Reprinted from Chemical Plants + Processing
April 1984
NO, from combustion
Formation and Suppression by means of Recycling Burners
trogen oxides and $0, are the
Primary ‘harmful "emissténe rom
Fiig nia conmmvion processes. A
fesivion of hese eects a erscog
{howe tanks of saonmenaal prose:
on withtopprorly. Where asthe for
Imation of 80, a0 combustion pro-
{lett the tue suiphurie unevoldabie
nd has fo be siminated from ine Tus
{es, our knowledge ofthe formation of
firogen ones enables us to vod
sucies formation orto radoce Weal
Startay. Tne paper diecuseos tho
reduetion of NO" i rcyeing burners
nd efor proof oI. A sketch about
ihe forming mechanism of nitrogen
‘xidee a given at et for a Detar
naan.
INO, from combustion form almost exclu-
sively as NO. It changes to NO, at
temperatures below 620°C and sufficient
Fesidence time with oxygen from its
surroundings and becomes visible as
brownish-red plume al concentrations of
above 850 ppm. Because of its diverse
forming mechanisms we distinguish bet-
‘ween thermal NO from the nitrogen of the
‘combustion air and chemical NO from the
{fixed nitrogen in the fuel
Thermal NO,
‘Thermal NO'is formed by O, and N, at
high temperature and sufficient residence
time. This. formation of thermal NO is
called Zeldovie mechanism afer its disco
vere “and behaves according to the
‘equation given in fig 1.
(Culmination of the NO formation is
Feached ai approximately 2000° C and
decreases. drastically with increasing
temperatures.)
‘The time necessary to form NO is taken to
be infinite and thus not considered. In
reality, NO is formed between 0 and 5
‘seconds almost proportional tothe time of
reaction. Ifthe time of reaction = 0, then
No =0.
lis possible to predict the quantity of
thermal NO, assuming ideal conditions
{adiabatic combustion). However, this is
‘not possible for real combustion systems
with ezine time
£3 & NOx formation of eying burr ona sateg tae werkng Wh pabeied combustion san
Caloric Gesellschaft fur Apparatebau mgH « Lohensstrasse 12 ‘82166 Graefelfing (near Munich / Germany)
Phone:
+49 (0) 89-8 98 19-0» Fax: +49 (0) 89-8 98 19-104
email: info@caloric.de - www.caloric.com