Prohibited Acts Who is liable?

Elements Exception Penalty, Effects Case Questions,

Notes or
Remarks
1. Vote Buying Any person 1. Gives, offer or Sec. 264
promise
2. Money, or anything
of value, office or
employment, franchise
or grant, or make
expenditures to be
made to any person,
association,
corporation, entity or
community
3. In order to induce
anyone or the public to

A. vote for or against

any candidate
B. Withhold vote in
the election
C. or to vote for or
against any aspirant
for the nomination of a
candidate in a
convention or similar
selection process of a
political party.
2. Vote selling Any person, 1. Solicit or receives
 association, directly or indirectly
corporation, 4. Any expenditures or
group, or promise of any office
community or employment
franchise or grant, or
make expenditures to
be made to any
person, association,
corporation, entity or
community
5. In order to induce
anyone or the public to

A. vote for or against

any candidate
D. Withhold vote in
the election
2. or to vote for or
against any aspirant
for the nomination of a
candidate in a
convention or similar
selection process of a
political party.
3. Conspiracy To Any person 1. Two or more
Bribe Voters whether persons
candidate or 2. Agree to commit
not any of the violation of
vote buying or vote
 selling,
3. decide to commit it.
4. Wagering Upon Any person 1. Bets or wagers upon Bet or wager shall
the result of the the outcomes of,or any be forfeited in
election contingency connected favor of the
with an election government
2. Any money or thing
of value or deposit of
money or thing of
value in the
Philippines
5. Coercion of 1. Any public 1. who coerces or
subordinate officer, intimidates or
2. any officer compels, or in any
of any public manner influence,
or private directly or indirectly,
corporation any of his
association, or subordinates or
3. any head, members or
superior, or parishioners or
administrator employees or house
of any religious helpers, tenants,
organization, or overseers, farm
4. any helpers, tillers, or
employer or lease holders
land-owner 2. to aid, campaign or
vote for or against any
candidate or any
aspirant for the
 nomination or
selection of
candidates.
1. Any public 1. who dismisses or
officer or threatens to dismiss,
2. any officer punishes or threatens
of any to punish
commercial, 2. be reducing his
industrial, salary, wage or
agricultural, compensation, or by
economic or demotion, transfer,
social suspension,
enterprise or separation,
public or excommunication,
private ejectment, or causing
corporation or him annoyance in the
association, or performance of his job
3. any head, or in his membership,
superior or 3. any subordinate
administrator member or affiliate,
of any religious parishioner, employee
organization, or or house helper,
4. any tenant, overseer, farm
employer or helper, tiller, or lease
landowner holder,
4. for disobeying or
not complying with
any of the acts ordered
by the former to aid,
 campaign or vote for
or against any
candidate, or any
aspirant for the
nomination or
selection of candidates
5. Threats, Any person 1. directly or
intimidation, indirectly, threatens,
terrorism, use of intimidates or actually
fraudulent device causes, inflicts or
or other forms of produces any violence,
coercion injury, punishment,
damage, loss or
disadvantage upon any
person or persons or
that of the immediate
members of his
family, his honor or
property, or uses any
fraudulent device or
scheme
2. to compel or induce
the registration or
refraining from
registration of any
voter, or the
participation in a
campaign or refraining
or desistance from any
 campaign, or the
casting of any vote or
omission to vote, or
any promise of such
registration, campaign,
vote, or omission
therefrom
6. Coercion of Any person 1. directly or
election officials indirectly, threatens,
and employees intimidates, terrorizes
or coerces
2. any election
official or employee in
the performance of his
election functions or
duties.
7. Appointment of 1. Any head, 1. During the period of Urgent Any appointment
new employees, official or 45 days BEFORE a Appointment or hiring in
creation of new appointing regular election and 30 (Except upon violation not
position, officer of a days BEFORE a prior authority of falling under the
promotion, or government special election, the Commission) exception shall be
giving salary office, agency 2. appoints or hires A. null and void.
increases or any new employee, 1. position to be
instrumentality, whether provisional, filled is essential
whether temporary or casual, to the proper
national or or creates and fills any functioning of
local, including new position, the office or
government- agency
owned or concerned
 controlled 2. the position
corporations shall not be filled
in a manner that
may influence
the election.
3. That notice of
the appointment
shall be given to
the Commission
within three days
from the date of
the appointment.

