e
Netherla nds
REEEL, Netherlands 323

•
:::l
(JQ Porcelain
this neat tablewa re, in 295
which t he two part s are
• Dualf unction design 327,
joined at the hip, ~ • Economy ofmaterials 32 9
usage

Disposab le cutlery
and bowl MarcelWanders, Droog 306,
Design, Netherlands 311
Popl ars are so me of the Prototypefor
fast est grow ing tr ee s in Oranienbaum project
Europ e whose biom ass ca n
be harnessed to provide
co m pos ta ble, disp osa ble
cutlery.
• Poplarwood

• Renewableand
compostablematerial
339

32 7

Dr inking glass
Clever cutti ng of two PET
bottle s ena bles two
sections to be rejoined; an
o rigina l screw top is used
as the clamp to form a new
glass , It rem ain s un clear
whethe r the offcuts are
recycled or can be used to
ge ne rate other pro d ucts
s uch as na pkin rings ,

AkiKotkas, Finland 308

/
e Limitedbatch
production
PETbottles 34'
•
~

• Reused materials 328

~
-
Drink ing vessel
Boontje lovingly cuts,
s mooths and blasts old
wine bottles, giving them a

.,
minimali st makeover and a Tord Boontje. 3°5
new lease oflife. As pitcher / Netherlonds
and dr inking glass they Smollbouh production
serve to remind us of the
beauty of the material an d
the unjustifia ble waste of
one-trip packaging. as
embodied in the original
•
~
Post-consumerg!ass
bottles
• Recycledmoteriols
• Low·energy
manufacturing
328,
34 1
32] ,
328

product.

W ine rack
This flat-pac k, trian gula r.
fluted polyprop ylene wine
rack gene rate s no was te in
its production as th e
cuto uts are s u pplied as
coa ste rs in th e mail order
pac kage .

.,
/
Stuart Bristaw, UK 3°5

Designed to a 'I' Ltd, UK 306

•
~
Polypropylene 283,
295
• Zero production waste 32] ,
• Recyclable 328
 Basket 2 Hands
With their range of
colourful, robust. yet
elegant household
objects, Authe ntics have
succeeded in elevating the
status of plastic in the
hom e. Grcic's min imalist
a pproach. und erstan d ing
of the raw m aterial a nd
tongue-in-ch ee k reference
to trad itiona l bas ket
design encou rage resp ect
from the use r.

.,
/
Konstantin Grdc,
Germany
Authenticsartipresent,
Germany
307

313

•
~
Recyclable
polypropylene
• Recyclablematerial
28 3•
295
327

Barnacle
In t he '990S Droog Des ign
encou raged a reth ink for
th e hu mbl e 2-D tile. Moerel
expan ds the theme with
these orga nic-sha pe d,
earthenwa re ce ramic tiles.
which offer visual re lief for
all those bor ing bath roo m
walls and provide a useful
place to hang towels and
clothes.

.,
/
Marre Moerel,
Netherlands/USA
Smallbatchproduction
30 8

•
~
Clay

• Useof abundant
materialsfrom the
geasphere
295

329 .
34 0

• Durable
• MultifUnctional
»

- - - - -- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - --1 '-.1
Coffeecream bottle Q
:r
Attention to detail provides ~
environmental benefits
oo
for this family of bott les :3
rtl
designed for the central ~
('i'
dairy in Aargau. A sharp
"U
internal radius and (3
inwardly curved rim at c,
c
the bottle's mout h ensure Thomas Liebe, Ad Rem 30 4 !=l-
that milkdoesn 't migrate / Design, Switzerland
Vl

around the screw thread. Vetropack, Switzerland 326

This facilitates ster ilization 0
on reuse of the bott les,
which in turn saves energy.
Savings are also made on
tra nsport energy, since the
•
~
Glass, metal

• Reductionof energy
consumption during
manufacturingand
295

327,
328

new bottle shape can be distribution

packed more densely.

Elster RobertA Wettstein, 311

/ Switzerland
Inexpensive renewable This simple technology has One-off/ smallbatch 311
materials are comb ined to been applied by Wettstein 0 production, RobertA
create a funne l-shaped to other furnitu re Wettstein
oblong waste paper basket
made by hand. Brown
items such as armchairs,
footstools and chaises •
~
Poper, woad

• Renewable materials
288-9,
339
327,

l""
packaging paper is longues. • Low-energy 328
stretched taut and glued manufacturing
~ I I
"!two,, ["m,.
Durex Avant i
Natural or synthetic latex
has long been the preferred
material for manufacturing
condoms but the material
still suffers from an image
problem. Latex produces
its own distinctive odour
and, owing to the thickness
of material required to
ens ure full protection
during intercourse, can
result in a lack of sensitivity
to the wearer. It also
produces an allergic
reaction in some people.
After considerable research
a version of polyurethane
Ourex, UK 3'5
proved itse lf in tests. It is a little self-help device
as strong as latex but 40 guaranteed to ass ist in
/
lR C Products, UK 3'9
per cent thinner, is population control and the 0
odo urless and almost
transparent. Add a little
flavouring - do you fancy
tangerine, strawberry,
fight against the spread of
sexuallytransmitted
diseases including AIDS . •
~
Polyurethane

• Anaid to reduce
population growthand
improve human health
328
34'

spearmint? - and here is

Earthsleeper'
Made entirelyof Sundeala
board from recycled
newsprint with wood
corner joints, and
wood nuts and bolts,
these coffins are highly
biodegradable and make
less environmenta l
impact than conventional
wooden coffins. Coffins
are available ready-
assemb led or as flat-pack,
self-assembly units.

Vaccari l td, UK 325

/
Vaccari ltd, UK 325
0

•
~
Sundealaboard

• Recycled materials
• Compostable
29 2

327,
328

eco-ball' "
Those sensitive to today's
chemically based
washing powders have
an alternative method
available in the form of the
Ecover"
The name of Ecover, like
The Body Shop, needs little
introduction to those who
became green consume rs
in the 1980s. Established in
' 979, Ecover has always
espoused a business
policy that recognizes that
economics must be in
harmony with ecology. This
policy extends to product
development , the green
architecture of its main
factory in Belgium and the
inte rnational distribution
network throu gh twelve
thousand small health food
shops, still accountin g for
45 per cent of turnover, as
well as the supermarket
bottles (with polypropylene
tops) have extra-wide
necks, a level indicator,
plastic labels (also
recyclable) and a life
expectancy of twenty refills
before recycling, saving on
waste and landfill space.
Ecover's product range
includes washing powder,
bleach, water softener,
liquid wool wash and fabric
conditioner.
Ecover Products, 31 5
/ Belgium
e Ecover Products,
Belgium
3'5

eco-ba ll' ". This is a plastic

ball, which contains ionic
powder that releases
ionized oxygen into the
giants. Compan y policy
dictates that product s must
originate from a natura l
source with a low level of
•
,~
Various cleaningagents,
plastic containers
• Reductionofwater·
bornetoxins and
pollutants
34'

328

water and so facilitates toxicity to minimize the ir • Reuseandrecyclingof

penetration of water
molecules into fabrics to
release the dirt. A little
washing sod a helps deal
with very dirty washing
but it is claimed that a set
of three balls will help
clean the equivalent of 750
washes before losing
their activity.
burden on the environment containers
and they must be equally • Retailingsystem
efficient as convent ional, geared tosmalland
more polluting products. largeoutlets
Ecover products are
not permitted to
include petrochemical
dete rgents / perfumes/
solvents/ acids, polycar-
boxylates, phosphon ates,
animal soaps, perborate s,

.,
/
eco-bal!

eco-bol!
315

315
sulphates, colourings,
phosphates , EDTA/NTA,
optical brighteners and
chlorine-based bleaches.

•
~
Plastic, ionicpowder

• Reduction ofusage of
woshing powders
283.
295
328
Animal testing is also
banned . Ecover also have
an integrated packaging
policy and encourage
consumers to reflll r-litre
(1 3 , . -gal) containers of
washing-up liquid at shops
stocking zy-litre (44-gal)
bulk containers, which are
themselves refilled at the
facto ry. These polyethylene
 Fingerma x
These finger brushe s offer
creative opportunities to
those who find holding a
con vent ional pa int brush
d ifficult. Universal fitting
is ach ieved by mould ing
a t he rmoplast ic resin
polymer in a sp iral shape
wit h a n ellipt ical cross-
sect io n.

Juice carton s
In 19 96 at an exhibition
e ntitled ' Recycling: Form s
for the Next Centu ry-
Auster ity for Posterity',
sta ged by the Crafts
Coun cil in the UK,
craftspeople s howed the ir
s kill in reusing post-
consumer waste to breathe
given the gene ric labe l of
'waste'. Sim ilar materia ls
and weaving techniques
we re applied to a picn ic
box who se tabl eware was
all fash ioned from reused
o r recycled materials.

.,
/
BurofUrForm,
Germany
Fingermax Gbr,
Germany
305

316
life into new products.
The cons ummate skill with
wh ich t hese ca rto ns are .,
/
Lois Walpole, UK

One.off
311

•
woven and stitched

•
Polymer 296-7 Post·consumerjuice
togeth er and the final 34 1
cartons
• Universaldesign 327, design revea l the sa tisfying
(} • Reusedandrecycled 327,
• Designforneed 328 outcomes that can be (} materials 328
iFDesign Award, 2000 332 achieved with materials
Q.
 ~
o
r+
::r
~
o
o
3
tl>
~
n'
-0
o
0-
r:
!=l.
VI

.~

Kango
Here's a means of cutt ing
down on the num ber of
car journeys to local
supermarkets. This mono-
wheel trolley is capab le of
carrying a week's worth
of groceries, is easily
manoeuvred and , after use,
is folded up into a handy
package. Ideal for regular
or casual use, for leisure or
travel purposes, the Kango
leaves all those ugly, two-
wheel, tartan leathe rette
trolleys in the dark.

Feldmann + Schultchen, 316

~ Germany
Patentedpratotype- 316
0 Feldmann + Schultchen,
Germany

•
~
Cordurafabric, rubber,
Ibre.rei~forced plastic
• Encourages energy-
efficient shopping
283

329
Muscle Power
toothbrush
Muscle Power prod ucts
raise con su mer aware ness
at t he poin t of purchase by
posing the questio n,
' Do I rea lly nee d to buy a
battery-powered toot h
brush? ' The co ns ume r is
confr onted with a cho ice
of en ergy sou rces for the
sim ple prevent ative health-
car e task of bru sh ing
his/her teeth . The so lution
is provided by de sig ning a
wind-up toothbru sh , which for effective action of
ca n be used in st atic fluorides. Fully wind up Hans Schreuder, 310
mode, like a conventiona l t he me ch anism and / Netherlands
toothbru sh , or can deliver exact ly two minute s of Muscle Power, MOY, 320
a rigorous ma ssage. powe r are delivered. 0 Netherlands
Schreuder fo und t hat th irty
seco nds is the average time
peo ple s pe nd clea ning thei r
tee t h, but t hat up to two
A daily d rudge becom es
less taxing, especia lly for
chi ld re n, in whom habit-
for ming hygiene need s to
•
~
Plastics

• Encouragesimproved
health
• Human-powered
283,
295
329

minutes is rea lly requi red be induced.

Magazine rack
Pared down to the bare
m inimum , the alum inium
o ne-piece legs interlocking
with the be nt and cut ply,
th is magazine rack is a
rationa l design with
minim um usage of
materials.

MarkRogers, UK 310
/
Smallbatchproduction, 313
0 BUT, UK

•
~
Birchply,aluminium

usage
295,
339
• Economyofmaterials 328

Pin Up clock
Reviewing default uses of
materi als for s pecific
produ cts en courages
experimentation. Rigid
materials are th e no rm fo r
clock face appli catio ns but
Benza ha s been ins pired to
use wool fleece pinn ed to
the wall.
bz
Mega Solar
This solar clock is the
mo dern equ ivalent of the
sund ial, that anc ient dev ice
for telling the time using
the shadows cast by the
sun . Tod ay the energy from
the sun is harnessed by
fitt ing a photovoltaic panel
.,
coupled to a battery. Even FrogDesign, Germany 306
in no rtherly latitudes with /
cloud y days , sufficient Junghans UhrenGmbH, 318
ene rgy is stored to power Germany
the low-voltage dig ita l
d isplay tha t gives an
acc urate read -out of time
a nd date .
•
(}
Photovoltaics,electronic 34 1
components, battery
• Reducedenergy
consumption
329
Mega i
There a re two ma in
Giovanni Pelloneand 30 9 meth od s of provid ing
.,
/ Bridget Means, Benza,
USA
Benza, Inc., USA 33
e ne rgy to ope rate a
wristwatch witho ut the
need to wind it up
-•
'
me chan icallydaily or to
Woolfleece. pins. clock 34 use cons uma ble batteries .
mechanism '
The first is kinet ic energy •
• Renewablematerial 328
(} in which movem ent of th e
wear er gen erates a small
electr ic current to power
th e watch . The second,
illust rated he re, is to
ca pt ure the power of
th e s un with a s ma ll
photovolt aic pan el linked
to a storage battery. So lar
watche s are not new but
th is min imalist yet rob ust
design se ts a new
benchmark.
.,
/
FrogDes;gn, Germany
Junghans UhrenGmbH, 318
Germany
306
•
(}
Photovoftaics, electronic 341
components,battery
• Reducedenergy
consumption
32 9
 Phoeni x Thermos
off-cuts of was te
cloth so urced from a
manufactu rer of yacht sails
are fabri cated into a dr aw-
top , double-layer bag filled
wit h ins ulat ion wadding,
to provide a thermal
blan ket to keep drink s
coo l or hot. Breakin g wit h
the con vention of a rigid
the rmo s flask, th e Phoenix
Ther mo s is ea sily kept in a
pocket o r handbag, read y
to be used at a ny time. In
on e sens e thi s design has a
down s ide, s ince it appears
to e ndo rse the culture
of drinking read y bott led
wate r a nd so ft drink s
co nta ined in the ubiquitou s
PET bottles. Ho wever , it
will work jus t as well for a
drin k m ade at home.

.,
/
SMAC,Sergio
Macchioni, Italy
308

Smallbotch production, 308

SMAC, Sergio
Macchioni, Ital
Sailcloth, rope, metal 290-' ,
11 xoo -t
• Recycled materials 327
(}
pi

Miscellaneous

Pet POd™
This quirky design makes a
comfortable shelter and
living space for a cat or
small dog. The papier
rnache gives insulation, so
the Pet Pod is the ideal
solution for pets housed in
unheated buildings.

.,
/
Vaccari Ltd, UK

Vaccari Ltd, UK
325

325

•
(}
Papiermach.

• Recycledmaterials
• Compostoble
288-9

327,
330

Rollerbag
This unique, one-wheeled
trolleydoubles as a
shopping bag or suitcase,
taking the strain and
coping with smooth or
rough surfaces.

.,
/
Feldmann + Schultchen 316
Design, Germany
Traveller, Germany 325

•
(}
Various

• Dualjunctian object 329

 a
o
0-
n;'
~
V1

~f----------------------------------------------
r
:;:;:
ciil Stat ionery goods
Reject circuit boards from
electro nics manufacturers
are reu sed as stiff
protect ive covers for key
ring s, ring bind ers, ph oto
albu m s and clipb oa rds,
As legislation forces
e lect ronics manufactu rers
to be more acco untable for
d isp osal of was te and end-
of-life disposal of products,
thi s type of was te m ay no
lo nge r be availa ble for
recycling, On e wo nders
also what happ en s to th e
reu sed circuit board s when
they are discard ed by the
co nsum er. Doe s th is fo rm
of recycling disp ers e
potential met al pollut ant s
thr ou gh municipal
la ndfills ? Cuto uts also
manufacture sta tio nery
product s fro m plastic
sheeting m ad e fro m
recycled HDPE an d LDPE,

Cutouts, UK 314
/
e Cutouts, UK 314

•
~
Recycled circuit boards,
plastics

materials
<,

• Reusedand recycled
341

327

§
 U-Box
This multipurpose
polypropylene box offers
several compartments and
permits boxes to be
stacked. It provides a
versatile storage unit for
home. workshop or office.

HansjergMaier-Aichen. 308,
/
., Authentics an ipresem,
Germany
Authentics artipresent,
Germany
313

313

o•
Recyclable 34
polypropylene '
• Recyclable materials 327.
• Multifunctional 329

Waste pape r bin

The printing industry
generates vast quantities
of material that is never
actually used for the
purpose intended. Excess
print runs, abandoned
promotional literature,
pulped magazines and
books - the volume of
waste generated is high.
Forty-eight-sheet
advertising posters are
extremely difficult to
recycle because of high
concentrations of coloured
inks and special
waterproofed papers.
These latter characteristics
are ideal for certain new
products, as Goods
demonstrate with their
eye-catching waste paper
bins made out of the very
same advertising posters .
Creative ideas from a
brainstorming sess ion
often end up in the bin;
now even the best ideas,
with a wonderful ironic
twist, become the bin!

.,
/
Goods. Netherlands

Goods, Netherlands
317

317

•
~
Unusedbillboard
advertisements
• Reuse of waste
• Low-energy
manufacturing
341

327,
328
 Bas ket
Newspaper twisted into a
yarn is woven with tough
vines to create durable
baskets with a unique look.

BrianDougan. USA 30 6
/
One·offi
0
•
~
Reusednewspoper.
woodyvines
• Reusedand renewable
materials
IDRAaward, 1998
281•
34 1
327.
328
332
4

Litter bin
Waste metal strapping
from shipping containers is
woven a nd riveted into a
robust bin suitable for use
in a private gar den or
pu blic s pace .

Arunas o siopas, USA 309

/
One.off
0

•
~
Metal

• Reusedmaterials

IDRA award, 1998

29 5

328

332
4
 ~
Q
:::r
Clock ~
Post-modernism , with an
o
o
Indian flavour, is invested 3
III
in this mantel or tab le clock ~
made fre m wood harvested ri '
"1J
from susta inable so urces (3
and finished in coloured 0..
C
lacquers, !+
VI

AbhijitBansod, India 3°4

/
Titan Design Studio, 3°4
0 India

•
(}
Wood, lacquer, clock
mechanism
• Renewableand
sustainable materials
lORA award, 1998
34 1

327

332
Q.

Talking alarm clock

This touc h-sensitive alarm
clock made of 70 per cent-
recycled HDPE
dem onst rates imaginative
use of materials and ta kes
clock design into the
twenty-first centu ry. A
clock with personality may,
over time, encourage
greater custodial care!

Pedro Carrasco, 3°5

/ Portugal
Prototype
0

•
(}
Recycled HOPE, clock
mechanism
• Recycled materials

lORAaward, 1995
341

327

332
Q.
2.1 I n the Office

2 .2 Transport

2.3 Public Spaces

2.4 Architecture

2.5 Machines

2.6 Other Products

Introduction
(Work: An Evolving Concept)
Although there is a
tendency to think of the
world as one huge post-
industrial society, the
reality is that it is a myriad
of societies, some still
firm ly rooted in feudal
agrarian systems, others
heavily industrialized and
st ill others dominated by
service industries . It is
therefore untrue, an d
possi bly da nge rous ly
mis leading, to thin k that
everyo ne pe rceives
problem s of s us tai na bility
a nd work in th e same way.
In th e deve loped world
'inform at ion' is jus t as
mu ch a raw m ater ial as
timb er, iron , steel a nd
chem icals are in an
ind ustria lized society. The
m ain difference is in t hei r
env ironme ntal im pacts . In
the information society t he
worker need s access to a
workstation, wh ich may be
in the office, at home or
(in the case of a laptop
computer) somewhere in
between. Mobile phone
and wireless technology
means that workstations
no longer have to be
connected to physical local
a rea networks (LANs) or
fixed telecommunications
points . The worker may not
nee d to trave l persona lly
to a physical place of wo rk
an d th us less tra ns po rt
ene rgy is used . In an
ind ust rialized society,
however, t he wo rker has to
t ravel to t he facto ry where
ot her worke rs and physica l
ma terials are gat here d for
the purpose offa bricating a
prod uct. But bot h t he
information an d ind ustria l
workers consume finite
resources and energy and
produce waste, toxins an d
hazardous chemicals. All
societies must therefore
de sign products, materials
and services that red uce
th eir environmental
im pacts.
Work con tinues beyon d
the wo rkplace. Domestic
prod ucts that have beco me
essent ial to a way of
life, su ch as washi ng
mac hines an d to ilets , need
improvem ent s to inc reas e
th eir efficiency of e ne rgy
a nd wate r use. Oth er
a ppliances s uch as
kettl es and coo kers mu st
a lso becom e mo re
efficient during the ir live s
as s uch and be cap able
of disass emb ly for recycling
of the ma ter ials at t he
e nd of their lives.
Transporting people and
distributing goods
Work involves trans porting
people, distributing goods
or both. While electronic
networks can reduce the
need to move people
physically, most work
involves some travel.
More efficient transport
systems are therefo re
crit ical. Fuel efficiency
needs to be improved for
mod es of tra nsport that
run o n inte rnal combustion
eng ines . At t he same
time , lower-imp act fue ls
a nd tr an sp ort products
powered with re newab le
ene rgy need to be
develop ed . Above all,
pu blic tra nsp ort syste ms
have to be coordi nate d to
provide peop le with the
flexibility an d free dom.
The average super-
market, furniture store or
trade outlet, especially in
the deve loped northern
hemisphere, will have
prod ucts from all over the
wo rld. Transported over
great dista nces, expend ing
vast quantities of energy, a
prod uct's trans port energy
can sometimes exceed the
ene rgy used to make it.
Red uction in packaging
weig ht an d volume is a
perenn ial challenge to
dis trib utor s. Even th e
sm allest sav ing in
packaging for eac h produ ct
can repr esent hu ge sav ings
in tr ansport e nergy and
wast e produ ction for the
ret ailer or m idd le-m an in
th e d istributio n cha in.
On e-way-trip packaging
ca n ofte n be replaced
by lightwe igh t, reusa ble
packaging systems, a nd
a e m phasis o n local
prod ucts sol d in local
markets cou ld also
re s ult in large savings.
Working lightly:
a sustainable day
At the office and factory
more efficient working
practi ces are aided by well-
designed , d urable, eas ily
main tained prod ucts. It
is now possible to have
o ne office machine to serve
a network and provide
fac ilitie s to fax, photoco py,
print a nd sca n. Digital files
ca n be s hare d on local and
internationa l netw orks.
The pap erless office is a
parti al reality. O ffices can
be equipp ed with durable,
mo d ular furni tu re systems
an d ca rpets can be
replac ed un der a lease-
ma inte nance contract.
Office consumables
can use recycled content
and reus ed components.
In industrial production
facilities de signers,
in coordination with
environmen ta l managers,
can reduce inputs of energy
and materials an d increase
efficiencies in prod uctio n
and distr ibutio n. Waste
strea ms pro vide a nother
so urce of raw m aterial and
closed- loop recycling
of process che m icals
a nd materials e ns ures
im proved eco-efficien cy,
bett er profits a nd im proved
wo rker health . Design ca n
help deliver a 'trip le bott om
line ' of redu ced imp acts
on th e e nvironment,
im proved social benefits
an d profitab ility.
Wor k tasks in th e home
vary from washi ng th e
d ishes , the cloth es or the
car to kee ping the house
in goo d re pair . Futu re
activities might include
maintenance to check
the efficacy of renewable
powe r ap pliances or wate r-
conservation systems or
removing compost from
the waterless toilet.
A s ustainable wo rking
day in 2025 might invo lve
some of the prod ucts tha t
follow on th ese pages.

Arena Vision 401
This oval -shaped unit is
s uitab le for exterior and
interior light ing of sports
facilities. Light output has
been im proved by 10-15 per
cent for the same power
input. Disas sembly allows
sep aration of th e
component m ater ials a nd
most parts can be recycled .
Virtual Daylight'
system s
Many office workers suffer
from fat igue and illnes s
as a d irect res ult of the
poo r lighting in th eir
work environment.
Virtual Daylight' " System s
use a combination of
pola rization , high
. frequency and full-
s pect rum technolo gy to
rep rod uce daylight-quality
illumination . The systems
are designed to use les s
e ne rgy than con venti on al
office lighting and offe r a
Lights
XK series
Exit s igns fitte d wit h
incandescent lam ps can
now be fitted wit h energy-
efficient LED lamps with
potential energy savings of
up to 90 per cent. A
retrofitting kit includ es th e
appropriate scr ew bases
and sockets .
.,
/
Phi/ip, De' ign,
Netherland,
Philip, Electronics,
Netherland,
309
322
.,
~
LumatechCorporation,
USA
320
•
~
Die·cast aluminium,
glass
• Improvedenergy
efficiency
• De,ignfardi,assembly
295
328,
329
•
LumatechCorporation,
USA
LED,
• Improvedenergy
32 0
329
~ efficiency
LEDlOO-TE
sig nifican t boos t to th ose
prone to Sea son al Affective The LED 100-TE syste m
Disorder (SAD) . offer s a ran ge o f
customized diffu se rs a nd
reflect o rs fo r d own -light ing ,
Cleatvision Lighting,UK 3 which can be fitt ed into two
/ '4 basic hous ings . There are
e Clearvision Lighting,UK 314 nine 'Architect ura l', fo u r
'Deco ' a nd six ' Eco '
•
~
Various
• Simulated daylightfor
healthierwork
environment
328
d iffuser / reflecto r o ptions.
Each ho us ing inco rpo rates
a tilti ng light holder fo r low-
energy bulb s and is fitted
with ele ctron ic co nt ro l
gea r, s aving 30 per cent
over conventional ballasts.
ConcordLighting, UK 314
~
e ConcordLighting, UK 34
'
•
,}
Die-cast aluminium and
polycarbonate
• Energy-,aving,
cuslomizablelighting
system
329

Aeron
The Aeron chair rep resents
a st ep change in the way
office cha irs are designed .
It is man ufactured in t hree
sizes to acco mm odate
d iver sity of the hu m an
form a nd weig ht, making
it su itable for use rs up
to 136kg (zoolb) in
weight an d from th e first
percen tile fem ale to th e
ninety-ninth perce nt ile
m ale. It has very advanced
e rgonomics. Pneumatic
height adjustment, a
sophisticat ed Kinem at
tilt system an d the Pellicle,
a synth et ic, breathable,
membrane, a re
com ponents of t he seat
pan, which adjusts to
indiv id ual bod y sha pes .
The m anufacturin g proce ss
use s les s energy th an
co nvent ional foam
construc tion and the use
of discret e co m pone nts
of synth etic an d recycled
Biomorp h multi desk
Correct postu re while
working at a computer is
essential for good health.
This desk permits
adjust me nt of the height of
the platform s holding the
com puter mon itor and the
keyboa rd and features safe ,
rounded edges to all
co m po ne nts.
.,
/
Stephen Barlow-
Lawson, USA
Ground Support Equip- 317
ment (US) Ltd, USA
304
•
~
Paintedfibreboard, steel 339
• Fullyadjustabledesk
offershealth
advantages
329
mate rials faci litate s
d isas se mb ly and ease
of re pair for worn
com ponents (which are
s ubs equ ently recycled) .
Such des ign improves the
long evity of the prod uct.
Components are mad e
of one material rath er th an
a mixture of material s
to facilitate futu re reu se
and recycling.
BillStumpfand Don 305
.,
/ Chadwick, Herman
Miller
Herman Miller, Inc,
USA 199 1 to present
318
•
Plastic (PET, ABS, nylon 341
andglass-Jilled nylons),
steel, aluminiumand
f oam/fabric
• Improved ergonomics 328,
~ • Designfordisassembly, 329
recyclingand
remanufacturing
• Single·material
components
 Cartoo ns
Cartoons is a flexible, free-
standing screen suitable
for partition ing in domestic
and office spaces.
a sinuous style to suit the
user and to be rolled up
when not in use.

Lap desk
Officework practices,
such as 'hot desking' and
workingremotely via
intra- and extra-nets, are
nowadays demanding
more flexibil ity from
equipment. Desk space
has never been at such a
premium, so Haworth have
.,
Corrugated paper-board Luigi Baroli, Italy 304
extracted from pure #
cellulose is stiffened at Baleriltalia SpA, Italy 3
'3
the edges with a closure
of cold-processed, CFC-
free polyurethane and
at the ends with die-
cast aluminium. This
•
~
Corrugated paperboord,
aluminium, CFCfree
technopolymer
• Renewableandjor
recyclablemateria"
339,
34
'
32] ,
328
configuration allowsthe • Clean production
screen to be positioned in
produced an accessory that
improves efficiency in even
the most overcrowded
office - the Lap Desk, an
extended area on which to
rest your laptop compute r
and use as a white-board
for that vital 'to do' list.

Howorth, lnc., USA 31]

/
e Howorth, lnc., USA 31]

•
~
Variouspolymers

• MultifUnctionaloffice
auessory
32 9
 tv
o
o
cr
(ii'
!=l-
VI

Q'
~~-- --------j
Q
~ Natura
:J
(JQ
In 1993 the company
launched a new collection
of office chairs, called
' Nat ura '. The basic prem ise
of the design brief was to
create a group of products
that could be taken back by
the company at the en d of
thei r act ive life and be
eas ily refu rbished or th e
components reused.
Add itio nal criteria were to
im prove d ura bility, use
env ironme nta lly benign
ma ter ials and exte nd
prod uct life. Grammer had
Jump Stuff,
to introduce a new system
Jump Stuffll
to perm it product ret urn Eve rybod y custom izes ap prop riate accessory to
and worked closely with their do m estic s pace , so t he mounting rail.
existing customers to make why not the work space Differe nt types of task
s ure the scheme was too? Thro ugh an extended lights can be attached to
accepted . This product series of pro jects and the rail and all the
range exemplifies producer development of conceptual accessories ca n be eas ily
resp onsibil ity and the prototypes in the mid- to ad justed for a ' hot des king'
adoption of th e long view. late 1990S, such as the Flo role . Although there a re
& Eddy wor kstation , four ba sic va riatio ns to the
GrammerAG, Germany 317 Haw orth examined the system it is also possible to
/ cogn itive e rgon o mics of purchase eac h m od ule
GrammerAG, Germany 317 the des k area. The outcome independent ly so yo u can
0 is the Jump Stuff system , 'g row' the system to su it

•
(}
Various polymet>,
metalsincluding
recycled content
• Recyclable and
295-7

327,
reusable materialsand 328
which allows individuals to
se lect the co m po nents they
require to ma ximize the
fu nctionality and comfort
your needs.

Haworth,lnc.,USA 317
components of the ir own de s ks. The /
• Producttake-back spine of the syst em is a Haworth, lnc., USA 317
free -stand ing or panel- 0
Jwall-mounted rail to which
t he mo du lar components
can be attached . Whatever
yo ur regula r ta sks, yo u can
•
(}
Variousmetalsand
polymm
• MultifUnctional
modularsystem
• Designforneed
295-7

328,
329

attach and orient th e

 Ensemble BlO
This injection-moulded :::l
seat is made of Stapron N,
.....
::r
(1)
a blend of ABS and PA, o
which is manufactured with 3'l
n
integral air pockets. It is (1)

soft and more pliable and

provides improved comfort
over polypropylene, which
is often used for this type
of chair. Stapron N is
designed to be fully
recycla ble.

Alfred Hofmann, 307

/ Denmark
Fritz Hansen, Denmark 317
0
•
(}
Stapron N, chrome-
platedsteel
• A recycfable plastic
295

327

Herman Miller
Offic e Enviro nment
Today's offices are often a
conglomeration of
products competin g for
space and visual attention
and bound together by a
matrix of unruly cables.
Traditionally designers of
officespace treat flooring
and furniture as distinct
components. Not so Ross
Lovegrove, who has
considered office design
integrated, modular but
flexible system. Afloor tile
sits on a baseplate
providing a cavernous
space for ducting of service
cables and pipes. Table
su pports fit into the tiles
and lightweight table tops
connect to the supports.
This 3-D matrix offers a
neutral, tran slucent,
above-floor environment,
easy maintenance,
replacement of worn
parts, expansion of existing
faciliti es and ease of
disassembly and reuse Ross Lovegrove, UK 308
or recycling. As legislation /
for 'p roducer responsibility' Conceptualprototype, 318
gathers more mome ntum 0 Herman Miller, USA
in the USA other
manufacturers may be
driven to rethink their
existing designs . This
• Technopolymers, high-
impactpolystyrene,
aluminium, steel, gas-
filled polymers
• Custamizable,
295-7

literally from the floor up.
The Herman MillerOffi ce
Environment exploits the
full panoply of modern
materials to achieve an
328,
which can be perfectly system is one that shows (} modularsystem 329
customized to suit clients' the way. • Designfor durability,
current and futu re needs. maintenance and
Precision-engineered disassembly
componen ts encourage
 DrOol a
This fully adjustable
footrest, designed for
peo ple who spend
lon g hou rs at desks or
workstatio ns , is made
fro m recycled plast ic.
Utilitarian objects, su ch as
th is footre st, are idea l
can didates for specifying
recyclates as oppos ed to
virgin materials.

Philippe Starck, France 310

/
VitroAG, Germany 326
4)

•
~
Recycled plastics 34 1

• Recycledand recyclable 327

materials
• Singlematerialto
facililaterecycling

Eddy workstation
Co mfo rt an d ergonomics
at the average office
wo rkstation leave a lot to
be desired . Haworth
considered a nu mbe r of i.e. making the funct ionality information, working notes
concept des igns in of the spa ce mirro r the a nd devices can be
1996-97 tha t em braced act ivity of the human brain. physically grou ped on the
co gnitive erg on om ics, In this workstation , mo st relevant area of the
curvilinea r fibreglass
shelving .

Clarkson Thorpeand 310,

/ Steve Beukema, 317
Haworth, USA
Prototype, Haworth, 3
4) USA '7

•
~
Fibreglass, Plexiglass,
leather, silicone, latex
rubber, steel
• Improvedworking
environmentfor
329

greaterproductivity
andcomfort
 Model 40 70
Germany is the only
LeapT'"seating country in the world where
Building on the lessons used laminated beverage
learnt from the design of cartons are transformed
the Protege Chair in ' 99 , into dense , strong sheeting
'
teap '" Seating is one of suitable for furniture,
Steelcase's leading displays and office
products with respect accesso ries. This set of
to recycling, waste conference table and chairs
reduction and low-impact uses Tectan" fixed to steel
manufacturing. The basic frames. Tectan" comprises
design is verydurable about 7S per cent paper,
but parts can be easily 20 per cent polyethylene
removed for repair or and S per cent aluminium,
upgrading if required. At reflecting the original ratio
least 92 per cent of the of materials in the cartons
chair's parts are recyclable produced by international
and the cushioning used in manufacturers such
the upholstery is made of as TetraPak. Waste is
SO per cent-recycled PET. collected under the
During manufacture DSD (Duales System
adhesives and paints with Deutschland AG), then
no or limited Volatile so rted and shredded
Organic Compound s to create downcycled
(VOCs) and water-based feedstock of smm ('/5 in)
metal-plating processes particles. The feedstock is
considerably reduce fed into a mould where it
aquatic and aerial is su bjected to suffi cient
emissions. Employee heat and pressure to bond
working conditions at the the particles without
Grand Rapids, Michigan, adding new adhesives.
factoryhave also been re-
engineered to provide a
.,
/
Steelcase, Inc., USA 324

.,
more healthy environment. Steek ase, Inc., USA 324
Tecton, Germany 324
What will happen to the /
chair at the end of its life
has not yet been defined,
• Recycled PET, plated
steel, polyester
34 1
Tecton, Germany 324

•
• Designfordisassembly 327,
but leasing and take-back ~ andeaseofrepair 328
Tectone , steel 29 2
are options all responsible • Recycled andrecyclable
• Recycled materials 327
manufacturers willhave to
consider in the near future.
materials
• Low-impact
~
manufacturing

Armchair
Organic offi ce furniture is
the aim of Adam Berkowitz,
who uses oak from
.,
/
Adam Berkowitz, USA

ArborVitae, USA
30 4

3' 2

sustainably managed
forests, woven hemp
webbing and organic
citrus oils and paints
• Oakwood, hempfabric,
organicfinishes
• Greenprocurement
,~ from certified sources
• Renewable materials
29 0 -1,
339
327

for finishing.
Furniture
X-In Balance workplace
screen
Economic use of materials
is of direct benefit to the
environment, yet achieving
this aim is often a daunting
task, in which lightness has
to be balanced against the
need to fulfi l functional
requirement s. X-In Balance
achieves this goal and more.
Gerald Wurz,Austria
/
Nova Form/ Kautzky
0 Mechanik,Austria
•
~
Balloonsilk,steel
• Economy ofmaterials
usage
• Lightweight recyclable
materials
• Lowenergy af
manufacturing and
transport
311
3
'9,
321
290'1,
295
327,
328
Pict o, Kend o Stit z,
FS range
Wilkhahn inititated a
project in 1992 entitled
'Enviro nmental Control'
with the support of the
Ministry for Environm ental
and Economic Affa irs for
the state of LowerSaxony.
Following an aud it of their
corporate eco-balance of
inputs and outputs, teams
were set up to reduce
environmental impacts in
production and to select
materials within an
integrated IT framework.
The Wilkhahn range of
office seating is designed
to minimize polluting
processes during
production. Chrome
plating of metals is avoided
and upholstery is made
from du rable, wear-
resistant wool and
polyester fabrics without
gluing or welding.
Allfurniture is easily
asse mbled/ disass embled/
maintained and individual
com ponents can be
recovered for recycl ing
upon disasse mbly.
Produkt Entwicklung 3°9
/ Roericht, Germany
Wilkhahn+ Hahne 326
0 GmbH, Germany
•
~
Pure-grade metals,
thermoplastics
• Clean production
• Designfor disassembly
and recycling
295
327,
328
 Furniture

....
::::l
::r
Non-toxic (J)

workstation o
:B
("l
This is ess entia lly a (J)

mod ular, orga nic range

of office furn iture,
wh ich at th e end of
its useful life ca n be
furthe r recycled or
composted , retu rning
the constituents back
to the bios phere.
Attention to detail
ensu res a flexible
working en vironment
with a ran ge of furn iture
configurations.

Office furniture Erez Steinberg. Studio 310

/ egoUSA
This mo du lar system of ads/ Studio ego USA 324
s he lving, worktops an d
4)
Erez Steinbergand Gia 310
des ks uses the composite
materials Ho mos ote an d
Mede x with the natura l
/
4)
Giasullo, Studioeg, USA
Studio eg, USA 324
• Organic materials,
recycled andreused
woodandpaper
34 1

•
• Renewableand 32].
look of card boar d in a Homa sote, Medex,
cardboard
2]8
~ recyclablematerials 340
m inima list design that • Lowenvironmental
• Low-energymaterials 328
emphasizes the simple ~ • Modularsystem impact
virtues of the materials.

Sundeala med ium

board screen
The orig inal Sun deala
company bega n
manufacturi ng fibreboa rd
from waste cellulose in
1898 and for the last
seven ty years Sundeala
board s have ut ilized
recycled newsp rint as the
primary m at eria l. ' K' qua lity Celotex, UK 314
unb leached natur al board /
is for interior use, while 'A' Celotex, UK 34
quality with natural binder s 4) '
and colourin g to red uce
mois ture pen et ratio n is
suitable for s helte red
exterior use .
•
~
recycled newsprint.
natural binders
34 1

• Reduced waste disposal 32],

• Recycled and recyclable 328
material
 STEP
Acombination of different-
sized, lightweight, plywood
veneered tabletops can be
quickly assembled and linked
together to form flexible
arrangements as required.
Legs and connecting plates
are made of aluminium and
all the various components
can be sto red on a purpose-
built trolley.
Karba{Karb, 308,

"
0
Switzerland, and Dyes,
Germany
Dyes,Germany
3' 5

3'5

•
Viper Aluminium,plywood 295
Eliptical cross-section
• Lightweight, 329
cardboard tub es made
~ multifunctional
from recycled paper are furniture
connected to each other,
top and bottom , by
a specially moulded
plastic capping. Extensive
.," HansJakobsen,
Denmark
Fritz Hansen, Denmark
30 7

3'7

articulation between
adjacent tu bes permits
the screen to be rolled up
when not in use.
•
~
Cardboard, plastic

• Recycled material
28 3,
288-9
327
Supine workst ati on

This bespoke workstation

was designed for a
computer specialist who
found it impossible to work
at a conventional desk for
any length of time because
of th ree fused vertebrae
in his lower back. The
Center for Rehabilitation
Technology developed a
workstation that can be
rolled towards the chair
and locked in position.
Once the user is seated
the chair can be tilted
backwards and the monitor
and keyboard swung into
position.

.," Julius T. Corkranand

AlanHarp, USA
305

Centerfor Rehabilitation 30 5
Technology, Collegeof
Architecture, Georgia
InstituteafTechnalogy,
USA

•
~
Various

• Designfor
personalization
providing extracomfort
329
Curva
Reuse of existing materials
or manufactured
components requires Karisma
verylittle or no energy
input and is a quickway of Sanford UK is part of the
reintroducing resources Sanford Corporation, which
into the materials stream . is the world's largest
De Denktank have come up manufacturer of pencils
with a stimulating example based upon waste wood
of reuse with their Curva products , a mixture of
flexible yet unbreakable wood flour and polymers.
ruler, made from discarded Allwood-cased pencils
aluminium venetian-blind De Denktank, manufactured by Sanford
305
slats obtained from local / Netherlands UK use wood from
recycl ing depots. Silkscreen De Denktank, 305 managed forests and,
printed graphics are 0 Netherlands where possible, pencils are
printed on to the original
coloured slats and 100 per
cent-recycled packaging is
used to protect the ruler
•
~
Reused aluminium

• Reuseof materials
• Low·energy
ma nufaeturin~
295

during distribution and
retailing. Simplicity is a
key element of this design.
328
protected by water-based
varnishes, which are
hardened by ultraviolet
light, rather than using
Design Senseaward,
solvent-based inks.
332
Q. 1999
Packaging and plastic
waste are recycled at the
production plant.

Episola
Using a pencil as the Teo Enlund, Sweden 306
fulcrum, this exquisitely / SanfordUKLtd, UK 323
simple set of scales allows Simplicitas, Sweden 324 /
letters to be graded for 0 SanfordUKLtd. UK 323
correct stamping, It also
serves as a letter opener
and involves minimal use
of materials and energy
•
~
Metal

• Econom yofmaterials
ondlowembodied
energy
295

327,
328,
34 0
0

•
~
Wood, water·based
varnishes
• Recycled materials
• Clean production
298,
339
327,
328
during manufacturing.
• Supply·chain
management

Remarkable recycled
pencil
Used polystyre ne cu ps
from ve nd ing machines are
s hredded and re-processed
into a new ' plastic alloy', in
wh ich graphite and other
ma terials are mixed with
po lystyrene and extrude d
in a s pecia l die to crea te
a new type of pencil.
It perform s as we ll as
trad itiona l 'lead' pe ncils
and he lps reduce
consumption of the timber
that traditionally encases
th e lead .
.,
/
Edward Douglas·Miller, 307,
Remarkable Pencils, UK 323
Remarkable Pencils, UK 323
•
~
Recycledpolystyrene,
graphite, additives
• Reduces resource
consumption
• Reduces waste
34
'
328
production
• Recycling
Sensan'pen
Gripping a pe n for an
extended period ca n cause
disco mfo rt. A soft, non-
toxic ge l around th e grip
area m ould s itself to fit the
user's fingers as it warms
up an d co nseque ntly
im proves co mfort . On ce
the gel cools it ret urn s to
its orig inal shape.
SaveACup
Drinks ve nding machine s
da ily consume vast
qu anti ties of standa rd
Som rn polystyrene cups to
satisfy the t hirst of office
workers a nd use rs of public
spaces. All thos e s pen t
cups - what a waste! Save
A Cup has organi zed d irect
or thir d-party collectio n
of use d cups in all the
maj or UK cities, using recyclate is s uita ble for
s pecia lly des igned bins low-grad e use s uch as
and mac hines to s hred pen s, rulers an d key rings .
th e cups . Co mpa nies
.,
regist e red with th e UK's Save A CupRecycling 323
Environ m ent Agen cy / Company, UK
ca n obtain a Packaging Save A CupRecycling 323
Reco very Not e (PRN) Company, UK
for the to nnage recycled
to com ply with th e
UK Packaging Wast e
Regulat io ns . The feeds tock
•
~
Polystyrene
• Recycled materials
341
327
GreenDisk
Ex-Microsoft program dis ks
are recycled by del eti ng the
dat a and trip le-testin g so
as to guarantee that the y
a re virus- and error-free.
A new labe l is adde d and
the dis ks are boxed in packs
of ten o r twe nty-five using
recycled brown ca rdboard.
GreenDisk, USA 317
/
\ e GreenDisk,USA 317
/
BoydWillat, USA 327
•
~
Recycledfloppydisks
• Reusingand recycling
existing products
34
327
'
e WillatWriting
Instruments, USA
327
•
~
Metal,gel 295
• Designforcomfortand 329
customization
 EPSON Stylus Sca n 2000
Con vergen ce of digital
technology has enabled mov ing toward s a Factor ....:::l
:::r
fl)
Epso n to combine th ree 4 red uctio n in resource
functions in one machine, us age. In recogniti on of the
o
33
()
with significant savings in im po rtance of aesthetics fl)

materials resources. This in the office, it has a range

small desktop mach ine of coloured cover panels,
perm its printing , scann ing a llowing custo me rs to
and copying and embod ies choo se o ne to complement
a design philos ophy that is their local decor.

Single-handed keyboa rd modern of ailments . •

Seika Epson 310
'Access for all' is the clarion A curved keyboard and / Corporouon .j apan
cry of the prop on e nts of pa lm rest ing pads ensure EpsonDeutschland 316
the Informat ion Age but less tiring mo vements. 0 GmbH, Germany
con vention al keyboa rd
design deni es access to
individuals wit h disabilities.
Maltron's single-ha nde d /
PCD Maltron Ltd,UK 32 2
•
~
Various

• Resourceefficiency 329

head/m out h stick keyboard s PCD Maltron Ltd, UK 32 2 q. iFDesign Award, 2 000 332

are too ls to he lp th em 0
overcome this hurdl e an d to
enjoy what others take fo r
granted . The Etype keyboard
is also a tool for t ho se
•
~
Variousplastics.
electronics
• Improved userhealth
• Improved au essto
informationfor those
34 1

32 9
/
Canon.japan 314

suffering from repetitive withdisabilities Canon,japan 314

strain injury (RSI), th at most 0

•
~
Various

• Reductionin
consumablesand
energyconsumption
328,
329

q. En vironmentalChoice
EcoLogo M eco-label,
Canada

GP225 series
A photo cop ier, printer ,
fax machin e a nd, m ore
recent ly, a scanner have
become th e sta nda rd
compl em en t of desktop
equipment for most
busin esse s. Can on 's
Networ ked Office Syste ms ,
such as th e GP225 Series ,
have avoided th e
unn ecessa ry use of pap er
when usin g individua l,
mon o-funct ion mach ine s
by integrat ing t he fun ction s
into o ne networked
system. Prod uctivity can
be increased a nd use
of cons umables, s uch
as toner and pa per, is
reduced .

PagePro8
This compact desktop laser
printer boasts a small
footprint and low noise
operation thanks to the
absence of a ventilation
fan. Low emissions,
low ene rgyconsumption
and a recyclable plastic
casing combine to
make the PagePr08 an
excellent example of more
environmentally conscious
manufacturing.
Xe rox" Document
Centre 470 a nd 460®
se ries
The XeroxCorporation
was an earlyado pter of
greener manufacturing,
environmental
ma nageme nt systems
and product take-back.
This has meant des igning
standardized parts that are
interchangeable across a
range of products and are
clearlyidentified to assist
with reuse and recycling.
Products are also des igned
for ease of disassemblyto
facilitate reuse, recycling
or materials recovery.
Areduction in the total
number of parts in each
machine is also cent ral
to the compa ny's design
philosophy. The Xerox"
Yoshihiro Ichi, Industrial 30 7 ECOSYS
/ DesignDivision, The current range of nine
Minolto,japan
ECOSYS laser printers
Minolta,japan 320
(» manufactured by Kyocera
•
Plasticcasing, 283, constitutes a modular design
electronics 295 system that permits
• Lowenergy 328 , upgrading from a simple
~ consumption 329 deskto p personal printer, the
• Low emissionof FS-680, capable of 8ppm, to
harmfulsubstances the free-stand ing FS-gooo,
• Low noise which has an output of up to
• Recyclable materials
iF EcologyDesign
36ppm. These printers use
4 Award, 1999
332
specially developed long-life
drum techno logy rather tha n
cartridges, so only the toner
has to be replenished .
Consequently maintenance
requirement s and operating
costs are low.
FA Porsche with 309
/ Kyocera, japan
Kyocera,japan 3' 9
(»
•
~
Various
• Reduction in
consumabfes
• Modularupgrade path
328
Document Centre 470 and machines capable of is EnergySta r compliant,
460" series are typicalof copying, printing, faxing the sleep mode requiring
networked, multifunctional and scanning. The series just 65watts, comp ared
with , ,425watts in
operationaland 260 watts
in low power mode.
Xerox Corporation, USA 326
/
e XeroxCorporation, USA 326
•
~
Various
• Multifunctionality 327,
• Designfordisassembly 328,
• Reduction inmaterials 329
usagein
manufacturing
• Producttake-back

Multisync®LT 140
This lightwe ight, co m pact
data projector has a
PCMIA-ca rd drive, which
perm its th e unit to be
used with o ut linking up
to a Pc. The total numbe r
of com po ne nts has
been kept to a m inim um
and upo n dis ass em bly
material s are ea s ily
separate d into pure-
grade s. A slot is provided
to st ore the remote
control and a periph e ral
mou se enabl es
annotation s to be made
on t he pro ject ed data.
~
IDEO Product
Development.j apan
307
NECDeutschland 321
0 GmbH, Germany
•
~
Various
• Economyof materials 327.
usage
• Designfordisassembly
328
iFEcologyDesign 332
~ Award, 2000
....:::>
:::r
(I)
o
IBM IntelliStat io n E Pro ~
n
(I)
This is the worl d's first
PC to use 100 per cen t-
recycled plastics for t he
cas ings for th e mon itor.
CPU a nd keyboard. These
co mponents a re up to
20 per cent chea pe r th an
t hose m ade from virgin
mat erials. A s ma ll deskto p
foo t print is m atch ed to
a high-s pecification
works ta tion s uita ble for a ll
typ es of professiona l uses
fro m gra ph ics to financial
and bu siness networ ks.
IBM Personal Systems 318
/
., GroupDesign. IBM
Corporation, USA
IBM Corporation. USA 318
•
~
Recycled plastics.
electronics
• Recycled content
iFDesignAward, 2000
283•
295
327
332
4
 Packaging and Shipping

Air Box
Packaging materials are
dead weight, which
imposes a cost on the
sende r or recipient and
consumes transport
energy. Li ghtweight yet
st rong materials are the
nirvana to which every
packaging desig ner asp ires.
Air Box is an off-the-shelf
AirPackaging
312
/ Techn ologies, USA
range of inflatable,
tra nsparent nylonf PE
bags with resealable
valves, which add very
litt le to gross parcel
weight. Altho ugh the
manufacturers advise
additional external
protection with cardboard
to prevent puncture of the
polymer mix, some users
have discovered great
publicity value in allowi ng

e AirPackaging
Technologies, USA
312 the conte nts of their Ai r
Boxes to be revealed. It is

•
(}
Nylonand polyethylene
mixture
• Lightweight, reusable
packagingsystem
296-7

328
reported that IBM sent an
invitation to a breakfast
meeting with an egg
enclosed.
Akylux
Polypropylene sheeting is
a resilient alternative to
corrugated cardboard,
especially when it can
Airfil
encourage multi-trip,
This lightweight packaging reduction in the thickness reusable packaging.
made of recyclable PE uses of the outer packaging Kayserberg Packaging have
air as the shock-absorbing material. It is also reusa ble, designed numerous box
material to protect goods clean and free of dust. systems with internal
in transit. Aiml air bags compa rtments , which can
are produced in standard
and bespoke sizes,
providing a viable, less
expensive alternative to
.,
/
AmasecAirjil, UK

AmasecAirjil, UK
312

3' 2
be reused for distribution
of com ponents and
finished products. Being
the onlycompo nent in this
polystyrene 'chips' and
'bubble wrap'. The Airf]]
system significantly
reduces storage space
•
(}
Polyethylene 29 6'7

• Reductioninmaterials 327,
usage
• Use ofa recyclable
328
product, the PP can easily
be recycled when it reaches
the end of its useful life.

requirements and allows a plastic

.,
/
KayserbergPackaging,
France
KayserbergPackaging,
France
319

319

•
(}
Polypropylene

• Reusableand
recyclable
• Blue Angeleeo-Iabel
296-7

328

Cargill DawPalymers,
/ USA/Netherlands
Cargill DowPolymers,
0 USA/Netherlands
• PLA - EcaPLA'
• Biodegradable plastic
~ Centre, and R. S. Wall,
Compostable organic
refuse bag
Disposal of mun icipal
biodegradable waste,
such as leaves, grass and
weeds, is facilitated by
using this sack made
of a biodegradable
thermoplastic, polylactide
or PLA, derived from lactic
acid . At landfill or compost
sites the bags can be
disposed of along with the
314 waste. These bags offer a
number of advantages over
314
kraft paper bags, such
as improved strength for
283
wet contents and easier
327 handling.
Cull-Un Pack
This is a UN-certified
packaging design for the
transport of hazardous
chemicals in glass
containers. A strong
moulded pulp base and
top, made from used
cardboard boxes , protects
the containers, wh ich are
enclosed in a corrugated
cardboard outer. It meets
RabertCullen al, Sans,
/ UK
RobertCullen al, Sons,
0 UK
•
~
100 percent-recycled
paperandboard
• Recycled, renewable
materials
Natural gourd
packaging
Harnessing nature to
manufacture standard ized
goods has long been the
preserve of the farmer, but
now product designers may
benefit too. Gourds, which
are traditionally used in
many tropical countries,
can be encouraged to grow
into specific shapes by
surrounding them with a
plywood mould , the final
form being controlled by
the intended usage.
AJ. Velthuizen,
/ European Design 311
RotterdamAcademyof
Architecture al, Urban
Planning. Netherlands
Prototype
0
•
~
Gourds
• Renewable and
compostablematerials
339
327,
• Verylow-energy 'bio- 3
28
manufacturing'
stringent safety tests, packaging. All the materials
including a 1.9m (6ft) are from recycled sources
drop, which had previously and the packs can be
been met only by using delivered flat, saving
expanded polystyrene valuable delivery space.
323
323
288-9
327
IFCOreturnable
t ransit packaging
(0. S4 sq ua re ft). At th e e nd
Eleven sta nda rd sizes of of th eir usefu l working lives
flat-pack, reusable plastic the po lypro pylene is
conta ine rs with ven tilate d recycled . An eco bala nce
s ides a re meant for t ransit st udy by Ecob alance
packaging for a ll types of Appl ied Resea rch Gmb H
fres h produ ce. The IFCO revea led significa ntly less
system is use d in ove r enviro nm enta l im pact from
thirty co un t ries a nd an th e IFCO syste m t ha n from
es tima te d seve nty m illion co nve nt iona l one-way
packag ing unit s are in co rruga ted car d boa rd
circulation. Com pat ible boxes.
wit h loading o n Euro and
ISO pa llets , th e units a re
of co ns ta nt tare, a re eas ily International Food 318
clea ned and whe n fold ed / Container Organization
redu ce sto rage space GmbH, Germany
req uireme nts by 80
per cent. Unit weig ht-
e International Food
ContainerOrganization
GmbH, Germany
318

•
to -volume rat ios a re
Polypropylene 296-7
economic al: tare we ights
va ry from 0 .6Skg (l ib 7oz) • Recyclable single 328,
to 1.7Skg (31b'4oz ), giving (} material 329
res pective storage vo lum es o Closed loopsystem

of between 0 .0 1 sq uare • Reductions inunit

m et res (0 .11 sq ua re ft) manufacturingand
and o .OSsquare metres transport energy
o BlueAngeleco- label

be sto red into o ne-t hird of

its o riginal s ize by fold ing
the s ides, thu s sav ing
valua ble ca rgo s pace .
Meeti ng EU sta nda rds
and with a n expec te d
serv ice life of ten yea rs,
th e Palleco n 3 Autoflow
can be en ti rely recycled at
th e en d of its use ful life .

Pallecon 3Autoflow
Mad e of sh eet and sol id
ste el, thi s co nta ine r
.,
/

.-
LSKIndustries Ply Ltd,
Australia
LSKIndustries Ply Ltd,
Australia
Steel
319

319

295
is s uita ble for t rans po rting
a wide range of
industria l liquid s from
•
(}
o Single materialto 328,
facilitaterecycling 329
pha rmace utical produ ct s • Reusableand
to foo ds t uffs. It is em ptied recyclable
via a sum p through valves, o Potentialreducti onof
which are recyclable, a nd transportenergy
iFDesignAward, 2000 332
is ea s ily cleaned betwe en
co nsig nme nts . It ca n
4

Presswood pallet
Unli ke traditional timber
pallets, the ' Inka' pallets
don't need to be fixed with
staples or nails since they
are manufactured from
recycled timber waste
bonded with water-
resistant synthet ic resins.
Other advantages over
conventional pallets
include more comp act
stacking and lower tare
weight. Standard pallet
sizes meet current
European regulations
and are recyclable. As of
January 200 0 , wood is
included within the EU
Rexpak'
This multi-trip cardboard
box is being tested by the
food-di stribution industry
in the UK. It is a collaps ible
box that is reconstructed
when required by folding
and using tem porary
.,/
• ~
D _
VarioPac'i"
The st ruggle to extract tactile. translu cent
CDs from their protective and shatter -proof
covers is consigned to Metocene (metallocene
the past thanks to this polypropylene) requires
well-conceived and 46 per cent less energy
-manufactured product. during manufacturing by
Packaging Waste recovery Simply press the lever in injection moulding and
and recycling regulations , the corner to eject the reduces transport volume
so the reduced wood CD. An ass ess ment by by 33 per cent - ample
content of these pallets FH Li ppe of the VarioPac proof that this redesign
lowers the costs asso ciated Rover conventiona l reduces environm ental
with these obligations. cases revealed that the impacts.
.,
/
WeTZalit AG + Co.,
Germany
WeTZalit AG + Co.,
326
326
.,
/
VarioPac Disc Systems
GmbH, Germany
Ehlebracht AG,
Germany
3"
315
•
Germany
•
MetoceneX 5008, 296-7
Waste timber,resins 284,
339 • Reduction of materials 327.
~
• Recycled materials 327, ~ usage 328
• Encouragesreduction 328
• Reduction of embodied
intransport-energy
and transport energy
consumption
iFEcologyDesign
q. Award,2000
332
Velcro" ta pe to keep its
sha pe and strength. Each
box is capable of up to
ten trips before recycling,
reducing materials
consumption, labour
and disposal costs .
Rexam, UK
Rexam, UK
323
323
Corrugated cardboard
• Reusablepackaging
288-9
328
 Sylvania
An important part of the
turnover of Sylvania
Lighting Internationa l is
directly to electrical
equipment wholesalers.
While retaining the strong
corporate identity with
minimal graphics (the light
beam and polar curve), the
clear techn ical information
printed on plain brown
cardboard assists
wholesalers in product
identification while st ill
providing adequate
protection of the lamps.
This philosophy is
extended to other
promotional and display
material such as
catalogues, retail displays
and so on.

PremselaandVonk, 309
/ Netherlands
Sylvania Lighting 310
0 Internationa l,
Jiffy® Switzerland and USA
Jiffy produce a range of
bags to protect goods
tra nsported via postal
and courier systems . The
•
(}
Cardboard, paper,
printing inks
• Reduction in
consumption of
printing inks
288-9

330

padding is made of]2-75

per cent-recycled, shredded
newsprint and the exterior
is a tough brown paper,
which permits the bags to
be reused.
JiffY Packaging 318
/ Company Ltd, UK
JiffY Packaging 318
0 CompanyLtd, UK

•
(}
Recycled newsprint

• Recycledmaterials
• Reusable product
34
'
327,
328

SchaferWerke GmbH, 323

/ Germany
SchaferWerke GmbH, 323
0 Germany

Schafer Eco Keg

Die-cast, injection-
moulded, thermop lastic
polyurethane sealing
rings. All parts can be
and can be stacked more
eas ily than conventional
•
(}
Stainlesssteel,
thermoplastic
• Designfordurability,
disassemblyand
recyclability
295

328,
329

base and top clip on to
the stainless-steel body of
this beverage container,
avoiding the need to
glue in place rubber or
disassembled for repair,
replacement and pure-
grade recycling. The
container is suitable for
all automated KEG plants
containers , making • Reductionintransport
for space savings and energy
improved trans port iFEcologyDesign 332
efficiency. 4 Award,2 00 0
 Packaging and Shigping

....
::J
:r
Biopac (1)

This biodegradable
o
:B
n
packaging is suitable for (1)

pharmaceutical and
confectionery products.
Biopac is compose d of
3MTM8ooo
edible starch su bstances.
Contamination of recycled
plastic feedstock with
unknown types of plastic Haasa, Austria 3
can render recyclate ~ ']
unusable and damage HaoSQ, Austria 3]
Top Box production plant. It is 0 '

The Top Box is a versatile

storage container made
of a collapsible, flat-pack,
cardboard carcass with
not always possible to
create labels by embossing
the information on
components or products,
•
Q
Edible starch

• Biodegradable,
compostable
339

32]

a hinged plastic lid so 3M have produced a

incorporating a tamper- stick-on label that can be
proof catch and carrying used when recycl ing ABS
handles. It is square in
section and stackable and
so can be efficie ntly stored
or transported without
occupying excessive space .

SamsDesign and Reed 310

~ Corrugated Cases,UK
ReedCorrugated Cases, 310
0 UK

•
Q
Cardboard, plastic

• Reusable,
multifunctional
storagecontainer
288-9

328,
329

• Potential reductionin
transport energy

and polycarbonate, Hiep Nguyen, Gerald 312

ABSfpolycarbonate mixes ~ Schniedermeier,
and polystyrene. Such Yolanda Grievenow,
Den Suoss, 3M
plastics are common in the
Deutschland, Germany
electronics indust rywhere 3M Deutschland, 312
identification of materials 0 Germany
at disassembly will become
more critical as the
EU WEEE Directive on
recycling of electronic
equipment is applied
•
Q
Plastics

• Faci/itates plastics
identification and
recycling
283,
295
33°

over the next few years. q. iFEcologyDesign

Award,1999
332
 Land

Allison bus
An im provement in fuel
economy of So per ce nt
ove r co nven tiona l powered
units is ac hieved by usin g
th e Allison Elect ric Drives
hybrid system deve loped
Allison Trans mission ,
a s ubsidiary of Gen eral
Moto rs. The syste m
/
clea ne r public t rans po rt
syste ms . A well-peo pled
bus equi ppe d with s uch
clea n technol ogy is patentl y
mo re s usta ina ble tha n lots
of single-occu pa ncy ca rs.
General Motors,USA 317
Metropo litan express
train
In contrast to mos t
mod ern t rains, th e interior
of this new tr ain system
is mad e of entirely natur al
or recyclable ma teria ls.
With mo ulded lam inated
Ray Eame s. For th ose who
travel regularly by rail the
little to uc he s, su ch as a
pa dded head pillow, will
be mu ch appreciated .

. .,
also gives a significa nt woo d shells a nd leathe r gmp -Architekten, 307
reduction in em issions
of ca rbon monoxide,
e General Motors,USA 317
upholste ry, thi s design
makes s ignifican t reference
Germany
DeutscheBahnAGand 315

hydrocarbons, part iculate
matter and nitrous oxide .
The Allison Bus represents
an opportunity to create
Checkpoint and
Checkt ag
Loose wheel nuts can
lead to acc idents, with
loss of life and possible
spillage of pollutants
and to xins into the
environment. Check po int
Various
• Improvedfu el
329
(} efficiency
• Reductioninemissions
and Checktag are two
types of plastic cap
th at are pu shed over a
nut once it has been
tigh tened to t he correct
to rque. The arrow s on
.
to the orig ina l 1956 Metropalitan Express
He rma n Miller Model No. Train GmbH German
670 an d 671 lounge chairs Leather, plywood, 395
stainless steel
designed by Charles an d
• Renewableand 327
re elablematerials
iFDesignAward, 2000 332
each cap should be
a ligned unless the nuts
have wo rked themselves
loose. A qu ick visua l
check is all that is needed
to ide ntifY a rogue nut.

