Quantitative

1. How does the number of significant digits differ 3. The total area of the shape below is equal to 240.
between 14,320,010 and 3.618000? Find the length of segment AC.

A. 14,320,010 has more significant digits

than 3.618000
B. 14,320,010 has fewer significant digits
than 3.618000
C. 14,320,010 has the same number of
significant digits as 3.618000
D. A comparison cannot be made because
the numbers are not both in scientific
notation
A. 5
Significant digits include all nonzero digits, all
B. 10
zeroes that are between nonzero digits, and
C. 12
trailing zeroes in any number with a decimal
D. 15
point. In 14, 320,010 there is no decimal
point; thus the last zero is insignificant and
Express the total area as the area of the
there are seven significant digits. In
upper and lower triangles with common base
3.618000, all of the digits are significant; thus
AC:
there are also seven significant digits. In
3.618000, all of the digits are significant; thus
1 1
there are also seven significant digits. ( ) (20)(𝐴𝐶) + ( ) (28)(𝐴𝐶) = 480
2 2

2. The value of 2000.25 is closest to Multiply all terms by 2, simplify and solve for
AC:
A. 4
B. 14 (20)(𝐴𝐶) + (28)(𝐴𝐶) = 480
C. 50
D. 800 48𝐴𝐶 = 480

The fourth root of a number, or a number 480

𝐴𝐶 = = 10
raised to the one-quarter power, is the square 48
root of the square root of that number:
4. ABC is a triangle where AN is perpendicular to CB
1 1 and BM perpendicular to AC. The length of BC is
2002×2
4
2000.25 = = √√200 = √200
10, that of AC is 12 and that of AN is 8. Find the
The square root of 200 should be a bit larger length of BM.
than 14 (142 = 196); therefore, the fourth root
of 200 should be a bit less than 4.
 A. 2.5 A. 36π units2
B. 5.1 B. 72π units2
C. 6.7 C. 81π units2
D. 8.0 D. 144π units2

The area A of the given triangle may be Let x be the side of the square. The area is
calculated using the two altitudes as follows: equal to x2. Hence,

1
𝐴 = ( ) (𝐴𝑁)(𝐵𝐶) or 𝐴= 𝑥 2 = 144, solve for x, x=12
2
1
( )(𝐵𝑀)(𝐴𝐶)
2 The diameter d of the circle is equal to the
length of the diagonal of the square. Using
Hence,
Pythagorean theorem, we obtain:

1 1
( ) (𝐴𝑁)(𝐵𝐶) = ( )(𝐵𝑀)(𝐴𝐶) 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2 = 𝑑2
2 2
Solve for d:
Mutiply both sides by 2 and substitute known
lengths.
144 + 144 = 𝑑 2
8 × 10 = 𝑀𝐵 × 12 𝑑 = 12√2

Multiply both sides by 2 and substitute known The radius r of the circle is equal to d/2
lengths.
12√2
𝑟= = 6√2
2
80
𝐵𝑀 =
12 The area A of the circle is given by
= 6.7 (𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒)
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 = 72𝜋
5. The circle in the figure has all its vertices on the
circle. The area of the square is 144 units2. What 6. Which of the following relationships is
is the area of the circle? INCORRECT?
A. |sin θ x cos θ| < (|sin θ| + |cos θ|)
B. (sin θ / cos θ) = tan θ
C. tan 90° is undefined
 D. sin θ = sin (90° - θ) and the event “both children are girls” is
{GG}. Thus the probability that both children
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 ≠ 𝑠𝑖𝑛(90° − 𝜃), although 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 = are girls given the older child is a girl is ½.
𝑐𝑜𝑠(90° − 𝜃). The other statements must
be all true. Because sine and cosine values
9. Three coins are tossed in the air at the same time.
are always between -1 and 1, the products of
What are the chances that at least two of the
sine and cosine will always have a magnitude
coins will fall tails up?
less than 1. The sum of the absolute value of
sine and the absolute value of cosine, on the
A. 25%
other hand, will always be greater than 1.
B. 33%
Therefore, choice A can be eliminated.
C. 50%
Because sine is the ratio of opposite to
D. 60%
hypotenuse and cosine is the ratio of
adjacent to hypotenuse, the quotient between
It is certain that at least two coins will fall with
the two is the ratio of opposite to adjacent, or
the same side up. Thus it is just as likely that
the tangent of the angle. Therefore, choice B
these two coins will be tails as it is that they
can be eliminated. By the same logic,
will be heads.
because 𝑠𝑖𝑛 90° = 1 and 𝑐𝑜𝑠 90° = 0,
𝑡𝑎𝑛 90° is undefined, eliminating choice C.
10. A multiple choice exam has 4 choices for each
question. A student has studied enough so that
7. What is the minimum value of 2cosθ - 1?
the probability they will know the answer to a
question is 0.5, the probability that they will be
A. -3
able to eliminate one choice is 0.25, otherwise all
B. -2
4 choices seem equally plausible. If they know the
C. -1
answer, they will get the question right. If not, they
D. 0
have to guess from the 3 or 4 choices.