Any 1. During the period of

government 45 days BEFORE a
official regular election and 30
days BEFORE a
special election;
1. who promotes, or
gives any increase of
salary or remuneration
or privilege
2. to any government
official or employee,
including those in
government-owned or
controlled
corporations.
8. Transfer of  Any public 1. who makes or Except upon
officers and official. causes any transfer or prior approval of
employees in the detail whatever of any the Commission
civil service officer or employee in
the civil service
including public
school teachers,
2. within the election
period
9. Intervention of 1. Any officer 1. who, directly or 1. EXCEPT
public officers and or employee in indirectly, intervenes THOSE
employees the civil in any election HOLDING
service, campaign or engages POLITICAL
2. any officer, in any partisan OFFICES
employee, or political activity,
member or the 2. Except to vote
Armed Forces or to preserve
of the public order, if
Philippines, or he is a peace
3. any police officer.
force, special
forces, home Note as
defense forces, Example: Police
barangay self- and members of
defense units the military are
and all other not allowed in
para-military polling places
units unless they are
there to vote.
10.Undue 1. any person, A. 1. promise any
influence association, office or employment,
corporation or public or private, or to
community make or offer to make
an expenditure,
directly or indirectly,
or to cause an
expenditure to be
made to any person,
association,
corporation or entity,
2. which may induce
anyone or the public in
general either to vote
or withhold his vote,
or to vote for or
against any candidate
in any election or any
aspirant for the
nomination or
selection of an official
candidate in a
convention of a
political party.

B. 1. to solicit or
receive, directly or
indirectly, any
expenditure or
promise or any office,
or employment, public
 or private,
11.Unlawful Any person 1. to solicit votes or
electioneering undertake any
propaganda
2. on the day of
a. registration before
the board of election
inspectors and
b. on the day of
election, for or against
any candidate or any
political party
3. within the polling
place and with a radius
of thirty meters
thereof.
12.Prohibition Employer, 1. employee or laborer Any employee,
against dismissal of Landlord shall be dismissed, or laborer or tenant so
employees, tenant ejected from his dismissed or
laborers, or tenants landholdings ejected shall be
2. for refusing or reinstated and the
failing to vote for any salary or wage,
candidate of his share in the harvest
employer or shall be restored to
landowner. the aggrieved party
upon application to
the proper court.
13.Appointment or Any appointing 1. During the Exception:
use of special authority campaign period, on At the start of
policemen, special the day before and on the
agents, confidential election day, aforementioned
agents or the like. 2. who appoints or period, the
any person who barangay
utilizes the services of chairman,
special policemen, municipal
special agents, mayor, city
confidential agents or mayor,
persons performing provincial
similar functions; governor, or any
persons previously appointing
appointed as special authority shall
policemen, special submit to the
agents, confidential Commission a
agents or persons complete list of
performing similar all special
functions who policemen,
continue acting as special agents,
such, confidential
3. and those who fail agents or persons
to turn over their performing
firearms, uniforms, similar functions
insignias and other in the employ of
badges of authority to their respective
the proper officer who political
issued the same subdivisions,
with such
particulars as the
Commission
may require
14.Illegal release 1. The Director 1. Illegally orders or Penalty:
of prisoners before of the Bureau allows any prisoner Prision mayor in
and after election. of Prisons, detained in the its maximum
2. any national penitentiary, period if the
provincial or the provincial, city prisoner or
warden, the or municipal jail to prisoners so
keeper of the leave the premises illegally released
jail or the thereof commit any act of
person or 2. 60 days before and intimidation,
persons thirty days after the terrorism of
required by law election. interference in the
to keep election.
prisoners in
their custody The municipal or
city warden, the
provincial warden,
the keeper of the
jail or the person
or persons required
by law to keep
prisoners in their
custody shall post
in three
conspicuous public
places a list of the
prisoners or
detention prisoners
under their care.
Detention
prisoners must be
 categorized as such
15.Use of public Any person 1. who uses under any
funds, money guise whatsoever,
deposited in trust, directly or indirectly,y
equipment, (a) public funds or
facilities owned or money deposited with,
controlled by the or held in trust by,
government for an public financing
election institutions or by
campaign. . government offices,
banks, or agencies; (b)
any printing press,
radio, or television
station or audio-visual
equipment operated by
the Government or by
its divisions, sub-
divisions, agencies or
instrumentalities,
including government-
owned or controlled
corporations, or by the
Armed Forces of the
Philippines; or (c) any
equipment, vehicle,
facility, apparatus, or
paraphernalia owned
by the government or
by its political
 subdivisions, agencies
including government-
owned or controlled
corporations, or by the
Armed Forces of the
Philippines for any
election campaign or
for any partisan
political activity
16.Deadly Any person 1. who carries any In cases of
weapons deadly weapon in the affray, turmoil,
polling place and or disorder, any
2. within a radius of peace officer or
100 meters thereof public officer
3. during the days and authorized by the
hours fixed by law for Commission to
the registration of supervise the
voters in the polling election is
place, voting, counting entitled to carry
of votes, or firearms or any
preparation of the other weapon for
election returns. the purpose of
preserving order
and enforcing
the law.
17.Carrying Any person 1. who, although 1. unless
firearms outside possessing a permit to authorized in
residence or place carry firearms, carries writing by the
of business any firearms outside Commission.
 his residence or place
of business during the 2. This
election period, prohibition shall
not apply to
2. Motor vehicle, cashiers and
water or air craft shall disbursing
not be considered a officers while in
residence or place of the performance
business or extension of their duties or
hereof 3. to persons
who by nature of
their official
duties,
profession,
business or
occupation
habitually carry
large sums of
money or
valuables.