., /
Mike Marczynski, UK 30 8

.
(}
Business Lines, UK

Plastic

• Improvement inroad
safety
• Reductionin pollution
313

28 3,
295
328,
329

Cold Feather
With a maximum gross
weight of 40 tonnes for all
European road haulage
vehicles, any reduction in
the tare weight of an empty
vehicle means potentially
more cargo capacity. The
design team were able to
remove two longitudinal
chassis girders because
the lightweight trailer
body made of dual layers of
composites was sufficiently
rigid. The deck layer
comprises a mixture of
aramid composite, glass
fibre and balsa wood with a
high compres sion strength,
and the underneat h layer
consists of glass fibre and
aluminium sheet with a
PVC foam infill. Side panels
are reinforced with carbon-
Flexitec
Traffic-calming systems
installed using
conventional techniques
require considerable
manpower and cause
disruption to traffic during
installation. Flexitec, a
hard-wearing modu lar
system of kerbs, blocks and
ramps, manufactured from
recycled rubber, is installed
bybolting each module to
the existing road surface.
It reduces road congestion
during installation and can
be used for permanent or
temporarytraffic calming.
reinforced resin beams and
the outer skin is made of
an aramid-epoxyresin.
Aramid textiles are specially
woven in layers with the
fibres in adjacent layers
orientated at 45 degrees to
each other, giving the m
greater impact resistanc e
and reducing flexing.
Overall the design saves
3 tonnes tare weight over
conventional desig ns.
.,
/
Team ofthirtydesign ers, 311
University ofTechnology,
Delft, Netherlands
Conceptual prototype
•
Variouscomposites,
steel,aluminium
• Reduction infuel
~ consumption
BTMInternational Ltd,
J-' UK
e BTM International Ltd,
UK
•
~
Recycled rubber
• Recycled materials
• Reusable system
• Reduced energyof
instal1ation
Land
EVEC
This device is fitted to a payback within 500
the induction side of miles (800km) of the
an internal combu stion device's being fitted to
engine and can deliver up a vehicle. EVEC can be
to 62 per cent reduction retrofitted to old and
of carbon monoxide new vehicles, unlike
and 35 per cent of most catalytic converters,
hydrocarbons in the which work onlyon
exhaust gases. According modern , lead-free
to the man ufacturers, fuel engines .
lifecycle analysis shows
.,
/
HawtalWhiting
Environmental, UK
Hawtal Whiting
Environmental, UK
31]
31]
•
Aluminium 395
395
• Reduction ofexhaust 329
330 ~ emissions
Tanksignal system
A radio transm itter
monitors the fuel level in a
3' 3 storage tank and se nds the
information to a telemetry
313 device called a Signalman
fitted to the custo mer's
283
32] ,
328
telephone network point.
This Signalman updat es a
PC at the fuel depot, so at
any time the supplier can
work out the best route and
volume of fuel to deliver to
his customers . This system
can be used for domestic
and industrial fuel su pplies.
It is est imated that it could
save up to half of the road
journeys by delivery
vehicles.
.,
/
SensorSystems
Watchman, UK
SensorSystems
Watchman, UK
323
323
•
~
Radio transmitter,
telemetrydevice, PC
• Significant reductionin
transport energyto
delivergoods
34 1
328
Land

Electrically power - Cont inuously

assisted steering regenerat ing trap
(EPAS) (CRT) Johnson Matthey, UK
Most power steering The CRTis a catalytic nitrous oxide rather than
systems involve installation converter and particle filter oxygen. As a result it Johnson Matthey, UK
of a hydraulic motor and for diesel-engined city is low-maintenance,
associated piping. EPAS
uses an electronically
cont rolled direct-drive
electronic motor and
trucks and buses operating
on low sulphur-type fuels.
The converter oxidizes the
particulate matte r at high
requiring the filter to be
turned in the housing
every160,000km
(100,000 miles).
• Various

• Reduction of
particulateemissions
from dieselengines
claims to achieve a 5 temperatu res using
per cent improvement
in fuel economy and
easy, maintenance-fee
installation. More
importantly, it avoids the TRW Lucas Varity 325
risk of contamina tion of the / Electrical Steering, UK
vehicle and environment TRW LucasVarity 32 5
with corrosive hydraulic
4) Electrical Steering, UK
fluid, which can prevent
recycling. EPAS technology
has already been sold to
sixcar manufacturers
•
(}
Various

• Improvedfuel
consumption,avoids
risk ofescaping
329

for installation in their pollutants

new models.

Wheel
Any technique that saves
weight in road-vehicle
wheels yields in-built
savings in fuel
consumption . Resin
Transfer Moulding' "
is a process of making
lightweight, composite
wheels. Textiles made of
carbon-reinforced fibres are
/ Netherlands
4)
impregnated with catalyzed
resin in a straightforward
manufacturing process.
Similar principles can be
app lied to other products
traditionally made out of
meta l, such as safety
helmets using aramide-
fibre-reinforced textiles.
Prins Dokkum BV, 322
Prins Dokkum BV, 322
Netherlands
Fuel catalyst
Catalytic converters reduce
the emissions from exhaust
gases when retrofitted to
internal combustion
engines. Most use rare
metals to 'treat' the gases.
The Fuel Catalyst is a
metallicalloy catalytic
material made principally of
tin-based materials, giving
improved oxidat ion during
combustion and therefore
generating a cleaner
exhaust stream and
improvingfuel efficiency.
Each Fuel Catalyst is
guaranteed to last
400,000km (250,000
miles). Users have reported
reduction of exhaust
emissions between 40
per cent and 70 per cent
and fuel economy improved
by 15per cent.

•
(}
Resin, carbonji bre-
reinforcedtexliles
• Reductioninfossilfuel
consumption
284,
300-1
328
/
4)
PowerMakersPlus, UK

PowerMakersPlus, UK
322

322

• Conservation ofmetal
reserves
•
(}
Tin andothermetal
alloys
• Reduction of
emissions, improved
fue!economy
295

328
 land

Buses
Since the mid-1 990s the of between 3 and 5 of the reducing environmental MAN Nutzfahrzeuge, 32 0
German commercial Euro 1, 1990, exhaust impacts is reflected / Germany
vehicle manufacturers legislation. Afurther in their accreditation MAN Nutzfahrzeuge, 320
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge have benefit is a reduction to environmen tal 0 Germany
been testing working in noise to almost half management sta ndards Various
prototypes using natural the normal level of a including EMAS and, at the 11
• Lowemissions 328,
gas (CNG), liquefied diesel-powered bus.
MAN's commitment to
Steyr factory, ISO 14001.
~ • Low noisepollution 32 9
petroleum gas (LPG),
hydrogen fuel cells and a
biofuel called rapeseed oil
methylester (RM E) as an
alternative to diesel fuel.
Anarticulated bus powered
byCNGdevelops 310 bhp
but, in combination with
closed-loop catalytic
converters, conforms to
Euro 3 emissions levels
proposed by Germany,
which are less than or
equal to 2 g/ kWh carbon
monoxide, 0.6 g/ kWh
hydrocarbons, 5 g/kWh
nitrous oxides and 0.1
g/kWh of particulate matter
(PMlOS). These levels
show a reduction factor

Liquefiednatural gas-
powered vehicle
Chilledfood is delivered
dailyto each store in the
Marks & Spencer retail
chain using articulated
lorries with refrigeration
units. Following a review
of their distribution system
with their lead cont ractor,
BOC, the com pany
examined ways of reducing
vehicular emissions and
noise pollution. This
culminated in the
development of a new fleet
of natural-gas-powered
vehicles equipped with
quiet, non-polluting cryo-
eutect ic refrigeration units.
Compared with the original
diesel-engined vehicles,
emissio ns from the
natural-gas vehicles
produce 89 per cent fewer
particulates, 69 per cent
fewer nitrous oxides and
approximately 10 to 20 per
cent less carbon dioxide.
Marksal. Spencerin 313
/ partnershipwith Varity
Perkins, ERF, Grayand
Adamsand BOC
Distribution Services,
with supportfrom the
EnergySavings Trust,
UK
Joint venturewith BOC, 313
0 UK
Various
11
• Significant reduction in 328,
~ vehicle emissions and 329
noise
 Land

Pas senger inform ation

system
Saving up to 60 per cent
of the energyconsu mption
of other pulse technology
displays, this modular
aluminium-framed
passenger information

Inteiform Design, 30 7
/ Germany
LUMINOLicht 320
0 Elektronik GmbH,
Germany
Ceramic-coated 295
11 system uses hundreds of
dispersion glass, Road trans port
aluminium, LEOs LED s controlled with a
containers
• Reduction in energy 328, patented system. With a
(} consumption 329 legible display and clean Many trailers of road
• Modulardesign with lines, this system conveys haulage vehicles work at
easeofmaintenance information with maximum undercapacity since their
iFEcologyDesign 332 efficiency and minimum 'flatbed' design means
4 Award, 2000
fuss. It is also easily many types of cargo cannot
maintained by one person. easily be accom modated.
For example, how do you
transp ort a mixed load
com prising gases, fluids,
Part ner Elect ric
'flowable' powers and
Companies and local from emissions . And true 3 cubic metres (106cu £I) solids? A conceptual
authorities that regularly zero emissions can be capacity and provides a solution is to store non-
deliver or work in their own achieved if a renewable range of up to 64km (40 solids in strong bags that
localities would do well to so urce of electricity is miles) on an overnight can be collapsed upon
examine the potential role purchased. The Peugeot charge. Twenty-seven 6V emptying. Potent ially this
of electric vehicles in their Partner Electric, which nickel cadmium batteries cou ld keep every vehicle
fleet. Not onlycan electric developed out of the power the 28kW direct operating nearer its gross
vehicles deliver high fuel- Peugeot 106 Electric, is current motor, which carryi ng capacity and
equivalent effic iency and typical of the light electric permits a top speed of improve t ransport energy
low expenditu re but there is vans available. It offers a g6kmJh (60mp h). Already efficiency.
no local pollution generated payload of 500 kg (1,1001b), these vans form part of the
fleet of postal and courier
companies, including the University ofTechnology, 3"
Royal Mail in the UK. / Delft, Netherlands
Conceptual prototype
Peugeot, France 322
0
/
0
Peugeot, France 322
•
(}
Various

• MultiJimctionoluseof
341

329

• Various distribution road

341
vehicles
• Reduced emissions (if 329 • Reducedfossilf uel
(} electricity sourcedfrom consumption
non-renewables}
• Zeroemissions (if
electricitysourcedfrom
renewables)
• Noisereduction
 Land

Solar electric vehicle

An arra y of PV cells on the
roof of the bus provides
between one-third an d one-
fifth of the power, red ucing
fuel co ns umption of t he
conve ntional intern al
Fosterand Partners, UK 306
comb ustion en gine. This
desi gn dem onstrates the
/
Prototype, '99 2-94
ability of solar power to 0
reduce the output of
combust ion gases and so
help red uce pollut ion,
espe cially in congested
•
(}
Various, including
photovoltoicpanels
• Solarpowerand
reduction inuseoffossil
fuels
34 1

329

urba n area s.

Sol o
Optare, UK 32 1
Solo takes mid i-bus And in the absence of any /
des ign to new lows - th at steps, buses can pick up Optare, UK 32 1
is, it provides a low-level and drop off pas sengers 0
platfo rm to e nable
wheelcha ir user s to mou nt
from pavement to bus
by an exte ndable a uto matic
more qu ickly, enabling
th em to keep accurately to
their specified timetables
and redu ce em iss io ns
•
(}
Various

• Equalaccessforall
potential users to
publictransport
34

328
'

ram p. A low ce ntre while idling. • Improved efficiencyof

of gravity also produces passenger
less roll and a more loading/unloading
comfortable ride for all.
Air
Centurion
Following an evolutionary
trajectory sta rted by
NASA's early1990S
Pathfinder, the Centurion is
currently the world's largest
unmanned ultra-light wing
capable of sustaining
high-altitude flights. With
an incredible wingspan
of 6l.8 m (203ft) and a
wing area of lS3sq metres
(l,647sq ft) almost entirely
covered in photovoltaic
panels, the S29kg (l,1641b)
vehicle can carry a payload
of up to 272kg (S981b) to
240380 metres (Bo.oooft).
Fourteen l.SkW electric
motors are powered by the
photovoltaics for up to
fourteen or fifteen hours in
daylight plus two to three
hours in darkness using
on-board lithium batteries.
The objective of the ERAST
programme is to extend the
performance of the craft to
enable continuous flying
even in extended periods
of darkness. Capable of
all sorts of monitor ing
activities from high
altitude, the Centurion
could provide intelligence .,
•
for a varietyof needs,
including military,
meteorological and
biological, suc h as
monito ring the health of
growing crops and forests.
NASA's ERAST
programme,
AeroVironment, lnc.,
and Dryden Research
Center, USA
Prototype, 1999
Carbonjibre and
graphite epaxy resins,
Kevlar, hotovohoics
• Solar-poweredair
transponerjorsciemijic
andmultifunctional
missions
FanWing
High speed, noise and
huge fuel bills are the
hallmarks of today's fixed-
wing aircraft. The FanWing,
currently tested as a
workingmodel prototype,
is an aircraftwith near-
vertical take-offcapab ilities
that serves as a quiet, slow
but fuel-effi cient, load-
Moreover, it is simple and
inexpensive to construct
and therefore offers an
econom ical air-transport
system for everything
from disaster relief
work to fire-fighting and
reconnaissance or traffic
monitoring. Preliminary
specifications for a three-

carrying transporter. In an
intriguing innovation, the
designers have introduced
a large rotor along the
entire leading edge of the
wing. The engine directly
powers the rotor, which is
capable of producing both
liftand thrust as the cross-
passenger version show it
weighing in at just 350kg
(77olb)empty and having a
top speed of 60 kmjh
(37mph), a wingspan of 10
metres (33ft) and a flying
time of ten hou rs.
Helios
The Helios is an enlarged
version of the Centurion
'flying wing'. It has a
wingspan of]5 metres
(247feet), which is two
and a half times that of
the Pathfinder flying wing
and longer than that
of a Boeing 747 jet.
AeroVironment's ambit ion
is to enable Helios to flyat
30,500 metres (lOO,OOOft)
continuously for twenty·
four hours and at 15,259
metres (50,000ft) for four
days, all under solar power.
This aircraft is known as an
uninhabited aerial vehicle
(UAV) and is suitable for
reconnaissance with a
multiplicityof applications
for recording the weather,
changes in vegetation
cover and military
operat ions.
NASA, Dryden Research 304,
/ Center, USA,with 30 6
AeroVironment,
lnc., USA
NASA Dryden Flight 304,
0 Research Center, USA, 30 6
withAeroVironmen.t,
lnc., USA
•
~
Photavaltaicmodules,
lightweight metals and
composites
• Zero emissions
• Renewable energy
34'

329
FanWing,UK/Italy 316
flow fan pulls air in at the / remote sensi ng and
front and accelerates it over Modelprototype
the trailin g edge of the 0
wing. Wind-tunnel testing
reveals 15kg (33 Ib) of lift per
horsepower, equivalent to a
payload capacity of 1 to 1.5
•
~
Variou s

• Improvedfu el
efficiency
• Simple,low-cost
34 1

328 ,
329

tonnes for a 100- construction

horsepower power unit.
Air
BabyStingray
Microlights and hang
gliders are a familiar sight
but the Baby Stingray
makes a step change
for small, lightweight,
aeroplane travel. A single
inflatable wing, spanning
13m (42ft lin), provides an
aerodynamic, muscle-like
structure whose shape
can be altered by inflating
or deflating internal
/ Corporate Design,
0 Germany
.-
•
(}
compartments within the
wing to provide directional
control. A larger version is
current lybeing tested for
potentia l passenger use.
It is a hybrid design, a post-
modern airship, which
uses helium gas to provide
extra lift to the 'wing' and
has potentially high fuel
efficiency.
AxelThallemer, Festa 316
Germany
Prototype, Festa, 316
Various 34
• Energyefficiency
'
329
• Reductioninair
pollution
Trent 700
Rolls Royce, General more efficient and easier
Electric and Pratt and to maintain and upgrade.
Whitney dominate engine Aeroplanes with Trent
manufacturing for engines, such as the Airbus
aeroplanes. Rolls Royce A330, can carry more
have taken the lead in passengers for the sa me
producing a fuel-efficient, fuel consu mption.
lightweight and low-cost jet
e ····
engine. Weight reduction
was achieved with titanium
fan blades comprising three . II
sheets in close proximity,
.. •[ ) I
which were subjected , . •'
" ' ..-.-. ' .. r:•" ,'I
': '~
~ '~
to heat, causing flowof
material and bridging
between the layers to form
. • .\.... -:-. "'>-' :
a honeycomb structure.
~..
Other innovations include .
~::.-
, I
:
'growing' metal by
cont rolled cooling of the
molten alloyin the mould Rolls Royce, UK 323
to align all the molecules in /
one direction, forming an
extre melystrong single e Rolls Royce, UK 323
crystal. The turbine blades
are made of this metal,
which can operate at almost
twice the melting point of
•
o
Various
• Reductionoffossilfuel 328 ,
consumption
• Reduction ofair
329
34'
normal crystalline metal. pollution
At hree-shaft design is also -'
 Water

Solarshuttle 66
(Helio)and RA82
KopfAG are pioneers and is in service in negligible environmenta l urban areas served by
in developing solar- Ham burg and Hannover. impacts could popu larize waterways and in
powered ferries for Low operating costs and this transpo rt mode in ecologically sensitive areas.
inland waterways, The
Solarshuttle 66, otherwise
known as the Helio, is a
scaled-up version of a
ferry, which has operated
betweenGaienhofen,
Germany, and Stoeckborn,
Switzerland, since 1998.
With a maximum speed of
24kmjh (lsmph), the Helio
can operate for up to eight
hours from the bank of 24
batteries without needing
a recharge from the
photovoltaic panels, The
even larger RA82 has a
capacityof 120 passengers
~

~ DrHerbert Stark, Kapj

AG, Germany
310
c-

0 KopjAG,Germany 319

Stainlesssteel,teakwood, 340

'-Q photovoltaics, batteries

• Zeroemissions
'--- • Solarpower
329
Water

RA
RA is a zero-emissions, Burmese teak and stainless An added benefit of the Kopj AG, Germany
solar-powered boat, which steel, it contains raw solar generation and
is ideal for freshwater materials that are extremely electric motor system is Kopj AG, Germany
transport where the durable, low-maintenance its quietness of operation,
pollution of conventional
diesel or petrol motor
boats is damaging to water
quality. Built to a high
and 100 per cent
recyclable. Greenpeace,
the international NGO,
assisted in obtaining the
making it a more fitting
companion for aquatic
wildlife.
• Stainless steel, teakwood,
photovolta;es, batteries
• Solarpower
• Durabilit y
• Zero emissions
specification using construction materials.
 Furniture

Treetr unk bench

Droog Design was
comm issioned by the
Kulturstiftung Dessau
Wurlitz to create products
for the seventeenth -century
castle of Oranienbaum and
its environs, in a dep ressed
part of former East
Germany. Bey brings a
surrealist moment to
woodland walkers with
his witty bench fashioned
from local cut timber and
cast-bronze chair backs.

JurgenBey, Droog 304,

/ Design, Netherlands 30 6

e One.off, smallbatch
production, Droog
30 6,
315
Design/ DMD,
Netherlands

•
~
Wood,bronze

• Renewable, loco!
materials
• Low-energyfabrication
339

327,
328

De Euroba nk
Baccarne produce a range
of outdoor/ public seat ing
excl usively from recycled
plastics, a mix of
polypropylene, polyvi nyl
chloride and polyethylene
obtained from post-
production waste streams
such as window-frame
manufact uring. Planks and
sheeting provide basic yet
tough functional furniture.

.,
/
Baccame Design,
Belgium
304

Baccame bvba, Belgium 313

•
~
Recycled polypropylene,
polyvinylchloride and
polyethylene
• Recycled materials
295

327
Furniture

Navigato r series
Ecologic produce a diverse
ra nge of indoor a nd
ou tdoor furn iture us ing a
variety of recycled plastics
or plastic co m pos ites .
The Naviga tor picn ic
ta ble ser ies includes a n
bed room and living-roo m
furn iture mixes solid
woo d an d Environ?' , a
bioco mp osit e of recycled
pa pe r an d soy flour.

.,
extra-long slatted to p of Ecologic, USA 315
ECOlum ber, which pe rm its /
wheelchair access adjacent Ecologic, USA 315
to th e conventional fixed
be nches. Solid recycled
plastic fo rm s th e resilie nt
base for th e to p an d
ben che s. ECO+Plus indoor
•
~
Recycledplastic

• Recycledmaterials
295

32]

Sofanco
Ston e is a mo st durab le
natural mate ria l. Oscar
Tusq uets Blanca has
cap tured t he strength of
this ma teria l but rendered
it in a fluid, orga nic fo rm
to create a design of
great poten tial longevity,
a lbe it requiring moderat e
e ne rgy input dur ing
m anu factu ring.
Street furniture
Sm all and medi um-s ized
OscorTusquets Blanco 305 enterprises (SMEs) ten d
/ to be local e m ployers
e Escofet, Spain 316 an d make an im po rtan t
co ntr ibution to th e
•
~
Stainlesssteel,
reinforced cast stone
• Natura', inorganic
materials
295

328
furn itu re manufacturing
indu stry. Peo ple skilled in
craft a nd indu st rial sm all-
bat ch prod uction typifY
these co m pa nies .
Pendlewood is s uch a
co mpa ny o perat ing in th e
north-west of Engla nd .
All tim ber cons umed is
recycled , reclaimed or
from sustaina bly managed
forests and ten ds to
com e from loca l so urces.

.,
/
Pendiewood, UK

Pendlewood, UK
322

322

•~
Hardwoods

• Recycled, reclaimed or
surtainablesources of
timber
339

32]
 Furniture

Publicseating
Injection moulding is a
process usually associated
with single materials
but in this case a bespoke
biosynthetic composite
material was used,
comprising 60 per cent
ALERT ' Moistu reshield'
lOPE and cedar pulp, 40
per cent polypropylene and
wood flour. This design
demonstrates the potential
of mixingplant derivatives
with plastics but does raise
questions about recycling
and/or dispos al at the end
of the product's life.
Dani/ea81ejerand Saskia 305
Bostelmann, Mexico
o Prototype
SINEseat
Extruded plastic lumber
provides the catalyst for
this innovative public
seating, which can be
fabricated to bespoke
lengths and curvatures
depend ing on the client's
requirements . Two styles of
cast aluminium frame, one
with a backrest, permit
further customization.
Achieving similar results in
hardwood would prove
more costly. Utilizing the
recycled plastic also means
that expensive resources
are released for more

• LOPE, cedarpulp, 34' valued activities.

polypropylene, waod
flour VKa(C Partnership, UK 311
• Reductionin useof
synthetic materials
328 /
VK a(CPartnership, UK 311
0
Photovoltaic umbrella
Atilting mechan ism allows
•
~
Recycled plastics,
aluminium
295

• Recycled and recyclable 327

materials
the umbrella to be angled
to capture the maximum
amount of energyas well
as shading from sunlight
on the photovoltaic panels.
Batteries are housed in a
planter that doubles as
seating and conta ins
lighting for night-time
illumination.

Cinzia Abbateforthe 304

/ Italian EnergyAuthority
Prototype
0

•
~
Photovoltaics, batteries

• Solar-powered,
multifunctionalpublic
seatingand shading
340

329
Furniture
Epoch
Epoch is a du rable, tou gh
mat erial ma de of 100 per
cen t-recycled HDPE and
LDPE, offering s im ilar
pro perties to ti mb er,
me tal and co nc rete. EPP
ma nu factu re a wide range
of st reet furn itu re includin g
be nches, sea ting, picn ic
tables, plante rs, litter
bins, fencing, sig nage and
window boxes made wit h
Epoch, which ca n be saw n
Solar callbox
A cellular tra nsce iver
co nnects t his
co mmu nications point
to a ce llular-tele phone
networ k. The call box is
powered by a 12V batte ry
fed by a ph ot ovoltaic pan e l
mo unted o n top of th e
me ta l po le. It is suita ble
for re mot e locat ions and
for em ergen cy serv ices
o n hig hways .
Comarco Wireless 314
/ Technologies, USA
Camarco Wireless 314
0 Technologies,USA I(
•
~
Polyca rbanate,
phatovaltaics, steel,
battery
• Solarpower
34 0
32 9
ComPoint
Wa ll-mo un te d a nd o pe n
or cove red free-s tan ding
comm unicat ions un its,
and fixed just like woo d equi ppe d wit h te lephon e
but is im pervio us to most a nd inform at ion syste ms ,
cor ros ive su bstances. a re assem bled from basic
mo d ules according to th e
se rvices requ ired. All
.,
/
Environmental Polymers 316
Group, UK
Environmental Polymers 316
Group, UK
co m po ne nts are des igned
fo r dis ass embl y, repa ir
and /or recyclin g. Com Point
is s uita ble for indoor and
•
~
Epoch recycled plastic
• Recycled materials
293
327
o utdoo r use and offers a
wide range of cus tom izable
optio ns .
Landmark Designfor 30 8
/ Public, Switzerland,Jor
SwisscomAG
Landmark Designfor 30 8
0 Public, Switzerland
•
~
Various
• Modulardesign
• Designfordisassembly
328
34 1

Nimbus
Atou gh acrylic housing
conta ins a 12V/ l lSAh (amp
hour) sealed, maintena nce-
free battery and a
photovoltaic array of
mono-crystalline silicon
cells capable of generating
17.svolts/77 watts at an
incoming radiation of
1,OOOW/ sq m. An inverter,
charge controller and
automa tic dus k switch
and timer provide highly
efficient use of stored
power. Conventional low-
pressure sodium lamps,
low-energy fluorescent
lamps or halogen bulbs can
be fitted according to needs.
SolarSolutions (UK) ,
/ UK
SolarSolutions (UK) ,
0 UK
Lighting
Lumalux"
Designed for exterior
lighting, the Lumalux" is
the first high-pressure
sod ium lamp to eliminate
all mercury and lead
during construction to
provide significantly
cleaner production and
reduce dispersal of toxic
substances upon disposal.
Osram Sylvania estimate
324
this could save up to
324 iyokg (3301 b) of mercury
and 14 tonn es of lead

•
(}
Photovoltaic array,
stainless andgalvanized
steel, acrylic
• Solarpower
• Lowmaintenance
295

329
annually. The Lumalux"
Plus lamp readily meets
the Federal hazardous
waste regulations as it
contains go per cent
Metronomis
less mercurythan the
Anew range of street standard Lumalux" and
lightingby Philips is is constructe d with a lead-
specially designed for free welded base.
energy-saving lamps and
lowmaintenance. Modular
components are durable Osram Sylvania, 310,
and vandal-proof and
/ Germanyand USA 3 21
Osram Sylvania, 310,
permit different design 0 Germanyand USA 3 21

•
permutations according to Various 339
customers' preferences.
• Low mercurycontent 328 ,
(} • Cleaner production 329
Philips Design.
~ Netherlands
30 9

Philips Electronics.
0 Netherlands
322

•
0
Metal. glass, lamp

• Improved energy
efficiency
• Modulardesign
29 5

328,
329

• Designfordisassembly
 Lighting
----

Street Light F
Power generation using
solar cells offers an
opportunityto re-examine
the design parameter s for
familiar objects. In this
case the rectilinear shape
of the 3S-cell solar array
was the prime component
in configuring the
polycarbonate diffuser to
create the clean lines of
this new generation of
street lighting. Batteries
in the base of the upright
are capable of lighting the
18-watt fluorescent lamp
for seven days wit hout
a recharge.

...

Tucan
Designers, challenged to
use renewable energy
so urces to power street
lighting, have eloquently
of the banal visual
language of traditional
st reet lamp designs.

.,
met the challenge with Ecke: Design, Germany 306
this striking lamp by Ecke: /
Design. Tucan integrates UweBraunGmbH, 32 5
the capacity to generate Germany
electricity from the
sun with the need to
radiate light. Here is an
opportunity to rid ourselves
•
(}
Photovoltaicpanel, glass, 340
metal, batteries
• Renewable power
source
329

RoyFleetwood, UK 30 6
/
e YKK Architectural
Products, Inc.,Japan
326

•
(}
Aluminium
polycarbonate, solarcells
• Solarpower 329
Almere low-cost
housing. Netherland s
Standard 12m (40ft) stee l
shipping containers form
the basic structural
framework, enabling rapid
construction of low-cost
housing. Reuse of an
industrial comp onent for
distribution as a static
component in the built
environment is a large-
scale attempt to extend
the functionality of a
manufactured product.
Examination of the
embodied energy of
materials and the
energy consume d during
construction and running
costs will reveal whether
this is trulya useful
housing concept with
reduced environ mental
BRE, N ew
recycled sources . Thanks
impacts. Environme nt al O ffice
to a com bination of
Designed to use 30 per the the rmal mass of the
cent less energy than building, nat ural cooling
Henk Tilder, architect, current 'bes t practice' in and auto mated mon itoring
~ Netherlands
310
the UK, this building can syste ms, the building
Various accomm odate over a regulates its own climate.
0 hundred people. Cooling

•
~
Shippingcontainers

• Reuseofexisting
containers
34 0

328
is achieved by natura l
automatic ventilation at
night combined with
ground water pumped
~
Feilden CleggArchitects, 30 6
BuroHappa/d, and Max
Fordham a( Partners,
th rough the concrete floors UK
and ceilings, which has Variouscontractors
0

•
an efficiency of 1 kWh
Variou s 34 0
output for pumpin g to
an equivalent 12-1 6 kWh • Lowenergy 328
cooling energy input. ~ consumption
Timber and steel are the • Increasedusage of
primary materials for the materialsfrom recycled
structure and originate sources
predominantly from

Fred
Although the concept is
not new, Fred is a portable
building with some special
features . The basic room
wall provides excellent
natural light and thick
insulation in the walls and
roof minimizes energy
Hope H ouse
Hope House is a home,
office, energy generator
and leisure zone. Passive
solar des ign combined
with photovoltaic
generation is sufficient
to maintain an amb ient
internal climate and to
run a Citroen electric car
for up to 8,500km (50300
miles) per year, resulting
in a net saving of about
413 tonnes of carbon
dioxide per year. Mains
water usage is minimized
by using a rainwater
faucet for the toilets and
BillDunsterArchitecls.
laundry room. All
greywater is reused to
irrigate the garden after
it has been passed
through a sand filter. Thi
project is a blueprint for
a seventy-six-unit urban
village with sun terraces
planned for London by
the Peabody Trust, a
charitable organization
that has , since Victorian
times, been concerned
with raising the social
and environme ntal
standards of British
urban housi ng.

.,
unit is 3 x 3 x 3 metres (27 consumption. MarkLovell,and Oscar
cubic metres, 953 cubic ft) Faber, UK
but the floor area can be Various

.,
do ubled to 18 square KFNKaufmannProdukt 308
met res (1 94 square feet)
by taking advantage of
sliding wall/roof elements ,
/ GmbH, Germany
Zimmerei Michael
Kaufmann, Germany
30 8
• Various

o Integrated energy-

• Timber. metal, glass 295, efficient home,

which are electronically workspace and
cont rolled. Each unit is 339
• Resource-efficient 328, domestictransport
equipped with a kitchen, ~ mufti-usespace 329 system
toilet and shower and an o Lowembodied energy
• Waterconservation
area available for multi- of fabrication, system
purpose use, but the basic transportand Design Sense award,
utility services have to be construction 1999
connected . Afully glazed

Exhibit ion hall

Imagine a building of
3,600s q m (38,750sq ft)
floor capacity made mainly
of paper and cardboard.
Impossible? Not in the
hands of Shigeru Ban,
the Japanese architect
and designer with over
two decades' experience
to feature a 35m-span
(115ft) paper/pl ast ic textile
roof supp orted with a
latticework of tubu lar
cardboard. The building
is des igned to be
demounta ble and reused.

.,
of working with these Shigeru Ban,Japan 304
materials to produce /
furniture and hous ing for Variouscontractors
disaster relief projects.

o•
The building premiered at Paper, cardboard, 288-9
various
EXPO 2000 in Hanover,
o Renewable materials 327,
where it became the first o A reusable building 330
public building in the world
 Model Buildings

Hooke ParkTraining
Centre and
Westminster Lodge
Untreat ed rou ndwood , of
diameter 50 mm to 250 m m
(aboutl!5to l in) - the
thinnings from forestry
ma nage ment - forms the
bas ic co nst ruction material
for un ique orga nic form s
of arch itecture th at ta ke
advantage of the nat ural
properties of the timber.
The Hooke Park Tra inin g
Cent re is a large , free-sp an
space ho us ing workshops
for The Parnham Trust,
John Makepeaceand 307
whose college provide s
training in furn itu re de sign
/ ather'.i, HookeForest
(Construction) Ltd, UK
with emphas is on us ing Hooke Forest 307
indigenous timber. 0 (Construction) Ltd, UK

•
o
Roundwood timber

• Useof timberfrom
locaisourcesfor
construction
339

327

SU-SI
Man y peopl e as sociate
mo bile or t railer homes
with holiday parks an d
du bio us lifestyles. Not so
this custom izable twe nty-
first-ce nt ury modul ar hom e
system , which can be
erected o n s ite with in a
few hours and is easi ly
d is assembled an d reuse d
in ano the r locatio n. Th e
factory-pro duced modul es
meas ure 12.5 x 3.5 x 3
metres (41 x uft 6in x 9ft
roin}, each one interl ocking
with th e next to create
vers atile do mestic, office
o r exhibition s paces.

KFN Kauf mann Produkt 308

/ GmbH, Germany
Zimmerei Michael 308
0 Kaufmann, Germany

•
~
Timber, metal,
composites,glass
• Resource-efficient
reusable homes
• Lowembodied energy
295,
339
327,
328

offabrication,
transportand
construction
iFDesign Award, 2000 332
Q.
Model Buildings
The Seawater
Greenhouse
Powered by th e sun ,
co ld deep -sea wate r and
the wind , this house in
Ten er ife manufactures
fresh water and coo l air.
This e na bles horticultu ral
produce to be raised in
the integral greenho use.
To meet th e low-cost
brief evaporators we re
made from corr ugated
ca rdboar d. Over tim e
th ese are naturally
st re ngthe ned with
depos its of calcium
car bo nate from the sea
water. Co nde nsers are of
alumin ium and the main
frame of the building
is from steel , both
recyclable . Recyclable
polythene covers the steel
frame a nd helps
@
mod ulate th e gree nho use
clima te . Buildings are
large ly passive masses,
their productivity be ing
gene rate d by the activity
inside. By con trast ,
internal act ivity wouldn 't
ha ppen in th is house if
the bu ilding we re not
Solar Office, Duxford
International Business
Park
This office is de signed to louvr es, both syst ems
incorporate goosq m being con tro lled and
(g,660sq ft) of photovoltaic mo nitored by computer.
ce lls into the so uth-facing Pot enti al overa ll energy
glass facade inclined at savings of two -thirds are
60 degree s. This array is an ticipate d com pa red
ca pable of generating a with a conve nt iona l office
pea k o ut put of 73kW build ing.
eq uivalen t to 55,oo o kWh
per annum, meeting
between one- thir d a nd
o ne-qua rte r of the expecte d
ene rgy need s of the
., AkelerDevelopments
pic, UK
AkelerDevelopments
pic, UK
building . The solar-
powered system is
co m pleme nted by a
natu ral stack ventilation
• Variousincluding
photovoltaicarray,
monitoringsystems
• Energyconservation
andgeneration
system with sun -shading
wo rking properl y.
Architect ure rebo rn
as m an ufact uring ?
Char/ie Polan, Light 309
/ Works, UK
Variouscontractors
0
•
~
Various
• Freshwatergenerator
with renewablepower
• Lawembodiedenergy
34 1
327 ,
32 8 ,
329
and recyclable
materials
First prize, DesignSense 332
Q. award, '99 9

UNHCRs helter
In 1995the United Nations
HighCommission for
Refugees adopted Shigeru
Ban's design for temporary
shelters made from 110
waterproofed cardboard
tubes. His easy-to-
assemble structu res were
used in Rwanda and, with
modificationsto suit local
needs, in the aftermath of
the Kobe earthquake.
Shigeru Ban.j apan 304
/ encou raging quality
VitraAG, Switzerland 326
0 to very high standards
•
0
Cardbaard,
wate'Praofingagents
• Renewable materials
• Lowenergy of
manufacturing.
288-9
327,
328
transport andossembly
• Reusable buildings
Weob ley Schools
Sustainab le
Develop ment
Weobley Schools energy
managemen t system is
a test-bed to extend the
sustainable energy
initiatives of a local
aut horityin response to
Local Agenda 2 1. A holistic
approach led to a
wood-fuel boiler, using
locally harvested coppice
roundwood, which was
chosen on the grounds
that it was the most
sustaina ble system. The
coppice suppliers are
paid according to the
heat output of the wood
(suppl ied as chips)
rather than the quantity,
supplies. Insulation is
coupled with computerized
monito ring of the under-
floor heating and internal
environment of the Hereford",Worcester 307
building work in tandem / CountyCouncil,UK
with passive design Variouscontractors
featu res including solar 0
shadin g, daylighting and
natural ventilation. The
net effect is a veryenergy-
efficient public building
•
~
Biomassf uelfrom
coppice
• Energyconservation
• Energygeneration
usingbiomassfuels
339
328
using local resources .
Model Buildings
Airtecture
Weighing just 6 to nnes assist with internal climate
and easily packed on to a control.
road vehicle for transport,
Festo's portable building Festa, Germany
comprises a protected /
floor space of over 357sq m Festa, Germany
(3,81Osq ft). This is 0
achieved by supporting
an inflatable cross-beamed
roof on two rows of
inflatable, r -shaped
•
~
Various
• Reductionof resource
columns . Stiffness is
given to thin cavitywall
panels by tensioning them
with pneumatic muscles, • Reusable andportable
which contract to oppose
the effect of the wind. Air
is the main insulator to
Ecoverfactory,
Oost malle, Belgium
Project
Growth of Ecover's
business in the early '990S
required an expansion of
the existing factory near
Antwerp, Belgium. Using
an ecological grading
system, devised by the
University of Eindhoven,
building materials were
selected for their minimal
environmental impact.
Structural timber was
obtained from sustainably
316
316
consumption
compared with
339
32 7,
329
conllentiona//y
constructed buildings
ofequalsize
buildingwith
multifUnctionalsingle
space
managed forests and bricks
from a clay-based residue
from the coal industry
provided high-insulation
material. A huge multi-
ridged turf roof covers the
5.30osq m (57,o50sq ft)
building, providing
excellent insulation,
controlling storm-water
runoff and helping
integrate the factory into
the local landscape. In
line with the compa ny's
philosophy of balancing
commerce wit h social
and environmental
concerns , the factory
has been developed to
enhance conditions for the
workforce. Many roof-lights
create natural lighting and
there are solar-powered
showers for the workforce.
University of Eindhoven 311,
/ (Building Initiative 35
'
Environmental
Sklndards),
Netherlands, with
Ecover, Belgium
Variouscontractors
0
•
~
Various natural
materials, tuifraoJ,
bricksfrom clay-residue
• Tuifroafforenergy
conservationand
339
327 ,
329
storm-waterrunoff
control
• UseoflocoImaterials
from susklinable
sources wherepossible
• Naturallighting
BedZED Housin g
BedZEDis a pioneering
mixed-use and mixed-
tenure development of
housing, work space and
public areas, which is
being const ructed on
an old sewage works,
a 'brownfield' site, in
Beddington, Sutton,
south of London.
Thewhole scheme is
designed to meet exacting
environmental, social and
financia l requirements.
Arch itect Bill Dunster and
environmental consultants
BioRegional have, in
collaboration with the
client, the Peabody Trust,
adopted a holistic view
of the local needs of the
intended community,
including a green transport
system which was actually
builtinto the planning
permission and ratified by
the localauthority. BedZED
hopes to cut total fossil fuel
consumption to about
halfthat of a conventional
development by reducing
the need to travel between
living, work, health-care,
shopp ing and recreational
facilities. Reduced
transport impacts are also
encouraged by promoting
good networking with
existing train, bus and tram
services and by providing
decent bicyclestorage
facilities, attract ive
pedestrian links and on-site
charging points for electric
vehicles. There is a ten-year
target to produce enough
solar electricityon-site
to power forty electric
vehicles. Materials for the
eighty-two flats and houses
for sale and rent have
been selected from natural,
renewable or recycled
sources, mainlynear by.
Each dwelling is an
energy-efficient design
using passive solar gain
and a high insulation
specification, including
triple-glazed windows. A
central combined heat and
power-generation facility
will utilize on-site tree
waste to provide all the BillDunsterand 304
/
BiaRegional
develop ment's heat and
Various contractors
electricity requirements. 0
Further on-site generation
from photovoltaics will
make this the first large-
scale 'carbon neutral'
•
(}
Vorious, especially
locallvsourced
• Zero-energy
development
• 'Carbonneutral'
339
328
development in Europe.
Water conservation will be «int egratedtrampon
plan
encouraged by providing
• Sociallymixedhousing
up to 18 per cent of on-site R/BAaward, 'best 333
cons umption from stored ~ exampleofsustainable
rainwater and recycled construction', 2 0 0 0
water and by installing
water-effici ent appliances.
 Building Products

K-X Industries, USA 319

/
K-X Industries, USA 319
4)

•
~
Wastewood andfly ash, 339
Portland cement
• Partiallyrecycled and 327
renewablecontent

Faswall"
A post-and-beam
structural grid is created
by filling wall forms with
reinforced concrete. Wall
forms are manufactured
using K-X~ recycled wood
waste chips. The entire
wall structure, known
as Faswall'", comprises
up to 85 per cent K-X
Aggregate (from waste
wood) bound with or direct finishes.
Portland cement Standard blockmaking
(cont aining up to 15 per equipment permits local
cent fly ash content manufacturing of
by volume). Afinished Faswall" components.
Faswall shows good
R-values (thermal
insulation) of between
18 to 24 and it is an
excellent so und barrier
and substrate for drywall

Eco-shake"
Made of 100 per cent-
recycled materials,
reinforced vinyl and
cellulose fibre, ceo-shake"
shingles are available in
four colour shades
designed to mimic
weathered wooden shakes.
The shakes qualifyunder
strict fire-rating, wind
and rain resistance and
impact tests .

Re-NewWood, USA 323

/
Re-NewWood, USA 32 3
4)

•
~
Recycled wood, recycled
plastics
• Recycled materials
339

327

Criss Cro ss
Makinga weclome change
from the ubiquitous
rectangular paving block,
the Criss Cross paving
syste m comprises four
different forms that can be
interlocked in regular or
random patterns.
Glindower Ziegelei still
fires these blocks in a kiln
dating from 1870 . Natura l
variation in the clay
minerals yields a range of
colours and textures.
Eck«; Design, Germany
~ extruded aluminium rail,
GlindawerZiegelei
0 GmbH, Germany
•
Q
Clay minerals
• Abundant geosphere
materials
q. iFDesign Award , 20 0 0
Building Products
N
~
»
n
:::r
;:;:
(l)
~
<::
ii1
Ersgoldbacher Linea
These tiles are designed
to interlock with a minor
overlap to minimize
quant ity of mate rials per
square metre, reduce laying
time and provide greater
security in high winds.
Sinter tempering toughens
the tile, making it very
durable and suitable for
commercia l and dome stic
app lications. It is rainproof
at roof angles of up to
25 degrees.
Erlus Baustoffwerke AG, 316
/ Germany
LockClad terracotta Erlus Baustoffwerke AG, 316
rain screen 0 Germany
Sinter-tempered clay 295
Combining the aesthetics ;I
and du rabilityof fired • Abundant geosphere 327.
clay tiles with ease of Q material 328
installation, this rainwater • Reductionin resource
cladding on aluminium useand energyfor
rails is a cost-effective transport
iFEcologyDesign 332
method of protecting the q. Award,2000
exterior of a building from
the elements. Each clay tile
is locked in place on an
306
LockRai l, which meets all
37
' UKand Ireland wind
295
327
loadings. This minimal-
maintenance , lightweight
cladding permits extra
insulation materials to be /
Red Bonk Manufacturing
Company, UK
323
332
applied to the outer skin Red BankManufacturing 323
of the building's structure, 0 Company, UK
improving energy Clay, aluminium 295
conservation. Natural
;I
• Durable, recyclable 329
ventilation behind the Q materials
clay tiles and protection • Improvedenergy
from the sun reduce conservationfor
temperature variations in buildings
the load-bearing st ructure.
Building Products
Majestic Slate
Guaranteed to last a
minimum of fifty years,
these lightweight slates,
weighing just over o.gkg
(about l ib) each, are made
of 100 per cent-recycled
rubber with added plastics
to improve durability.
These slates can be easily
cut with a knife and are
installed by nailing in the
traditiona l man ner and,
being flexible, are not
susceptible to dam age.
SunPipe
Natural daylight provides a
more relaxing spectrum of
light for human vision than
artificial light so urces but,
more importantly, reduces
energyconsumption in
work spaces. Sun Pipe is
a system of conveying
natural sunlight from
rooftops into buildings.
Eight different vers ions are
available in the SunPipe
range but the components
are sim ilar - a trans parent
dome of UV-protected
polycarbonate is held on
the roof by an ABS/ acryl ic
universal flashing. Below
A zoomm-diarneter (8in)
version is being developed
for domestic spaces.
Averticallyorientate d
SunPipe of 330mm can
deliver 890 Lux in full
su mmer sun and 430
Lux in overcast conditions
in the temperate British
climate, which is suffi cient
to provide natural daylight
to an area of approximately
' 4sq m (lSOSq ft). Doubling
the diameter of the pipe
roughly dou bles the Lux
delivered.

.,
the dome is a tube made of TerryPayne. 320
Reflectalite 600. silverized / Monodraught Ltd. UK
fcostar,USA 315 coated aluminium Monodrought Ltd. UK 320
/ sheeting with 96 per cent
e
•
fcostar, USA

Recycled rubber,
polymers
• Recycled materials
315

283,
295
327
reflectance. Four standa rd-
diameter tubes, 330mm
up to 600 mm (1 3-24in)•
and a range of elbow joints
•
~
ABS/acrylic.
po/ycarbonate.
aluminium
• Reduction inenergy
consumptionfor
341

329

~ permit light to be directed lighting

into the required space (s).

Authentic Roof"
Moulded to mimic natural
weathered slates, Authentic
Roof " tiles are made of
100 per cent-recycled
rubber with polymers
added to prolong the
lifespan. Installation is
similar to conventional
materials.

Crowe Building 314

/ Products. USA
CroweBuilding 34
0 Products. USA '

•
~
Recycled rubber,
polymers
• Recycled materials
283•
295
327

construcel
For millennia bricks for the
construction of buildings
h ve been des igned around
v: riations on a basic solid
or hollowrectangular form.
While it is possible to apply
rectangular bricks to some
spectacular architectural
structures, vaulted ceilings
being a classic example,
the overriding tende ncy is
to construct rectilinear
structures. Marinho's
triangular prism of
polycarbonate, Construcel,
offers an opportun ityto
reconsider the humble role
of bricks in buildings. Each
Construcel is an open-
sided triangular box,which
can be bolted to the next
one and so on to create
a variety of built forms.
Rectilinear structures are
easilyconstructed but this
plastic brick is especially
suited to large curved
spans, such as those
required for open-span
buildings for sport,
exhibitions and similar
uses, as it does not require
anysupport ing stee lwork
or concrete. It is quick to
assem ble and disassemble eas ily incorpor ated in the
structures, so each extern al face of the 'brick'.
Construcel is readily Although further work
reusable and offers is required to develop
possibilities for temporary this innovation it appears
buildings for disaste r relief to offer considerable
work. Photovoltaics are potential.
Reginaldo Marinho, 30 8
/ Brazil
Prototype
0 such as black walnut,
•
,~
Polycarbonate
• Reusable bricks
295
327,
• Reduction of materiols 328
requiredforsupporting
structures
/
0 projectcoordinated by
•
~
Building Products
Venetian blinds
Imagine an entire room
com posed of windows
where the incoming flow
and mood of light can be
controlled using woode n
Venetian blinds. Matteo
Thun has created a 'Quiet
Room' in which the wall
and ceiling panels are
fully adjusta ble, man ually
or automatically, using
elliptical cross -section
slats with a light and dark
side. Li ght-coloured
wood, such as basswood,
is bond ed to dark wood,
negating the need to
introduc e coloured
surface finishes but
relying on the natural
reflectivity, absorption
and colour range of the
raw materials.
Matteo Thun, Italy 310
Prototypefor Hi-wood 315
the DomusAcademy
ResearchCentre, Italy,
and the American
Hardwoods Export
Council, USA
Hardwoods
• Renewablematerials
339
327 ,
• Solarlightand warmth 32 9
control
Building Products
Parallam" ,
Tirnberstrand",
Microllam"
TJM produce a range of
patented engineered
timbers made by d rying
short or long veneer
'st rands' or sheets,
bond ing them with
adhesives or resins and
subject ing them to high
pressu re and/or heat.
TJM produce three
'tim bers' , Parallam "
PSL, Timberstrand" LSL,
Microllam" LV L and
a specia l compos ite
st ructu ral tim be r floor joist,
t he Silent Floo r" Joist. TJM
claim im proved stre ngt h
and avoida nce of defects
s uc h as crac king and
wa rping for all th e ir
tim be rs. Furth er, than ks to
th e raw veneer ing redie nts,
t hey ca n use virtua lly th e
whole diameter of a sawn
log and/or small -diameter
second-growth trees . This
results in a con sider able
saving on raw materials to
prod uce the same amo unt
of str uctural timber with
saw n wood. For example,
the Silent Floor" Joist
system uses o ne tree to
every two to three trees for
a conventional sawn-wood
joist/flooring system.
Microllam " LVL uses 30
per cent more of the timber
from each tree an d, being
stro nger th a n so lid tim ber ,
prov ides almost double the
st ruct ural value per un it
.,
volume of raw material TrusJoist MacMillan 325
tha n saw n wood . However, / (1]M), USA
quite a lot of e nergy is TrusJoist MacMillan 325
nee de d to ma ke th e se 171M), USA
co mpos ite tim bers, so
det ailed exam inat ion of th e
embod ied energy ofTJM
versu s tra dit iona l sawn
• Americansoft woodsand
hardwoads, waterproof
adhesives,polyurethane
resin
• Efficient use ofraw
281 ,
339
32 ]
timber s hould be made on ~ materials
a case-by-case basis.
Ecoplanjecomen t
Freudenberg manufacture procedures, minimal
a diverse range of rubber packaging and a zero-
flooring under the 'nora' emissions environment
range but 'ecoplan' and for the workforce.
'ecoment' are the onlytwo
made with up to 75 per
cent factory and post- Freudenberg,UK 317
installation waste. Granite /
and marbled-effect Freudenberg, UK 3'7
patterns are available. All 0
products are free of PVC,
plasticizers,formaldehyde,
asbestos, cadmium and
CFCs and production
•
~
Rubber,recycledrubber

materials
• Cleanproduction
28 3

• Recycled and recyclable 32 7,

328

facilitiesfollowstringent process
waste-management

Modena
This velour carpeting range
is available in seventy-five
different colours, yet is
made with a clean
technology product ion in
which all raw mater ials
must be free of harmful
substa nces and wastage
is 80 per cent less than in
previous techno logies.
Texback" forms an allergy-
free backing fabric while
the ecofix'" Velcro enables
carpets to be fitted without
using adhesives.

.,
/
Designteam, Harneln,
Germany
Vorwerk11( Co.,
Teppichwerke GmbH 11(
Co. KG, Germany
30 6

32 6

•
~
Velour, texback"', ecofix" 2g 0 -1,

• Clean production
30 0 -1
327 ,
processincluding waste 328
reduction
• Fitting without
adhesives,Jacilitating
reuse
 Flooring
Earth Square"
Milliken & Co. operate a
closed-loop production
system for their Earth
Square' carpet tiles. Tiles
are replaced with new tiles
or reconditioned as they
become worn and the old
materials are reintroduced
into the recyclate:virgin
fibre mixture used for the
next generation of tiles.
The Earth Square received
the first Evergreen Award
from the US Gene ral
Services Administration, a
government procurement
agency.
Dalsouple
Dalsouple manufactu re
standa rd and bespoke
rubber flooring tiles in a
huge varietyof colours and
surface text ures which are
100 per cent recyclable.
All Dalsouple rubber
is free from PVC, CFCs,
formaldehyde and
plasticizers. Production
waste is virtuallyall
recycled within the
manufacturing plant and
emiss ions meet local
statutory requirements .
Service partners to
Dalsouple include Uzin
Adhesives, who offer water-
based and solvent-free
adhes ives including
polyurethane and epoxy
resins.

.,
/
Milliken dl. Co., Carpet
Division, USA
Milliken dl. Co.,Carpet
Division, USA
320

320

•
~
Various naturaland
syntheticmaterials
• Cleanproduction
• Recycled content
• Closed-loopproduction
339

32],
328
/
e
Dalsouple Direct, UK

Dalsouple Direct, UK
314

314

•
~
Syntheticand natural
rubbers
• Recyclable
• Clean, chlorine-free
productionprocess
283

32],
328

Evergreen
Interface were the first
compan y worldwide to
introduce a system of
officecarpeting in which,

.,
as manufacturers , they Interface, USA 318
retained ownership of the /
product. When the product Interface, USA 318
is worn or needs repairing,
the com pany takes it back
for repair and cleaning or
for reshredding to use in
manufacturing new carpet
•
~
Various

• Reuse, recycling
• Leasedproducttake-
back
339

32] ,
330

tiles.

Marmol eum®
Real/Fresco
True linoleum is a
heavy.duty, durable, ~on·
allergenic floor covering
containing at least 30 per
cent linseed oil from flax
Forbo-Nairn is the largest
linoleum manufacturer in
Europe, supplying up to
25 million sq m (269
million sq ft) per annum .
Marrnoleurn" Iinoleums
Made ra"
Matrix Composites spent
fiveyears developing
l.ignasil'", the composite
'bio-alloy' from which
Madera" solid flooring tiles
are made, Lignasil" is a
high-density thermal
insulator, made from
Flooring
refined natural hardwood
fibres, which are sintered in
a patented manufacturing
process . This material is
easy to work but is tough ,
Class 1 Fire Rated, durable
and easy to maintain. And
it is comp letely recyclable.

or similar renewable oils
from plants. Linoleums are
predominantly constitute d
from natural raw materials
such as linseed oil, rosin,
wood flour and chalk,
which are bonded under
heat and pressure to a
.,
have much lower MatrixComposites, lnc., 32 0
emissions and lower / USA
acidification output than MatrixComposites, Inc., 32 0
PVC floorings or carpeting. USA
The Marrnoleum" Real
is available in thirty-
six colourways and
Marmoleum"' Fresco in
•
(}
Lignas ;~

• Renewable materials
• Recyclable
2]9

32]

backing of jute (or twelve marbled colourways.

occasionally polyester).

Forbo-Nalm Ltd,UK 316

/
e Forbo-NairnLtd,UK 316

•
(}
Linseed oil,pineresins,
woodflour,cork,
minera/fillers,jute
• Renewable materials
andabundantnon-
339

32 ] ,
32 9
renewables
• Reduction in emissions
andtoxins
• Non-toxic

Papertex
A cotton-like yarn is
produced from wood fibre
forming the warp in the
woven Papertex carpet.
This tightly bound weave is
hard-wearing and easy to
clean and sits well with the
modern Scandinavian
aesthetic.

RitvaPuotila, Finland 309

/
e Woodnotes Oy, Finland 326

•
(}
Wood (cellu/ose) fibre

• Renewableand
recyclable materials
339

32]
Flooring
PapierTeppich 200 0
This shiny black carpet is
a sophisticated blend of
natural materials creating
a dense , durable wearing
surface that is comfortable
to bare or shod feet. Acid-
free paper is reinforced
with industrial hemp fibres
and given a protective
lustre finish with natural
waxes. The philosophy
of simple, natu ral design
is extended to the
sample boxes, which use
overprinted recycled
brown cardboard.
Hugo Zumbuhland
/ PeterBirifelder,
Teppich-an-Team,
Switzerland
Anstolten Thorberg,
0 Switzerland
•
~
Paper, hemp, natural
wax
• Renewable, durable
materials
Reykjavik
This domesti c and office
carpeting solution from
Interface, the third largest
carpet manufacturer in the
world, uses a com bination
of renewable natural fibres
mixed with a recycled
synthetic component.
Interface, lnc., USA 318
/
Interface, inc., USAf 318
0 Interface Europe-Asia
Pacific, UK
•
~
Various
• Recycled and
renewable components
339
327
PLYBOO®
The basic component of all
this company's products is
strips of bamboo measur ing
0.5 x 1.9 x 183cm (3/1 6 x 3/4
x 72in), which are extremely
Smith II{ Fong 324
durab le. These strips can be # Company, USA
bent, woven and laminated Smith II{ Fong 324
as required for flooring, 0 Company, USA
inte rior decoration/fittings
•
Bamboo, adhesives 281,
and furniture. Four-, two- 287,
and one-plylaminates are 29 9
available. • Renewable material 327
~
3' 0
3' 2
288 ' 9
327
 Flooring
Colo rett e, Lino rett e,
Linodur, Marmorett e,
Un iWalton
This diverse range of
linoleum products is
fabricated from natural
ingredients, such as
linseed oil, with minerals
including chalk bonded
with heat and pressure to
a jute or hemp backing.

Armstrong World 312

/ Industries, inc., USA

e Armstrong World
Industries, inc., USA
3' 2

•
Linseed oil,j/ax, pine 339
resins, woodflour, cork,
mineral fillers
• Renewable materials 327
(} •Abundant geosphere Stratica
materials
Stratica is a laminated
flooring product
comprising a verytough,
durable wear layer of
chlorine-free, ionomer
coating, DuPont Surlyn" ,
a printed layer, a backing
layer to the print and a
final bottom layer. Surlyn"
is the finishing material on
golf balls. Stratica is
naturally flexible but
doesn't use plasticizers
and is free of Volatile
Organic Compounds
(VOCs). Over forty-five
over twenty solid colours.
Abrasion resistance is
very high and maintenance
costs are low. With
certification to ISO ' 4001,
recycling pre-consumer
waste, preventing pollution
and saving energy in
production are high
priorities.
The Amtico Company, 312
/ UK
The AmticoCompony, 312
0 UK

•
Silencio 6 Dupont Surlvn", 295
different 'natural' surfaces
mineralfilled ethylene
This is a special 6mm-thick can be mimicked in the
copolymer
(about '/4in) fibreboard printing process, from • Cleonproduction 328
composed of 100 per cent- stone to marbles, granites, (}
waste softwood fibre, terrazzos and woods, plus
which provides good
attenuat ion against impact
sound and insulation as an
unde rlay for wooden and
laminate floating floors.

Hunton Fiber(UK), UK 318

/
Hunton Fiber(UK), UK 318
0
•
(}
Recycledsoftwoodfibre

• Waste reduction
• Recycled, recyclable
materials
339

327,
328
Flooring
Underwood
Three-millim etre (1{8in)
ve nee r is bond ed to a
the rm oplastic s hell, which
is m oulded to includ e
ducts for unde rfloor
serv ices a nd a met hod of
co nnecting eac h floo ring
' block' . This system is
more func tiona l th an
st an da rd hard wood or
parqu et flooring , is
ec ono m ical in its use
of ven eer and can be
mo d ified to s uit bespo ke
requir e ments. Use of a
thermoplastic recyclate
wo uld further boost t he
credentia ls of th is system .
MarcSadler
/ Smart Deck
Prototypefor Hi-wood
0 projectcoordinated by
the Domuskademy
Research Centre, Italy,
and the American
HardwoodsExport
Council,USA
•
Hardwood lIeneer,
thermoplastic
~
• Modularsystem
• Reduction inuseof
hardwoodmaterials
Super Duralay
Over 60,000 used ca r tyres
a re processed eac h week
at a new Duralay plant to
provide th e raw ma terial
for a ra nge of rubber
crum b und erlays suitable
for ca rpets and woode n
flooring . Super Dura lay is
rated for hea vy domest ic
use but oth er grades are
suita ble for co ntract usage.
Bacloc, a woven backing of
pap er an d synthetic th read ,
310
306
339
32],
328
gives extra stren gt h to the
und erlay. Oth er grades
use a m ixed bac king of jute
an d plastic.
Duralay, UK
/
Duralay, UK
0
•
~
Recycled tyres, latex,
Baclocorpolyjute
• Recycledmaterials
283
32] ,
• Conservationof landfill 330
space
This decking is a
composite material using
oak fibre an d recycled
polyethylene wit~ foam ing
com pounds an d additives.
Co ntai ning ove r go per SmartDeckSystems,
324
ce nt-recycled mate rials by / USA
we ight, it is very mo isture- SmartDeck Systems/ US 324,
res ista nt and durable. 0 Plastic Lumber, USA 325
•
Composite wood
It also weathers like 339
co nvent iona l woo d but
• Recycledmaterials 32]
without any associated
~
rotting.

Aquair lOO,
AquairU. W.
The Aquair 100 is a wate r
turbine that can be towed
behind a sailing vessel. The
Aquair U. W. is designed to
be stationary in a moving
bodyof water. At 6 knots
(3 metres or 10ft/ second)
the Aquair U.W. generates
6 amps at 12Vwhereas the
Aquair 100 generates 5
amps continuous charge.
Durable marine-grade
materials are used with
double '0' seals and
hydraulic fluid in the
Energy Gener:ation
CUAD RO
Material inputs are
significantly reduced in
this aesthetically improved
design, which combines
the dua l function of roofing
component and solar
collector. Traditionally
solar collectors have been
placed over existing roofing
surfaces. The main casing
is press-moulded using
Cigelit", which is a fully
recycla ble material.
.,
/
AstraPower, USA
AstroPower, USA
312
312
•
Recycled silicon, 295
aluminium
alternator body to provide • Solar-power generator 327,
(} • Recycled materials 329
maintenance-free turbines.
An Aquair U.W. in a fast-
running strea m can
generate up to 2.4kW per
Rut land 913
day.
Windcharger
.,
/
AmpairLtd, UK
AmpairLtd, UK
,
3' 2
3' 2
Weighing just 13kg (28Ib),
this wind generator has a
twenty-year pedigree and
•
has been well proven in a
Marine.grade metals 295
wide varietyof climates by
and plastics
• Water-drivenpower yachtsmen and scientific
329,
(} generators 33°
researchers and for military
and telecommunications
operations . Continuous
electrical generation starts
at wind speeds of 5 knots
(5.75 mph). Durable
ma rine-grade materials are
com bined with quality
engineering, units being
manufactured to ISO gOO1 .
.,
/
Marlec Engineering
Company, UK
MarlecEngineering
Company, UK
32°
32°
•
(}
Stainlesssteel]
aluminium, glass-
reinforced polymer
• Renewable windpower
295
329
Energy Generation

Farm 2000 'HT' boile rs

AstroPower
Single crystal solar cells are
man ufactured using silicon
wafers obtained from
recycled sources in the
semiconductor industry.
Such low-embodied-energy
cells are very efficient
energyconverters and are
mounted in aluminium
frames, which fit industry-
standard devices for
tracking the moveme nt of
the sun.
A range of high
temperature (HT) boilers
has been designed to
accommodate typical
biomass fuels availableon
the farm, such as circular
or l-tonne rectangular
straw bales, as well as
woodchips, cardboar d and
other combustible wastes.
Heat outputs varyfrom
20kW to 300kW depending
on the boiler and the
equivalent electricitycosts
per kwh are between 25
and 33 per cent of those of
kerosene oil or natural gas.
An upper refractoryarch
encourages com plete
burning of gases, improves
the overall efficiency and
minimizes atmos pheric

.,
/
AstroPower, USA

AstroPower, USA
312

312
emissions. Annual or short-
rotation crops for biomass
fuels absorb carbon dioxide
that is released on burning,

•
(}
Recycled silicon,
aluminium
• Solar-powergenerator
• Recycled moterials
29 5

327,
32 9
so this cycle is neutral and
makes no net cont ribution
to the greenhouse effect.

Furlmatic 1803
This three-phase alternator protection device, which
.,
/
Teisen Products,UK

Teisen Products, UK
324

324

generates 340W at
wind speeds of lOm/s
(35km/h or 22mph) but is
capab le of generating
stalls the turbine, and a
12V or 24Vcontroller unit.
This twin-blade turbine,
diameter 1.87m (6ft),
•
(}
Steel

• A carbon-dioxide
neutralheatingsystem
• BiomassjUels
295

328 ,
329

electricityfrom wind is mounted on a obtainablelocally

speeds as low as 3 ra]«. It minimum 6.5m (21ft)
provides sufficient output tower. All components
for off-grid domestic are manufactured at an
lighting and any remote ISO gOOl -compliant
site requiring power for factory.
lighting, pump ing water or
low-voltage equipment. An
automa tic system produces
a furling point at 15
met res/secon d to protect
.,
/
Marlec Engineering
Company, UK
Marlec Engineering
Company, UK
320

320

the generator from damage

by excessive winds. Other
automatic features include
an overcharge battery
•
(}
Stainless
steel/aluminium, GRP
• Renewable windpower
295,
34
329'
Fils ol solar collector
Waterheating in buildings
intemperate climates can
be readilysupp lemented
byinstallation of a solar
collector. Sunlight enter s
the acrylic collector, which
transmits 89 per cent of
incident light, and heats a
'Stamax'absorbe r plate
madeofspeciallycoated
stainlesssteel.Colourless
oxides ofchromium,
nickel and iron provide an
absorptionof0.93ofthe
incident energy, transferring
it to an aqueous antifreeze
mixture running in chann els .," Filsol, UK

Filsol, UK
316

316

•
in the absorber plate.This Stainless steel, 295
hot aqueous mixture is aluminium, alloys,
pumped whenever its acrylic, po/y-
temperature is higher than isocvanurate foam
the water inthe hot-water • Reduction inenergy 329
tank,wherefurther heat ~ requirementfor
exchange ens ues. waterheating

feet) mons te r and the wing

Enercon E-66
Windm ills have entere d a
new era. Borrowing from
tips are bent to reduce
tu rbulence and noise
pollution. It willtake twenty
years to pay back the
investme nt of [ 2.5 million
each and start generating
'free' energy but with their
capacity to s upply1,200
hom es, and a commitmen t
by the European Union to
increase renewable energy
to 10 per cent of overall
power generation capacity
by 2010, more of these
generators are likely to dot
the landscape in future.

