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3. Why must the pressure in the capillaries be less than the pressure in the arteries?
a. As the vessels branch off from the major arteries, they get smaller and distribute the
pressure evenly between them.
b. Due to the functionality in diffusion, the thin walls of the capillaries do not
make them suited to withstand high pressures.
c. Trick question - the pressure in the arteries and the capillaries are the same.
d. The increased velocity of blood in the capillaries results in a decrease in vasculature
pressure.
4. What is the major problem that lead to the evolution of the circulatory system in animals?
a. The complex biochemistry of newer organisms meant they had to get rid of complex
waste products in a sophisticated way.
b. In order to allow animals to move more effectively, there needed to be movement of
a fluid within them to provide kinetic energy to move.
c. As the number of cells grew, the distance that diffusion need to take place
across slowed the rate down to a point where demand of cells could not be met
by the supply.
d. Radiant heat loss as organisms grew larger meant they needed a larger energy
reservoir to maintain their core body temperature.
SA
1) Blood pigments - Fill in the following table outlining the components of blood
3) Draw a basic circulatory map for each of the following, clearly illustrating the direction of
movement of circulatory fluid:
a. Open-circulatory system.
6) Outline the electrical activity that is occurring in the heart during the cardiac cycle.
7) What are the components of the innate and adaptive immune systems?