18.Use of armored Any person 1. who uses during the 1. banking or

land, water or air campaign period, on financial
craft the day before and on institutions and
election day, any all business
armored land, water or firms
air craft, 2. may use not
2. provided with any more than two
temporary or armored vehicles
 permanent equipment strictly for, and
or any other device or limited to, the
contraption for the purpose of
mounting or transporting
installation of cash, gold
cannons, machine bullion or other
guns and other similar valuables in
high caliber firearms, connection with
including military type their business
tanks, half trucks, from and to their
scout trucks, armored place of
trucks, of any make or business,
model, whether new, 3. upon previous
reconditioned, rebuilt authority of the
or remodelled: Commission.
19.Wearing of 1. Any member 1. During the 1. Prohibition During the election Must a
uniforms and of security or campaign period, on shall not apply period, whenever member of the
bearing arms police the day before and on when said the Commission AFP or Police
organization of election day member is in finds it necessary Force must
government 2. who wears his pursuit of a for the promotion wear civilian
agencies, uniform or uses his person who has of free, orderly, clothes when
commissions, insignia, decorations committed or is honest and voting?
councils, or regalia, or bears committing a peaceful elections
bureaus, arms outside the crime in the in a specific area,
offices, or immediate vicinity of premises he is it shall confiscate
government- his place of work. guarding; or or order the
owned or when escorting confiscation of
controlled or providing firearms of any
corporations, or security for the member or
privately- transport of members of the
owned or payrolls, Armed Forces of
operated deposits, or other the Philippines,
security, valuables; or police forces,
investigative, when guarding home defense
protective or the residence of forces, barangay
intelligence private persons self-defense units,
agencies, or when and all other para-
guarding private military units that
residences, now exist, or
buildings or which may
offices: hereafter be
organized, or any
2. In case of member or
security guards members of the
guarding private security or police
residences or organization,
building prior government
written approval ministries,
of the commissions,
Commission councils, bureaus,
shall be offices,
obtained. The instrumentalities,
Commission or government-
shall decide all owned or
applications for controlled
authority under corporations and
this paragraph other subsidiaries,
within fifteen or of any member
days from the or members of
 date of the filing privately owned or
of such operated security,
application. investigative,
protective or
intelligence
agencies
performing
identical or similar
functions.

20.Policemen and 1. Any public 1. During the 1. The life and

provincial guards official campaign period, on security of a
acting as 2. candidate the day before and on candidate is in
bodyguards or election day jeopardy
security guards 2. utilizes the services 2. after due
of the any member of notice and
the city or municipal hearing,
police force, any 3. when
provincial or sub- Commission is
provincial guard, any empowered to
member of the Armed assign at the
Forces of the candidate's
Philippines, special choice, any
forces, home defense member of the
forces, barangay self- Philippine
defense units and all Constabulary or
other para-military the police force
units that now exist or of any
which may hereafter municipality
be organized within the
3. acts as bodyguard province to act
or security guard as his bodyguard
or security guard
in a number to
be determined by
the Commission
4. but not to
exceed 3 per
candidate