.,"
aerona utical engineering, Fo,' er<J{ Parlners, UK 306
designers have introduced
new features to the Prototype
Enercon E-66 wind-
powered generator. A
tape red mast permits
bette r load distribution on
the 100-metre-high (330
•
~
Various

• Windpowerrenewable 329
energygeneration
339
 Energy Generation

'"
0 GFX
0
s:
('I)
The he at within waste
....
()

VI
water from domestic
s howers, bat hs and sinks
Q' ca n be reclaimed to heat
~ the incoming cold-wate r Co m pute r-keyboa rd
Q s upply to the hot-wat er generator
~
::::l tank . GFX is an ins ulated
OQ
s piral co il of copper Laptop computers use d
tubing carrying the away from power sources
NSS (Non -Stop
cold supply, which is quic kly drain the power
Shoes)
in intimate contact from batteri es , but if an
Translating the with a falling-film heat electr ical current ca n be
expenditure of human exchange r through which generated during norm al
energy into power is the waste hot water keyboa rd use it is pos sib le
well understood in the to recharge the batt eries
co ntext of sp ort, but how as the computer is being
m uch energy expended fI used . Magnets attached to
in eve ryday activities ca n
II each key mo ve over a wire

iI
be harnessed to power coil s haft, generati ng the
appliances in ou r dai ly current. Th is pate nted
lives? Em ili Padr6s technology co uld e ithe r
suggests that eve n the I ma ke laptops much lighte r
process of wa lking co uld ! and/or extend the working
!
gen era te electr icity, i time away from a ma ins
wh ich could be utilized power source.
to powe r la m ps and
rad ios once we retu rn Adr;an Crisan, Compaq, 3'4
home. Developing the USA
mechan isms to generate
o Prototype, Compaq,
USA
314

•
a nd store ene rgy could
Plastics, wirecoils, 295
redefine th e s hoe of electronics, battery
the future. • Human power 329

Emili Padr6s, Barcelona, 309

/ Spain
Conceptual design
0

•
(}
Various, batteryenergy
storage
• Renewable (human)
energygenerator
339

329

trave ls by gravity. The WaterFilm Energy, USA 32 6

system is ca pable of
/
WaterFilm Energy, USA 32 6
savi ng up to 2kW of
0
•
power from ea ch s hower. Copper, insulation 295

• Energyconservation 329
(}

Logamax plu s GB1l2-1 9
(Linea)
This wall-mounted boiler
unit offers an output
capacityof between 9.6kW
and 19.1 kW. It uses an
effi cient ceramic burner to
provide more com plete
combustion of the gas fuel,
resultingin emission levels
well under those specified
in the German Bl ue Angel
eco-label scheme.
NSD (Non-Stop
Doors)
Any repetitive human
movement in our everyday
lives expends energy, so me
of which can be captured
and stored for later use.
In publicbUild ings the act
of opening and passing
through doors is repeated
hundreds oftimes each
day. This human energy
IS transferred to stored
energy, which lights up
the frame of the door.
Potentially this improves
the eco'efficiency of each
individual as some of the
Energy Generation
s::
'"
n
::r
::J
(l)
VI
Logano Gt za
This free-standing boiler
unit offers an output
capacity of between
9kW and 34kW, making
it suitab le for heating
single or multiple
dwellings. A key feature
is the efficient ceramic
burner, which provides Buderus Heizteehnik 3'3
more comp lete / GmbH, Germany
.,
/
Buderus Heizteehnik
GmbH, Germany
Buderus Heizteehnik
GmbH, Germany
3' 3
3'3
combustio n of the
natu ral or liquid gas
fuel, reducing em ission
levels of nitrous oxides
e
•
Buderus Heizteehnik
GmbH, Germany
Castiron, variousmetals
including aluminium-
3'3
295
• Steel, variousmetals
includingaluminium-
silicon alloy, ceramics
(burnerunit)
• Energyefficient
295
32 9
and carbon monoxide
below the levels set by
the German Blue Angel
eco-label scheme.
~
silicon alloy, ceramics
(burner unit)
• Energy efficient
• BlueAngeleco-labei
329
~ • BlueAngeleco-lobel
ene rgyacquired from
primary food reserves is
recycled. But the real
advantage of this concept
is that renewable energy
is generated without
requiring any behavioural
or cultural changes
.,
EmiliPadres, Barcelona, 309
/ Spain
Conceptual design
•
~
Various, batteryenergy
storage
• Renewable (human)
energygenerator
339
329
 Multibrid wind energy
converter
This wind tur bine is three years. This massive (164ft). is an innovative
desig ned to work offshore gene rator, with individual roto r with excellent
exposed to high-speed, blades spanning 50 metres aerodynamics.
salt-lade n winds, so all
com ponents are sea led to
prevent ingress of water.
Unique aspects of the
desig n include slow
rotationa l moveme nt
to ensu re that the unit
can be ope rated without
mainte nance for the first

Bartsch Design 304

"
0
IndustrialDesign Gbr,
Germany
aerodynEnergiesysteme
GmbH, Germany
3' 2

•
(}
Various

• Sourceofrenewable
energy
340

329

Paradigma epe Star

This solar collector is based
upon a modular design
allowingeasy sepa ration of
com ponents and materials
and facilitating almost 10 0
per cent recycli ng. Material
usage has been kept to
a minimum, giving a
lightweight structure with
a high efficie ncy in low
sunlight and at ambient
tem peratures below
freezing point.

BiirojUr 3°5

"
0
Produktgestaltung,
Germany
RitterEnergie· und
UmwelttechnikGmbH
KG, Germany
323

.- Aluminium, glass 295

•
(} • Designfordisassembly 328
and recycling
iFEcology Design 332
4 Award, 200 0
 POWER Cell
Over 16 per cent of incident
sunlight is converted into
electrical power with these
Sunway solar cells, a very
efficient ratio compared
with conventiona l solar
cells. Various versions of
the POWER cells are
manufactu red, including
those offering up to 30 per
cent transparency. The
transmitt ed light is white,
yet there is a range of
external colours for the
cells, using a process of
texturing that avoids the
use of chemicals. Now
solar cells can be integrated
into any aperture intended
to introduce light into a
building, such as windows
and roof lights, thereby
reducing overall
construction costs.

.,
/
Roland Burkhardt,
Sunways, Germany
Sunways, Germany
305

324

•
~
Siliconpolycrystaffine
wafers
• Dua/lunctionsolar-
powergeneratorand
window material
'95

3'8,
3'9
, ~

" ~ ,-',

.' ;J;1i~@tLlf~. "... ~/ ..~. .t

Solar Homes Systems

The archipelago of
Indonesia comprises
over 13,000 islands, so
nationwide distribution of
electricity by a conventional
overland 'grid' is not
feasible. Invented in 1988,
the Solar Homes Systems
conce pt is an inexpensive
solar generator, capable
of generating up to 250W
per day and suitable for
powering lighting,
radio and TV. Hessels
has designed lighting
as well as a TVtable-cum-
battery holder. Lampu Lita
are hanging lamps made
of plastic. System s can be
purchased under a month ly
payment scheme .
PaulHesse1s, unknown
PT Sudimar f nerg; 32 1
Surya, Indonesia
• Variousplastics,
photovolta;es
• Low-cost solarsystems
forremote households
and communities
295

329

specifically for the system

The Solar Shingle

SHR-17
Why install a photovoltaic
panel on top of an existing
roofing surface when the
job of keeping out the
weathe r and generating
Solar Moon portable
energycan be combined in
renewable energy unit
one product - the Solar
Shingle? These zrn-long The lid of this briefcase is a
(7ft).30cm-wide (tzln), photovoltaic panel capable
photovoltaic panels can of recharging AA batteries
be simply nailed on to the to ope rate the appliances
roofing substruct ure stored inside the case -
instead of roofing shingles, radio, torch and emergency
slates or tiles. Each panel light. Included in the kit is a
is subdivided into 12 x lOW high-effi ciency bulb
30cm (5x i z in) sections capable of providing light
that visuallymimic for up to ten hours.
trad itional roofing
materials. Generating 17W
MSKCorporation,
each at 6V, panels can be
Japan
wired together to produce MSKCorporation,
the required capacity. Japan
Photovoltaies, metal,

.,
/
Uni-Solar, USA

Uni-Solar,USA
325

325
batteries, circuit boards
• Solarpower

•
~
Photovoitaics, Teft el
glazing. stainless-steel
backing
• Solar-power
generation
295

328,
329
• Reduceduse of
constructionmaterials
Tedlar™lam inate
BPSolarex, the world's
largest manufacturer of
photovoltaic cells and
laminates, constructed
the G8 Solar house to
demonstrate the efficacyof
low-energysolar-powered
houses and offices. The
system uses a curving, .
south-facing photovoltalC
arrayOf176 laminate
modules connected to a
z40V inverter wired to the
local network. This array
can meet the needs of four
energy-effici ent houses. BP
Solarex produce a diverse
range of photovoltaic
options including:screen-
printed cells capable of
converting 1Z-14 per cent of
incident sunlight into
electrical energy; high-
effici ency Laser Grooved
Buried Grid (LGBG) cells,
in which a·lie; thin copper
gridisetched into the
surface of the silicon wafer,
resu lting in a zo per cent
increase in efficiency over
'normal' cells; and thin film
cells using amorph ous
silicon at two-thousandths
of a millimetre rather than
crystalline silicon, which
must be about one-third
of a millimetre to absorb
the full spe ctrum. Efficiency
in the thin film cells
does drop but high-volume
manufacturing compensates
in term s of cheapness .
BP Solarex are also now
able to produce semi-
Solar-powered service
stat ion cano py
Forecourts of most service
stations protect customers
from the weathe r by means
t ranspa rent photovoltaic
module s, in a special
laminate called Ted lar' ",
in which the density of the
PV cells per squa re metre
can be custom ized to meet
particular architectural
requirements.
of a canopy. BP Amoco pic,
in line with their long-term
objectives to become a
BPSolarex, worldwide 3'3
#
BPSolarex, worldwide 3'3
0
•
Silicon, semi-conductor 295
materials, copper, glass
• Dualfunctional PV 328,
~ unitsforsolar.power 329
generation andglazing
clean and respons ible
energy company,
have designed specia l
photovoltaic arrays for
installation on canopies to
generate allthe electricity
needed to pump fuel and
for lighting and so on.
This energy-neutra l
insta llation will event ually
be incorporated into all
new service stations.
BPAmoco,UK 3'3
#
BPAmoco, UK 3'3
0
•
~
Photovoltaic panels 339
• Conversion of specialist 328
buildingto energy-
neutralstatus
 been tota lly reroofed with
Sol ar roo f t iles
a n insta lled ca pacity of
Solar roof tiles, which are a 2kW wou ld generate
similar size to conventional enough capacity to burn
tiles or slates, can be the toas t 800 times an d
attached to a building brew 350 cups of tea.
instead of conventional Householders can
photovoltaic penals, become su ppliers of gree n
enabling the user to renew electricity, although a long
the actual protective view is needed to make
roofing layer and install the payback on ca pital
a so lar-powered energy investment.
generator in one operation.
Each so lar tile is a special SolarCentUlY, UK 310
photovoltaic cell that is /
con necte d to a batt e ry Uni.Soiar, USA 325
sto rage system and/or 0
the local electr icity s upply
netwo rk. O n a typical
British day a Victor ian
ter raced ho use th at has
•
~
Special photovoltaic
panels
• MultifUnctional
• Solar-powered
339

329

Th ermorn ax"
Flat-plat e so lar co llecto rs
show a reduction in
efficiency from 60 per
cent at an operating
temperature of 20· ( down
to abou t 40 pe r cent as the
temperature doubles.
Not so with vacuum-tu be
solar collectors, which
can maintain efficiencies
of over 60 per cent at
temperatures of 80 ·C.
A semi-conductor absorber
plate sits within an
evacuated glass tube.
The special liquid-filled
heat pipe is in intimate
contact with the a bso rber
plate where heat from the
sun causes the liquid to
evaporate to th e top of a ove rheating. Wate r for an ave rage household
condenser unit. Between surround ing the condenser is abou t 40 per cent. All Rayotec Ltd,UK
t he pipe and the condenser a bsorbs heat as it flows. Thermo max ma nufacturing

• Low-iron sodaglass, 295,

sits a spring made of
shape-memory m et al,
which limits heat t ransfer
th rough the pipe when
pre -set te m pe rat ures are
reached, so preventing
Energy conversio n even on plants com ply with ISO
copper, shape.memory JJ9
cloudy days is very efficient, gOO1 .
metal
with an ove rall an nua l
• High-efficiencysolar-
efficiency of over 70 per poweredhot water
cent. The reduction of gas system
or electricity heating costs
Sun Catcher
Fitting neatly inside a
standard carrying case for a
laptop PC, these twin solar
panels can triple the run
time of your PCor be used
independentlyto recharge
your spare battery. The.
deviceis compatible with
overthree hundred
models.
Kyoura Corporation, 319
/ Japan
KyoceraCorporation, 319
0 Japan
Topolino
Traditional wood-burning
stoves are stoked with
timber in a haphazard
fashion, causing rapid,
uncontrolled combustion
with significant heat loss
up the chimney stack.
GAAN's range of wood-
burning heaters encou rage

•
Photavoltaiccells 339 optimal com bustion
because wood is stacked
• Renewable power 329
verticallyand burns from
0 the top, likethe wick of a
candle, producing a fuel
effic iency of 85 per cent.
As the warm combu stion
gases rise they are forced
through a double swan-
necked constriction where
heat is absorbed into the
surrounding materials.
Immediate space heating is
provided by radiated heat
from the toughene d glass
doo r, while the remaining
heat passes into the
surroun ding cast stone!
granite or steatite body
panels, where 60 per cent
of the total combustion
energy is stored and
emitted over the next six to
eight hours. Emissions are
significantly lowerthan
required under existing EU
and Swiss regulations.

GAAN GmbH, 30 6
/ Switzerland
Tonwerk LausenAG, 32 5
0 Switzerland

•
~
Steel, gloss, granite

• Improved energy
generation
• Durable construction
295,
339
32 9
 AxorStarck
This fun ct ional , easy-to-
clea n mixer tap limit s wate r
o ut put to 7.2litres (r.Sgal)
a minute, elim inates
lime scaling and has a
s pecia l sto p valve. It
combines low maintenan ce
with good looks .

PhilippeStarck, France 3'0

/
HansGrohe, Germany 3'7
0 AxorStarck

•
(}
Chromium-platedsteel

• Reduces water
consumption
iFDesignAward,1999
295

330

332
showerhead
This free-st anding sho wer
unit is sp ar ing in its use of
m aterial s as part s of the
Q. frame also act as hot- and
cold-water pipe s to deliver
to the overhe ad and hand-
held rose s. Pleatin g t he
polyester curtain prevent s
it from clinging to the user .
The unit is easily plum bed
in, provides excellent
acces s for m aint en ance
and ca n be rep ositi on ed
when moving hou se.
Stain less stee l wou ld be a
preferred s ubs tit ute for the
chromi um-pl ated stee l to
m inimize the imp acts of
th is unit even furth er.

Philippe Starck, Agence 3' 0

/ Philippe Starck, France
Hans Grohe AG, 3'7
0 Germany

•
(}
Enamelled and
chromium-platedsteel,
polyester, polymerbase
• Economyofmaterials
usage
295

328

iFEcologyDesign 332
Q. Award,2000
 Clivus Multrum 2
composter
This company has been
manufacturing composting
toilets since 1939 . This
particular model, made
of 10 0 per cent-recycled
polyethylene, provides
adequate sanitation for a
three-bed roomed house.
An integral moistening
system ensu res biomass
volume reductions of 95
per cent. Water vapour
and carbon dioxide are
the only em issions.

Columbia eme rgency

water system
Atriple in-line filter system
on the inlet hose removes
particles greater than or
equal to 1 micron and
provides filtration of lead,
chlorine, nitrates, radon,
mercury and various toxic
chemicals and pesticides
as the water is hand-
pumped to the storage
container. Filtration of
Giardia, cysts, E-coli,
cryptosporidium and other
bacteria ensu res protection
against water-borne
disease. The whole system
is highly portable and
cllvu . DryToilet System
can also be fitted to stat ic
water sup plies.

WaterTech Industries, 326

~ USA Clivus Multrum 314
0 WaterTech Industries, 326 / Canada, Canada
USA Clivus Multrum 314

•
(}
Plastic, metal,filters 295

• Emergencyprovision of 329
clean, safe, drinking
water
0

•
(}
Canada, Canada
Recycled polyethylene

• Zerowater
consumption
34 1

327,
328
• Recycledmaterials
• Compostgenerator
• Canadianeco-labe!
...... -... EnvironmentalChoice

= --
=* - EcoLogo M certified
If6Cera range
The humble toilet bears the available, ergonomically
hallmark of a couple of des igned to fit a huge
hundred years of traditional variety of posteriors, and
industrial design but few with hygienic surfaces in a
people know what happens typically clean, sculptural,
inside the water cistern . In Scandinavian form.
traditional toilet designs
extravagant volumes of
water are used to flush
even small quantities of
human effluent. Today, to
meet the need for water
conservation, sanitary-ware
manufacturers such as If6
Sanitar have introduced
dual-flush ciste rns
offering two- or four-litre
(o.a-o.qgal) water
deliveryand, more
recently, adjustable .,
/
IjO SanitarAB, Sweden

IjO SanitarAB, Sweden

318

318

o•
flushing volumes, from Ceramics, polypropylene 295
three to eight litres ordurop/astic
(O.7-1.8gal) in the If6 • Encourages water 329 ,
Cera range. Polypropylene consefVation 330
or duroplast ic seating is • Improvedergonomics

Excel NE
With over twenty-five
years' experience of
designing composting,
waterless toilets, Sun-
Mar Corporation have
developed a range of self-
contained and central
com posting toilet systems.
Most models are equipped
with an electrically driven
fan to provide an odo ur-
free atmos phere but the
bulking mix is added
per person per day. After
use the Bio-drum is
mechanically turned
between four and six
revolutions everythird day
or so to aerate the mixture.
Fullydegraded compost is
removed from a bottom
finishing drawer as
required. An evaporating
chamber at the rear of the
drum ensures excess
moisture is removed.
So confident are the
manufacturers ill the
robust design of their
toilets that they offer free
parts for three years and a
twenty-fiveyear warranty
on the fibreglass body.

.,
Excel NE is totally non- Sun-MarCorporation, 324
electric, using a vent / Canada
chimney instead. The Sun-MarCorporation, 324
operating principle in all Canada
Sun-Mar toilets is identical.
A mixture of peat, so me
topsoil and/ or 'Microbe
Mix' is added to the Bio-
•
()
Fibreglass

• Reductioninwater
consumption
• Recycling of human
295,
34°
33°

drum' and a cupful of peat waste

 MisterSunnyboy s:
llJ
Designed for ease of n
:::r
assembly, this modu lar :3
(J)
construction uses sand- III

blasted plexiglass to create

a water distiller driven by
the passive energy of the
sun. It can be suspended
or placed in the ground
and provides fresh, treated Plush Tap is such an
water from a deceptively innovation . It allows
simple yet functional existing cross-head taps
design. to be converted into push
taps by using an adaptor
FrogDesign, Germany 30 6 to fit on the old tap body.
/ Water is conserved, as ta ps
prototype, 1997
rO cannot be accidentallyleft
running. The advantages of

•
~
Plexiglas<, plastics

• Passive solarpower
• Provision ofsafe
295

328,
329
Plushtap
push taps are especially felt
where wate r is metered.

.,
drinking water Flow ControlWater 316
Conservation of resources / Conservation, UK
in public buildings ought to Flow Control Water 316
be a high priority but it Conservation, UK
often needs an innovation
to encourage capital
investment before tangib le
results can be achieved.
•
~
Brass, seals, stainless
steel
• Encourages water
conservation
295

330

Oxfam bucket
Jerrycans holding about 2 2
or 45 litres (5or i ogal} are
the normal means of
providingwater carriers for
aid or disaster relief work
by agencies such as Oxfam.
But rigid jerrycans take up
a lot of valuable payload
space on aid work planes,
so Core Plastics developed
a stackable bucket with
a removable lid, which
incorporates a filler
hole/spout with s nap-on

.,
top. An indentation in the OxfomjCore Plastics. 309
base helps reduce the ris k / UK
of spinal injuries when the Core Plastics. UK 30 9
bucket is carried on the
head. The bucket design
Improves the effi cacy of
relief efforts. •
~
Lightweight, UV-
resistant plastic
• Reductionin transport
energyperunitwater
carrier
295

328
, e

~@lfl~lr0tilltlu e

Safe Tap Water harvester

As mo re househo lds inst all
systems fo r recycling water
the risk of accid en tal usage
of greywate r (wast e water
from was hing, bathin g,
etc) for drin king will
increase. This ta p can be
opened on ly when a specia l
gar den hose connector is
inse rted into the greywat er
faucet
In a Chilea n fis hing village
ca lled Chun gun go a
st unningly s im ple system
he lps m itigat e wate r s upply
problems . Local cond itio ns
give rise to fog whe re th e air
is saturated with moistur e.
The air borne water part icles
are encouraged to co ndense
on fine nylon me sh sc ree ns ,
providi ng up to 10,000 litres
(2,20 0g al) of wate r a day,

.,
WeLLDesign Associates, 311
/
.,
Netherlands Ad-hoc system
Flamco, Netherlands 316 /
Ad-hoc system, Chile

o•
Recyclable materials 34

Or so rai n co llecto r
Water is t he resou rce of the
twenty-first century, Both
ind ust ria l and domest ic
use is inc reas ing in mo st
nati on s . Storage of
this preciou s commod ity
is essenti al but m an y
so lution s for s ma ll-volume
sto rage cons ist of little
mo re t han cylindr ica l
•
' Nylon net 295
• Safetyfeaturefor 32 ] ,
greywatersystems 34 0 • Watercollectionand 330
• Recyclable materials ~ conservation
Rainwater storage tan ks
Wagner & COe fabricate a mains water consumption 140 01 and EMASe
range of rainwater storage can be ach ieved , At the
tan ks from 750 to 2,0 0 0 same time there is a Wagnera(Coe 326
litres (165-440 ga llons)
ca pacity, wh ich, when fitted
to a pump a nd filtration
system, supply wa te r for
co ncom ita nt saving in th e
e ne rgy and chem icals tha t
th e wate r utility compani es
us e to deliver drinkin g-
.,
/ Solortechnik GmbH,
Germany
Wagnera( Cae
Solartechnik GmbH,
Germany
326

•
plast ic conta ine rs with a was hing mach ines, to ilets, qu ality wate r - mu ch of Polyethylene, various 34'
tap e Marc De [o nghe 's Rain ga rde ning a nd for general which en ds up bein g us ed othermaterials
Column ha s an attachment cleaning purposes, for cleaning rath er th an • Conservation and 330
point for a faucet a nd Potentially reductions of d rinking, The com pan y is ~ utilizationa/rainwater
garden hose. A standard up to 50 per ce nt of norma l regis te red to bot h ISO
connector allows an y
num ber of co lumns to be
co nnected to one anot he r
to provide increa sed
storage ca pacity,
® 0 CD CD

.,
/
MarcDeJonghe, 0"0
Design, Belgium
Prototype
30 5

•
~
Plastics

• Encourages water
conservation
• Flexible storage system
295

329 .
330
 Waterless urinal
system
To avoid the build-up of
odours, public urinals
tend to use a lot of water
to flush the problem
away. Waterless UK think
they have come up with a
solution by using water-
repellent gels on the
inside of the bowl and a
specialfil ter to absorb
the urine solids and let
the remaining aqueous
waste ente r the greywater
system. Afloating gel on
top of the filter prevents
anysmelly vapours
from polluting the local
atmosphere. Filters last
up to six months and
are replaced under a
maintenance contract.
Thefull environmental
costs of this waterless
Vulcan Ram
Aram is a wate r-driven
pump using a natural head
ofwaterto force wate r in a
small-diameter pipe uphill.
Waterflows through a pipe
takenfrom a stream or lake
feedand is accelerated as
it passes through a pulse
valve. This valve snaps sh ut
whensufficient pressure
builds up in the 'input'
chamber in the ram with
the result that a pro~ortion
ofthe water is forced
through a deliveryvalve
Intothe 'output' chamber.
Typica lly there are between
forty and ninety open/ shut
cycles in the pulse valve
each minute. Air under
pressu re in the output
chamber converts the
pulsing water through the
deliveryvalve into a steady
flowto a header tank.
Rams are capable of raising
water up to 100 metres
(330ft) above the ram and
pumping 25°,000 litres
(55,ooogals) in twenty-four
hours. Using traditional
cast-iron and gunmetal
production techniques,
Green & Carter have been
manufacturing rams since
1928 and export worldwide.
They still repair rams
des igned and made by
Josiah and James Easton,
who installed water-
s:
syste m must include the
'":r
n
:::l
embodied energy in the III
Vl
manufacture of the
system com ponents , the
transport energy of the
installation and
maintenance and the
disposal option when the
filters are no longer
usable. Saving money on
water may be poss ible
with this system but the
fullenvironmental costs
must be computed.
Waterless UK, UK 326
/
Waterless UK, UK 326
0
•
(}
Water-repellentgel,filter 34'
cartridge
• Reduces water
consumption
328
pumping schemes for
many eighteenth- and
Kolaps-A-Tank
nineteenth-centu ry
landowners. The ram is This collapsible 1.340
an example of Industrial US gallon (1,116imperial
Revolution technology still gal) water bag is a
proving durable, reliable portable cubic package
and economical. measuring just 45cm
(18 in) on each side.
Made of tough , food-
grade vinyl, approved by
Originallypatentedby
/ the US Food and Drugs
Pierre Montgolfierin
, 8, 6 Administration, it is ideal
Green alCarter, UK for relief work in drought
3' 7
0 zones, being eas ily
•
(}
Cast iron, metals, rubber 295,
• Energyand water
conservation
• Durability
34 0
328,
329
transportable by road.
/
Burch, USA 3'3
Burch, USA 3' 3
0
•
(}
Food-grade vinyl
• Facilitatesemergency
waterdistribution
295
328
 APT batte ryadapter
A series of cylindrical
sleeves permits
rechargeable AA- and
C-type battery cells to be
used instead of D-type
cells.
Savaplug
This '3 -amp, th ree-pin plug
will adjust the electricity
su pplyto match the load
requirements of the motor
on a refrigerator and
so reduce consumption,
especiallyon older
models or large motors .
.,
/
Unknown
SAVAWott(UK) Ltd
• •
Plastic, brass, electronics 295
• Reductioninenergy
~ consumption
.,
/
Unknown
Unknown;retoi/erJode
Mountain,USA
335
•
Cord, plastic, metal 295,
340
• Reductioninraw 328,
~ materialsduring 329
production
• Encourages useoj Eco Charger
rechargeable batteries Battery lifeof NiMH, Nicad
and AlkalineAA, AAA, C
and D cells is generally
shortened by overcharging
but the Eco Charger's LCD
Trojan L-16
allows monitoring of the
This 360Ah (amp hour), state of the charge and so
6V-capacity battery is extends the number of
suitable for trickl e possible recharges.
charge from photovoltaic
.,
generating systems but will Saitek, USA 323
also accept a rapid charge /
from a fossil fuel, wind or Saitek, USA 323
water generator. This
o•
makes it ideal for domestic Plastic, metal, LCD 295
renewable energy systems.
• Reuseandextended life 328
All the lead is from recycled [orconsumables
sou rces and 80 per cent
of the plastic Polyon casing
323 .,
/
Trojan Battery
Company, USA
Trojan Battery
Company, USA
325
325
is also recyclate.A lifespan
of ten years is guaranteed
and thereafter many of the
Recycled plastic, 295 com ponents can be once
recycledlead again recycled.
328 • High percentageoj 32]
~ recyclotesusedin
manuJocturing
Scimat 7 0 0 / 30 and
70 0 /35
Rechargeable nickel metal but this separator resulted efficiency of NiMH
hydride batteries (NiM H) in loss of charge and batteries.
don't use any cadm ium, degraded chem ically.
which is a highly toxic Scimat found that if
ingredient of nickel-
cadmium (NiCad)
batteries. When NiMH
batteries were introduced
polypropylene was
exposed to an ultraviolet
grafting technique it could
absorb water and
.,
/
SciMAT, UK
SciMAT, UK
323
323
they used the same nylon
material to separate
the positive and negative
electrodes and the
became hydrophilic.
This improved penetration
of the electrolyte into
the sepa rato r, improving
•
~
Uv-treated
polypropylene
• Improves efficiency
and lifetime oj
rechargeablebatteries
341
329
electrolyte as NiCads charge retention and
 AccuPlus Ult ra
Vartawere one of the
first battery manufacturers
to abandon the use
of mercurywith the
introduction of
rechargeable nickel
cadmium (NiCad) batteries
(or portable applianc.es in
the mid-1 ggos. ContinUi ng
their quest to reduce the
environmental impact of
their products, Varta now Wh igh-
offerl.2VAA, C and D effic iency motor
and 8-4V PP3 rechargeable
nickel metal hydride Brook Hansen is a major energy usage by UK
(NiMH) batteries. These su pplier of heavy-duty industry, so this new motor
batteries are totally free electric motors to UK can potentially reduce Brook Hansen with 313
of mercury and cadmium industry. The 'W' High- carbon dioxide emissions / ShejJieldand
and offera longer life
than NiCadswith, typically,
up to a tho usand charge/
Effi ciency Motor uses a
new type of steel with
improved magnetic
in the UKby up to 2.5
million ton nes per annum
as existing moto rs are ., CambridgeUniversities,
UK
Brook Hansen, UK 313

discharge cycles.
characte ristics, which
increases electrical
effici ency by 3 per cent.
•
replaced. Use of this
Steel,copper, various 295
s pecial steel also allows athers
a reduction of 30 per cent • Reductioninenergy 327,

.,
~
Varto,Germany

Varto, Germany
325

325
Electric motors account
for over 65 per cent of the
by weight compared with
conventional steels.
~ and materials usage 328

•
~
Nickel, metalhydride,
metal
295

• Reductioninmaterials 328,
usage
• Reductionintoxic
329

emissionsfollowing
disposal
• Reuse byrecharging
o'"
o
E: f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - j
I'D
!=l-
Vl
eN DOSeAL
,0' The debate about ozone- cavities and is not
depleting gases such corroded by the refrigerant.
as CFCs in refrigeration Preventing leakage of
units overshadowed refrigerant also improves
other necessary refrigeration efficiency and
innovations to tackle this reduces consumption of
problem. Leakage of gas electric power.
from flare joints on old

.,
and new units with CFCs, UniversalMaster 325
HCFCs or other gases / Products, UK
still makes a significant Universal Master 325
contribution to ozone Products, UK
depletion. eNDOSeAL is
a special PTF E seal that
can be easily fitted to
provide a 100 per cent
•
~
PTFE

• Reduction inozone-
depletinggases
• Reductioninenergy
341

328,
34 0
gas-tight seal, as the consumption
material extrudes into
3M Serie 9300
If masks are
uncomfortable, wearers
tend to discard them,
so com promising their
individual protection
against fine dust in the
workplace. This new mask
from 3M has a rigid centre
ErosamatTyp e 1, lA, 2
Woven mats of natural All types of mat can be
fibres placed on the surface seeded to create a dense
of the soil abso rb raindrop sward of vegetation, which
impact and significantly further bonds the su rface
reduce water runoff and of the soil.
conse quent soil erosion .
Erosamat Type 1 and lA
are made from jute fibres Unknown
while Erosamat Type 2 is a
heavier duty geotextile of Variousfor ABG Ltd. UK
coir fibres extracted from
the husks of coconuts .
The latter takes longer to
decom pose but affords
greater protection to soils
• Jute, coir

section and flexible upper
and lower flaps to provide
a better individual fit and
make speaking easier. This
three-section design also
allows the mask to be
folded flat and the interior
kept dirt-free when not in
use.
3M New Products
/
., DevelopmentTeam,
Germany
3M, Germany
• Renewable materials
• Prevention ofsoil
erosion
more at risk from erosion.
BioAcoustic Fish Fence
(BAFF)
Industrial and hydroelectric using air bubbles. The
water intakes are usually so nic barrier warns fish to
protected bya physical avoid the area and diverts
grilleor barrier to prevent them elsewhere.
fish from being drawn in
312 with the water. However, Fish Guidance Systems,
312
these conventional barriers
reduce water flow, need
maintenance and can kill
UK
FishGuidanceSystems,
UK

•
~
Various

• Improved personal
healthequipment
339

32 8
the fish they are desig ned
to protect. The BAFF is a
patented techno logyfor
creating a curtain of sound
• Various

• Protectionoffishstocks

iFDesignAward, 1999 332


.,
/
•
,}
Pureprint
Conventional web-offset
printingprocesses use
waterwith about 10 per
cent industrial alcohol,
such as IPA, to ensure
the plates stay wet so the
inkscan flow . IPA is
highly mobile as it readily
evaporates and 'dissolves'
in water. It is also a
Mimid
Land mines planted during
militaryand civil conflicts
during the twentieth
century kill or maim
innocent civilians every
day. An estimated 10 0
million undiscovered
mines form a lethal legacy
for future generations ,
so this portable, compact
mine detector is a useful
addition to the tools
available to mine-clearance
personnel.
ProfGerhard Heufler,
Germany
30 7
P Schiebel Elektronische 321
CerateAG, Germany
Various
339
• Contributes to a
healthierenvironment
328
carcinogen and therefore
creates a potentially toxic
environment for workers.
Beacon Press avoid using
water or alcohol and
instead use silicon rubber
to ensure appropriate
'wetting' of the plates and
sharper resolution. Nor are
any chemicals used in
Exofl yTrap' " N
m
Control of the common Q
house fly is essential in :::r
food-manufacturing plants. ~
"U
ExoSect has developed a
method ofkilling flies
FlyTrap 1
fi·O <3
0-
~I
c
without using insecticides ~
III
and with a self-contained
system of disposal of the
dead flies. A cardboard
~
box is marked with visual
stimuli and doused
with the female fly's sex
hormone . Once enticed
inside the box, the victims
cannot take a direct flight
path out and so try and
alight on the inside surface X02 Limitedt la s 326
of the box. This is coated / Exosect, UK
with an inert powder which
they cannot grip, so they
fall to the bottom of the
e
•
Exoseci, UK
Electrostatic powder,
cardboard, hormones
326
288-9
box where they suffocate in
• Avoidance oftoxic 329
a layer of the same powder. ,} substances
Boxes can be disposed of
by incineration or removal
• Control ofpestsinfood
manufacturing
to a landfill.
preparation of filmwork, Originally developed in
and a strong corporate / Japanand USA
environmenta l policy Beacon Print. UK 313
ensures that Beacon Press 0
operate a clean techno logy
printing plant in all
aspects , from sup ply-chain
management to car-sharing
•
~
Silicon rubber
• Reductionin water
consumption
• Avoidance ofuseof
283
329.
330
for emp loyees. toxicsubstances
 Stairmate
Work ing up ladde rs on
slo pes or stai rs ca n be
hazard ous. The Sta irma te ,
a folding foot to use on
the base of the ladder,
can im prove m atters . It is
adjuste d to give a sta ble base
fro m which any co nven tiona l
ladd er ca n be sa fely climb ed .

John Sandham and 3' 0

/ Stan Lewis, UK

e Lew San Ltd 310

•
(}
Metal,plastic

• Adding
multifunctionality to
existing design
295

329

TRISIT2 000
An estimated go million
squa re metres (lO8 m illion
sq yds) of waste seating
fabric was generated by the
automobile indust ry. Trisit
have pate nted a metho d of
fab ricat ing a m ultilayered Netlon, UK
te xtile to thr ee-dim ensi onal
patterns witho ut generati ng Netlon, UK
waste fro m cutting an d
sizing . The system can
be mod ified to bes poke
de sign s and is s uita ble for
auto m obile sea ting a nd
Tensar" range
Steep co nst ructio n slop es a nd providin g a n anc ho r
• Polypropyleneor
polyethylene
• Protectionagainstsoil
erosion and slope
failure
general-pur pose furnit ure. can be reinforced with for plant roots.
Tensar" 80 RE, a uni -axial
grid of polypropyle ne

.,
/
Trisit Design, Germany

Trisit Textiltechnologie
GmbH. Germany
325

325
with elongated ap ertures,
which im proves th e
s hear strength of th e
exposed s urface layers.

•
(}
Flame-resistantfabric

• Reduction in waste
output
• Reduction in materials
300-1

328,
329
Extrude d sheets of s pecia l
polyeth ylene a re punched
with regularly s ha ped
apertu res, then stretched
andenergy unde r heat to create a high -
consumption strengt h grid. Whe n t his
iFEcologyDesign 332 geo ma t is laid on th e
Q. Award,2000 surface it reduces soi l
ero sion by abso rbing the
energy of raind rop im pact

polyana®4 20
Altho ugh t here is an
interna tionall y recognized
syste m of labelling plasti cs
to facilitate recycling, m an y
produ cts and co m pon ents
are not s uitab ly e m bossed
or labelled. A typical ca r
can co nta in as ma ny as
thirty different plastics.
So any device that can he lp
ide ntify plastics facilitat es
recycling. The Tribo pe n
is a hand -held pen de vice
with a brass tip th at
accuratel y measu res the
electrost atic su rface
charge and is calibrated
to read the charge from
polycarbonates and
polypro pylenes. A light
then comes on to ind icate
which of these two plastics
has been ident ified.
Polyana is a portable
detector, which use s
infrared beam s an d an
electron ic chi p to m atch
t he reflected infrared profile
of th e plast ic being tes te d
aga ins t a series of known
profiles to determin e its
exact type. Both t hese
devices speed up t he
process of plasti cs
ide ntificat ion an d perm it
mo re efficien t recycling,
t hus als o assisting with
s upply-chain management.
Southompton
/ Innovations, Universityof 316
., Southompton and Ford
MotorCompany, UK
Sauthampton
Innovations, UK
•
Various
• Facilitatesplastics
~ recycfing
Tree masts
3' ° ,
As t he te lecommuni-
310
cation s ind ustry exten ds
its networks in response
to pub lic de ma nd for
more mo bile phones,
34
' Internet co nnectio ns and
other pay-as- you-go
328
serv ices, t he re is a
dem and for greater
network cove rage . Th is
m ea ns installing new
t ransm itte r (and receiver)
masts. Th e masts are
visua lly int rusive, so
Orang e , the UK's largest
mo bile ph on e networ k
provider , has create d a
ma st th at m im icks the
look of a Scot s pine tree.
Tree Masts are ma de of
ga lvanized-stee l 'stem '
an d 'branches' painted
Miscellal'1eolils
to loo k like ba rk an d
covere d wit h UV-resistant
plastic foliage . Alt ho ugh
this prod uct dea ls with
t he q ue stio n of visua l
intrusio n, the real deb at e
s ho uld be about the
en viro nm ental hea lth
as pects of th e mass ive
netwo rk expan sio n of
teleco ms co m panies .
Orange,UK 321
/
e Orange, UK 321
•
~
Galvanized steel, paint,
Uv-tesiston: plastic
• Reduction ofvisual
intrusion inthe
landscape
295
329
---~)
Introduction
(It's A Material World)
People first developed
methods to synthesize
materials from nature
at the time of the
earliest civiliz ations in
Mesopotam ia. The
Industrial Revolution and
two world wars accelerated
the synthesis of new
manma de materials. Today
the designer is faced with
a mind-boggling array of
hundreds of thousands of
materials, some of which
have no or little impact on
the environment while
others generate a rucksack
of environmental impacts
including depletion of non-
renewable resources, toxic
or hazardo us em issions
to air, water or land, and
the generation of large
quantities of solid waste.
While designers have
traditionally selected
materials on the basis of
their physical, chem ical and
aesthetic properties, as well
as by cost and availability,
other parameters, such
as resou rce depletion, are
now proving impo rtant.
Designers are now obliged
to observe legal restrictions
on the use of materials from
endangered species, as
listed in the 1973 Convention
on International Trade in
Endangered Species
(CITES) . Various voluntary
certification schemes, such
as the Forest Stewardship
Council and SmartWood
schemes, ensure that
materials originate from
sustainablymanaged
forests. Unfortunately,
designers have few
published guidelines about
criteria for selecting
materials in relation to
environmental , social and
ethical issues. The checklist
in Table 1 offers a method
of considering the potential
impacts of a material.
Ecomater ials
An ecomaterial is one that
has a minimal impact on
the environment but offers
maximum performance for
the required design task.
Ecomaterials are easily
reintroduced into cycles.
Ecomaterials from the
biosphere are recycled by
natu re and ecomate rials
from the technosp here
are recycled by manm ade
processes. - little processing tend to be
Embodied energy
One measure of eco-
efficiency is the degree of
efficiencyof use of energy
Table 1: A checklist for selecting materials
Material att ribute
Resource availabil ity
Distance to source (the
closer thesourcethe less
the transportenergy
consumed) km
Embodied energy (thetotal
energy embodied within the
material from extractionto
fin ishedproduct) MJ perkg
Recycled fraction (the
proportion of recycled
content) per cent
Production of emissions
(to air, water and/or land)
Production ofwaste
Production of toxins or
hazardous substances
Recyclability, reusabi lity
End-of-life waste
Cyclicity (the easewith which High
the materialcan be recycled)
within an ecosystem , that is,
the energy captured , energy
flows within the ecosystem
and energy losses. All
materials represent stored
energy, captured from the
sun or already held in the
lithosphere of the earth .
Materials also represent or
em body the energy used to
produce them. One tonne
of aluminium takes over a
hundred times more energy
to produce than one tonne
of sawn timber, so the
embod ied energyof
aluminium is comparatively
high. Materials with a low
embod ied energy are
generally those with a
sma ller rucksack of
environmental impacts.
Materials extracted directly
from nature and requiring
low-embodied-energy
materials, while manma de
mate rials tend to possess
medium to high embod ied
energy (Table 2).
Low environ- High environ-
mental impact mental impact
Renewable N on-renewable
and/or abundant and/or rare
Near Far
Low High
High Low
Zero/Low High
Zero/ Low High
Zero/ Low High
High Low
Zero/Low High
Low
In complex products,
such as a car, involVi ng
application of many
materials, the calculations
of embodied energy
are more involved. For
insta nce, using lightweight
aluminium as opposed
to steel in the chass is of a
car will ensure greater fuel
efficie ncy and so reduce
the total energy use
over the lifetime of the
product. Selection of high-
embodied-energy materials,
which are durable and
extend product life, may
be preferred to lower-
embodied-energy materials,
which have a sho rt product
life. So a very important
consideration is the
embodied energy of the
material over the lifespan
of the product.
Materials from the
biosphere and lithosphere
Materials derived from the
living components of the
planet, the biosphere, are
renewable and originate
from plants, animals
and micro-organisms.
Biosphere materials include
special groups of manmade
materials such as
composta ble biopolymers
and biocomposites derived
from plant matter. Such
materials are readily
returned to the cycles of
nature. Materials derived
from the lithosphere
(geological strata of the
earth's crust) fall into
two main categories. The
first catego ry is widely
distributed or abundant
materials such as sand,
gravel, stone and clay,
while the second category
includes materials whose
distribution is limited,
such as fossil fuels,
metal ores and precious
metals/stones. Materials

from the biosphere or
lithoSphere are often .
processed bysynthesIs or
concentration to create
technosphere maten als.
Materials from the
technosphere
Technosphere materials are
generally non·renewable.
Synthetic polymers
(plastics, elastome rs and
resins) derived from oil, a
fossil fuel, are technosphere
materials. Embodied-
energyvalues tend to be
much higher than in
biosphere materials. Most
technosphere materials are
not readily returned to
the cyclesof nature and
some, such as plastics,
ceramics (glass, glass /
graphite/carbon fibres)
and composites (ceramic,
metal), are inert to
microbial decomp osition
and willnever re-enter the
biosphere. In a world of
finite resources we need
to be aware of the need to
recycle technosphere
materials.
Recycling
Threeexhibitions in
the 1990Sencouraged
designers to focus on
the potential of using
recycled materials
from the technosphere.
Rematerialize (1994),
collated byJakki Dehn
of Kingston University,
UK, displayed a diverse
selection of contemp orary
materials made using
recycled content. ' Mutant
Materials ', curated by Paola
Antonelli at the Museum
of Modern Art (MoMA)
In NewYork in 1997,
examinedthe application
of recycled therm oplastics
alongside new mate rial
developments such as
specialist polymers, foamed
l Introduction _
(gold, platinum , silver)
Table 2 : Embodied energy values for common mater ials between 90 and 98 per
cent. Relatively inexpensive
Materialtype Typical embodied polymers (plastics), on the
energy (M) per kg) other hand , exhibit recycle
Biosphere and lithosphere materials fractions of between zero
Ceramic minerals, e.g., stone, gravel and 60 per cent , the
Wood , bamboo, cork 2-8 most commonl y recycled
Natural rubber (unfilled) 5- 6 plastics being PET(20-30
Cotton, hemp, silk, wool per cent recyclefraction),
Wood composites, e.g., particleboards 6-12 polypropylene (25-35 per
cent), polyethylene as LOPE
Technosphere materials or HOPE (typically 50-60
Ceramics - bricks 2-10 per cent) and polystyrene
Ceramics - glass 20-25 (35-40 per cent) . Specialist
Ceramics - glassfibre 20-150 technos phere mate rials,
Ceramics- carbon fibre 800-1,000 especia llycom posites, for
Composites - titanium-carbide matrix 60D-1POO example, thermosets and
Composites - aluminafibrereinforced 450-]00 reinforced thermoplastics,
Composites - polymer -thermoplastic- often have less than 1 per
Nylon 6 (PA) 400-600 cent recyclefraction.
Composite - polymer - thermoset - epoxy Closed-loop recycling
matrix - Kevlarfibre 400-600 of materials from the
Foam - metal - high-density aluminium 300-350 technosph ere significantly
Foam - polymer- polyurethane '40-160 reduces environmental
Metal - ferrous alloys - carbon steel 60-]2 impacts. Metals made
Metal - ferrous alloys - cast iron- grey entirely of recycled content
(flake graphite) 34-66 and recycled plastics
Metal -light alloys - aluminium- cast 235-335 have an embod ied energy
Metal - non-ferrous alloys - coppervarious alloys "5-180 that is often only half or
Metal - non-ferrous alloys - lead various alloys 29-5 4 even as little as 10 per
Metal - precious metalalloys - gold 5,600 -6,000 cent of that of virgin metals.
Polymer - elastomer - butyl rubber 125-145 Increasing the recycle
Polymer - elastomer - polyurethane 90-100 fraction in more materials,
Polymer - thermoplastic - ABS 85-120 by re-evaluating the idea
Polymer - thermoplastic - nylon 1]0-180 of 'waste' , will bring
Polymer - thermoplastic - polyethylene 85- 130 savings in ene rgy.
Polymer - thermoplastic - polypropylene 90-1'5
Polymer - thermoset - melamine 120-15° Green procurement
Polymer - thermoset - epoxy 100-150 Designers can also reduce
Adopkd from Cambridgefnginu ring Selector, versionj.o, Granto Design Ltd, UK the impacts of materials
they use if they specify
alloys, foamed ceramics of microbes and by water sources of materials and
and unusual composites. and weather. Nature minimum recycle fractions
An exhibition called recycles all its mate rials and if they insist on
Recycling, organized by but humans recycleonly com pliance with certain
Craftspace Touring in the certain manmade mate rials. standards, such as eco-
UK in 1996, revealed the Materials of low monetary labels or voluntary industry
beauty of hand -crafted value tend to have low schemes (see Green
products made from volumes of recycling. Thus Organizations , p. 331).
recycled materials. relativelyexpensive ferrous Specifiying suppliers or
Materials from the metal and light alloysoften manufacture rs that comp ly
biosp here are readily include a recyclefraction with internationa lly
taken back into nature's of between 70 and 80 per recognized environmental
cycles by the process cent, non-ferrous metals management systems ,
of biodegradation , or between 10 and 80 per cent such as ISO 14001 or
com posting, by the action and precious meta l alloys EMAS , is also desirable.
 ---~--~~.- ~

r: i"{~~r?,rt~r. . r-~- ~'d;;,-, ·~T~~~B··r:,,:·~

_~_~ • • J.. __ .'_ ·~::.u. r" - -~ - -

General-pu rpo se panels suitable for interior

deco ration and furniture.
Agricultural residues, such
as wheat and rice straw, Phenix 32 2
/
cotton stalks and bagass e,
suga r cane waste, are
bonded with formaldehyde-
free resins into sheeting
., Biocomposites,
USA
Phenix
Biocomposites,
USA
32 2

and panels. • Renewableand 32 7

(} recycled
Campak System s 314 materials
0 Ltd, UK
Elast ic woo d Gridcore"
• Renewable 327 Thin sheets of plywood are Gridcore" is a lightweight,
(} materials Findlay-Form"
curved laterally to create a chemical-free, honey-
'wave' profile,then bonded Jute. sisal and kenaf fibres combed solid panel made
together to form a springy, are the raw ingredients for from 100 per cent-recycled
DuraCane
flexi ble sheet ing suitable Findlay-Form", a natural fibres such as used
Bagasse, the plant-fibre for a wide range of fibre-based compos ite, cardboard, newsprint
residue from sugar cane, is app lications. Varyingthe which is suitable for detailed and jute, kenaf and wood
formed into a tough board, thickness of each layer and moulding especially for waste. The panels can

.,
DuraCane, suitable for a amount of curve changes automobile components . be curved to compou nd
varietyof indoor uses from the degree of elasticity. or custom radii, making
furniture to built-in units FindlayIndustries. 316 the material suitable for
and flooring.
o Prototype
designedby
Nickie Kiebaam.
30 8
(}
USA
• Renewable
materials
327
interior design and
furniture.
AaJdia Boord 3' 2
0 Company. USA
graduate student
Gtidcore Systems 3 7

(}
• Renewable 327
20 0 0, Design
Academy
0 International '
materials (GS /), USA
Eindhoven, • Recycledcontent 327.
Netherlands (} • Taxinfr ee 329
• Renewable 32 7
Eco Panel materials
This lightweight board
comp rises a layer of
Gridcore, a board made
from a honeycomb of
mixed waste paper,
sandwiched between layers
Hexf'o rrn"
of veneer manufactured
from timber harvested This compa ny is part of the
from sustainably managed Kafus Environmental
forests. Industries group. which
manufactures materials
BuchnerDesign 313 N.C.F.R. Homasote"
from alternative crops and
/ Studio, USA
recycled waste strea ms. Homasote claim to be the
Gridcore Systems 3 Environ"
0 International, '7 Flexform' is made from oldest manufacturer of
USA Environ ™ is possibly the kenaf and hemp fibres building board from 100
• Renewable first example of a mass- mixed with synthetic per cent-recycled post-
(} materials
327.
produced biocompo site polymers and is particularly consu mer paper in the
328
• Recycled using a plant-based resin suited to moulded panels USA, with a pedigree
materials to bond recycled materials. for the autom obile and stretching back to '909. All
• Lowembodied the products in the ir range
It is manufactured from construction industries .
energy
recycled paper and soy are free of asbestos and
KaJUs Bia- 318
flour into sheets and floor
strips to provide a material,
0 Composites. USA
formaldehyde additives.
For each tonne of recycled
• Renewable 327
which. it is claimed, is (} materials paper there is a net
harder than oakwood and reduction of 73 per cent
emissions to air, 40 to
70 per cent less water
consumpt ion and 70 per
cent less energythan
virgin wood pulp fi b~e.
N.C.F.R. Homosote , a
multipurpose interior or
exteriorboard, is a good
insulator and a barrier to
moisture, noise and fire
(when impregnated with
fire retardants).
., Homasote
Company, USA
• Ruycled
318
32] ,
~ materials 328
• Lowembodied
energy
Isobo rd
Strawis an annu al
agricultural residue that
causes environmental
problems when burnt and
can lockup soil fertili ty
upon decomposition. But
it can provide second ary
income for farmers when it
is used as the raw material
in composite board
manufacturing. Isobord
is an alternativeto
conventional particle
boards. It is made under
high pressure and
temperature by comb ining
straw fibres with non-toxic
isocyanurate resins to
provide a resilient high-
density board that can be
surface-finished by painting
or laminating. Isobord is
suitable for building,
exhibition and furniture
.,
purposes.
Isobord
Enterprises, USA
• Renewoble
318
~ materials
32 ] ,
329
• Non-toxic
manufacturing
Kronospan"
This Swiss company
l.ignasil"
Lignasil~ is made from 100
., Masonite
Corporation, USA
• Renewable
32 0
32 ]
manufactures a diverse per cent natural fibre held
(} materials
content
range of particle boards, T & in a patented bio-alloy
G panels, MDF, Kronoply structure . It is an extremely
(an orientated strand board, tough material and is the
OSB), laminate flooring and primary com ponent of
.,
post-formed panels and Madera ~ floor tiles.
surfaces for interior use.
Laminated flooring sheets Matrix 32 0
are FSCcertified, the Composites, Inc"
formaldehyde-free, panel-
type 'Hollywood' qualifies
for a Blue Angel eco-Iabel
and the compan y is certified
~
Canada
• Renewable
M ader6n
materials
32 ]
to ISO '4001. Timber is
Meadowood panels
.,
generally sourced locally. Ground waste shells from
and sheeting
the almond-g rowing
Kronospan AG. 319 industry are mixed with Compressed panels of
Switzerland resins to form a hard, ryegrass st raw are su itable
• Renewable 32 ] ; durable composite suitable for all interior design,
~ materials 32 8 , for furniture and panel exhibition and furniture
., .,
• Clean 333
manufacturing. production.
production
• Certificotionof
variousproducts Lignocel SA, 319 Meadowood 32 0
to FSCorBlue Spain Industries, lnc.,
Angeleco-label • Renewable 32 ] USA
(} materiol • Renewable 32 ]
• Recycled content (} material
Kucospan Life
Kucospan Life is a
formaldehyde-free chipboard
formed with coniferwood
thinnings and bound with
up to 5 per cent by weight
Polycarbamide (PMDI) , a
.,
polyurethane resin.
Kucospan, 3
UK '9
• Renewable waste 32 8 ,
~ content 329 Mason iteCP Med iteZF
• Reduction of
toxicity and
This tough, dense board is Medite ZF is the trade
made from long-fibre wood name for an interior-grade,
emissions
compressed to attain a very medium-dens ityfibreboard
high density of 940 kg{sq m
(192Ib{sq ft), which
makes it es pecially
suita ble where structu ral
(MDF) man ufactured using
softwood fibres bonded
with formaldehyde-free
synthetic resin. Free
st rength is required. It is formaldehyde conte nt of
manufactured to ISO 9001 Medite ZF is less than
and guaranteed and 1.0m g{100g (one part in
approved by the Swedish 100 ,000), which is
National Board of Housing. equivalent to or less than
natural wood, and
formaldehyde emissions
a re well below ge ne ral
a m bient outdoo r levels. All
ot he r Medit e MDF board s
Easiboard and Easiwall
A ran ge of wa ll pa nels is
.,
(}
Rodman
Industries, USA
• Renewableand
323

327
a re ma nufact ured to Class A man ufactured with whea t recycled
materials

.,
EN622 Part 1, com plying s traw.
with free formal deh yde
Schauman Wisa®
co nten t of less tha n Pierce
.,
32 2 plywoods
g.o mg/ lOog (nine part s International,
pe r 100,0 00) . The co m pan y lnc., USA Birch , sp ruce a nd pine
• Renewable 327
has applied for FSC (} material
from m anaged fores ts in

.,
cert ification for Medite. Finland are used to
Wood compos ite
manufact ure a range of
Wil/amette 32 6 plywoods s uita ble for Thin strands of as pen
Europe Ltd, UK inte rior, exterio r an d pul pwood a re rebonded in
• Renewable 327 , co ncrete formwork and moul ds for furn itu re and
(} materials 329 as lami nboard . Specia l aut om obile parts s uch as
• Reductionin
to ngue-and-groove legs, s hells a nd seat backs.
toxicingredients
and emissions pan el plywood lamin ated
floorin gs include Strandwood 324
Schauma n Birch fioor, Molding. Inc., USA
Oil-tempered hardboard • Renewable 327
Sprucefioor an d Spruce
materials
Natura l ce llulose fibres are Dek. The compa ny is

.,
t he primary co ns tit ue nts of certified to ISO 14001 .
Pacific board"
thi s type of hardboard , in
Schauman Wood 323
Thermo-ply
which th e natu ral glues Whea t st raw and Kent ucky
from th e fibres , rat her t ha n bluegrass are the mai n Oy, Finland These fibreboa rds are
• Renewable
synthetic adhesive s, bo nd fibre cons tituents of t he (} materials
327 made of 10 0 per ce nt-

.,
t he fibres together . particleboard man ufactu red recycled m aterials
• Stewardship

.,
by th is com pa ny. including car dboa rd , office
sourcing
Masonite CP, UK 32 0 waste, m ill was te and

.,
Pacific Northwest 32 1 pro duction sc rap.
• Renewable 327 Fiber, USA ShetkaBoard
(} materials • Renewable 327 This range of sheeting SimplexProducts, 32 4
(} material USA
m aterials mad e from
• Renewable and 32 7
recycled was te pap er is (} recycled
suita ble fo r co ns truc tion
General-purpose materials

.,
a nd inte rior de sign wo rk.
particleboard
Some 14 ,0 0 0 to nnes of AI/Paper 312
waste wheat straw a nn ually Recycling, inc.,
go to ma ke t his half-inch- USA
thick (r-em) , wheat- based • Recycled 327
(} materials
part icleb oard su itab le for
furniture, constru ction and

.,
inte rior design .
Stramit
PacificGold Board
Prairie Forest 322 This compos ite fibre board
This is a straw-based Praducts, USA panel is m ade of 100
• Renewable
Wheatboa rd' "
building board s uitab le for 32 7 pe r ce nt wheat straw
inte rior uses .
(} material sa ndwiched betwee n a This is a str on g
recycled pa pe r facing. pa rticleboa rd using

e BioFab LLC, USA 313

Resincore
bon de d, cros s-linked
fibres of wheat stra w. It

o • Renewable
resources
327 Resincore is a formal -
deh yde -free particleboard
e Stramit USA,
USA
• Renewable and
324
is sui tabl e for d iverse
con st ruct io n an d inte rior
(} recycled
327
co m pose d of sawd ust, uses , furn iture an d
phe no lic resin an d wax. materials kitchen fixtures .
r-- Primeboord, Inc., 32 2 EcoTimber 3'5 Rubberwood (»
Timber Holdings 325
(»
0' USA International,
USA
Ltd, USA
• Renewable
C- • Renewable 32 ] There are over ].2 million ~ 32 ]
0 material
~
• Renewable
materials
32 ] ,
32 9,
hectares (17.8 million materials
• CertiJiedsources
~ acres) of cultivated rubber
• Toxin-jree 333 trees worldwide, of which
• SmartWoodor
Bamboo FSCcertiJied over 5.2 million hectares
Bamboo sourced from (12 .8 million acres) are in
Vietnam is the principal Malaysia, Indones ia and
Timber from
material for strip and Thailand. Declining latex
sustaina ble sourc es
laminated flooring yields norma lly occur
manufactured by the Harwood Products twenty-five to th irtyyears
company, but poles and supp lies timber and after planting. These
bamboo for structural products from sustainably older trees are now being
purposes can also be managed forests certified harvested to provide a
supplied. by the FSC. A member of growing sup plyof Hevea, or
CER ES. rubberwood, the dom inant
Timberstrand" LSL
Bamboo 313 species being Hevea
0' Hardwoods, Inc.,
(»
Harwood 3' ] braziliensis. In '990 the TJM produce a range of
USA Products, USA ASEAN (the Association of engineered timbers
• Renewable 32 ] • Renewable
~ material ~ materials
32 ] South-east Asian Nations)
produced about 17 million
compo sed of strands or
sheets of veneer bonded
• CertiJied cubic met res (600 million with adhesives or resins at
materials
cubic ft) of rubberwood. high pressu re and heat.
The timber is suita ble for a Tirnberstrand'" TSLis a
wide range of applications genera l-purpose structu ral
such as flooring, particle timber. TJM products
boards, kitchen ute nsils enco urage better resou rce
and general furnitu re usage th an sawn timber
woodworking. since almost all the sawn
log is used in the

e Numerous
manufacturers in
tropicalcountries
compos ite t imber.

Certified tirnber
This company supplies high-
density prepared boards
from sustainablyharvested
palm trees. The timber is
guaranteed 100 per cent
chemical-free and is suita ble
for structural, flooring and
furniture applications. A
wide range of North
American and tropical
hardwoods is supplied
from certified sources.
Microllam" and
lntrall arn"
With minimal wastage
from the forest roundwood ,
TJM bond layers of aspen
wood with resin to form
high-st rength tim ber
com pos ites - Microllam?"
comprising thin even layers
and Intrallarn™ formed
from more irregular layers
and chips.
~
• Renewable
resource
32 ]
THL Iron Woods"
Diniza, Purpleheart,
Greenheart and
Macaranduba are very
tough, exceptionally
dense, trop ical hardwoods.
Promoted under the brand
name THL Iron Woods" ,
these sawn and planed
woods are certifed bythe
FSC and the Rain Forest
Alliance's SmartWood"
TrusJoist 32 5
0 MacMillan, USA
,~ • Renewable 32 ]
material
• Efficient useof
resources
Willows
This nursery specializes in
the cultivation of willow
species and cultivars suited
to the climate of the UK
and Europe. Over 135
species, subs pecies and
varieties of willow are listed
in the catalogue. Advice is

e TrusJoist
MacMillan, USA
32 5 schemes as originating
from sustainab lymanage d
also given on bulk s upplies
of cut osiers and willows.
,~ • Reductionof 32 ] , forests . All these iron
wasteoutput 32 8 The Willow Bank, 326
woods are extremely
• Efficient use of
dura ble and do not require
(» UK
resources
any chem ical treatmen ts to • Renewable 32]
prolong life.
~ materials
 Bioplasr " and Biopur"

Biot ec specializes in
biod egrad ab le plastics using
vegeta ble sta rch as the raw
ingre dient. Trad e prod ucts
includ e Biop last"' an d
Biopur" . They have sim ilar
prop e rties to polystyrene,
so they are suitable for
making disposab le cup s for
BioFoam depart® Eco-Foarn"
ven d ing mach ines an d
BioFoam is a loo se-fill catering com pa nies. Derived from po lyvinyl

.,
Po lystyrene chi ps ,
packaging made of pu re alco ho l, dep art" is a wate r- often made by inject ing

.,
starc h and is biodegradable.

Johnson
Corrugoled
Products, USA
318 ~
Biotec, Germany

• Renewable
materials
•Compostoble
313

32 ]
so luble and biodegrad able

.,
plastic.

Environmental
PolymersGroup
3,6
cho rofluo roc arbo n
(CFC) gase s, can now
be su bstit uted with
biode grad able chips of
foam ed starch po lyme r,
• Renewable
~ materials
32 ] pic, UK
• Compostable
Eco-Foam" , where stea m is
~
32 ] used as the blowing age nt.
This biopo lymer is ma de of
85 per cent corn sta rch, so
Biopolymers
it is biodegradable, wate r-
Eastman m anufactures a soluble and reusab le. It is
range of biodegradable also free of static, wh ich
po lymer s from cellulose mak es the packag ing
acetate. proces s ea sier.

Capa"
e Eastman
Chemical
Company, USA
315 Nationa!Starch II(
ChemicalCo., USA
-Renewable
• Renewable 32 ] materials
Bioco rp: biopolymer
Capa" is a the rmo plastic ~ materials • Reusable
ma de of po lycap rolacto nes,
• Compostable • AvoidanceoJCFC
Corn starch is th e which are biod egrad able.
main ingredient of th e
compostable biopolymer s
made by Biocorp.
., SolvayPlastiques, 324
Belgium
• Renewable
Eco-Flow EnPol
emissions

Products include plas tic

~ material
32 ] Eco-Flow is an extr ude d Enpol is a fully

.,
bags and cutlery. packaging material biod eg radab le plas tic,
• Compostable
prima rily com posed of wh ich is similar to

.,
Biocorp, USA 313 wheat sta rch. polyethylen e (po lythe ne)
but uses two and a half
• Renewable
Biopolymers
~ materials
32]
Bio polym ers an d industrial
American
Excelsior
3' 2 times less material to
achi eve th e sa me strength
• Compostable sta rches are extracte d Company, USA properties.
~
and processed from the • Renewable 32 ]

.,
material Polyvalplc, UK
corn (ma ize) plant.
• Composlable
Cereslar USA, 3'4 • Potentia! 32 ]
USA reduction in
• Renewable materialsusage
~ material
32 ]
Jorapplicalions
• Compostabte usinglhe
biopolymer
• Compostable

EnviroFill
EnviroFili is an extruded,
biodegradable, starch-
based, loose-fill
packaging mate rial.
NOTeI/Unisource, 32 1
0 USA
• Renewable 327
~ material
• Compostable
Flo-Pak Bio8
Corn, wheat or potato
starch is the raw material
for Flo-Pak Bio 8 loose-fill
packaging.
Free-Flow 316
0 Packaging
International,
Inc., USA
• Renewable 327
~ materials
• Compostable
Mater-Bi
Mater-Bi is a biodegradable
plasticfilm manufactured
by Novamont in Italy and
Unde r licence by EnPac in a
JOint venture between
DuPont and ConAgra in the
USA. It is derived from
corn starch and is suitable
for a wide range of
app lications from
packaging to refuse
.,
disposa l bags.
Novamont SpA, 3' 6,
Italy/fnPac, USA 32 1
• Renewable
(} material 327
• Compostable
MAZIN
This composta ble
biopolymer is derived from
polymers extracted from
corn (maize). It is
produced in extruded
sheets for phone and ID
cards and similar printed
.,
products.
CornCard 314
International,
Inc., USA
• Renewable
(} materials
327
• Compostable
Natu ral rubber (NR)
The historyof rubber
cultivation can be traced
back to early civil izations in
Central and South America
but it wasn't until the
nineteenth century that a
native species, Hevea
braziliensis, was
commercially exploited and
became a major export for
Brazil. The process of
vulcanization, discovered
by Charles Goodyear in
1839, rapidly expanded the
applications for natura l
latex in the Industrial
Revolution, Today over 70
per cent of rubber
product ion, 5.2 million
hectares of a world total of
7.2 million hectares (12.8
million acres and 17.8
million acres respectively),
centres around Malaysia,
Indonesia and Thailand.
Trees have a productive
lifetime of up to thirty
years, after which latex
production declines.
Plantations also act as a
sink for absorb ing carbon
dioxide. Natural rubber is
used pure or mixed with
synthet ic rubbers and
fillers to manufacture a
huge range of products
from tyres and tubes ,
industrial comp onents
and medical goods to
footwear and clothing.
Special grades of NR
produced by Malaysia
include SUMAR (Non-
Smelly Rubber),
ENR (Epoxidized NR) ,
DPNR (Deproteinized NR) ,
and PAjSP (Superior
.,
Processing Rubber).
Manyintropical
countries
• Renewable 32 7
(} material
• Versatile natural
polymer
Novorr"
This is a thermop lastic
starch, containing up to 90
per cent starch derived
from plants. Additives
control the rate of
decompos ition, which
varies from fiveto forty-five
days depending on
am bient moisture and
temperature conditions
and microbial activity.
e Novon
International,
USA
32 1
(} • Renewable
material
327
• Compostable
PHA
PHAsare biodegradable
plastics derived from
plants or bacteria that are
water-soluble and eas ily
recycled . PHAs are suitable
for medical and food-
.,
packaging uses.
Metabolix, Inc., 32°
USA
• Renewable
(} 327
materials
• Compostable
and recyclable
PLA, EcoPLA
Plastics manufacture rs
all over the world are
examining the commercia l
viability of making plastics
using renewable resources .
In 2000 Cargill Dow
Polymers announced
that their 'NatureWorks
Technology' had created
a new bioplastic called
polyactide (PLA) , derived
from the maize plant. A
new factory is sched uled
to open in Blair, Nebraska,
to supplyinitially up to
' 5°,0 0 0 tonnes per
ann um. Some of the
world's largest
manufacturers of plastic
food packaging, such as
TetraPak, Autobarr, Bimo
and Treopaphan, are insulation battens and suppressant, helping to
interested in producing PLA quilts. In the HeraflaxWP clean the land, and it

.,
products in the future. battens and Heraflax WF is a prolific producer of
quilt the fibres are biomass and fibre, growing
Cargill Dow 314 integrated with polyester up to 4 metres (13ft)
Polymers, USA fibres to form sta ndard high in 100 days. Hemp
• Renewable
(} materials
32 ] 60mm - or Somm-thick cultivars with minimal
(1/4- or '/3- inch) products. active 'drug' chem icals
• Compostable
Both materials are good have been grown in
insulators with a thermal Germany since 1996

Polymeric resins
This company spec ializes
in developing engineered
polymers for the medical,
personal care and agro-
technology markets.
Their polymeric resins
.,
conductivity of 0.42 W/sq m. specificallyfor the
Chanvriso l,
production of this new
Chanvrilaine, M ehabit
Deutsche 3 , insulation material. Fibres
Loose-fill and blanket Heraklith GmbH, '5 are extracted from the
32 1
insulation is made by Germany, and harvested plants and
combining cellulose (wood) Osterreichische reworked into panels using
Heraklith Gmbh,
fibres with hemp fibre. 15per cent polyester for
Austria
Chanvrisol is loose-fill support and 3-5per cent
• Renewable 32 ] ,
(}

.,
are degradable. insulation, Chanvrilaine a materials soda for fireproofing. It is
329
blanket insulation and • Energy-saving suitable for insulating
PlantPolymer Mehabit a flooring underlay. product between stud walls and
32 2
Technologies, Inc., roofing timbers. Thermo-

(}
USA
• Degradable
materials
32 ] e LCDA (La
Chonvriere de
rAube), France
319 Hypodown
Hanf"> (Thermo Hemp)
conforms to all DIN-Norm
Fibres from the milkweed standards and has a
(} • Renewable 32 ] plant provide the raw therma l conductivityof
moten"als
materials for this 0.039W/mk for DIN
com pany's range of 52612. It also has in-built
hypoallergenic down resistance to insect attack
Insulat ion
products, Hypodown, from the plant' s own

.,
Recycled textil e waste is suitable for use in bedding natu ral defences.

