Conjunctions/ Discourse Markers
Adding information
The city holds many high-quality F_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
cultural events.
+ sentence (formal)
I can’t afford a holiday.
+ sentence (informal)
In addition to / Besides
A_ _ _ _ from
Since / As / Because/ Seeing that
+ subject + verb
The project was rejected
O_ _ _ _ to
Because of/ _ _ _ to
On a_ _ _ _ _ _ of
Sales fell
There was thick fog,
It was
Although/ Even though/
Though/Even if
N_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (formal)
In spite of the fact that/ Despite the
fact that
+ subject + verb
In spite of / Despite
+ noun/pronoun/gerund/the fact
that
No matter/ Whatever
The business lost money.
However
+ adjective/adverb + subject + may
On the one hand,
+ subject + verb (two sentences)
the vast majority of
M_ _ _ _ _ _ _, them are free.
In addition, / What’s more
B_ _ _ _ _ _, I’m too busy to travel
Anyway, /In any case, On top now.
of that
the art museum, there are as well as small
several galleries exhibitions by local
artists.
Showing cause of reason
it is snowing heavily, flights
have been cancelled.
on the ground that it exceeded the budget.
the strike, all trains have been
cancelled.
as a result of the price increase.
So/ Therefore/ H_ _ _ _ outgoing flights were
Thus/ As a result / delayed.
Consequently/ in
consequence
+ subject + verb
so moving a speech that it will remain in my
so + adjective + a + noun + memory forever.
that + sentence (formal)
Concession and contrast
he is inexperienced, he does a
good job.
having little talent, he
manages to sell his paintings.
what you decide, please
inform us.
However,/ Nonetheless,/ it won’t go bankrupt.
Nevertheless,
difficult it may seem, you will
survive this.
London is expensive. On the other (hand),
it’s an exciting place to
live.
 Conjunctions
Adding information
The city holds many high-quality Furthermore, the vast majority of them are
cultural events. Moreover, free.
In addition,
What’s more,
+ sentence (formal)
I can’t afford a holiday. Besides, I’m too busy to travel now.
Anyway,
In any case,
On top of that,
+ sentence (informal)
In addition to the art museum, there are several as well as small exhibitions by
Besides galleries local artists.
Apart from
Showing cause of reason
Since it is snowing heavily, flights have been
As cancelled.
Because
Seeing that
+ subject + verb
The project was rejected on the ground that it exceeded the budget.
Owing to the strike, all trains have been
Because of cancelled.
Due to
On account of
Sales fell as a result of the price increase.
There was thick fog, So outgoing flights were delayed.
Therefore
Hence
Thus
As a result
Consequently
in consequence
+ subject + verb
It was so moving a speech that it will remain in my memory
so + adjective + a + noun + that + forever.
sentence (formal)
Concession and contrast
Although he is inexperienced, he does good job.
Even though
Though
Even if
Notwithstanding (formal)
In spite of the fact that
Despite the fact that
+ subject + verb
In spite of having little talent, he manages to sell
Despite his paintings.
+ noun/pronoun/gerund/the
fact that
No matter what you decide, please inform us.
Whatever
The business lost money. However, it won’t go bankrupt.
Nonetheless,
Nevertheless,
However difficult it may seem, you will survive
+ adjective/adverb + subject + this.
may
On the one hand, London is expensive. On the other (hand), it’s an
+ subject + verb (two sentences) exciting place to live.