5. Urgent or
Immediate
a.the
Commission
may issue a
temporary order
allowing the
assignment of
any member of
the local police
force to act as
bodyguard or
security guard
of the
candidate,
subject to
confirmation or
 revocation.
21.Organization or Any person 1. who organizes or The heads of all
maintenance of maintains a reaction reaction forces,
reaction forces, force, strike force or strike forces, or
strike forces, or similar force during similar forces
other similar the election period. shall, not later than
forces. 45 days before the
election, submit to
the Commission a
complete list of all
members thereof
with such
particulars as the
Commission may
require
22.Prohibition 1. Any public 1. during 45 days No payment shall
against release, official or before a regular A. Maintenance be made within
disbursement or 2. employee election and 35 days of existing five days before
expenditure of including before a special and/or completed the date of election
public funds. barangay election, public works to laborers who
officials and 2. releases, disburses project, have rendered
those of or expends any public 1. That not more services in projects
government- funds for than the average or works except
owned or 3. Any and all kinds number of those falling under
controlled of public works laborers or subparagraphs (a),
corporations employees (b), (c), and (d), of
and their already this paragraph.
subsidiaries employed therein
during the six-
month period
immediately
prior to the
beginning of the
45 day period
before election
day shall be
permitted to
work during
such time.
2. no additional
laborers shall be
employed for
maintenance
work within the
period;

B. Work
undertaken by
contract through
public bidding
held, or by
negotiated
contract
awarded, before
the 45 day period
before election:
1. That work for
the purpose of
this section
undertaken under
the so-called
"takay" or
"paquiao"
system shall not
be considered as
work by
contract;

C. Payment for
the usual cost of
preparation for
working
drawings,
specifications,
bills of materials,
estimates, and
other procedures
preparatory to
actual
construction
including the
purchase of
materials and
equipment, and
all incidental
expenses for
wages of
watchmen and
other laborers
employed for
such work in the
central office and
field storehouses
before the
beginning of
such period.
number of such
laborers shall not
be increased over
the number hired
when the project
or projects were
commenced;

D. Emergency
work
1. due to a public
calamity, but
such work shall
be limited to the
restoration of the
damaged facility.

E. ongoing
public works
projects
 commenced
before the
campaign period
or similar
projects under
foreign
agreements. For
purposes of this
provision, it shall
be the duty of
the government
officials or
agencies
concerned to
report to the
Commission the
list of all such
projects being
undertaken by
them.

1. The Ministry 1. during 45 days 1. for salaries of 1. Is the Social

of Social before a regular personnel, and Welfare
Services and election and thirty for such other Service under
Development days before a special routine and the LGU
(DSWD) election, releases, normal expenses covered?
2. any other 2. disburses or . 2. Incumbent
office in other expends any public 2. Should a No candidate or is an exception
ministries of funds calamity or his or her spouse in the
the government disaster occur, or member of his distribution of
performing all releases family within the relief to the
functions normally or 2nd civil degree of victims of
similar to said usually coursed affinity or calamity
ministry, through the said consanguinity shall within his
ministries and participate, directly jurisdiction?
offices of other or indirectly, in the
ministries shall distribution of any
be turned over relief or other
to, and goods to the
administered and victims of the
disbursed by, the calamity or
Philippine disaster
National Red
Cross, subject to
the supervision
of the
Commission on
Audit or its
representatives,
and
The Ministry of 1. during 45 days 1. for salaries of
Human before a regular personnel and
Settlements election and thirty for such other
(DHSUD) and days before a special necessary
any other office election, releases, administrative or
in any other 2. disburses or other expenses
 ministry of the expends any public as the
government funds Commission
performing may authorize
functions after due notice
similar to said and hearing.
ministry,
23.Prohibition Any person 1. During the period of Exception Same us
against 45 days before a above
construction of regular election and
public works, thirty days before a
delivery of special election
materials for public
works and issuance 2. undertakes the
of treasury construction of any
warrants and public works; or
similar devices
3. issues, uses or
avails of treasury
warrants or any device
undertaking future
delivery of money,
goods or other things
of value chargeable
against public funds.

