MODUL PERKULIAHAN

ENGLISH FOR ENGINEERING 1

Grammar for Engineer (2)

Fakultas Program Studi Tatap Muka Kode MK Disusun Oleh

02
Teknik Teknik Elektro F021700001 Fadli Sirait, S.SI, MT

Abstract Kompetensi
Adjectives are words that describe Students are able to understand the
or modify another person or thing key terms for different branches of
in the sentence.  engineering
Introduction
Simple Present Tense

How do we make the Simple Present Tense?

subject + auxiliary verb + main verb
do base
There are three important exceptions:

1. For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary.

2. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the
auxiliary.
3. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives.

Look at these examples with the main verb like:

Look at these examples with the main verb be. Notice that there is no auxiliary:

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How do we use the Simple Present Tense?
We use the simple present tense when:

 The action is general

 The action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future
 The action is not only happening now
 The statement is always true

Look at these examples:

 I live in New York.

 The Moon goes round the Earth.
 John drives a taxi.
 He does not drive a bus.
 We do not work at night.
 Do you play football?

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Note that with the verb to be, we can also use the simple present tense for situations that are
not general. We can use the simple present tense to talk about now. Look at these examples
of the verb "to be" in the simple present tense—some of them are general, some of them are
now:

Present Continuous Tense

I am singing
We often use the present continuous tense in English. It is very different from the simple
present tense, both in structure and in use.
How do we make the Present Continuous Tense?
The structure of the present continuous tense is:
subject + auxiliary verb + main verb
be base + ing
Look at these examples:

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How do we use the Present Continuous Tense?
We use the present continuous tense to talk about:
 Action happening now
 Action in the future
Present continuous tense for action happening now
a) For action happening exactly now

b) For action happening around now

The action may not be happening exactly now, but it is happening just before and just after
now, and it is not permanent or habitual.

Look at these examples:

• Muriel is learning to drive.
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• I am living with my sister until I find an apartment.

Present continuous tense for the future

We can also use the present continuous tense to talk about the future—if we add a future
word!! We must add (or understand from the context) a future word. "Future words" include,
for example, tomorrow, next year, in June, at Christmas etc. We only use the present
continuous tense to talk about the future when we have planned to do something before we
speak. We have already made a decision and a plan before speaking.

Look at these examples:

• We're eating in a restaurant tonight.
• We've already booked the table..
• They can play tennis with you tomorrow.
• They're not working.
• When are you starting your new job?
In these examples, we have a firm plan or programme before speaking. The decision and plan
were made before speaking.
How do we spell the Present Continuous Tense?
We make the present continuous tense by adding -ing to the base verb. Normally it's simple
—we just add -ing. But sometimes we have to change the word a little. Perhaps we double
the last letter, or we drop a letter. Here are the rules to help you know how to spell the present
continuous tense.

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Reading and Vocabulary:
Engineering
Engineering is based principally on physics, chemistry, and mathematics, and their
extensions into materials science, solid and fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, transfer and
rate processes, and systems analysis. Engineering as a profession involves different tasks. It
can refer specifically to the manufacture or assembly of engines, machine tools and machine
parts. It is also used more generally to describe the creative application of scientific
principIes to design, develop, construct and forecast the behaviour of structures, apparatus,
machines, manufacturing processes and works.
The function of scientists is to know, while that of engineers is to do: they must solve
specific problems.
Branches of engineering
The following words/phrases are all followed by 'engineering'

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Here is an extract from a speech made by a careers advisor to a group of students choosing
their future courses of study at university. Complete the speech by choosing one of the words
from the box.

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References

[1] Giancoli. (2001). Fisika. 5th ed., Jakarta, Erlangga

[2] Giancoli. (2013). Physics Principles With Applications. 7th ed. NY. Pearson.
[3] Tripler. (2001). Fisika Untuk Sains dan Teknik. 3rd ed. Jakarta: Erlangga
[4] Tripler, Paul A & Gene Mosca. (2008). Physics For Scientists and Engineers. 6th ed.
NY: W. H. Freeman and Company
[5] David Halliday, Robert Resnick, Jearl Walker. (2010). Fundamental of Physics
Extended. 9th ed. NY. John Wiley & Sons.

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