CONTROL

ENGINEERING

Sangamesh C M
Department of Mechanical
Engineering
CONTROL ENGINEERING
Introduction

Sangamesh C M
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Control Engineering
Introduction

UNIT:1 Introduction to automatic control system

Class 4
In this class you learn about some basic concepts about
Introduction to Transfer functions, Transfer function Models
Lesson Content
Concepts of

 Transfer functions
 Transfer function Models
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function

 Definition: The ratio of Laplace transform of the output to

the Laplace transform of the input under the assumption of
zero initial conditions is defined as “Transfer Function”.

 The relationship between input & output of a system is

given by the transfer function.
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function

System
g(t)

For the system shown

𝐿{𝑐 𝑡 = 𝐶(𝑠)
C(t) = output
L{r(t) = R(s)
r(t) = input
L{g(t) = G(s)
G(t) = System function
Therefore transfer function G(s) for above system is given by,

𝐿𝑎𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝐶(𝑠)

TF =
𝐿𝑎𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑅(𝑠)
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function of a closed loop system

Control Engineering
Introduction
Transfer function of a closed loop system
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function RC and RCL CIRCUITS

Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer function
Control Engineering
Introduction

Properties of Transfer function

 Zero initial condition

 It is same as Laplace transform.

 Replacing ‘s’ by d/dt in the transfer function, the

differential equation can be obtained

 Poles and zeros can be obtained from the transfer function

 Stability can be known

 Can be applicable to linear time invariant system only

Control Engineering
Introduction

Disadvantages of Transfer function

 Applicable only to linear time invariant control system

 Not applicable if initial condition cannot be neglected

 It gives no information about the actual structure of a

physical system
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer Function Models

 Transfer function models describe the relationship
between the inputs and outputs of a system using a ratio of
polynomials.

 The model order is equal to the order of the denominator

polynomial.

 The parameters of a transfer function model are its poles,

zeros and transport delays.
Control Engineering
Introduction

Transfer Function Models

 For linear time-invariant systems, rather than build an

explicit discrete-time model

 for each mass, spring, and dashpot, (or inductor,

capacitor, and resistor for virtual analog models)

 we may instead choose to model only the transfer

function between selected inputs and outputs of the
physical system
THANK YOU

Sangamesh C M
Department of Mechanical
Engineering
sangameshm@pes.edu
+91 8073038517