24.Suspension of Any Public 1. during the election 1. unless said

elective provincial, Official period, suspension will
city, municipal or 2. who suspends, be for purposes
barangay officer. without prior approval of applying the
of the Commission, "Anti-Graft and
any elective Corrupt Practices
provincial, city, Act" in relation
municipal or barangay to the suspension
officer, and removal of
elective officials;
in which case the
provisions of this
section shall be
inapplicable
On Registration of
Voters
25.Non- Any person 1. fails without
registration of a who justifiable excuse to
Qualified voter register as a voter in
an election, plebiscite
or referendum in
which he is qualified
to vote.
1. who knowingly
makes any false or
untruthful statement
2. relative to any of
the data or information
required in the
application for
registration
1. who deliberately
 imprints or causes the
imprinting of blurred
or indistinct
fingerprints on any of
the copies of the
application for
registration or on the
voter's affidavit; or
any person in charge
of the registration of
voters who
deliberately or through
negligence, causes or
allows the imprinting
of blurred or indistinct
fingerprints on any of
the aforementioned
registration forms, or
any person who
tampers with the
fingerprints in said
registration records
26.Approving or Any member of 1. who approves any
Disapproving the board of application which on
Unqualified or election its face shows that the
Qualified Voter inspectors applicant does not
possess all the
qualifications
prescribed by law for a
 voter;
2. or who disapproves
any application which
on its face shows that
the applicant possesses
all such qualifications.
27.Offenses in Any person 1. who, being a
Relation to Voter’s registered voter,
Registration registers anew
2. without filing an
application for
cancellation of his
previous registration.

Any person 1. who registers in

substitution for
another whether with
or without the latter's
knowledge or consent.
Any person 1. who tampers with
or changes without
authority any data or
entry in any voter's
application for
registration
Any person 1. who delays, hinders
or obstruct another
from registering.
Any person 1. who falsely certifies
or identifies another as
a bona fide resident of
a particular place or
locality for the
purpose of securing
the latter's registration
as a voter.

Any person 1. uses the voter's

affidavit of another for
the purpose of voting,
whether or not he
actually succeeds in
voting
Any person A. 1.who places, Except upon
inserts or otherwise lawful order of
includes, as approved the Commission,
application for or of a
registration in the competent court
book of voters or in or after proper
the provincial or cancellation as
national central files provided in
of registered voters, Sections 122, 12
2. the application of 3, 124 and 125 
any fictitious voter or
any application that
 has not been
approved; or
B. 1. removes from, or
otherwise takes out of
the book of voters or
the provincial or
national central files
of registered voters
any duly approved
voter's application,
Any person 1. who transfers or Transfer was due
causes the transfer of to a change of
the registration record address of the
of a voter to the book voter and the
of voters of another voter was duly
polling place, notified of his
new polling
place.
Any person 1. who asks, demands, Unless the
takes, accepts or voter's affidavit
possesses, directly or of another and
indirectly, the voter's the latter are
affidavit of another, both members of
2. in order to induce the same family.
the latter to withhold
his vote, or to vote for
or against any
candidate in an
election or any issue in
 a plebiscite or
referendum. It shall be
presumed prima facie
that the asking,
demanding, taking,
accepting, or
possessing is with
such intent if done
within the period
beginning ten days
before election day
and ending ten days
after election day,
Any person
1.  who delivers, hands
over, entrusts, gives,
directly or indirectly
his voter's affidavit to
another
2. in consideration of
money or other benefit
or promises thereof, or
takes or accepts such
voter's affidavit
directly or indirectly,
by giving or causing
the giving of money or
other benefit or
making or causing the
 making of a promise
thereof.

Any person 1. who alters in any

manner, tears, defaces,
removes or destroys
any certified list of
voters
Any person 1. except as
1. who takes, carries otherwise
or possesses any blank provided in this
or unused registration Code or
form already issued to 2. when
a city or municipality directed by
outside of said city or express order of
municipality the court or of
the Commission.
Any person
1. who maliciously
omits, tampers or
transfers to another list
the name of a
registered voter from
the official list of
voters posted outside
the polling place.

28.Failure To Vote Any person

A. Fine: One
 who fails to cast his
vote without Hundred Pesos
justifiable excuse.
B. disqualification
to run for public
office in the next
succeeding
election following
his conviction or
be appointed to a
public office for a
period of one year
following his
conviction.

29.Flying Voter, Any person who votes more than

Multiple Vote once in the same
election, or who, not
being a registered
voter, votes in an
election.
30.Substitution of Any person A. who votes in
Voter substitution for
another whether with
or without the latter's
knowledge and/or