The minimum value of the cosine function is -

1 (cos 180° = −1). Therefore, the As the teacher, you want the test to measure what
minimum value of 2 cos 𝜃 − 1 is 2 × the student knows. If the student answers a
(−1) − 1 = −3. question correctly, what’s the probability they
knew the answer?

8. Mr. Jones has two children. The older child is a

girl. What is the probability that both children are
A. 66.6%
girls?
B. 77.4%
C. 81.2%
A. ⅓
D. 82.3%
B. ½
C. ¼
For a given problem, let C be the event the
D. ¾
student gets the problem correct and K th
event the student knows the answer. The
Listing the gender of the older child first, our
question asks for P(K|C). Using Bayes’ rule:
sample space is {BB, BG, GB, GG}. The
event “the older child is a girl” is {GB, GG}
 1 James 2A 2𝐴 + 2
𝑃(𝐶 |𝐾)𝑃(𝐾) 1∙
𝑃(𝐾|𝐶) = = 2 Anne A 𝐴+2
𝑃(𝐶) 1 1 1
+ +
2 12 16
24 13𝐴 + 6 = 58
= ≈ 0.774 = 77.4% 13𝐴 = 52
31
𝐴=4
𝐽=8
11. If one number is three times as large as another
number and the smaller number is increased by
13. The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 7.
19, the result is 6 less than twice the larger
When the digits are reversed, the number is
number. What is the larger number?
increased by 27. Find the number.

A. 9
A. 70 and 7
B. 5
B. 61 and 16
C. 75
C. 52 and 25
D. 15
D. 43 and 34

Let x be the larger number. Let y be the

𝑥+𝑦 =7
smaller number.
10𝑦 + 𝑥 = 10𝑥 + 𝑦 + 27
_________________
𝑥 = 3𝑦
9𝑦 − 9𝑥 = 27
𝑦 + 19 = 2𝑥 − 6
− [9(𝑦 + 𝑥 = 7)]
_________________
_________________
𝑦 + 19 = 6𝑦 − 6
−18𝑥 = −36
25 = 5𝑦
𝑦=5
𝑥 = 2; 𝑦 = 5
𝑥 = 15
52 and 25

12. Mike is 5 times older than James and James is

14. Suppose a store keeper wants to make a mixture
twice as old as Anne. In two years time, the sum
of Chocnut and gummy bears. He has on hand
of their ages will be 58. How old is James now?
Chocnut that cost P30 per kilo and gummy bears
that cost P55 per kilo. He wants to make a 3-kilo
A. 4
mixture that costs P4 per kilo. How many kilos of
B. 10
gummy bears should he put?
C. 16
D. 8
A. 0.56
B. 1.80
Let Mike’s, James’ and Anne’s ages be M, J
C. 1.20
and A, respectively.
D. 2.44

𝑀 = 5𝐽
30𝑥 + 55(3 − 𝑥) = 40(3)
𝐽 = 2𝐴
30𝑥 + 165 − 55𝑥 = 120
−25𝑥 = −45
Present Age 2 years from now
𝑥 = 1.8
Mike 10A 10𝐴 + 2
→ 3 − 𝑥 = 1.8
 D. 12.5 mph
15. A wallet contains the same number of pennies,
nickels, and dimes. The coins total $1.44. How Distance Rate Time
many of each type of coin does the wallet MRT 1 𝑟 − 20 5
contain? MRT 2 𝑟 3