.,
rep rocessed into insulation and upholstery.
mate rials. HockDistribution/ 318
NaturalFibers 32 0 Swabian ROWA,
Greenwood 31] Corporation, USA Germany
(} • Renewable 32 ]
CottonInsulation ,,~ • Renewable 32 ] ,
Products, tnc., USA materials 329 material
• Recycled content 32] • Non-allergenic • Clean praduction
Biopolymers and resins
This company specializes in
the manufacture of starch-
based biopolymers and
resins suitable for injection
moulding. Clean Green is
loose-fill packaging that is

.,
water-soluble.

StarchTech.lnc., 32 4
USA
(} • Renewable 32 ]
materials Thermo-Hanf" Wool bloc
• Compostable Herafla x
Hemp is an ideal crop for Sheep's wool is combined
Longand short flax plant all aspiring organic with an acrylicsolution and
fibres are separated; the farmers. It does not require natural boron salts to make
former are used for weaving the application of any low the rmal-conductivity
linen and the latter are herbicides or insecticides, (0.038W/mk) insulation
ma nufactured into it is a good weed batts, of 50mm, 75mm and
100mm thickness (0.2, 0·3
and 0.4 inch), with square-
cut ends. Manufacturing
typically consumes less
than one-fifth of the energy
required to make glass-
fibreinsulation, so the
embodied energy of
woolbloc is less than
150 MJ/square metre. .
Woolbloc is hydroscoplc,
so it can absorb excess
moisture vapour but,
being also breathable, it
permits evaporation of
this moisture. Tests have
also proven that it absorbs
formaldeh yde released
from other building
materials, is a good
acoustic barrier and is
fire-resistant.
Klober, UK 319
0 0
• Energy 327,
~ conservation 32 9
• Clean
production
• Renewable,
recyclableand
biodegradable
primarymaterial
Papers , panels, Board is also made from
compos ites recycled newsprint and is
coloured with natural
Kenafplant fibre is grown mineral pigments . Both
and processed by Arizona boards are suitable for
Fibers Marketing ready for interior app lications ,
a variety of commercial pinboards , noticeboards,
~
uses for the paper and exhibition displays and <b
construction industries. furniture.
3
I'll
a.
Arizona Fibers 312 Celotex Ltd, UK 314 ~.
0 0
~
Marketing,USA
• Renewable
materials
327
~
• Recycled
materials
327 --
I'll
Vl
o
;::l>
• Clean
production
Packaging
Sustana " leathe r
Agricultural fibres and
residues are formed into a Claimed to be the most
diverse range of food exclusive 'eco-Ieather' in
packaging and disposable the world, Sustana '"
cutlery. originates from cattle
managed on susta inable
Enbiomass 316 and humane principles,
Group, Inc., USA without the use of growth
• Renewable
~ materials
32 7 hormones, steroids or
antibiotics, on the Coleman
• Compostable
ranch in Colorado. Tan ning
is undertaken by Cudahy
Tanning in Wisconsin
Nativa Rubber
using low-toxicity trivalent
Latex is harvested from chrom ium and chorine-
wild trees in the Amazon free water-based dyes and
rather than commercial finishes. Protein wastes
plantations . This helps are recycled and water
support local cultures and effluents treated by
econom ies and encourages biological purifying
rainforest conservat ion. systems. Sustana'" is
the primary leather source
Deep ECompany, 315 for shoes made by the
0 USA Deep E Company.
• Renewable
~
32 7,
material 330 Deep ECompany, 3 5
• Ethical
production
0 USA '
• Renewable
• Encourages ~ materials
327 ,
330
nature
• Clean
conservation production
• Ethical
Sundeala and Celotex production
Sealcoat
Sundeala is a soft board
manufactured from
unbleached recycled
newsprint available in a
range of natu ral colours.
Celotex Sealcoat Medium

Auro paints, oils, waxes
and finishes
Auro manufactures an
extensive range of 'organic'
paints, oils, waxes, sta ins
and other finishes without
the use offungicides,
biocides or petrochemicals
including white spirit (an
isoaliphate). Oils originate
from renewable natu ral
so urces such as ethereal
oils, balm oil of turpentine
or oil from citrus
peel, so waste from the
manufacturing process
is eas ilyrecycledand the
pote ntial health hazard
of the finished products
is less than in petrol
or isoaliphatic-based
manufactur ing systems .
Emulsion paints for interior
use include white chalk
and chalk casein paints,
which can be tinted using
pigments from a range of
330 colours. Exterior-grade
gloss paints and stain
finishes are suitable for
app lyingto wood, metal,
plaster and masonry.
Auro 312
0 Pjla nzenchemie
AGfAuro GmbH,
Germany
• Non-toxic
(} ingredients
327
• Cleanproduction
BioShield paints,
stains, thinners, waxes
BioShield Paint Company
manufactures a diverse
range of paints, stains,
thinners and waxes from
natura l ingredients such as
oils from linseed, orange
peel and soybean.
BiaShield Paint 313
0 Company, USA
• Renewable 327
(} materials
Adhesives, paints ,
varnishe s, oils
Natural organic
cons tituents and abunda nt
minerals are the basis
for the entire range
of Holzweg products
for timbers and masonry
surfaces including
adhesives, primers, paints,
varnishes and oils.
Halzweg. 318
0 Germany
• Renewable
(} materials
327
«Non-toxic
Livas
In '975 Livos developed
techniques for dispersing
ingredients in natural
resins. The compan y has
continued to develop its
range of natural-based
primers (with linseed
oil), hardening floor
agents (pine tree resins).
transparent glazes
(phytochemical oils such Nut shell"
as citrus), wood polishes
(beeswax), wall glazes Nutshell produces a
(beeswax and madder root) full range of adhesives,
and varnishes pigmented paints , herb and resin oils,
with natural soil pigments . varnishes and stains with
Livos URA Pigment Paint natural pigments .
comprises organically
so urced beeswax, linseed/ NutshellNatural 321
stand oil, orange-peel oil 0 Paints, UK
• Renewable 327
and dam mar mixed with (} materials
water, methylcellulose,
• Non-toxic
isoaliphate, ethanol , iron
• Clean
oxide, mineral pigments , production
borax and boric acid. The
amou nt of pigment can be
adjusted to give the desired
st rength of colour.
Livas 39
0 Pflanzenchemie, '
Germany
(} • High content of 327,
natural, 339,
renewable 34 1
materials
• LowornilVOC
content
Milk-based paints
• EUeco-labelfor
some products
Traditional milk-based
paints, suitable for interior
design/r estoration and
The Natural Choice
furniture production, are
All paints and finishes made bythis compa ny.
in The Natural Choice These paints follow
collection utilize authentic recipes and are
natural oils and solvents, free of synthetics.
originating from citrus peel
or seeds, resins from trees, Old Fashioned 321
waxes from trees and bees, 0 Milk Paint
inert mineral fillers and Company, USA
earth pigments. Oils are (} • Renewable 327
materials
extracted by cold pressing
or with low heat and all
products are packaged
in biodegradable or
recyclablecontainers with
an emphasis on keeping
packaging to a minimum.
The Naturol 32°
0 Choice, USA
(} • Renewable 327
materials
• Minimal
pollution
monufacturing
OS Color
• Minimal Waxes from canau ba and
packaging candelilla plants and oils
 Paints/Varnishes. Miscellaneous
frorn sunflower, soybean, Bio T® Hopton 318
linseed and thistle arethe 0 Technologies, USA
rawingredients of a wide Bio TO> is a general- (} • Renewable 327
purpose cleaner derived material
range of natural starn s
and protective finishes for from terpene, which is
exteriorand interior wood suita ble for use in the
Ad hesives , paint s
surfaces. For example, man ufactu ring indust ries
OS ColorWood Stain and and public-sector Potmolen make a
Preservative is a natu ral maintenance. t raditional range of
oil-based, microporous, cabinetmakers' glues and
water-repellent treat ment BioChem 313 adhesives derived from
for timber exposed to the 0 Systems, USA casein, together with gloss
Bean-e-c1 ean ™
weather. The natural oils, (} • Derivedfrom 327 paints based on linseed oil Franmar Chemical
renewable and othe r natural man ufacture a
water-repellent additives
materials
and lead-free siccatives ingredients. multipurpose, indust rial-
(drying agents) form the strength cleaner, Bean-e-
binder, which comprises Potmolen Paints, 322 doo'", and a waterless
almost 85 per cent of the
Biof'orrn" 0 UK hand cleaner, Bean-e-
solids content. This binder This biodegradable release (} • Renewable 327 clean'", both derived from
materials
is mixed with the active agent is made from canola soybeans.
• Toxinfree
(bacteria and fungi) oil and is suitable for
protective ingredients, use with concrete, plastic, FranmarChemical, 316
alipathiclow-odour PVC, silicone rubber,
Rilsan
0 inc., USA
• Renewable
solvents (benzole-free, steel, styrofoam and (} materials
32 7,
diaromatized, medical- wood. Ril san resins are derived 34'
• Reductionintoxic
grade white spirit) and from castor beans and are
chemicalsand
pigments (iron oxide, LeahyWolf 31 9 often used in the powder
titanium dioxide). Floor 0 Company, USA coating of metals.
VOCs

• Renewable
treatment, such as the (} material
327
OS Color Hardwax-Oil , is ElfAtochem, USA 316
an oil-based application, 0
• Renewable
which gives a durable,
N atu ral colo urant s (} materials
327
washable, surface. It
and dyes
doesn't contain biocides
or preservatives. This comp any bulk-
Manufacturing plants Soy Clean
manufactures dyes from
are covered by ISO 9 001 nat ural so urces to supply Soy Clean is a range of
and ISO 14000 . other indust ries with biodegradable, non-toxic
alternatives to synthetic cleaners and paint .
Ostermann a( colourants. removers derived from
0 32 1

.,
Scheiwe, Germany soybeans.
~ • Lowinsolvents 327,
andfree VOCs, 34 1 0
ColorTrends, lnc., 314
USA SoyEnvironmental 324
biocide», • Renewable
preservativesand (} materials
327 Products, lnc., USA
(} • Renewable 327
citrusoils
materials
'Natural,
• Toxin-free
renewable raw
Glu eM ate'M
materials
Dry and green timber can
be finger-jointed using
the PRF/Soy 2000
adhesive system, which
uses Gluefvl ate'" , a
protein-based gel derived
from soybeans .
Papers

Continuum Conse rvation, Retreeve Multiboard Kraft, Index paper, board

Old denim jeans, worn-out
money notes and industrial
cotton waste are recycled in
a diverse range of papers.
Zenus Crane's mill has
been recyclingwaste
textiles and paper since
1801 . The tradit ion
continues with the
Continuum brand of tree-
free papers using 50 per
cent cotto n fibre and 50 per
cent hemp fibre.
Crane a{ 314
4) Company, USA
• Renewable
(} resources
32 7.
330
• Conservationof
forestresources
The Conservation range
includes 100 per cent-
recycled wove and laid
papers suitable for ink-jet
and laser printing,
corporate stationery and
general-purpose office use.
It cons ists of 25 per cent
millwaste, 50 per cent
pre-consumer and 25 per
cent post-consu mer waste
and meets all the
requirements of NAPM and
Eugropa recycled marks.
Retreeve is a range of
qualitytext and cover
papers, which (excluding
BrilliantWhite) is 100 per
cent recycled. The compan y
has an environmental
policy and is certified to
ISO 14001 and EMAS.
Curtis Fine Papers 3
4) Ltd,UK '4
• Recycledcontent 327.
(} • NAPMcertified 334
Tree-free paper
A range of papers is made
from natural plant fibres,
such as cotton and hemp,
and post-consumer paper
waste.
4) Green FieldPaper 3' 7
Company, USA
• Renewableand 32 7.
(} recycled
330
materials
• Encourages
forest resource
conservation
Offset, Ecofrost
Composite sheeting and
boards are made from a
diverse range of recycled
materials, of which 55per
cent originates from used
PE-coated milkcartons,
newsprint and corrugated
paper, the remaining 45 per
cent from the industrial or
production waste st reams.
This compa ny is registe red
to ISO gOOl , ISO 14001
and EMAS.
Fiskeby BoardLtd,
316
4)
UK
(} • Recycled 32 7,
materials 34 0
• EMS policy
for folders
Hurum takes back used
laminated drinks cartons
made of paper, plastic and
aluminium. The cartons are
shredde d and separated
into the component
waste streams, then the
recovered pape r is used to
make recycled paper for
index-card systems and
board for folders. The
aluminium fraction is sent
to another manufacturer
for reprocessi ng. The
company is certified to
ISO g OO1 , ISO 14001
and EMAS.
Hurum Fabrikker 318
4) AS. Noway
(} • Recycledcontent 327.
• Recycling of 328
recoveredmetal
Offi ce and sanitary
paper
Over four hundred tree-free
papers, made from plant
fibres and recycled waste
paper, are availablefrom
this manufactu rer.
New LeafPaper, 32 1
4) USA
• Renewable and 327.
(} recycled 330
materials
• Conservation of
forestresources
 Papers. Inks
Paperback. UK 32 2 Vanguard Ecoblend' Printing in ks
0
~
• Recycled 327, This tree-free, bond-quality Alden & Ott manufacture a
materials 32 8 , paper is manufactured range of heat-set soy-based
• Reduction in 333, from 25 per cent inks with about 20-25 per
embodied energy 334 agricultural crops and cent soy content and
• NAPM approved
• Stewardship 75 per cent post-consumer colour pigments avoiding
sourcing, FSC waste paper. the use of heavy metals.

LivingTree Paper Alden a( Ott, USA 312

'c ontext' and othe r
Paperbackpapers
There are tens of paper
manufacturers and
distributors in the UK who
offerrecycled papers in
their range but Paperback
offersthe most extensive
range of gloss and matt
coated papers, uncoated
offsets, letterheads
and speciality grades
manufactured from
recycled waste paper.
This process consu mes
less than halfthe energy
required to make paper
from virgin wood pulp. The
company was set up in
1983 when use of recycled
paperwas a fringe activity
in both the consumer and
commercial markets . It is
committed to encouraging
use of recycled paper to
decrease the disposal of six
million tonnes of waste
paper annually in the
UK. Boards range in
weight from 225gsm up to
300gs m with a varietyof
finishesfrom smooth white
watermarked up to natural-
coloured micro-fluting.
All 'context' papers and
boards contain 75 per cent-
de-inked used waste to a
~APM approved grade and
Context FSC' is made from
75per cent-de-inked fibre
and 25per cent-FSC-
0 Company, USA
319
0
• Renewable
~
• Renewableand
recycled
32 7, ~ material
327
330
materials • Cleaner
production
• Conservation of
forestresources
EcoPure
EcoPure is a range of inks
derived from soybeans.
The company also
produces a diverse range
Savatree
of water-based flexographic
This compa ny produces inks and specialist inks
a vast range ofk raft, for printing on metal.
packaging grade and
printing papers . The Inx International 318
Savatree range uses 100 0 Ink Co., USA
• Renewable
per cent-waste paper to
Vision" and Re- ~ materials
327
create recycled papers such
vision " printing paper
as MG Greent reesaver
Kraft, MG Green Envelope Kenaffibre is the principal
Print ing inks
and MGTreesaver raw material for the
Plus Kraft used in the manufacture of a range An extensive range of
manufacture of envelopes. of 100 per cent tree-free vegetable-based inks is
and chlorine-free available for offset and
SmithAnderson a( 324 printing papers. lithographic printing.
0 Co. Ltd, UK
• Recycled content 327
~ 0
Vision Paper, KP
Products, USA
319
0
FlintInk, USA 316
• Renewable
~
• Renewable
~ materials
327
materials
32 7
• Conservationof
forestresources
Soybean ink s
Manufacture r of a diverse
range of inks derived
from soybeans .
Ron Ink. USA 323
0
• Renewable
~ materials
327

endorsed pulp.
 Textiles
~ mould, mildew and UV Lyons, DesignT ex, and
i
~l ii,l
"
light, a nd its use in China is Lothar Pfister and Fab iola
• il documented through ten Forna s ier, Rohn er Textil.
~, , ~ thou sand years . Ten s of After sc ree ning over
!
~
1I
~-:
ji 'Jl
d ifferent pure hemp o r
hemp/natural-fibr e fab rics
8,300 chemicals used
in con venti on al textile

I
'0
<
,~ i* are de signed by Hemp manufacturing, the de sign
'.~
:fa
:n
:~ Textiles Inte rnat io nal using con su ltan cy concluded that
ij ;::r the Cant iva™ brand o nly th irty-eight were really
1 hem p fibre. Fab rics ran ge safe, being comple tely no n-
from hea vy-duty pure toxic and non -hazardou s.
Argyll CF727 hemp ca nvas weighing Two natura l fibres we re
Designer Jasp er Mor rison 620 g/s q ua re m etre (18.3 se lected, wool for its Wool from rare breeds
has bu ilt on a lon g Scott ish oz/sq yd) to lightweight wa rmth a nd wate r- of animal s is sp un and
t rad itio n of weav ing woollen hemp/ silk or hem p/ cotton absor ption properties, woven into a range of high-
text iles by creating a new mixtures weighing between an d ram ie, a flax-like fibre perfo rma nce ya rns an d
range offurnishi ng fabrics 92 and 1939/squa re met re produced in Indone sia, fabrics.
for Bute Fabr ics in vibrant , (2.7 and 5.7 oz/ sq yd). Bulk for its coolnes s and water-
co ntem porary co lo urs, yet o r who lesa le orders are repellent prop erties . Dalton Lucerne
t he durability and wa rm produced in co ntractual Ciba Ge igy assisted with RareFibres Ltd,
surface textures associated a rrang ements with a the develop m ent of UK
Various
with t raditional crafted Chine se m ill. natur al dyes a nd the 4) manufacturers
products are ret ained . Bute meth od s of processin g
• Renewob/e
Fabrics so urce mu ch of their
raw mat erials locally an d e Hemp Textiles
International,
USA
3'7 a nd manufacture of th e
textile at Rohner Textil's
resources
• Encouraging
ado pt clean produ ct ion, mi lls. Apparen tly, the animal
• Renewable
mini m izing the use of ~ materiais
32 7 effluent wate r fro m th e conservation
harmful su bsta nces duri ng factory was cleaner after
pro ce ssing, as an integral treatme nt than the o rigina l
part of th eir environ me nta l imported water source.
po licy. These fabrics are
suita ble for resto ratio n RohnerTextil, 3'5 ,
projects an d for new
4) Switzerland,Jor 323
furn iture. DesignTex, USA

., Bute Fabrics, UK

• Renewable
3'3
~ • Durable,
recyclableand
compostoble
materials
327 ,
328

~ materials
32 7 • Non-toxic and
non-hazardous
• Clean manufacturing
production Furrows, Carnegie and • Reduction in
FoxFibre®
Wintexfabric from water Fox F ib re~ is ma de from
Clirnatex" l.ifecycle" consumption organic sou rces of natura l-
yarn during
co loure d cotto n th at
manufacturing
Desi gnTex com miss io ned don 't require dyeing and
Mc Dono ugh Braun gart so sig nificantly red uce
Desi gn Che m ist ry to create wate r usage and effluent
a new biodegradable fabric production du ring
fo r t he ir office furn iture
systems. The new fabric,
Clirnatex" Lifecycle'", was
designed by William
McDonough an d Professor
.,
processing.

NaturalCotton
Colours, Inc., USA
• Renewable
320

32 7
Cant iva' materials
Dr Michael Braungart,
• Clean
Hem p is a very strong McDon o ugh Braungart
production
nat ural fibre, nat urally Design Chemi stry,
resi st ant to salt wate r, USA/ Germ an y, with Susan
 Textiles

unbleached textiles Terrazo Felt 'Colour

D eing and bleaching both
y .' t This non-woven, needle-
generate emiSS ions 0 .
water and air during textile
manufacturing, so [unichi
Arai borrowedfrom the
traditions of jacquard
woven fabrics to create
a striking series of
heavilytextured, undyed,
unbleachedtextiles. 'Basket
Weave pockets' uses fine
cotton yarn and knitted
tapes to create a dens ely
woven fabric, while 'Korean
Carrot' is an undyed wool
weave with a felt-like finish.
junichiArai, cia 321
NunoCorp., japan
• Renewable 327
materials
• Clean
production
Recycled yarn textiles-
wool, cotto n
Mollsjo produces a range
offabrics by weaving
recycled yarns of wool and
cotton from reclaimed
denim jeans. Each fabric
run is unique and depends
on the mixture of yarns and
warp and weft settings.
One-ojfs, small
0 batch production
308
Green Cotton"
Well before 'organic'
became the adjective of
the late 1990s, compa nies
such as Novotex were re-
examining the sustaina ble
features of their business:
Sources of raw materials
were analyzed and it was
discovered that hand-picked
cotto n from pesticide-free
South American so urces
required less cleaning
than intensivelygrown
'commercial' cotto n. Long-
fibre cotto ns were selected
to provide a yarn that could
be woven to facilitate dyeing
with water-based dyes and
reduce chemical additives
throughout the production
process . As a result
Green Cotton is free of
chlorine, benzidine and
formaldehyde. Waste water
generated in processing is
chemically and biologically
cleaned in situ. Supply
chain management, cleaner
production and dust and
noise control have
also created a healthier
environment for em ployees
at Novotex.
Novotex, 32 1
0 Denmark
• Clean
~ productionof
32 7
'organic'
TENCEL ®
TENCEL" is a modern textile
that uses natural raw
materials in the form of
'lyocell' cellulose fibre
derived from wood pulp
harvested from managed
forests. This lyocell fibre
is processed through
the unique TENCEL"
'closed loop' solvent
spinning process, which is
economical in its use of
water and energyand uses a
non-toxic solvent that is
continuously recycled. The
resultant TENCE L" fibre is
soft, breathable, absorbent
and fully biodegradable.
Luxurious surface finishes
are achieved by abrading the
wet fibres, a technique called
fibrillation. Awide varietyof
fibrillated or non-fibrillated
(TENCEL AlOO) finishes
is achievable. TENCE L"
filament is suitable for
knitted and woven fabrics, is
softer in feel yet stronger
tha n cotton and provides a
good surface for printing
and dyeing. Many of the
world's leading fashion
designers have taken
advantage of the versatility
offa brics woven with
TENCEL" yarn.
0
AcordisFibres
(Holdings) Ltd,
312
Chips '
punched, blanket-type fabric
fuses dye-chips into a 100
per cent-natu ral-coloured
alpaca-woolfelt over a core
of polyester organdy to
produce unique pieces of
material.
Nuno 321
0 Corporation,
japan
• Renewableand
~ recyclable
327
materials
Terrazo Felt ' N uno'
Industrial-waste snippets
of various Nuno fabrics
and 'outtakes' in raw wool
are combined in a needle-
punched technique
to create an interesting
textured terazzo effect. The
constituents are 8S per cent
alpaca wool with 1S per cent
Nuno production waste.
Nuno 321
0 Corporation,
j apan
• Renewable and
~ recycled
327
materials

bydesigner-maker naturalji bre UK

Carina Mollsjii, textiles
Sweden ~ • Renewable,
compostable
327,
328
,~ • Recycled content 32 7 materials
'--- • Clean production
• Energy-efficient
production
 ....." , . '"

. G~m(.J$.t~~~LtlIffi " '

ACAT fibre board MAP(Merchants 320 ,
0 of Australia 326
The sourcing of this fibre Products)
board, made from go per Pty/Wharington
cent waste fibre from International Pty,
Australia
paper, wood and plastics
(} • Recycfed content 327
with 10 per cent adhes ives,
makes its manufacture a
viable proposition and
reduces waste disposal
while minimizing
embodied energy of
Eco Panel Tectan
manufacturing. RPl's Eco Panel is made Used drinks cartons are
from HOPE recycled mixed with industrial
Alaska Centerfor 304 plastics and is available in scrap from the carton-
0 Appropriate ten sample mixes and manufacturing plants
Technology, USA patte rns ranging from under the Ouales System
(} • Recycfed 327, neut ral greys to mixed Deutschland scheme
materialslocally 34 0
sourced
primary colours. to provide the ingredients
• Reductionin for this toug h, water-
Stokbord" and
embodied energy
o Recycfed Plastics, 323
lnc., USA
• Recycfedcontent 327
Centriboard resistant board. The raw
material is shredded, then
Stokbord' is a smoot h or compressed under heat
embosse d low-density and pressure, causing the
polyethylene (LOPE) sheet polyethylene fraction to
available in standard sheets melt and bond the
Duraplast
in a thickness of 6, g, particles. It is suitable for
Recycled mixed 12 and '4mm (between building and furniture
polyethylene (HOPEand about '/5 and 1/2in). It is manufacturing.
LOPE) is bound with resin constituted from 40-50
to form general-purpose per cent post-consumer Tetrapak, 32 5
boards and sheets. waste and 50-60 per cent 0 UK
• Recycfed
AERT LifeCycle, industrial/ commercial (} materials
327

ChoiceDekand
MoistureShield
e EnviroSafe
Products, Inc., USA
• Recycfed
316

AERT s products are
man ufactured from a
mixture of recycled
polyethylene (HOPE and
LOPE) plastics and waste
wood fibre. UfeCycie
and ChoiceOek are
plank sections suitable
for decking while
MoistureShield is suitable
for door, window and
furniture constr uction.
Advanced 312
0 Environmental
Recycfing
Technologies
(AER1J, USA
(} • Recycfed 3 27
materials
327
waste. Centriboard is
available in th ree grades:
L- a smooth LOPE sheet,
materials Unicor
r.ymrn to 18mm thick
(about 1/ 20 to 7/lOin); H - Unicor panel comprises
smooth HOPEsheet, zrnm go per cent-recycled
to 6mm thick (about 1/12 wood fibres and particles
to 1/4in); and P - smooth sandwiched between
polypropylene sheet, zrnrn surface layers of
to 6mm thick. polyethylene. It is used
in coach building in
Centriforce, UK 314 the recreational vehicle
0 indust ry.
• Recycfed
(} materials
327,
330, Unicor 325
• Reduction in 340 0 Corporation, USA
Plast ic recyclate embodied energy • Recycfedcontent 327
(comparedwith (}
MAP manufactures a virgin plostics)
range of mixed ABS/p oly- • Encouraging
carbonate recyclates, which conservationof
are suitable for injection- timberresources
or blow-moulding of
furniture components.
Wood-Com
Wood-Com is a mixture of
recycled plastic and waste
wood particles and dust.
It is easily moulded into
panels suitable for interior
design and auto motive
fittings .
e NorthWood
Pfastics,Inc., USA
32 1
~
• Renewable and 32 ]
recycled
materials
Frostex
Commingled, recycled
plastics are extruded into
sheets suitable for a
widerange of uses from
packaging to surface
laminates and for general
product-design
applications.
Yemm", Hart,
0 USA
326
~ • Recycledcontent 32]
Plastic board
Recycled HOPE is used to
manufacture new plastic
boards suitable for a wide
variety of applications.
Yemm", Hart, 326
0 USA
• Recycledcontent 32]
~ 0
Recycled plastic
Stakes and posts are made
from post-consumer and
production waste.
CabkaPlast 313
0 KunststoJJVerar-
beitungsGmbH,
Germany
• Recycled
~
32 ]
materials
Durawood
Ourawood is a high-density
material available in a
range of rectangular
profiles, which is made
ent irelyfrom recycled
plastics. It is especially
suited to the manufacture
of street and outdoor
furniture.
0
Save Wood
Products Ltd,UK
323
~
• Recycled content 32 ]
Epoch Plastic profiles
Commingled, recycled Avariety of round and
HOPE plastics are extruded square profiles and sta kes
to form rectangular, squa re are made from recycled
or plank sections suitable plastics.
for a multiplicityof uses in
street and garden furniture. Hahn Kunststoffe 31]
0 GmbH, Germany
• Recycledcontent 32 ]
~
Environmental
PolymerProducts
316
Ltd, UK
• Recycled content 32] Plastic planks,
~ profi les, stakes
Plastic lumber in the form
of planks, profiles and
stakes is manufactured
from recycled plastics for
indoor and outdoor use.
Henne Kunststoffe 318
0 GmbH, Germany
• Recycled content 32 ]
~
Govaplast"
A range of square, round,
rectangular and tongue -
and-groove profiles is
produced using recycled
polyethylene and
polypropylene plastics. A
range of colours includes
charcoal grey, grey-green
and mid-brown. The T & G
Holloplas
is used in everything from
fabrication of equestrian
buildings to outdoor
To date Centriforce
has supplied more tha n
planters. ' 50 ,0 0 0 tonnes of recycled
finished products to
GOl/aerts 31] construction, industrial,
0 Recycling NV, agricultural and
Belgium recreational markets in
• Recycledand
~ recyclable
32 ] over thirty countries. It
content
offers an extensive range
of hollow extruded profiles
@
us ing a blend of recycled
plastic from was te
from reta il distributio n
Partek Plastic profiles ., Transform Plastics 325
Ltd, UK

~
Pa rtek manufacture profiles Pla nks, stakes and squa re '.Recycled content 32 7
(40-50 pe r cent) a nd an d decking made from profiles are ma de from

.,
ind ustr ial/commercial recycled plastics. recycled plastics.
waste including film,
pipe and packaging (50-
60 per cent) . Sta ndard e Partek Insulations, 32 2
lnc., USA
• Recycledcontent 327
Pofy-Beek-
Kunststaff-
32 2

sections are suita ble for

~ Hande/s-GmbH,
Germany
decking, T & G flooring ,
• Recycled
fencing , railings and
Plastic profiles ~ materials
32 ]

.,
street furn iture .
Round an d square profiles
Centrif o"e, UK 34 are manufactured from
Plasticstakes
'
recycled pla stics. Ro und profiles and stakes
• Recycled
~ materials
32 ] , are manufactu red from

.,
330 ,
• Reduction in
embodied energy
340 e PlanexGmbH,
Germany
32 2

• Recycledcontent 32 ]
recycled plast ics.
Profiles an d st akes in a
(comparedwith ~ PURUS
KunststojJWerke
322 variety of roun d and squa re
virgin plastics) s ha pes are man ufact ured

.,
• Encouraging GmbH, Germany from recycled plastics.
conservationof (} • Recycled content 32 ]
timberresources WKRAltkunst- 326
stoffproduktions-
Recydur" u. Vertriebsgesell-
Plastic profiles schaftmbH,
Square profiles and sta kes
A ra nge of profiles is Germany
a re mad e ent irely from
• Recycled content 32]
ma nufactured from recycled plasti cs. ~

.,
recycled plastics.

JosefMeeth
Fensterfabrik
318 e LSRGmbH
Recycling-
Zentrum,
32 0

GmbH CJ( Ca. KG, Plaswood Germany

Germany
• Recycledcontent 32 ]
~ polypro pylene - 30 per cent
Plasticsheeting,
tubing and profiles
This company makes a
range of sheeting fo r
• Recycledcontent 327
Recla ime d polythene an d
~
waste from supermarkets
and 70 per cent production
Plastic profiles
factory waste - are
and stakes
reblended into extrude d
profiles suita ble for uses Pla nks, square profi les and
requ iring tough , rot-free stakes are fabricated from
Plastic lumber

., .,
construction and other ma terials . recycled plastics .
uses, tu bing and round Commi ngled , recycled
profiles from recycled Dumfries Plastics 3 Re-Reluma plastics are extr ude d into
'5 323
plastics. Recycling GmbH, Germany a variety of recta ngu lar
• Recycled
~ 32 ] ,
~
• Recycledcontent 32 ] sec tions, mak ing an
e MGSLGmbH,
Germany
320

• Recycled content 32 ]
matetiat:
• Reductionin
embodiedenergy
330 ,
34°
alterna tive ma te rial for
trad itional uses s uch as
~ (compared with Plastic profiles de cking a nd outdo or
virgin plastics)
• Encouraging
conservation of
timberresources
Con su mer was te is the
prima ry co nst ituen t of a
ran ge of plastic profiles
.,
furnit ure .

Yemm ei Hart,
USA
326

• Recycledcontent 32]
su itable for furniture.
~
~
Environ mental sto ne
Floor tiles, wall panelling
and paving stones are
fabricated from 10 0 per
cent-recycl ed glass.
.,
Enviranmental 316
Stone Products,
USA
• Recyded 327
~ materials
Faswall
WastewOod dust and
particles a re combined with
concrete to create high-
densitypa nels, tiles and
.,
ready-mad e wallsections .
insulhoiz-Beton 3'8,
Intern ational, 319
inc.]K-X Industries,
Inc., USA
• Recyded content 327
~ Various
High-pe rformance
ceramics
Advances in ceramics
technology have
enabled f ne-tolerance
rnanufacturing of
everyth ing from parts
for car engines to
superconductors and fibres
for reinforcement. Alumina,
titanium, carbide and rare
earth minerals such as
zirconia bond with the
clay particles to form very
tough composites. The
composites can be formed
by slip casting, sintering
and even a form of
injection-moulding, so they
can be applied to diverse
manufacturing ends.
Some Ceramic composites
are lightweight and so
offerpotentiai savings in
energy consumption when
applied to power units
and/or mobility or
transport products.
e Various
• Very durableand 328,
~ inert 329
• Potentialenergy
savings in the
usagephaseofa
product
Ecoplast
Europol manufactures a
range of recycled plastics
entirely from material
discarded by consumers to
create injection-moulding
grades of HDPE, LDPE, PP,
HIPS and ABS and a blow-
.,
moulding grade of HDPE.
Europol, UK 316
• Recycledcontent 327
~ amount of mass that has to
FirstGl ow
These glass beads shed a
luminous glow after the
illuminating light source
has been switched off.
Road markings and lighting
systems are suitable
applications of this new
.,
materials technology.
Product 2 0 0 0 Ltd, 322
UK
• Energy-efficient 329
~ lighting material
Lightweight metals -
metal matrix
com posites, metal
foams , lightalloys
With advances in
technology it is now
possible to produce very
lightweight but strong
metals. The first group,
light alloys, such as
aluminium, magnesium,
titanium and berylli um, are
well known and availablein
a diverse selection of
profiles, sheets and cast
forms. The second group,
metal foams, are specialist
foamed aluminium, varying
in density from high to ultra- ... .
low, which are suitable for
applications where weight- ' . ,
saving is critical to a
product's performance.
The final group, metal ,: . . ' . · .' f
matrix composite s, t '. ".
includes substances such I
" f,
:.-.
as alumina (fibre- or
particulate-reinforced),
a'"
boron, carbon, iron or
Syndecrete"
silicon carbide bonded in Syndecrete" is a chemically
a matrix of aluminium or inert, zero out-gasing,
magnesium. All these concrete-like material
lightweight metals are composed of cement and
high-embodied-energy up to 41 per cent recycled
materials but can potentially
significantly improve energy
efficiency in the usage phase
of a product by reducing the
or recovered materials from
industrial or consume r
waste, Typical wastes
include HDPE, crushed
recycled glass, wood chips
.,
be moved. and brass screw shavings.
Pulverized fly ash (PFA), a
waste residue from coal-
fired power stations , is
• Strong, 328 ,
~ lightweight, 329
added to reduce the cement
requirement by up to '5
tough
per cent and recovered
• Potentialenergy
savingsinthe polypropylene fibre scrap
usagephaseofa provides a 3-D matrix to
product increase the tens ile strength
of this com posite recyclate
concrete. It is eas ily worked
and polished to create a
.,
contem poraryterrazzo look,
Syndesis,lnc., 32 4
USA
• Recycled
~
327,
materialsusage 34°
• Reductionin
embodied energy
ofmanufacture
Safeglass .Certifiedasa
recycledproduct
This special glass breaks bythe
into harmless pieces when Californians
shattered, making it ideally Against Waste
suited to any application Foundation
where there is a risk of
.,
impact.
Safeglass 323
(Europe) Ltd, UK
• Improved health 328
~ and saf ery
Polymers

Agro Plastic Biopol' " Correx NHoOl

Agro Plastic is
polypropylene or
polyethylene manufactured
using a filler derived from
wheat straw. It was jointly
developed by PTI and the
USDA Forest Products
Laboratory.
The polymer structure of
Bio pol' " breaks down when
exposed to ultraviolet light.
The actual mate rial is
PHBV, which is not a
biodegradable polymer
since it is not compostable
by biological agents and
when it degrades remains
This lightweight twin-
walled PP sheet is made
from 10 0 per cent
production and customers'
returned waste. It is
utilized for packaging,
self-assemblysto rage
systems and tree shelters.
NHoOl fabric has
similar performance
characteristics to PVC
(polyvinyl chloride) but
the re are no emission s of
chlorides, phthalates or
other toxic compounds
during the manufacture or
use of NHoOl. For this

e
., e
Pinnacle 32 2 as fine particles. Correx Plastics, 34 reason it replaced PVC as
Technology,Inc. UK '
the roofing mate rial for the
(PT/), USA • Recycled
ICI Americas, 318 (} 32 7 Millennium Dome ,

.,
(} • Renewable and 32 7 USA materials
London.
biodegradable • Rapidphysical
components (} degradingaf
330
EcoClear"
Carrington 314
materialat the
EcoClear"' is a resin and Peiformance
endofitslife
film made from recycled Fabrics, UK
PET, which is suitable for (} • Cleaner 327
Rubber granulate production
beverage and food

.,
This company packaging.
manufactures rubber
granulate, o.yrnrnto 30mm Wellman inc.,
Plastic sheeting
326
(0.0 2 to o.i in) diameter USA This sheeting is
• Recycled content 327
particles, from 100 per (} manufactu red from
cent-reclaimed scrap tyres. recycled plastics and is a
The granulate can be suitable grade for
bonded with virgin natural construction use.
Bionelle"
or synthetic rubber and
Bionelle" polymer is
physically degraded by the
elastomers and is ideal for
play su rfaces or other uses e ORBITAFilm
GmbH, Germany
32 1

.,
• Recycledcontent 327
action of ultraviolet light to reduce impact damage . (}
and mechanical agents .
Charles Lawrence 314
Recycling Ltd, UK
e Showa
HighpolymerCo.,
Japan
324
(} • Recycled
materials
327

(} • Degradable 327
 Polymers
Biosynthetic polymers

USSC manufactures a
range of specialist
polyurethane foams using
soybean oil. Like synthetic
PU, the USSC foams are
suitable for everything from
loose-fill packaging and
furnishing to panels and aro

., 3ro
shoe componen ts.
Santoprene®
c...
Santoprenee is cross-linked Urethane Soy 325 ~
polypropylene (PP) and
ethylene-polypropylene-
diene-monomer (EPD M) ~
SystemsCompany
(USSC).USA
• Renewable 32 7
--
ro
Vl
o
;:+>
content
rubberwith a soft, yielding
texturesuitable for
moulding components for
hand-held equipment. Its
inherent qualities improve
usability in items ranging
fromcameras to ski sticks
but its specialist nature
means disassembly of
Santoprene" parts is
essential to prevent
contamination of pure-
gradewaste streams .

e Advanced
Elastomer
Systems LP., USA
3' 2

(} • Improveduser 329
comfort

Styradex, Propadex
Syradex is made from
recycled polystyrene (PS);
Propadex uses recycled
polypropylene (PP). Most
materials are sourced from
production waste (98 per
cent) and small quanities
from post-consu mer waste

.,
(2 per cent).

Styradex Plastics 324

Recycling, UK
(} • Recycled content 32 7
Paints
paints and varnishes in
the world, with zero VOC
content, independently
., Nordsjo (Akzo
NobeIOekorativ),
Sweden
• EUeco-label
321

Biora
Biora is a range of water-
based acrylicresins
suitable for application to
walls, ceilings and other
interior surfaces. Qualifying
for the EU eco-Iabel, these
eight paints and varnishes
offer a reduction in a
variety of environmental
impacts of conventional
paints , especially VOCs
and toxic ingredients.
328,
tested bythe US EPA
and the Swedish National
~ ensuringlow 339,
VOCsand 341
Testing & Research Institute. generalreduction
The Ecos range is, however, in toxicity
based upon synthetic resins, • Manufactured
albeit non-allergenic, with clean
harmless resins, processed technology/
from crude oil, so it is not eco-efficiency
practices Pinturas Proa
from a renewable source .
A range of wate r-borne,
e Lakeland Paints,
UK
• Free of VOCs
319 vinyl polymer inte rior
paints cont aining less than
~ and vinyl
34 1 45 per cent volatiles is
certified with an EU
chloride eco-Iabel. The company
is also registe red with
the Spanish eco-Iabel
certification authority,
AENOR, and participates
in the Punto Verde (Green
Dot) packaging disposa l
Keim paints

.,
Teknos Tranemo are also scheme.
certified to ISO 9001 and Allthe paints
ISO 14°°1 and are working manufactu red by Keim use Pinturas Proa, 322
with the Swedish Paint inorganic mate rials that are Spain
• EUeco-lobel 327,
Makers Organization to abu ndant in the geos phere, (} • Reductionin 328,
develop tools, such as including potassium
Inneta k and Bind op last volatiles 339,
Iifecycle analysis, to make silicate binders, mineral
• Recycled and 341

.,
further improvements . At the paint man ufactu ring
plant at Malmo, Sweden,
Teknos Tronemo, 32 5 Akzo Nobel produce over
Sweden 30 million litres (6.6 million
• Cleaner
~
327 , gallons) of decorat ive
production 339 coatings and 16 million
• EUeco-label
ensuringlow
Iitres (3.5 million gallons)
toxicity of of industrial coatings.
constituents Since '995 the com pany
has set itself a series of
environmental ta rgets, such
as red ucing the emissions
of so lvents to the air by 50
per cent between 19 95 and
19 99 and reducing the tota l
energy consum ption per
litre of paint manu factured
fillers and earth oxide recyclable
colour pigments. Granita l packaging
is an exte rior paint with
a range of 350 colours
suitable for all mineral
substrates, Concreta l
protects concrete against
corrosion and Biosil is a
water-borne, silicate-based
paint suitable for interior
applications. Ecosil is a
recently introduced
interior-quality paint, which
is water-based, contai ns no
chemical solvents and is
VOC-free. Keim are
certified to ISO '4001 and

Ecos
This comp any claims to
manufacture the only
solvent-free odo urless
.,
by 5 per cent between 19 95 ISO 90 01.
and 2000 . Innetak and
Bindoplast are decorative, KeirnMineral 319
water-based emul sion Paints Ltd, UK
paints, which were the first • Use ofabundant 32 7
brand in Europe to receive
~ inorganic
the EU eco-Iabel. materials
• Non-toxic
 Miscellaneous

ChapcO®Safe-Set
The adhesives in this
professional range are low
in VOCs, non-flammable,
non-toxic and anti-
microbial and contain
no hazardous ingredients
as defined bythe
Occupational Safety
and Health Administration Home Strip Laybond Qu ickstick
(OSHA) Regulations . All Green
products are packaged in Powerful solvents, usually
recycled plastic containers methylene chloride This synthetic rubber/res in
with printed labels on (dichloromethane or emulsion is a gene ral-
recycled paper including OCM), are used in purpose contact adhes ive
OSHA data on safety. conventional paint suitable for wall or floor

., Chicago Adhesive 314

Product'
Compony, USA
st rippers. OCM is a skin
irritant and is highly
volatile, the fumes inducing
narcotic effects , and it has
coverings and other
applications where a bond
is required to aluminium,
concrete, plaster, steel and
• Non-toxic and 327, recently been classified as a timber. Quickstick Green
0 sofe 328 Category3 carcinogen by is water-based, non-
• Recycled the EU. Home Strip is flammable and is much
pockaging
OCM - and solvent-free, is safer to handle than
materials
water-based and doesn't solvent-based adhesives

DasicAerostrip 323
Thiswater-based paint
stripper was developed
specifically for the
aeronautics industry but
.,
give off fumes, yet is just as with VOCs.
effective at removing layers
of paint or varnish. Laybond Product, 319
Ltd, UK
• Non-toxic
e Eco Solution,. UK 315

• Reductionof
~ 327

is suitable for removal of

~ toxicityand
327
paint from metals and

.,
emissions
metal alloys.

Dosie 315
International Ltd,
UK
0 • Reduction in
emissionsof
32 9.
341
VOC,
• Improved health
ond,afety
Textiles
Brass Cloth
Wove n text iles com bining
meta ls a nd nat ural or
synthetic yarns are
te xturally and visually
striking and offer the
designe r new possibilities
with s hapes and ta iloring .
Brass Cloth , des igned
by Re iko Sudo , Japa n, is
part of the Metal series
manufactured by Nuno and
consists of 40 per cent
cotton and 60 per ce nt
brass from recycled wire.
NunoCorporation, J21
(»
Japan
• Metal
~ component ;s
32 ]
recyclable
ComforTemp
' Phase Change' tec hno logy
is use d in space
applications to
control temperatures.
Microcapsules woven
into fabrics moderate
temperatures by changing
from so lids to liquid s. As
they convert from solids to
liquids they absorb bod y
heat and , conversely, when
they solid ity they release
heat , which is reabsorbed
by the body. ComforTemp
fabric is pleasantly
tactile , comfortable to
wear and illustrates
poss ible de velopments
in textiles that can
respond intelligently to
their sur roundings.
SchollerTextil, 323
(» Switzerland
• Potentialhealth 329
~ andsafety
improvements
Eco'Spu n'"
Wellman is one of
the world 's leading
man ufact ures of yarn
an d textiles using PET
fro m recycled drinks bott les.
Wellman supply the
furnishing and clothing
industries, including
Patagonia, the outdoor
clothing com pany. Ecos pun"
is a spec ialist fibre made
usin g recycled plastics.
Wellman,lnc., 326
(» USA
• Recycledcontent 32]
~
ElexTex™
Cond uctive fibres are wove n
with traditional , natu ral
yarns to create a flexible
textile su itable for a variety
of applications such as
electronic clothing, roll-up
keyboa rds and so on .
Eiectrotextiles Ltd, 315
(» UK
• Dualfunction
~ material
329
Otterskin
This 100 per cent-polyester,
non -woven , needle-
punched fabric is made
from recycled PET bottles.
A surface coati ng of
polyureth an e prov ides
wind- and water-proofing,
yet t he material is
breathable and retains
body heat.
NunoCorporation, 32 1
(» Japan
,~ • Recycled 32 ]
materials
Play ItAgain Sam
DesignTex is a lead ing
man ufact urer of fu rnis hing
fabrics . Play It Again Sam
is a polyester fabric ma de
entirely of fibres from
recycled PET bottles .
DesignTex, Inc., 315
(» USA
• Recycled
~ materials
32 ]
Stomatex
Stomatex is a breat hab le
fabric ma de of a
com binatio n of neo prene
an d polyeth ylen e, which
mim ics tra nsp iration, the
process of evaporation
of moisture from leaves.
Pe rs piration vapou r
generated by the activity
of the wearer is co llected
in sma ll dep ressions on
th e ins ide of th e fabric.
At eac h depress ion a tiny
pore provides an exit fo r
the vapour to the externa l
environment. Stomatex
is act ivate d only when
sufficie nt bod y perspi ration
is ge nerated, so this is a
res ponsive, 'smart' textile.
Micro Thermal 320
(»
Systems, UK
• Improved
~ personal health
329
withbreathable
fabric
 Textiles
Trevira NSKjTrevira CS Velcro" w
N
This is a fabric made from Velcro" is a combination ;ni
two types of polyester yarn, of two nylon fabrics, one
,.,
::r
Trevira NSK, which gives woven with a surface of :::s
o
strength , and Trevira (S , hooks and the other with a Vl

which acts as a flame smooth surface with loops. "::r

Terratex
Made entirely of recycled
pET recycled plastic
bottles, Terratex is a tough,
versatile, recyclable fabric
forfurnishing and similar
rtl
retardant. Being 100 per When juxtaposed the ~
cent polyeste r, it can be two fabrics adhere as -i
rtl
reworked by pleating, the hooks take up in the
~.
dyeing and printing but has loops, creating a strong ro
Vl
the in-built advantage of 'adhes ive' bond.
not requiring a flame-proof
coating. It is entirely Velcro, USA 325
recyclable.
«)
• Temporary
~ bonding system
330
e TreviraGmbH '" 325
allowingreuse of

.,
applications. Co. KG, Germany
textiles
• Recyclable
Inteiface Fabrics 3,8 ~ • Cleaner
327
International,
technalaIN
UK/USA
iFDesignAward,
~
• Recycled and
recyclable
327 4 2000
332

materials
Therrna-Po re, T her rn a-
Float, Therma-Foil
This company produces
a range of specialist
breathable fabrics suitable
for sports applications
and survival in extreme
conditions. Therrna-
Poreis a breathable
fabric , Therma-Flo at a
'high-buoyancy insulating
materialand Therma-Foil a
lightweight foam insulator
bonded to foil.
Therma·Flaat Ltd, 325
0 UK
~ • Improved health 32 9
andsafety
Tyvek
With its durability and high
chemical resistance, Tyvek
was originally developed
by DuPont for protective
clothing but has since been
used for haute-couture
fashion and as a paper
substit ute for envelopes,
stationery and various
printed media. Tyvek is
fully recyclable.
DuPont, USA 3'5
«)
• Recyclable 327
~ synthetic
material
 Designers, Designer-makers
Abbate Cinzia
.j>.
for t he Italian Ener gy
0 Au th o rity: O fficin e
;:0
<1l d i Arch itettura d i
1Il
0 Cinz ia Abb ate
<:
Piazz a S. Anastasia 3
n
<1l 00186 Rome , Italy
1Il
T +39 (0)66796498
F +39 (0)6 69783038
E cinzia.abbate@flashnet.it
Ac kon , Gabriele
see David Zyne
Prod uct ions, U K
Ad Rem Design
Indust riest rasse 25
CH3076 Wo rb , Switzerland
T +4' (0)31 83207 10
F +4' (0)3' 83207 14
AeroVironment
Corp or ate HQ
825 S. M yrtl e D r.
Monrovia . CA 91016, USA
T +1 626 3579983
F +1 6263599628
www.aerovironment.com
Ake ler Developments pic
20 Berkeley Squ are
Londo n WI X 5HD, UK
T +44 (0)20 7864 1800
F +44 (0)20 78641801 / 2
www.akeler.co.uk
Alaska Center for
Appropriate Technology
851 E. We st Point Drive
# 206
Wasilla . AK 9965 4 , U SA
Amato , John ;
Me t a MorfDes ign
270 0 4 th Avenu e South
Seattl e, WA 98134. USA
T +12069036332
F +1 2062230853
E colin@metamorfdesign.com
And ringa,Jacqueline
Desig n Academ y Eindhoven
Emmastngel iz
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
N etherland s
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)4023939 40
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
Anthologie Quartett
49152 Bad Essen, Germany
T +49 (0)5472 94090
F +49 (0)5472 940940
www.anthologiequartett.de
Apotheloz, Christophe
Industrial Designer
S
Lb rgern st rasse 27
CH8037 Zu rich. Switze rlan d
T +4' (0)13615147
F +41 (0)1361 5197
Arai, Junichi
see N un o Corp orat ion
Aros io , Pietro
Stud io Piet ro Ar o sio
Via Gaetano Giardino 2/A
20053 Mu gg io (M I)
Italy
T +39 (0)39793237
F +39 (0)39 278 1088
E studio@pietroarosio.it
Arzuaga, Amaya
Irun Km 2025
°934° Lerm a Bur go s
M adrid, Spain
E info@amayaarzuaga.com
www.amayaarzuaga.com
Atfield, Jane
244 Gr ays Inn Ro ad
London WC1X81R, UK
T +44 (0)20 72786971
F +44 (0)2078330018
Azumi, Shin and Tomoko
Grou nd Flo or
953 Finchl ey Road
Lond on NW11 7PE. U K
T +44 (0)20 87319057
F +44 (0)20 87317496
E shin.tomoko.azumi@nifty.ne.jp
http:/ / member.nifty.ne·ip/
AZUMII
Baccarne Des ign
Baccarn e bvba
Gentb ruggekouter
9050 Gent, Belgium
T +32(0)9 232 44 21
F +32(0)923244 30
E bacca rne@planeLinternet.be
Bakker, Erik
Design Academ y Eindhoven
Emmasmgel ia
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
N etherlands
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)402393940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
Bally, Boris
Atelier Bo ris Bally
Th e Rug Build ing
3421 Bigelow Blvd
Pitt sbur gh, PA 15213
USA
T +1412 682 811 8
F +1412682 7244
E Bad4Borr@aol.com
Ban , Shigeru
5-2-4 M atsub ara Ban Bld g
1FI, Seta gaya
Tokyo ' 56, Japa n
T +81 (0)333246760
F +81 (0)333246789
www.dnp.co·jp/ millennium/ sb/
van.html
Bansod, Abh ijit
Titan Indu strie s Ltd
Tower A. Go lden Enclave
Air port Ro ad
Bangalore 560 017. Indi a
T +9' 80526855'
Bar + Knell
7 Untere Turmga sse
7420 6 Bad Wi m pen
Germ any
T +49 (0) 7063 6891
F +49 (0) 7063 6980
E Baerknell@aol.com
www.baer-knell.de
Barlow-Lawson, Stephen
Grou nd Sup po rt
Eq uip m ent (US) Ltd
11 Broadway, Room 10 10
N ew York, NY 10004. USA
T 888302·DESKI
+1 212809 4323
F +12128094324
E steve@bi omorph.com
www.biomorphdesk.com
Baroli, Luigi
c/o Baleri Italia
Via F. Cavallo tt i 8
20 122 M ilan , It aly
T +39 (0)27601 46 72
F +39 (0)2760144 '9
E info@baleri-italia.com
Bartsch Design
Indus trial Design GbR
Philipp-M uller-St rasse 12
239 66 Wisma r
Germ any
T +49 (0)3841 758160
F +49 (0)3841 758161
Bergne, Sebastian
Bergne De sign fo r
Manufactu re
2 Ing ate Place
London sw8 3NS
UK
T +44 (0)20 76223333
F +44 (0)2076223336
E bergne.dfm@mailbox.co.uk
Berk owitz, Adam
c/o Ar bor Vi tae (see p. 312)
www.time.comftimefreports/
environment/heroes/ gallery
Bernabei, Rina
52 Regent Stre et
Paddington , NSW 202 1
Au st ralia
Bernard Kerr and
Pejack Campbell
c/ o Solar Cooke rs
International
1919 zrst St, Suite 101
Sacram ento. CA95814
U SA
T +19164554498
F +19164554498
E sbci@igc.apc.org
www.solarcooking.org
Bernett, Jeffrey
c/o Cap pell in i Arte/Capel lini
SpA (see p. 314)
Berthier, Marc
Design Plan St ud io
141 Bd St M ichel
75° ° 5 Paris
France
T +33 (0)143 26 49 97
F +33 (0)143 26 5462
E dpstudio@wanadooJr
Besse, He dda
see IDEO Product
Develo p ment for BP
Solar Inte rnational
BEST
Bur o fu r Produktgesta lt ung
Am Brogel i c
422 83 W up pertal
Germ any
T +49 (0)202 88595
F +49 (0)202 899 355
Bey, Jurgen
Passerelsstraat 44A
'3 0 23 ZD Rotterda m 1
Netherlands
T +3' (0)10 4258792
F +3' (0)104259437
E bey@luna.nl
Bill Dunster Arch itects
Zed facto ry
Hope H ou se
Molember Road
East Molesey
Surre y KT8 9NH, U K
T +44 (0)20 8339 1242
F +44 (0)2083390429
E bill.dunster@btinternet.com
www.zedfaetory.com
BioRegi onal
Development Gr ou p
The Ecology Centre
H oneywood Wa lk
Carshalton
Surr ey SM5 3NX, UK
T +44 (0)20 8773 2322
F +44 (0)20 8773 2878
E info@bioregional.com
www.bioregional.com

Blanca, Oscar Tusquets
c/o Escofet 1886 SA
Ronda Universitat 20
E08007 Barcelona, Spain
T +34 (0)93 3,8 5050
F +34 (0)934124465
E escofet@escofet.com
www.escofet@escofet.com
Blejer, Danilea, an.d
Bostelmann, Saskia
148 Salvador Arditt i
Sierra Chalchihie 175
IBlsA 50'
Lomas de Cahpultepec c.P.
11 000 Mexico City. Mexico
Boeri, Cini
c/o Fiam Italia SpA
Via Ancona l/B
61010 Tavullia, Pesoro, Italy
T +39 (0)721 200 51
F +39 (0)721 202 432
E fiam @fiam italia.it
www .flam italia.it
Boner, [org
N2 Switzerland
TtF +4' (0)616934015
E n2@n2design.ch
www.n2design.ch
Boontje, Tord
tranSglass, Studio '9
33 Rushworth Street
London SEl ORB, UK
TtF +44(0)20726, 9315
Bredahl, PiI, and
Risell, Liselott e
Denmark
Epilbredahl@get2nel.dk
Bristow, Stuart
c/o Designed to a ' t' Ltd
11 Maxwell Gds
Orpington
Ken t BR6 9QR, UK
T +44 (0)1689 831400
F +44 (0)1689 609301
www.daat.demon.co.uk
Breess, Alfons
Design Academy Eindhoven
Emmasingel1 4
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +31(0)40239 3939
F +3' (0)40 239 3940
E info@designacademy.nl
wWW.designacademy.nl
Brown, Julian
Studio Brown
6 Princes Buildings
George Street
Bath BAl 2EO, UK
T +44(0)1225 481735
F +44(0)1225 481737
E julian@ studiobrown.co m
Buchner Design Studio
1030 Quesada Avenue
San Francisco, CA 94'24, USA
Burkhardt , Roland
c/o Sunways Gesellschaft
fur Solartechnik mb H
Macairestrasse 5
78467 Konstanz, Germany
T +49(0)753' 99677 0
F +49(0)7531 99677 10
E info@sunways.de
www.sunways.de
Buro fur Form
Hans-Sachs-Strasse 12
80469 M unich, Germany
T +49 (0)8926949000
F +49 (0)89 2694 9002
E meekepburofurform.de
www.burofurform.de
Buro fur Praduktgestaltung
Brendstrasse 83
75'79 pforzheim , Germany
T +49 (0)7231 442 " 5
E f-neuberteps.direktnet.de
Cahen, Antoine
Les Ateliers du Nord/
Antoine Cahen
PI. du Nord 2
CH 1005 Lausanne
Switzerland
T +4' (0)21 3205807
F +4' (0)213205843
Eantoine.cahen@atelierdunord.ch
Campana, Fernando and
Humberto
Cam pana Objetos Ltda
Rua Barao de Tatui 21 9
Sao Paulo 01226030
Brazil
T +55 (0)11 8253408
+55 (0)11 36674317
F +55 (0)11 825 3408
Carrasco, Pedro
Rua da Liberdade 37
10 Esq 2800
Cova da Piedade, Portugal
Chadwick, Don, and
Stumpf, Bill
Herman Mille r, Inc.
855 East Main Ave
PO Box 302
Zeeland, MI 49464-03°2, USA
www.hermanmiller.com
Chalayan, Hussain
Studio B, 1st Floor
71 Endell Street
London WC2H 9AI, UK
F +44 (0)2072405220
Designers, Designer-makers
Champi an, Brian
c/o International Design
Resource Awards (IDRA)
Design Re source Institute
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Seattle, WA 98177. USA
T +1206289 0949
F +1 2067893144
www.designresource.org
Clerkin, Carl
Domestic Hardware
F1 2-4 Southgate Road
London Nl 311. UK
Tt F +44(0)20 7249202'
Coates, Nigel
Branson Coates Architecture
23 Old Street
London Eel V 9HL, UK
T +44 (0)2074900343
F +44 (0)2074900320
Colwell, David
c/o Trannon Furniture
Limited
Chilhampton Farm
Wilton, Salisbury
Wilts SP2 OAB, UK
T +44(0)17 22 744 577
F +44(0)1722744477
E info @trannon.com
www.trannon.com
Connell, Christopher
c/o MAP (Merchants of
Australia Products) Pty Ltd
570 Chapel Street
Sth Yarra, Melbourn e
Victoria 3' 4' , Australia
Constans ia, Conn ie
Design Academy Eindhoven
Emmasingel ia
PO Box 21 25
5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)402393940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
Conti, Jean-Remi
Design Academy Eindhoven
Emrnasingel ia
PO Box2125
_ 5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)40239 3939
F +3' (0)40239 3940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
Corkran, Julius T,
and Harp, Alan
Center for Rehabilit ation
Technology
College of Architecture
Georgia Institute of
Technology .p.
USA 0
:<J
Cram er, Dan (l)
V1
Golden Valley, M innesota 0
c/o International Design c
Resource Awards (IDRA)
n
(l)
V1
Design Resource Institute
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Seattle,WA 98177, USA
T +1 206289 0949
F +' 2067893'44
www.designresource.org
Culpepper, Michael
M ichael Culpepper
Architect
2216West Addison Street
Chicago,IL 60618, USA
da Silva, Ronalda Edson
c/ o Papa-papel, Brazil
De Denktank
(Design Studio) Rotterd am
Netherlands
de Haas, Marit
c/o Design Academy
Eindhoven
Ernmasingel ia
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)40 2393939
F +3' (0)40 239 3940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
De Jonghe, Marc
Orso Design
Antwerp, Belgium
www.orso.be
de Klerk, Sander
c/ o Design Academy
Eindhoven
Em masingel 14
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)402393940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
de Leede, Annelies
Oak Product Design,
Netherlands
c/o International Design
Resource Awards (IDRA)
Design Reso urce Institute
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Seattle, WA 98177. USA
T +1 2062890949
F +12067893144
www.designresource.org
@
 Designers, Designer-makers
Deka Research &
~
Development (USA)
0 www.indetech.com
;;0
ro Design Academy Eindhoven
VI
0 Ernrnasingel i a
s::
n
ro
PO Box 21 25
VI 5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)40 239 3939
F +3' (0)40 2393940
Einfo@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
Designed to a 't'
11 Maxwell Gardens
Orpington
Kent 6R6 9QRUK
T +44(0)1689831400
F +44(0)1689609301
www.daat.demon.co.uk
Designteam , Hameln
c/o Vorwerk & Co.
Teppichwerke Gmb H
& Co. KG
Kulhmanstrasse 11
31785 Hameln
Germany
T +49 (0)5'5' 103a
F+49 (0)5 5 103377
' '
www.vc rwerk-tepprch.de
Deuber, Christ ian
N2 Buro
Breisacherstr. 64
CH 4057 Basel, Switzerland
T +4' (0)61 693 4011
Ditzel, Nanna
c/o Fredericia Furniture A/S
Treldevej 183
7000 Fredericia, Denmark
T +45 (olls 92 33 44
F+45 (0)75 9238 76
E ml@fredericia.com
www.fredericia.com
Dixon, Robert
c/o Advanced Vehicle Design
L&M Business Park
Norman Road
Altri ncham, Cheshire
WA14 4E5, UK
T +44(0)161 9285575
F +44(0)161 9285585
E sales@windcheetah.co.uk
www.windcheetah.co.uk
Dixon, Tom
c/o Cappellin i
Arte/Capellini SpA
Via Marcon i 35
22060 Arosio, Italy
T +39 (0)3' 759 111
F +39 (0)31 763322/763333
Ecappellini@cappellini.it
www.cappellini.it
@
Dolp hin-W ilding, Julienn e
34 Cecil Rhodes House
Goldi ngton Street
London NWI l UG, UK
T +44(0)207380 0950
F +44(0)207252 1778
E dolphin@julienne.demon.co.uk
www.julienne.demon.co.uk
Domus Academy
Via Savona 97
20144 Milan
Italy
Doug an, Brian
Dept of Indu str ial Design
University of Southwest
Louisiana
Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
c/ o International Design
Resource Awards (IDRA)
Design Resource Institut e
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Seattle, WA 98177. USA
T +I 206 289 0949
F +1206 789 31 44
www.designresource.org
Dougherty, Brian
Celery Design Collaborative
23156 Prince Street
Berkeley, CA 94715
USA
T +1 5106497155
T +1510 8486716
E info@celerydesign.com
www.celerydesign.com
Douglas-Miller, Edward
c/o Remarkable Pencils Ltd
World s End Studios
' 34 Lot s Road
London SWlO OR)
UK
T +44(0)207351 4333
T +44(0)207352 4729
E info@re-markable.com
Dranger , Jan
Dranger Design AB
Stor a Skuggans Vag 11
11 54 2 Stockholm
Sweden
T +46 (0)8153 929
F +46(0)8153 926
E jan.dranger@newsab.se
Droog Design
Keizersgracht 518
1017 EKAm sterdam
Netherlands
T 03' (0)206269809
F031 (0)20638 8828
Egbakkengixsaall.nl
Dryden Research Center
USA
www.dfre.nasa.gcv
Dyson, James Fleetwood , Roy
Dyson Appliances Roy Fleetwood Ltd
c/o 20 Shawfield Street Offi ce for Design Strategy
London sw3460, UK 1 St John's Innovation Park
T +44(0)20 78838244 Cowley Road
www.dyson.com Cambri dge c64 4NS, UK
E+Z Design T +44 (0)1223 240 074
Eroy.fleetwood@fleetv.oodlnc.com
at Retrospace
1824 Grand Blvd FortuneCook ies
Kansas City, MO 64108, USA [jacob Jurgensen Ravn)
Denmark
Ecke: Design
E jacob@fortunecookies.dk
Albrecht Ecke
Am Neuen Markt 10 Foster and Partners
14467 Potsdam, Germ any Riverside Three
T +49 (0)33' 2803885 22 Hester Road
F +49 (0)33' 2803890 London SW11 4AN, UK
E ecked esign@snafu.de T +44(0)2077380455
www.eckedesign.de www.fosterandparters.com
EI Ultimo Grito Fritsch, Antoin e
Studio 8 c/o Hermes
23-28 Penn Street 28 Ruedu Faubourg
London Nl 50L, UK St Hono re
T +44(0)20 77391009 75008 Paris, France
F+44(0)20 7739 2009 T +33 (0)1 42 65 0337/
E grito@ btinternet.com +33 (0)1 40 1747 I)
Enlund , Teo FrogDesign
c/o Simplicitas Torstrasse 105-107
Grevgatan 19 10119 Berlin
11452 Stockholm, Sweden Germany
T +46(0)8 66100 91
T +49 (0)3041 714a
F +46 (0)866100 97
F +40 (0)3041714 36
www.sirnplicitas.se
www.frogdesign.com
Erik Krogh Design GAAN GmbH
Denmar k Sonneggstrasse 76
Eerkr@dk-designskole.dk CH 8006 Zurich
Espmark, Erik Switzerland
c/o Royal Institute T +4' (0)1 363 52 00
ofTechno logy (KTH) F +4' (0)136352aS
Nada Einfo@gaan.ch
100 44 Stockholm www.gaan.ch
Sweden Gardere, Adrien
www.nada.kth.se Cardere Design
Ettenheim Design 49 Rue au Mai re
(George Ettenheim) 75003 Paris
41 Market Str eet France
Venice, CA 9029 1, USA Gasser, Danny and Michael
Feilden Clegg Architects Hort, Ben Sheperd and
Bath Brewery Quisinh Tran
Toll Bridge Road c/o 5/60 c RaglanStreet
Bath 6Al 70E, UK Mo sman NSW 2088,
T +44 (0)1225852 545 Australia
F+44 (0)1225852528 Gehry, Frank 0 ,
Feo, Roberto Frank o. Gehry &
EI Ultimo Grito Associates Inc
Studio 8 1520-B Cloverfleld
23-28 Penn Street Bou levard
London Nl 50L, UK Santa Mon ica, CA 90404
T +44(0)2077391009 USA
F+44(0)20 7739 2009 T +1 310 828 6088
E grito@btinternet.com F+1310 828 2098