Any person
31.Violation on the Any person
Secrecy of Ballots
32.Possession of Any person
more than one
official ballot
consent.
B. who, not being
illiterate or physically
disabled, allows his
ballot to be prepared
by another, or any
person who prepares
the ballot of another
who is not illiterate or
physically disabled,
with or without the
latter's knowledge
and/or consent.
1. avails himself of
any means of scheme
to discover the
contents of the ballot
of a voter who is
preparing or casting
his vote or who has
just voted.
1. in the course of
voting,
2. uses a ballot other
than the one given by
the board of election
 inspectors or has in his
possession more than
one official ballot.
33.Detention of Any person 1. who places under
Qualified Voter for arrest or detains a
the Purpose of voter
preventing to vote 2. without lawful
cause, or molests him
in such a manner as
3. to obstruct or
prevent him from
going to the polling
place to cast his vote
or from returning
home after casting his
vote, or to compel him
to reveal how he
voted.
34.Omission or Any member of 1. who deliberately
Misread of the the board of omits to read the vote
content of ballot election duly written on the
inspectors ballot, or misreads the
charged with vote actually written
the duty of thereon or reads the
reading the
name of a candidate
ballot during where no name is
the counting of
written on the ballot
votes
35.Failure to Any member of 1. who deliberately
record a vote ro the board of fails to record a vote
Erroneously record election therein or records
a vote inspectors erroneously the votes
charged with as read, or records a
the duty of vote where no such
tallying the vote has been read by
votes in the the chairman.
tally board or
sheet, election
returns or other
prescribed
form
36.Allowing Over Any member of 1. who has made
vote a board of possible the casting of
election more votes than there
inspectors are registered voters.
37.Spreading of Any person 1. who, for the
false information purpose of disrupting
or news or obstructing the
election process or
causing confusion
among the voters,
2. propagates false and
alarming reports or
information or
transmits or circulates
false orders, directives
or messages regarding
any matter relating to
 the printing of official
ballots, the
postponement of the
election, the transfer
of polling place or the
general conduct of the
election.
38.Substitution or Any person 1. without legal
Destruction of authority, destroys,
Election Materials substitutes or takes
or documents away from the
possession of those
having legal custody
thereof, or from the
place where they are
legally deposited, any
election form or
document or ballot
box which contains
official ballots or other
documents used in the
election.

39.Opening and Any person 1. who opens or

Destruction of having legal destroys said box or
Ballot Box custody of the removes or destroys
ballot box its contents
containing the 2. without or against
official ballots the order of the
 used in the Commission or who,
election 3. through his
negligence, enables
any person to commit
any of the
aforementioned acts,
or takes away said
ballot box from his
custody.
40.Use of Any member of 1. who knowingly except in those
Unofficial Ballot the board of uses ballots other than cases where the
election the official ballots, . use of
inspectors emergency
ballots is
authorized
41. Failure to 1. who neglects or
Protect or Preserve Any public fails to properly
ballot box or official preserve or account
election material for any ballot box,
documents and forms
received by him and
kept under his
custody.

42. Violation Any person 1. who reveals the

Ballot Secrecy- contents of the ballot
Revelation of of an illiterate or
Ballot Content disabled voter whom
he assisted in
 preparing a ballot
43.Transfer of Any person 1. without authority,
location of the transfers the location
Polling Place of a polling place.

44.Printing of of Any person 1. without authority,

ballots or election prints or causes the
return printing of any ballot
or election returns that
appears as official
ballots or election
returns or who
distributes or causes
the same to be
distributed for use in
the election, whether
or not they are actually
used.
45.Keeping of Any person 1. without authority,
ballots, election keeps, uses or carries
returns or election out or causes to be
materials or kept, used or carried
paraphernalia out, any official ballot
or election returns or
printed proof thereof,
type-form mould,
electro-type printing
 plates and any other
plate, numbering
machines and other
printing paraphernalia
being used in
connection with the
printing of official
ballots or election
returns.
46.Over print and Any official or 1. who causes official
Distribution of of employee of ballots or election
official ballots or any printing returns
returns establishment 2. to be printed in
or of the quantities exceeding
Commission or those authorized by
any member of the Commission
the committee 3. or who distributes,
in charge of the delivers, or in any
printing of manner disposes of or
official ballots causes to be
or election distributed, delivered,
returns or disposed of, any
official ballot or
election returns to any
person or persons not
authorized by law or
by the Commission to
receive or keep
official ballots or
 election returns or
who sends or causes
them to be sent to any
place not designated
by law or by the
Commission.
47.Acts that violate 1. through any act,
the integrity of the means or device,
ballots, election violates the integrity
returns of any official ballot
or election returns
before or after they are
used in the election.
48.Removal and Any person 1. who removes, tears,
defacement of the defaces or destroys
list of certified any certified list of
voters candidates posted
inside the voting
booths during the
hours of voting.
who holds or causes
the holding of an
election on any other
day than that fixed by
law or by the
Commission, or stops
any election being
legally held.
49.Deliberate Any person
blurring of who deliberately blurs
fingerprint in his fingerprint in the
voting record voting record.