A. 9 d = rt → Both MRT1 and MRT2 travel equal

B. 4 distances.
C. 14
D. 19 5(𝑟 − 20) = 3𝑟
5𝑟 − 100 = 3𝑟
𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 10𝑥 = 144 𝑟 = 50
16𝑥 = 144 𝑟 ∙ 20 = 30
𝑥=9
18. Suppose one painter can paint the entire house in
16. You have P50,000 to invest, and two funds that twelve hours, and the second painter takes eight
you'd like to invest in. Fund Y yields 14% interest. hours. How long would it take the two painters
Fund X yields 6% interest. Because of college together to paint the house?
financial-aid implications, you don't think you can
afford to earn more than P4,500 in interest income A. 5/24 hrs
this year. How much should you put in Fund X? B. 24/5 hrs
C. 1/4 hrs
A. P 18 750 D. 4 hrs
B. P 12 500
C. P 31 250 Work Rate Time
D. P 37 500 Painter 1 1 1/12 12
Painter 2 1 1/8 8
𝑃 = 50 000
1 1 1
r (24𝑥) ( + = )
Fluid X 0.06 12x 8 𝑥
Fluid Y 0.14 2𝑥50+000
3𝑥 -=x 34
𝑥 = 24/5
0.06𝑥 + 0.14(50 000 − 𝑥) = 4 500
0.06𝑥 + 7 000 − 0.14𝑥 = 4500 19. Find two nonnegative numbers whose sum is 9
−0.08𝑥 = −2 500 and so that the product of one number and the
𝑥 = 31 250 square of the other number is a maximum.

17. MRT2 leaves the station two hours after MRT1 left A. 1 and 8
the same station. MRT1 is traveling 20 mph B. 2 and 7
slower than the MRT2. Find the rate of MRT1 if C. 3 and 6
the MRT2 overtakes the first in three hours. D. 4 and 5

A. 30 mph Each of the choices sum up to 9 and choice

B. 50 mph C yields the highest value when one number
C. 7.5 mph
 is multiplied to the square of the other 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 = 96 + 𝑥 2
number. 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 = 96
2
𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 96 + 4
20. The intensity of light produced by a light source √(𝑥 − 2)2 = √100
varies inversely as the square of the distance from 𝑥 − 2 = 10
the source. If the intensity of light produced 3 feet
𝑥 = 12
from a light source is 750 foot-candles, find the
Dimensions are 24 cm x 10 cm.
intensity of light produced 5 feet from the same
source.
22. A culture of bacteria triples every 6 hours. If there
are 500 bacteria at the beginning, how many
A. 90
bacteria will there be after 24 hours?
B. 1250
C. 450
A. 512
D. 270
B. 40 500
C. 121 500
𝑘
𝐼= D. 13 500
𝑑2
𝑘 24
750 = → 𝑘 = 6750
32 500(3) 6 = 40500
6750
𝐼 = 2 = 270
5 23. 6, 13, 27, 55, … In the sequence, each term after
the first is determined by multiplying the preceding
21. If one side of a square is doubled in length and term by m and then adding n. What is the value of
the adjacent side is decreased by two n?
centimeters, the area of the resulting rectangle is
96 square centimeters larger than that of the A. 1
original square. Find the dimensions of the B. 2
rectangle. C. –1
D. –2
A. 28 cm x 12 cm
B. 24 cm x 10 cm 6𝑚 + 𝑛 = 13
C. 16 cm x 6 cm − (13𝑚 + 𝑛 = 27)
D. 12 cm x 4 cm _________________
x 2x −7𝑚 = −14
𝑚=2

6(2) + 𝑛 = 13
x-2
𝑛=1

24. Tickets numbered 1 to 20 are mixed up and then

a ticket is drawn at random. What is the
𝐴 = 𝑥2 𝐴 = 2𝑥(𝑥 − probability that the ticket drawn has a number
2) which is a multiple of 3 or 5?

(2𝑥)(𝑥 − 2) = 96 + 𝑥 2 A. 8/15
 B. 9/20
C. 2/5 27. According to the chart, which week was the worst
D. ½ for the team?