Girand. Ann and
Champian, Brian
730 East8th, #3
Moscow, 10 83843 , USA
gmp_Architekten
von Gerkan Marg und Partner
Elbchaussee 139
22763 Hamburg, Germany
T +49 (0)4 0 88 '5 0
' E reeel@pl anet. nl
F +49 (0)4 0 88 '5 177
' IBM Personal Systems
E hamburg-e@gmp-
archltekten.de
www.gmp·architekten.de
Grcic, Konstantin
Konstantin Grcic
Industrial Design
Schillerstrasse 40/ 11 Rgb
80336 Munich, Germany
Griffiths , Jason
Higher Tideford Cornworthy
Totnes, Devon
TQ9 7Hl, UK
T +44 (0)1803712 387
F +44 (0 )1803 712 388
GrOne, Ralf and Dallas Grove
PaloAlto Products
International
567 University Avenue
Palo Alto, CA 943°1
USA
T +1 650 327 9444
F +1 6503279446
Grunert, Pawel
c/o Alicja Trusiewicz
Via Bramante 22/L
06100 Perugia, Italy
T/F +39 (0)75 572 6470
E alicjet@t in.it
Guixe, Marti
Cala bria 252
8029 Barcelona, Spain
T/F +34 (0)9 3 322 5986
E in(o@guixe.com
WWW.guixe.com
Haberli, Alfredo, and
Marchand, Christophe
c/o Danese sri/A lias sri
Via dei Videttei 2
Grumello del Monte
24064 Bergamo, Italy
T +39 (0)35 442 0 240
F +39 (0)35442 09 96
Hatton, Pamela
58 Hardel Walk
London SW2 2QE, UK
T +44 (0 )20 8674 9618
Hereford & Worcester
County Council
Technical Services Department
County Hall
Spetchley Road
Worcester WR5 2NP, UK
T+44 (0)190 5 766 422
Hermann, Anette ,
Designer MOD
Dampfae rgevej 27-305
OK2100 Copenhagen
Denmark
T/F +45 (0)355 5 " 64
E info@plana.nu
www.plana.nu
Hertz, David
SENSORY (design agency)
Syndesis, Inc.
2908 Colorado Ave
Santa Monica, CA 90403-
3616, USA
T +1 310 829 9932
F +1 3108295641
www.syndesisinc.com
Heufler, Prof. Gerhard
Koroisistrasse 5
A80101Graz, Austria
T +43 (0)316672258
F +43 (0)3166722584
Hofmann, Alfred
(Denmark)
c/o Fritz Hansen A/S
Fritz-Hansen UK
20-22 RoseberyAvenue
London ECI Rasx, UK
T +44 (0) 20 7837 2030
F +44 (0)207837 2040
E roh@fritzhansen.co.uk
www.fritzhansen.co.uk
Hoogendi jk, Martin
c/ o Droog Design
Keizersgracht 518
1017 EK Amsterdam
Netherlands
T +3' (0)20 62 69 809
F +3' (0) 80 63 88 828
E gbakker@XS4alLnl
Hooke Forest
(Construct ion) Ltd
Pam ham House
Beaminster
Dorset oT8 3NA, UK
T +44 (0)1308862204
F +44 (0 )1308 863 49 4
E info@hookepark.com
www.hookepark.com
Human Factors
c/o Oxo International
230 Fifth Avenue, znd floor
New York, NY10001, USA
T +1 212 242 3333
F +1 212 242 3336
Hutasoit, Renaldi
c/o Meta Morf, Inc.
c/ o Colin Reedy
2700 ath Avenue South
Seattle, WA 98134, USA
T +1 2069036332
Designers, Designer-makers
F +1 206 223 0853
E co lin@metamorfdesign. com
www.metamorfdesign.com
H utten , Richard
52 Marconistraat
3029 AK Rotterdam
Netherlands
T +3' (0)10 477 0 665
F +31 (0)10 42 5 760 3
Group Design
IBM Corporation
3039 Cornwallis Road
Research Triangle Park
NC 27709, USA
T +1 919 254 8650
F +1 919 254 8385
E HDavid@u5,ibm.com
www.ibm .co m
lchi , Yoshihiro
Industrial Design Division
M inolta, Japan
www. m inolta.com
IDEO Japan
413 Axis Building
5-17-1 Roppongi
Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
T +81 (0)355 70 266 4
F +81 (0)35570 2669
E kaoru@ideojapan_co.jp
IDEO Product Development
1033 University Place
Chicago, Il 60201, USA
T +1 847 570 4350
F +1 8475704351
IDEO Product Deveopment
Pier 28 Annex
The Embarcadero
San Francisco, CA 94105, USA
T +1 415 778 4700
F +1 415 778 4701
E jlevin@id eo.com
ijs designers
7 Edis Street
London NWI 8lG, UK
T +44 (0) 2079166708
F +44 (0)2079166709
Independence Technology
a Johnson & Johnson
Company, USA
www.indetech.com
Interform Design
Am Wendervveh r 3
38114 Braunschweig
Germany
T +49 (0) 53' 2337810
www.interform-design.de
Ito, Setsu/Studio
'-T.O. Design
Via Brioschi 54
20141 Milan, Italy
T/ F +39 (0)289546007
E setsuito@mic ronetit ~
Jacobs, Camille o
;:0
100 Taman Nakhoda
Villa delle Rose "'co
1Il
257793 Singapore
TIF +65 475 3581
n
E 3_cordenier@pacific.net.sg "'
1Il
alain.cordenier@bbl.be
Jakobsen, Hans Sandgren
Faergevej 3
OK8500 Grenaa
Denmark
T +45 (0)86 32 00 48
F +45 (0) 86 32 48 03
E mail@hans-sandgren.
jakobsen.com
www.hans-sandgre n-
jakobsen.com
Jam Design &
Communications Ltd
1 Goods Way, znd Floor
London NWI l UR, UK
T +44 (0 )2072783263
F +44 (0 )207278 5567
E jamdesign@compuserve.com
Jerome, Mike
c/o Philips Electronics NV
Building HWO
PO Box218
5600 M D Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)40 275 906 6
F +3' (0)40 275 909'
E annemieke.froger@philips.com
www .philips.com
John Makepeace and others
see Hooke Forest
(Construction) Ltd, UK
Jongerius, Hella
Schietbaanlaan 75b
3021 LE Rotterdam
Netherlands
T +3' (0)10 477 0253
E jong erius lab@hotm ail .com
Jurinec, Ksenkja and
Grupa Dizajnera
Grupa Dizajnera
BarunaTrenka 5
Zagreb, Croatia
Kant, Judith
c/o Design Academy
Eindhoven
Emmasingel ia
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)40 2393940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
 Designers, Designer-makers
..,. Karpf, Peter
Glen tevej 8
Korb & Korb
Scho sslistrasse 36A
F +44(0)1706 817 227
E plasfth@msn.com
M cDermott , Ruth
52 Regent Str eet
o 3210 Vej by, Denmark CH540 8 Ennetbad en Pad dington , NSW 20 21
;:0 Lovegro ve, Ross
<1l T +45 (0)48 70 6) 7) Switzerlan d Lovegrove Stud io X Au stra lia
Vl
0 F +45 (0)48 70 6) 79 T +4' (0) 56 2228120 21 Powis Me ws McDonagh, Julie
c
n
<1l
Karl o no, Singh S Kotkas, Aki Lond on Wll l i N, U K The In ner Tu be Ltd
Un it Bl , The W ren Cent re
Vl
Ar un a Arutal a H am ent ie '30 E T +44 (0)207 2297104
P OBo x 187 005 60 H elsinki, Finl and F +44 (0)20722970)2 Westbourn e Road
Tem anggung 56200 T +)5850 5879077 E lovegro ves_rm r@ Em swort h, H ampshire, U K
Centr al Java, Indonesia E akotkas@uiah.fi compuserve.com T +44 (0)2)92 4)) 4))
Katayanagi , Tomu (Japan) Kuc kuck , Henner Macch ion i , Serg io/S MAC McDonough Braungarl
c/ o Fiam Italia SpA Nana De sign Via Tom bett o 40 Des ign Chemistry, LLC
Via Anc ona l/ B 11- 55 45th Avenue 37135 Veron a, Ita ly 401 East M arket St, Suite 201
61010 Tavull ia Long Island City, NY111 01 T/F +)9 (0)458200 279 Charlottes vill e, VA22902,
Pesoro , It aly USA E s m a c ~ j o l. it USA
T +) 9 (0)721 200 51 Kwa kkel , Eric -Jan Ma ier-Aichen , Hansjerg T +1804295111
F +) 9 (0)721 2024)2 c/o REEEL Authentics artip resent Gmb H F +1804 295 1500
E fiam @fi am italia.it 52 Marcon istrat M ax Eyth St rasse 30 E info@m bdc.com
www.fiamitalia.it 3029 AK Rott erd am 71088 H olzerlin gen www.mbdc.com
KFN Kaufmann Netherland s Germ any Meller Marcovicz, Gioia
Produkt GmbH T +) 1 (0)10 9254612 T +49 (0)70)1 6805 a 10 2 New ark Street
Sager str asse 4 F +) 1 (0)10 925760) F +49 (0)70)1 68059 9 Lond on El 2ES, UK
A 6850 Dornbirn, A ust ria Laing, Patrick www.authentics.de T +44 (0)20 7247 1282
T +4) (0)5572 2628) ADA PT=R EACT Marczynski, M ike F +44 (0)20 7)752668
F +4) (0)55722628)4 57 H olm esd ale Ro ad Business Lines Ltd E gmm@m rac.demon.co.uk
E kfn.product@gmbh.vol.at Lon don N6 5TH , UK H arcou rt Street www.rr-rac.demon.co.ukj
T +44 (0)20 8)74 6665 Wa lkden , Wor sley designgmm
Kieboom , Nickie
c/o Design Academ y F +44 (0)20 8245)15) Manchester M28 3GN, UK Miles,) R
Eind hoven E patnck.adapt-reacteavrrgm.net T +44 (0)1204 576)) 4 c/o Reta il Place Ltd
Em m asingel 14 Landmark Design E in fo@checkpoint -safety.com 34A Campd en H ill Gard ens
PO Box 2125 Switzerland www.checkpoint-safety.com London w8 7AZ, U K
5600 CC Eind hoven T +44 (0) 20 7727 0486
Glarnischstrasse 8 Mar i, Enzo
N etherland s F +44 (0) 20 72217012
CH 86 40 Rappersw il c/o Alessi SpA
T +)1 (0)40 2)9 )9)9 Via Privata Alessi 6 Miyashita, Shin
Switzerland
F +)1 (0)40 2)9 )940 28882 Crusina llo (V B) , Italy c/ o Son y Cor porati on
T +4' (0)55211 84 25
E info@designacademy.nl T +)9 (0))2) 868 611 Design Cente r
F +4' (0)55211 84 28
www.designacademy.nl E landmark.ch@bluewin.ch F +)9 (0))2) 866 1)2 6-7-35 Kitash inagawa
www.landmark.nl E pub @a lessLit Shin agawa-ku
Kill aars, Rem ko
c/o Design Academ y To kyo ' 41, Japan
Les Ateliers Du Marinho, Reginaldo
Eind hoven T +81 (a)) 5448 7758
Nord/Antoine Cahen (Brazil)
Emrnasingel ia F +81 (a)) 54487822
T +) 9 (olJJ8 124 6641
PI. d u N ord 2 www.sony.co.jp and
PO Box 2125 E inventor_br@hotmail.com
CH 1005 Lausann e www.sony.co.uk
560 0 cc Eindh oven
Sw itze rl and Marriott, Michael
Net herland s Moerel, Marre
T +4' (0)21 )2058 07 U nit F2, 2"4,
T +)1 (0)40 2)9 )9)9 182 Hester Street N o. 13
F +4' (0)21 )20 584) Sout hgate Road
F +) 1 (0)402)9 )940 New York, NY10013, USA
E antoine.cahen@atelierdunord.ch London Nl 311 , UK
E info@designacademy.nl T +12122198965
T/ F +44 (0)20 792) 0)2)
www.designacademy.nl Lewis, David (U K) F +1 2129252371
E m arriott .m ichael@ virgin.net
c/ o Vestfrost A/S E ma rremoerel@r cn.com
Klug, Ubald
Spangsbjerg M el levej 100 Marlin, Gu y Moinat, Christophe
33 Rue Crou lebarbe
Po st box 207 9 Crow n Stu dios Pre-du-M arche 23
75013 Paris , France
OX-6705 Esbjerg 0 , Denm ark O ld Crow n Cott age CH 1004 Lausan ne
T +) ) (0)1 44)) 1) 882
T +45 (0)79 ' 4 22 22 Greenham, Crewkern e Sw itzerl and
F +)) (0)145)5)154
F +45 (0)79 '4 2) 55 Som erset TA18 8QE, U K and
Konings, Jan T +44 (0)1)08868122
Looker, Philip 71 N or t hwold Road
c/ o D roo g Design McCrady, Paul Lon don E5 8RN, UK
c/ o Plasti cs fth Ind ustry Ltd
Keizer sgracht 518
The Stables AeroVir onm ent T +44 (0)20 7502 0511
1017 EK Am sterd am
Sandh olm e M ill 825 S. M yrtle Dr ive Mollsjo, Carina
N etherland s
Commercia l Str eet Monrovia, CA 91016, USA yxham m arsgatan 28
T +) 1 (0)20 626 9809
Todmorden T +1 626 )57 998) 5° 33 1 Boras, Sweden
F +)1 (0)20 6)8 8828
Lancs 0114 5RH, UK F +1626 )59 9628 T +46 (0) )) 10 27 25
E gbakker@XS4all.nl
T +44(0)1706817 784 www.aerovironment.com E mollsjo@hotm ail.co m

§
 1

Designers, Designer-makers
 Designers, Designer-makers
Rogers, Mark
.j>.
BUT
0 81 Lothair Road North
::u
(Jl London N4 HR, UK
1Il
0 T +44(0)2083417776
t:
;:: Ruano, Maria
(Jl
1Il c/o Bedrock Industries
Seattle, WA, USA
Sadler, Marc
see Domu s Academy, Italy,
and American Hardwoods
Export Council, USA
Sams Design
103 Friern Barnet Road
London Nll 3EU, UK
T +44(0)20836'8845
F +44(0)2083614305
E info@samsdesign.co.uk
Sanders, Mark
c/ o Roland Plastics
Strida Limited
Wickham Market
Woodbridge
Suffolk 1P13 ooz, UK
T +44(0)'728747777
F +44(0)1728 748 222
E strida@rol andp lastics.co.uk
Sandham, John,
and Lewis, Stan
c/o Lew San Lim ited
3 Sutton Gardens
Hornchurch
Essex RM1 2 4LD, UK
T +44(0)1708473842
F +44(0)1708 524 389
E strnate@dircon .co.uk
www .stairm ate.co.uk
Sant, Roy
67 Wilberforce Road
London N4 2SP, UK
TfF +44(0)207704 1592
Schneider, Wulf, Prof.,
and Partners
Schellbergstrasse 62
70188Stuttgart, Germany
Schreuder, Hans
MaY Concept & Design
Arnhem , Netherlands
Einfo@moy.nl
Seiko Epson Corporation
(japan)
www.epson.co·jp/e/
Seymour Powell Limited
The Chapel
Archei Road
London w14 90H, UK
T +44(0)207381 6433
F +44(0)20 73819081
E design@seymourpowell.co.uk
8
Shetka, Stanley
All Paper Recycling, Inc.
10247 40th Street West
Webster, MN55088, USA
Shiotani, Yasushi
c/o Canon, Inc.
Design Centre
nO-2 Shimomaruko
Ota-ku, Tokyo 146-8501
Japan
T +81 (0)337582111
F +81 (0)3 5482 9711
Efukujr@drc.canon.co.jp
Shumacher, Sheri
Tapas
426 N. Gay Street
Auburn, Al 36830, USA
Simmons , Roland
PO Box 3396
Santa Rosa, CA 95402, USA
Smart Design in co-
development with
Oxo International
Oxo International
230 Fifth Avenue, and Floor
New York, NY10001, USA
T +1 21 2 242 3333
F +' 21 2 242 3336
E info@oxo.com
www.oxo.com
Smith , Janice
University of Kansas
Art and Design Building
Room 300,
Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
Solar Century Holdings Ltd
Unit 5, Sandycombe Centre
1-9 Sandycom be Road
Richmond, Surrey, UK
T +44(0)8707358100
F +44(0)870 735 8101
E jl @ solarcentury.co.uk
www.solarcentry.co.uk
Southampton
Innovations Limited
University of Southampt on
H ighfield, Southamp ton
Hampshire 50171B), UK
T +44(0)23 8059 2035
F+44(0)2380593585
E info@sll·uk.com
www.southam ptoninnovations
.com
Stachowicz, Wojtek
241 6 54th Place SW #15
Seattle, WA 98116, USA
Starck, Philippe
Agence Philippe Starck
27 Rue Pierre Pol;
92130Issy-Ies-Moulineaux
France
T +33 (0)14' 088282
F +33 (0)1 4' 089665
E starck@s tarckdesign.com
www. phthppe.starck.co m
Stark, Herbert, Dr, Kopf AG
Stutzenstrasse 6
72172 Sulz-Borgfelden
Germany
T +49 (0)745475285
Eh.stark@kopf-ag.de
www.kopf-ag.de
Startup , Jasper
Startup Design, NO. 4
126A Albion Road
London N16 9PA, UK
T +44(0)2079231223
E jaspe r@sta rtup design.co.uk
Staton, John M
Anderson Design
Associates, Inc.
175 New Britain Ave
Plainville, CT 06062, USA
Steinberg, Erez, and
Giasullo, Gia
Studio eg
2431 Peralta Street
Suite 2437A
Oakland, CA 94607, USA
Steinmann, Peter, and
Schmid, Herbert
c/o Atelier Alinea AG
Zahringerstrasse 14
CH 4007 Basel
Switzerland
T +4' (0)61 6909797
F +4' (0)61 6909790
Stichting Art Depot
Frans Halsstraat 3
5062 LJOisterwijk
Netherlands
Sugasawa, Mitsumasa
(J apan)
Esugaeatendo-mckko.coIp
Suppanen, IIkka
Studio IIkkaSuppanen
Punavuorenkatu 1 A7 b
00120 Helsinki, Finland
T +358 9622 78737
F +358 9622 3093
Esuppanen@kolumbus.fi
Sylvania Design Team
Sylvania Lightin g
International
20 Route de Pre-Bois
1215 Geneva 15
Switzerland
T +4' (0)22]170895
www.sylvanta.com
Tam, Roy
c/ o Trannon Furniture
Limited
Chilhampton Farm
Wilton , Salisbury
Wilts SP2 OAB, UK
T +44(0)1722744 577
F +44(0)'722 744 477
E info@trannon .com
www.trannon.com
Teams Design
Hollwitzstrasse 1
73728 Esslingen, Germany
Teppich-Art-Team
Untere Gasse 1
CH 7012 Ferlsberg
Switzerland
T +4' (0)8' 252 8689
Thomas, Deborah
323(B) Grove Green Road
Leytonstone
London Ell 4EB , UK
Thorp , lan, and Morris , Steve
c/o Slough Rubber
Company, UK
T +44(0)1753570 438
Thorpe, Clarkson, and
Beukema, Steve
c/o Haworth, Inc.
One Haworth Center
Holland, MI 49423, USA
T +16, 63933000
www .haworth.co m
Thun, Matteo
c/ o Domus Academy
Via Savona 97
20144 M ilan, Italy
Tilder , Henk
c/o Mu nicipality of Almere,
Flevoland, Netherlands
Titan Design Studio
see Bansod, Abhijit
Tolstrup , Nina
47 Warwick Mount
Mon tague Street
Brighton, East Sussex
BN2 11Y, UK
TfF +44 (0)1273 570 '79
E tolstru p@st udiom am a.com
www .stud torna ma.co m
Topen, Paul
c/o Designed to a 'I' Ltd
11 Maxwell Gds, Orpington
Kent BR6 90R, UK
T +44(0)1689 831400
F +44 (0)1689 609301
www. daat.demo n.co.uk
Trachsel, Sonja
Av. de [ur igoz 2
CH 1006 Lausanne
Switzerland
T +4' (0)2'6013894

Trubridg e, Davi d
44 M argaret Avenue
Havelock North
New Zealand
Tt F +64 (0)6 87746 84
E trubridge@d ear.net.nz
http:/t home.clear.nel.nzt pages.
trubridge
Un ivers ity of Ein dho ven
(Buil ding In it iat ive
Environmental Stand ards)
c/o Design Acade m y
Eind hoven
Em m asingel 14
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
Net herl and s
T +Jl (0)40 2J9 J9J9
F +J1 (0)40 2J9 J940
E info@designacade my.nl
www.designacademy.nl
University of
Technology Delft
j affalaan 9
2628 BX Delft, N etherland s
van de Voorde, Patric k
c/ o Philip s Lighting BV
Haarm anweg 25
4538 AN Tem euzen
Neth erland s
T +3' (0)115684 J18
F+3' (0)115684448
E rene.abein@philips.com
van Maanen, Martijn
c/o Design Academ y
Eindhoven
Ernmasingel ta
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindhoven
Netherland s
T +3' (0)40 2J9 J9J9
F +3' (0)40 2J9J940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
van Severen, Martin
Galgenberg 25
9000 Gent. Belgium
T +J1 (0)292 3J89 99
VarioPac D isc
Systems GmbH
Hangbaum st rasse '3
32257 Bunde, Germ any
T +49 (0)5221 7684 17
F+49 (0)52217684 20
WWw.variopac,com
Varney, James
c/o Intern ational Design
~esource Awards (I DRA)
eSlgn Resource Instit ute
7406A Greenwood Avenue
Seatt le, WA 98 177. USA
T +1 2062890949
F +1 206789 J144
www.designresource.org
Veloland Schweiz
St iftu ng Veloland Schweiz
Po stfach 8275
CH3°01 Bern, Switzerland
T +4' (O)Jl J0747 40
E info@veloland.ch
www.veloland.ch
Velthuizen , A J
Eur op ean Design Centre
PO Box 6279
560 0 HG Eind hoven
N et herland s
T +J1 (0) 408484848
F +Jl (O) 408484844
E info@edc.nl
Vi nk, Frits, Ing
Euseb iu sbuitensinge l 37
6828 NX Arnhem
Netherl and s
Tt F +Jl (0)261684 20
E vink.design@atagmail.nl
VK & C Part nersh i p
(Ian Card n uff and
Hamid von Koten)
2/2 248 Woodl and s Road
Gla sgow G3 6ND, U K
Tt F +44 (0)141 JJ22049
Vo gelzang , Ma rije
c/ o Design Academ y
Ein dh oven
Emmasingel ia
PO Box 2125
5600 CC Eindh oven
N etherl and s
T +31(0)402J9J9J9
F +J1 (0)40 2J9J940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
Vuarnesson , Bernard
Sculp tures-jeux
18 Rue Dom at
75005 Paris
France
T +J3 (0)14J 5420 J9
F +JJ (0)14J 548J J2
E sculptures.jeux@wanadoo.fr
Walpole , Lois
100 Fairh ur st Ro ad
Londo n E3 4EH, UK
TtF +44 (0)20 7515 6014
Wan d ers , Marcel
Van Diemen stra at 29 6
1013 CR Am sterd am
Netherland s
T +J1 (0)20422 1JJ9
F +Jl (0)2042275 19
Designers, Designer-makers
Wannet, Edwin NE6 5TD, U K
c/o Design Academ y TtF +44 (0)'9' 224 J850 .j>.
Eindhoven
Wurz, Gerard
0
Em m asingel 14 ;;0
Tesch niergasse 17 III
PO Box 2125 III
A 1170 Vienna, Austria 0
5600 CC Eindhoven
T +4J (0)40721 25
c
Ne the rland s ;:;
Yamanaka, Kazuhiro III
T +Jl (0)40 2J9J939 III
F +Jl (0)40 2J9 3940 27 Bu rn ley Ro ad
E info@designacademy.nl Lo ndon NWlO lEE, UK
www.designacademy.nl T +44 (0)20 8452 J0l8
E kaz@ma.kew.net
Warren , William
Yurkievich, Gaspard
ww.modcons
(Paris) c/o Tencel
U n its ab + 2C
Acordis Fibr es
Vanguard Court
(Holdin gs) Ltd , U K
36 Peckham Road
www .acordis.com
London SE5 8QT. U K
www.tencel.com
TtF +44 (0)2077084154
WeL L Desig n Ass ociates Zanussi Ind ustrial
Design Cent re (Italy)
Hu is ter H eidewe g 56
Elect ro lux Zanu ssi
3705 LZ Zeist
N etherland s c/o AB Elect rolux
Elect ro lux Group
T +3' (0)306925544
E info@welldesign.nl Environmen tal Affa ir s
www.welldesign.nl 10545 Stockholm
Sweden
Wettstein , Robert A
T +46 (0)87387666
Stru ct ur e Design
F +46 (0)8 7J8 05 98
Josefstra sse 188 E environmental.affairs
CH8005 Zur ich, Switzerl and
@electrolux.se
T +4' (0)1272 9725
F +4' (0)1 2720717 Z bryk , Burges
E robe rt.wettstetntp gmx.ch c/ o Intern at ional Desi gn
www.change.tojcomfort Resource Awards (t DRA)
Design Resour ce Inst it ut e
Wie ga nd, Lore nz
740 6A Green wood Avenu e
Po ol Produ cts
Seatt le. WA 98177. USA
Metzerstr asse 19
T +1 2062890949
1040 5 Berlin , Ge rm any
F +1206789 J144
T +49 (o)Jo 440 555 16 www. designresource.org
E POOL-products@l·online.de
Z ill ig, Michel
W iesendan ger , Kiibi
c/o De sign Academ y
Avant de Dormir Eind hoven
Via Turat o 3 Emmasingel ia
20121 M ilan, Italy
PO Box 2125
T +J90 (0)2 6599990 5600 CC Eindh oven
F +J90 (0)2 657 1058 Ne therl and s
E marina wiesendanger
T +Jl (0)40 2J9J9J9
marina@avantdedormir.com
F +Jl (0)40 2J9 J940
Will at , Boyd E info@designacademy.nl
see Willa! Wr it ing www.designacademy.nl
Instrument s
William son, Da mia n
Biorneborgsvagen ' 3
12263 Enskede
Stockholm, Sweden
T +44 (0)20 88744046 (UK)
T +46 (0)86 49 11 J1
(Stockholm)
Wilson, Neil
180 Sackvil le Road
Heat on
Newcast le-upon-Tyne
§
 Manufacturers and Suppliers
zprn Limited AEG Hausg erate GmbH Alfred Karche r GmbH & Co. Anstalten Thorberg
.j:>.
2 Shelford Place Muggenhofer Strasse ' 35 Alfred Karcher Strasse 28-40 Postfach 1
0 Lond on N16 9HS 904 29 Nuremberg
;;0 71364 Winne nden CH 3326 Krauchta l,
rn UK Germ any German y Switzerl and
til
0 T +44 (0)2079230222 T +49 (0)911 3231/0 T +4' (0)34 411 1417
c T +49 (0)711 142310
F +44 (0)2079232467
n
rn www.2pm.co.uk
F +49 (0)911 3232283/1770
E info@aeg.hausgeraete.de
F +49 (0)711 142981 F +4' (0)34411 0019
til
AlineaAtelier, AG Arbor Vitae
3M DeutschlandGmbH www .aeg hausgeraete.de
Zahringerstrasse '4
see Berkowitz , Adam
Carl-Schurz-Str asse 1 aerodyn Energiesysteme GmbH Brooklyn, New York
CH 4007 Basel
4'453 Neuss Provianthausstrasse 9 USA
Germany 24768 Rendsburg Switzerland
T +4' (0)61 690 97 97 Arizona Fibers Marketing
T +49 (0)2131 14 3461 Germany
F +49 (0)2131 143695 F +4' (0)61 6909 7 90 9393 N . 90th #10 2-15 9
T +49 (0)43311275°
E DSTRUWE@ mmm.com Scottsdale, AZ85258-5040
F +49 (0)4331 127555 All PaperRecycling, Inc. USA
ABG Ltd AeroVironment, Inc. 502 ath Avenue NW
T +1602 443 5615
Unit E7, Meltham Mil ls Rd Corporate HQ New Prague, MN 56071-1141 F +1 6024434917
Mel tham 825 S. Myrtle Dr USA
West Yorkshi re HD7 3AR Monrovia CA 91016 ArmstrongWorld
T +1 612 758 6577
UK USA Industries, Inc.
F +1612 7586751
T +44 (0)1484852096 T +1626357 9983 2500 Columbia Ave
F +1 626359 9628
Amasec Airfil PO Box 3°01
Acadia Board Company
www.aeroevironment.com Un it 1, Colliery Lane Lancaster, PA 17603
518 Iberia Parkway
Exhall, Coventry USA
New Iberia, LA 70563 Aga-Raybu rn
Warwicksh ire cv7 9NW T +17173970611
USA PO Box 30
UK F +1 71 7 396 2787
T +13183678542 Ketley, Telford
T +44 (0)1203367994 www.armstrong.com
E duracane@bellsouth.net Shropshire TFl 4DD
UK F +44 (0)1203 644325 Artemide SpA
Acord is Speciality
T +44 (0)1952 642000 American Excelsior Company Via Bergam o 18
FibresjAcord is Fibres
F +44 (0)1952 641961 20010 Pregnana M ilanese
(Holdings) Ltd (UK) PO Box 5067
www.aga-rayburn.co.uk Italy
www.acordis.com 850 Ave H East
www.specialityfibres.com Air Packaging F +39 (0)2 9359 0254
Arlington, TX76011
www.tencel.com Technologies, Inc. USA AstroPower, Inc.
Advanced Elastomer 25620 Rye Canyon Road T +18176403563 and Corporate H Q
Systems L P Valencia, CA 913555 T +1 8007777645 461 Wyoming Road
388 S. Main St USA Solarpar k
F +1817640 3570/1555
Akron , OH 44311 T +18004247269 Newark, DE 19716-2000
www.amerexcel.co m
USA F +1661 2942222 USA
E info@airbox.com Ampair Ltd T +1302366 °4°°
T +1800 3058070
17 Windermere Road F +1302 368 6087
F +1330 849 5599 Akzo Nobel Decorative
E cont act@ aestpe.co m CoatingsAB West End E Sales@astropower.com
www.aestpe.com 2°517 Malmo Southampton www.astropower.com
Sweden H ampsh ire soi x 3PE Auro Paints Ltd
Advanced Environmental
T +46 (0)40355000 UK Unit 2, Pamphil lions Farm
Recycling Technologies, Inc.
801 N _jefferson Street F +46 (0)40 6015223 T +44 (0)23 80 474 243 Purton End, Debde n
PO Box 1237 Alden & Ott F +44 (0)2380476821 Saffron Walden
Springdale , AR72765 616 E. Brook Dr ive E interworld@cwcom.net Essex CB11 3JT
USA Arlington Heights AmticoCompany Ltd, The UK
T +1 501 7501299 IL 60005-4622 Kingfield Road T +44 (0)1799 543 077
.F +1501750' 322 USA F +44 (0)1799 542 187
Coventry
E aertsales@sat.net T +1800 552-INKS E sales@auroorganic.co.uk
Warwickshire cv6 5AA
www.choicedek.com F +1708 9566909 www.auroorganic.co.uk
UK
Advanced Vehicle Design www.aldenottink.com Auro PfIanzenchemie AG
T +44 (0) 24 76861400
L&M Business Park Alessi SpA Alte Frankfurter Str. 211
F +44 (0) 247686 1552
Norma n Road Via Privata Alessi 6 8122 Braunschweig
Ecustomer.services
Alt rinch am 28882 Crusinallo (VB) German y
@amtico.co .uk
Cheshire WA14 4 [ S, UK Italy T +49 (0)53' 2 814141
www.stratica.com
T +44 (0)1619285575 T +39(0)323 868611 F +49 (0)53' 28 1 4161
www .amtico .co m
F +44(0)1619285585 F +39 (0)323866132 E info@auro.de
E sales@windcheetah.co.uk E pub@alessi.it www.auro.de
www.windcheetah.co.uk

@

Auth enti cS artipresent
GmbH
Max Eyth Strasse 30
710 88 H o lzerl ingen
Germa ny
T +49 (0)70)1 680 5 ° Redo nd o Beach, CA 90278
F +49 (0)70)' 680599
www.authentics.de
Avant de Do rm ir
Via Tu rati 3
20121 M ilan, Ital y
EInfo@3vantdedo rm ir.com
www.avantdedormir.com
Baccarn e bvba
Baccarne Design
Gentbruggeko uter
9050 Gen t
Belgium
T +)2 (0)92)24421
F +)2 (0)9 2)244 )0
E baccarne@planeU nternet.be
Baleri It ali a
Via F. Cavallotti 8
20122 Milan, Ital y
T +)9 (0)2 76 0146 72
F +)9 (0)27 6 0144 19
E info@baleri-italia.com
Bamboo Hardwood s, Inc.
3834 ath Ave Sou th
Seatt le, WA98134 , USA
T +'206264 24'4 / ) 610
Edoug@bamboohardwoods.com
www.bamboohardwoods.com
Beacon Prin t Limited
Brambleside
Bellbrook Park
Uckfie ld
East Sussex TN22 ' PL, UK
T +44 (0)182576811
F +44 (0)18257680)42
E print@beaconpress.co.uk
Bedroc k Industrie s
'401 West Garfield
Seattle, WA 98119, USA
T +12062 8) 762\
F +1 206 28) 0497
E bedrockind@uswest.net
www- bedrockmdustries.ccrn
Benza,lnc.
4'3 W. '4 St #30'
New York, NY100 '4, USA
T +1 21224 34047
F +121224) 4689
Ehelp@ben2adesign.com
WWw.benzadesign.com
BioChem Syst em s
3511 N . Oh io
Wichita , KS 67 2'9
USA
T +1 )16 8)8 47)9
F +13 16 832 1211
E khobbs@biochemsys.com
www. biochemsys.com
Biocorp
2619 M anhatt an
Beach Blvd
USA
T +1888 206 5658
F +1) 10 64) 1622
E info@biocorp usa.com
www.biocorpusa.com
BioFab LLC/Pacifi c
Gold Boa rd
PO Box 9905 56
Redd ing, CA96099 -0556
USA
T +1 5)024 ) 40)2
F +15)0244 ) 241
E info@ricestraw.com
www.strawhoard.com
Bio shield Paint Company
'365 Rufina Circle
Santa Fe, NM 87505
U SA
T +1 5054)8 )448
F +15054)801 99
E edesignco@aol.com
www. bioshieldpaint.com
Biotec
Biol o gische
Naturverpackungen GmbH
Blinder Weg 30
Em m erich
PO Box 100 220
Germ any
T +49 (0)282292)10
F +49 (0)28225)7265
E biotecgmbh@t-online.de
Blackwall ltd
10 Glover W ay
Parksid e, Leeds
W . Yorks LSll 51P, UK
T +44 (0)11)276 1646
F +44 (0)11) 271 )08)
E blackwall.ltd@virgin.net
BMWAG
BMW-Haus Petuelring 130
80788 Munich
German y
T/F +49 (0)89 )820/
T +49 (0) 89 )82 24272
E bmwinfo@bmw.de
www.bmw.com
BMW (GB) ltd
Ellesfi eld Avenue
Bracknell
Berkshire RG12 8TA, UK
T +44 (0}1)44 480 ) 20
F +44 (0)1)44 480 )06
E press.bmw@bmwgroup.co.uk
www.press.bmwgroup.com
Manufacturers and Suppliers
BOC
M ichael House
47 Baker Stre et
Lo nd o n W1A ION, U K
T +44 (0)20 79)5 4422
Body Shop Intern at io nal pic
Wat ersm ead
Litt leham pto n
W est Sus sex BN17 6LS, UK
T +44 (0)190) 7)1500
F +44 (0)190) 726 250
www.bodyshop.com
Bopp Leuchte n GmbH
Postfach 1160
74835 Lim bach
German y
T +49 (0)62879206 0
BP Amoco pic
Brita nni c House
, Finsbury Cir cus
Lo nd o n EC2M 7BA, UK
www.bp.com
BP Solar International
PO Box '9 '
Cher tsey Road
Su nbury-o n-Tham es
M id d lesex TW,6 7XA, U K
T +44(0) '9)277954)
F +44(0) 19)276268 6
www.bpsolar.com
BP So lare x
630 So larex Court
Frederi ck, Mo 2' 703 , USA
T +1)01 69842 00
F +1) 01 698 4201
BREE Collection GmbH
&Co. KG
Gerberstrasse 3
309,6lsernhagen/Kirchorst
German y
T +49 (0)51)6897 60
F +49 (0)51)68976 229
E bree.collection@bree.de
www.breecollection.de
Brompton Bicycle Ltd
Kew Brid ge D istr ibutio n
Cent re
Lionel Road , Brent fo rd
Middlesex TW8 9QR, U K
T +44 (0)20 82) 2 8484
F +44 (0)20 82)2 8181
www.bromptonbicycle.co.uk
Br ook Hansen
St Thomas Road
H udd ersfi eld
West Yorkshi re HO' 30u, UK
T +44 (0)'484422 150
Bruggli Produktion
& Dienstleistung
Hofstrasse 5
CH 8590 Roma n shorn
Sw itze rland
T +4' (0)71 4669494 ~
F +4' (0)71 466 94 95 o
;>J
BTM International Ltd tb
Vl
Fosse way 0
c
Mid som er N o rt o n n
Bat h BA3 4AY, UK tb
Vl
T +44 (0)1761414824
F +44 (0)1761 4'9 472
E btm@ jarvis-uk.com
www.btminternational.co.uk
Buc h ner Design St ud io
1030 Q ues ad a Avenue
San Franc isco , CA94' 24
USA
T + 1 4158227300
Buderus He iztechnik GmbH
Sophienstrasse 30-32
35576 Wetzlar
Germany
T +49 (0)6441 418
F +49 (0)6441456 02
Bulo Office Fu rni t ure
Industriezo ne Noord B6
2900 M echelem , Belgium
T +)2 (0)15282828
F +)2 (0}15 28 28 29
E infor@bulo.be
Burch
c/o Domestic Growers
Supply
Cave Junction, OR, USA
T +154' 592 )6 15
Business Lines Ltd
H arcourt St reet
Walkden , Worsley
Manchester M28 3GN
UK
T +44 (0)1204576334
E infor@checkpoint-safety.com
www.checkpoint-safety.com
BUT
81 Lothair Road North
London N4 , ER, UK
T +44 (0)20 8)41 7776
Bute Fabrics Ltd
c/o Caro Communicat ion s
First Floo r
49-59 Ol d Street
Lon do n EClY9HX, U K
T +44 (0)2072\1 9112
F +44 (0}20 7490 5757
E pr@carocom.demon.co.uk
Cabka Plast
Ku nstst offv erarbeit ungs GmbH
Neue W einsteige 7'
70,80 St utt gart, German y
T +49 (0)711 2489980
F +49 (0)711 248998 18
Ecabkaeorecover-group.de
www.recover-group.de
8
i Manufacturers and Suppliers
Campana Ob jetos
.J'. Rua Barao de Tat ui 219
o Sao Paulo 01226030
;;0
(J) Brazil
VI
o T +55 (0)11 36 6641 52
<:
F +55 (0) 1182 5340 8
n(J)
VI Canon, Inc.
Design Cent re
3-30 -2 Shimomaruko
Ota-ku
Tokyo 146-8501
Japan
T +81 (0)3 37582111
F +81 (0)35482 9711
E fukujr@drc.canon .co.jp
Canon (UK) Limited
Wood hatch
Reigate, Surrey RHZ 8S F
UK
T +44 (0)1737220 000
F +44 (0) 1737220 0 22
www.canon.co.uk
Cappellini Arte/Capellini SpA
Via Marcon i 35
22060 Arosio, Italy
T +39 (0)3' 759 111
F +39 (0)3 763322 / 763 333
' F +1 219 4736607
E cappell ini@cappell ini .it
www.cappellini.it
Cargill Dow Polymers -
EcoPLA Business Unit
PO Box 5698
Minneapolis
MN 55440-5698, USA
T +1 6127 42 6194
F +16124756208
E PublicRela tions@cargill.com
www.cargill.com
Carrington Perform ance
Fabri cs
Calder Works
Thornh ill Road
Dewsbury
West Yorkshire
WFl2 9 0 0 , UK
T +44 (0)19 24 465161
F +44 (0)1924457596
www.carrington-pf co.uk
Ceccotti Collezioni sri
PO Box 90
Viale Sicil ia 4
Cascina
56 0 21 Pisa, Italy
T +39 (0)50 70 1 955
F +39 (0) 50 703 970
E info@ceccotti. it
www.ceccotti.it
Celotex Ltd
Warwick House
27/3' St M ary's Road
Ealing, London w 5 5PR, UK
8
T +44 (0)2085790811
F +44 (0)20 8579 0 106
www.celotex.co.uk
Cent riforce Products -
Chisho lm Plastics Ltd
14-16 Derby Road
Liverpool
Merseyside l20 8EE
UK
T +44 (0)151 2076 221
F +44 (0)151 2981319
E sales@ centriforce.co.uk
www.centnforce.com
Centriforce Products -
Plastic Recycling Ltd
86 Blackpole Tradi ng Estate
Worcester
Worc s WR3 8 s0, UK
T +44 (0}1905 455410
F +44 (0)1905754708
E sales@centriforce.co.uk
www.centnforce.com
Cerestar USA, Inc.
110 Indianapolis Blvd
H am m ond
IN 46320-1019, USA
T +12196592000
www.cerestar.com
Charles Lawrence
Recycling Ltd
Jessop Way
Newark Industria l Estate
Newark, Nott inghamshire
NG24 2ER, U K
T +44 (0) 1636 610 680
F +44 (0)1636 610 222
E recycling@c1gplc.co.uk
Chicago Adhes ive
Products Comp any
4658 West Seth Street
Chicago, Il 60629, USA
T +1 773 581 '300
ClassiCon
8 Perchtingger Strasse
81379 Munich
German y
E info @c1assicon.co m
www.da ssicon.com
Clearv ision Lightin g Lim ited
Un it 2
Elliott Park Indust rial Estate
Eastern Road
Aldershot
Hampshire GU12 4TF, UK
T +44 (0)1252344 all
F +44 (0)1252 344 066
E sales@clearvisionlighting.co.uk
Clivus Multrum,
Kingsley Clivus
Kingsley House
Woods ide Road
Boyatt Wood Trading
Estate Eastleigh
H ampsh ire S0 50 4 ET, UK
T +44 (0)1703 615 680
F +44 (0)1703642 613
Color Trends , Inc.
5129 Ballard Ave NW
Seattle, WA 98107
USA
T +1 20 6 789 1065
Columbia, USA/Comarco
Wireless Technologies, Inc.
2 Crowell St reet
Irvine, CA92618, USA
T +1 949 59 9 7400
F +' 949 599' 415
E callin fo@co m arco.co m
Compak Systems ltd
Too r St reet
Gainsborough
Lincolnshire ON21 2EG, UK
T +44 (0)142761 6927
Compaq Computer
Corporat ion
PO Box 692000
Hous ton , TX 77269-2000
USA
T +1 281 370 0670
F +1 281 514 1740
www.com paq.com
Concord Light ing
Avis Way
Newhaven
East Sussex BN9 OED, UK
T +44 (0)1273 515 811
F +44 (0)1273 512 688
E concord.intsalesja sylvania-
lightin g.com
Corbin Motors, Inc.
2350 Technology Parkway
H olli ster, CA 95023
USA
T + 1 831 635 1033
F +1 831 635 10 39
www .corbinmctc rs.com
Corn Card Inte rnat ion al, Inc.
PO Box 239
Chapman, NE 688 27
USA
T +1 3089463662
www.comcard.cc m
Corre x Plastic s
Madleaze Industrial Estate
Bristol Road
Gloucester
Gloucestershire, Gll 5SG. U K
T +44 (0)1452316500
F +44 (0)1452 300 436
Crane & Company
30 South Street
Dalton, MA 012 26
USA
T +14 136846495
www.crane.com
Crowe Build ing Products
116 Burris Street
Ham ilton
ONT I BM 2JS, Canada
T +1 905 529 6818
F +1 905 529'755
www.authentic-roof.com
Curtis Fine Papers
Guard sbridge
St And rews
Fife KYl6 OG9
UK
T +44 (0)1334 839 551
www .cu rtisfinepapers.com
Cutouts
llA Lower Boston Road
Hanwell
Lo ndon W7 3SF, UK
T +44 (0)20 8567 2847
F +44 (0)20 8579 7374
E cutou ts.london @vi rgin.net
Daimler Chrysler
Epplestrasse 225
70546 Stutt gart, Germ any
T +49 (0 )711170
F +49 (0)711 1722 2 44
E diaolog@daim lerchrysler.com
www.daimlerchrysler.com
Daimler Chrysler (Japan)
www .d aim lerchrysler.co.jp
Daimler Chrysler UK Ltd
Tongwell
M ilt on Keynes
Bedfordshire MK15 8 SA, UK
T +44 (0 )1908 301 000
F +44 (0)1908 664 35'
www.daim lerchrysler.co.uk
Daimler Chrysler
Corpo ration
Auburn H ills, MI48326- 276 6
USA
T +1 248 576 5741
F +1 248 5764742
www.d aim lerchrysler.com
Dalsouple Direct Limited
PO Box '40
Bridgewater
Somerset TA5 1 HT
UK
T +44 (0)1984667233
F +44 (0) 1984 667 366
E info @dalsou ple.com
Dalto n Lucerne Rare
Fibres Ltd
The Homestea d Farm
Bakestonedale Road
Potts Shrigley

M acclesfield
Cheshire SK 'O 5RU, U K
T +44 (0)1625 572 381
F +44 (0)162\ \7 2 381
Danese sri
see Al ias sri Deutsche Bahn AG
Via dei Videt tei 2
Grum ello de l M o nte
240 64 Bergam o , Italy
T +39 (0 35442 0240
F +39 (0)3\ 442 099 6
Dasic Internatio nal Ltd
Win chester H ill Deutsche Heraklith GmbH
Romsey Heraklith Strasse 8
Hampshire
S05' 7YD, U K
T +44 (0)1794 512 419
F +44 (0)1794 \2234 6
David Zyne Prod uctio ns
DMD
clo 100% Rubber
Dalsouple Dire ct Lim ited
PO Box ' 40
Bridgewater
Som erset TA5 'H T, U K
T +44 (0)1984667 233
Do m us Academ y
F +44 (0)1984667 366
Einfo@dalsouple.com
Deep E Company
404 NW roth Ave
Suite 201
Por tland , OR9720 9 , USA
T +1 888233 3373
F +1\0 3 299 628
D riade SpA (Aleph)
Einfo@deepeco.com
www.deepeco.com
DEKA Research &
Development Corporat io n
340 Commercial Stre et
Dumfries Plastics
Manc hester, NH °310'
Recycling Ltd
USA
T +1603 669 \139
F +1603 624 0573
www.dekaresearch.com
Design Academy Eindhoven
DuPont (UK) Limited
Emmasingel i a
PO Box 2'25
5600 CC Eind hoven
Netherlands
T +3' (0)40 239 3939
F +3' (0)40 2393940
E info@designacademy.nl
WWw.designacademy.nl
Designed to a 't' Ltd
11 M axw ell Cd s
Orp ington
Kent BR6 9QR, UK
T +44 (0)1689 831400
F +44 (0)1689 609 30l
YiWW.d2at.demon.co.uk
DesignTex, Inc ,
200 Varick St, 8th flo or
• @
Manufacturers and Suppliers
N ew York, NY 100'4 Durex
USA SSL Intern atio nal
Toft H all
T +1 2128868100
Toft Road , Knutsford
+ 1 8 00 22 1 1540
www.dtex.com Cheshire wA, 6 9PD, UK
T +44 (0)1\65 624 000
F +44 (0)1\6\ 624099
Metropolitan Express Train
www.durex.com
GmbH , gmp
Dyes dLW Buroein-
vo n Gerkan Marg und
richtungen GmbH
Partner Architeken
Am De isterbahnho f 6
Elbchaussee '39
Bad Munder
22763 H am burg, Germany
German y
T +49 (0)\042 \ 01 0
F +49 (0)\042 \01 11 7
84359 Sim ach j ln n
Dyso n Ap pliances
Germ any
c/o 20 Shaw field Str eet
E m.hchmann -maier
Lo nd o n sw3 4BD, U K
@heraklilh.com
T +44 (0)2078838244
www.dyson.com
Par kweg ' 4 Earth Chair (USA)
227' AJ Voo rburg Evp@earthchair.com
N etherl ands www.earthchair.com
T +3' (0)703864038
Eastma n Chem ical
F +3' (0)70 387397\
Company
to o N or th East m an Ro ad
Via Savon a 97 PO Box 5"
20 '44 Milan , Italy Kingsport, TN 37662 -5° 75
T +39 (0)2424 14001 U SA
F +39( 0)242 2 2\2\ T + 1 423 229 2000
E info@domusacademy.com F +1615229"93
www.domusacademy.com www.eastman.com
eco -ball
Via Ancona '1' Birchw ood H o use
2012' M ilan, Italy Briar Lane, Croyd o n
T +39 (0)2 720 23 203 Su rrey CRO 5AD,U K
F +39 (0)2 72002434 T +44 (0)208777 3'21
F +44 (0) 20 8777 3393
E info@ecozone.co.uk
www.ecQl one.co.uk
Co llege Road
Eco Solut io ns Ltd
Du m fries DG2OBU, U K
Summerle aze H o use
T +44 (0)1387 247110
Chu rch Ro ad
F +44 (0)1387247 109
Wi nsco m be
North Somerset
W edg ewood Way BS 25 ' BH, UK
Stevenage T +44 (0)1934844 484
H ertfo rdshire SG' 4QN F +44 (0)1934844 "9
UK E homestrip@ecosolutions.co.uk
T +44 (0)'438734000 www .ecosolutions.co.uk
F +44 (0)1438374836 Eco Timber In te rnatio nal
D u Po nt (USA) ,o20 H einz Avenue
E info@du po nt.com Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
www.dupont.com T +1510 \4 9 3000
Dural ay Ltd
E ecotimb er@ igc.apc-org
www.ecotimber.org
Broadw ay
H aslin gden EcoD esig n
Rossend ale (The N at u ral Choice)
Lancashire BB44LS, UK '3 6 5 Rufin a Cir
T +44 (0)1706213 '3 Sant a Fe, NM 875° 5-29 64
' USA
www .duralay.co.uk
T +1 5054383448
.j:>
F +15054380199
0
E ecodesign@aol.com
;0
n>
Ecole cantonale d'art
Vl
de Lausanne 0
46 Rue de l'lndustrie
c
~
CH 1030 Bussigny n>
Vl
Switzerland
T +4' (0)21702 9' 11
F +4' (0)21702 9100
Ecologic, Inc.
"40 Elizabeth Avenue
Waukegan, IL 60085
USA
T +1800 899 8004
+1847244 4466
F +1847 244 \977
E info@ecologic.com
www.ecologicfurniture.com
Ecostar, Inc.
230 Cente r Dr ive # 20'
Vern o n Hil ls, IL 60 0 6,
U SA
T +1800 211 7170
F +1800 780 9870
www.ecostarinc.com
Ecover
UK Promotions
2' Cast le Street
Bright o n
East Sussex BN' 2HD, UK
T +44 (0)1273 206 997
F +44(0)1273 206 973
E beasley@pavilion.co.uk
Ecover Products NV
Ind ust riewe g 3
2390 M alle , Belgiu m
Ehlebra cht AG
W erkstra sse 7
32'3° Enger, Germ any
T +49 (0)\ 22318\ 192
F +49 (0)\223 18\ '93
E info@ehlebracht-ag.com
www.ehlebracht-ag.com
Electrolux
AB Elect rol ux
Electr olux G roup
Environmental Affairs
105 45 Sto ckho lm , Sw eden
T +46 (0)87 387666
F +46 (0)8 738 0\ 98
E environmental.affairs
@elect rol ux.se
Elect rot ext iles Ltd
Pinewood Stud io s
Pinewood Road
Iver, Bucks SLOONH, U K
T +44 (0)8700727272
F +44 (0)8700727273
E incoming@electrotextiles,com
www.electrotextiles.com
 Manufacturers and Suppliers
Elf Atochem 84088 Neufahrn Fiat Auto UK Float Up VP
.j:o.
2000 M arket St Germ any Fiat H o use
0 Ste 2200
244 Gra ys Inn Road
;0 T +49 (0)8773 18' 33 266 Bath Road , Slough Lon do n WC1X 8jR, UK
(ll Technica l Polymers Divisio n F +49 (0)8773 18140 Ber ksh ire Sl1 4H/, U K
1I1 T +44 (0)2072786971
0 Phi ladelphia, PA '9103-3399 E info@erlus.de F +44 (0)2078330018
c T +44 (0)1735 511 43'
USA www.erlus.de
('j F +44 (0)1735511 471 E floatupvp@ BTinternet.com
(ll T +1800 2257788
1I1 Escofet 1886 SA Flow Control Water
F +'2154'97400 Filsol Limited
Ronda Universitat 20 Conservation
www.etf-alochem.com Unit '5 , Po nthenr i
E 08007 Barcelo na Cons ervation House
Ind ust rial Estate
Enbiomass Group, Inc . Spain
Po nt henr i Bright o n Street
2229 Mason Po int Place T +34 (0)933185050
Carm arthen shire SA15 5RA Walla sey
Wi lmington , NC 28405 -5276 F +34 (0)93 4124465
UK M erseyside CH44 6Qj
USA E escofet@escofet.com UK
T +19102563998 www.escofet@escofet.com T +44 (0)1269860229
F +44 (0)1269860 979 T +44 (0)151 6388811
EnPac Europol F +44 (0)151 6384137
E info@f1lsl.co.uk
34355 Vok es D rive U nit ' 9A Forbo-Nairn Ltd
Eastl ake, OH 44095-004 7 H ilt o n Industr ial Estate Findlay Industries
PO Box 1
USA Sutt on Lan e, H il ton, 4000 Fo sto ria Ave
Kirk cald y
T +180093672 29 Derb yshir e Find lay, OH 45840
Fife KY l 2SB
F +1 440 9750047 oE655fE USA
Scot land , UK
E info@e npak.com UK T +141942213°2
T +44 (0)1592 643 111
www.enpac.com T +44 (0)1283 730355{730 354 Fingermax Gbr F +44(0)1592 643 999
Environmental Polymers E tjackson@polytec.co.uk
Pestalozz istrasse 54
Ford Motor Company
Group pic FanWing 80469 Munich
Customer Relations hip
4 Cranford Court P. Pebble s Germany Cen ter
Hardwick Grange Via Mandriola 10 T{F +49 (0)89 267417 PO Box 6248
Warrington 00193 Rome www.ftngermax.de Dearbo rn , MI 48 126
Che shire WAl 4 RX Italy
Fish Guidance Systems USA
UK T/F +39 (0)67 136263
Chase M ill www.ford.com
T +44 (0)1925 859 300 E info@fa nwing.co m
F +44 (0)1925 859 311 www.fanwing.com Winchester Road Frandsen Lyskilde AS
E info@epgplc.com Southampton 8-10lndustrivej
Feldmann & Schultchen
www.epgplc.com Hampshire S032 lAH OK-874° Braedstrup
7 Ti mm erm anns tr asse
UK Denmark
Environmental Stone 22299 Hamburg
Products T +44 (0)1489893323 T +45 (0)76581818
Germ any
PO Box 90 4
F +44 (0)1489893831 F +45 (0)76 5818'9
T +49(0)40 5'0000
6600 M id lan d Cou rt E fgs@f1sh·guide.com www.frandsen-lyskrld e.dk
F +49 (0)40517000
A llento n, WI 53°02 www.fsdesign.de www.fish-guide.com Franmar Chemical, Inc.
USA Fiskeby Board Ltd 105 East Lin coln
Festo AG & Co.
T +1888 629 1629 Lloy d Berkeley Place PO Box 92
Co rpo rate Design
E webmaster@ Pebble Lane N or m al, IL 61761
KC-Cl , H eugasse 1
environmentalstone.com Aylesbury U SA
73726 Esslingen
www.environmentalstone.com Buckingha m shir e HP20 2jH T +13094527526
Germany
Env iroSafe Products, Inc . UK T +1800 5385069
T +49 (0)711 3473880
81 Winant Place T +44 (0)1296426219 www.franmar.com
F +49 (0)711 3473889
Sta ten Island E tem@festo.com F +44 (0)1296482682 Fredericia Furniture AIS
N ew Yo rk, NY10309 -13" www.festo.com www.frskeby.com Trelde vej 183
USA OK-7000 Freder icia
Fiam Italia SpA Flamco
T +17189847272 Den m ark
Vi a Anco na l IB PO Box " 5
F +17189841083 T +45 (0)759233 44
61010 T avu ll ia 280 0 AC Go ud a
www.voicenet.com/- rusw/ prc/ F +45 (0)7592 3876
Pesor o Net herl an d s
rpg{plaslumb.htm E ml@fredericra.com
Italy T +3' (0)182591800
Epson Deutschland GmbH T +39 (0)721 2005' www.fredericia.com
F +3' (0)182522557
Zulpich er Str asse 6 F +39 (0)721 202432 Free-Flow Packaging
40 549 Dusseld o rf Flint Ink
E fiam@fiamita lia.it International, Inc .
Germany www.f ia rnitaha.it 245 East M arie Ave
1090 M ills Way
T +49 (0)211 56030 We st St Pau l, MN 55118 Redwood Cit y, CA 94063
Fiat Auto Spa
F +49 (0)211 5047787 USA USA
Co rso G Agn elli
www.epson.de T +16515523217 T +18008883725
10010 To nn o, Italy
Erlus Baustoffwerke AG F +16514552611 T +16503611771
T +39 (0)11 685 ""
H au ptstr asse 106 E sfleld@ninlink.com E tsutton@fpintl.com
F +39 (0)11 6837591
www .flm nnk.corn www.fpintl.com