On Canvassing:

50.Failure to give Any chairman 1. who fails to give

due notice to of the board of due notice of the date,
candidates canvassers time and place of the
meeting of said board
to the candidates,
political parties and/or
members of the board
51.Invalid Any member of 1. who proceeds with
canvassing and the board of the canvass of the
Proclamation canvassers votes and/or
proclamation of any
candidate which was
suspended or annulled
by the Commission.
2. who proceeds with
the canvass of votes
and/or proclamation of
any candidate in the
absence of quorum, or
without giving due
notice of the date, time
and place of the
 meeting of the board
to the candidates,
political parties,
and/or other members
of the board.
3. who, without
authority of the
Commission, uses in
the canvass of votes
and/or proclamation of
any candidate any
document other than
the official copy of the
election returns.

52. Dereliction of Any member of 1. who deliberately

Duties any board of absents himself from
election the meetings of said
inspectors or body for the purpose
board of of obstructing or
canvassers delaying the
performance of its
duties or functions.

2. who, without
justifiable reason,
refuses to sign and
 certify any election
form required by this
Code or prescribed by
the Commission
although he was
present during the
meeting of the said
body.

53. Appointment Any person 1. who, being

and Acceptance of ineligible for
of Ineligible Person appointment as
as member of BEI member of any board
of election inspectors
or board of canvassers,
2. accepts an
appointment to said
body, assumes office,
and actually serves as
a member thereof, or
any of public officer
or any person acting in
his behalf who
appoints such
ineligible person
knowing him to be
ineligible.
54. Disruption of Any person 1. who, in the presence
Proceedings of the or within the hearing
BEI of any board of
election inspectors or
board of canvassers
during any of its
meetings, conducts
himself in such a
disorderly manner as
to interrupt or disrupt
the work or
proceedings to the end
of preventing said
body from performing
its functions, either
partly or totally.

55. Change of th Any public 1. who changes or

assignment of BEI official or causes the change of
person acting the assignments of any
in his behalf member of said board
who relieves of election inspectors
any member of or board of canvassers
any board of without authority of
election the Commission
inspectors or
board of
canvassers
 On candidacy and 4.
campaign
56.Holding of Any political which holds political
convetion, meeting party conventions or
meetings to nominate
its official candidates
earlier that the period
fixed in this Code.
57.Destruction of Any person who abstracts,
Certificate of destroys or cancels
Candidacy any certificate of
candidacy duly filed
and which has not
been cancelled upon
order of the
Commission.
58.False Certificate Any person who misleads the
of Candidacy board of election
inspectors by
submitting any false or
spurious certificate of
candidacy or
document to the
prejudice of a
candidate
59.Acceptance of Any person who, being authorized
Certificate of to receive certificates
Candidacy beyond of candidacy, receives
the allowed period any certificate of
candidacy outside the
period for filing the
same and makes it
 appear that said
certificate of
candidacy was filed on
time; or any person
who, by means of
fraud, threat,
intimidation, terrorism
or coercion, causes or
compels the
commission of said
act.
60.Obstruction of Any person who, by any device or
any lawful political means, jams, obstructs
program or interferes with a
radio or television
broadcast of any
lawful political
program.
61.Solicitation of Any person who solicits votes or
Votes on Election undertakes any
day propaganda, on the
day of election, for or
against any candidate
or any political party
within the polling
place or within a
radius of thirty meters
thereof.
Other Prohibition
62.Violation of Any person who sells, furnishes,
Liquor Ban offers, buys, serves or
takes intoxicating
liquor on the days
fixed by law for the
registration of voters
in the polling place, or
on the day before the
election or on election
day: Provided, That
hotels and other
establishments duly
certified by the
Ministry of Tourism
as tourist oriented and
habitually in the
business of catering to
foreign tourists may
be exempted for
justifiable reasons
upon prior authority of
the Commission:
Provided, further, That
foreign tourists taking
intoxicating liquor in
said authorized hotels
or establishments are
exempted from the
provisions of this
subparagraph.
63.Opening of Any person 1. who opens in any
stores on election polling place or within
day a radius of thirty
meters thereof
2. on election day and
during the counting of
votes,
3. booths or stalls of
any kind for the sale,
dispensing or display
of wares, merchandise
or refreshments,
whether solid or
liquid, or for any other
purposes.
64.Holding of Any person who holds on election
cockfight, illegal day, fairs, cockfights,
races on Election boxing, horse races,
day jai-alai or any other
similar sports.
65.Refusal to carry Any operator who refuse to carry
election mail or employee of official election mail
matter a public utility matters free of charge
or during the election
transportation period. In addition to
company the penalty prescribed
operating under herein, such refusal
a certificate of shall constitute a
public ground for
 convenience, cancellation or
including revocation of
government- certificate of public
owned or convenience or
controlled franchise.
postal service
or its
employees or
deputized
agents
66.Prohibition Any person who without
against who operates a justifiable cause
discrimination in radio or discriminates against
the sale of air time television any political party,
station coalition or
aggroupment of
parties or any
candidate in the sale of
air time. In addition to
the penalty prescribed
herein, such refusal
shall constitute a
ground for
cancellation or
revocation of the
franchise.
RA 8436
Automated
Election Law
67.Utilizing Any person 1. Use without Any person
without authority, tampering convicted for
authorization, or destruction or violation of this
tampering with, stealing Act, except those
destroying or A. Official ballots, convicted of the
stealing: election returns, and crime of electoral
  certificates of canvass sabotage, shall be
of votes used in the penalized with
System; and imprisonment of
Electronic devices or eight years and one
their components, day to twelve (12)
peripherals or supplies years without
used in the System possibility of
such as counting parole, and
machine, memory perpetual
pack/diskette, memory disqualification to
pack receiver and hold public office
computer set and deprivation of
the right of
suffrage.
Moreover, the
offender shall be
perpetually
disqualified to
hold any non-
elective public
office.
68.Interfering or Interfering with,
Impeding impeding, absconding
Installation of for purpose of gain,
computer preventing the
installation or use of
computer counting
devices and the
processing, storage,
generation and
transmission of
election results, data
or information; and
69. Breach in 1. Gaining or causing
Computer data and access to using,
Program altering, destroying or
disclosing any
computer data,
program, system
software, network, or
any computer-related
devices, facilities,
hardware or
equipment, whether
classified or
declassified.