Multiples of 3: {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18} A. fourth week

Multiples of 5: {5, 10, 15, 20} B. fifth week
C. sixth week
6 4 1 9 D. seventh week
+ − =
20 20 20 20
The seventh week was the only week that the
25. How many ways can two slices of pizza be team lost more games than it won.
chosen from a plate containing one slice each of
pepperoni, sausage, mushroom, and cheese
pizza. 28. If there are fifty more games to play in the season,
how many more games must the team win to end
A. 24 up winning 70% of the games?
B. 8
C. 12 A. 39
D. 6 B. 35
C. 41
4! D. 34
4𝐶2 = =6
2! (4 − 2)!
To win 70% of all the games, the team must win
Questions 26-28 are based on this table chart. 70 out of 100. Since it won 29 games out of the
first 50 games, it must win 70 – 29, or 41 games
The following chart is a record of the performance of a out of the next 50 games.
baseball team for the first seven weeks of the season.

Questions 29-33 are based on this pie chart.

26. What percent of the game did the team win?

A. 75%
B. 60%
C. 58%
D. 80% 29. Which region was the most populated region in
1964?
The team won 29 out of 50 games, or 58%.
 A. East North Central 4.0% more. 4.0% of 191.3 million is 0.4 x 191.3,
B. Middle Atlantic or about 7.7 million.
C. South Atlantic
D. Pacific
33. What was the total population in all the regions
East North Central, with 19.7% of the total
combined?
population, had the largest population.
A. 100.0 million
B. 191.3 million
30. What part of the entire population lived in the C. 126.8 million
Mountain region? D. 98.5 million
1
A.
10
1
B.
50 All the regions combined had 100% of the
𝟏
C. population, or 191.3 million.
𝟐𝟓
1
D.
8

Questions 34-37 are based on this line graph.

The Mountain region had 4.0% of the population.
1
4.0% is .
25

31. What was the approximate population in the

Pacific region?

A. 20 million
B. 24 million
C. 28 million
D. 15 million

Pacific had 12.5% of the population. 12.5% of

34. On the ratio scale, what were the consumer prices
191.3 million is .125 x 191.3, or about 24 million.
recorded as at the end of 1985?

A. 95
32. Approximately how many more people lived in the
B. 100
Middle Atlantic region than in the South Atlantic? C. 105
D. 110
A. 4.0 million
B. 7.7 million Drawing a vertical line at the end of 1985, we
C. 5.2 million reach the consumer price graph at about the 110
D. 8.5 million level.

Middle Atlantic had 18.8% and South Atlantic had

14.8% of the population. So, Middle Atlantic had
 35. During what year did consumer prices rise
fastest?

A. 1983
B. 1985
C. 1988
D. 1989

The slope of the consumer graph is clearly

steepest in 1989.

36. When wholesale and industrial prices were

recorded as 110, consumer prices were recorded
as

A. between 125 and 120

38. What was the approximate ratio of soft plywood
B. between 120 and 115
produced in 1978 as compared with that produced
C. between 115 and 110
in 1987?
D. between 110 and 105

Wholesale and industrial prices were about 110 at A. 2:3

the beginning of 1989, when consumer prices B. 4:7
were between 120 and 125. C. 3:4
D. 1:3

To answer this question, you will have to measure

37. For the eight years 1982-1989 inclusive, the the bars. In 1978, about 8 billion square feet of
average increase in consumer prices was plywood were produced. In 1987, about 14 billion
square feet were produced. The ratio of 8:14 is
A. 1 point the same as 4:7.
B. 2 points
C. 3 points
D. 4 points
39. For the years 1978 through 1983, excluding 1982,
At the beginning of 1982 consumer prices were how many billion square feet of plywood were
about 105; at the end of 1980 they were about produced together?
130−105 25
130. The average increase is = , or
8 8 A. 29.7
about 3. B. 34.1
C. 49.8
D. 52.6
Questions 38-40 are based on this bar graph.
All you have to do is to measure the bar for each
year—of course, don’t include the 1982 bar—and
estimate the length of each bar. Then you add the
 five lengths. 1978 = 8, 1979 = 10, 1980 = 10, B. 1983 and 1985; 1984 and 1986
1981 = 10, 1983 = 12. The total is close to 50. C. 1979 and 1981; 1980 and 1982
D. 1983 and 1985; 1982 and 1984

The jumps from 1981 to 1983, from 1983 to 1985,

40. Between which consecutive odd years and
and from 1987 to 1989 were all about 2 billion
between which consecutive even years was the
square feet, so you can eliminate answers A and
plywood production jump greatest?
C. The jump from 1982 to 1984 was from 11 to
13.5 = 2.5 billion square feet. None of the other
A. 1985 and 1987; 1978 and 1980
choices show such broad jumps.