8

Freepl ay Energy
Europ e Limited
Cirencester Business Park
G ibson Gu itars
Love Lane
Gloucester
GLl l XD
UK
T +44 (0)1285 659559
F +44 (0)1285 659559
E freeplay@lineone.net
Glas Platz
www.freeplay.net
Freuden berg Bu ild ing
Systems (Division of
Freuden berg Nonwovens LP)
Lutt erwo rt h
Leicestershire
lE174DU
Glindower Ziegelei GmbH
UK
T +44 (0)1455 261 240
F +44 (0)1455 556 5z9
E norauk@freudenberg.com
Fritz H ans en A/S
Fritz-H ansen UK
20-22 Rosebery Aven ue
Lon do n ECl R 4 SX
Gloria-Werke
UK
T +44 (0)20 78)7 20)0
F +44 (0)20 78)7 2040
E roh@fritzhansen.com .u k Goods
www.fritzhansen.com.uk
Fro nt Co rporat io n
3-13-1 Takad ano kata
Shinju ku-ku 169
Tokyo
Japan
T +81 (0)) ) )60 ))9' Govaerts Recycling NV
F +81 (0)) ))62 6)6)
Galleri Stolen A B
Birger )arlsgatan 57
11356 Stock holm
Sweden
T +46 (0)8 442 9150
F +46 (0)8 442 9151 GrammerAG
Einfo@galleristolen.se
www.gallertstolen.se
GebrUder Thonet GmbH
M ichael Tho net Strasse 1
35066 Fran kenb erg
Germ any
T +49 (0)64515080
F +49 (0)6451 508108 Green & Carter
Einfo@thonet.de
WWw.thonet.de
General Motors (USA)
WWw.gm.com
Gervason i SpA
Zona Indu striale Udenese
330 50 Pavia d i Ud ine
Italy Green Field Paper Company
T +)9 (0)4) Z 675377
F +)9 (0)4) 2 675755
Manufacturers and Suppliers
E gervasoni@ud.nettuno.it USA H ab itat
www.mfotech.ttrgervasc n! .j>.
T +1651552 )217 196 Tott enham Court Road
E jeff@greenfieldpaper.com London W1P 9LD, UK
0
;:0
309 Plus Park Blvd www.greenfieldpaper.com T +44 (0)207 255)6)6 I1l
VI
Nash vil le, TN 37217 GreenDisk F +44 (0)20 7255600 2 0
<:
USA 16398 N E 85th Street E presscah abrtat.co.uk n
T +1 615 8714500 I1l
Suite 100 H ahn Kunststoffe GmbH VI
F +16158895509
Redmond, WA98 052 Flugplatz Hahn
www.gibson.com
USA
Cebaude 1027
T +1425 88) 9165
554 83 Lautzenhausen
Ecken hagener Strasse 16 +1800 )05 )475
German y
51580 Reichshof-Allenbach F +142588) 0425
German y T +49 (0)654) 9886 a
www.greendisk.com
T +49 (0)2261 55557 F +49 (0)654) 9886 97
Greenwood Cotton E info@hahnkunststoffe.de
F +49 (0)226156717
E glas-platz@mail.oberberg.de Insulation Products, Inc .
Hans Grohe GmbH
PO Box 1017
Greenwood, sc 29648-1017
& Co. KG
Alpens trasse 47 Aues trasse 5-9
USA
14542 Glindow
T + 1800 546 1))2 77761 Schiltach
Germa ny
F +18009424814 Germ any
T +49 (0)))27 66490
T +49 (0)78)651 1211
F +49 (0)))2742662 Gridcore Systems
F +49 (0)78)651 1170
E info@glindower·ziegele i.de International (GSI)
E pressestelle@hansgrohe.com
www.glindower·ziegelei.de '4°° Canal Avenue
www. hansgrohe.com
Long Beach, CA 90813
see H . Schu lte -Frank enfeld USA Harwood Products
G m bH & Co. T +1562901 1492 PO Box 224
Ground Support Bransco mb , CA95417
218 Prinsengrach t Equipment (US) U SA
1016 H D Ams te rdam 11 Bro adw ay, Roo m 1010 T +17079846181
N eth erland s New Yo rk, NY 10004 F +1707 984 66)1
T +)1 (0)206)85908 USA www.harwoodproducts.com
F +)1 (0)206204457 T +12128094)2) Haworth, Inc.
E goods@goods.nl F +1 2128094)24
One H aw or t h Cente r
E biomorph@wa lrus.com
H o lland, MI 4 94 23
Kolmenstraat '324 www.biomorphdesk.com
USA
Industriepark Kolmen GrundigAG T +1616 )9) )000
3570 Aiken Kurgartenstr. 37 www.haworth.com
Belgiu m
90762 Furth
T +)2 (0)11 59 01 60 Hawlal Whiting
Germ any
F +)2 (0)11 ) 14) 0) Environmental
T +49 (0)911 70) 8149
Phoenix House
F +49 (0)911 7087)6
Post fach 1454 Christoph er Martin Road
E lessmann.lennart@grundig.com
92 22°4 Ambe rg Basildo n
or nandzik.andreas@grundig.com
Germ any Essex ss14 3EZ
H. Schulte-Frankenfeld
T +49 (0)9621880216 UK
GmbH &Co.
F +49 (0)9621880 )87
D iestedder Strasse 39
T +44 (0)12685)1 ' 55
E info@grammer.de
F +44 (0)126827) 555
www.grammer.de 59329 W aderslo h
Ge rm any E sb)o@dlal.pipex.com
T +49 (0)252) 77a www.hawtalwhiting.com
Vu lcan Wo rks
F +49 (0)252) 77295 Hemp Textiles International
Ash br ittl e
E dgoetze@gloria.de Corporation (H TI)
Ne ar W ell ingto n
Som erset TA21 OlQ
www.gloria.de 320 0 30 th St
UK Haasa Bell ingh am , WA98225-8360
T +44(0)182) 672)65 Biop ac G m bH USA
F +44(0)182) 672950 Ebrichsdo rfer St rasse 18 T +1)606501684
A 2512 Tribusw inkel F +1)60 650052)
' 330 G St Aus tria E hti@cantiva.com
,
San Diego, CA9210 1 T +4) (0)225280) 472) www.cantiva.com
@
I Manufacturers and Suppliers
Henne Kunststoff GmbH
.j>.
Am Bahnh o f 2
o ' 729' Gollm itz
;;0
ro G erm any
til
0 T +49 (0)3 9852700 50
c F +49 (0)3 98 52700 51
n
ro
til
H erman Miller, Inc,
855 East M ain Ave
PO Box 302
Zeeland , MI 49464-0302
USA
www.hermanmiller.com
Hermes (France)
www.hermes.com
Hess Naturtextil ien GmbH
Marie-Cur ie Str. 7
35510 Butzbach, Germ any
E hess@hess·n atur .com
www.hess-natur.com
Hock Vertriebs GmbH
& Co. KG
Industriestrasse 7
76297 Stutensee-Spock
Germ any
T +49 (0)7249 94 71 0
F +49 (0)7249947125
E hock@thermo-hanfde
Holzweg (German y)
c/o Cons t ruction
Reso u rces Ltd
, 6 Gr eat Gu ild fo rd St reet
Lo nd o n SE, OHS, U K
T +44 (0)20 74502211
Homasote Compan y
PO Box 7240
Wes t Tr ent o n
N I 0 86 28-02 40 , USA
T +1 609 8833300
F +160988 33497
www.homosote.com
H o nda (Japan)
www .honda.com
Hoover Group
Pentrebach, Merthyr Tyd fil
M id Glamorgan CF4 8 4TU
UK
T +44 (0)1685721222
F +44 (0)1685725696
Hopton Technologies
Alban y, OR, USA
T +1800 346 525'
E jeffr@hoptontech.com
www .hoptontech.com
H u lsta -Werke
H uls GmbH & Co. KG
Postfach 12'2
48693 Stadt loh n
Germany
T +49 (0)22 63 86 1273
F +49 (0)226386 '400
8
E inro@huelsta.de
www.huelsta.de
Hunton Fiber (UK) Ltd
22A H igh Street
Irth lingbo ro ugh IK EA of Sw ed en
N o rt hant s NN9 5TN, UK
T +44 (0)1933 651 811
F +44 (0)1933652747
E hunton@compuserve.com
Hu rum Fabri kker AS
Postboks , 33
3481 Toft e, Norway
I nd uced Ener gy Ltd
T +47 (0)32 79 95 00
Husqvarna
see Elect ro lux
l ain Sinclair Des ign
Willow House
In ne r Tube Ltd
H ildersham
Cambridge cei 6av
UK
T +44 (0)1223803363
F +44 (0)1223 892 611
E kam75@dial.plpex.com
IBM Corporation
IBM Per so nal Syste m s
Ins ulholz-Beton
G roup De sign
I nternational, Inc.
3039 Cornwal lis Ro ad
Research T riangle Park
NC 27709
U SA
T +19192548650
F +19192548385
E HDa vid@u s.ibm.com
ICI Am ericas
Interface, Inc,
Co nco rd Plaza
34 11 Silv ersi de Rd
W ilm ing ton , DE '98' 0
USA
T +1302 8875858
F +13028875857
E cL antone lli@ici.com
www.lci.com
IFCO, International Food Interfold
Container Organisation
GmbH
Zugspitzst rasse '5
82049 Pull ach
In x International In k Co ,
Germ any
T +49 (0)89 7449 '3 11
F +49 (0)897449 ' 3 92
Ifo San itar AB
295 22 Bro m o lla
Sw eden
T +46 (0)456480 00
F +46 (0)456 480 48 Isobord Enterprises
E info@ifo. se
www.ifo.se
Ifor m AB/lnredningsform
PO Box 5055
David shallsgatan 20
20 0 7' Malmo, Sweden
T +46 (0)40 303610
F +46 (0)40302288
E info@iform .net
www .ifo rm .net
Box 702 , Almhult
343 81 Srnaland
Sw eden
T +46 (0)47 68 10 00
F +46 (0)4761 51 23
www .ikea.corn
Sould ern M ano r
Bicester
Oxfordshire ox 27 91T, UK
T +44 (0) 18693 45746
F +44 (0)1869 346 05'
Un it B,
Th e W ren Cent re
Westbou rne Road
Em swo rt h
H am pshire
UK
T +44 (0)2392433433
57' O ak Rid ge Club Rd
Windsor, sc 298 56-2146
U SA
T +1803 642 9346
F +1803 642 6361
E raswall@faswall.com
www.faswall.com
Co rpo rate H ead qu art ers
2859 Paces Ferr y Road
Suite 2000
Atlanta , GA30399
USA
T +1770 4376800
www.interfaceinc.com
PO Box 3396
Santa Rosa, CA95402
USA
65' Bo nn ie Lane
Elk Gr ove Vi llage , IL 60007
USA
T +1847 9819399
F +1847 9819447
E m oravec@ inxintl.com
www .inxink.com
'3 00 SW Fifth Avenue
Suite 3030
Portland , OR 97201
USA
T +15032427345
E isobord@ isobord-sale s.com
www.isobord.com
www.isobordenterprises.com
Jiffy Packaging Company Ltd
Road Four In dus trial Estate
Winsford
Cheshi re CW7 3QR, UK
T +44 (0)1606 5)1221
F +44 (0)1606 592 634
Johnson Co rrugated Prod ucts
Box 246 , Rte ' 93
Tho m pso n, CT 062 77
USA
T +18609239563
F +186092325 31
E info@jcpc.com
www .jcpc.com
Johnson Matthey
Catalyt ic System Division
O rchard Road
Royston
He rtfo rds hi re 5G8 9HE, UK
T +44 (0)1763 253 370
F +44 (0)1763253011
www.matthey.com
Josef Meeth Fensterfabrik
GmbH &CO, KG
Mont real
54533 Laufeld , Germa ny
T +49 (0) 6572 810
F +49 (0)657281 148
Junghans Uhren Gmb H
Geisshald enstrasse 49
787'3 Schr am berg
Germany
T +49 (0)7422 18360
F +49 (0)742218 667
E birgit.binder@junghans.de
www .junghans.de
Kaf us Bio-Composites
4955 Beck D r.
Elkhart , IN 465,6, USA
T +12192953777
E gbalthes@kafus.com
www.kafus.com/divisic nsf
biocomposites .html
Kafus Env i ronmental
Industries
270 Brid ge St reet
Dedham , MA 0 202 6
USA
T +1888 3335377
F +17813265105
E tfrancel@kafus.com
www .kafus.com
Kartell SpA
Via delle Industrie ,
No viglio
20082 Milan , Italy
T +39 (0)2 9000121
F +39 (0)2 9053316
www .karteIJ.it

Kautzky Mechanik
schbffelgasse 26'28
A,,80 Vienna
Austria
T +43 (0)14724252
Kayserberg Packaging SA
nS Plastiques
Route de Lapoutroie
BP 27
68240 Kayserberg
France
T +33 (0)389 7830 00
F+33 (0)3 89 47 18 56
www.kpsa·plastics.com
Keim Mineral Paints
Muckley Cross, Morville
Near Bridgend
Shropshire MV16 4RR
UK
T +44(0)1746 714 543
KFN Kaufmann
Produkt GmbH
Sagerstra sse 4
A6850 Dornb irn
Austria
T +43 (ol 5572 26 2 83
F+43 (0)5572 26283'4
Eoffice@kaufmannkaufmann.
com
www.kfnproduct.com
Klober Limit ed
Pear Tree Industri al Estate
Upper Langford
North Somerset 8S40 5DI
UK
T +44(0)1934 853 224/5
F+44 (0)1934853 221
Esupport@klober.co.uk
www.klober.co.uk
KopfAG
Stutzenstr. 6
72172Sulz-Borgfelden
Germany
T +49(0)745475285
Eh.stark@kopf-ag.de
www.kopf-ag.de
KPProducts
PO Box 20399
Albuquerque
NM 87154-°399
USA
T +1 505294 0293
Ekenafman@aol,com
WWw.visionpaper.com
Kronospan AG
Dekorative Holzwerkstoffe
CH 6122M enznau
Switzerland
1IIh
Manufacturers and Suppliers
T +4' (0)41494 94 94 Leahy Wolf Company M aderon Ronda
F+4' (0)41 4940 4 49 1951 Nort h zyth Avenue San Pedro 58 3-2 -l'-
E s.wiederkehr @ kron o span.ch Franklin Park E 08010 Barcelona
0
;;0
www.krono span.ch Il 60 ' 3 3595 Spain I't1
USA "
Vl
Kucospan Sales UK Ltd 0
L1NPAC Environmental c
T +1888 873 5327
Peverel House
F+1 8474555700
l.eafleld Way n
I't1
The Green
l.eafield Industri al Estate Vl
H atfield Peverel www.ia-usa.org/ aoo 14 ·htm
Corsham
Essex CM3 21F, UK Leclanche
Wiltshire SN 139UD
T +44 (0)1245382168 48 Avenue de Grandson
UK
F +44 (0)1245382207 CH 1401 Yverdon
T +44(0)1225 816 500
E pjcart er@ kucospan.co.uk Switzerland
F +44 (0)1 225816501
K·X Faswall Corp T +4' (0)24 4472272
www.linpac-enviro nmental.com
PO Box 18o F+4' (0)24445 244 2
Living Tree Paper Company
Windso r, SC 29856 Ledtronics
USA USA ' 430 Willamette St
T +1800 4917891 www.ledtronics.com Ste 367
F +1 8036426361 Eugene, OR 974°1'4°49
Levi St rauss & Co.
www.faswall.com USA
Global Headquarters
T +1800 309 2974
Kyocera Corporati on " 55 Battery Street
F +15416877744
Japan and UK San Francisco, CA 9411 1
E info@ livingt reepaper.co m
www.kyocera.com USA
www .livingtreepaper.com
La Chanvriere de I' Aube www.levistrauss.com
www.levi.com Livas Pflanzenchern ie
(LDCA m at eriaux]
Auengrund 10
Rue du General de Gaulle Lew San Limi ted
29568 Weisen
10200 Bar sur Aube 3 Sutton Gardens
Germany
France Hornchurch
T +49 (0)5825880
T +33 (0)32592 3195 EssexRM12 4l D
F +33 (0)3252735 48 UK F +49 (0)58258860
E chanvriere.auberpwanadoo.fr T +44 (0)1708473 842 Lloyd Loom of Spaldi ng
www.chanvre.com F +44 (0)1708524389 Wardentree Lane
E stmate@dircon .co.uk
Lakeland Paints Pinchbeck, Spald ing
www.stairmate.co.uk
Un it 19 Lincs PEll 3SY
Lake District Business Park Lexon Design Concepts UK
Kendal 98 ter. Boulevard Heloi se T +44 (0)177571 2111
Cumbr ia LA9 6NH BP 103 F +44(0)1775710571
UK 951 0 3 Argenteuil Cedex E info@lIoydloom_com
T +44 (0)1539 732 866 France www.lloydloom.com
F+44 (0)1539 734 400 T +33 (0)1 3947 04 00
LRC Products
Lampho lder 2000 pic F +33 (0)139 4707 59
c/o Durex
Unit 8, Express Park E world@ lexon-design.co m
www.lexon-d eslgn.co m
SSL International
Garrard Way
Toft Hall
Telford Way Industr ial Light Corpo ration
Toft Road
Estate (South) 14800 172nd Avenue
Knutsford
Kettering Grand Haven, MI 49417
Cheshire WA16 9PD
Northamptonshire USA
UK
NN168m T +1 616842 5100
UK T +44 (0)1565624000
F +1616 846 2144
F+44 (0)1565624099
T +44 (0)1536 520 101 E info@lightcorp.com
F+44 (0)153652301 4 www.lightcorp.com www.durex.com
Laybond Produ ct s ltd Ligne Roset SA LSK Indu st ries Ply
Riverside Serrieres de Briord 92 Woodfie ld Boulevard
Saltney 01471 Briord Caringbah
Chester CH4 8RS France NSW 2229
UK T +33 (0)47436 1700 Australia
T +44 (0)1244674774 F +33 (0)474 361695 T +61 (0)295258544
F+44 (0)1244 681601 Ligno cel SA +61 (0)2 95257601
c/ o Offi cina de Prom ocion
8
_
 Manufacturers and Suppliers
LSR GmbH Recycling - M asonite Corpo ration
.... Zentrum 1 South Wacker Drive
Metpost Limi ted
M ardy Road
Moonlight Aussenleuc hten
GmbH
0 Wachstedter Str. 1-5
;a 36th floor Cardiff CF3 8EX Gewerbegebiet Hemm et
rtl 3735' Dingelstadt Chicago, IL 60606 UK
VI 79664 Wehr
0 Germany USA
t: T +44 (0)2920777877 Germany
T +49 (01J6075 J81 0
~ T +1 312 750 0900 F+44 (0)2920779295
rtl F+49 (0)J6075 J81 18 F +1 J12 750 0958 T +49 (0)7762 1018
VI www.metpost.com
E Isr-dingelstaedt@t-online.de E comrn@ipaper.com F+49 (0)7762 220J
www.lsr-recydur.de M GSL Gm bH www.moo nlight.
M asonite CP
Deichstrasse 6 outdoorlighting.de
Luceplan SpA West Wing
Via E.T. Moneta 44/46 25335 Elm shorn
Jason House M oorm ann Mabel
20161 Milan Germany
Kercyhill An der Festhalle 2
Italy T +49 (0)4121 260717
Hosforth 83229 Aschau im
T +J9(0)266242 1 F+49 (0)4121 260779
Leeds
F +J9(0)26620J400 Esteffens@mgsl.de Chiemgau
West Yorkshire LS18 4JR
E luceplan@luceplan.it Germany
UK Michael Kaufm ann Zimmerei
www.luceplan.it Baien 116 T +49 (0)8052 40 01
T +44 (0)l1J2 587 689
Lumatech Corpor ation F+44 (0)l1J2 590015 A 6870 Reuthe F+49 (0)8052 4J9J
41636 Enterprise Circle Austr ia MSK Corporation
Mass achusetts Instit ut e
No rth , Suite C T +4J(0)55142209
ofTechno logy Japan
Temecula, CA 9259° F+4J (0)55'4J275
77 M assachusett s Avenue www.sLeduj ndmj exhibj sunj
USA
Cambridge, MA 02139 Mic ro Thermal Systems 4jkk.html
T +1800 9J206J7
USA Tregonce Cliff
F +1 800 J45 5862 Mu scle Power, MOY
T +1617 2531000 St Issey
www.lumatech.com Concept and Design
http:/ /web.mit.edu Wadebridge
LUMINO Licht Netherlands
Matrix Compos ites , Inc Cornwall
Elecktronik GmbH E info@moy.nl
6310 Shawson Drive PL277Q3
47799 Krefeld
M ississauga UK National Starch &
Germany
ONT L5T lH5 T +44 (0)1208 81J028 Chemical Company
T +49 (0)2151819625
Canada F+44 (0)1208 81J 026 10 Finderne Ave
F +49 (0)2151 819659
Emfullert@lumino.de T +1 800 767 4495 E stomatex@compuserve.com Bridgewater, NJ08807-3300
www.lumino.de www.maderatile.com
M illiken & Co. USA
MAN B & W Diesel AG MOD (Denma rk) Carpet Division T +1800 797 4992
MA N Nutzfah rzeuge www.mdd.dk USA F+1 9084175696
Aktiengesellschaft Meadowood Industri es, Inc. T +1 706880 5511 Ebill.greenhalgh@nstarch.com
Postfach 5006 20 33242 Red Bridge Rd SE www. rnillikenca rpet.co m www.nationalstarch.com
80976 Munich Albany, OR 97321 -9769 M inolta (Japan) Natural Choice, The
Germany USA
www.m inolt a.com rjapanr USA
T +49 (0189 15 08 01 T +154'259 lJOJ
www.man-nutzfahrzeuge.de Monodraught www.cikcs.cornj naturak hoice
F +1 54' 259 lJ55
www.mbd.man.de E strawboard@proaxis.com Halifax House jindex.htm
M AP (M erchant s of www.meadowoodindustries.com Cressex Business Park
Nat ural Cotton Colors , Inc.
Australia Products ) Ply Ltd High Wycombe
Met a Morf Inc. PO Box 66
570 Chapel Street Buckingham shire
c/o Colin Reedy Wickenburg, AZ 85358
Sth Yarra HP123SE
2700 4th Avenue Sout h USA
Melbourne, Victoria 3141 UK
Seatt le, WA 98134
Australia T +44 (0)1494 897700 TjF +1 520 6847199
USA
F+44 (011494 5J2 465 E nodyes@foxfibre.com
Ma rlec Engineering Co, Ltd T +1 20690J6JJ2
Rutland House E info@monodraught.com www.foxfibre.com
F +1 20622J 085J
Trevithick Road Ecolin@metamorfdesign.com sunpipe@monodraught.com Natural Fibers Corporation
Cor by www.metamorfdesign.com Monotub Industries Airport Road
Northamp tonshire 212 Piccadilly
M etaboli x, Inc, Box 830
NN175XY London WIV 9LD
303 3rd St Ogallala, NE69153
UK
Cambridge, MA 02142-1126 UK USA
T +44 (0115J6 201588
USA T +44 (0)207917 186J T +1 J08284840J
F +44(0)15J6 400 211
T +1 6174920505 F+44 (0)2079'7 188J Eogallala@megavision.com
E sales@marlec.co.uk
F+16174921996 www.monotub.com
www.marlec.co.uk www.ogallaladown.com
E info@metabolix.com

@
 Manufacturers and Suppliers
NEC Deutschland GmbH 6-1, l -Chome, Kanda E nOlJotex@green-cott on.dk Danvers , MA01923
Steinheilst rasse 4-6 Kinbo-cho , Chiyoda-ku www.green-cotton.dk USA .j>.

85737 Ism anin Tokyo 101 Nuno Corporation T +1978777'900 0

;:0
Germ any Japan Axis Bu ilding Bl F E +19787502152 (J)
www.sylvania.com V1
T '49 (0)89 96274 376 T +8, (0)3329693 13/9204 5-17-1 Roppong i 0
F +49 (0)89 96274 547 F +8, (0)332969250 M inat o-ku Ostermann & Sche iwe
c
wYfW.nec.cOm Nordsjo (Akzo Nobel Tok yo 106 Hafe nweg 31
n
(J)
V1
Netlon Group Limited, The Dekorativ) Japan 48155 Munster
New Wellington Street 2051 ]'Malmb T +8, (0)335827997 Germ any
Blackburn Sweden F +81 (0)335893439 www.ostermann-scheiwe.com
Lancashire BB2 4PJ T +46 (0)40 35 5000 Nutshell Natural Paints Ostermann & Scheiwe
UK F '46 (0)4060152 23 Ham lyn H ouse UK Ltd
T +44 (0)1254 26243 Norel/Unisource Mardle Way Osmo House
'
F ' 44 (0)'254266868 223 Gate s Road Buckfastleigh Un it 2
E customerservices@tensar.co.uk Little Ferry, NJ07643 Devon ron ONR, U K Pembr oke Road
New Leaf Paper USA T +44 (0)13647380' Stockla ke Industri al Est ate
215 Leidesd orff St T + 1 201 44° 4400 E nuts@nu tshellp aints. Aylesbu ry
Suite 4 F + 1 201 440 9292 freeserve .co.uk Bucks HP20 lOB, U K
San Francisco, CA94 111 E sales@norel.com NuvoMedia, Inc , T +44 (0)1296481 220
USA www.norel.com 310 Villa Street www.ostermann-scheiwe.com
T +1 4 ' 5 291 9210 North Wood Plast ics , Inc. Mountain View Osterreichische
F T1 4'529' 9353 103 Water Street CA94°41 USA Heraklith AG
E info@newleafpaper.com T +' 6503 14 ' 200
Baraboo, WI 53913-2446 Postfach 31
www.newleafpaper.com USA F +1 6so 314 1201 A 9586 Furnitz, Au str ia
News Design DfE AB T +1 6083554100 E info@nuvomedia.com T +49 (0)42573370 0
Stora Skuccanas V. 11 www .nuvomedia.com F +49 (0)42573370 57
Nova Cruz Products LLC
11 5 42 Stockholm '537 Hami lton Aven ue Ocean Kayak (USA) O xo International
Sweden Palo Alto , CA 9430 1 www.oceankayak.com 230 Fift h Avenue
T '46 (0)8 153929 USA znd Floor
Old Fashioned Milk
F +46 (0)8 153926 T +1 60386837081 Ne w York, NY 100 01, USA
Paint Company
N Fornitore +1888 353 4464 436 M ain St T +' 212242 3333
Italy E sales@no vacruz.com Groton, MA01450-1232 F +1 212 2423336
c/o Purves and Purves www .xootr.co m USA E info@oxo.com
220-224 Tott enham Nova Form T +1978 448 6336 WWW. QXQ.c o m

Court Road Schbrgelgasse 21 F +1 9784482754 P T Sudimar Energ i Surya

London WlT 7QE A-80 1OGraz
UK
Austr ia
T +44 (0)2075808223
T '43 (0)3' 6 82 2263
Nighteye G m bH F +43 (0)316 82 2334
Daim lerstrasse '3-15 E novaform@novaform.com
73249 Wern au www.novaform.com
Germ any
Novamont SpA
T '49 (0)7153 937833 N ovara, Italy
F +49 (0)7153937832
T +39 (0) 321699611
Einfo@nighteye.de
E relazioni .esterne@nova
www.nighteye.de
mont.corn
Nils H olger Moormann www.novament.com
Mobel Produktions- und
Novon Internat ional
Handels GmbH
181Co ope r Avenue
Kirchplatz
Tonawand a, NY 14150-664
83229 Aschau
USA
Germ any
T +' 7,6874 8696
T '49 (0)8052 9045
F T1 7168748699
F '49 (0)8052 4393 E in fo@n ovon intl. com
E infor@moormann.de
www. novonintl.com
WWW.moormann.de
Novotex A/S
Elleh ammervej 8
Niss a Engi neeri ng
7430 tkast
Co Ltd (NSE)
Den m ark
Nob uhiro Saito
T '45 (0)96 60 68 00
Tokyo Takii Bldg.
F +45 (0)96606810
www.m ilkpaint .com
Optare International
Ma nstone Lane
Leed s
W . Yor ks LS15 8su
UK
T +44 (0)113 264 5182
F +44 (0)11 3 260 6635
Orange
Orange Media Centre
50 George Street
London W1H 5Rf
UK
T +44 (0)20 79842000
F +44 (0)2079842001
E m edi a.centre@o range.co. uk
www.media.ora nge.net
ORBITA Film GmbH
ko thne r St r. 11
063 69 Weissand t-Gb lza u
Germany
T +49 (0)34078270
F +49 (0)3407827376
O sram Sylvan ia
No rt h Amer ica HQ
100 End icott Street
[alan Banyumas 4
Jakarta 10310
Ind onesia
T +62 (0)2' 390407
F +62 (0)21 361639
P. Schiebel Elektronische
GerateAG
M argarete nstrasse 112
A 1050 Vienn a
Au stria
T +43 (0)1548260
F +43 (0)15452339
Pacific Northwest Fiber
PO Box 610
Plummer, ID 83851
USA
T +' 208 686 6800
F +1 20868 668 10
E ccntacrgi pacificfiber.ccm
www.padficflber.com
Palluco ltal ia SpA
Via Azzi 36
Castagnole de Paese
310 40 Tre viso
Italy
T +390 (0)422438800

@
 Manufacturers and Suppliers
Papa -Papel Phenix Biocomposites T +1619 5495' 30 PowerMakers Plus
.j:>.
c/o Enderecoda PO Box 609 F +1619 5495133 Limited
0 Fiesp /Ciesp Mankato, MN 56002-0609 Croft Business Park
;;0 Plastics Fth Industry Ltd
(J) Av_Paulista, 1.313 USA The Stables Bromborough
III
0 Cerqueira Cesar T +1 50793' 9787 Sandhoime M ill Wirral
c Sao Paulo/sP-CEP +1 800324 81 47 Cheshire cH62 3RB
;:;(J) Commerc ial Street
UK
01 311-923 F +150793'5573 Todmorden
III
Brazil E sales@phenixllc.com
Lancashire 0L1 4 5RH T +44 (0)15 1 343 0080
T +55 (0)11 252 4499 www.phenebccc rnposues.cc rn
UK F +44 (0)151 3430081

Paperback Philips Electronics NV T +44 (0)1706817784 Prairie Forest Products

Unit 2
Bow Triangle
Business Centre
Eleanor Street
London E3 4NP
UK
T +44 (0)2089805580
F +44(0)20 8980 2399
Partek Insulations, Inc. Pierce International, Inc.
40' Westpark Drive 202
Peachtree City, GA 30269
USA
Patagonia
239 W. Santa Clara Street
Pinnacle Technology ,
Ventur a, CA 93°0 1
Inc. (PTI)
USA
T +18056438616
www.patagonia.com
P.C.D. Maltron Ltd
'5 Orchard Lane
East Mo lesey
Surrey KT8 OBN
UK
Pinturas Proa
T +44(0)2083983265
E sales@ malt ron.com
www. maltron.co m
Pendlewood
The Old Officers Mess
Barton Aerodrome
Barton
Salford Planet
Manchester M30 7SA
UK
T +44 (0)161 789 4441
F +44(0)161 7877400
Peugeot
France
www.psa.fr Planex GmbH
Peugeot Motor Co. Pic
Aldermore House
PO Box 227
Aldermore Lane
Coventry
Warwickshire cvj 1LT
UK Plant Polymer
T +44 (0)24 7688 4212 Technologies, Inc.
F +44(0)24 7688 4122
www. peugeoLco.u k
Building HWD F +44(0)1706817227 200 S Obee Rd
PO Box 218 Eplasfth@msn.com Hutch inson, KS67501
5600 M D Eindhoven USA
Polti SpA
Netherlands Via Verloni 83 T +1316 6657000
T +3' (0)402759066 22070 Bulgarograsso (CO) Primeboard , Inc.
F +3' (0)40275909' Italy 2lll North 3M Drive
E annemieke.froger@philips.com Wahpeton, ND58075-3019
T +39 (0)3' 939 III
www.philips.com USA
F +39 (0)3' 890513
E contabilita@polti .it T +17016421152
PO Box 4871 www. polti.it F +1 701 642 1154
Englewood, co 80155 E sales@primeboard.com
Poly-Beek-Kunststoff.
USA www .primeboard .co m
Handels GmbH
T +13°3792 0719 Prins Dokkum BV
Schmidestr. 34
F +1 303 7996469 Rondweg 35
26629 Grossefehn
Germany PO Box 4
T +49 (0)4943 91990 9100 AA Dokkum
619 East 8th, Suite D F +49 (0)49434744
Netherlands
Lawrence, KS 66044 E info@polybeek.de E prinsdokkum@niv-
USA webhosting.com
Polyval pic www.prins-dokkum.nl
T +1785832 8866
Priors Hall
F +1 785 749 9214 Product 2000 Ltd
Stebbing
E info@pinn aclet.com Archfarm Industrial Estate
Dunmow
www.pinnaclet.com Whits bury Road
Essesx cM6 3sW
UK Fordingbridge
Hampshire sp6 lNQ
Industri as Proa SA T +44 (0) 1371 856 791
UK
San Salvador de Budirio F +44 (0)1371 856 791
T +44 (0)1 425 652 226
Canderas de Prado
Porous Pipe Ltd F +44 (0)1425 657 288
36475 Perrino (Pontevedra)
Standroyd M ill
Spain PURUS Kunststoffwerke
Cottont ree, Colne
T +34 (0)986 346525 GmbH
Lancashire
F +34 (0)986346589 Am Blatterrangen 4
BB8 7BW
95659 Arzberg, Germany
UK
c/ o Creative Energy T +44 (0)1282 871 778
T +49(0)9233 7755 °
Technologies F +49 (0)92337755 50
F+44 (0)1282871785
M ain St E pu rus-kunststo ffwerke
Potmolen Paints @pur us·arzberg.de
Summit , NY12175
USA 27 Woodcock
Radius GmbH
Industri al Estate
www.cetsolar.comyplanetdc.htrn 145Weisser Strasse
Warminster
50999 Cologne
Wiltsh ire BA12 9DX
Steinauer Weg Germany
UK
91589Aurach T +49 (0)2232 763632
T +44(0)1985213931
Germany F +49 (0)2232 7636 30
F +44(0)1985 213 960 E radius.design@netcologne.de
T +49 (0)9804 1780
Powabyke Ltd Rayotec Limited
F+49 (0) 9804 7207
E ro st@planex .com
6 Riverside Business Park London Road
Bath BA2 3DW Sunningdale
UK Berkshire sl 5 ODJ
T +44 (0)1225443737 UK
9985 Businesspark F+44 (0)1225 446 878 T +44 (0)1344 874 747
Ave, Suite A E sales@ powaby ke.com
San Diego, CA 92' 3' -1102 F +44 (0)1344 872030
www.powabyke.com
USA

@
Recycled Plast ics, Inc. Gate House F +44 (0)1332 249 936 Isle of Wight P03' 7UT, UK
www.rolls-royce.com .j>.
609 Co. Rd 82 NW Castle Estate T +44 (0)1983 299935
Turnp ike Road F +44 (0)1983 299069 0
Garfield, MN 56332 Ron Ink Company
High Wycombe E AAaxylon@ao1.com Al
USA 200 Trade Cou rt III
VI
T +13208342293 Buckingham shire Rochester, NY ' 4624-477' Schafer Werke GmbH 0
F +13208342290 HP123NR, UK USA
c
Egipo@gctel.com Rexite SpA T +1 800833 7)83
Pfannenbergstrasse 1
57290 Neunkirchen
n
III
VI
www .gipo·rpi.co m Via Edison 7 F +1 7165293519 Germany
Red Bank Manufactur ing Ltd 20090 Cusago Rothl isberger T +49 (0)2735 787 273
Atherstone Road Milan, Italy Schreinere i AG F +49 (0)2735787284
Measham T +39(0)29039 0013 Dorfstrasse 73 Eh.schlabach@
Swadlincote F +39(0)290390018 CH 3073Cumligen schaefer-werke.de
Derbyshire OE1 2 7EL Switzerland www.schaefer-werke.de
riese und muller GmbH
UK Erbacher Strasse 1Z3 T +4' (0)3' 95' 41 17 Schauman Wood Oy
T +44(0)1530 270 333/54 2 64287 Darm stadt F +41 (0)3' 95' 16 52/3563 Niemenkatu 16
ReedCorrugated Cases Germ any Safeglass (Europe) Ltd PO Box 203
see Sams Design T +49 (0)6151 424034 James Watt Building 15141 Lahti
F +49 (0)6151 424036 Scottish Enterpr ise Finland
REEEL
52 Marconistr at E team@r-m.de Technology Park T +358 2041511 3
www.r-m.de East Kilbride F +358 20415 112
3029 AK Rot terdam
Netherlands Ritter Energie und Glasgow G75 ooo, UK E sch aum anwood@
T +3' (0)10925 4612 Umwelttechnik T +44 (0)1355272438 upm-kymmene.com
F +3' (0)10 9257603 GmbH &Co. KG F +44 (0)' 355 272 555 Scholler Textil AG
Ettlinger Strasse 30 E info@safeglass.co.uk Bahnhofstrasse
Rein
(Australia with Wiggly 76307 Karlsbad www.safeglass.co.uk CH 9475 Sevelen
Wigglers, UK) Germ any Saitek Indus tri es Ltd Switzerland
Lower Blakemere Farm T +49 (0)7202 9220 2295 Jefferson Street T +4' (0)81 7860835
Blakemere F +49 (0)7202 922100 Torrance, CA 9°501 SciMAT Limited
Herefordshire E ritter @ paracligma .de USA Dorcan 200
HR2 9px, UK www.paradigma.de T +131 0 212 5412 Mu rdock Road
T +44(0)1 981500 39 Robert Cullen & Sons F +1 310 212 0 866 Dorcan
'
F +44(0)1981500 108 Limited E in fo@sait ekusa.com Swindon
www.wigglywigglers.co.uk 10 Dawsholm Avenue www.sartekusa.com Wiltsh ire SN3 SHY, UK
Remarkable Pencil s Ltd Glasgow G20 OTS, UK Sanford UK T +44(0)1793 511 160
Worlds End Studios T +44 (0)'4' 945 2222 Berol House F +44 (0)1793 533 352
134Lots Road F +44 (0)14 1 9453567 Oldmeadow Road E sales @scimat.co.uk
London SW10 ORI, UK E sales@cullen.co.uk King's Lynn www.sci m at.co.uk
T +44(0)207351 4333 www.cullen-packaging.co.uk Norfol k PE30 41R, UK Sculptures-Jeux
F +44(0)2073524729 Rodman Indus tr ies T +44 (0)1553761221 18 rue Dornat
E info@re·markable.com PO Box 76 F +44(0)1553 766534 75005 Paris, France
Re-NewWood Marinette, WI 54143 E mail@sanford.co.uk T +33 (0)1 43 5420 39
104 N. 8th USA SAVAWatt (UK) Ltd F +33 (0)1 43 548332
PO Box 1093 T +1 7157359500 SAVA Building E sculptures.jeux@wana dooJr
Wagoner, OK74467, USA Rohner Textil AG Waterloo Industrial Estate sdb Industries BV
T +1800 4207576 CH 9435 Heerbru gg Bidford on Avon PO Box 2197
F +1 9184855803 Switzerland Warwickshi re 650 41H, UK 5202 CD 's-Hertogenbosch
www-renewwood.corn T/F +44 (0)1789490
T +4' (0)61 722 2218 Netherlands
Re-Reluma Gmb H F +4' (0)617227152 E enquirie s@savawatt.com
T +3' (0)7) 6333 91 33
Bahnhofstr. 32a www.savawatt.com F +3' (0)7J 63133 85
Roland Plastics
09518Crossruckerswalde/ Strid a Limited Save A Cup E info@sdb-ind u5tries.nl
Steckewalde, Germ any Recycling Company www.sdb-industries.nl
Wickham M arket
T +49(0)37369 136 0 Woodbrid ge Suite 2, Bridge House Sensor Systems Watchman
F +49 (0)37369 136 66 Bridge Street
Suffolk IP' 3 ooz, UK Shaerf Drive
E reluma.t-online.de
T +44 (0)1728747777 High Wycombe Lurgan, Craigavon
Retail Place Ltd F +44 (0)1728748222 Buckinghamshire County Arm agh
34A Campden Hill Gardens E stri d a@rolan dplas tics.co.u k HPll 2EL, UK Northern Ireland
London w8 7AZ, UK T +44 (0)1 494510167 6T66 8DE, UK
Rolls Royce
T +44(0)20 7727 0486 F +44 (0)1494 510,68 T +44(0)1762 321 111
PO Box 3'
F +44(0)207221 7012
Derby Save Wood Products Ltd F +44 (0)1762 324444
Rexam Derbyshire OE24 861. UK Amazon Works E sales@s enso r·systems.com
c/o Recycled UK T +44(0)1332 242424 Three Gates Road, Cowes www.sensor-systems.com

@
I
Manufacturers and Suppliers
Showa Highpolymer Co.
.j>.
Kand a Chu o Bldg
0 3-20 Kanda Ni sh iki-ch o
;>:J
Chiyod a-ku
"'0
VI
<:
Tokyo 101, Japan
T +8, (0)332938844
n F +81 (0)332330137
"'
VI
Simplex Products
PO Box 10
Adr ian , MI 49 221-0010
USA
T +' \172638881
Simplicitas
Gr evgata n 19
11 4 52 Stockho lm
Swede n
T +46 (0)8 66, 00 91
F +46 (0)8 661 00 97
www.simplicitas.se
Skoot International Limited
24 Peartree Business Cent re
Peartree Road
Stanway
Essex co j 5JN, UK
T +44 (0)'20 6 \42 \42
F +44 (0)' 206 \42 \43
Skystreme UK Ltd
367 High Stre et
Brent ford
Midd lesex TW8 080, UK
T +44 (0)20 8\60 6872
F +44 (0)208\698\81
E kas09@dial.pipex.com
www. skystreme.uk.net
SLI Lighting Ltd
Otley Road
Cha rlestown
Shipley, West Yorkshire
8017 7SN,UK
T +44 (0)1274 \37 777
F +44 (0)'274 \97 683
Slough Rubber
Company Ltd
441 Perth Avenue
Slough Trad ing Estate
Slou gh
Berkshir e Sll 4TS, UK
T +44 (0)17\3\70438
F +44 (0)17\3 \30 '78
www.sloughrubber.co.uk
SmartDeck Systems
2600 W. Roosevelt Ro ad
Chicago, Il 60608
U SA
E info@smartdeck.com
www.smartdeck.com
Sm ith & Fong Company
Plyboo Bamboo Produ cts
601 Grandview Drive S.
San Francisco, CA94080
USA
0
T +' 6\0872 1184
F +' 6\0872 118\
E infe@plybee.cem
www.plyboo.com
Smith Anderson & Co . Ltd
Fettykil Mills
Lesli e
Fife Ky6 3AQ, U K
T +44 (0)' \92 746 000
Snow
Finland
c/o Stud io IIkka Suppan en
Punavuor enkatu 1 A 7 b
00120 Hel sinki, Finland
T +3\8 9 62278737
F +3\8 9 6223093
E suppane n@ko lumbus.f1
Solar Century Holdings Ltd
Uni t 5
Sandycombe Centre
1-9 Sandycombe Road
Rich m ond, Surrey, UK
T +44 (0)870 73\ 8100
F +44 (0)8707 3\ 8'01
E jl@selarcentury.ce.uk
www.solarcentry.co.uk
Solar Cookers International
1919 zrs t St, Suite 101
Sacramento, CA 95814
USA
T +19164\1 4498
F +' 9'64\1 4498
E sbci@igc .apc.org
hllp :j j solarceeking.org
Solar Solutk -ns (UK) Ltd
U nit 06
Capel Her. dre
Industrial Estate
Capel Hen d re
Ammanford
Carm arthenshir e
sA,83SJ
UK
TjF +44 (0)1269844 670
E sunset@connect·wales.co.uk
Solvay Plastiques SA
Rue du Prin ce A lbert 33
1050 Brussels
Belgi um
T 32 (e)2 \09 6111
F 32 (0)2 \09 69 18
Sony Corporation
Design Center
6-7-35 Kitashin agaw a
Shin agawa-ku
Tokyo '4' , Japan
T +8, (0)3 \448 77\8
F +8, (0)3 \448 7822
www.sony.co.jp and
www.sony.co.uk
Southampton T +' 906487 9768
Innovations Limited F +' 9064879770
U n iversit y of South ampt on www.strandwood.com
H ighfi eld, South ampto n
H am psh ire S017 181, U K
Stud io eg
2431 Peralt a Street
T +44 (0)2380\9203\
F +44 (0)2380\9 3\8\
Suite 2437A
E info@sil-uk.com
O akland , CA 946 07, USA
Styradex Plastics Recycling
www.southam ptoninnovations
U nit A, Burn foo t Industrial
.com
Estate
Soy Environmental H awick T09 8Sl, UK
Products, Inc .
Sun-Mar Corporation
8855 N _Black Cano n Fwy
600 M ain Stree t
Ste 2000
Tonawan d a, NY1415°-088 8
Phoen ix, AZ85021, U SA
USA
T +1 602674 \100
T +190\ 332 '3' 4
www.soyclean.com
F +' 90\ 332 '3'\
SRAM Corporation E compost@s un·mar.com
Gl ob al H eadqu art ers www.sun-mar.com
361 We st Chest nut St
Sunways Gesellschaft fur
Chicago , Il 60 610 , USA
Solartechnik mbH
T +13' 26648800
Ma cairestrasse 5
F +13'2 664 8826
78467 Kons tan z, Germ any
E davidz@sram.com or
T +49 (0)7\3' 996770
E kselberg@sram.cem
F +49 (0)7\31 9967710
Staber Industries, Inc . E info@sunways.de
4800 Homer Ohi o Lane www.sunways.de
Groveport , OH 43125
Supercool AS
USA
Banehagsgatan 1 8
T +' 614836 \99\
4145 1 Gothenburg
F +1 6148369\24
Sweden
www.staber.com
T +46 (0)3' 42 0\ 30
Starch Tech, Inc. F +46 (0)31 247909
720 Flo rida Ave S. www.supercool.se
Golden Valley
Sutton Vane Associates
MN 5542 6-17° 4, USA
Britannia H ou se
T +' 612\4\ \400
1 Glentho rne Road
F +1 612\4\ 94\0
London w6 OlH , U K
E sti@starchtech.com
T +44 (0)208\639370
www.starchtech.com
F +44 (0)208\63937'
Steelease , Inc . www.sva.co.uk
6100 E Paris Ave SE
Syndesis, Inc .
Caledonia, MI 49316-9790
2908 Color ado Ave
USA
Santa Monica
www.steelcase.corn
CA 90403-3616, USA
sTRAKA sPORTs
T +' 3'°8299932
N iebuh rstr asse 62 F +1 310829 \641
10 629 Berl in , Germ any www.syndestslnc.com
T +49 (0)3°32701616
Tectan
F +49 (°)3°327016 '7
Entwicklu ngsgesellschaft
E s.straka@ciro.de
fur Verbun dm aterial
www.ciro.de
D iez Gm bH
Stramit Indust riest rasse ' 7-2
East Loop 143 65582 Diez, Germ any
Perr yton , TX79°70, USA
Te isen Products Limited
T +1 80643\ 9303
Bradley Green
Strandwood Molding, Inc . Redd itch
53' H ighway M-26 Wo rceste rshi re
PO Box 360 896 6RP, UK
H ancock, MI 4993°-°360, T +44 (0)1\27821488
USA F +44 (0)1\27821 66\

Tekno s Tranemo AB Toyota (GB ) pic
Lim m ared svagen 2 The Q uad rangle
Box 211
Redh il l
Surrey RH I l PX, UK
514 24 Tr anem o
T +44 (0)17J7 768 585
Sweden
F +44 (0)17J7 771 728
T +46 (0))2 5707 70
www.toyota.co.uk
F +46 (0)J25 767 54
www.teknos.se To yota M ot or Co rpo rat ion
1 Toyota-cho
Tendo Co. Ltd 471.8571 Toyota City
1'3.10 M id arekaw a A ichi Prefect ure
Tendo 994 Japan
Yamag ata www.toyota.com
Japan
Tranno n Furniture Limited
T +8' (0)2J6 5JJ' 2'
Ch ilhampto n Farm
F +81 (0)2J6 5JJ454
Wi lton
www.tendo·mokko.co.jpJ
Sali sbury
W ilts SP2 OAB, U K
Tetrapak Ltd
T +44 (0)1722744577
1 Lo ngw alk Ro ad
F +44 (0)'722744 477
Stockley Park
E info@trannon.com
Uxbrid ge
www.trannon.ca m
M idd lesex UB11 lDL
Transform Plastics Ltd
UK
Pott er Place
T +44 (0)870 442 6000
We st Pimbo
F +44 (0)870442 6001
Ind ust rial Est ate
www.letrapak.com
Skelme rsda le
Therm a-Flo at Ltd Lan cashire
PO Box 8 WN89PW
Beech Lane H o use UK
Alderly Edge T +44 (0),695 51J99
Chesh ire SK9 5ES F +44 (0)16955'J9J
UK Traveller
Germany
T +44 (0)' 62525' 000
c/o Feldman n &
F +44 (0)1625 524584
E therrna-float.ltdgi Sch ult chen
dial.pipex.com 7 Tim m erm annst rasse
222 99 H am burg
TH!NK NordicAG Ger m any
No rway/ Fo rd M ot o r T +49 (0)40 510000
Co m pany, USA F +49 (0)405 '7000
TH IN K M ob il ity, LLC www.fsdesign.de
5920 Pasteur Co u rt Trev ira GmbH & Co . KG
Carlsbad , CA920 0 8 Lyo ner Strasse 38A
USA 60 528 Frankfu rt
WWW.thinkmobility.com Germany
Timber Hold ings Ltd T +49 (0)69 J055756
F +49 (0)69 J051642
240 0 W. Corn ell
M ilwaukee, WI 532° 9
Trisit Textiltechnologie
USA
GmbH
T +' 4'4445 898 9 T risit Design
F +14' 4 445 9' 55
Stutt gart er Strasse 73
E infO@ironwQods.com
73230 Kirchh eim
'NWw.ironwoods.com Germ any
T +49 (0)702' 9J5175
To nwerk Lausen AG
F +49 (0)702' 9J5JJ9
CH4415 Lausen
E roellf@recaro.de
SWitzerl and
T +4' (0)6192795 Tro jan Battery Compan y
USA
F +41 (0)6, 9279 5
T +,800 42J 6569
+1 562946 8J8,
,
Manufacturers and Suppliers
F +1 562906 40JJ
E marketing@trojanbattery.com
www.trojanbattery.com
Trusjoist MacMillan (TJM )
Cor porate H eadqu arters
20 0 East Ma llard Dr ive
Bo ise, ID 8370 6
U SA
T +1208 J64 1200
F +1 208 J64 ijoo
www.tj m .com
TRW Lucas Var ity
Electrica l St eering (U K)
c/o TRW , Inc.
USA
www.trw.com
Unicor Corporat ion
24 271 Larkwo od Lane
Lake For est, CA92 630
U SA
T +' 7'4 7708494
Un i·Solar
1110 W est M apl e Road
Troy, MI 48 084
U SA
T +' 248 J62 4170
F +1 248 J62 4442
E unlsolartnfogpovonic.com
www.uni-solar.com
Un iversal Master Products
23 Stat io n App ro ach
H ayes, Bro m ley
Kent BR2 7EQ
UK
T +44 (0)20 8462 0222
F +44 (0)208462 7746
Un iversal Pulp Pac kaging
M ilton of Cam ps ie
Glasgow G65 8EE
UK
T +44 (0)IJ60 JIO J22
F +44 (0)IJ60 Jll 975
E pulppack@aol.com
www.pulppack.co.uk
Urethane Soy Syste ms
Company (U SSC)
PO Box 569
Princeto n, IL 61356
USA
T +18885'49096
F +'8'5 64J 2998
E johnwawak@yahoo.com
US Plastic Lumber Ltd
Sm artd eck Syste ms
2600 W . Roo sevelt Road
Ch icago , IL 6060 8
U SA
T +' 888 7JJ2546
E techsupport@smartdeck.com
www.smartdeck.com ~
Uwe Brau n GmbH
0
AI
Herr Braun Lange Felder (l)
VI
19309 Lenzen (Elbe) 0
Germ any c
T +49 (0)J8792 9850
ii
(l)
VI
E info@uw e-braun.de
Vaccari Lim ited
27 Prospec t Way
Lap ford, Cred ito n
Devo n EX1 7 6QB
UK
T +44 (0)IJ6J 8J115
F +44 (0)'J6J 8J849
E info@vaccari.co.uk
www.vaccari.co.uk
VarioPac D isc Systems
GmbH
H an gb aum str asse 13
32257 Bund e
Germany
T +49 (0)522' 7684 '7
F +49 (0)52217684 20
www.variopac.com
Varta Batteries AG/Varta AG
Press and Publi c Relati on s
Sven Kremser
A m Leineufer 51
3°419 H anno ver
Ge rm any
T +49 (0)5" 79 oJ 8 2'
F +49 (0)511 79 o j 7 '7
E press@varta.com
www.varta.com
Vau xhall Motors
Limited/General Motors
Griffin H o use
Osborn e Road
Luto n
Bedfor d shire LUI 3YT
UK
T +44 (0)158272' 122
F +44 (0)'582427400
Velcro (USA)
www .velcro.com
Veloland Schweiz
Sti ft un g Velola nd Schwe iz
Post fach 8275
3° 0 1 Bern
Switz erla nd
T +4' (0)J' J07 47 40
F +4' (o)J' J0747 48
E info@veloland.ch
Vestfrost A/S
Span gsbj erg Malleve] 10 0
Po stb ox 207 9
DK·6705 Esbjerg 0
Den m ark
T +45 (0)79 ' 4 22 22
F +45 (0)79 '4 2J 55
@)
! Manufacturers and Suppliers
Vetropack
.j>.
Schutzenmattstr, 26 6
0 CH 8,80 Bul ach
;0
/1) Sw it zerl an d
III
0 T +4' (0)1 86J JJ 7J
c Stam fo rd , CT0690 4
F +4' (0)1 86J J4 J5
~ USA
/1)
III Vision Paper
see KP Produ cts
Vitra (International) AG
22 KlUnenfel dstrasse
CH 4127 Bir sfelden
Sw it zerland
T +4' (0)61J77 ' 509
F +4' (0)61 J77'5 10
E info@ vitra.com
www.vitra.com
VK & C Partnership
2/ 2 248 W ood land s Ro ad
Gl asgow G3 6 ND, U K
TfF +44 (0)141 JJ22049
Volkswagen AG
Environ m ent In d ust rial
Safety and Tr affi c System s
Letter box 174
38436 W ol fsburg
G erm any
Volkswagen (UK)
Yeom an s Dr ive
Blakeland s
Mil to n Keyne s
Buckin ghamshire
MK14 5AN, U K
T +44 (0)1908 601777
F +44 (0)1908 66J 9J6
www.volkswagen.co.uk
Vorwerk & Co . Teppichwerke
GmbH & Co , KG
Kulhma nst rasse 11
31785 H am eln, Germ any
T +49 (0)5151IOJ 0
F +49 (0)5 IOJ J77
'5'
www.vorwerk-teppich.de
Wagner & Co.
Solartechnik GmbH
Ringstrasse 14
35°91 Col be
Germ any
T +49 (0)64 21 8007-0
F +49 (0)6421 8007"J
Wanders Wonders BV
Jacob Catskade 35
1052 BT Am sterd am
N eth erland s
T +Jl (0)20422 'JJ9
F +Jl (0)204227519
E joy@wanderswonders.nl
Waterfilm Energy
PO Box '28
M edfo rd, NY 11763
USA
T +16Jl 758627 1
@J
F +16Jl 75804J8
EGFX·C H@msn.com
www.ofkos.cc mjgfx
Waterless UK Ltd
6 Blado n Clo se
Woodstock Road
O xfo rd
O xfo rd shire OX28AD, UK
www.waterless.co.uk
Water Tech Industries
12665 N E Marx Street
Po rt land , OR9723°, USA
T +18882548412
+150J 2548412
F +150J 261 9118
E marketing@watertech ,com
www.watertech.com
Wellman, Inc.
2'2 7th St
Jersey City, NJ 0 7302
USA
E home@wellmaninc.com
E aboutus@wellmaninc.com
www.wellmanwlm.com
Werth Forsttechnik
Reidelb ach 22
66687 W adern
Germ any
T +49 (0)68 712029
F +49 (0)68 715555
E ww@werth-weihnachts-
welt .de
www.werth-weihnachts-welt.de
Werzalit AG + Co.
Ger ma ny
see Inka Pressw ood
Pallets
Wettstein , Robert A
Josefstr. 188
CH 8005 Zur ich
Switzerland
T +4' (0)1272972 5
F +4' (0)1 27207 17
Wharington International
Ply Ltd
48 -50 H argreaves St reet
H un tingd ale
Victoria 3166
Au st ralia
T +61 (0)J 954455Jl
F +61 (O)J954J1907
E sales@wharington.com.au
www.wharington.com.au
Whirlpool
see Jam Design &
Co m mu nicatio ns
Wiggly Wigglers
Low er Blakem ere Farm
Blakemere
H erefo rdshire
HR2 9px, U K
T (Freephone. UK only)
0800216990
F +44 (0)1981 500108
www.wigglywigglers.co.uk
Wilde & Spieth GmbH & Co
Zep peli nst r. 126
73730 Esslingen
am Ne ckar, Germany
T +49 (0)711 J19710
F +49 (0)711 J17111
Wilkhahn + Hahne
GmbH a ce.
Po stfach 20 35
31844 Bad Mu nder
Germ any
T +49 (0)5042 9990
F +49 (0)5042 999 226
E info@wilkhahn.de
www.wilkhahn.com
Willamette Europe Ltd
roth Floo r
Maitland Ho use
Wa rrio r Square
Sou th end -on-S ea
Essex 55' 21Y, U K
T +44 (0) 1702 619044
www.willamette-europe.com
Willat Writing Instruments
8548 Wa shington Blvd
Cul ver Cit y, CA9° 232
U SA
T +1 310 202 6000
F + 1 310 202 0405
www .sensa.cc m
Willow Bank , The
PO Box 17
Ma chyn ll et h
Powys SY20 8WR, U K
T +44 (0)1686 4JO 510
www.tefecerure.ccm jw rllow;
Bankfwillowap.htm
WKR Altkunststoffproduk·
tions- u, Vertriebsgesell.
schaft mbH
Entenpfuhl io
67547 Wo rms . Germa ny
T +49 (0)6241 4J451
F +49 (0)6241 49579
E kontakt.wkr@t-online.de
Wood notes Oy
T allber ginkatu 8
0 0180 H el sinki
Fin land
T +J58 694 2200
F +J58694 2221
E woodnotes@woodn otes. r.
www.woodnotes.f
ww.modcons
U nits zb-c
Va ngu ard Co urt
36 Peckham Road
Lo nd o n SE5 8QT, UK
T +44 (0)2077084154
Xerox Corporation
800 Lo ng Rid ge Ro ad
T (Freephone, US only)
+1800 JJ4 6200
www. xerox.com
Xerox (UK) Ltd
Bridge H o use
Uxbr idge
Middlesex us8 l HS, U K
T (Freephone. UK only)
0800 787787
www.xerox.co.uk
XO
RN '9
77' 70 Servo n
France
T +JJ (0)1 60 6260 60
F +JJ (0)1 60 62 60 62
X02 Limited (Trading
as Exosect)
Ad minis tr at ion
Bu ild ing (SIL)
Un iver sit y of So uthampto n
Highfield
Southa mpto n
Ham pshi re 5017 ' SI, UK
E info@e xosectuk.com
www .exosect uk.com
Vemm & Hart Ltd
Gr een M ateria ls
RR1 Box '7 3
Marquand, MO 63655. USA
T +157J 78J 5454
F +157J78J 7544
E info@yemmhart.com
www.yemmhart.com
YKK Architectural
Products, Inc.
1, Kanda lzu m i-ch o
Chiyod a-ku
To kyo 101-00 24
Japan
T +81 (o)J J6258844
F +81 (o)J 56108199
Zanotta SpA
Via Vitto rio Veneto 57
2005 4 Nova M ilan ese (M i)
Italy
T +J9 (0)J62 J68 JJO
F +J9 (0)J62 45' oJ8
E zanottaspa@zanotta.it
Zanussi
see Elect rol ux
Zimmerei Michael Kaufmann
see KFN Kaufm ann
Prod u kt GmbH

The design strategies described
witheach product in Objects
for Livingand Objectsfor
Working arelisted below. They
are grouped according to one
offive lifecycle pha,ses - "".
production, including materials
selection; manufactunng/
making/fabrication;
distribution/ transportation;
functionality and use; and
disposal/end.of life. Other
strategies that do not easily fit
into thisproduct lifecycle are
described underthe heading
Miscellaneous, Extended
descriptions of eachdesign
strategy aregiven where
appropriate, Reference should
also be made to the Glossary
ofeeo-design terms (p. 339) ,
PRE-PRODUCTIO N PHASE
Anti-fashion - a design
that avoids temporary,
fashionable styles,
Anti-obsolescence - a design
that is easily repaired,
maintained and upgraded
so it is not made obsolete
with changes in technology
or taste,
Dematerialization - the
process of converting
products into services,
Agood example of
dematerialization through
timeshare of a product is
a local community sharing
a car ' pool' in which
allindividualshave the
opportunity to use/h ire a
car when needed rather
than own a car that stands
idle for a large part of its
life, Other examples include
digital cameras where silver
halidefil m is replaced by
CCD chips, dematerializing
part of the consumables
cycle, Designing products
used in the context of a
dematerialized service may
place unusual constraints
On the design such as
concentration on
maintenance and longevity
of parts,
Open accessdesign - design
that allows other designers
to see how software
hardware and other '
electronic products are
coded and constructed,
Product take-back - a
system under which
manufacturers agree to
take back a product when
it has reached the end
of its useful life so that
components and/or
materials can be reused
or recycled (see also
Producer respons ibility).
This can fundamentally
change the essence of
the design and engage
the designer in examining
design for assembly
(OfA), disassembly
(DfD)and reman ufacture,
Reusable product- a product
that can be reused at the
end of its initial lifespan
for an identical, similar or
new use.
Universaldesign- the
application of widely
accepted practices,
components, fixtures,
materials and technologies
suitable for a wide range
of end-uses,
PRE-PRODUCTION:
MATERIALS SELECTION
Abundantmaterialsfrom
the llthospherergecsphere -
inorganic materials, such
as stone, clay, minerals and
metals from the earth's
crust.
Biodegradable - decom-
posed bythe action of
microbes such as bacteria
and fungi,
Biopolymers- plastics made
from plants, Biopolymers
can be composted and
returned to nature.
Certifiedsources - materials
that are independently
certified as originating
from sustainablymanaged
resources, from recycled
materials or conforming to
a national or international
eco-Iabel.
Compostable - can be
decomposed by microbes
such as bacteria and fungi
to release nutrients and
organic matter.
Eco-Oesign Strategies
Durable/extremelydurable-
tough, strong materials
that do not break or wear
and survive the life of the
product or well beyond,
Lightweight - materials with
a high strength-to-weight
ratio.
Locally sourced materials are
those in close proximity to
the point of manufacturing
or production,
Non-toxic/Non-hazardous -
not likely to cause loss of
life or ill health to man
and/or degradation of
living ecosystems,
Reclaimed - materials
saved for reuse on
demolition of the
built environment.
Recyclable components -
components of products
that can be used in a new
product.
Recyclate - material that has
been made into a new
material comprising wholly
or partially recycled
materials, An alternative
term is 'recycled feedstock',
Recycled - materials that
have been processed
(such as cleaned, graded,
shredded, blended),
then remanufactured
Recycled content - materials
that include some recycled
and some virgin content. If
a material has 100 per
cent-recycled content, it is
a recycledmaterial.
Renewable - a material that
can be extracted from
resources which absorb
energy from the sun to
synthesize or create matter.
These resources include
primary producers, such as
plants and bacteria, and
secondary producers, such
as fish and mammals,
Singleor mono-materials -
consist of pure materials
rather than mixtures, This
facilita tes recycl ing,
Stewardship sourcing -
materials from certified
sources and supplychain
management.
Supply-chain management
(greenprocurement) is the ~
process of specifying that o
;:0
the goods/mate rials of fI)
suppliers meet minimum III
o
environmental standards. c
The specification may be n
fI)
that the goods will come III
from certified sources (e.g.
the Forest Stewardship
Council, national or inter-
national ceo-labels]. carry
recognized accreditation
(e.g, ISO 14001, EMAS) or
meet trade association
standards (e.g. National
Association of Paper
Manufacturers' recycled-
paper logo in the UK) ,
Sustainable/from
sustainable sources -
materials that originate
from managed resources
which are forecast to last
for a verylong time and/o r
are renewable resources
(see above),
Waste materials- materials
fabricated from production
(factory) or consumer
waste,
MANUFACTURING/MAKING/
FABRICATION PHASE
Production processes
Avoidanceoftoxic/
hazardous substances -
avoiding substances liable
to damage human health
and living ecosystems,
Bio-rnanufacturing- using
nature to help fabricate
products in situ, For
example, 'manufacturing'
natural gourds bytraining
them in specialshapes
for later use as packaging;
growing plants to produce
biopolymers (natural
plastics),
Clean production systems are
put in place to reduce the
impact of manufacturing
goods byminimizingthe
production of waste and
emissions to land, air and
water. Closed-loop
recycling (see below)
technologies are often
incorporated into clean
production.
I Eco-Design Strategies
Closed-loop recycling/
~
production is the process
o of introducing waste
;u
I'll streams back into the
Vl
o manufacturing process in
c waste is achieved by more
a continuous cycl e without
~ effi cient designs and/or
I'll loss of waste from that
Vl
cycle. The textileand
chemical industries often
recycle chemical
compounds used in
processing their end-
products, resulting in
cleaner production.
Cold fabricatiommanu-
facturing - methods that
require no heat or pressure
and hence reduce energy
consumption and facilitate
disassembly.
Design for assembly (DfA) is
a method of rationalizing
and standa rdizing parts to
facilitate the fixi ng together
of components during
production or manufacture.
Design for disassembly
(DID)is a method of
designing products to
facili tate cost-effective,
non-destructive breakdown
of the component parts of
a product at the end of its
life so that they can be
recycled and/or reused.
Efficientuse of raw and
manufactured materials -
reducing materials used
and minimizing waste
production.
Lightweight construction -
reducing materials used
but maintaining strength.
Low-energy manufacturing/
production/construction
techn iques/assembly -
reducing the energy
required to make
components and/ or
products.
Reduced resource con-
sumption - reducing
materials used, especially
raw materials extracted
from the environment.
Reduction in use of
consum ables - reducing
consumables used during
the manufacturing process.
Reduction in materials usage
- effic ient use of materials
compared with
conventional/traditional
designs
Reduction of production
manufacturing processes.
Reusable buildings -
demou ntable, modular
buildings, which can be
transported and
reassembled in new
locations.
Self-assembly - the final
assembly is done by the
consumer, thereby saving
energyin the fabrication
process.
Simple, low-cost const ruc-
tion - manufacturing with
simple, inexpensivexooling
and low-energy processes.
Zero waste production - the
elimination of waste from
the production process.
Recycling and reuse
Design for recyclability (DfR)
is a design philosophy that
tries to maximize positive
environmental attributes of
a product, such as ease of
disassembly, recyclability,
m aintena nce, reu se
or refurbishment, without
compromising the
product's functionality
and performance.
Design for recycling (DfR)
considers the best
methods to improve
recycling of raw materials
or components by
facilitating asse mblyand
disass embly, ensuring that
materials are not mixed
and appropriately labelling
materials and components.
Materials labelling
assists with improved
identificationof materials
for recycling.
Materials recycled at sou rce
- use of office, factoryor
domest ic waste to make
new products in situ.
Reuse of end-of-life
components (remanufac-
turing) - taking back worn-
out or old components/
products and refurbishing
them to an 'as-new'
standard for resale.
Reuse of materials -
reusing materials without
changing their original
state. By comparison,
recycling involves some
reorganization or partial
destruction of the material
followed by reconstitution.
Reuse of redundant compo-
nents - components formally
manufactured for another
use are re-employed in a
new product.
Re-used objects - any
complete object reused
in a new product.
Single material compone nts
- components made of
one material (a mono-
material component).
Use of ready-madesjready-
made components -
components made for one
product reapplied to a new
or different type of product.
DISTRIBUTION/TRANS-
PORTATION PHASE
Flat-pack products -
products that can be stored
nat to maximize use of
transport/storage space.
Lightweight products -
products that have been
designed to be lightweight,
yet retain full functionality,
and as a result require less
energy to trans port.
Reduced energy use during
transport/reduction in
transport energy - this can
be achieved by careful
design of products to
maximize packing per unit
area and minimize weight
per product.
Reusable packaging -
packaging that can provide
protection on more than
one trip.
Self-assembly - designs that
are assembled by the
consumer, therefore saving
valuable space in transport
and storage.
FUNCTIONALITY AND
USE PHASE
Socially beneficial designs
Alternative modes of
transport for improved
choice of mobility - reduces
dependency on high.
environmental·impact
products such as the
car and affords improved
mobility options for
minoritygroups, such
as the disabled.
An aid to reduce population
growth - helps keep the
balance between population
and resource availability
and so slows environmental
degradation, social
exclusion and other
problems.
Community ownership -
encourages group rather
than individual ownership
and so improves the
efficiencyof product
usage.
Design for need - A concept
that emerged in the '9 70S
and was promoted by
exponents such as the
design academic Victor
Papanek and by a landmark
exhibition at the Royal
College of Art, Londo n,
in ' 976. Design for need
concentrates on design
for social needs rather
than for creating 'lifestyle'
products.
Emergency provision/ distri-
bution of clean, safe water -
products designed to
reduce human mortality
and disease.
Encourages recycling -
products designed to
facilitate recycling.
Equal access for public
services - products to enable
minority groups, such as
the disabled, full access
to public services, such
as transport.
Hire rathe r than ownership -
products designed for
hire rather than for personal
ownership, receiving
more efficient and
economical use.
Eco-Design Strategies
 Eco-Oesign Strategies
..,.. Recycling and reduction of
waste production
0 in examining design
;0 Recyclablepackaging/
(1)
containers - packaging and
III
0 containers made of
<:
r; materials that can be
(1)
III recycled.
Reduction in use of
consumables - products that
reduce the use of
consumable s such as
paper, inks, batteries, oils
and detergents.
Reusable packaging/
containers - packaging and
containers that can be
reused for repeat trips.
Designs to improve
water usage
Water conservation -
products that reduce water
usage, and/o r facilitate
water collection.
Water generation
(freshwater) - products
that generate fresh water
from contaminated surface
or ground water, seawater
or water-saturated air.
DISPOSAL/END-OF-L1FE
PHASE
Conservation oflandfill
space - products that
decompose to release
landfill space or products
that can be reycled,reused
or remanufactured to avoid
being landfilled.
Encouraging local com-
post ing/local biodegradation
of waste - products that can
be locallydecomposed by
the owner, so saving on the
transport energy of waste
collection and landfill
space.
Product ta ke-back - a
system under which
manufacturers agree to
take back a product when
it has reached the end
of its useful life so that
components and/or
materials can be reused or
recycled (see also Producer
responsibility).This can
fundamentally change the
@
essence of the design and
engage the designer
for assembly (DfA),
disasse mbly (DfD) and
remanufacture.
Recycling- products that
are designed to be easily
recycla ble by being made of
single materials or by being
easily disassembled into
mate rials or components
which can be recycled.
Remanufacture -
products that are easily
disassembled for
refurbishmen t to
remanufacture new
products.
Reuse - products that are
easily reused for the same
or a new purpose or are
easily disassem bled for
the components and/o r
materials to be reused.
MISCELLANEOUS STRATEGIES
Certification of products
(see also Green Organizations,
P·33 1)
Eco-Iabels - labels attached
to products which confirm
that the manufacturers
conform to independently
certified sta ndards in terms
of reduced environme ntal
impacts.
Independently certified labels
- a varietyof labels
applied to products which
signifythat the products
meet specificcriteria for
reduced environmental
impacts, inclusion of
recycled materials, and/
or materials/products
from sustainable
sources.
Environmental management
and business systems
Corporate environmental
policy - a written
statement defining a
company's position on the
environment with an on-
going audit of progess over
time. Existence of a
corporate environmental
policyusuallyindicates
inclusion of environmental Protection of fish stocks _
management systems products used to enhance
and/o r the use of basic
the survivalof fish stocks.
ecodesign strategies in
everyday business.
Eco Management and Audit
Scheme (EMAS) - an
independent lycertified
environmental
management system,
which operat es in the
European Union.
Certification is awarded
by national bodies in
individual EU countr ies
verifiedby the EMAS
organization.
ISO 14001 - an international
standard for environmental
managemen t schemes
maintained by the
International Standards
Organization (ISO) in
Geneva, Switzerland.
New standards are
emerging for lifecycle
assess ment (ISO 14 040 )
and eco-Iabelling and
environ mental labels
(draft ISO 140Z1).
ISO gool - an international
standard for quality
assurance maintained by
the International Sta ndards
Organization (ISO) in
Geneva, Switzerland.
Certification is granted by
independent national
organizations accredited
by the ISO.
Biodiversity
Animal-friendly products -
products that are
manufactured without
harm to animals.
Encouragement of conserva -
tion and biodiversity -
products that assist in
promoting conservation
and diversityas a result
of a corporate environ-
mental or supp ly-chain
managem ent policy or
by sourcing materials
from habitats managed to
maintain diversity.
Protection against soil
erosion - products used to
avoid or reduce soil
erosion bywater or wind.