70. Refusal to Refusal of the

Present Copy of citizens' arm to present
Election return for perusal its copy of
election return to the
board of canvassers;
71. Presentation of Presentation by the
tampered election citizens' arm of
return tampered or spurious
election returns;

72. Failure to Refusal or failure to

provide copy of provide the dominant
Election Return majority and dominant
minority parties or the
citizens'' arm their
copy of election
returns
73. Failure to Post The failure to post the
Voters List voters' list within the
specified time,
duration and in the
designated location
shall constitute an
election offense on the
part the election
officer concerned
75 Electoral Any person or 1. When the Life Imprisonment
Sabotage member of the tampering, increase
BEI or Board and/or decrease of
of Canvasser votes perpetrated or
the refusal to credit the
correct votes or to
deduct tampered
votes, are committed
in the election of a
national elective office
which is voted upon
nationwide and the
tampering, increase
and/or decrease votes,
refusal to credit the
correct votes or to
deduct tampered
votes, shall adversely
affect the results of the
election to the said
national office to the
extent that losing
candidate/s is/are
made to appear the
winners;
2. Regardless of the
elective office
involved, when the
tampering, increase
and/or decrease of
votes committed or the
refusal to credit the
correct votes or to
deduct tampered votes
perpetrated, is
accomplished in a
single election
 document or in the
transposition of the
figures/results from
one election document
to another and
involved in the said
tampering increase
and/or decrease or
refusal to credit
correct votes or deduct
tampered votes exceed
five thousand (5,000)
votes, and that the
same adversely affects
the true results of the
election;
3. Any and all other
forms or tampering
increase and/or
decrease/s of votes
perpetuated or in cases
of refusal to credit the
correct votes or deduct
the tampered votes,
where the total votes
involved exceed ten’
thousand (10,000)
votes:
Illegal Arrest Any Officer or
1. Made an arrest or Any officer or a
Person
detained a person for person who shall
any alleged offense violate any
committed during and provision of this
in connection with any section shall be
election punished by
imprisonment of
2. Without a valid
not less than six
warrant
(6) years and one
(1) day nor more
than twelve (12)
years, with the
accessory penalties
for election
offenses. The
provision of
Section 267 of this
Code shall not
apply to
prosecution under
this section.