16-11-2020

Present simple: are (always) held

Present continuous: being (esta palabra no entiendo)

Present perfect: have (often) been asked

Past simple: were discovered

Past perfect: had been handed in

Future simple: Will be posted

Gerund: being taken

Infinitive with to: to be driven

Infinitive without to: be stored

Past simple: Luke was given his results on Friday

Past continuous: I didn’t know I was being filmed

Past perfect: The food had been eaten before we got there

Future simple: You Will be met at the airport

Gerund: Do you like being photographed?

Infinitive with to: I’d like to be invited to the party

Infinitive without to: All phones must be switched off

THE PASSIVE FORM

Present simple: My salary is paid directly into my bank

Present continuous: My car is being repaired at the moment

Present perfect: I’ve been asked to give a speech

Frases hechas para (writing): Essay, Report, Article, Review, Email

Essay

- In other words

- To that end

- Another key thing to remember

Report

- In my view

- As far as I am concerned…

- I would like to suggest

Article

- As a matter of fact

- In order to

- For instance

Review

- Takes no serious steps to meet his personal goals

- Is not afraid to take calculated risks

- Talks about having a can-do attitude, but her behavior rarely reflects it

Email

- I am contacting you to

- In reply to your email of

- I look forward to hearing from you

 18-11-2020

PASSIVE IF REPORTING VERBS

Simple infinitive -> present, future

Continuous infinitive -> present continuous

Perfect infinitive -> Past simple, present perfect

It is believed that the president is ill

The president is believed to be ill

It is believed that the president is dying

The president is believed to be dying

It is believed that the president died last night

The president is believed to have died last night

SAME
It is believed that the president has died

The president is believed to have died

IT + PASSIVE + THAT CLAUSE

1- It is said that fish is good for our brains

2- It is believed that the economy is getting worse

3- It is thought that global warming caused the floods

SUBJECT + PASSIVE + TO + INFINITIVE/CONTINOUS INFINITIVE/PERFECT INFINITIVE WITHOUT

TO

1- Fish is said to be good for our brains

2- The economy is believed to be getting worse

3- Global warming is thought to have caused the floods

3a – Rewrite these sentences using the two passive structures from exercise 1

1- People expect that climate change will get much worse over the next few years

Climate change is expected to be get much worse

2- People say that easting fish improves brain performance

Eating fish is said to improve brain performance

3- People think that social networking has made people more isolated

Social networking is thought to have made people more isolated

4- People consider that English and Spanish are easy languages to learn

English and Spanish are considered to be easy languages to learn

5- People say that daily life is getting much faster for most of us

Daily life is said to be getting much faster for most of us

2- For 1-6 complete sentence b so that it has a similar meaning to sentence a

0a Sue spoke for three hours

0b Sue gave a three-hour speech

1a Ian’s selling his house

1b Ian’s house is for SALE

2a It’s the first time we’ve lost this season

2b It’s our first LOSS of the season

3a It took us six hours to fly to Rio

3b Our FLIGHT to Rio took six hours

4a We gave Eli a present

4b We presented Eli with a GIFT

5a Tim suddenly started laughing

5b Tim burst into LAUGHTER

RELIEVE – RELIEF

WEIGH – WEIGHT

HIGH – HEIGHT

HOT – HEAT

TIME – TIMETABLE
KNOW – KNOWLEDGE

CHOOSE – CHOICE

PROVE – PROOF

SEE – SISHT
 20-11-2020

OPTIONAL ESSAY PSO/S1 WB

IF I FINISH MY HOMEWORK, I’LL GO OUT

Condition clause
Result clause

0 ZERO CONDITIONAL

IF + present + present

If I don’t catch the bus, I’m usually late for work

USE: EVERYDAY SITUATIONS

Scientific facts (Hechos)

If you heat water, It boils

1 FIRST CONDITIONAL

If + present, future

USE: POSSIBLE FUTURE SITUATIONS AND PROBABLE RESULTS

If it rains, I won’t go to the each

Possible
Probable
situation result

MIGHT, MAY, COULD

If it rains, I might go to the cinema

SECOND CONDITIONAL

If + past, would/might/could + infinitive

USE: FOR IMAGINARY, IMPOSSIBLE OR UNLIKELY SITUATION IN THE PRESENT/FUTURE

If I won the lottery, I would buy a house

If I were you, I would go to the doctor

THIRD CONDITIONAL

IF + PAST PERFECT (SIMPLE/CONTINUOUS), WOULD/COULD/MIGHT + HAVE + PAST

PARTICIPLE

USE: TO TALK ABOUT IMAGINE SITUATION IN PAST AND POSSIBLE CONSECUENCES

If hadn’t gone to the party, I wouldn’t gave met David

AS LONG AS = IF MORE EMPHATIC

PROVIDING YOU DO YOUR HOMEWORK, YOU CAN GO OUT

UNLESS you do your homework, you can’t go out = If you do your homework you can’t go out

I hope I finish my homework, otherwise I won’t be able to go out

If I don’t finish my homework, I won’t be able to go out

OR

You’d better go now, or you’ll be later for school

= If you don’t go now, you’ll be late for school

a) I walk to school from time to time (ocasionally) from after time

b) I wear a watch at all times (always)

c) Time after time (again and again) I forget where I’ve put my keys

d) I can’t multi-task: I can only ever do one thing at a time (at a particular moment)

e) I can remember when I learnt to tell the time: I was six at the time (at that moment)

f) By the time (when or before) I get home from work I’m usually exhausted