ACADEM IC AND RESEARCH
Centre fo r Design at Royal
Melbourne Inst it ute of
Technology (RMIT)
GPO Box 247 6V
Melbourne
Victoria 3001, Australia
E john .gertsakis@r m it.edu.au
www.cfd.rrnit.edu.au
Centre fo r Envi ronm enta l
Assessme nt of Prod uct and
Material Syst em s (CPM)
Chalmers Un iversity of
Technology
Gothenburg, Sweden
T +46 (0)3' 772 5640
F +46 (0)31 772 5649
E Christian Nan ji
chrnan@vset.chalmers.se
www.cpm.chalmers.sej
Centre for Sust ai nable Design
Surrey In stitute of
Art & Design
Farnham , Surrey, UK
T +44 (0) 1252 892 772
F +44 (0)1252 892 747
Ecfsd@surrart.ac.uk
www.cfsd.org.uk
Consortium on C reen Design
and Manufactu ri ng (CC DM)
Civil and Environment al
Engineering Depart m ent
2158 M cLaughlin Hall
Un iversity of California at
Berkeley
Berkeley. CA 94720-1712
USA
http:// greenmfg.me.berkeley.edu/
green2/ Home/ lndex.hlml
DEMI- Design for the
Environment Multimedia
Implementat io n Project
c/o Depart m ent of
Design Studies
Golds m iths College
13 Laurie Gro ve
New Cross
London SE14 6NW. UK
T +44 (0)20 79'9 7788
E info@demi.org.uk
www.demLorg.uk
DEMI is 0 consortium of
institutions comprising CTf
Art <J[ Design, the Design
Council. Fa lmouth College of
Arts, Forum for the Futu re.
Goldsmiths College (lead
institution). the Open
University. the Royal Society
for the Encouragement of
Arts, Manufacturing and
Business. Surrey Institute of
Art and Designand the
University of Brighton. The
aim of the DEMI project is to
create a multimedia design
and environmental teaching
and learningresourcefor
higher education. It is funded
by HEFCE. the Higher
Education Funding Councils
for England, Wales and
Northern Ireland.
Design Academy Eindhoven
Emmasingel ia
PO Box 2125
560 0 CC Eindhoven
Nether land s
T +3' (0)402393939
F +3' (0)40 2393940
E info@designacademy.nl
www.designacademy.nl
Design for Environment
Research Croup (Dfe)
Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Design
and M anufacture
M anchester M etro pol itan
University
John Dalton Building
Cheste r Street
Manc hester Ml 5GD. UK
E N .Caluwe@mm u.ac.uk
S.J.Poole@mmu.ac.uk
http:// sunl.mpce.stu.mmu.ac.u
k/pages/projects/dfe/dfe.html
Design for Sustainability
Program
TU Delft Subfaculty of
Industrial Design
Engineer ing
)affala an
92628 BX Delft
Netherlands
T +3' (0)'52782738
F +3' (0)152782956
www.io.tudelfl.nl/ research/dfs/
index.html
Designit ion
Design Faculty
Un iversity of Kingston
Knights Park
Kingsto n-upon-Thames
Surrey KT1 201.UK
T +44 (0 )20 8547 7165
F +44 (0)208547 7365
E designition@kingston.ac.uk
www.designition.org
EcoD esign C@mpus
Coordinator. Luigi Bistanino
Politecnico di Tor ino
Tur in. Italy
E lanzavecchia@araxp.polito.it
www.ecodesigncampus.com
Green Organizations
Environment Conscious ARCHITECTURE
Design and Manufacturing .j>.
American Institut e 0
Lab (ECDM)
of Architects
;U
Dep artme nt of Ind ust rial
1735 New York Avenue N W (l)
III
& M anufactur ing System s Washingto n. DC 2000 6 0
c
Engineering
University of Windsor . Canada
USA ;:;(l)
T +1 2026267300 III
http:// ie.uwindsor.ca/ imse/ peopl
www.e-architect.com
ejecdm.hst.html
The AlA publishes the
European Design Centre Environmental Resou rce
PO Box 6279 Guide. in cooperation with the
5600 HG Eindh oven US Environmental Protection
Net herlands Agency (US EPA). which
T +3' (0)402393009 includes articles
F +3' (0)4023939'0 and case studies of the
E info@edc.nl environmental impacts and
www.edc.nl resource issuesfor different
Promotes high-quality buildingmethods and
integrated product materials.
development by provision
of educational facilities. Association for Environment
a databaseand support Conscious Building (AECB)
for engineers, product PO Box 32, Llandysu l
designe rsand industrialists. Carmar thenshire
Inst it ut e for Engineering SA44 5EI . UK
E adm in @aecb.net
Design - Aus tria n Ecodesign
www.aecb.net
Information Poi nt
Aust rian M inistry o f Center of Excellen ce for
Susta ina ble Development:
Transport . Innovation and
Tech nol ogy wit h the Affo rdable Ho using (USA)
Vienna University of www.eren.doe.gov/ buildings
Technology Jumping·offpointfor
Austria information on green housing
www.ecodesign.atjecodesign_engj and building, including the
Energy Efficiencyand
Instit ute for Sustainable
Renewable Energy Network
Design
(EREN) 'Buildings of the 21st
Campbell Hall
Century'. Office of Building
Un iversity of Virg in ia
Technology, Stateand
PO Box 400122
Community Programs.
Charlottesville
VA 22904-4122 Centre for Alternative
USA Technology
T +1804 924 6454 Mach ynlleth
F +1804 982 2678 Powys SY20 9AZ . UK
E uva-isd@virginia.edu T +44 (0)1654 702 400
www.virginia.edu F +44 (0)1654 702 782
E info@cat.org.uk
Inte rduct /C lean Techn ology
www.cat.org.uk
Inst it ute (CTI)
Established in 1975os a
Delft University of
resource centreto encourage
Technology
a more ecological way
Netherlands
of living. CATnow offers
www.interduct.tudelft.nl
substantive physical evidence
IVA M Enviro nm ent al of waysin whichbuildings.
Research renewable-energytechnology
University of Amsterda m and wastewater treatment
1001 ZB Am sterdam can reduce environmental
Netherlands impacts. CAThas also
T +3' (0)20 5255080 published extensive DIY
F +3' (0)205255850 and professional guides
Eoffice@ivambv.uva.nl on all aspects of low·impact
www.ivambv.uva.nl technology.
@)
,:
, -
Green Organizations
Centrefor Sustainable
-I>- Construction (CSC)
o BRE - Build ing Research
;:0
fD Establishm ent
VI
0 G arsto n, Wat for d
c H ert for dshire, WD2 7JR, UK
n
fD T +44 (0)192) 664000
VI
T (Howard at esC)
+44 (0)192) 664462
E enquiries@bre.co.uk
www.bre.co.ukfsustainablej
ind ex.html
Community Eco-Design
Network (CEN)
PO Box 6241
Mi nneapo lis, MN 554 0 6
USA
T +1612722)260
E erichark@mtn.org
www.cedn.org
Ecological Design
Group, The
Scott Sut herland School
of A rchitectu re
Facu lty of Design
The Rob ert Go rdon
U niversity
Garthdee Road
Ab erde en AB9 2QB, U K
T +44 (0)1224 26) 713
F +44 (0) 122426) \)\
E f.steve nson@rgu.ac.uk
www.rgu.ac.ukrsubpeccldesj
edgr.htm
Environmental Design
Research Association (EDRA)
PO Box 7'46
Edm o nd , OK 73083-7'46
USA
T +140\ 3304863
F +140\ 33041\0
E edra@telepath,com
www,telepath.comfedrafhome,html
Founded in 1968 far the
advancement of the art and
science of environmental
design research to improve
the understanding af
interrelationships between
peopleand their built and
naturalsurroundings,
Royal Institute of British
Architects
66 Po rtland Place
Lond on W1 N 4AD, U K
T +44 (0)20 7\80 \\3)
F +44 (0)207\80 '\4'
E bal@inst.riba.org
www.architecture.com
US Green Building Council
90 New Montgomery St
Suite 1001
@
,
San Francisco , CA 94105
U SA
T +1 202429208,
F +12024299\74
E info@usgbc.org
www.usgbc.org
ASSOCIATIONS - ECODESIGN ,
GREEN DESIGN, DIE
Alternative Technology
Association
PO Box 20 01 Lygo n St
North Bru nsw ick
Victo ria 3° 57, Au str ali a
T +61 (0)) 9)88 9)11
F +6' (0)) 9)88 9)22
E ata@ata.org.au
www .ata.org.au
EcoDesign Association
The Brit ish Scho o l
Siad Road , Stroud
Gl o ucester sh ire
Gl5 1QW, U K
T +44 (0)14\) 76\ \7\
F +44 (0)14\37\9 211
www.edaweb.org
Ecodesign Foundation
PO Box 369, Roz ell e
NSW 2039, Australi a
T +61 (0)2 9\\\ 9412
F +61 (0)29\\\ 9\64
E edf@edf.edu.au
www.edf.edu.au
EcoDesign Resou rce Society
20 1,225 Sm ithe Street
Vancouver Be
V6B 4X7. Canada
E edrs@infoserve.net
www.ecc design.bc.caj
0 2 Network
c/o Ne therlands
Design Institute
Keizersgracht 609
1017 DS Am sterda m
Net herl and s
www.cz.org
02 Networkcoordinates
participating 02 groups in
sixteen countries sharing
information and promoting
discussion about ecodesign
and sustainabledesign
in orderto integrate
sustainability into the
design process,
Scottish EcoDesign
Association (SEDA)
The M o nastery
Ed inbu rgh EH1 3RG, U K
T +44 (0)1) 1 \\72\00
F +44 (0)1)1\\7 2870
E sedainfo@aol.com
E SEDA@inverarc.demon.co.uk
www.inverarc.co.u kj sedar
Society for Responsible
Design (SRD)
PO Box 288, Leichhar dt
NSW 20 40, Au st ralia
T +61 (0)2 9\ 64 0721
F +61 (0)29\64 1611
E srd@green.net.au
www.green.net.auf srd/
AWARDS
Design Preis Schweiz
c/ o Design Cent er
Po st fach 1619
CH 4 90 1 Langent hal
Sw itz erla nd
T +4' (0)6292) 0) 33
F +4' (0)629 23 16 22
E designpreis@designNet.ch
www.designNet.ch
DesignSense
c/o Desig n Mu seum
28 Shad Thame s
Lo nd o n SE1 2YD, U K
T +44 (0)2079408790
F +44 (0)2073786\40
www.designmuseum.org
Launched in 1999, this
award probably offersthe
best prize money in the
world, a total of [40,000
to the winnerJ or the mast
outstanding sustainable
building or product, Twelve
designs areshortlisted, six
architecturalprojects and six
products, Design Sense is
co-ordinated by the Design
Museum and is supported
by the Rufford Foundation
with spansorship from Corus
pic, the European metals
producer, and The Gu ard ian
newspaper,
Good Design Award-
Ecology Design Prize
Japan Ind ustrial Design
Pro m ot io n O rgan izat ion
(JIDPO)
G-Mark D ivision
4th Floor Annex
Wo rld Trade Center
Build ing
2-4-1 H arn arnatsu-cho
Minato-ku , To kyo 105
Japan
T +81 (0)) )4) \ \6 26
F +8' (ol) 3432 7346
E g,mark@jidpo,or.jp
www,jidpo.or.jpf gdaf index,html
The Good Design Selection
System, with its G'Mark
logofor winning products,
was launched in '957 and
became the Goad Design
Awardfrom April ' 998,
Product categoriesare
wide,ranging and attract
thousands of entrantsfrom
Japan and the international
designcommunity, A special
category, the Ecology
Design Prize, is awarded
to products with reduced
impact on the environment,
Industrie Forum Design
Hannover (iF)
Messegelande
30521 H ann over
Germany
T +49 (0)\ 11 89 32400
F +49 (0)\1189 32 401
E info@ifdesign.de
www.ifdesign.de
This is one of the most
prestigiousannual
designawards in Germany,
Categories include a special
Ecology Design Awardand
Interaction Design Award
as wellas mare traditional
themes such as Product
Design Awardsfor office,
business, communications,
home, household, lighting,
consumer electronics,
lifestyle, publicdesign,
packaging design, textile
design, building technology,
industry, transport, medical
and leisure, Winners of the
Ecolagy Design Award are
selected from any of the
subcategories in the
competition,
International Design
Resource Awards (lORA)
Design Resource Institute
7406A Greenwood Ave nue
Seattle, WA98177, USA
T +' 2062890949
F +1206789) 144
E 10hnsonDesignStudio@
compuserve.com
www.designresource.org
Now in its sixth year, the
lORAcompetition requires
that entrieshave a high
degree of past-consumer
recycled or sustainably
hanvested materials and
demonstrate added valueas
a result, be designed for

future reuse orrecycling and
be suitablefor commercial
production.
RIBA Susta inability
Award 2 000
RIBA Journal
2 Harbour Exchange Square
London SE14 2EG, UK
www .ribaawards.co.uk
BUSINESS AND THE
ENVIRONMENT
Enviro SenSe
US Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA)
http://es.epa.gov
A government webresource
for pollution prevention,
compliance assurance,
enforcement information
and databases.
Global Futu res Foundati on
and The Future 500
801 Crocker Road
Sacramento, CA 95864
USA
T +19,6 4865999
F+1 916 4865998
Einfor@globalfforg
www,globalff.org!
Internation al Institute of
Sustain able Development
(IISD)
Head Office
161 Portage Avenue East
6th floor
Winnipeg
Manitob a R3B OY4, Canada
T +1 204 958 7700
F+1 2049587710
Einfo@iisd.ca
http:/ / iisd.ca/
National Centre for
Business and Sustainabil ity
The Peel Building
University of Salford
Greater Manchester
M54WT, UK
T +44 (0)161295 5276
F+44(0)1612955041
EIhencbs@lhencbs.co.uk
www.thencbs.co.uk
World Business Council for
Sustainable Development
160, Route de Florissant
Conches, CH 1231 Geneva
SWitzerland
T +41 (0)228393100
F+41(0)228393131
Eelleboode@wbcsd.ch
WWW,wbcsd.ch
CERTIFICATION, ECO-LABELS
AND ENERGY LABELS
Brit ish Standards Institute
BSI Quality Assurance
389 Chiswick High Road
London W4 .jAl , UK
T +44 (0)20 8996 9000
F+44(0)20 89969001
Einfo@bsi.org.uk
www.bs;·global.com
Certified Forest
Products Council
14780 SW Osprey Drive
Suite 285, Beaverton
OR 97007, USA
T +1 5035906600
F +15035906655
E info@certifiedwood.org
www.certifiedwood.org
Established in 1997, the
Certified Forest Products
Council isan independent,
notfor-profit, voluntary
business initiativecommitted
to encouraging responsible
forest management and
the manufacture of
environmentally responsible
forest products in North
America. The CFPC
endorses the 'well-managed'
standards defined by the
Forest Stewardship Council.
Membersinclude suppliers,
manufacturers, specifiers
and individuals,
.......
~ energy!tibrary! save2000.pdf
. ~.
S'I II . "Ilse.,
Duales System Deutschland
AG - The Green Dot (Der
Grune Punkt)
Frankfurter Strasse720-726
51145 Cologne (Porz Eil)
Germany
T +49 (0)22039370
F+49(0)2203 937190
Epressestelle@gruener-punkt.de
www.gruener-punkt.de
Founded in 1990, this non-
profitorganization
administers Der Grune
Punkt (the Green Dot)
packaging recycling scheme
to complywith the 1991
German Packaging
Ordinance. Any packaging
markedwith the Green Dot
is acceptable for recycling. All
typesof packagingare
accepted includingglass,
wood, ceromics.Ierrous and
'. {- (, ' 'I".
Green Organizations " ' .. "
nonferrousmetals, plastics
and paper. This scheme is
now licensed to a numberof
organizationsin other EU
countries- the ARASystem
(Austria), Ecoembalajes
Espana (Spain), FaST Plus
(Belgium), Repak Ltd (UK) ,
Sociedade Ponto Verde SA
(Portugal) and VALORLUX
asbl (Luxembourg).
EMAS Eco-Management
and Audit Scheme
Department of the
Environment, Food and
Rural Affairs
Zone 6/ ElO
Ashdown House
123 Victoria Street
London SWI E6DE
UK
T +44(0)2078903052
F+44 (0)2078906559
www.defr.gov.ukjenvironment
Igreening/emas/emashome.htm
EMAS, EU
The EMAS Help Desk
The European Commission
Brussels, Belgium
http:/ /europa.int.eu/comm/
environmentjemas
EU Energy Label Schemel
The Save Programme
European Commission
Brussels, Belgium
http:/ /europa.eu.inl /comm/
J;;S
FSC
FSCForest Stewardsh ip
Counci l, UK
UK Working Group
Unit D, Station Building
L1 anidloes sn8 6EB, UK
T +44(0)1686 413916
F+44 (0)1686 412 176
E hannah@fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
www.fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
Founded in 1993, the
Forest Stewardship Council
(FSC) is an independent,
non-profit, non-govern-
mental organization,
which is responsiblefor
administering, monitoring
and tracking a programme
to certifY timber produced
from well-managed
woodlands and labelling
for products originating
'" ",,' -! ~~
- . < ' • .,.
from suchtimber. It is
an internationalpro- .j:>
gramme implemented 0
;0
by independent organiza- (l)
1Il
tionsthat areevaluated, 0
accredited and monitored c
;:l
by the FSC. In the UKthe (l)
SoilAssociation Woodmark 1Il
Schemeand the SGS
Forestry QUAL/ FOR
Programme areboth
accredited. Otheraccredited
organizationsinclude
the Rainforest Alliance
SmartWoodPragram
and Scientific Certification
SystemsForest Conservation
Program (USA) , Silva Forest
Foundation (Canada),
Skal (Netherlands) and the
Institutfur Marktokologie
[Switzerland] , In the
Directory of FSC Endorsed
Forests Worldwide, Spring
2000, a total of 234 forests
covering millions of hectares
were certified in temperate,
subtropical and tropical
regions spanning thirtyf our
countries. A companion
Directory of Manufactu rers
of FSC Endorsed Products
WorldWide, Spring 2000,
includes 825 manufacturers
from forty-three countries.
Products include sawn
timber, veneers andfinished
products. Thechainof
custody is also inspected by
the FSC, ensuring that the
endorsement with the FSC
logo is not abusedby agents,
distributors, wholesalers
or retailers. The extent of
manufacturers' certification
is most advanced in the
Netherlands (seventyjive
manufacturers), the
UK (158) and the USA
(185).
FSCForest Stewardship
Council , USA
1155 30th Street NW
Suite 300
Washington, DC 20007
USA
T +1877 372 5646 (loll free)
F +12023426589
E info@foreststewardship.org
www.fscus.org
Global Ecolabelling
Netwo rk (GEN)
GEN Secretariat
@)
 Ter ra Choice Enviro nm ental
-J>. Servi ces, Inc.
0 Z781 Lanca ster Road
Al
ro Suite 400
1I1
0 Ottawa, ONT KIB 1A7
c Canada
r>
ro T +16132471900
1I1
F +1613247 2228
E gensecretariat@terrachoice.ca
www.gen.gr.jp
GEN is not accredited to
issue eco-Iabels but keeps the
most up-to-date list of all
eco-Iabelling organizations
worldwide on its website and
details of the type of
products and materials
currently covered. GEN links
directly with most eco-
labelling organizations'
websites.
Group for Efficient
Appliances (GEA)
www.gealabel.org/
An association of energy
labelling authorities in
European countries (includes
Austria, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany,
Sweden, Netherlands and
Switzerland), the European
Energy Netwark and the
EuropeanAssociation
of Consumer Electronics
Manufacturers (EACEM) .
Labels areavailable for
a range of electronic
equipmentfrom PCs to TVs.
International Organization
for Standardization (ISO)
Central Secretariat
1 Rue de v arern be
Case posta Ie 56
CH lZ11 Geneva zo
Swit zerland
T +4' (0)22 7490111
F +4' (0)227 33 34 30
E cent ral@iso.c h
www .iso.ch
f i'
c-
~.:
" 1'.
i~:;
National Association of
Paper Merchants (NAPM)
Hamilton Court
Gogmore Lane,
Chertsey
Surre y KT16 9AP, UK
T +44 (0)1932 569797
F +44 (0)1932 569749
E info@napm.org.uk
www.napm.org.uk
0
NAPM-approved recycled
paperand boards are
guaranteedto containa
minimum of 75 per cent-
recycledfibre contentfrom
genuinepaperand board
waste, not mill waste.
Pan European Forest
Certification (PEFC)
PEFC Coun cil asbl
zerne Etage
17 Rue des G iron di ns
L-16 z6 Merl-Hollerich
Luxem bo urg
T +352 (0)262590 59
F +352 (0)26259258
E pefc@pt.lu
www.pefc.org
The PEFC is a new scheme
initiated by the private
forestrysector. Forests (and
theirtimber and wood
productoutput) arecertified
by independent auditors to
be managed in accordance
with the Pan European
Criteria on the Protection of
Forests in Europe, which
wereresolved at the Helsinki
and Lisbon Ministerial
Confe rencesin 1993 and
1998. It is a scheme that
offers a common European
framework, in contrast to the
FSC scheme, whichis
appliedtoforests worldwide.
~ inspect and certifY forests
ReSy GmbH
Po st fach 101541
64Z15 Darm stadt, Germany
T +49 (0)615192 94 22
F +49 (0)615192 94522
www.resy.dejind-eng.htm
This company certifies that
the content of paper and
corrugated boardpackaging
is suitablefor recyclingin the
German paperindustry. The
ReSylogo is used with the
international recycling logo
af the Mabius loop.
SmartWood® Program
Rainforest Alliance
65 Bleecker Street
New Yo rk, NY 100 12, USA
T +1212677 '900
www.smartwood.org and
www.rainforest-alliance.org
SmartWood is a program of
the Rainforest Alliance®
whichencourages
environmentallyand socially
responsibleforestry
management. SmartWood
has certified up to one
hundredoperations
worldwide, which produce a
wide rangeof certified
lumber and products. The
Forest Stewardship Council
has accredited SmartWood
for its certifica tion offorestry
operations. The SmartWood
Rediscovered Program
certifies salvaged or recycled
woodfrom demolished
buildings or waste sources.
o~g
~
~oOOM "~~
Soil Association
Bristol House
40-56 Victoria Street
Bristo l BSI 6BY,UK
T +44 (0)117929 0661
F +44 (0)1179252504
E in fo@ soilassoc iatio n.o rg
www.soilassociation.org
WoodMark is the name of
the Soil Association's
internationalforestry and
chain of custodyscheme.
The Soil Association is an
accredited organization to
the Forest Stewardship
Council and is permitted to
and their products as
sustainably managed under
the FSC scheme. It is also
the leading organization
in the UK that independently
certifiesfarm produce as
being organicallygrown and
certified to bear the Soil
Association logo.
US EPA Energy Star
Office Equipment
USA
E labelling@energystar.gov
www.energystar.gov
Energy Starlabelsfor olfice
equipment, buildings and
more.
ECOMATERIALS
Alternative Crops Technology
Interaction Network (ACTIN)
Pira House
l.eatherhead, Surre y, UK
T +44 (0)13728020\4
F +44 (0)1372802245
E info@ actin.co.uk
www.actm.co.uk
ATHENA'M Sustainable
Materials Institute
Canada
E wbtru sty@fox.nstn.ca and
E jkmei l @ fox.nst n.ca
www .athenas m i.ca
BioComposites Centre, T he
U niversit y of Wal es
Bangor
Gwynedd LL57 ZUW, UK
T +44 (0)1248370 588
F +44 (0)1248370594
E biocomposites@bangor.ac.uk
www .bc. bangor.ac.uk
Specializes in industrial
contract research on the
processing of woodand plant
materials tofacilitate the
production of new materials.
Building Research
Establishment (UK)
www .bre.org.uk
The BREholds the National
Database of Environmental
Profilesfor a wide range of
common building and
construction materials.
These Environmental Profiles
document the material's
inputs, outputs and lifecycle
assessment, enabling architects
and theirclients, specifiers
and manufacturersto assess
the impacts of different
materials. Full access to the
database is subject to afee.
Carbohydrate Economy
Clearinghouse, The
clo The In st itute fo r Loca l
Self-Reliance
1313 5th Street SE
M in neapoli s, MN 55414 -154 6
USA
T +1612 3793815
F +1612379 3920
E kmullen@ilsr.org
www.carbohydrateeconomy.org
Center for Environmentally
Appropriate Materials
Department of Work
Enviro n m ent
Un iversit y o f
Massachusetts Lowell
One Un iver sity Avenue
Lowell, MA 01854. USA
T +1 978 934 3250
F +19784525711
E Director , Dr Ken Geiser:
kgeiser@tu rLo rg

y/ww.uml.eduf DeptfWEfcenters.
htm
certified Forest
Products Co unci l
14780 SW O sp rey Dr ive
Suite 285
Beaverto n , OR 97007
USA
T +1503 590 6600
F +1503 590 6655
E info@certifiedwood.org
www.certifiedwood.org
Co-op Am eric a' s
Wood Wis e D irecto ry
USA
www.coopamerica.orgf
wood w isef di rectory.htm
Aimed at providing
informationfor consumers,
the WoodWise Directory
publishes on online directory
of paperand wood products
from certified and recycled
sources of'raw' materials. It
also lists suppliersof
'alternative' non-wood and
non-paper products.
EcoDesign Resou rce Socie ty
PO Box 3981
M ain Post O ffi ce
Vancou ver sc v6s 3Z4
Canad a
T +1604255 2049
F +1604 255 2079
E penner@infoserve.net
www.ecodesign.bc.ca/
product.htm
FSC Fores t Stew ard sh ip
Council, UK
U K W or king Group
Unit D, Statio n Buildin g
L1anidloes SY1 8 6ES,UK
T +44 (0)1686 413 916
F +44 (0)1686 412 176
E hannah@fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
www.fsc-uk.demon.co.uk
FSC Forest Stew ard shi p
Counci l, USA
113429th Street NW
Washin gt o n, DC 20007
U SA
T +1877372 5646
F +1202 342 6589
E info@foreststewardship.org
www.fscus.org
Harris D ire ctory, The
USA
www.harrisdirectory.com
This directoryhasbeen revised
annually since 1992 and now
lists five thousand recycled
productsand materialsfrom
the USA Information includes
contact details. product or
material type, environmental
benefits and examples of
applications. The publishers
of the Directory work closely
withthe California-integrated
Waste Management Board to
revise keywords tofacilitate
identificationofproducts that
comply withUS government
ecological procurement
criteria.
Institute for Local
Self Reliance (U SA)
www.ilsr.org
The ILSR mointoinsan online
database of moterials called
The Carbohydrate Economy,
which lists state by stote the
companiesin the USA that are
manufacturing materialsfrom
biologicalsources. Thisincludes
biofuels, biocomposites,
biopolymers, points,finishes
and cleaners with examples of
the use of waste or recycled raw
materials.
Material Co n neXio n
4 Co lu m bus Cir cle
New Yor k, NY 10 019 -110 0
U SA
T +1212445 8825
F +1 21 24458950
www.materialconnexion.com
MaterialConneXion
maintains a database af over
three thousand materials,
including materials derived
from ar cantaining recycled
content. This privately
operated database is available
online and can be visited in
New York.
New Uses Council
29 5 Tanglew ood D rive
East Gre en w ich
R102818-2210
U SA
T +1401 8858177
F +1401 821 5789
E info@newuses.org
www.newuses.org
The New Uses Council is
dedicated to developing
and commercializing new
industrial, energy and
nonfood consumer uses
of renewable agricultural,
forestry, livestock and marine
products. It publishes an
extensive online listingof bio-
products, The BioProdu cts
Green Organizations
Directo ry. such os biofuels. materials. Data include type
biocomposites and of material. percentage of -l>-
biopo/ymers. post-consumer waste or 0
;U
Pan European Forest
recovered material, brand f1)
III
Certification (PEFC)
names, accredita tion and 0
contactdetailsof suppliers. c
PEFC Council asbl
ze rne Etage
n
f1)
III
17 Rue des Girondins
ECO SHOPS
L-1626 Merl- Hollerich
Luxembou rg
Centre for Alternative
T +352 (0)26 25 90 59
Technology
F +352 (0)26 2592 58
Machynlleth
E pefc@ptlu Powy s SY 20 9AZ, UK
www.pefc.org T +44 (0)1654702 400
F +44 (0)1654702 782
Proterra BV
E info@cat.org.uk
PO Box 188
www.cat.org.uk
6700 AD W ageningen
N et herl and s EcoMall
Ne w Yo rk, USA
T +3' (0)317467661
E ecom all@ecomall.com
F +3' (0)317467660
www.ecomal1.com
E info @p rot erra.nl
www.proterra.nl The G reen Stat ionery
Salvo (U K) Company
www.salvo.co.uk Stud io O ne
Established in 1992, Salvo 11 4 Wa lcot Street
isEurope'Sonlyassociation Bath SAl SSG
coordinating the activities UK
of architectural salvage T +44 (0)1225480 556
F +44 (0)1225481211
com paniesand reclaimed
E jay@greenstat.demon.co.uk
building moterials suppliers.
http:/ / greenstat.ebusiness.co.uk
Although membersare
predominantlyfrom the Jade M oun tain
UK, listings include PO Box 4616
companies in Australia, Bou lder , CO8030 6, USA
Belgium, Canada, Fra nce, T +1800 4421972
Ireland and the USA F +1 3034498266
E info@jademo untain.com
SmartWood® Pro gram
Rainfor est All iance www.jademountain.com
65 Bleecker Street Millennium Whole
N ew Yor k, NY 10012 Earth Catalog
USA Who le Earth
T +1 212 6 77 1900 PO Box 30 0 0
www.smartwood.org and Denville, NJ 0 7834 -98 79
www.rainforest-alliance.org
USA
Waste Watch and National T +1888 7326739
E info@wholeearthmag.com
Recycl ing Forum
Eu ro pa Hou se www.wholeearthmag.com
G ro u nd Floor Natural Coll ect io n
13-17 Ironmonger Row Eco H ou se
Lon do n EClV 3QN, U K M on m outh Place
T +44 (0)2072536266 Bath SAl 2DQ, UK
F +44 (0)2072535962 T +44 (0)8703 3 333
E info@wastewatch.org '3
F +44 (0)1225469673
www.wastewatch.org.uk/ www.naturalcollection.com
The U K Recycled Pro du ct s
Real Go ods
Guide wasjointly published
USA
by the National Recycling
www.realgoods.com
Forum and Waste Watch in
1998. It is available as a Sustainability Souce?" , Inc .,
bound copyoronlineat U SA
www.nrforg.uk and lists over E info@sustainabilitysource.com
a thousand products and www.sustainabilitysource.com
@
 ENERGY
.j:>.
0 Amazing Environmental
;;0 Organization Web Directory -
fll
Alternative Energy
VI
0 Californ ia, USA
c USA
n
fll
www.webdirectory.comfScience
VI jEnergyjAlternat,v<-Energy
British Wind Energy
Association , The
26 Spring Street
Lond on W2 l JA
UK
T +44 (0)207402 7402
F +44 (0)2074027407
E info@bwea.com
www.bwea.com
Promotes the useof
renewable wind power
and has on extensive listof
publicationsfor commercial
and domesticgeneration,
plus a list of members and
suppliers.
Centre for Sustainable
Energy
Create Centre
Smeat on Ro ad
Bristol BS1 6XN
UK
T +44 (0)11 7 929 9950
F +44 (0)1179299114
E info@cse.org.uk
www.cse.org.uk
CSEprovides research,
consultancy, education
and training in sustainable
energy technalogy
and systems. It also
has experience of delivering
local and regional initiatives
and lobbying to assist
developmentof appropriate
energy policies.
Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy
Network (EREN) (USA)
www.eren.doe.govj buildingsj
builders.htm
GENERAL
Cent er for Renewabl e Energy
and Sustainable Technlogy
(CREST)and Renewable
Energy Policy Program (REPP)
1612 K St NW, Ste 202
Washington, DC20006
USA
T +1 20229) 2898
F +' 20229) 5857
E mkcampbell@repp
www.CREST.org
CREST operates Sol st ice, an
@l
Internet information service
about renewableenergy.
International Network for
Environment Management
(INEM)
Os ters trasse 58
20259 H am bu rg
Germ any
T +49 (0)4049071600
F +49 (0)404907 '601
E info@inem .org
www .inem .orgf
INTERNATIONAL, NATIONAL
AND FEDERAL AGENCIES
Department of the
Environment, Food and
Rural Affairs
Eland H ou se
Bressenden Place
Lo nd on
SW1E 5DC
UK
T +44 (0)2079 44 )000
www.detr.gov.uk
Envirowise
UK
www .envirowise.gov.uk
A source of practical
environmental advicefor
business, a government
programme run by the
Department of the
Environment.
European Environment
Agency
Kongens Nytor v 6
1050 Copenhagen K
Denmark
T +45(0)JJJ67100
F +45 (0))))6 7199
E eea@eea .eu.int
www .eea,eu,int/
Un ited Nations
Environment Prog ramme
Wo rking Group on
Sustainable Product
Developm ent
U NE P-WG -SPD
N ieuwe Achterg racht 166
J.J. van't H off Institute,
B-315
1018 WV Am sterd am
N etherland s
E UNEP@UNEP.uva.nl
http:// unepJrw.uva.nl
This Working Grouphas
been wound up but an
interesting gallery of
products is available on
the web site.
US Env ironmental
Protection Agency
1200 Pen nsylvania
Avenue NW
Washington DC, 20460
www.epa.gov
L1FECYCLE ANALYSIS
LINKSAND ORGANIZATIONS
Dr Kohmei Halada's LCA
and ecodesign links
N ational Research Institute
for M etals, Japan
www.nrim.go.jp:8080j ecomatj
LCAj links.htm
An eclectic mixture of links
for LCA and ecodesign.
Life-Cycle Links by
Thomas Gloria
Etgloria@tufts.edu
www.life-cycle.orgjAcademia.htm
Acomprehensive list of
the linksfor LCAfrom
academia, research
institutes, government and
international organizations,
together with companies
applying LCA.
SETAC (Society of
Environmental Toxicology
and Chemistry), USA
1010 N ort h i zth Avenue
Pensacol a, FL32501-3367
USA
T +' 850469 '500
F +18504699778
E setac@selac.org
www.setac.orgj
SETAC, Asia/Pacific
CSIRO Centre for Adva nced
Analytical Chemistry
Private Mailbag 7
Bangor NSW 2234, Aus tralia
F +61 (0)29 71068)7
Egraham·batley@syd.dcel.
csiro.au
www.setac.orgf
SETAC, Europe
Avenue E Maunier 83
Boq
120 0 Brussels
Belgium
T +) 2 (0)27227281
F +)2 (0)2770 5) 86
E setac@pi ng.be
www.setac.org/
Society ofthe Promotion
of Life.Cycie Assessment
Development (SPOLD)
SPO LD Eu ropean Centre
Attn : Peter Hi nd le
Tem selaan 100
1853 Stom berk-Bever
Brussels
F +)2 24562849
www.spold.orgj FAQ.html
LCA SOFTWARE REVIEWS
AND SUPPLIERS
Boustead Consulting
Black Cottage,
East Gri nste ad, Horsham
West Sussex RH13 7BD, U K
T +44 (0)140) 864 561
F +44 (0)140) 865284
Einfo@boustead-consulting.co.uk
www.boustead·consulting.co.uk
Boustead Model version 4 is
the most extensive, up-to-
date, lifecycleinventorytool
on the market today,
drawing on over twenty-
seven years'experience to
define inputs and outputs
for thousands of raw and
manufactured materials
and processes.
Cambridge Engineering
Selector (CES3)
Granta Design Ltd
Tru m p ington Mews
40 B H igh Street
Tru m pington
Cam b ridge CB 2 2LS, U K
T +44 (0)122) 518895
F +44 (0)'22) 5064)2
E sales@grantadesign.com
www.grantades lgn.com
Cambridge Engineering
Selector permits
simultaneous selection of
material, manufacturing
process and shapefrom three
interlinked comprehensive
databases. An accompanying
CD-ROM provides access to
onlinedocumentation and
web links. Recently a new
Eco-doto module has been
developed by researchersat
Cambridge University
together with connector
software, whichallows
interconnectivity with
Boustead Consulting's
Version 4 Life Cycle Analysis
programme.
DFE Research Group
Depart m ent of M echanical
Engin eering, Design
and Manufacture
Manc heste r M etropolit an
 University
John Dalton Building
Chester Street
Manchester M1 5GD, UK
E N.Caluwe@mmu.ac.uk
http:// sunl.mpce.stu.mmu.ac.
ukjpagesjprojectsjdfej
pubsjdfeJJjlist.htm
This is an online eco-tools
manual providinga
comprehensive reviewof
twenty-six LCA/ LO tools,
seven DfEtools and nine
pol/ution, Prevention and
WastePrevention toolsby
Nilsde Caluwe,j uly 1997-
PRe Consultants BV
Plotterweg 12
J821 BB Amersfoort
Netherlands
T +Jl (o)JJ 4555022
F +Jl (o)JJ 4555024
E info@pre.nl
www.pre.nl
Suppliers of ECO-itand
entrylevel LCA software and
SimaPro, a professional
package basedupon the Eco-
indicator 99 methodology.
TNO Institute of
Indust rial Technology
PO Box 5073
2500 GB Delft
Netherlands
T +Jl (0)15 260 87 45
F +Jl (0)152608756
E ecoscan@ind.tno.nl
www.ind.tno.nljenj product
develcp mentjecoscanj
prodinfo.html
Suppliers of EcoScanJ o
entrylevel LCA software
basedupon the Eco-indicator
95and 99 methodologies.
RECYCLI NG
Alucan, Aluminium Can
Recycling Association (ACRAl
5 Gatsby Court
176 Holliday Street
Birmingham S1 lTl, UK
T +44 (0)121 6JJ 4656
F +44 (0)121 6JJ4698
E alucan@dial.pipex,com
www.alucan.org.uk
Aluca n is a national
organization dedicated to
the col/ection and recycling
of aluminium drinks cans. It
claims a recycling rate of ] 6
per cent (1998 data) of 01/
the aluminium cans sold,
which means that this
'material is the most recycled
type of packaging in the UK.
Amazing Environmental
Organization Web Directory
- Recycling
California, USA
www.webdirectory.comjRecycling
American Plastics Council
'3°° Wilson Boulevard
Suite 800
Arlington, VA 222°9, USA
http:// sourcebook.plasticsresour
ce.com
The Council maintainsan
online databaseof sources of
recycled plastics and plastics
feedstock in the USA and
Canada in cooperauon
with the Environment and
Plastics IndustryCouncil
(EPIC) of Canada.
BritishGlass, The Manufac-
turers Confederation
Northumberland Road
Sheffield
South Yorkshi re SlO 2UA, UK
T +44 (0)1142686201
F +44 (0)114 268 1073
E recycling@britglass.co.uk
www.britglass.co.uk
In 1998 glass recycling in the
EUexceeded 8 mil/ion metric
tonnes, of which British
glass constituted 6 per cent,
or 476, 000 tonnes. The
Confederation encourages
post-consumer collection
and recycling of gloss.
British Metals Federation
and Textile Recycling
Association (TRA)
16 High Street
Brampton, Huntingdon
Cambs PE28 4TU, UK
T +44 (0)1480455249
F +44 (0)1480 45J680
E admin@britmetfed.org.uk
www.bntmetfed.org.uk
The British Metals
Federation encourages
recycling offerrous and non-
ferrous metals in the UK.
It publishes a directoryof
members and provides links
to otherassociations and
organizationsin the
metals recycling industry
worldwide. The TRA
coordinates the activities
of somefortyfour members
who specialize in recyclmg
textiles in the UK.
Bureau oflnternational
Recycling
24 Avenue Franklin
Roosevelt
1050 Brussels, Belgium
T +J2 2 627 5770
F +J2 2 627 577J
E bir@bir.org
www.bir.org
BIRis on internationaltrade
associationof the recycling
industries.
Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
Kunststoff-Recycling mbH
Germany
www.dkr.de
DKR recycled around
600,000 tonnesof plastics in
1998 collectedfrom plastic
packaging under the Green
Dot system (see Duales
System DeutschlandAG)
and encourages recycling
and reuse of this waste.
DKR maintains an online
database of mainlyGerman
companiesthat manufacture
materials and products
from recycled plastics. The
organization works closely
with the design agency Bar+
Knell and organizes touring
exhibitions of their diverse
range of furniture, lighting
andfittings using recycled
plastics.
Industry Council for
Electronic Equipment
Recycling (ICER)
6 Bath Place
Rivington Street
London EC2A31E, UK
T +44 (0)20 77294766
F +44 (0)2077 299121
E pg.bscngobpf.cc.uk
www.icer.org.uk
The ICER is a cross-industry
group examining the best
way to improve recyclmg and
reuse of end-oflife elearonic
equipment.
RECOUP
9 Metro Centre
Welbeck Way
Woodston
Peterborough
Cambridgeshire
PE2 7WH, UK
F +44 (0)17JJ J90 0J'
E enquiry@recoup.or g
www.rccoup.org
RECOUP is the UK's
nationalplastic-bottle
recycling organization with
seventy:JVe members -l>-
including plastics o
manufacturers, beverage Al
I'll
companies, retailers and VI
o
local authorities. c
Textile Environment
n
I'll
VI
Network (TEN)
c/o National Centre for
Business Ecology
Peel Building
University of Salford
Greater Manchester
M5 4WT, UK
T +44 (0)161 7455276
F +44 (0)161 745 5041
Waste Watch and National
Recycling Forum
Europa House
Ground Floor
'3-'7 Ironmonger Row
London EC1V 3QN, UK
T +44 (0)20 725J 6266
F +44 (0)20 725J 5962
E info@wastewatch.o rg
www.wastewatch.org.uk
WasteWatch publishes an
online directory of products
and materials in the UK
madefrom recycled
materials. WasteWatch also
managesthe independent
Notional Recycling Forum,
which promotes recycling.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Centre for Environmental
Strategy
University of Surrey
Guildford
SurreyGU2 5XH, UK
www.surrey.ac.ukjCESjhome.htm
European Foundation for the
Improvement of Livingand
WorkingConditions
Ireland
http:/ / susdev.eurofound.ie
International Institute of
Sustaina ble Development
(IISD)
Head Office
161 PortageAvenue East,
6th Floor, Winnipeg
Manitoba R3B OY4, Canada
T +1 204958 7700
F +1 2049 58771 0
E info@iis d.ca
htlp:j jiisd.ca
National Councils for
Sustainable Development
The NCSD Network

Also refer to Leo-Design
Strategies (p.327)
SRs is a concept with five
cornerstones aimed at
reducing the impact of
design, manufacturing
and products on the
environment - to reduce,
remanufacture, reuse,
recycle and recover (energy
by incineration]. 'Reduce'
impliesdesigning to use
fewer raw materials and
less energy.
Agenda 21 is a comprehensive
blueprint for globalaction
drafted bythe 172
governments present at
the 19 9 2 Earth Summit
organized bythe United
Nations in Rio de janiero,
Brazil. It is often interpreted
and implemented at a local
level in 'Local Agenda 21'
plans.
Atmosphere refers to the
gaseous components at
and above the world's
surface including the
important gases oxygen,
hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon
dioxide, methane and
ozone.
Biosphere is the term for the
living components of the
world that meet the seven
characteristics of life-
movement, feeding,
respiration, excretion,
growth, reproduction and
sensitivity.
Carcinogens are chemicals
that are definite or potential
agents in causing cancer in
humans. Theyare classified
by the World Health
Organization according to
their perceived risk. Group
1 chemicals carryclear
evidence of risk, Group 3
chemicals may have some
associated risk.
Carryingcapacity is a finite
quantity (K) that equates to
the ecosystem resources of
a defined area such as a
locality, habitat, region,
country or planet. A given
carryi ng capacitycan
support a finite population
of organisms. Stable
populations in harmony
with the carryingcapacity
are sustainable, but
excessive population
growth can lead to sudden
decline and/or permanent
reduction in the carrying
capacity.
Clean design is the
systematic incorporation
of lifecycle environmental
considerations into
product design.
Design for environment
(OO) is the analysis
and optimization of the
environmental, health and
safety issues considered
over the entire life of the
product. DfE permits
resource depletion, waste
production and energy
usage to be reduced or
even eliminated during the
manufacture, use and
disposa l or reuse of the
product.
Design for manufacturing
(DfM) examines the
relationship between
resource usage and product
design using computer-
aided design (CAD)
and computer-aided
manufacturing (CAM)
tools for cost-effectiveness
and reduced environmental
impacts.
Design for manufacturing
and assembly (DfMA) is a
combination of DfA and
DfM thinkingand practice.
Design for X (OO) is a
generic term where X
denotes the specific
focus of a design strategy,
such as DfD.(Design
for Disassembly) or DfE
(Design for Environment).
Downcycling refers to the
recycli ng of a waste stream
to create a new material
that has properties inferior
to those of the original
virgin materials.A good
example is recycled plastic
(HDPE) panels made
of multicolouredwaste
sources.
Eco-efficiency embodies the
concept of more efficient
use of resources with
reduced environmental
impacts resulting in
improved resource
productivity, i.e., doing
more with less.
Eco-Iabel refersto labels
applied to products and
materials that conform
to standards set by
independent organizations
to reduce environmental
impacts. There are national
and internationaleco-Iabels
- see p. 333 for a detailed
listing.
Ecc-wheel, or ecodesign
strategy wheel, is a means
of identifying strategies
that will assist in
making environmental
improvements to existing
products. It embraces eight
strategies: 1) selection of
low-impact materials; 2)
reduction of materials
usage; 3) optimization of
production techniques; 4)
optimization of distribution
system; 5) reduction of
impact during use; 6)
optimization of initial
lifetime; 7) optimization of
end-of-life system; and 8)
new concept development.
Eco-tools: A generic name
for software or non-
software tools that help
with the analysisof the
environmental impact of
products, manufacturing
processes, activities and
construction projects.
Tools generally fall into
several main categories:
Lifecycle analysis,design
or environment, environ-
mental management or
eco-audits and energy
flow management.
Ecodesign is a design
process that considers the
environmental impacts
associated with a product
throughout its entire
life from acquisition
of raw materials through
production/manufacturing
and use to end of life. At
the same time as reducing
environmental impacts,
Glossary
ecodesign seeks to improve
the aesthetic and functional .j>.
aspects of the product o
;0
with due consideration to (I)
social and ethical needs. 1I1
o
Ecodesign is synonymous C
with the terms design for ~
(I)
environment (DfE), often 1I1
used bythe engineering
design profession, and
Iifecycle design (LCD) in
North America.
Ecc-indicator is a single
numeric value used to
denote the environmental
impact of a material,
process or product
used in specific
softwareapplications
and their databases . Eco-
indicators are calculated
in a two-step process, first
using empiricaldata,
then applying a weighting
calculated by making
subjective decisions as
to the degree of importance
of different types of
environmental impact.
For example, many
software applications rate
ozone depletion as more
important than acid rain
or pesticide pollution. Eco-
indicators are veryuseful
for determining the relative
environmental impacts
of differentmaterials,
processes or products,
but care must be exercised
when comparing eco-
indicators originating
from differentsoftware
applications and databases.
Ecomaterials are materials
that have minimal impact
on the environment at the
same time as providing
maximum performance for
the required design task.
Ecomaterials originating
from components from
the biosphere are
biodegradable and cyclic,
whereas ecomaterials
originating from the
technosphere are easily
recyclable and can be
contained within 'closed-
loop' systems.
EcoReDesign (ERD) was
first coined by the Royal
 Glossary
Me lbou rne Institute of
.j:>.
Techno logy, Australia,
0 to denote the redesigning
;:0
(I) of existing products to
VI
0 reduce the environmen tal
c process of analyzing the
impa ct of one or
(1
(I) mo re components
VI
of t he product.
Ecological footprint is a
measure of the resource
use by a population with in
a defined area of land,
incl uding imported
resources. Assessment
of the ecological footprint s
of nation states or
other defined geographic
areas reveals the true
environmental im pact of
t hose states and t heir ability
to survive on their own
resources in the long term .
The term ecologcial
footprint can also be
applied to products but is
more common ly referred
to as the environ mental
'rucksack' associated with
product manufact uring.
Embodied energy is the total
energy stored in a product
or material and includes
the energy in the raw
materials , transport to the
place of product ion , energy
in manufacturing and
(some times) transpo rt
energy used in the
distribut ion and retail chain.
It is measured in MJ per kg
o r GJ per tonne .
End oflife (Eol) describes
both the end of the life
of the actual prod uct
and the cessation of t he
enviro nmenta l im pacts
associated with t he
produ ct. Disassemb ly and
recycling of com ponents
and/o r mater ials at a
produ ct's Eol are
preferable to d isposal via
landfill or incin eration.
End of pipe (EoP) solution is
anoth er term given to
pol lutio n contro l in which
the by-products of
manufacturing processes
that are toxic or hazardous
emissions or wastes are
treated or neutra lized
before being released to the
8
wider enviro nmen t. Thi s is
design to correct or
min im ize a pro blem.
Environment conscious
manufacturing (ECM) is the
application of green
engineering techniques
to manufactu ring to
encou rage greater efficiency
and reduction of emissi ons
and waste.
Environ mental impact
assessment (EIA) is
a complex process of
predic ting and deAning the
possible enviro nme ntal
effects of public- and
private-sector projects in
advance of implementat ion
and of examining how to
m itigate the predic ted
impac ts. Or iginating in
North America in the 1970s,
EIAs are typical ly applied to
constr uction , forestry,
infrastructu re and housing
projects . In Europe and th e
U K public enqui ries and
local government planning
department proc esses
generally take the place of
EIAs.
Environmental management
systems (EMS) are
aim ed at improving the
environmental performance
of organ izations in a
systematic way integrated
with legislative and
compliance requirements.
The international bench-
mark for EM S is the
Internati onal Standard
ISO 14001, wh ich more
and more organiz ations
each year are meeting , but
nat ional EMS standards
also play a sign ificant
role, such as th e Brit ish
Standard for Environme ntal
M anagement , BS 7750 .
Other independent ly
certi fied systems exist,
such as EMAS operated in
the European u nion .\
EU Energy label is a
classificat ion applied to
dom estic appli ances such
as washing m achines and
refrigerators according to
their energy use, expressed
as kWh per year. Gro up A
are t he most energy-
efficient and Group G are
the least efficient. Thi s
scheme is due to be
expanded to other types
ofappliances .
Geosphere con sist s of
the inorganic, geological
compo nents of the world
such as mineral s, rocks
and stone, sea and fresh
water.
Green design is a design
process in which the
focu s is on assessing and
dealing with ind ividual
environmental impacts of a
prod uct rather than on the
product's enti re life.
Greenhouse gases are
any manmade gaseous
emissio n that cont ributes
to a rise in the average
temp erat ure of the earth , a
pheno meno n know n as
global warm ing, by trapping
the heat of the sun in the
earth's atmosphere. The key
greenhouse gases include
carbon dioxide , mainly from
fossil-fuel burning activities;
methane from landfill
sites, agriculture and coal
production; chlorofluoro-
carbons (CFCs), hydro-
chlorof uorocarbons,
(HCFCs) and hydrofluoro-
carbons (H FCs), used in
refrigerants and aerosols;
nitrous oxide from nylon
and nitr ic acid production,
fossil-fuel burning and
agricultu re; and sulphur
hexafluoride from the
chem ical indu stry.
Greywater is the waste
water fro m personal or
general dome stic washing
activit ies.
Industrialecology is a holistic
approach th at con siders
the interacti on between
natural, econom ic and
indust rial system s. It is
also term ed ind ustrial
metabolism .
Intelligenttransportsystem
(ITS) is a series of in te-grated
tra nsport networ ks in
which individual networks
use specific tr anspo rt
mo des but allow easy
inte rconnec tion to facilitate
efficient movement of
people.
Lifecycle analysis or Lifecycle
assessment (LCA) is the
environmental impact of a
produc t from the cradle t
o the grave in four major
phases: production ,
transportrd istribution/
packaging, usage, disposal
or end of life/des ign for
disassemb ly/design for
recycling.
Lifecycle inventory(LCI)
is the practice of analyzing
the environmental
consequences of inputs
required and ou tputs
generated during the life
of a product.
Lifecycle matrix is a too l
or checklist to analyze
potential environ mental
im pacts at each phase
in the product's lifecycle.
Different types of indust ry
create specific Iifecycle
mat rices related to
t he peculiarities of th e
manufactu ring process
of their produ cts.
Lithosphere is the geological
strata th at make up th e
earth 's crust.
Mobility path describes a
route an indiv idual can
take travelling between two
poi nts using one or mo re
forms of transport whic h
are, preferably, integrated
into a flexible system (see
ITS).
Non-renewable resources are
tho se in fin ite supply that
cannot be regenerated or
renewed by synt hesizing
the energy of the sun. Such
resources include fossil
fuels, metals and plastics.
Im provin g the rate of
recycling will extend the
longevity of these
resources.
Off-gasing is t he term for
emissio ns of volati le
comp ounds to the air
fro m synth etic or natural
polymers. Emi ssions
usually derive fro m the
addit ives, elastomers, Allers

and residual chemicals
from the manufacturing
process rather than from
the long, molecular-cha in
polymers.
Post·consum er waste is
waste t hat is collected
and sorted after the product
has been used by the
consumer. It includes glass,
newspaper and cans from
special roadside 'banks'
or disposal facil ities. It is
generally much more
variable in composition
than pre-con sum er waste
(see below).
Pre·consumer waste is
waste generated at the
manufact uring plant or
product io n facility.
Prod ucer responsibility (PR)
prescribes the legal
responsibilities of
producers/manufacturers
for their prod ucts from the
cradle to the grave. Recent
Euro pean legislation for
certain product sectors,
such as electronic and
electrical goods, packaging
and vehicles, sets specific
requirem ents regarding
'take-back' of products
and targets for recycling
com ponents and materials.
Product lifecycle (PLC) is
the result of a lifecycle
assessment of an individual
product, which analyzes its
environm ental impact.
Renewable resources refer
to those resources that
originate from storage
of energy from the sun by
living org anism s including
plant s, animals and
hum ans. Provid ing that
sufficient water, nutrients
and sunshine are available,
renewable resources can be
grown in continuous cycles.
Smart prod ucts are those
with in-built sensors to
cont rol th e function of t he
product automatically or to
make the user aware of the
cond ition of the product.
Sustainable is an adjective
appl ied to diverse subjects
includ ing populat ions,
cities, development,
businesses, communities
and habitats ; it means
that the subject can
persist a long time into the
future .
Sustainable development:
According to the most
widely quoted definition ,
published in the 1987 report
'O ur Common Future '
by the World Commission
on Environment and
Development chaired by
Gro H arlem Brundtland, the
Norwegian prime mi niste r,
sustainable developmen t is
develop men t that meets
the needs of the present
without compromising the
ability of future generations
to meet their own needs.
The term contains within
it two key concepts:
the concept of 'needs', in
particular the essential
needs of th e world's poor,
to which overriding priority
should be given; and the
idea of limitations imposed
by the state of technology
and social organization on
the environment's ability
to meet present and
future needs.
Sustainable product design
(SPO) is a design philoso phy
and practice in which
products contribute to
social and economic
well-being , have negligible
impacts on the environment
and can be produced fro m a
sustainable resource base.
It embodies the practice
of eco-design, with due
attentio n to environ menta l,
ethical and social facto rs,
but also includes economic
conside rations and
assessments of resource
availabil ity in relation to
sustainable production .
Sustainable products serve
huma n needs without
depleti ng natu ral and
manmade resources,
without damage to the
carrying capacity of
ecosystems and without
restricting the options
available to present and
futu re generations .
Glossary
Technosphere consists of the hydrogen, fluorine and
synthetic and compo- carbon
site components and HOPE high-density
materials formed by polyethylene
human interventionin re- LOPE low-density
ordering and com bining polyethylene
components and mater ials GRP glass-reinfo rced plastic
of the biosphere, geo- (polyme r)
sphere and atmosphere. NO nitrous oxide
True technosphere NO x oxides of nitrogen
mater ials cannot re-enter N iMH nickel metal hydride
the biosphere through the N iCd nickel cadmium
process of biodegradation o ozone
alone. Synthetic polymers P~ polyethylene (polythene)
such as plastics are PET polyethylene
examp les of such mater ials. terephthalate
Transport energy is t he PP po lypropylene
energy expended to PS polystyrene
PU polyu rethane
transport or distribute
PVC polyvinyl chloride
a product from the
VOC volatile organic
manufacturer to the
compound
wholesaler or retailer.
Locally manufactured and
locally purchased produc ts Miscellaneous
tend to have much lower EV electric vehicle
transport energies than LED light em itt ing dio de
imp orted products. The PV photovolt aic
unit of measure is M ) per CFL com pact fluo rescent
kilogram . lamp
UV ultraviolet light
use-Impact products are
DC direct current
consumer products
AC alternating current
that create (major)
environmental impacts, PM10S particulate matte r
such as cars and electrical (dust , acids and other
appliances. types) suspended in the air
and measuring less than
Volatile organic compounds O.OOOO1 mm d iameter
(VOCs) are natural and
PV photovoltaic mod ule
synth etic organic chemic als
PRN packaging recovery note
that can easily move
between the solid/liquid
and gaseous phase.
ACRONYMS AND
ABBREVIATIONS
Materials, chemicals
ABS acrylonit rile-but adiene-
styrene
CFCs chlo rinate d
fluorocarbons -
compounds containing
chlorine, fluorine and
carbon
CO carbon monoxi de
C02 carbon dioxide
HC hydrocarbon
HCFCs
hydroch lorofluorocarbons -
compounds containing
hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine
and carbon
HFCs hydrofluorocarbons-
compounds containing
 Further Reading
Books
.j:>.
o Building Research
;:0
Cb EARLY VISIONARIES
III
0 Carson , Rachel, SilentSpring
c Boston, and Earthscan,
n (1962), Hamish H am ilt on,
UK.
Cb
III
Ecologist, The, editors of,
A Blueprint for Survival
(1972), Penguin Books, UK/
Austra li a.
Fuller , Richard Buckminster,
Operating Manualfor
Spaceship Earth (1969),
Feffer & Simons, London
and Am sterdam.
Meadows, Donella , Dennis
Meadows, [ergen Randers
and William Behrens III , The
Lim its to Growth, A Report
for the Club Df Rome's
Project on the Predicament
DfMankind (1972), Earth
Island, Lo ndon.
Meller, James (ed) , The
Buckminster Fuller Reader
(1970), Jonathan Cape,
Lond on .
Packard, Vance, The Hidden
Persuaders (1957). Penguin
Books, UK.
Packard, Vance, The Waste
Makers (1960), Penguin
Books, U K/ Aust ralia.
Papanek, Victor,
Designfor the RealWDrld,
Human ECDlagy and Social
Change(1972), Thames &
H udson, Lo ndon.
Wri ght , Frank Lloyd, The
Natural House (1 963).
Hori zon Press, New York.
ARCHITECTURE
Baggs, Sydney and Joan, The
Healthy House (1996),
Thames & Hu dson,
Londo n.
Behling , Soph ia and St efan,
Soiar PDwer: The EVDlution
oj Sustoinabte Architecture
(2000 ), Prestel Verlag,
Mun ich.
Howard, Ni gel and David
Sheirs, The Green Guide to
SpecificatiDn, An
Environmental PrDfiling
System for Building
@)
Materialsand Components
(1998), BRE Report 351 ,
Establishment , UK.
Jones, David Lloyd ,
Architectureand the
Environment: Bioelimatic
Building Design (1998),
Lawrence King Publishing,
Londo n.
Siessor , Catherine, Eco·Tech:
Sustainable Architectureand
High Techn ology (1997 ).
Thames & H udson,
London.
Vale, Robert and Brenda ,
GreenArchitecture: Design
for a Sustainable Future
(1991), Thames & Huds on ,
Lo ndon .
Wines , James (and Phil ip
[odldio [edl], Green
Architecture (200 0 ),
Taschen, Cologne.
Woolley, Tom, Sam
Kimmins, Paul Ha rrison and
Rob Ha rrison , Green Building
Handbook, A guide to
building products and their
impact on the environment
(1997), E & F N Spon,
London .
BUSINESS AND
SUSTAINABILITY
Allenby , B, and D Richards ,
(eds). The Greening Df
Industrial Ecasystems
(1994), Nat ion al Academ y
Press, Washington, D.C.
Charter, Martin and Ursu la
Tischner (eds), Sustainable
Solutions: Developing
Products and ServicesfDr the
Future (2001), Greenleaf
Publishin g, U K.
Datsc hefs ki, Edwin ,
Sustainable Products: The
Trillion DDllar Opportunity
(1999), ) L Publishing,
H itchin, U K.
Davis, John, Greening
Business: Managingf Dr
Sustainable Development
(1991), Blackwell, Oxford .
Fussier, Claude with Peter
James, Driving Leo-innovation
(1996), Pitman Publishing,
Lo ndo n.
Haw ken, P A B, Lovins and
L H Lovins , Natural
Capitalism: Creating the
Next IndustrialRevolution
(1999), Litt le & Brown,
Lo ndon.
Institute of Materials and
Glasgow Caledonian
Un ivers ity , Manufacturing
and the Environment
(1997), Institute of
Materials, London .
Kirkwood, R C, and A J
Longley , CleanTechnDlogy
and the Environment (1995),
Blackie Academic &
Professional, Lo ndon.
ECODESIGN, GREEN DEStGN,
00, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT
DESIGN
Balcioglu, Tevfik (ed), The
Rote DfProduct Design in
PDSt Industrial SDciety
(1998). Middle East
Technical University Facult y
of Archite ct ure Press,
Ankara, and Kent Inst it ute
of Art & Design, Rochester,
UK.
Beukers , Adriaan and Ed van
H inte, Lightness: The
Inevitable Renaissance Df
Minimum Energy Structures
(1999), 010 Publishers,
Rotterdam.
Bill asto s, Sam ir and Nadi a A
Basaly, Green Technology and
Design for the Environment
(1997),
Taylo r and Francis,
Washington D.C.
Brezet, Han and Carolein
van H ernel, Ecodesign. A
Promising Approach to
Sustainable Production
and Consumption (1997),
United Nat ions
Environment Program me,
Paris, France.
Burre ll , P, Product
DevelDpment and the
Environment (1996),
Design Coun cil & Gower
Publ ications, London.
Com m iss ion of the Europ ean
Communitie s, Green Paper
on Integrated Product Policy
(2001), CO M , Brussels.
Henstock, M , Designfor
Recyelability (1988),
Instit ute of Metals, Londo n.
Krause, F. and Helmut
Jansen (eds). Life Cyele
Modellingfor Innovative
Products aI. Processes (1 996),
Chapman & Hal l, London.
Lyle, John, Regenerative
Design for Sustainable
Design, (1994) , Wiley, New
York.
MacKenz ie, Dorothy , Green
Design: Designfor the
Environment (1991). Rizzoli,
New York.
Papanek, Victor, The Green
Imperative: ECDIDgy aI. Ethics
in Design and Architecture
(1995), Thame s & Hudson ,
London.
Van der Ryn, Sim & Stua rt
Cowan , EcolDgical Design
(1996), Island Press,
Washingto n D.C.
van H inte , Ed and Conny
Bakker, Trespassers:
lnspirationsfDr Eco·efficient
Design (1999), 010
Publ ishers, Rotterdam.
Whi t eley, Nigel . Design For
Society (1993), Reaktion
Books, London.
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
AND DATA
Brundtland , Gro Harlem
et ai, Worl d Comm ission
on Environment and
Development ,
Our CDm mDn Future
(1987), O xford Uni versity
Press, UK/USA.
Environmen t
Curran , Susan,
Handbook (1998), The
Stationery Office, UK.
Lees, Ni gel and H elen
Wool ston , Environmental
InformatiDn: A Guide to
Sources (1997). The British
Library, Lond on.
McLaren, Dunc an, Simon
Bulloc k and Nus rat Yo usuf.
TDmDrrDw's World,
Britain's Share in a
SustainableFuture (1998),
Earthscan, London.

