Oct 22

Section 31-32: learning language as: this is a cup is similar to learning chess—this is a king.
- But sentences like—this is the king—would only be helpful if you understand the game
itself. Only someone who learned chess but never seen the pieces before.
- The original picture is like you already have a language and translate one element to
another element.
o We assume two language are similar.
o The name-tag learning of language only makes sense only if we assume general
linguistic ability.
 It is like you and your friend both know chess. But you have no piece. So
you use different objects to represent pieces. When you say—this is a
king, you are not learning anything new.
 This is not learning language.
 Learning about words is not about learning language. Language is
more than that.
Meaning through meaning:
- Anti-theoretical impulse
o Not to find deep meaning behind them.
o Are we trying to find something pull them all together?
- What it is to mean what you say?
o Slab = bring me the slab
- Did you mean that?
o There need not to be an act of meaning lying behind meaningful speech.
- What you say vs what you mean only happens in special cases like misheard or
surprising. Only then speaker meaning vs linguistic meaning is useful.
- Intentional actions vs trying:
o Suppose an action is effort (trying) and behaviour:
 But does effort necessary?
 It seems that this two distinction is only important when it is needed.
Force maker
- Any pictures can be interpreted different way. Anything can be multiply interpreted.
o If pictures are doing the major work, but the same picture can mean different
things. If you add a force marker, you are just adding an elements in the picture.
This marker itself can be interpreted differently.
Meter
- Context: Elements in the old philosophy, objects cannot be destroyed.
o They are fundamental.
  But the standard meter, color can always be destroyed. It will just not
become our game.
 There is no such strange objects where cannot even say they exist
Discussion 19
Around 25 min mark, learning language against Rism. Are we translating? Or lean how to use
words, we are learning how to do something.