GENERAL
Mutant
Antonelli , Paola,
Materials in Contemporary
Design (1995), Museum of
Modern Art , New York.
Coun sell , Simon, TheGood
Wood Guide (1996), Friends
of the Eart h, London .
Elkington, John and Julia
Ha iles, The GreenConsumer
Guide (1988), Gollanc z,
London.
Nat iona l Recycling Forum/
Waste Watch, UKRecycled
Products Guide (1998) ,
N atio nal Recycling
Forum / Waste Watch , UK.
Philips Design, La Casa
Prossima Futura (The Home
of the Near Future)
exhibition (1999) , Royal
Phi lip s Elect ro nics,
Neth erlands.
Philips Design, Vision of the
Future (1996), Philip s
Design and V+ K Publ ishing,
Netherlands.
Powers, Alan, Naturein
Design (1999), Conra n
Octopus, Lon don.
Ramakers, Remy and Gils
Bakker (eds), Droog Design.
Spirit of the Nineties (1998),
010 Publishers, Rotterdam .
Recycling,
Taylor , Louise et ai,
Formsfor the Next Century
- Austerityfor Posterity
(1996), Craftspace Touring,
Birmingham .
Magaz ine s,
joumals, e-zines
and new s lette rs
ARCHITECTURE
Environmental Design ~
Construction (USA)
A magazine covering all
aspects of environmentally
sound build ing design and
const ruct ion.
www.edcmag.com
GreenClips: Sustainable
Building Design News
Digest (USA)
An e-mail newslette r and
web resource prov iding a
sum mary of the latest news
o n sustainable bui ld ing
design.
www.greendesign.netj greenclips
BUSINESS AND
SUSTAINABILITY
Business and the Environment
(Cutte r, USA)
A hard-cop y and onl ine
resource for bus iness
executives wo rldw ide to
keep abreast of the debate
on environmental
management issues.
http:// eutter.eom/ bale
Greener Management
Internat ional- Thejournal of
Corpora te Environmental
Strategy and Practice
(Greenleaf Publishing, UK)
A quarterly jo urnal, which
disc usses t he develop-
men ts aro und key stra-
tegic envi ronme ntal and
sustai nabi lity issues and
th eir effects on public- and
pr ivate-secto r orga ni zatio ns.
http:/ /www.greenleaf·
publishing.eom
Sustain
(Wo rld Busin ess Cou ncil for
Sustainable Development ,
Switzerland)
Quarterl y magaz ine
providing examples of
how members are tackling
the issue of susta inable
development and
discussing current
issues .
www.wbesd.eh
Tomorrow
(Tomorrow Publishi ng,
Sweden)
A print and web media
journal inform ing about
corpo rate environmen tal
issues, prov iding analysis
and offering pract ical
solu tio ns.
www. tomorrow-web.cc m
Sustainable Business
(USA)
A mo nth ly online maga zine,
which collates news,
features and regular
columns from the growing
arena of susta inable
business.
www.sustainablebusiness.com
ECODESIGN, GREEN DESIGN,
D1X, SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT
DESIGN
The Biothinker
(Biothinking International ,
UK)
A newsletter that promotes
the ph ilosophy of cyclic,
solar and safe pract ices in
relat ion to the design of
products and services.
www.biothinking.com
Ecocycle
An onl ine newslette r
ded icated to product li fe-
cycle management (LCM)
and the dissem ination of
information on pol icy and
technical issues.
www.ec.gc.cajecocycle
Eco Design
(Ecologica l Design
Association ,UK)
This is the journal of t he
Ecological Design
Association, serving its
m em bership of over 1,50 0
in the UK and overseas.
Issues tend to be based
upon th emes such as
transpo rt , eco-products
and self-build, bu t each
incorporates diverse
editorial matte r from
lifestyle to semi -technical.
www.edaweb.org
International journal of
Environmentally Conscious
Design and Manufacturing
(ECDM Lab, University of
Windsor, Canada)
Exam ines the short- and
lo ng-term effects of design
and manufacturing on the
environment and reports
recent trends, advances
and research results.
www.ijecdm.com
j ournal of Life Cycle
Assessment
A jo urna l devoted ent irely to
LCA for pract itioners,
prod uct m anagers and all
t hose interested in reducing
th e ecological bur dens of
produ ct s and systems.
www.ecorned.dej joumalsj
lcajlca.htrn
journal of Indus trial Ecology
(Massachusetts In stitute of
Technology , USA)
Further Reading
A quarterly hard-co py and
onl ine journal published by ~
M IT, which encompasses 0
mater ial and energy-fiow
;u
(J)
III
studies, lifecycle analysis, 0
design for th e environment, c
product stewardship and n
(J)
much mo re. Although III
aimed at academ ia, it is a
good source of techn ical
inform ation, statist ics and
contacts .
http:/ / mitpress.mit.eduIJIE
j ournalof Sustainable
Product Design
(The Centre for Sustainable
Design, UK)
A qua rterly pu blicat ion
that includes contri butions
from academia and
indu st ry to enco urage
busine ss towa rds
sustainable pract ices,
pro duc ts and services.
www.cfsd.org.ukjjournal
ENVIRONMENTAL NEWS,
POLICY AND INFORMATION
ENDS Report, The
(Environmental Data
Services Ltd, UK)
In continuous publication
since '978, The ENDS
Report is a comprehensive
monthly print and web
media journal offering
news , analysis and features
on enviro nmental polic y
and business , with a UK
focus informed by
developments in the EU.
www.endsreport.com
ENDS Environment Daily
(Environmental Data
Services Ltd, U K)
A daily electronic news
service focusing on
environmental policy
develo pments in Europe.
www.environmentdaily.com
GENERAL
Green Futures
(Foru m for the Futu re, U K)
M agazin e that focuses o n
issues of sustai nable
develo pment illustrated by
case studies and init iat ives
in business, ind ustry and
local govern ment.
www.forumforthefuture.org.uk
8
 Further Reading/Index
Itch (magaz ine)
.j>.
(Sustainable Solut ion s
o Design Association ,
;;0
(l) Denma rk)
til
o A qu arterly m agazine,
C reusab le and recyclable
;:;(l) which focu ses o n
sustainability and fashion
til
for designe rs of textiles
and clothes.
www.psd·dk.comj_psd_htmj
info.htm
( Index
zpm Ltd 101 , 312
3M Deutschland GmbH 2'5,3 '2
3M, UK 270
3MTM 8000 215
3M Serie 9300 270
teo-Piece-KitArm chair 39
10939 Wedding Dress 126
Abbate, Cinzia 229. 304
ABG Ltd 270,3' 2
Acadia Board Company 278,3'2
ACAT fibre board 292
AccuPlus Ultra 269
Ackon, Gabriele 42, 304
Acordis Speciality FibresfAcordis
Fibres (Holdings) Ltd 29',3' 2
Ad Rem Design '79, 304
Advanced Elastomer Systems
LP 297,3'2
Advanced Environmental Recycling
Technologies, Inc. 292, 312
Advanced Vehicle Design '4 6,
' 49,3 ' 2
AElOOO Free-power Radi o 163
AEG Hausgerate GmbH "9, 3' 2
Aerodyn Energiesysteme GmbH
256,3'2
Aeron 196
AeroVironment, Inc. 148,222,223.
304,3'2
AERT LifeCycle, ChoiceDekand
MoistureShield 292
Aga-Rayburn "4,3'2
Agatha Dreams 19
Agro Plastic 296
Air Box 210
Air Packaging Technologies. Inc.
210,3 12
Airbag 22
Airfil 210
Airsaddle ' 53
Airtecture 238
Akeler Developments 236,304
Akylux 210
Akzo Nobel Decorative Coatings
AB(Nordsj5) 298,3'2,32'
Aladdin Power 110
Alaska Center for Appropriate
Technology 292, 304
Alden& Ott 289, 3'2
AlessiSpA ,69 ,3'2
Recycler's World
(RecycieNet Corpo rat ion ,
Canada)
This is a wo rldwide tr ading
site for inform ation about
produ cts, by-produc ts and
m aterials .
www .recycle.net
Recycling World
(Tec Publicat ion s, U K)
) Asga 114
Alfred Karcher GmbH & Co. "7,
3' 2
Alinea, Atelier, AG 85,3' 2
All Paper Recycling, Inc. 280, 3'2
Alliance for BeverageCartons and
the Environment 338
Allison Bus 216
Almerelow-cost housing 233
Alternative Crops Technology
Interaction Network (ACTIN)
334
Alternative Energy 336
Alternative TechnologyAssociation
332
Alucan, Aluminium Can Recycling
Association 337
AmasecAiml 210,312
Amato, John ' 55, 304
Amazing Environmental
Organization Web Directory-
Alternative Energy 336
Amazing Environmenta l
Organization Web Directory -
Recycling 337
American Excelsior Company 282,
3' 2
American Hardwoods Export
Council 243, 250
American Institute of Architects
33
'
American Plastics Council 337,338
Ampair Ltd 25',3'2
Amtico Company Ltd, The 249,
3'2
Andringa, Jacqueline 81,3°4
Anna Chaise 79
Anstalten Thorberg 248,3'2
AnthologieQuanett 81,304
Apotheloz, Christophe '53, 304
APT BatteryAdapter 268
Aquair 100, Aquair U. W. 251
Arai, Junichi 291,3°4
Arbor Vitae 201,312
Arena Vision 401 195
Argyll CF727 290
Arizona Fibers Marketing 285,312
Armstrong World Industries, Inc.
249,3 ' 2
Arosio. Pietro 31,304
Artemide SpA 97,3'2
Trade ma gazine, which
exam ines the latest
developm ents in
recycling techn ology and
new in it iatives in the
UK and Europe and offe rs
a resource for tr ading
recycled materials
called Recyclers'
Corner .
www.teeweb.corn/recyde
Arzuaga,Amaya 125, 304
Ash Round Table 54
Association for Environment
Conscious Building (AECB) 33'
Association of Plastics
Manufacturers Europe (APM E)
338
AstroPower 252
AstroPower, Inc. 251,252, 312
Atfield, Jane 35,43, 45,304
ATHENN M Sustainable Materials
Institute 334
Attila ' 73
Auro paints, oils, waxes and
finishes 286
Auro Paints/ Aura Pflanzencherme
AGjAure GmbH 286,3' 2
Austrian Ecodesign Information
Point 331
Authentic Rooft'' 242
Authen tics arti present GmbH 49,
'7 8, 189,3 '3
Avant de Dorrnir 61,313
AxorStarck Dusche 262
Axor Starck mixer tap 262
Azumi, Shin and Tomoko 71, 78,
3°4
BabyStingray 224
Baccarne bvba 227,304, 313
BaccarneDesign 227, 3' 3
Bakker, Erik 75,304
Baleri ltalia 197,313
Bally, Boris 27, 304
Bamboo Bicycle, The '44
Bamboo Hardwoods, Inc. 281,313
Ban, Shigeru 80,234,237 ,304
Bansod, Abhijit '9' ,304
Baohm, Fons 113
Bar + Knell (Beata and Gerhard Bar
and Hartmut Knell) 30,68 ,8' ,
93,102,103, 107,304
Barlow-Lawson, Stephen 196, 304
Barnacle 178
Baroli, Luigi 197, 304
Bartsch Design 256, 304
Basi c Bass, The 165
Basket 2 Hands 178
Bastian 22
BdsjStudio eg 203
Beacon Print ltd 271 ,313
Bean-e-clean'v 287
Bedrock Industries 172,313
BedZED Housing 239
Benza, Inc. '74 , ,85, 3'3
Warmer Bulletin
Focuses on resource
recovery and waste
managemen t, including
reports o n legisl ative,
technical and policy
developments around the
world .
www.residua.com/ WB.html
Bergne, Sebastian 49, 89, 304
Berkowitz, Adam 201, 3° 4
Bernabei, Rina 86,304
Bernard Kerr and PejackCampbell
"5 ,3 04
Bernett, Jeffrey 100, 304
Bernini 86
Berthier, Marc 163,3°4
Besse, Hedda 111,304
BEST Buro fur Produktgestaltung
"7,3 0 4
Bey, Jurgen 25, 60, 74,227,304
Big Legs 22
Bill Dunster Architects 234, 239,
304
Bindoplast 298
BioT ® 287
BioAcouSliCFish Fence (BAFF)
270
BioChem Systems 287,3'3
BioComposites Centre, The 334
Biocorp 282, 313; polymer 282
BioFab LLCjPacific Gold Board
280,3'3
BioFoam 282
BioForm® 287
Biomorph InteractiveDesklt d
'96
Biomorph Multi Desk '96
Bionelle® 296
Biopac 215
Bioplast® 282
Biopol'" 296
biopolymers 282-84
Biopur® 282
Biora 298
BioRegional Development Group
239,304
Bioshield PaintCompany 286,313
BioShield paints,stains, thinners,
waxes 286
Biotec 282,3'3
Blackwall Ltd '58,3 '3
Blanca, OscarTusquets 228, 305
Blejer, Danilea, and Saskia
Bostelmann 229, 305
Blotter 23
BMW '32,3 ' 3
boards and composites 278·80
boards and sheeting 292-93
Bob 169
BOC Distribution Services 21 9, 313
BodyRaft 23
BodyShop International pic ' 30,
3'3

BodyShop. The. range 1JO
Boeri, Cini 45.305
Bogdan Light 92
Boner. Jorg 66. J05
goc ntje. Tord 177. J05
Boox 61
Bopp LeuchtenGmbH 9J, 107. J1J
Boris Bally, Atelier 27
Bostelmann, Saskia (see Bleier,
Danilea,and Saskia
Bostelmann)
Bottle Stopper & Opener 175
Bottle-Top Stool. The 2J
Boustead Consulting JJ6
Box chair 32
BPAmoco pic 259.J1J
BP Solar International 111 ,3 13
BPSolarex 259,J1J
Brass Cloth JOO
BRE. New Environmental Office
2JJ
Bredahl, Pil, and Liselotte Risell
J7.J05
BREE Collection GmbH & Co. KG
l JO, J1J
Bristow, Stuart 177.305
British GlassManufacturers
Confederation, The JJ7
British Metals Federationand
Textile Recycling Association
(TRA) JJ7
British Plastics Federation 338
BritishStandard s Institute 333
BritishWind Energy Association
JJ6
Broess, Alfons 20, 305
Brompton BicycleLtd '47, J1J
Brompton 147
Brook Hansen 269.313
Brown. julian/StudioBrown 173,
J05
Bruggli Produktion &
Dienstleistung 153.313
BTM International Ltd 217. J1J
Buchner DesignStudio 278, 305.
J1J
Bucket Seat 25
Buderus HeiztechnikGmbH 255.
J1 J
BuildingResea rch Establishment
JJ4
Bulo Office Furniture 57,J1J
Burch 267, J1J
Bureau of International Recycling
JJ7
Burkhardt. Roland 257. J05
Buro fur Form 182,3°5
Buro fur Produktgestaltung 117,
256. J05
Buro Happold seeFeilden Clegg
Architects
Business Lines Ltd 216,313
BUT 184. J1J
Bute FabricsLtd 290. J1J
( 1 Recliner and Footstool 32
Cabka Plast Kunststoff-
verarbeitungsGmbH 293,313
CafeDuo HD 1740/42 "5
Cahen, Antoine 111,3°5
Calstart JJ8
Cambridge Engineering Selector
(CESJ) JJ6
Cambridge University 269
Campana, Fernando and
HumbertorCampana Objetos
Ltda JJ. 84. J05.J14
Canon IXUS 161
Canon. Inc./Canon (UK) Ltd 161 .
Index
207. J14 Clivus 26J, J14 Daimler Chrysler 'J5, lJ9. 142.
Can-a-Worms 158 Coates. Nigel J6. J05 '44,J -l:o
Cantlva Cock & Hen "9 '4
Daimler ChryslerCCV 'J5
Capa® 282
290
Cold Feather 217 Dalen, Dr Gustaf 114
o
;;0
CapeLight 92 Collection of Mammoth Pillows, A Dalsouple Direct Ltd 246. J14 (l)
Cappellini Arte/Capeum! SpA J4, 70 Dalsouple 246 V1
4J, 44, 4 8, 5'. 54, 59. 78. 80. 99. ColorTrends, Inc. 287,314 Dalton Lucerne Rare Fibres Ltd
o
C
100 ,3 14 Colorette 249 290. J14 ;:;
Carbohydrate Economy Columbia Emergency Water Danesesri 1]0,315 (l)
V1
Clearinghouse,The JJ4 System 26J Dasic Aerostrip 299
Cardboard Chair JJ Columbia (seeComarco Wireless Dasic International Ltd 299,316
Cardnuff Ian seeVK & C Technologies. Inc.) David ZyneProductions 42,315
Partnership Colwell, David J2, 54, J05 Daybed J6
Cargill Dow Polymers 211.284, Comarco Wireless Technologies, De Denktank (Design Studio) 205,
J14 Inc. 2JO, J14 lOS
Carnegie fabric 290 'Comeback' series 93 De Eurobank 227
Carrasco, Pedro 191,305 ComforTemp 300 de Haas, Marit '54, J05
Carrington Performance Fabrics Communications Furniture 71 De [onghe. Marc 266. J05
296. J14 CommunityEco-Design Network de Klerk, Sander 71. J05
Carta 80 (CEN) JJ2 de Leede, Annelies 1]2,3°5
Cartoons 197 Compak SystemsLtd. 278.J14 DeckChair J6
Ceccotti Ccllez ion i srl '9.314 CompaqComputerCorporation Deep E Company 129,285. J15
Celotex Ltd 20J. 285. J14 254. J14 DEKAResearch & Development
Celotex Sealcoat 285 ComPoint 230 Corporation 143,306 ,315
Centerfor Environmentally Composite Panel Associat ion DELIGHT 196
Appropriate Materials 334 (CPA)and Composite Wood Delite 145
Center for Renewable Energy and Council (CWC) JJ8 DEMI JJl
Sustainable Technology Composite Wood Council (CWC) depart® 282
(CREST) and Renewable JJ8 Department of the Environment,
Energy Policy Program (RE PP) CompostConverter 158 Food and Rural
JJ6 Concord Lighting '95, J14 Affairs JJ6
Center of Excell ence for Connell, Christopher 56, 57,J05 Design Academy Eindhoven 20,
Sustainable Development: Conservation 288 2),5). ) 0. 7', 7J, 74. 75,81.128,
Affordable Housing JJl Consortium on Green Design and '52, '54, '59. 165, 278,J06, J15,
Centrefor Alternative Technology Manufacturing (CGDM) JJl JJl
JJ'.JJ5 Constansta. Gonnie 75,305 Design for Environment Research
Centrefor Design at Roya l Construcel 243 Group JJl
MelbourneInstituteof 'context' and other Paperback Designfor Sustainability Program
Technology JJl papers 288 JJl
Centrefor Environmental Conti, [ean-Rerni 165,3°5 Designfor the Environment
Assessment of Product and Continuously Regenerating Trap Multimedia Implementation
Material Systems 331 (CRT) 218 Project 331
Centrefor Environmental Strategy Continuum 288 DesignPreis Schweiz 332
JJ7 Conversation Chair 33 DesignSense 332
Centrefor Sustainable Co-op America's WoodWise Designed to a '1' Ltd 98. '77, J06.
Construction (CSC) JJ2 Directory JJ5 J15
Centrefor Sustainable Design 33' Coral 86 Designiticn 331,338
Centre for SustainableEnergy JJ6 CorbinMotors, Inc. '39,3'4 Designteam 160,245. J06
Centriboard 292 Core Plastics 265 DesignTex, Inc. 290,300,315
Centriforce Products . Plastic Corkran, Julius T, and Alan Harp Deuber, Christian g8,306
Recycling Ltd 292.294 , J14 204. J05 Deutsche BahnAG 216,J15
Centurion 222 Corkscrew/ Lamp 94 Deutsche Cesellschaft fur
Ceres tar USA,Inc. 282,314 Corn Card International, Inc. 283, Kunststoff-Recycling mb H JJ7
Certified ForestProducts Council J14 Deutsche Heraklith GmbH 284,
JJJ.JJ5 Correx Plastics 296,314 J15
Chadwick. Don. and Bill Stumpf Correx 296 DFE Research Group 336
see Herman Miller, Inc. Corrugated Packaging Association Dia ]2
Chalayan, Hussain 125,305 JJ8 Digital Mavica FD7JH 161
Champian, Brian 58, 305 CPM (Centrefor Environmental Ditzel, Nanna 44,3°6
Chanvrisol, Chanvrilaine 284 Assessment of Product and Diva (n) Paradox J7
Chapco® Safe-Set 299 Material Systems) JJl Dixon. Robert '49. J06
Charles Lawrence Recycling Ltd Cramer,Dan 59,305 Dixon,Tom 43,3°6
296, J14 Crane & Company 288.J14 DMD 25,42,60.76 ,9°,227. J15
Checkpoint 216 Cricket 17J Dolphin-Wilding, Julienne J9, 5J.
Checktag 216 Crisan, Adrian 254 J06
Chestof Drawers 60 CrissCross 241 DOM IN041JO
Chicago Adhesive Products Crowe Building Products 242,3'4 Domus Academy 104,243, 250,
Company 299, J14 CRT (Continuously Regenerating J06. J15
ChoiceDek 292 Trap) 218 Double-cup 176
Ciro Magic '50 CUADRO 25' Dougan,Brian 190,3°6
Citymobil C, 1J2 Cucina Duo 115 Dougherty, Brian 89. J06
ClassiCon 72,3'4 Cull-Uri Pack 211 Douglas-Miller, Edward 206. J06
Clearvision Lighting Ltd '95, J14 Culpepper. Michael 4'. J05 Dr Kohmei Halada's LCAand
Clerkin,Carl 25,94, J05 CurtisFine Papers Ltd 288,3'4 ecodesign links 336
Climatex@ 290 Curva 205 DrOola 200
Clips 94 Cutouts 188,314 Dranger, Jan (Dranger Design AB)
ClivusMultrum 2 Composter 263 da Silva. Ronaldo Edson 52. J05 46. J06
Clivus Multrum Canada/Kingsley Daedalus88 148 . Draught, The 52
 Index
Driade SpA (Aleph)'9.32, \'.3'\ EddyWorkstation 200 Excel NE 264 Frostex 293
~ Drinking Vessel 177 Ehlebracht AG 2'3.3'\ ExoFly TrapTM 271 FSC Forest Stewardship Council,
o Droog Design 2\. 42, 60. 74. 76. Eiermann, Prof. E 50 Exosect (X02 Ltd) 271 UK 333,33\
;0 . 90, ' 7 , '72, '76. 227. 306 EIUltimo Gnto 24. 30. 62. 77.83, Eye of the Peacock,The 102 FSCForest Stewardship Council,
~ '
Dryden Resea rchCenter 222, 223, 306 Faber, Oscar (Bill Dunster USA 333,33\
o 306 Electrically Power Assisted Steering Architects) 234 FS-Linie 202
C Duales System Deutschland AG - (EPAS) 218 FanWing 223 Fuel Catalyst 218
~ The Green Dot (Oer Gruner Electrolux, Electrolux Zanuss! 121, FanWing 223.3, 6 Furlmatic 1803 252
rJ: Punkt) 333 '\7. \ 9. 3' \ Farm 2000 'HI' Boilers 252 Furrows, Carnegie and Wintext
DumfriesPlastics Recycling ltd '
Electrotexliles Ltd 3°0.3'\ Fasal corner joint 81 fabric 290
294.3 Elex Tex' 300 Faswall 29\ Future \00. The 333
'\ Ltd/ DuPont. USA
DuPont (UK) ElfAtochem 287.3'6 Faswall® 240 G90 '3\
301.3 e-light 97 Federal Environment Agency 333 GMN GmbH 261,306
'\
DuraCane 278 Elster 179 Feilden CleggArchitects 233.306 GalleriStolen AB 38,3'7
Duralay 2\0,3'\ EMASEco-Management and Audit Feldmann & Schultchen '7', 183. Gallery 28
Duraplast 292 Scheme 333 187. 3' 6 Carde re, Adrien 106.306
Durawood 293 EMAS, EU 333 Felt 12 x 12 124 Gasser, Danny and MichaelHort,
Dure x Avant! 180 EnbiomassGroup, Inc. 285,316 Feo, Roberto 24. 62. 306 BenSheperd and Quisinh Tran
Durex 180,315 eNDOSeAL 270 Festo AG& Co, 224.2 38,3,6 123. 306
Dyes 204 . 3' \ Enercon E066 2\3 Fiam Italia SpA 4\ .3,6 Cebrnder Thonet GmbH 26. 3'7
Dyson Dual Cyclone range 118 EnergyEfficiency and Renewable Fiat Auto SpA/Fiat Auto UK 133. Gehry, Frank 0 49 . \3. 306
Dyson. James/ Dyson Appliances Energy Network (EREN) 336 137. 316 General Motors 134.135,1 41,216,
118.306,3 Energy Savings Trust 219 fillers/insulation 284-8\ 3
'\
E+Z Design 102,306 Energy Star Program 333 Filsol Ltd 2\3.3,6 '7
GeorgiaInstitute ofTechnology
Earth Chair 37,3'\ Enlund, Teo 20\.3°6 Filsol Solar Collector 2\3 204
Earth Chair® 37 EnPac 283.316 Findlay Industries 278,316 Gervasoni SpA 123,31]
EarthSquare' 246 EnPol 282 Findlay-Form® 278 GFX 2\4
Earthsleeper'''' 180 Ensemble Bio 199 FingermaxGbr 182,316 Ghost 4\
Easiboard and Easiwall 280 EnviroFil1 283 Fingermax 182 Giasullo, Gia (seeSteinberg, Erez,
Eastman Chemical Company 282, Environ'" 278 First Glow 295 and Gia Giasullo)
31\ Environment Conscious Design FishGuidance Systems 270,316 GibsonGuitars 165,31]
Ecke, Albrecht/Ecke: Design 232. and Manufacturing Lab Fish-lamp 88 Girand, Annand Brian Champian
241.306 (ECDM) 331 Fiskeby Board Ltd 288. 3' 6 \8 .3 0 7
Eco chair 40 Environmental Design Research FL\ Range 164 GiromachinesGmbH 150
EcoCharger 268 Association (EDRA) 332 Flamco 266.316 Glas Platz 10\, '60.3'7
Eco Panel (Buchner Design Environm ental Polymers Group pic Flamp 94 GlassKettle 116
Studio) 278 230.282.293,3,6 Fleetwood. Roy 232,306 Glass Sound 160
Eco Panel (Recycled Plastics. Inc.) Environmental Stone Products Fle xrcrm".. 278 Glass Toaster 116
292 29\.3 16 Flexipal 73 GlindowerZiegelei GmbH 24'. 3'7
Eco Solutions Ltd 299.3'\ Environmental Stone 295 Flexitec 217 Global EcolabellingNetwork
eco table/sideboard 66 EnviroSafe Products, Inc. 292,316 Flint Ink 289.316 (GEN) 333
EcoTimber International 281,3'5 Enviro$en$e 333 Flirt 88 Global Futures Foundation and
eco-ball ,81,3'\ Envirowise 336 Float Up VP 3\.316 The Future \00 333
eco-ball'" 181 EON 110 Flo-Pak Bio 8 283 Global Shortwave radio 162
Ecobasic '33 EPAS (Electrically Power Assisted FlowControl Water Conservation Gloria-Werke. H, Schulte-
EcoClear® 296 Steering) 218 26\.3 16 Frankenfeld GmbH & Co, 117.
EcoDesign Association 332 Episola 20\ Flower Pot Table \4 317
EcoDesignC@mpus 331 Epoch 293 Flying Carpet 44 GlueMate M 28]
Ecodesign Foundation 332 Epson Deutschland Gmb H 207. Fold 17\ gmp-Archttekten 216,3°7
EcoDesign Resource Society 332, 316 FoldingTable \8 Gomez Paz, Francisco 104
33\ EPSONStylus Scan 2000 207 Forbo-Naim Ltd 247.316 Good Design Award- Ecology
EcoDesign seeNaturalChoice, Eraser Chair 41 FordMotor Company 137,140, Design Prize 332
The ERF 219 273.316 Good Morning Miss Moneypenny
Eco-Flow 282 Eric 41 Fortunecookies (Jacob Jurgensen 83
Eco·Foam® 282 Erik KroghDesign 49. 306 Ravn) 124.3°6 Goods 169.189.3'7
Ecole cantonale d'art de Lausanne Erlus Baustoffwerke AG 241,316 Foster &Partners 221,253,3°6 Gossamer Albatross 148
'4\.3 Erosamat Type 1, iA, 2 270 FoxFibre® 290 Govaerts Recycling NV 293,3' 7
'\
Ecolo ,69 Ersgoldbacher Linea 241 Frandsen Lysk ilde AS 9\.316 Govaplast® 293
Ecologic, Inc, 228,315 Es shelving 64 FranmarChemical, Inc. 287,316 GP225 series 22]
Ecological Design Group, The 332 Escofet 1886SA 228.3,6 Fred 234 Grammer AG 198.317
Ecology Design Prize 332 Espmark. Erik 92. 306 FrederfctaFurniture A/S 28,44 , Gray and Adams 219
EcoMall 33\ E-tech 1\7 316 Grcic,Konstantin 64, 83, 1]8, 30]
EcoPLA 283: EcoPLA Business Ettenheim, George/Ettenheim Free-Flow Packaging International, Green &Carter 26],31]
Unit (see Cargill Dow Polymers) Design 66. 306 Inc. 283,3,6 GreenCotton@ 241
ecoplanjecornent 245 EU EnergyLabelSchemefThe Save Freeplay EnergyEurope Ltd 110, Green Dot, The 333
Ecoplast 29\ Programme 333 162.3 17 Green Field PaperCompany 288,
EcoPure 289 Euro comfort...with an edgelt'' Freeplay Flashlight 110 317
Ecos 298 129 Freeplay FPR2 162 GreenStationery Company, The
eco-shake® 240 European Design Centre 211,311 Freeplay5360 162 33\
EcoSpun® 300 European EnvironmentAgency Freudenberg Bausysteme, Asto GreenDisk 206
Ecostar, Inc. 242,315 336 GMbH (Divisionof GreenDisk 206.3'7
ECOSYS 208 European Foundation for the Fredeunberg Nonwovens LP) Greenwood CottonInsulation
Ecotone Ambiance Slimline 112 Improvement of Livingand 24\ .3 Products, Inc. 284,31]
Ecover factory, Oostmalle, Belgium Working Conditions 337 '7
Fritsch, Antoine 144.306 Gridcore Systems International
Project 238 Europol 29\.3'6 Fritz HansenA/S 199.204, 317 (GSI) 278.317: Cridcore'" 278
Ecover/Ecover Products NV 181, EVI ' 34 FrogDesign 18\ . 26\ . 306 Cnffiths. Jason 8\
238.3 1\ EVEC 217 FrontCorporation 56,31] Grone, Ralfand DallasGrove 16],
Ecover® 181 Evergreen 246 Frontal 81 3° 7

Ground Support Equipment (US)
'9 6. 3' 7
Group for Efficient Appliances
(GEA) 334
Grundig '5 " Colour TV '64
Grundig AG '64, 3'7
Grune Punkt. Der 333
Grunert. Pawel 52.307
Grupa Dizajnera (see Jurinec,
Ksenkja)
C utxe. Marti 94.307
H. Schulte-FrankenfeldGmbH &
Co. (see Gloria-Werke)
Haasa 215.3'7
Haberli, Alfredoand Christophe
Marchand ' 70. 307
Habitat 79.3'7
Hahn KunststoffeGmbH 293,3'7
Halada. Dr Kohmei 336
Hand (to Hold) 95
Hans Grohe GmbH & Co. KG
262.3'7
Harp. Alan (seeCorkran, JuliusT
and Alan Harp)
Harris Directory. The 335
Harwood Products 281 ,317
Hatto n. Pamela 55.'70, 307
H aworth, Inc. '97,198,200,317
Hawtal Whiting Environmental
2'7,3'7
Hellos 223
Helmut 107
Hemp Textiles International
Corporation (HTI) 290.3'7
Henne Kunststoffe GmbH 293,
3,8
Heraflax 284
Hereford &Worcester County
Council 237,307
Herman Miller, Inc. 196. '99, 305.
3,8
Hermann Miller Office
Environment 199
Hermann, Anette, Designer, MOD
95,3 07.3 09
Hermes 144,318
Hertz. David 58, 307
Herz 81
Hess Naturtexlilien, GmbH 126,
3, 8
Hessels, Paul 258
Heufler. Prof. Gerhard 271,307
Hock Vertriebs GmbH & Co. KG
284. 3,8
Hofmann. Alfred '99,307
Hola Hoop 63
Holloplas 293
Holzweg 286.3,8
Homasote Company 279.318
Home Strip 299
Honda '34. '36. 3,8
Hocgendljk. Martin 76, 307
HookeForest {Construction} Ltd
235.307
Hooke ParkTrainingCentreand
WestminsterLodge 235
Hoover Group 120,318
Hoover QuattroWhisperEasy
Logic modelAE230 120
Hooverwardrobe 66
Hope House 234
Hopton Technologies 287.3'8
Hose r, Christopher 160
How Slowthe Wind 29
Hulsta 'Muvado ' range 82
Hulsta-Werkej Huls GmbH & Co.
KG 82.3,8
Human Factors 175,3°7
Index
Hunton Fiber (UK) l td 249.3,8 Organization GmbH (IFCO) Kolhonen, Pasi 22
Hurum Fabrikker AS 288,3,8 212,3 18 Kontngs. Jan 60.3°8 .j:>
Husqvama /The Electrolux Group International Human Powered KopfAG 225,226.3'9 o
'57, '59, 3,8 Vehicle Associat ion 338 Korb & Korb 204. 308 ;0
Hut Ab 83 International Inst itute of Kotkas, Aki '76 .308 (])
Hutasoit. Renald i 21,307 III
Sustainable Development KPProducts 289.3'9
Hutten, Richard 77.307
o
(liSD) 333.117 KroghChair 49 C
Hybrid Bike' Fahrrad' '44 International Networkfor Kronospan AG 279.3'9: ~
Hypodown 284 Environment Management Kronospan® 279 (])
III
I Just Moved In 6, (INEM) 336 Kuckuck, Henner 22, 308
lain Sinclair Design 110,318 International Organization for Kucospan (Kunz) 279,3'9:
IBM IntelliStationE Pro 209 Standardization (ISO) 334 Kucospan Life 279
IBM Personal Systems Group lntratlarn'" 281 Kwakkel, Eric-Jan '76.308
Design/IBM Corporation 209, Inx Int ernational Ink Co. 289,318 K-XFaswall Corporation, K·X
307.3,8 ISO (International Organization Industries 240. 295, 3' 9
lBOI'" '43 for Standardization) 334 Kyocera Corporation 208, 261, 319
iChef 114 Isobord Enterprises 279.3,8: 48 SolarLantern 111
lchi, Yoshihiro 208,307 Isobord 279 LaChanvriere de l'Aube (lDCA
ICI Americas 296.3,8 ItalianEnergy Authority 229 materiaux] 284,319
ICVS (IntelligentCommunity Italic 67 LaVie Prolongee 131
VehicleSystem) '36 Ito, Setsu/Studio I.T.O. Design 56. Laing .Patrick '75.308
IDEOJapan 307 307 lakeland Paints 298. 3' 9
IDEO Product Development 111, [VAM Environmental Research 331 lampholder 2000 pic '01.106 .
209. 307 Jacobs. Camille '70.307 112,3 19
lORA (International Design Jade Mountain 268, 335 Lampholder 2000 112
Resource Awards) 332 Jakobsen, Hans Sandgren 28, 204, Landmark Design 23°,3°8
iF (lndustrieForumDesign 3°7 lap Desk '97
Hannover) 332 JamDesign & Communications laybond Products Ltd 299,3'9
IFCO Returnable TransitPackaging ltd 55.63, 80, 307 laybond Quickstock Green 299
2'2 Jerome. Mike ,63.307 Leahy WolfCompany 287.3'9
IFCO see International Food Jiffy PackagingCompany ltd 2'4. Leapt" Seating 201
Container Organization 3,8 Led anche 111,319
IfoCera range 264 Jiffy® 2'4 l ED ,oo·T E '95
He Sanitar AB 264,3 ,8 John Makepeace and others (see lED® Decorl ED 113
Iform ABjlnredningsform 34. 40, Hooke Forest Ltd) ledge 57
3,8 johnsonCorrugated Products 282, Ledtronics 113,319
ijs designers 50, 307 3,8 leg Over 49
IKEA a.i.r. 46 Johnson Matthey 2,8.3,8 Leggero Twist 153
IKEA of Sweden 65,3,8 [onger ius. HellalJongeriuslab 34, LesAteliersdu Nord/Antoine
Impression 29 '7 2.307 Cahen 111 ,308
Independence Technology 143, Josef Meeth FensterfabrikGmbH Levi Strauss, Inc. 127,319
3°7 & Co. KG 294.3,8 Levis Engineered Jeans 127
INDEPENDENCE'" 3000 '43 juiceCartons 182 lew San Ltd 272.3'9
Index Jump Stuff.Jump Stuff II '98 Lewis, David 122,3°8
Induced EnergyLtd "4,3,8 Junghans Uhren GmbH ,85.3,8 Lewis, Stan(see Sandham, John
Industrie Forum Design Hannover jurinec,Ksenkja/Grupa Dizajnera and StanLewis)
(iF) 332 59,95.3 07 Lexon Design Concepts 163,319
Industry Council for Electronic Kafus Environmental liebe, Thomas/AdRem Design
Recycling (ICER) 337 lndust ries/ Kafus Bio-
inks 289 ' 79
Composites 278,3,8 Life-Cycle Links by Thomas Gloria
Inner Tube Ltd 13', 3,8 Kango ,83
Inner Tube,The 131 336
Kant, Judith 70,3°7 LifeCycie 292
Innetak 298 Karcher 670 M 117
Inredningsform (see tform ufecycle' yarn 290
Karisma 205 LightColumns. '995 '03
ABjlnredningsform) Karpf, Peter 34. 40. 308
LightCorporation 111,319
Insight '34 Kartell SpA 6, .62 .3,8
lnstitut de la Duree 338 LightWall2 96
Kartono, Singh S ,63,308 LightWorks (CharliePaton) 236
Institutefor Engineering Design - Kaststoel 73
Austrian Ecodesign Information Ligne Roset SA 106,3'9
Katayanagi, Tornu 45,3°8 Lignasil® 279
Point 331 Kautzky Mechanik 202,319
Institute for loca l Self Reliance 335 LignocelSA 279,3'9
Kayak '56 linodur 249
Institutefor Sustainable Design KayserbergPackaging SA 2'0.3'9
linorette 249
33' Keirn M ineralPaints 298,319 1I N PAC Environmental kerbside
Institute of Packaging. The 338 Keirn Paints 298
insulation 284-85 collection box 174
Kendo Stitz 202
Insulholz-Beton International,Inc. lINPAC Environmental '74.3'9
Kerr, Bernard and Pejack Campbell
295.3,8 liquefied NaturalGas-Powered
(seeBernard Kerr and Pejack
Intelligent CommunityVehicle Vehicle 219
Campbell)
System (ICVS) '36 little Beaver 49
KF N Kaufmann Produkt GmbH living Tree PaperCompany 289,
lnterduct/Clean Technology 234,235.308,3'9,320
Institute (CTI) 33' Kids Furniture 48 3'9
Interface, lnc.ylnterface Europe- livos Pflanzenchem!e 286,319
Kieboom, Nickie 278,308
Asia Pacific 246.248.301.3,8 Livos 286
Killaars, Remko '58.3°8 lloyd loom of Spalding 36,3'9
Interfold 96.3,8 Kloberltd 285.3'9
InterformDesign 220,307 LockClad Terracotta Rainscreen
Klug, Ubald 65.82.308
International Design Resource Knotted Chair 48 24'
Awards (IDRA) 332 logamax plus GB112"9 (Linea)
Kokon 74
InternationalFoodContainer Kolaps-n-Tank 267 255
 Index
LaganaC124 255
~ Looker, Philip 29, J08
o Loop 91
:::0 Lovegrove, Ross 19.108.199.308
a: Lovell, Mark (Bill Dunster
o Architects) 2J4
~ Low Living 75
n LRC Products 18o, J1 9
a: LSK Industries Pty Ltd 212,J19
LSRGmbH Recycli ng·Zentrum
294, J20
Luceplan SpA 108, J20
Lumalight Lamp 96
Lumalux® 231
Lumatech Corporation 195.320
LUM INO Licht Elecktronik GmbH
220.320
Macchioni,S ergio/SMAC 88, 186,
J08
Madera® 247
Mader6n 279
Maggi JO
Maier-Aichen, Hansjerg 18g.308
Majestic Slate 242
Makepeace, Joh n, and others (see
Hooke Forest Ltd)
Malvinas 1}0
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge B & W Diesel
AG 219, J20
MAP (Merchants of Australia
Products) Pty Ltd 56, 57, 292,
J20
Marchand, Christophe (see
Haber!i, Alfredo and Christophe
Marchand)
Marczynski, Mike 216,308
Mari, Enzo 32,169.308
Marilyn.I Can SeeYour Knickers
JO
Marinho, Reginaldo 24J, J08
Marks & Spencer 219
Marlec Engineering Co. Ltd 251,
2 52 , 320
Marmoleum@ Real/Fresco 247
Marmorette 249
Marriott , Michael 5J, J08
Martin, Guy JJ, J08
MasoniteCorporation/Masonite
CP 279, 28o, J20
Massachusetts Instituteof
Technology '48 , J20
Mater-Bi 283
Material Connexion 335
MatrixComposites, Inc. 247,279.
J20
Max Fordham & Partners 233
MAZIN 283
McCrady, Paul '48, J08
McDermott, Ruth 86, J08
McDonagh, Julie l Jl , J08
McDonoughBraungart Design
Chemistry, LLC 290, J08
MDD 96, J20
Meadowood Industries. Inc.
279, J20
Meadowood panels and
sheeting 279
Medite ZF 279
Mega 1 185
Mega Solar 185
Mehabit 284
Meller Marcovicz, Gioia 72.79.
J08
Meta Morf, Inc . 21, J6, 48, 108,
'SS' J20
Metabolix, Inc. 28J, J20
Metpost Ltd '58, J20
Metronomis 231
Metropolitan Express Train GmbH
see Deutsche Bahn AG
Metropolitan Express Train 216
MGSL GmbH 294, J20
MichaelKaufmann Zimme rei see
KFN Kaufmann Produkt GmbH
Micro Thermal Systems 300,3 20
MicroBore 159
Microclimate 116
Microll am® 244,281
Miles, J R 7J, J08
Milk-bottle Light 90
MillenniumWhole Earth Catalog
JJ5
Milliken & Co. 246, J20
Mimid 271
Mind the Gap 77
Mini Desk Lamp 98
Min-Lynx Ambience 11 2
Minolta, Japan 208, 320
Mirandolina 31
Miss Ceiling Light 90
Miss Ramirez 24
Mister Sunnyboy 265
Miyashita. Shin 161 . 308
Model 290F chair 26
Model 4070 furniture 201
Modena 245
Moerel. Marre 23,87, 100,178,
J08
Moinat, Christophe ; 45, J08
MoistureShield 292
Molls]o, Carina 29' , J08
Monodraught Ltd 242, J20
Monotub Industries 119,320
MoonlightAussenleuchten GmbH
107,3 20
Moonlight M FL 107
Moore, Isabelle J9, J09
Moormann Mabel Produktions-
und Handels GmbH 64, J20,
J21
Moormann, Nils Holger
(Moormann Mobel) 83, J21
Mooving Image 55
Morphy One project 168
Morris, Steve (seeThorp, Ian and
Steve Morris)
Morrison, Jasper J5, 5', 54, 59,J09
MrToyozo (seeToyozo, Mr)
MSKCorporation 258.320
MUJlAIR sofas 46
Mult fboard Kraft, Offset, Ecofrost
288
Multibridwind energyconverter
256
Multipla, Multipla Hybrid Power
lJ6
Mullisync® LT 140 209
MusclePowertoothbrush 184
MusclePower, MOY 184,320
'Muvado'range 82
N2 66,76,98, J09
N.C.F.R. Homasote® 278
N Fornitore 157.321
NASA 222, 22J, J09
NationalAssociation of Paper
Merchants (NAPM) JJ4, JJ8
NationalCentre for Business and
Sustainability JJJ
NationalCouncils for Sustainable
Development 337
National Recycling Forum 335,
JJ7
NationalStarch & Chemical
Company 282, 320
Nativa Rubber 285
Natura 198
Natural Choice, The (EcoDesign)
286, J15, J20
Natural Collection JJ5
NaturalCottonColours. Inc. 2g0,
J20
Natural Fibers Corporation 284.
J20
Natura! Gourd Packaging 211
Nature Technology Symbiosis 74
Nature'sChoiceTrellisRange 158
Naur, Mikala 88, J09
Navigator series 228
N ECDeutschland GmbH 209, J21
N ECAR 4 142
Nervo, Paulo 7J, J09
Netlon Group, The 272, J21
New LeafPaper 288,321
New Nomads 127
New Uses Council JJ5
News Design DfE AB 46, J21
Nexus Cycle 145
NH oOl 296
Niemeir,Tim 156, 309 .
Nifty Palmtop Users Group/ Nifty
Hewlett Packard PCuserforum
168,J09
Nighteye GmbH 'SS' J21
NIGHTEYE® '55
Nijland, Paul 57,J09
Nils Holger Moormann Mobe l
Produktion s- und Handels
GmbH see MoormannMobel
Nimbus 231
Nisso Engineering Co Ltd (NSEI
110,321
Nomad 78
Non-Stop Doors (NSD) 255
Non-Stop Shoes (NSS) 254
Nordsjo seeAkzoNobel
Dekorativ
Ncr elj Unisource 283.321
North Wood Plast ics, Inc. 29J,
J21
Northern Fleet Chandelier 91
NovaCruz Products LLC 150,
J21
Nova Form/Kautzky Mechanik
202, 321
NovamontSpA 283.321
Novon International 283.321;
Novon® 28J
Novotex A/S 29' , J21
NSD [Non-Stop Doors) 255
NSS (Non-Stop Shoes) 254
Nuna Corporation 291,300,32 1
Nutshell Natural Paints 286, J21
Nutshell® 286
NuvoMedia, Inc. 167,321
02 Network JJ2
Oak Product Design 172,309
Oasischairs 19
Obinjo 98
Ocean Kayak '56, J21
Ohlsson, Daniel 129, J09
0hre, [anne 96, J09
Oko-Lavarnat86720"" 119
Old Fashioned Milk Paint
Company 286, J21
OptareInternational 221, 321
Orange 27J,J21
ORBITA Film GmbH 296, J21
Origami Zaisu 31
Orso Design (Marc De Jonghe)
266
Orso Rain Collector 266
OS Color 286
Oslapas. Arunas 190.309
Osram Sylvania 231 .321
Ostermann & Schefwe 287, 321
Osterreichische Heraklith AG 284,
J21
OTO chair J4
Otterskin 300
Oxfarn/Core Plastics 265, J09
'Oxfam bucket' 265
Oxo International 175. 310, 321
OZ 2J 121
P2000 HFC Prodigy lJ7
P T SudimarEnergi Surya 258,321
P. Schi ebel Elektronische Cerate
AG 27' , J21
P.C.D. Maltron Ltd 207, J22
PHA 28J
PLA 28J
Pacific Beard" 280
PacificGold Board 280
Pacific Northwest Fiber 280,321
Padr6s, Emili 254, 255, J09
PagePr08 208
paints/ varnishes 286.87,2 98' 99
Pallecon 3 Autoflow 212
Palluco Italia SpA 98, J21
PaloAlto Products International
167, J09
Pan European Forest Certification
(PEFC) JJ4, JJ5
Papa-Papel 52,J22
Paperback papers 288
Paperback 289, J22
papers 288·89
Papertex 247
Papier Teppich 248
Paradigma CPCStar 256
Parallam® 244
Partek Insulations, Inc. 294,3 22
Partek 294
Partner Electric 220
Patagonia 154, 322
Paton, Charlie 2J6, J09
Payne, Terry 242
Pedal Lawnmower 159
Pellone. Giovanniand Means,
Bridget/ Benza, Inc. 185, J09
Pendlewood 228, J22
Pesavento, Luciano and Roberto
Pezzetta 121,309
Pet PodT'" 187
Peugeot/Peugeot Motor Co pic
220,3 2 2
Pharos Floor Lamp 99
Phenix Biocomposites, LLC 278,
J22
Philips Corporate Design 11 5, 127.
128, 160,1 64, 166, '95, 2Jl , J09
Philips Ecotone Ambiance "3
Philips Electronics NV 11 5, 116.
160, 16J,164, 166, '95, 2Jl, J22
Philips Lighting BV 112, "J, J09
Philips, Stephen/Stephen Philips
Design 92, J09
PhoenixThermos 186
Pickup,The 149
Picto 202
Pierce International, Inc. 280.3 22
Pillet, Christopher '9, J09
Pin Up Clock 185
Pinnacle Technology, Inc. (PTI)
296, J22
Pinturas Proa 298, 322
Plaky 56
Planet DC 121
Planet 121,322
PlanexGmbH 294, J22
Plant Polymer Technologies, Inc.
284, J22
plastic profiles 29J'94

Plastics fth Industry Ltd 29, J22
Plaswood 294
Play It Again Sam JOo
Plug It 62
Plumbers' Cart 152
Plush Tap 265
Ply Chair J5
Plyboo J5
PLYBOO® 248
P0/9902C·D 100
P0 98 l0 /lOC, " /"c' 12/12C 99
Pod Floating Lounger '55
Pod Lens 108
POLTI Ecologico AS810 117
Polti SpA 117,118, J22
POLTIVaporetto 2400 118
Polvara, Giulio 62, J09
Polyana® 420 27J
Poly-Beek-Kunststoff-Handels-
GmbH 294, J22
polymers 296'97
Polyp 86
Polyvalpic 282, J22
Porcelain Stool, The J4
Porous Pipe Ltd '59, J22
Porsche, FA 208, J09
PostIt Lamp 101
Potmolen Paints 287, 322
Pouffe (by Erik Bakker) 75
Pouffe (by Isabell Moore) J9
PowabykeLtd ' 5' , J22
Powabyke range 151
POWER Cell 257
Powe rglass® 105
PowerMakers PlusLtd 218,322
Prairie Forest Products 280, 322
PReConsultants BV JJ7
Premsela & Vonk 214,J09
Presswood Pallet 213
Preta Porter 125, 3° 9
Priestman, Paul 123,309
Pnmeboard. Inc. 281,322
Prins DokkumBV 218, 309. 322
Prius 138
Product 2000 lt d 295. 322
Product-LifeInstitute, The JJ8
Produkt Entwicklung Roericht 202,
J09
PROFORM Design '55, J09
Propadex 297
Proterra BV JJ5
Puotila, Ritva 247.309
Pureprint 2]1
PURUS KunststoflWerke GmbH
294, J22
q-bac 42
Quentin 87
RH Sustainable Design 104,3°9
RA 226
RA82 225
Radius Gmb H 89, J22
Ragchair 42
Rattan bicycle 147
Rayotecltd 260, J22
RCP2 4J
RealGoods JJ5
RECOUP JJ7
Recycled Plastics , Inc. 292, 323
Recydur® 294
Red Bank Manufacturing Company
24 J2J
Reed ',Corrugated Cases 215, 323
Reedy. Colin 21, J6, 48, J09
REEEl 77.176, J2J
Rein '58, J2J
Remarkable Pencils Ltd 206, J2J
Remarkable Recycled Pencil 206
Remy, Tejo 42,60.90, J09
Index
Re-NewWood 240, 323 Scholler Textil JOo, J2J SolarMoon Portable Renewable
Renewable Energy Policy Program Schraag 57 EnergyUnit 258 -l>-
(REPP) JJ6 Sch reuder, Hans 184,310 Solar Mower 159
Re- Reluma GmbH 294. J2J Scimat 700/Jo and 700/J5 268 SolarOffice, Duxford International
o
;:0
Resincore 280 SciMAT l td 268, J2J Business Park 236 t'D
ReSy GmbH JJ4 Scottish EcoDesignAssociation Solar Powered Service Station Vl
Retail Place lt d 7J. J2J (SEDA) 332 Canopy 259
o
C
Retreeve 288
Re-vislon' v printing paper 289
Sculptures-Jeux 94, J2J
sdb Industries bv 66,76, J2J
Solar Shingle-SHR" 7, The 258
Solar Solutions (UK)ltd 2Jl,324
n
t'D
Vl
Rexarn 213,323 Seawater Greenhouse,The 236 Sotans" Lantern 111
Rexite SpA 17J, J2J Seiko Epson Corpora tion 207,310 Solarshuttle 66 (Helio) and RA82
Rexpak'" 213 Sensa Tlo! Pen 206 225
Reykjavik 248 Sensor Sportswear 128 Solo 221
RIBASustainability Award 2000 Sensor Systems Watchman 217, Solvay Plastiques SA 282, J24
JJJ J2J Sony Corporation Design Center
RibeiroBandeira de vienna . SETAC (Society of Environmental 161, J24
Manuel 104 Toxicology and Chemistry), USA Sony nat-screen coffee table 55
nese und mullerGmbH 145,323 JJ6 Southampton Innovations Ltd
Rilsan 287 SETAC, A'ia/PaCifi c JJ6 27J, JlO, J24
Ritter Energie-und Urnwelttechnik SETAC, Europe JJ6 Soy Clean 287
GmbH & Co. KG 256, J2J Seymour Powell ltd '45, JlO Soy Environmental Products, Inc.
Robert Cullen & Sons l td 211 , J2J SheffieldUniversity 269 287, 324
Robostacker 63 Shelf System 69 Sparrow 139
ROCKET eBOOK 167 Shell 65 Spiga 82
Rocky Mountain Institute 338 Shetka, Stanley 46, JlO; Spinchairs 19
Rodman Industries 280,323 ShetkaBoard 280 Spiralbaum 171
Rogers, Mark 184. JlO Shiotani, Yasushi 161 ,310 Sponge Vase 171
Rohner Textil AG 290, J2J Showa Highpolymer Co. 296, 324 Spores 86 .
Roland Plastics. Strida ltd ' 46, Shumacher, Sheri 69. JlO Spring J8
J2J Silencio 6 249 Sprocket 21
Rollerbag 187 Simmons,Roland 96,310 SRAM 9.0 sl '52
Rolls Royce 224, J2J Simplex Products 280, J24 SRAMCorporation 1S2, 324
Ron Ink Company 289. J2J Simplicitas 20S, 324 Staber Industries, Inc. 120,324
Rondo 117 SINE seat 229 Staber System 2000 121
Rothlisberger Sch relnerei AG 65, Single-handed Keyboard 207 Stachowi cz, Wojtek 101 , 310
82, J2J Skoot International Ltd 15°,324 Stairmate 272
RotterdamAcademy of Skoot '50 Starch Tech, Inc. 284. J24
Architecture &Urban Planning Skystreme 729 model 156 Starck, Philippe 20,51 , 61, 20 0,
211 Skystreme UKlt d '56, J24 262, JlO
Royal Institute of British Architects SU li ghting lt d 112, J24 Stark, Herbert Dr, Kopf AG 225.
JJ2 SlickSlick 20 JlO
Royal MelbourneInstitute of Slough Rubber Company l td '5J, Startup, JasperlStartup Design 69,
Technology JJl J24 90,99, 12J, Jl0
Ruano, Maria 172 , 3 10 SL-Torch 111 Staton, John M 109, JlO
Rutland 913Windcharger 251 SMAC 186, J08 Steelcase, Inc. 201, 324
5 Chair 4J Smart Car 139 Steinberg, Erez and Cia
Sadler, Marc 250,310 Smart Deck 250 Giasulio/Studio eg 20J, JlO
Safe Tap 266 Smart Design seeOXQ Steinmann, Peter, and Herbert
Safeglass (Europe) lt d 295, J2J International Schmid 85, JlO
Safeglass 295 SmartDeck Systems 250, 324 Sten 65
Sailbuoy Canvas 102 SmartWood les Paul 165 STEP 204
Sait 56 SmartWood® Program JJ4, JJ5 Stichting Art Depot 10J. Jl0
Saitek Industries Ltd 268,323 Smith & Fong Company 248, J24 Sto kbo rd " 292
Salvo JJ5 Smith Anderson & Co. ltd 289, Stomatex 300
Sams Design 21S, 310 J 24 sTRAKA ' PORTs '50, J24
Sanders, Mark 146,310 Smith. Janice 47. Jl0 Stramit 280, 324
Sandham, John and Stan Lewis Snow 22,3 24 Strandwood Molding, Inc. 280,
272, 310 Society for Responsible Design J24
Sanford UK 205, J2J (SRD) JJ2 Stratica 249
SantoRoy 9' , JlO Society of Environmental Street light F 2J2
Santoprene® 297 Toxicology and Chemistry Strida 2 146
Savaplug 268 (SETAC) JJ6 Studio Brown (seeBrown, Julian)
Sava tree 288 Society of the Promotion of Life- Studio eg (Steinberg, Erez, and
SAVAWatt (UK ) ltd 268, J2J CycleAssessment (SPOLD) Giasullo, Gia) 20J, J24
Save A Cup Recycling Compan y JJ6 Stul, SE 68. 1998 50
206 . J2J Sofanco 228 Stumpf, Bill. and Don Chadwick
Save A Cup 206 Soft Box 100 (see Herman Miller, Inc.)
Save Programme , The JJJ Soh Fan 12J Styradex Plastics Recycling 297,
Save Wood Products ltd 29J, J2J Soft Vase, The 172 J2 4
Savvy 166 Soil Association 334 Styradex 297
SCHAFER ECO KEG 214 Solar Bud 108 Sugasawa, Mitsumasa 31,310
Schafer WerkeGmbH 214, J2J Solar Century Holdings ltd 260, Sun Catcher 261
Schauman Wood Oy 280. J2J; Jl0, J24 Sundeala Medium Board Screen
Schauman Wisa® 280 Solar Cooker 115 202
Schmid, Herbert (see Steinmann, Solar Cookers International 115, Sundeala 285
Peter and Herbert Schmid) J 24 Sun-Mar Corporation 264, 324
Schneider, Wulf, Prof.and Partners Solar Electric Vehicle 221 SunPipe 242
26, Jl0 Solar Homes Systems 2S8 Sunways Gesellschaft fur
 Index
Solartechnik mbH 257.324
~ Super Duralay 250
o Supercool AB , 22. 324
;:;:0 Supercool'" box 12 2
~ Supercool' 122
o Supine Work Station 204
<:: Suppanen. llkka 22.44.3'0
n SU·SI 235
~ Sustainability Source?", Inc., USA
335
Sustainabihty Web Ring 338
Sustana® leather 28S
Sutton Vane Associates 109, 324
Swabtan ROWA 284
Sycamore Fan 123
Sylvania Design Team/Sylvania
ligh ting International 112,214,
310
Sylvania 214
Synchilla® Snap T® '54
Syndecrete® 295
Syndesis, Inc. 58.295, )24
THL Iron Woods® 281
Table 0.85 x t.aom 57
Table Chair 77
Table Lamp 77
Table c e-u 59
Table-into-Chest-o f-Drawers ]1
Tam, Roy 32.54,310
Tank Signal System 217
Teams Design 117,310
Tectan 201, 292,324
Tedlar" laminate 259
Teisen Products Ltd 252,324
Teknos Tranemo AS 298, 325
Tellus Institute 338
TENCEL®fashion garments 125
TENCEL® 241
Tendo Co. Ltd 3'. 325
Tensar® range 2]2
Teppich-Art-Team 248.310
Terra Grass Armchair 157
Terratex 301
Terrazo Felt'Colour Chips' 291
Terraza® Felt 'N uno' 291
Tetrapak Lld/Tetrapak, Germany
292,3 25
Textile Environment Network
(TEN) 337
Textile Recycling Association (TRA)
337
textiles 290-91, 300-01
TH!NKCity 140
TH!NKNordic AS/ THINK
Mobility ' 40, 325
Thallemer,Axel/Festa Corporate
Design 224
Therma-Float Ltd 301.325
Therma-Pore.Therrna-Hoat,
Therrna-Foit 301
Thermo·Hanf® 284
Thermomax@ 260
Thermo-ply 280
Thinking Man's Chair 51
Thoma s. Deborah 9' . 3' °
Thorp. Ian, and Steve Morris 153,
3' °
Thorpe, Clarkson and Steve
Beukema seeHaworth, Inc.
Three and One-Half M inutes 80
Thun, Matteo 243,310
Tflder. Henk 233. 310
Timber Holdings Ltd 281.3 25
timbers, specialist 281
Timberstrand@ 244;
Timberstrand® LSL 28,
Titan Design Studio 191,310
Titan 119
Titshirt 128
TKO Design 119
TN O Institute of Industrial
Technology 337
Tolstrup. Nina 175,310
Tonwerk Lausen AG 261,325
Top Box 214
Topen, Paul 98.310
Topelino 261
Toy Chair 51
Toyota (GB) plcfToyota Motor
Corporation 138,325
Toyozo, Mr (Nifty Palmtop Users
Group) 168
Trachsel, Sonja 131,310
Trannon Furniture lt d 32,54,325
Transform Plastics ltd 294,325
TransitChair 27
Traveller 187.325
Tree Masts 273
Treetrunk Bench 227
Trent 700 224
Trevira GmbH & Co. KG 301,3 25
Trevira NSKjTrevira CS 301
Triax 141
Trinidad No. 3298 44
TRISIT2000 272
Tnsit Textiltechnologie
GmbHfTrisit Design 272,325
Trojan Battery Company 268.325
Trojan L-1 6 268
Trubridge, David 23. 311
Trusjcist MacMillan (TJM) 244.
281,3 25
TRW luc as VarityElectrical
Steering 218,325
Tsola 109
Tube 98
Tucan 232
Turris 69
Tykho ' 63
Tyvek 30'
u-sox 189
Umweltbundesamt 333
Underwood 250
UNHCRshelter 237
Uni Walton 249
UnicorCorporation 292, 325
Unicor 292
Uni-Solar 258.260,325
United Nations Environment
Programme 336
United Nations Sustainable
Development 338
Universal Master Products 270,
325
Universal Pulp Packaging 87, 325
Universityof Technology. Delft
21],220,3 11
University of Eindhoven (Building
InitiativeEnvironmental
Standards) 238,3"
University of Southampton 273
UrethaneSoy SystemsCompany
(USSC) 297. 325
US Environmental Protection
Agency 336
US EPA EnergyStar Office
Equipment 334
US Green Building Council 332
Uwe Braun GmbH 232.325
vaccan Ltd 180. 187.325
Valvestem Candlestick 104
van de Voorde, Patrick 113,311
van Koten. Ham id (see VK & C
Partnership)
van Maanen, Martiijn 2] , 311
van Severen, Marlin 57,311
Vanguard Ecoblend'... 289
VarioPacDisc Systems GmbH
213, 3" . 325
Vario·Pac@ 213
Varity Perkins 219
Varney, James 47,3 11
varta Batteries AG/Varta AG 269.
325
Vauxhall Motors Ltd/General
Motors '35.325
Velcro 301,325
Velcro® 30'
Veloland Schweiz ' 56, 3", 325
Veloland '5 6
Velthuizen, A J 211,311
Venetian blinds 243
Vestfrost A/S 122,325
Vestfrost BK350 122
Vetropack ' 79,326
vink. Frits. Ing. 98.311
Viper 204
Virtual Daylight' " Systems 195
Vision Paper 289,326
vts ton'v printing paper 289
Vitra (Internatio nal) AG 35,49, 53.
200, 237.326
Viva 104
VK & C Partnership (Ian Cardnuff
and Hamid van Koren) 87,229,
3".3 26
V-Mail Camera 160
Vogelzang, Marije 128,3 11
Volkswagen AG/Volkswagen (UK)
141, 326
Vorwerk & Co, Teppichwerke
GmbH & Co. KG 245.326
Vuarnesson, Bernard 94. 311
VulcanRam 26]
VW Lupo 3LTDI 141
'W' High Efficiency Motor 269
Wagga-Wagga 170
Wagner & Co. Solartechnik GmbH
266,326
Wall Bracket 106
Wall, R S 211
Walpole,loi s 182,311
Wanders Wonders BV 1]1,326
Wanders. Marcel 48,78.99.17' .
176, 311
Wannet, Edwin 74,3 11
Warren, William 175,311
Waste Watch and National
Recycl ing Forum 335. 337
Water Tech Industries 263.326
WaterFilm Energy 254, 326
Waterless UKLtd 267, 326
Waterles s Urinal System 267
Wave 76
Wegtauchen 76
Well Design Associates 266,311
Wellman PET Resins
Europe/Wellman, Inc. 296.
300 .3 26
Weobley Schools Sustainable
Development 23]
Werth Forsttechnik 1]1. 326
We".lit AG + Co. 213. 326
Westminster l odge and Hooke
Park TrainingCentre 235
Wettstein. Robert A 22,41 ,81,179,
3" .3 26
Wharington International Pty ltd
56, 292,32 6
Wheatboard t ... 280
Whirlpool 63. 326
Wiegand, lore nz 67,311
Wiesendanger, K6bi 61,311
Wiggleseries chairs 53
WiggyWigglers '58,326
Wilde & Spieth GmbH & Co. 50.
326
Wilkhahn + Hahne GmbH & Co.
202, 326
Willamette Europe Ltd 280.326
wtllat, Boyd/ Willat Writing
Instruments 206,311,326
Williamson, Damian 23,311
WillowBank. The 281.326
Wilson, Neil 101,311
Wind 123
Windcheetah 146
Wintext fabric 290
Wire Frame Reversible Bench 78
'Wissel' Horse Saddle. The '54
WKR Altkunststoffproduktions-
und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH
294.3 26
Wood-Com 293
Woodnotes Oy 247,326
Woolbloc 284
World Business Council for
SustainableDevelopment 333
World Resources Institute 338
Worms @ Work (see Wiggly
Wigglers)
Wuppertal lnstitute 338
Wurz, Gerard 202,311
ww.modcons (Warren, William)
326
Xenlum' v 939 Dual Band 166
XeroxCorporation/ Xerox (UK) Ltd
208. 326
Xerox@ Document Centre 470 and
460® series 208
X-In Balanceworkplace screen
202
X K Series 195
'XU ' KitChair 53
XO 20, 326
X02 Ltd (Trading as Exosect) 27',
326
XootrCruz 150
Yamanaka , Kazuhiro 29,311
Yemm & Hart Ltd 293.294 .326
YKK Architectural Products, Inc.
232,3 26
Yurkievich, Gaspard 125,311
Zago' 174
Zanotta SpA 3' , 326
Zanussi Industrial DesignCentre
(see Electrolux Zanussi)
Zbryk. Burges 103.3"
Zillig, Michel '52.3"
Zimmerei Michael Kaufmann 234,
235
Zorg 52
Zumbuhl, Hugo, and Peter
BirsfelderfTeppich-Art-Tearn
248